New South Wales act

Conveyancers Licensing Act 2003

In ForceNSW

Jurisdiction

New South Wales

Act Number

3 of 2003

Collection

act

Plain English Summary

7/10 complexity

This Act makes it unlawful to carry on conveyancing work for reward in NSW unless licensed, and sets trust‑account, record‑keeping and annual audit rules to protect client money. It empowers the Secretary to inspect, freeze accounts, appoint managers or discipline licensees, and links licensees to a compensation fund. It primarily affects conveyancers, their businesses and clients by raising compliance costs while strengthening consumer safeguards.

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What it does

The Conveyancers Licensing Act 2003 establishes a complete licensing, conduct and consumer-protection regime for persons who carry out conveyancing work in New South Wales. Section 4(1) defines conveyancing work as legal work carried out in connection with any transaction that creates, varies, transfers or extinguishes a legal or equitable interest in real or personal property. Examples expressly listed include the sale or lease of land, the sale of a business (including goodwill and stock-in-trade), and the grant of a mortgage or charge. Subsection (2) expands this to include preparing documents such as agreements, conveyances, transfers, leases or mortgages, giving advice, perusing or registering documents, and any other work prescribed by regulation. Subsection (4) limits the concept to work that, if performed for fee by a non-Australian legal practitioner, would constitute an offence under Part 2.1 of the Legal Profession Uniform Law (NSW).

The Act’s central prohibition appears in s 6(1): a person must not conduct a conveyancing business for fee or reward unless the person holds a licence (maximum penalty 100 penalty units). An exemption exists for Australian legal practitioners and incorporated legal practices (s 6(2)). A licensee who complies with the Act, regulations and licence conditions is protected from prosecution under the Legal Profession Uniform Law for carrying out conveyancing work (s 7(1)), although the licensee must not imply that he or she is qualified to act as a solicitor (s 7(2)).

Part 2 sets out the licensing machinery. Eligibility for a natural person requires the Secretary to be satisfied that the applicant is at least 18, fit and proper, that every partner is also fit and proper, that the applicant holds the Minister-approved qualifications, is not a disqualified person, and has paid the fee (s 8(1)). Corporate applicants face parallel requirements, including that at least one director holds an individual licence and that no director or executive officer is disqualified (s 8(2)). Qualifications are determined by Ministerial order published on the NSW legislation website and may be limited in scope (s 9). Section 10 contains an exhaustive list of 20 grounds on which a person is disqualified, ranging from dishonesty convictions within the last 10 years, mental incapacity, bankruptcy within the last three years, to failure to pay a levy to the Compensation Fund or a monetary penalty imposed under Part 9. The Secretary has limited discretion to disregard certain matters (subsections (3)–(3D)).

Current sections

Direct links to the current provisions in Conveyancers Licensing Act 2003.

196

Part 1

Preliminary

Part 1 Preliminary

Name of Act

1 Name of Act

This Act is the Conveyancers Licensing Act 2003.

Commencement

2 Commencement

(1) This Act commences on a day or days to be appointed by proclamation, except as provided by subsection (2).

(2) Schedule 2.2 and 2.5 commence on the commencement of Division 4 of Part 5 of the Law Enforcement (Powers and Responsibilities) Act 2002.

Definitions

3 Definitions

In this Act—

authorised officer has the meaning given in Part 10 (Enforcement).

Compensation Fund or Fund means the Property Services Compensation Fund established and maintained under the Property and Stock Agents Act 2002.

conveyancer means a person who carries out conveyancing work.

conveyancing business means any business in the course of which conveyancing work is carried out for fee or reward, whether or not the carrying out of conveyancing work is the sole or dominant purpose of the business.

conveyancing work has the meaning given to it by section 4.

Corporations Act means the Corporations Act 2001 of the Commonwealth.

costs includes fees, charges, disbursements, expenses and remuneration.

Department means the Department of Customer Service.

disqualified person has the meaning given to it by section 10.

employee includes any person employed whether on salary, wages, bonus, fees, allowance or other remuneration and includes a director or member of the governing body of a corporation.

exercise a function includes perform a duty.

firm of licensees includes any licensees who share remuneration as licensees, whether or not on the same basis for each of them.

function includes a power, authority or duty.

licence means a licence under this Act.

licensee means the holder of a licence under this Act.

licensee’s records has the meaning given in Part 6 (Records).

money includes an instrument for the payment of money in any case where the instrument may be paid into a bank or other deposit-taking institution.

money received for or on behalf of any person includes money held for or on behalf of any person, whether originally received for or on behalf of the person or not.

public holiday means a day appointed under the Public Holidays Act 2010 or another Act as a public holiday.

records includes books, accounts and other documents.

Secretary means—

(a) the Commissioner for Fair Trading, Department of Customer Service, or

(b) if there is no person employed as Commissioner for Fair Trading—the Secretary of the Department.

Statutory Interest Account means the Property Services Statutory Interest Account referred to in Part 11 of the Property and Stock Agents Act 2002.

Tribunal means the Civil and Administrative Tribunal.

trust account means a trust account required to be kept under this Act.

Note.

The Interpretation Act 1987 contains definitions and other provisions that affect the interpretation and application of this Act.

s 3: Am 2013 No 95, Sch 4.10 [1]; 2016 No 27, Sch 1.6 [1]; 2018 No 5, Sch 2.5[1]; 2022 No 59, Sch 3.14[1] [2]; 2024 No 25, Sch 3.1; 2025 No 48, Sch 3.3.

Conveyancing work

4 Conveyancing work

(1) For the purposes of this Act, conveyancing work is legal work carried out in connection with any transaction that creates, varies, transfers or extinguishes a legal or equitable interest in any real or personal property, such as (for example) any of the following transactions—

(a) a sale or lease of land,

(b) the sale of a business (including the sale of goodwill and stock-in-trade), whether or not a sale or lease of land or any other transaction involving land is involved,

(c) the grant of a mortgage or other charge.

(2) Without limiting subsection (1), conveyancing work includes—

(a) legal work involved in preparing any document (such as an agreement, conveyance, transfer, lease or mortgage) that is necessary to give effect to any such transaction, and

(b) legal work (such as the giving of advice or the preparation, perusal, exchange or registration of documents) that is consequential or ancillary to any such transaction, and

(c) any other legal work that is prescribed by the regulations as constituting conveyancing work for the purposes of this Act.

(3) However, conveyancing work does not include the carrying out of any work for the purpose of—

(a) a mortgage on non-residential property where the amount secured by the mortgage exceeds 7 million dollars (with non-residential property being any property that is not residential property for the purposes of Division 8 of Part 4 of the Conveyancing Act 1919), or

(b) commencing or maintaining legal proceedings, or

(c) establishing a corporation or varying the memorandum or articles of association of a corporation, or

(d) creating, varying or extinguishing a trust, or

(e) preparing a testamentary instrument, or

(f) giving investment or financial advice, or

(g) investing money otherwise than as provided for by Division 2 of Part 5,

and does not include any work that is prescribed by the regulations as not constituting conveyancing work for the purposes of this Act.

(4) In this section—

legal work means work that, if done for fee or reward by a person who is not an Australian legal practitioner, would give rise to an offence under Part 2.1 of the Legal Profession Uniform Law (NSW).

s 4: Am 2005 No 46, Sch 11.3 [1]; 2015 No 7, Sch 2.6 [1].

Notes

5 Notes

Notes included in this Act do not form part of this Act.

Extraterritorial application

5A Extraterritorial application

This Act is intended to have extraterritorial application to the extent the legislative powers of the State permit.

s 5A: Ins 2025 No 17, Sch 1[1].

Mutual recognition

5B Mutual recognition

(1) Because of the Mutual Recognition Act and subject to that Act—

(a) this Act applies to an interstate conveyancer in the same way it applies to the holder of a licence, and

(b) a reference to a licence includes a reference to the automatic deemed registration of an interstate conveyancer.

(2) This Act must, as far as practicable, be interpreted in a way that is compatible with—

(a) the Mutual Recognition Act, and

(b) the Trans-Tasman Mutual Recognition Act 1997 of the Commonwealth.

(3) In this section—

interstate conveyancer means a person authorised to carry on the occupation of a conveyancer in New South Wales because of the Mutual Recognition Act.

Mutual Recognition Act means the Mutual Recognition Act 1992 of the Commonwealth.

s 5B: Ins 2025 No 17, Sch 1[1].

Part 2

Licences

Part 2 Licences

Division 1

Requirement for licence

Division 1 Requirement for licence

Persons conducting conveyancing business required to be licensed

6 Persons conducting conveyancing business required to be licensed

(1) A person must not conduct a conveyancing business for fee or reward unless the person is the holder of a licence.

Maximum penalty—100 penalty units.

(2) This section does not apply to the conduct of a conveyancing business by a person—

(a) who is an Australian legal practitioner, or

(b) who is an incorporated legal practice or solicitor corporation (if the conveyancing business is carried on on its behalf by an Australian legal practitioner).

s 6: Am 2005 No 46, Sch 11.3 [2] [3]; 2006 No 33, Sch 1 [1].

Effect of licence

7 Effect of licence

(1) A licensee is not guilty of an offence under Part 2.1 of the Legal Profession Uniform Law (NSW) in respect of conveyancing work that the licensee carries out in accordance with this Act, the regulations and the conditions of the licence.

(2) This section does not permit a licensee to do anything, or to allow anything to be done, that is calculated to imply that the licensee is qualified to act as a solicitor.

s 7: Am 2005 No 46, Sch 11.3 [4]; 2015 No 7, Sch 2.6 [1].

Division 2

Eligibility, qualifications and disqualification

Division 2 Eligibility, qualifications and disqualification

Eligibility for licence

8 Eligibility for licence

(1) A natural person is eligible to hold a licence only if the Secretary is satisfied that the person—

(a) is at least 18 years of age, and

(b) is a fit and proper person to hold a licence, and

(c) each person with whom the person is in partnership in connection with the business concerned is a fit and proper person to hold a licence, and

(d) has the qualifications required for the issue of the licence, and

(e) is not a disqualified person, and

(f) has paid the application fee required by section 12.

(2) A corporation is eligible to hold a corporation licence only if the Secretary is satisfied that—

(a) the corporation is a fit and proper person to hold a licence, and

(b) each director of the corporation is a fit and proper person to hold a licence, and

(c) no director or executive officer (within the meaning of the Corporations Act) of the corporation is a disqualified person, and

(c1) the corporation is not a disqualified person, and

(d) at least one of the directors of the corporation holds a licence that a natural person is required to hold to carry on the business that the corporation carries on or proposes to carry on, and

(e) the corporation has paid the application fee required by section 12.

s 8: Am 2006 No 33, Sch 1 [2]; 2025 No 17, Sch 1[2] [3].

Qualifications for licence

9 Qualifications for licence

(1) The qualifications required for the issue of a licence are such qualifications as the Minister may approve from time to time by order published on the NSW legislation website.

(2) Without limiting the Minister’s power to approve qualifications, the Minister may approve qualifications by reference to any one or more of the following—

(a) the completion of a course of study,

(b) the completion of a period of training in a particular activity,

(c) the attainment of a standard of competency in a particular activity,

(d) satisfaction of professional development requirements.

(3) Qualifications may be approved for a limited range of activities specified in the approval, so as to enable a person who has those qualifications to be granted a licence subject to conditions that limit the person to exercising the functions of a licensee in relation to that limited range of activities only.

(4) Qualifications may be approved by reference to qualifications obtained before a specific day or during a specified period.

(5) A person does not have the qualifications required for the renewal or restoration of a licence if the person has failed to comply with any condition of the licence that required the holder to undertake professional development, continuing education or a course of study, unless the Secretary otherwise determines in a particular case.

s 9: Am 2006 No 33, Sch 1 [3]; 2010 No 119, Sch 3.2.

Disqualified persons

10 Disqualified persons

(1) A person is a disqualified person for the purposes of this Act if the person—

(a) has a conviction in New South Wales or elsewhere for an offence involving dishonesty that was recorded in the last 10 years, unless the Secretary has determined under subsection (3) that the offence should be ignored, or

(b)–(d) (Repealed)

(e) is a mentally incapacitated person, or

(f) is disqualified from holding a licence or other authority under a corresponding law or is the holder of such a licence or authority that is suspended, or

(g) is the holder of a licence, permit or other authority that is suspended under legislation administered by the Minister or is disqualified from holding a licence, permit or other authority under legislation administered by the Minister, or

(h) is in partnership with a person who is a disqualified person, or

(i) is for the time being declared to be a disqualified person under Part 9 (Complaints and disciplinary action), or

(j) is a corporation that is the subject of a winding up order or for which a controller or administrator has been appointed, or

(k) has failed to pay a contribution or levy payable by the person under section 89 and the failure continues, or

(l) has failed to pay an amount due as a debt to the Crown by way of recovery of an amount paid out of the Compensation Fund and the failure continues, or

(m) has failed to pay any monetary penalty payable by the person under Part 9 (Complaints and disciplinary action) or has failed to comply with any direction given by the Secretary under that Part, and the failure continues, or

(n) has failed to comply with the requirements of section 75 to have an audit of the records and documents relating to any trust money carried out within the required time, unless the Secretary determines in the circumstances that failure should not disqualify the person, or

(o) has been removed (otherwise than at his or her own request) from the roll of lawyers kept by the Supreme Court or from a corresponding roll of lawyers kept by a superior court of another State or Territory, or

(p) is disqualified from being employed in a law practice by virtue of an order made under Division 1 of Part 3.9 of the Legal Profession Uniform Law (NSW), or

(p1) is an Australian legal practitioner, incorporated legal practice or solicitor corporation, or

(q) is a disqualified person under the Property and Stock Agents Act 2002, or

(q1) is the holder of a licence or certificate of registration under the Property and Stock Agents Act 2002, or

(r) is in breach of any provision of this Act or the regulations that is prescribed by the regulations as a disqualifying breach.

(2) A person is also a disqualified person for the purposes of this Act (except for the purposes of section 29) if the person—

(a) is an undischarged bankrupt, or

(b) at any time in the last 3 years was an undischarged bankrupt, applied to take the benefit of any law for the relief of bankrupt or insolvent debtors, compounded with his or her creditors or made an assignment of his or her remuneration for their benefit, or

(c) is, or was at any time in the last 3 years, concerned in the management of, or a director of, a Chapter 5 body corporate except in a case of the voluntary winding up of the body corporate, or

(d) is a person—

(i) who was, at any time in the last 3 years, concerned in the management of, or a director of, a body corporate that, within 12 months of the person ceasing to be such a person or director, became a Chapter 5 body corporate except in the case of a voluntary winding up of the body corporate, and

(ii) who failed (while concerned in the management of, or a director of, that body corporate) to take all reasonable steps to avoid the body corporate becoming a Chapter 5 body corporate.

(3) The Secretary may determine that an offence committed by a person should be ignored for the purposes of this section because of the time that has passed since the offence was committed or because of the triviality of the acts or omissions giving rise to the offence.

(3A) The Secretary may determine that the factors listed in subsection (1) (g) or (j) should be ignored for the purposes of this section if, on the basis of information provided to the Secretary, the Secretary considers it appropriate to make that determination.

(3B) The Secretary may exempt a person from the operation of subsection (2) (a), (b) or (c) by—

(a) certifying, in the case of exemption from subsection (2) (a), that the Secretary is satisfied that the person took all reasonable steps to avoid the bankruptcy concerned, or

(b) certifying, in the case of exemption from subsection (2) (b), that the Secretary is satisfied that the person took all reasonable steps to avoid the bankruptcy or other financial difficulties concerned, or

(c) certifying, in the case of exemption from subsection (2) (c), that the Secretary is satisfied that the person took all reasonable steps (while concerned in the management of, or a director of, the body corporate) to avoid the body corporate becoming a Chapter 5 body corporate.

(3C) Subsection (2) (d) does not operate to make a person a disqualified person unless the Secretary has served a notice on the person giving the person the opportunity to make oral or written submissions to the Secretary within a period (being not less than 14 days) specified in the notice with respect to the grounds on which the person believes he or she took all reasonable steps to avoid the body corporate becoming a Chapter 5 body corporate and the Secretary is satisfied that the person failed to take all such steps.

(3D) In determining for the purposes of subsection (3B) or (3C) what reasonable steps could have been taken by a person to avoid a particular outcome, the Secretary is to have regard to the steps that could have been taken by the person from the time that the financial difficulties that gave rise to the outcome first arose.

(4) In this section—

Chapter 5 body corporate has the same meaning as in the Corporations Act.

corresponding law means a law of another Australian jurisdiction that is declared by the Minister from time to time by order published on the NSW legislation website to be a law that corresponds to this Act.

s 10: Am 2005 No 46, Sch 11.3 [5] [6]; 2006 No 33, Sch 1 [4]–[11]; 2007 No 27, Sch 1.10 [1]–[3]; 2010 No 119, Sch 3.2; 2015 No 7, Sch 2.6 [2]; 2018 No 5, Sch 2.5[1]; 2018 No 65, Schs 3.1, 5.1 [1]; 2022 No 59, Sch 2.9[1]–[3].

Division 3

Application and issue procedure

Division 3 Application and issue procedure

Application to licences of Licensing and Registration (Uniform Procedures) Act 2002

11 Application to licences of Licensing and Registration (Uniform Procedures) Act 2002

(1) The Secretary may grant licences for the purposes of this Act.

(2) Part 2 (other than section 10) of the Licensing and Registration (Uniform Procedures) Act 2002 (the applied Act) applies to and in respect of a licence, subject to the modifications and limitations prescribed by or under this Act.

(3) For the purpose of applying Part 2 of the applied Act to a licence—

(a) the Secretary is taken to be the licensing authority, and

(b) the licence may be amended under that Act, and

(c) the reference to 2 weeks in section 9 (1) (a) of that Act is to be read as a reference to 4 weeks, and

(d) (Repealed)

(e) the reference to 28 days in section 17 (1) of that Act (as to the period within which an application must be determined) is to be read as a reference to 8 weeks, and

(f) section 21 (1) and (4) of that Act do not have effect, and

(g) the reference to 14 days in section 24 (1) of that Act (as to the period within which changed particulars must be notified) is to be read as a reference to 7 days, and

(h) (Repealed)

(i) a licence is not transferable.

(4) A licence is taken to be a fixed-term licence for the purposes of Part 2 of the applied Act.

(5) Subject to this section, the regulations may make provision for or with respect to such matters concerning a licence as are relevant to the operation of Part 2 of the applied Act.

s 11: Am 2006 No 33, Sch 1 [12]; 2009 No 103, Sch 2.1; 2018 No 65, Sch 2.5[1] [2]; 2024 No 53, Sch 1.5.

Application fees

12 Application fees

An applicant for a licence must pay the application fee prescribed by the regulations.

s 12: Subst 2025 No 17, Sch 1[4].

Grounds for refusal of licence

13 Grounds for refusal of licence

(1) A licence must not be granted to an applicant unless the applicant is eligible to be granted a licence (as provided by section 8).

(2) The Secretary may refuse an application on any of the grounds (listed in section 132) on which the Secretary may take disciplinary action.

Conditions—general

14 Conditions—general

A licence may be granted subject to conditions, including (but not limited to) conditions of the following kind—

(a) a condition prohibiting the licensee from carrying out conveyancing work otherwise than as an employee of a licensee whose licence does not contain such a condition,

(b) a condition prohibiting the licensee from carrying out conveyancing work in relation to specified kinds of transaction,

(c) a condition prohibiting the licensee from carrying out conveyancing work except in relation to specified kinds of transaction,

(d) a condition requiring the licensee to undertake or complete a specified course of studies within a specified period of time,

(e) a condition requiring a licensee to undertake by way of professional development specified further education or training during the term of the licence.

Special condition requiring professional indemnity insurance

15 Special condition requiring professional indemnity insurance

(1) The regulations may make provision for or with respect to requiring the holder of a licence to be insured under a policy of professional indemnity insurance in force with respect to the licensee or his or her employer. It is a condition of a licence that the holder of the licence be insured as required by any such regulations.

(2) In particular, the regulations may require that the policy of insurance be a policy, or a policy of a kind, that is approved by the Minister for the time being by order published on the NSW legislation website.

(3) An order may provide that a policy is an approved policy if the policy complies with either or both of the following—

(a) the policy complies with the conditions set out in the order,

(b) the policy is described in the order by reference to the insurer and the number of the policy or is identified in the order by other specified particulars.

s 15: Am 2013 No 111, Sch 3.8.

Issue of licence

16 Issue of licence

Licences are issued by the Secretary and are to be in such form and specify such information as the Secretary determines.

Duration of licence

17 Duration of licence

(1) An application for a licence or for renewal of a licence is to nominate one of the following terms of duration for the licence (the nominated term)—

(a) 1 year,

(b) 3 years,

(c) 5 years.

(2) The Secretary may grant or renew a licence for a shorter term than the nominated term if satisfied that it is in the public interest to do so.

(3) If an application for renewal of a licence has been made but the application is not finally determined by the Secretary before the expiry of the licence, the licence (if not suspended or sooner cancelled) continues in force until the application is finally determined.

(4) If a licence is granted or renewed for a shorter term than the nominated term, the Secretary is to refund to the applicant the difference between the fee for the nominated term and the fee for the term that was granted.

(5) The suspension of a licence does not affect the term of the licence.

(6) This section does not affect the term of any licence granted under this Act and in force immediately before the substitution of this section by the Fair Trading Legislation Amendment (Reform) Act 2018.

s 17: Am 2006 No 33, Sch 1 [13]; 2016 No 27, Sch 1.6 [2]. Subst 2018 No 65, Sch 2.5[3].

Time period for restoration of licences

18 Time period for restoration of licences

(1) An application for the restoration of a licence must be made—

(a) within 3 months of the expiry of the licence, or

(b) within the further period determined by the Secretary on the application of the person seeking the restoration of the licence.

(2) Without limiting subsection (1) (b), the Secretary may extend the period within which an application for the restoration of a licence may be made if the Secretary is satisfied that—

(a) in a case where the applicant failed to apply for renewal before the licence expired—the failure to apply for renewal of the licence before it expired was due to inadvertence, or

(b) it is just and equitable to restore the licence.

(3) A licence that has been surrendered or cancelled must not be restored.

(4) An application for the restoration of a licence must—

(a) be made in the approved form (if any), and

(b) be accompanied by the fee prescribed by the regulations, and

(c) nominate a term of duration for the licence.

(5) A licence restored at any time is taken to have been restored from the day on which the licence expired.

(6) Subject to this section, this Act applies to an application for the restoration of a licence in the same way as it applies to an application for a licence.

s 18: Rep 2006 No 33, Sch 1 [14]. Ins 2018 No 65, Sch 2.5[4].

Part 3

General conduct of licensees

Part 3 General conduct of licensees

Business names

19 Business names

(1), (2) (Repealed)

(3) A licensee must not enter into any arrangement under which some other person, whether or not a licensee, is authorised by the licensee to conduct a conveyancing business under the same business name, or under a substantially similar business name, as that under which the licensee conducts a conveyancing business.

Maximum penalty—50 penalty units.

(4) Subsection (3) is intended to operate as referred to in sections 12 (2) (e), 19 (5) and 20 (3) of the Business Names Registration Act 2011 of the Commonwealth.

Note.

Section 12 (2) (e) of the Business Names Registration Act 2011 of the Commonwealth (the Commonwealth Act) provides that the business names legislation referred to in that section is not intended to exclude or limit the concurrent operation of a law of a State that imposes obligations on an entity or class of entities that are in addition to obligations imposed under that Act.

Sections 19 (5) and 20 (3) of the Commonwealth Act also provide that an entity does not commit an offence under those sections concerning the inclusion or display of registered business names in written communications and at places of business if the inclusion, use or display of a business name in such a communication or at such a place would be contrary to a law of a State.

s 19: Am 2011 No 44, Sch 3.4; 2015 No 15, Sch 1.4 [1] [2].

Each place of business to be in charge of licensee

20 Each place of business to be in charge of licensee

(1) A licensee who conducts a conveyancing business under a licence at more than one place of business must employ at each of those places of business (except the place at which the licensee is personally in charge) as the person in charge of business at that place a person who is the holder of a licence that an individual is required to hold to carry on a conveyancing business.

(2) A corporation that conducts a conveyancing business under a licence must employ as the person in charge at each place of business at which the corporation carries on business under the licence a person who is the holder of a licence that an individual is required to hold to carry on a conveyancing business.

(3) A licensee must not employ a person to be the person in charge of business at a place of business of the licensee if the person is also employed to be the person in charge of business at another place of business of the licensee or at a place of business of another licensee.

(4) A person employed as the person in charge of business at a place of business of a licensee must not exercise functions or provide services on behalf of 2 or more licensees at that place (whether corporations or individuals) unless those licensees are in partnership.

(5) The Secretary may grant a person an exemption from a provision of this section. The exemption may be granted unconditionally or subject to conditions. The Secretary may at any time by notice in writing to a person granted an exemption revoke the exemption or vary the conditions of the exemption.

(6) The regulations may specify the matters to be taken into account by the Secretary in considering whether to grant a person an exemption from a provision of this section.

Maximum penalty—

(a) 200 penalty units in the case of a corporation, or

(b) 100 penalty units in any other case.

Duty of licensee and person in charge to properly supervise conveyancing business

21 Duty of licensee and person in charge to properly supervise conveyancing business

(1) A licensee must properly supervise the conveyancing business carried on by the licensee.

(2) The requirement to properly supervise the conduct of a conveyancing business includes the following requirements—

(a) a requirement to properly supervise employees engaged in the business,

(b) a requirement to establish procedures designed to ensure that the provisions of this Act and any other laws relevant to the conduct of that business are complied with,

(c) a requirement to monitor the conduct of business in a manner that will ensure as far as practicable that those procedures are complied with.

(3) The Secretary may from time to time issue and notify to licensees guidelines as to what constitutes the proper supervision of the business of a licensee. A failure to comply with the requirements of any such guidelines in connection with the supervision of a business constitutes a failure to properly supervise the business.

Maximum penalty—200 penalty units in the case of a corporation or 100 penalty units in any other case.

Rules of conduct for licensee’s business

22 Rules of conduct for licensee’s business

(1) The regulations may prescribe rules of conduct to be observed in the course of the conduct of conveyancing businesses or the exercise of functions under licences.

Note.

Part 9 (Complaints and disciplinary action) provides that a contravention of a provision of the regulations is grounds for taking disciplinary action against a person.

(2) Without limiting subsection (1), the regulations may adopt, with or without modification, the provisions of any rules made by the Law Society with respect to the conduct of solicitors.

(3) Without limiting subsection (1), the regulations may make provision for or with respect to matters to be disclosed to a person for whom a licensee carries out, or is retained to carry out, conveyancing work, including (but not limited to)—

(a) any conflict of interest that might arise from the carrying out of the work, and

(b) any beneficial interest in property that a licensee or employee of a licensee may obtain or be concerned in obtaining in carrying out conveyancing work in relation to the sale of the property.

Undertakings by licensees

23 Undertakings by licensees

The Secretary may accept a written undertaking from a licensee as to the manner in which the licensee will exercise functions under the licence.

Note.

Part 9 provides that a breach of such an undertaking is grounds for taking disciplinary action against a person.

Duty of licensee to notify failure to account

24 Duty of licensee to notify failure to account

(1) A licensee must notify the Secretary as soon as practicable after becoming aware of any failure to account by the licensee.

Maximum penalty—50 penalty units.

(2) In this section—

failure to account has the same meaning as in Part 8 (Management and receivership).

Industry association to report failure to account

25 Industry association to report failure to account

A body engaged in the provision of services to conveyancers as an industry association or similar undertaking must notify the Secretary in writing within 7 days after becoming aware of any failure to account by a licensee.

Maximum penalty—100 penalty units.

Sharing of receipts with unqualified persons

26 Sharing of receipts with unqualified persons

(1) A licensee must not share the receipts of a conveyancing business with another person unless—

(a) the other person is a licensee, or

(b) the sharing of those receipts with that other person is approved by the Secretary and does not contravene the provisions of any regulation under this section.

Maximum penalty—200 penalty units in the case of a corporation or 100 penalty units in any other case.

(2) An approval may not be given under this section unless the Secretary is satisfied that the sharing of the receipts of the conveyancing business in accordance with the approval—

(a) will not result in a person other than a licensee gaining control of the business, and

(b) will not adversely affect the independent conduct of the licensee’s business or give rise to a conflict between the interests of the licensee and the interests of any of the licensee’s clients.

(3) This section does not prevent a party to a transaction from recovering from any other person the costs of conveyancing work carried out by a licensee who is employed by the party under a contract of service.

(4) The regulations may make provision for or with respect to restricting the circumstances in which a licensee may share the receipts of a conveyancing business with another person who is not a licensee.

Partnerships

27 Partnerships

(1) A licensee must not be in partnership with another person unless—

(a) the other person is a licensee, or

(b) the partnership with that other person is approved by the Secretary and does not contravene the provisions of any regulation under this section.

Maximum penalty—200 penalty units in the case of a corporation or 100 penalty units in any other case.

(2) An approval for a partnership may not be given under this section unless the Secretary is satisfied that the business of the partnership concerned will include conveyancing business.

(3) An approval may not be given for a partnership with a person who is the holder of a licence or certificate of registration under the Property and Stock Agents Act 2002.

(4) The regulations may make provision for or with respect to restricting the classes of persons (other than licensees) with whom a licensee may be in partnership.

(5) The following provisions apply in respect of a partnership in which a licensee is a member—

(a) a partner who is not a licensee is not guilty of an offence under Part 2.1 of the Legal Profession Uniform Law (NSW) merely because the partner conducts business of the partnership that is conveyancing business,

(b) a partner who is not a licensee is not guilty of an offence under Part 2.1 of the Legal Profession Uniform Law (NSW) merely because the partner receives any fee, gain or reward for business of the partnership that is conveyancing business,

(c) a partner who is not a licensee is not guilty of an offence under Part 2.1 of the Legal Profession Uniform Law (NSW) merely because the partner holds out, advertises or represents himself or herself as a member of a partnership conducting conveyancing business,

(d) a partner who is a licensee does not contravene this Part merely because the partner shares with any other partner the receipts of business of the partnership that is conveyancing business,

(e) Part 5, Division 2 and Parts 7 and 8 apply, subject to the regulations, as if each partner who is not a licensee were a licensee. Those provisions so apply in connection with any business of the partnership (whether or not it is conveyancing business).

s 27: Am 2005 No 46, Sch 11.3 [7] [8]; 2006 No 33, Sch 1 [15]; 2015 No 7, Sch 2.6 [1]; 2018 No 5, Sch 2.5[1]; 2025 No 17, Sch 1[5].

Conduct of other businesses

28 Conduct of other businesses

(1) The regulations may prohibit a licensee who conducts a conveyancing business, or who is employed in the conduct of a conveyancing business, from conducting, or being employed in the conduct of, any other business or class of businesses.

(2) A licensee must not conduct any business, or be employed in the conduct of any business, in contravention of the regulations under this section.

Maximum penalty—200 penalty units in the case of a corporation or 100 penalty units in any other case.

Employment of disqualified persons

29 Employment of disqualified persons

(1) A licensee must not, in connection with his or her conveyancing business, employ or pay a person whom the licensee knows to be a disqualified person.

(2) Subsection (1) does not apply in relation to a person who is employed or paid in accordance with leave given by the Secretary.

(3) If the Secretary refuses an application by a person for leave under this section, the person may apply to the Tribunal for an administrative review under the Administrative Decisions Review Act 1997 of the decision.

(4) Leave given under this section may be limited as to time or given subject to specified conditions.

(5) A disqualified person must not seek employment or payment in connection with a licensee’s conveyancing business unless he or she has informed the licensee of the fact of his or her disqualification.

Maximum penalty (subsection (5)): 50 penalty units.

s 29: Am 2013 No 95, Sch 2.40 [1].

Liability of licensee for acts of employees

30 Liability of licensee for acts of employees

A licensee who employs a person at any place of business of the licensee is responsible, in tort and in contract, for anything done or not done by the person—

(a) within the scope of the employee’s authority, or

(b) for the benefit, or the purported or intended benefit, of the licensee or the licensee’s business.

Licensee to keep records of certain employees

31 Licensee to keep records of certain employees

(1) A licensee must make and keep a record of the name and residential address of each employee that the licensee employs as a conveyancer.

(2) (Repealed)

(3) The licensee must keep the record in the form of a register of employees and that register must be kept at the place of business of the licensee at which the employee is employed or at such other place as the Secretary may approve.

Maximum penalty—50 penalty units.

s 31: Am 2018 No 65, Sch 5.1 [2].

Duty of licensee to notify disqualification of employee

32 Duty of licensee to notify disqualification of employee

A licensee must notify the Secretary in writing within 7 days after becoming aware that a person employed by the licensee has become a disqualified person.

Maximum penalty—50 penalty units.

Employees required to notify disqualification

33 Employees required to notify disqualification

A person employed by a licensee must notify the licensee within 7 days after the person becomes a disqualified person.

Maximum penalty—50 penalty units.

Division 4

Advertisements and representations

Division 4 Advertisements and representations

34

34 (Repealed)

Advertisements include information about licensee

35 Advertisements include information about licensee

A licensee must not publish or cause to be published (in a newspaper or otherwise, and whether in print or on a publicly accessible website) an advertisement relating to or in connection with the licensee’s business unless the advertisement includes the following—

(a) if the licensee is an individual carrying on business in the licensee’s own name and is not a member of a partnership—the licensee’s name,

(b) if the licensee is an individual carrying on business under a business name registered under any Act relating to the registration of business names—either the licensee’s name or that business name,

(c) if the licensee carries on business as a member of a partnership—either the licensee’s name or the name of the partnership, or the name under which the partnership is registered under any Act relating to the registration of business names,

(d) if the licensee is a corporation and the corporation is carrying on business in its own name—the name of the corporation,

(e) if the licensee is a corporation and the corporation is carrying on business under a business name registered under any Act relating to the registration of business names—either its own name or that business name,

(f) the number of the licence.

Maximum penalty—100 penalty units.

s 35: Am 2006 No 33, Sch 1 [16]; 2017 No 63, Sch 2.1.

Division 5

Disclosure of costs and other matters

Division 5 Disclosure of costs and other matters

Obligation to disclose costs and other matters to clients

36 Obligation to disclose costs and other matters to clients

(1) A licensee must disclose to a client in accordance with this Division the basis of the costs for conveyancing work to be carried out for the client by the licensee and any conflict or beneficial interest of a kind required to be disclosed by the regulations.

Maximum penalty—200 penalty units in the case of a corporation or 100 penalty units in any other case.

(2) The following matters are to be disclosed to the client—

(a) the amount of the costs, if known,

(b) if the amount of the costs is not known, the basis of calculating the costs,

(c) the billing arrangements,

(d) the client’s rights under Part 4 in relation to the hearing of disputes about the fees by the Tribunal,

(e) any conflict or beneficial interest of a kind required to be disclosed by the regulations,

(f) any other matter required to be disclosed by the regulations.

When disclosure to be made

37 When disclosure to be made

(1) A disclosure under this Division is to be made before or when the licensee is retained to carry out the conveyancing work concerned, unless this section otherwise provides.

(2) If it is not reasonably practicable to make the disclosure before or when the licensee is retained, the disclosure is to be made as soon as practicable after the licensee is so retained.

Disclosure to be in writing

38 Disclosure to be in writing

(1) A disclosure under this Division must be made in writing and be expressed in clear plain language.

(2) The disclosure may be made separately or in a costs agreement or in any other contract relating to the carrying out by the licensee of the conveyancing work concerned.

Exception to disclosure

39 Exception to disclosure

A disclosure is not required to be made under this Division when it would not be reasonable to require it.

Regulations as to disclosure

40 Regulations as to disclosure

The regulations may make provision for or with respect to—

(a) the information to be disclosed under this Division, and

(b) when it would not be reasonable to require a disclosure to be made under this Division.

Effect of non-disclosure of matters related to basis of costs

41 Effect of non-disclosure of matters related to basis of costs

(1) If a licensee fails to make a disclosure to a client in accordance with this Division of the matters required to be disclosed by section 36 in relation to costs, the client need not pay the costs of the conveyancing work.

(2) A licensee who fails to make a disclosure in accordance with this Division of the matters required to be disclosed by section 36 in relation to costs may not maintain proceedings for the recovery of the costs.

Part 4

Resolution of costs disputes

Part 4 Resolution of costs disputes

Definition

42 Definition

In this Part—

costs dispute means a dispute about costs payable in respect of conveyancing work.

Notifying Tribunal about costs dispute

43 Notifying Tribunal about costs dispute

(1) Any person may notify the Tribunal, in accordance with the regulations, of any costs dispute that the person has with another person.

(2) A notification must be accompanied by the fee prescribed by the regulations under the Civil and Administrative Tribunal Act 2013 for an application to the Tribunal in its Consumer and Commercial Division (unless the fee is waived or postponed under that Act).

s 43: Am 2013 No 95, Sch 4.10 [2].

Attempts to resolve costs dispute

44 Attempts to resolve costs dispute

(1) The Tribunal may, on notification of a costs dispute, take any action that it considers necessary to resolve the dispute.

(2) On notification of a costs dispute, the Tribunal must determine whether the subject-matter of the dispute should be assessed by an independent expert and may, if it considers it appropriate, refer the dispute to an independent expert for assessment.

(3) An independent expert may be selected from a panel of experts approved by the President of the Tribunal.

(4) An independent expert to whom a costs dispute is referred under this section must prepare a written report on the dispute and provide a copy of it to the parties and to the Tribunal within the time limit specified by the Tribunal.

(5) Nothing in this section prevents the Tribunal using (or requiring the use of) resolution processes under the Civil and Administrative Tribunal Act 2013 to resolve a costs dispute.

s 44: Am 2013 No 95, Sch 4.10 [3] [4].

Costs of assessment

45 Costs of assessment

(1) The costs of assessment by an independent expert, including the costs payable to the expert, are to be borne equally by the parties to the dispute.

(2) Regulations made for the purposes of this section may provide that the parties are to bear the costs—

(a) in such manner as may be ordered by the Tribunal, or

(b) in any other prescribed manner.

Procedure if agreement reached on costs dispute

46 Procedure if agreement reached on costs dispute

(1) If parties to a costs dispute reach an agreement or arrangement during or after an assessment by an independent expert, that agreement must be put in writing by the independent expert, signed by the parties to the dispute and filed with the Tribunal.

(2) The Tribunal is to make such orders as it considers appropriate to give effect to the agreement.

Application for determination of costs dispute

47 Application for determination of costs dispute

Any person may apply to the Tribunal for the determination of a costs dispute.

s 47: Am 2013 No 95, Sch 4.10 [5].

Preliminary procedure must be followed

48 Preliminary procedure must be followed

An application must not be accepted unless the procedure relating to costs disputes set out in Division 2 has been followed in relation to the costs dispute or unless the President of the Tribunal does not consider it appropriate that the procedure be followed.

s 48: Am 2013 No 95, Sch 4.10 [6].

Jurisdiction of Civil and Administrative Tribunal in relation to costs disputes

49 Jurisdiction of Civil and Administrative Tribunal in relation to costs disputes

(1) The Tribunal has jurisdiction to hear and determine any costs dispute brought before it in accordance with this Part.

(2) The Tribunal has jurisdiction to hear and determine any costs dispute whether or not the matter to which the dispute relates arose before or after the commencement of this Division, except as provided by this Act.

s 49: Am 2013 No 95, Sch 4.10 [7].

Tribunal to be chiefly responsible for resolving costs disputes

50 Tribunal to be chiefly responsible for resolving costs disputes

(1) This section applies if a person starts any proceedings in or before any court in respect of a costs dispute and the costs dispute is one that could be heard by the Tribunal under this Division.

(2) If a defendant in proceedings to which this section applies makes an application for the proceedings to be transferred, the proceedings must be transferred to the Tribunal in accordance with the regulations and are to continue before the Tribunal as if they had been instituted there.

(3) This section has effect despite clauses 5 and 6 of Schedule 4 to the Civil and Administrative Tribunal Act 2013.

s 50: Am 2013 No 95, Sch 4.10 [8].

Powers of Tribunal

51 Powers of Tribunal

(1) In determining a costs dispute, the Tribunal is empowered to make one or more of the following orders as it considers appropriate—

(a) an order that one party to the proceedings pay money to another party or to a person specified in the order,

(b) an order that one party to the proceedings return to another party, or to a person specified in the order, documents in the possession or under the control of the party,

(c) an order that a specified amount of money is not due or owing by a party to the proceedings to a specified person, or that a party to the proceedings is not entitled to a refund of any money paid to another party to the proceedings.

(2) Sections 79R and 79T–79V of the Fair Trading Act 1987 apply, with any necessary modifications, to and in respect of the determination of a costs dispute.

s 51: Am 2015 No 12, Sch 2.2.

Part 5

Trust money

Part 5 Trust money

pt 5, hdg: Am 2006 No 33, Sch 1 [17].

Interpretation

52 Interpretation

(1) In this Part—

trust money means money received for or on behalf of any person by a licensee in connection with the licensee’s conveyancing business.

(2) A reference in this Part to a licensee includes a reference to a person who has ceased to be a licensee and to the personal representative of a licensee who has died.

(3) In the application of this Part—

(a) to a person who has ceased to be a licensee, a reference to money received for or on behalf of a person by a licensee is to be read as a reference to money received by that person for or on behalf of any other person in connection with his or her business as a licensee, and

(b) to the personal representative of a licensee who has died, a reference to money received for or on behalf of a person by a licensee is to be read as a reference to money received by that licensee or personal representative for or on behalf of a person in connection with the business carried on by that licensee.

pt 5, div 1 (s 52): Subst 2006 No 33, Sch 1 [18].

Payment of trust money into trust account

53 Payment of trust money into trust account

(1) Money received for or on behalf of any person by a licensee in connection with the licensee’s conveyancing business—

(a) is to be held by the licensee or (if the licensee is employed by a corporation) by the corporation, exclusively for that person, and

(b) is to be paid to the person or disbursed as the person directs, and

(c) until so paid or disbursed, is to be paid into and retained in a trust account (whether general or separate) at an authorised deposit-taking institution in New South Wales and approved by the Secretary for the purposes of this Part.

(2) If the licence is held by a corporation, the trust account is to be in the name of the corporation and in any other case is to be in the name of the licensee or of the firm of licensees of which the licensee is a member.

(3) Subsection (1) does not prevent a licensee from—

(a) withdrawing or receiving, from trust money, money due to the licensee for costs so long as the procedure prescribed by the regulations is followed, and

(b) holding, or disposing of, a cheque or other negotiable instrument payable to a third party if the licensee does so on behalf of a client and in accordance with directions given by the client, and

(c) exercising a general retaining lien for unpaid costs and disbursements in respect of money in a trust account (other than money received subject to an express direction by the client with respect to the purposes for which the money is to be applied).

(4) A lien referred to in subsection (3) (c)—

(a) may not be exercised for an amount in excess of the sum of the costs and disbursements unpaid, and

(b) may not be exercised unless—

(i) the licensee has disclosed to the client, in accordance with Division 5 of Part 3, the basis of the costs for the conveyancing work concerned, or

(ii) if such a disclosure is not required to be made (as provided by sections 39 and 40 and any relevant regulations)—the licensee has served a bill of costs on the client.

(5) The name of a trust account and the description of the trust account in the books and records of the licensee and also on all cheques drawn on the trust account—

(a) must include the name of the licensee corporation, licensee or firm of licensees in whose name the trust account is kept, and

(b) must include the words “Trust Account”, and

(c) may include, at the end of the account’s name, a name or other matter to identify the person on whose behalf money in the account is held.

(6) When opening a trust account at an authorised deposit-taking institution for the purpose of complying with this section, the licensee concerned must ensure that the authorised deposit-taking institution is notified in writing that the account is a trust account required by this Act.

(7) A licensee must, within 14 days after closing a trust account, notify the Secretary in writing of the closure.

Maximum penalty—100 penalty units.

s 53: Am 2004 No 55, Sch 1.6. Subst 2006 No 33, Sch 1 [18].

Approval of authorised deposit-taking institutions

54 Approval of authorised deposit-taking institutions

(1) The Secretary may approve an authorised deposit-taking institution for the purposes of this Part and may revoke any such approval by notice in writing to the authorised deposit-taking institution.

(2) The Secretary is not to approve an authorised deposit-taking institution for the purposes of this Part unless satisfied that the institution is able to discharge the obligations of an authorised deposit-taking institution under this Part.

(3) An authorised deposit-taking institution that is the subject of an approval that is in force for the purposes of Part 7 of the Property and Stock Agents Act 2002 is taken to have been approved by the Secretary for the purposes of this Part.

s 54: Subst 2006 No 33, Sch 1 [18]. Am 2018 No 5, Sch 2.5[1].

Trust money not available to pay licensee’s debts

55 Trust money not available to pay licensee’s debts

(1) Trust money is not available for the payment of the debts of the licensee to any other creditor of the licensee, or liable to be attached or taken in execution under the order or process of any court at the instance of any other creditor of the licensee.

(2) This section does not take away or affect any just claim or lien that any licensee may have against or upon trust money.

s 55: Subst 2006 No 33, Sch 1 [18].

Licensee to notify trust account becoming overdrawn

56 Licensee to notify trust account becoming overdrawn

A licensee must, within 5 days after becoming aware that a trust account of the licensee has become overdrawn, notify the Secretary in writing of—

(a) the name and number of the account, and

(b) the amount by which the account is overdrawn, and

(c) the reason for the account becoming overdrawn.

Maximum penalty—100 penalty units.

s 56: Subst 2006 No 33, Sch 1 [18].

Interest earned on trust accounts to be paid to Statutory Interest Account

57 Interest earned on trust accounts to be paid to Statutory Interest Account

(1) Sections 90 and 91 of the Property and Stock Agents Act 2002 apply in respect of all money held in a general trust account under this Division as if—

(a) the trust account were a trust account opened and kept under section 86 of that Act, and

(b) the licensee who opened and keeps the trust account were a licensee under that Act.

Note.

Section 90 of the Property and Stock Agents Act 2002 provides for interest earned on trust accounts to be paid to the Statutory Interest Account. Section 91 requires authorised deposit-taking institutions to notify the Secretary of certain matters with respect to trust accounts kept with the institution, including the number of trust accounts opened with the institution during a month and the names of the licensees who opened the accounts.

(2) A licensee must, when opening a trust account at an authorised deposit-taking institution under this Division, ensure that the authorised deposit-taking institution is notified that the trust account is, for the purposes of sections 90 and 91 of the Property and Stock Agents Act 2002, to be regarded as a trust account required by that Act. Such a notification is, for the purposes of those sections, to be regarded as a notification that the trust account concerned is required by that Act.

s 57: Subst 2006 No 33, Sch 1 [18]. Am 2018 No 5, Sch 2.5[1].

Overdrawn trust accounts

58 Overdrawn trust accounts

When an authorised deposit-taking institution becomes aware that a trust account kept with it under this Part is overdrawn, the institution must as soon as practicable (and in any case within 5 business days) after becoming so aware inform the Secretary of the following by notice in writing—

(a) the name and business address of the licensee concerned,

(b) the name and number of the account,

(c) the date on which the account became overdrawn,

(d) the amount by which the account is overdrawn.

Maximum penalty—100 penalty units.

Dishonoured cheques

59 Dishonoured cheques

Within 5 business days of an authorised deposit-taking institution becoming aware that a cheque presented on a trust account kept with it under this Part has been dishonoured, the institution must, by notice in writing, inform the Secretary of the following—

(a) the name and business address of the licensee concerned,

(b) the name and number of the account,

(c) the amount of the dishonour,

(d) the date on which the cheque was dishonoured.

Maximum penalty—100 penalty units.

Annual certification by auditor

60 Annual certification by auditor

Not later than 31 May in each year, an authorised deposit-taking institution approved for the purposes of this Part must provide to the Secretary a certificate given by a registered company auditor (within the meaning of the Corporations Act) certifying as to the following—

(a) that the institution has complied with the requirements of this Part in relation to trust accounts kept by it under this Part during the 12 month period ending on 30 April immediately preceding that 31 May,

(b) the total amount of interest that the institution paid under this Part to the Secretary during that 12 month period in respect of those trust accounts for crediting to the Statutory Interest Account.

Maximum penalty—100 penalty units.

Protection of authorised deposit-taking institutions from liability

61 Protection of authorised deposit-taking institutions from liability

(1) An authorised deposit-taking institution—

(a) does not incur liability, and is not obliged to make inquiries, in relation to any transaction concerning an account of a licensee kept with the institution or with some other financial institution, and

(b) is, in relation to any such transaction, taken not to have any knowledge of a right of any person to money credited to such an account,

unless it would incur such a liability, be obliged to make such inquiries or be taken to have that knowledge in relation to an account kept with it in respect of a person absolutely entitled to the money held in that account.

(2) This section does not relieve an authorised deposit-taking institution from any liability or obligation that it would have apart from this Act.

(3) An authorised deposit-taking institution at which a licensee keeps an account for clients’ money does not, as regards any liability that the licensee has to the institution (other than a liability relating to that account), have a right to any of the money held in that account, whether by way of set-off, counterclaim, charge or otherwise.

Unclaimed trust money held by licensee

62 Unclaimed trust money held by licensee

(1) A licensee who in the month of January in a year holds in a trust account kept by the licensee money that was received by the licensee more than 2 years before that month must furnish to the Secretary in that month a statement (an unclaimed money statement) showing particulars of—

(a) the money so held, and

(b) each person for whom or on whose behalf the money is held, and

(c) the address last known to the licensee of each of those persons.

(2) A statement under this section is to be in the form approved by the Secretary.

s 62: Subst 2006 No 33, Sch 1 [19].

Unclaimed trust money held by former licensee or personal representative

63 Unclaimed trust money held by former licensee or personal representative

(1) A former licensee, or the personal representative of a deceased licensee, who holds money in a trust account kept under this Act must furnish to the Secretary a statement giving particulars of—

(a) the money held in the trust account as at the date on which the statement is furnished, and

(b) the names of the persons for whom or on whose behalf the money is held, and

(c) the address of each of those persons last known to the person furnishing the statement.

(2) This statement is the first statement that the former licensee or personal representative is required to furnish and it is to be furnished within 3 months after the date on which the person ceased to be a licensee or became the personal representative of the deceased licensee.

(3) The former licensee or personal representative must furnish a further statement (an unclaimed money statement) within 14 days after the period of 12 months has elapsed since the first statement was furnished.

(4) The further statement is to give particulars of the same matters as the first statement and also include particulars of any payments made from the trust account or other place where money is held since the date of the first statement.

(5) A statement under this section is to be in the form approved by the Secretary.

(6) The regulations may exempt money or a class of money from the operation of this section.

s 63: Subst 2006 No 33, Sch 1 [19].

Disposal of unclaimed money in trust accounts

64 Disposal of unclaimed money in trust accounts

(1) When the Secretary receives an unclaimed money statement under this Division, the Secretary is to—

(a) send by post or email to each person for whom or on whose behalf any money referred to in the statement is held a notice (an individual notice) in writing addressed to the person at the person’s address shown in the statement stating the particulars of the money held for or on behalf of that person, and

(b) cause notification to be published in the Gazette (a Gazette notification) stating the particulars of the money held for or on behalf of each of those persons.

(2) Each individual notice and the Gazette notification is to state that, if the money is not paid out of the trust account or other place in which it is held within 3 months after the date of publication of the Gazette notification, the person holding the money will be required to pay it to the Secretary.

(3) At any time after the expiration of that 3 months the Secretary may, by a notice in writing served personally, by email or by post on the person by whom the money is held, require that person—

(a) to pay to the Secretary any money referred to in the Gazette notification that has not been previously paid by that person out of the trust account or other place in which it is held, and

(b) to furnish to the Secretary, within such period as may be specified in the notice to the person, a statement showing particulars of any payments made out of the money referred to in the Gazette notification since the unclaimed money statement was made.

(4) The Secretary must pay any money received by the Secretary under this section into the Compensation Fund.

(5) Within 2 months after 31 December in each year, the Secretary must pay into the Consolidated Fund all money received by the Secretary and paid into the Compensation Fund under this section during the period of 12 months ending on that 31 December (less any of that money that has been paid from the Compensation Fund to the person entitled to the money).

(5A) A statement or notice may only be sent by email to a person if the person has provided an email address for receiving statements or notices of that kind.

(6) A person who fails to comply with the requirements of any notice served on the person under this section is guilty of an offence.

Maximum penalty—50 penalty units.

s 64: Subst 2006 No 33, Sch 1 [19]. Am 2017 No 25, Sch 1.10 [1]–[3]; 2017 No 63, Sch 4.11.

Repayment of unclaimed trust money

65 Repayment of unclaimed trust money

(1) The Secretary must, on application by a person entitled to an amount of money paid under this Division into the Compensation Fund or the Consolidated Fund, pay that amount to the person out of the Compensation Fund.

(2) When an amount is paid out of the Compensation Fund in respect of an amount that has been paid into the Consolidated Fund, the Treasurer must, on application by the Secretary, pay that amount to the Secretary out of the Consolidated Fund (which is appropriated accordingly) for payment into the Compensation Fund.

s 65: Subst 2006 No 33, Sch 1 [19].

Secretary may require information

66 Secretary may require information

(1) The Secretary may by notice in writing served on a licensee require the licensee to furnish to the Secretary in the manner required by the notice a statement in writing setting out full particulars as to any of the following—

(a) the name of the trust account on which the licensee operates in accordance with this Act, the name of the authorised deposit-taking institution at which the account is current, the balance of the money standing to the credit of the account as at a date specified in the notice, and particulars of all cheques drawn on the account as at such date and not presented and duly paid,

(b) any money paid by any person to the licensee or received by the licensee for or on behalf of any person in connection with the licensee’s business as a licensee and, if not still held by the licensee, the manner and time of its disbursement,

(c) any transaction by or with the licensee as a licensee.

(2) The licensee must comply with a notice under this section within 7 days after it is served on the licensee.

(3) A notice under this section cannot relate to any transaction by or with the licensee more than 3 years before the notice is served on the licensee.

s 66: Am 2006 No 33, Sch 1 [21].

Person concerned in transaction may request itemised account

67 Person concerned in transaction may request itemised account

(1) A person directly concerned in any transaction by or with a licensee in connection with the licensee’s conveyancing business may request the licensee in writing to render to the person in the manner prescribed by the regulations an itemised account of the transaction.

(2) The licensee must comply with the request within 14 days after the request is served on the licensee.

(3) A person may not request an itemised account of a transaction that took place more than 6 months before the making of the request.

Offence

68 Offence

(1) A licensee must not fail without reasonable excuse (proof of which lies on the licensee) to comply with a requirement under this Division.

(2) A licensee must not, in purported compliance with a requirement under this Division, furnish information that the licensee knows is false or misleading in a material particular.

Maximum penalty—100 penalty units.

Part 6

Records

Part 6 Records

Licensee’s records

69 Licensee’s records

(1) In this Act—

licensee’s records means records and other documents required to be kept by a licensee under this Act or the regulations.

(2) The regulations may make provision for or with respect to—

(a) requiring licensees to make and keep specified records and documents relating to the licensee’s conveyancing business, accounts kept in connection with that business and transactions carried out by the licensee or employees of the licensee in connection with conveyancing work carried out by them, and

(b) the manner and form in which such records and documents are to be kept.

(3) A provision of such a regulation may impose a penalty not exceeding 50 penalty units for a contravention of the provision.

(4) If records or documents that were licensee’s records are in the possession, custody or control of a person as a former licensee, as the personal representative of a deceased licensee, or as a result of the transfer of the business of the licensee or otherwise, those records or documents are still licensee’s records for the purposes of this Division.

(5) This Part extends to records and documents in the possession, custody or control of a person even when the records or documents are located outside the State.

Inspection of licensee’s records

70 Inspection of licensee’s records

(1) A licensee’s records are at all reasonable times open to inspection by an authorised officer.

(2) An authorised officer may require a person who has possession, custody or control of a licensee’s records—

(a) to produce the licensee’s records for inspection, and

(b) to furnish all authorities and orders to financial institutions as may be reasonably required of the person.

(3) If a licensee is absent from an office or place of business of the licensee, any employee or agent of the licensee for the time being having the apparent control or charge of the office or place of business is taken to have possession, custody or control of the licensee’s records at that office or place of business.

(4) An authorised officer may take copies of or extracts from, or make notes from, any licensee’s records produced to the authorised officer under this section and for that purpose may take temporary possession of those records.

Inspection of records of authorised deposit-taking institutions

71 Inspection of records of authorised deposit-taking institutions

(1) An authorised officer may serve on an authorised deposit-taking institution with which a licensee has deposited any money in any account (whether the licensee’s own account or a general or separate trust account) a notice, in a form approved by the Secretary and signed by the authorised officer—

(a) certifying as to the reason for serving the notice, as provided by this section, and

(b) requiring the authorised deposit-taking institution to produce to the authorised officer for inspection the records of the institution relating to the account.

(2) Each of the following is a reason for serving a notice under this section—

(a) the licensee cannot be located,

(b) the licensee has left the State,

(c) the licensee or any other person required to do so has failed to furnish any authority or order on the institution in accordance with a requirement under this Division,

(d) the licensee has ceased to be a licensee,

(e) the licensee has contravened a provision of Part 5 (Trust money).

(3) An authorised officer may take copies of or extracts from, or make notes from, any records produced to the authorised officer under this section and for that purpose may take temporary possession of those records.

s 71: Am 2006 No 33, Sch 1 [22].

Power to require production of licensee’s records

72 Power to require production of licensee’s records

(1) An authorised officer may give a written notice to a licensee or to another person that the officer reasonably believes has possession, custody or control of the licensee’s records requiring the licensee or person to produce the licensee’s records specified in the notice at the time and place specified in the notice.

(2) An authorised officer may inspect any record produced in response to a notice under this section and may take copies of or extracts from, or make notes from, any such record.

(3) A licensee does not contravene a provision of this Act if the licensee was unable to comply with the provision because an authorised officer retained possession of a record or document under this section.

Power to take possession of records to be used as evidence

73 Power to take possession of records to be used as evidence

(1) An authorised officer to whom any record is produced under this Part may take possession of the record if the authorised officer considers it necessary to do so for the purpose of obtaining evidence or protecting evidence from destruction.

(2) If an authorised officer takes possession of any record under this section, the record may be retained by the officer until the completion of any proceedings (including proceedings on appeal) in which the record may be evidence.

(3) The person from whom the record was taken must be provided, within a reasonable time after the record is taken, with a copy of the record certified by an authorised officer as a true copy.

(4) A copy of a record provided under this section is, as evidence, of equal validity to the record of which it is certified to be a copy.

Offence

74 Offence

(1) A person must not—

(a) wilfully delay or obstruct an authorised officer in the exercise of the authorised officer’s functions under this Division, or

(b) fail to comply with a requirement under this Division to produce a record or document in the person’s possession, custody, or control, or

(c) fail to comply with a requirement under this Division to furnish any authority or order reasonably required of the person under this Division, or

(d) in purported compliance with a requirement under this Division produce a document or record knowing it to be false or misleading in a material particular.

Maximum penalty—100 penalty units.

(2) A court that convicts a person of an offence under this section may, in addition to any penalty imposed, order the person to produce the records in respect of which the offence occurred to the Secretary or an authorised officer within such time as the court specifies in the order.

(3) A person who fails to produce a record in accordance with an order of a court made under this section is guilty of an offence punishable by a penalty not exceeding 10 penalty units in respect of each day that the failure continues.

Requirement for audit

75 Requirement for audit

(1) A person who is a licensee, a former licensee or the personal representative of a licensee must, within 3 months after the end of the audit period applicable to the person, cause the records and documents relating to any trust money held during that period by the person in accordance with this Act to be audited by a person qualified to act as an auditor for the purposes of this Division.

(2) The Secretary may in a particular case or class of cases by order in writing extend the period of 3 months under subsection (1).

(3) The person must retain a copy of the auditor’s report on the audit for a period of 3 years after the date on which the report was made.

(4) (Repealed)

Maximum penalty—

(a) 100 penalty units in the case of a corporation, or

(b) 50 penalty units in any other case.

s 75: Am 2006 No 33, Sch 1 [23]; 2018 No 65, Sch 5.1 [3] [4].

Audit period

76 Audit period

(1) The audit period applicable to a person is the year ending on 30 June or such other period as the Secretary may fix in respect of the person under this section.

(2) The Secretary may by order in writing served on a person fix some other period as the audit period applicable to the person.

(3) Such an order may be made on the application of the person or on the Secretary’s own initiative.

(4) Such an order may be made with such limitations as to time or circumstances, and subject to such conditions, as the Secretary considers appropriate.

Secretary required to be notified where no money held or received on behalf of another person

77 Secretary required to be notified where no money held or received on behalf of another person

(1) A licensee who in the course of the audit period applicable to the licensee neither received nor held any money for or on behalf of any other person must, within the period of 3 months after that day, notify the Secretary, in the form approved by the Secretary, of that fact.

Maximum penalty—100 penalty units.

(2) Without limiting the form of notice that may be approved under subsection (1), the form may be an electronic form accessible on a publicly available website.

s 77: Am 2017 No 25, Sch 2.2 [1] [2].

Audit obligations of partners

78 Audit obligations of partners

If the provisions of this Division are complied with by any one of the licensees in a partnership of licensees in relation to the audit of the records and documents of the partnership, each of those partners is taken to have complied with those provisions.

Qualifications of auditors

79 Qualifications of auditors

(1) A person is qualified to act as an auditor for the purposes of this Division if the person—

(a) is a registered company auditor within the meaning of the Corporations Act, or

(a1) is an authorised audit company within the meaning of the Corporations Act, or

(a2) is a member of a professional accounting body within the meaning of the Australian Securities and Investments Commission Act 2001 of the Commonwealth and holds a Public Practice Certificate or Certificate of Public Practice issued by the body, or

(b) is a person who has been nominated by the person whose records and documents are to be audited and who has been approved by the Secretary by order in writing.

(2) Such a person is not qualified to act as an auditor for the purposes of this Division if the person—

(a) is or has at any time within 2 years before the last day of the period in respect of which the audit is to be made, been an employee or partner of the person whose records or documents are to be audited, or

(b) is a licensee, or a shareholder in a corporation that is a licensee and that has not more than 20 shareholders.

s 79: Am 2014 No 88, Sch 1.4.

Duties of auditors

80 Duties of auditors

(1) An auditor appointed to make an audit for the purposes of this Division must provide a copy of the report on the audit to the Secretary—

(a) in the form and way approved by the Secretary (if any), and

(b) within 14 days after providing the report to the licensee.

(1A) If the auditor discovers any of the following in the course of making the audit, the auditor must fully set out the facts discovered in the report—

(a) any contravention of this Act or the regulations has been committed,

(b) any discrepancy relating to the trust money to which the audit relates,

(c) the records or documents concerned are not kept in such a way as to enable them to be properly audited.

(2) An auditor, or an assistant of an auditor, appointed to make an audit for the purposes of this Division must not communicate any matter which may come to the auditor’s knowledge in the course of the audit to any person except—

(a) in the course of the auditor’s duties as an auditor or assistant of an auditor, or

(b) in accordance with this section, or

(c) in the like circumstances and to the like extent as an employee of the Department is permitted under this Act to publish that information.

(3) (Repealed)

(4) An auditor must not fail without reasonable excuse (proof of which lies on the auditor) to comply with a requirement under this section.

Maximum penalty—50 penalty units.

s 80: Am 2006 No 33, Sch 1 [24]; 2016 No 27, Sch 1.6 [4]; 2017 No 25, Sch 4.1; 2018 No 65, Sch 5.1 [5] [6]; 2023 No 7, Sch 1.4[1].

80A

Secretary must make information available to other auditors

80A Secretary must make information available to other auditors

(1) The Secretary must make a relevant document available for inspection by an auditor appointed to make an audit of the records and documents of a person who has been the subject of an earlier audit.

(2) In this section—

audit means an audit carried out for the purposes of this Division.

relevant document means either of the following that relate to the person the subject of the audit—

(a) a report on an audit received under section 80(1),

(b) a notice given to the Secretary under section 77.

s 80A: Ins 2023 No 7, Sch 1.4[2].

Definitions

81 Definitions

In this Division—

account means—

(a) a trust account in a licensee’s name with a financial institution, or

(b) an account in a licensee’s name or in which a licensee has an interest with a financial institution, or

(c) another account to which trust money is deposited.

financial institution includes an approved deposit-taking institution.

holder of an account means the licensee or other person authorised to operate on the account.

licensee includes a former licensee and the personal representative of a deceased licensee.

trust money means money received for or on behalf of any person by a licensee (whether or not the money is deposited in a trust account required to be kept by a licensee).

Secretary may freeze licensee’s accounts in particular cases

82 Secretary may freeze licensee’s accounts in particular cases

(1) A direction under this Division may be given when it appears to the Secretary that any of the following persons has, or may have, stolen, misappropriated or misapplied trust money—

(a) a licensee,

(b) the person in charge of a licensee’s business at a place,

(c) an employee of a licensee.

(2) The Secretary may by direction in writing direct that—

(a) if a claim has been made against the Fund concerning the trust money, all or part of the amount to the credit of a specified account be paid to the Secretary, or

(b) an amount must not be drawn from a specified account other than with the Secretary’s written approval, or

(c) a specified account may be operated only under specified conditions.

(3) The direction must be given to each holder of the account and the financial institution at which the account is kept, and must identify the account to which it relates.

(4) Any amount paid to the Secretary pursuant to such a direction must be paid into the Fund.

Financial institution must comply with direction

83 Financial institution must comply with direction

(1) A financial institution to which a direction under this Division is given (whether or not the direction has been given to anyone else) must not, while the direction is in force—

(a) pay a cheque or other instrument drawn on the account concerned unless the cheque or instrument is also signed by the Secretary or a person authorised by the Secretary for the purposes of this section, or

(b) give effect to another transaction on the account that is not authorised because of the direction.

Maximum penalty—500 penalty units.

(2) The signature of the Secretary or authorised person on a cheque or other instrument is sufficient evidence of the Secretary’s approval to draw an amount from the account to honour the cheque or other instrument.

(3) A manager or principal officer in charge of an office or branch of the financial institution where an account is kept, or another officer of the financial institution, must not knowingly permit a contravention of this section by the financial institution.

Maximum penalty—100 penalty units or imprisonment for 12 months, or both.

(4) A person to whom a direction is given does not incur a civil liability to another person by reason only of complying with the direction.

Account not to be operated unless Secretary allows

84 Account not to be operated unless Secretary allows

After a direction under this Division has been given to the holder of an account, the holder must not (while the direction remains in force) sign a cheque or other instrument drawn on the account unless the cheque or other instrument has first been signed by the Secretary or a person authorised by the Secretary to sign the cheque or instrument.

Maximum penalty—100 penalty units or imprisonment for 12 months, or both.

Secretary may operate account

85 Secretary may operate account

(1) The Secretary or a person authorised in writing by the Secretary (an authorised person) may operate on an account that is the subject of a direction under this Division if the holder of the account refuses to operate the account.

(2) A statutory declaration made by the Secretary or authorised person to the effect that the account holder is refusing to operate on the account is sufficient evidence to the licensee’s financial institution of that fact.

Withdrawal of direction

86 Withdrawal of direction

(1) A direction remains in force until it is withdrawn.

(2) The Secretary may withdraw a direction under this Division at any time.

(3) When a direction is withdrawn, the Secretary is to give all persons who were given the direction a notice that the direction has been withdrawn. Failure to give notice does not affect the withdrawal of the direction.

Part 7

Compensation Fund

Part 7 Compensation Fund

pt 7, hdg: Subst 2025 No 17, Sch 1[6].

Definition

87 Definition

In this Part—

PASA Act means the Property and Stock Agents Act 2002.

s 87: Am 2018 No 5, Sch 2.5[2].

Claims can be made against Compensation Fund

88 Claims can be made against Compensation Fund

(1) Part 10 of the PASA Act applies to and in respect of a failure to account (within the meaning of that Part) arising from any act or omission of a licensee under this Act that occurs on or after the commencement of this Act, as if the licensee were a licensee under the PASA Act.

(2) For that purpose, a licensee under this Act is taken to be a licensee within the meaning of the PASA Act and a licence under this Act is taken to be a licence within the meaning of the PASA Act.

(3) Section 169 (4) of the PASA Act is not applicable to a person as a licensee under this Act.

s 88: Am 2018 No 5, Sch 2.5[3].

Contributions to Compensation Fund

89 Contributions to Compensation Fund

(1) A holder of a licence must pay the contribution and levy required to be paid from time to time under the PASA Act, Part 10, Division 2.

(2) The payments must be made at the times and in the way required by the Secretary.

(3) A payment may be required from a person in anticipation of the person becoming the holder of a licence.

Example—

an applicant for a licence

(4) The Secretary may suspend a licence if—

(a) a payment must be made by the holder of the licence under this section, and

(b) the payment is outstanding.

s 89: Am 2018 No 5, Sch 2.5[3]. Subst 2025 No 17, Sch 1[7].

Part 8

Management and receivership

Part 8 Management and receivership

Definitions

90 Definitions

In this Part—

associate, in relation to a licensee, has the meaning given to it by section 91.

expenses of management or receivership means—

(a) the remuneration payable to the manager or receiver, or

(b) the expenses incurred in the course of the management or receivership, or

(c) the costs of legal proceedings involved in the management or receivership, or

(d) any reimbursement of the manager or receiver under this Part.

failure to account has the meaning given to it by section 92.

licensee includes—

(a) a firm of licensees, and

(b) a former licensee, and

(c) in relation to anything done or omitted by a licensee—a deceased licensee and a deceased former licensee, and

(d) except in relation to anything done or omitted by a licensee—the personal representative of a deceased licensee or a deceased former licensee.

Operating Account means the Office of Fair Trading Operating Account or a departmental account prescribed by the regulations for the purposes of this definition.

property of a licensee means—

(a) money or other property received by the licensee on behalf of another person in the conduct of a conveyancing business, or

(b) interest, dividends, income, profits or other property derived from or acquired with money or other property referred to in paragraph (a), or

(c) documents and records of any description relating to anything referred to in paragraph (a) or (b) or to the licensee’s conveyancing business, or

(d) any means by which any records referred to in paragraph (c) that are not written may be reproduced in writing,

and, in relation to a licensee whose conveyancing business is under management, includes any property of the business.

receivable property means property of a licensee or an associate of a licensee that is the subject of an order appointing a receiver, and includes property that, but for its having being taken, paid or transferred unlawfully or in breach of trust, would be receivable property.

receiver means a receiver appointed by the Supreme Court under this Part.

relevant associate means a licensee’s associate of whose property a receiver has been appointed under this Part.

relevant licensee means a licensee of whose property a receiver has been appointed.

Associates of a licensee

91 Associates of a licensee

(1) In this Part, a reference to a licensee’s associate is a reference to—

(a) a partner of the licensee, or

(b) an employee or agent of the licensee, or

(c) a corporation, or a member of a corporation, partnership, syndicate or joint venture, in which the licensee or a person referred to in paragraph (a), (b) or (d) has a beneficial interest, or

(d) a person who bears a prescribed relationship to the licensee or to a person referred to in paragraphs (a)–(c), or

(e) a corporation that (if a person referred to in paragraphs (b)–(d) is a corporation) is a subsidiary of the person within the meaning of the Corporations Act, or

(f) a person declared by the regulations to be an associate of the licensee or belonging to a class of persons so declared.

(2) For the purposes of subsection (1) (d), a person bears a prescribed relationship to a licensee or other person if the relationship is that of—

(a) a spouse, or

(b) a de facto partner, or

(c) a child, grandchild, sibling, parent or grandparent, whether derived through paragraph (a) or (b) or otherwise, or

(d) a kind prescribed by the regulations for the purposes of this section.

Note.

“De facto partner” is defined in section 21C of the Interpretation Act 1987.

s 91: Am 2003 No 40, Sch 2.8; 2010 No 19, Sch 3.23 [1] [2].

Failure to account

92 Failure to account

(1) In this Part, failure to account means a failure by a licensee to account for, pay or deliver money or other valuable property—

(a) that has been received by or entrusted to the licensee, or an associate of the licensee, in the course of the licensee’s conveyancing business, and

(b) that is, in the case of money or other valuable property received by or entrusted to an associate of the licensee, under the direct or indirect control of the licensee,

being a failure that arises from an act or omission of the licensee or associate.

(2) The reference in the definition of failure to account in subsection (1) to money or other valuable property received by or entrusted to a licensee includes a reference to money or other valuable property that is received by or entrusted to the licensee as trustee, agent, bailee or stakeholder, or in any other capacity.

Appointment of manager

93 Appointment of manager

(1) The Secretary may appoint a manager for a licensee’s conveyancing business in any of the following cases if the Secretary is of the opinion that it is necessary to make the appointment in order to protect the interests of other persons—

(a) the licensee has made a request to the Secretary for the appointment of a manager,

(b) the licensee’s licence has been cancelled or is under suspension,

(c) the Secretary is of the opinion (whether as a consequence of a determination by the Secretary under Part 10 of the Property and Stock Agents Act 2002 as applied by section 88 of this Act or otherwise) that there has been, or that there may have been, a failure to account by the licensee,

(d) the Secretary is of the opinion that a person is unable to obtain payment or delivery of property held by the licensee because the licensee—

(i) is mentally or physically infirm, or

(ii) is bankrupt, has applied to take the benefit of any law for the relief of bankrupt or insolvent debtors, has compounded with his or her creditors or has made an assignment of his or her remuneration for their benefit, or

(iii) is an inmate within the meaning of the Crimes (Administration of Sentences) Act 1999, or

(iv) has died, or

(v) has abandoned his or her conveyancing business.

(2) In the case of a conveyancing business that is conducted by 2 or more licensees in partnership, a reference in subsection (1) to a licensee is to be read as a reference to all of the licensees in the partnership.

(3) The terms of appointment of a manager must specify the remuneration to which the manager is to be entitled in connection with the management of the conveyancing business for which the manager is appointed.

s 93: Am 2018 No 5, Sch 2.5[1].

Qualifications for appointment as a manager

94 Qualifications for appointment as a manager

A person is not eligible to be appointed as the manager of a licensee’s conveyancing business unless the person is—

(a) a licensee who holds a licence that is not subject to a condition of the kind referred to in section 14 (b) or (c), or

(b) an Australian legal practitioner who holds an unrestricted practising certificate.

Note.

Section 14 (b) and (c) provide for the grant of licences subject to conditions prohibiting the licensee from carrying out conveyancing work in relation to specific kinds of transaction or except in relation to specified kinds of transaction.

s 94: Am 2005 No 46, Sch 11.3 [9].

Powers of a manager

95 Powers of a manager

(1) The manager of a licensee’s conveyancing business may, subject to subsection (2) and to the terms of his or her appointment—

(a) carry out conveyancing work on behalf of the existing clients of the business, and

(b) accept instructions from, and carry out conveyancing work on behalf of, new clients, and

(c) dispose of, and otherwise deal with, any property in relation to the business, and

(c1) wind up the affairs of the business, and

(d) exercise any right in the nature of a lien over property held by the manager on behalf of the clients of the business, and

(e) incur such expenses as are reasonably related to the conduct or winding up of the business, and

(f) do all such things as are ancillary to the exercise of the powers referred to in paragraphs (a)–(e),

as if he or she were the licensee to whom the business belongs.

(2) The manager of a licensee’s conveyancing business may not exercise any of the functions conferred by this section in relation to the affairs of a client of the business unless the client’s consent has been obtained to the manager’s exercise of those functions.

s 95: Am 2008 No 62, Sch 1.5 [1] [2].

Management continues under receivership

96 Management continues under receivership

(1) The manager of a licensee’s conveyancing business may continue to exercise his or her functions under this Division even if a receiver is appointed under Division 3 in respect of the licensee’s property.

(2) The manager of a licensee’s conveyancing business for which a receiver is appointed must comply with any lawful direction given by the receiver in connection with the conduct of the business.

Acts of manager to be taken to be acts of licensee

97 Acts of manager to be taken to be acts of licensee

(1) An act done by the manager of a licensee’s conveyancing business is, for the purposes of any proceedings or transaction that relies on that act, taken to have been done by the licensee.

(2) Nothing in this section subjects a licensee to any personal liability in relation to any act done by the manager of the licensee’s conveyancing business.

Manager may be reimbursed

98 Manager may be reimbursed

(1) The Secretary may reimburse a manager for any damages and costs recovered against the manager, or an employee or agent of the manager, for an act or omission done or omitted in good faith and in the purported exercise of a function under this Act.

(2) Reimbursement under this section is to be by way of payment from the Operating Account.

(3) Neither the manager of a licensee’s conveyancing business nor the Secretary is liable for any loss incurred by the licensee as a consequence of any act or omission of the manager or the Secretary in the conduct of the business if the act or omission was done or omitted in good faith and in the purported exercise of a function under this Act.

Payment of expenses of management

99 Payment of expenses of management

(1) So much of the expenses of the management of a licensee’s conveyancing business as have not otherwise been paid to the manager out of the receipts of the business are to be paid to the manager by the Secretary from the Operating Account.

(2) An amount paid under this section is recoverable by the Secretary as a debt owed by the relevant licensee.

100

Manager to report to Secretary

100 Manager to report to Secretary

(1) The manager of a licensee’s conveyancing business must report to the Secretary on the management of the business. A report must be made at such times as the Secretary directs and be in accordance with any directions given by the Secretary.

(2) A report is to include such information as the Secretary directs.

(3) On the conclusion of the management of a licensee’s conveyancing business, the manager must, when giving the Secretary his or her final report, lodge with the Secretary all the manager’s records that relate to the management.

101

Trust money

101 Trust money

(1) Part 6 (Records) applies to the accounts kept by a manager in the same way as it applies to the accounts kept by a licensee.

(2) The trust accounts of a conveyancing business under management are to be maintained separately from the trust accounts of any other conveyancing business under management.

s 101: Am 2006 No 33, Sch 1 [25].

102

Office accounts

102 Office accounts

The regulations may make provision with respect to—

(a) the accounts that are to be kept in relation to the income accrued, and the expenses incurred, by the manager of a licensee’s conveyancing business in connection with the conduct of the business, and

(b) the purposes for which money in any such account may be expended.

103

Termination of management

103 Termination of management

When a licensee’s conveyancing business ceases to be under management, any money held by the manager in connection with the business (after reimbursement of any money paid out of the Operating Account in connection with the management of the business and after payment of the expenses of the management of the business) becomes the property of the licensee.

104

Obstruction of managers

104 Obstruction of managers

A person must not hinder, obstruct or delay a manager in the exercise of his or her functions under this Division.

Maximum penalty—100 penalty units.

105

Supreme Court may appoint receiver

105 Supreme Court may appoint receiver

(1) The Supreme Court may, on the application of the Secretary, appoint a receiver of all or any of the property of a licensee and may make the appointment whether or not the licensee has been notified of the application or is a party to the proceedings.

(2) Such an application may be made by the Secretary only if—

(a) the licensee has made a request to the Secretary for the appointment of a receiver, or

(b) the licensee’s licence has been cancelled or suspended, or

(c) the Secretary is of the opinion (whether as a consequence of a determination by the Secretary under Part 10 of the Property and Stock Agents Act 2002 as applied by section 88 of this Act or otherwise) that there has been, or that there may have been, a failure to account by the licensee, or

(d) the Secretary is of the opinion that a person is unable to obtain payment or delivery of property held by the licensee because the licensee—

(i) is mentally or physically infirm, or

(ii) is bankrupt, has applied to take the benefit of any law for the relief of bankrupt or insolvent debtors, has compounded with his or her creditors or has made an assignment of his or her remuneration for their benefit, or

(iii) is an inmate within the meaning of the Crimes (Administration of Sentences) Act 1999, or

(iv) has died, or

(v) has abandoned his or her conveyancing business,

and if the Secretary is of the opinion that it is necessary for the application to be made in order to protect the interests of other persons.

(3) Nothing in this Division prevents a manager of a licensee’s conveyancing business from being appointed as a receiver of the licensee’s property.

s 105: Am 2018 No 5, Sch 2.5[1].

106

Receivership may extend to property of licensee’s associate

106 Receivership may extend to property of licensee’s associate

If, on the application of a receiver, the Supreme Court is satisfied that all or any of the property of a licensee’s associate should be declared to be receivable property, the Court may appoint the receiver to be the receiver of all or any of that property.

107

Court to be closed

107 Court to be closed

(1) Before commencing to hear an application for the appointment of a receiver, the Supreme Court may order from the precincts of the Court any person who is not—

(a) an officer of the Court, or

(b) a party, a legal representative of a party or a clerk of such a legal representative, or

(c) a member of the same firm of licensees as the respondent, or

(d) a person who is in the course of giving evidence, or

(e) a person permitted by the Court to be present in the interests of justice.

(2) The Supreme Court may, whether or not at the instance of a party, prohibit the publication of any report relating to the evidence or other proceedings or of any order made on the hearing of an application for the appointment of a receiver.

108

Order to be served

108 Order to be served

(1) On the appointment of a receiver, the Secretary is to cause a copy of the order of appointment to be served on—

(a) the relevant licensee or relevant associate, and

(b) any other person on whom the Supreme Court directs a copy of the order to be served.

(2) The Supreme Court may give directions as to the manner of service and may dispense with service if it thinks fit.

109

Receiver may take possession of property

109 Receiver may take possession of property

(1) A receiver may take possession of receivable property of the relevant licensee or relevant associate.

(2) A person in possession, or having control, of receivable property must permit the receiver to take possession of the property if required by the receiver to do so.

(3) If a person fails to comply with such a requirement, the Supreme Court may, on the application of the receiver, order the person to deliver the property to the receiver.

(4) If, on the application of a receiver, the Supreme Court is satisfied that such an order has not been complied with, the Court—

(a) may order the seizure of any receivable property located on premises specified in the order, and

(b) may make such further order in the matter as it thinks fit.

(5) An order under subsection (4) (a) authorises—

(a) any police officer, or

(b) the receiver, or a person authorised by the receiver, together with any police officer,

to enter the premises specified in the order and to search for, seize and remove any property that appears to be receivable property.

(6) An application by a receiver under subsection (3) may be made—

(a) in the case of property in the possession, or under the control, of the relevant licensee or relevant associate—in the name of the receiver, or

(b) in any other case—in the name of the relevant licensee or relevant associate.

(7) A receiver must, as soon as possible, return property seized under this section if it transpires that it is not receivable property.

110

Information about receivable property

110 Information about receivable property

(1) A person who has information relating to receivable property, or property that a receiver believes on reasonable grounds to be receivable property, must give the information to the receiver if required by the receiver to do so.

Maximum penalty—100 penalty units.

(2) A licensee who has any such information may not refuse to comply with such a requirement merely because the information was obtained in confidence from a client or former client of the licensee.

(3) A person who complies with a requirement under this section is not, merely because of that compliance, subject to any liability, claim or demand.

(4) Information given to a receiver under this section is not admissible as evidence in any legal proceedings, other than—

(a) proceedings taken by a receiver for the recovery of receivable property, or

(b) proceedings taken under this Part, or

(c) proceedings taken under Part 5 (Trust money) against a licensee—

(i) if the information was given to the receiver otherwise than by the licensee, or

(ii) if the information was given to the receiver by the licensee and is given in evidence in those proceedings with the licensee’s consent.

s 110: Am 2006 No 33, Sch 1 [26].

111

Stop order on account

111 Stop order on account

(1) A receiver who believes on reasonable grounds that money held in an account with an authorised deposit-taking institution is receivable property may serve on the institution concerned an order (in this section referred to as a stop order) prohibiting operations on the account by any person other than the receiver or a person authorised by the receiver.

(2) A stop order may be served by leaving it with the manager, accountant or other person appearing to be in charge at the branch of the authorised deposit-taking institution at which the account is kept, but has no effect unless there is annexed to it a copy of the order appointing the receiver.

(3) An authorised deposit-taking institution served with a stop order—

(a) must permit the receiver, or a person authorised by the receiver, to operate on the account to which the order relates, and

(b) must not permit any withdrawal from the account otherwise than by, or by the authority of, the receiver.

(4) A receiver may transfer money from an account the subject of a stop order to another account with the authorised deposit-taking institution in the name of the receiver to be dealt with as receivable property.

(5) The authorised deposit-taking institution has the same obligations and protections—

(a) in relation to an account the subject of a stop order, and

(b) in relation to an account to which money in such an account is transferred,

as if the receiver were the relevant licensee or relevant associate.

112

Improper dealing with property

112 Improper dealing with property

A person must not, with intent to defeat the purposes of this Division—

(a) operate on an account at an authorised deposit-taking institution, or

(b) destroy or conceal receivable property or property that is likely to become receivable property, or

(c) move receivable property, or property that is likely to become receivable property, from one place to another, or

(d) deliver possession of receivable property, or property that is likely to become receivable property, to another person, or

(e) deliver control of receivable property, or property that is likely to become receivable property, to another person.

Maximum penalty—100 penalty units.

113

Recovery of compensation for disposal of receivable property

113 Recovery of compensation for disposal of receivable property

(1) If receivable property has at any time been taken by, or paid or transferred to, a person unlawfully or in breach of trust in circumstances in which—

(a) the person knew or believed at the time that the taking, payment or transfer was unlawful or in breach of trust, or

(b) there was no consideration for the taking, payment or transfer, or

(c) there was inadequate consideration for the taking, payment or transfer, or

(d) the person became indebted or otherwise liable to the relevant licensee or relevant associate, or to a client of the licensee, as a result of the taking, payment or transfer,

the receiver may recover from the person, as a debt, the amount taken, paid or transferred, the amount of the inadequacy or the amount of the debt, as the case may be.

(2) A person from whom an amount is recovered under subsection (1) is not liable to any other person in respect of the amount.

(3) If receivable property has at any time been paid or transferred unlawfully or in breach of trust to, or for the benefit of, a person in respect of a cause of action the person claims to have against another person, the receiver—

(a) may recover from the person as a debt the amount of the payment or the value of the property, or

(b) to the extent to which the full amount or value is not recovered from the person under paragraph (a)—may take such proceedings in relation to the claimed cause of action as the person could have taken.

(4) If a receiver takes proceedings under subsection (3) (b) in relation to a cause of action claimed by a person, the receiver may not later take proceedings under subsection (3) (a) to recover property paid or transferred to the person in respect of the same cause of action.

(5) If receivable property is used unlawfully or in breach of trust to discharge a debt or liability of a person, the receiver may recover from the person as a debt the amount that was required for the discharge of the debt or liability, reduced by the value of any consideration provided by the person for the discharge.

(6) Recovery proceedings under this section may be taken in the name of the receiver or in the name of any other person who, had the receiver not been appointed, would have been entitled to take the proceedings.

114

Receiver may give certificate

114 Receiver may give certificate

(1) A receiver, or a person authorised by the Secretary, may give a certificate as to any one or more of the following—

(a) the receipt of property by a licensee or a licensee’s associate, the nature and value of the property received, the date of its receipt by the licensee or associate and the identity of the person from whom it was received,

(b) the taking or transfer of property, the nature and value of the property, the date of its taking or transfer and the identity of the person by whom it was taken or to whom it was transferred,

(c) the payment of money, the amount of money paid, the date of the payment and the identity of the person who received the payment,

(d) the entries made in the records of a licensee or a licensee’s associate and the truth or falsity of the entries,

(e) the use of property unlawfully or in breach of trust.

(2) A certificate under this section is admissible in any proceedings taken by a receiver under this Division and is evidence of the matters specified in the certificate.

115

Receiver is taken to be beneficially entitled

115 Receiver is taken to be beneficially entitled

(1) Proceedings taken under this Division in the name of a receiver in relation to any property may be so taken as if the receiver were beneficially entitled to the property.

(2) If receivable property has been taken by, or paid or transferred to, a person or otherwise used unlawfully or in breach of trust, a receiver may take proceedings in the name of the receiver as if the receiver were beneficially entitled to the property at the time the property was so taken, paid, transferred or used.

116

Receiver may deal with property

116 Receiver may deal with property

(1) A receiver may deal with receivable property in any manner in which the relevant licensee or relevant associate could, had the receiver not been appointed, have dealt with it.

(2) A receiver must, as soon as possible after receiving receivable property, vest the property in the person on whose behalf it was held by the relevant licensee or relevant associate.

117

Other powers of receiver

117 Other powers of receiver

(1) A receiver—

(a) may prove, grant, claim or draw a dividend in respect of a debt that is receivable property, and

(b) may take proceedings to recover damages for a tort committed in relation to receivable property, and

(c) may give a receipt for money that is receivable property, and

(d) may employ a person to advise or act in relation to receivable property,

in the name of the receiver or in the name of the relevant licensee or relevant associate.

(2) A receipt given to a person under subsection (1) (c) discharges the person from any responsibility to see to the application of the money for which the receipt was given.

(3) A receiver is not, in the exercise of his or her functions as a receiver, a personal representative of a deceased licensee.

118

Notice to claim receivable property

118 Notice to claim receivable property

(1) A receiver may give notice to—

(a) the relevant licensee or relevant associate, or

(b) any other person,

that any claim the licensee, associate or other person has to receivable property must be submitted to the receiver within 1 month after the giving of the notice or within such longer period as is stated in the notice.

(2) A claim submitted in response to such a notice must state—

(a) full particulars of the property, and

(b) the grounds of the claim.

(3) A receiver may disregard a claim made by a licensee, a licensee’s associate or any other person who has been given a notice under this section if the claim is not made in accordance with the notice.

(4) The relevant licensee or relevant associate is not entitled—

(a) to enforce a claim to receivable property, or

(b) except against a client—to the benefit of a lien against a document that is receivable property,

unless all other enforceable claims against the property have been satisfied and the expenses of the receivership paid.

119

Lien for costs on receivable property

119 Lien for costs on receivable property

(1) If a licensee claims a lien for costs on receivable property, the receiver may serve on the licensee a written notice requiring the licensee to give to the receiver, within a specified period of not less than one month—

(a) particulars sufficient to identify the property, and

(b) a detailed itemised account relating to the amount in respect of which each lien is claimed.

(2) If the licensee requests the receiver in writing to allow access to such records as may be reasonably necessary to enable the preparation of the itemised account, the time allowed for providing the itemised account does not begin to run until access to those records is provided.

(3) If a requirement of a notice under this section is not complied with, the receiver may disregard the claim in dealing with the property claimed to be subject to a lien.

120

Examination by receiver

120 Examination by receiver

(1) The Supreme Court may, on the application of a receiver, make such order as it thinks fit for the examination by the receiver of a licensee or other person in relation to receivable property.

(2) On an examination under this section—

(a) the licensee or other person may be legally represented, and

(b) the Supreme Court may put, or allow to be put, to the licensee or other person such questions as it thinks fit.

(3) The licensee or other person may be examined on oath or affirmation.

(4) The licensee or other person is compellable to answer all questions asked in the course of the examination, including any question to which an objection is made on the ground that the answer would tend to incriminate the licensee or other person.

(5) An answer given by a licensee or other person to a question to which such an objection is made is not admissible in any criminal proceedings other than proceedings relating to the falsity of the answer.

s 120: Am 2005 No 46, Sch 11.3 [10].

121

Property not dealt with by receiver

121 Property not dealt with by receiver

(1) If receivable property under the control of the receiver has not been dealt with in accordance with this Division, the receiver must cause notice of that fact to be given to the Secretary and—

(a) if the Secretary so requires within one month after the notice is given—must transfer and deliver the property to the Secretary, or

(b) if no such requirement is made—must transfer and deliver the property to the relevant licensee or relevant associate.

(2) If property other than money is transferred or delivered to the Secretary under this section, the Secretary—

(a) must deal with it as the Supreme Court directs, and

(b) if the property is sold—must treat the proceeds as money paid to the Secretary under this section.

(3) The Secretary must apply money paid to the Secretary under this section—

(a) firstly—towards the satisfaction of wholly or partly unsatisfied claims against the relevant licensee, and

(b) secondly—in payment of the expenses of the receivership.

(4) Any money paid to the Secretary under this section that is surplus to the requirements of this section must be paid to the relevant licensee or relevant associate.

122

Investment of money by receiver

122 Investment of money by receiver

(1) A receiver may invest receivable property in any manner in which trustees are authorised by the Trustee Act 1925 to invest trust funds.

(2) Income received from an investment under this section, and any profit made on the sale of such an investment, is receivable property.

123

Receiver may be reimbursed for damages

123 Receiver may be reimbursed for damages

(1) The Secretary may reimburse a receiver for any damages or costs recovered against the receiver, or an employee or agent of the receiver, for any act or omission done or omitted in good faith and in the purported exercise of the receiver’s functions.

(2) Reimbursement under this section is to be by way of payment from the Operating Account.

124

Payment of expenses of receivership

124 Payment of expenses of receivership

(1) So much of the expenses of receivership as have not otherwise been paid to the receiver are to be paid to the receiver by the Secretary from the Operating Account.

(2) An amount paid under this section may be recovered by the Secretary from the relevant licensee as a debt.

(3) If the Secretary and a receiver fail to agree on the remuneration to be paid to the receiver, the Supreme Court may, on the application of the Secretary or the receiver, determine the amount to be paid.

(4) The Supreme Court, on the application of the relevant licensee—

(a) may re-open any agreement between the Secretary and a receiver for remuneration of the receiver, and

(b) may determine the amount to be paid.

125

Supreme Court may review expenses of receivership

125 Supreme Court may review expenses of receivership

(1) If, on the application of the relevant licensee, the Supreme Court is satisfied that the expenses of the receivership are excessive, the Supreme Court may order the taking of accounts between the Secretary and the receiver.

(2) After the taking of accounts, the Supreme Court—

(a) may relieve the relevant licensee from payment of any amount in excess of that determined by the Supreme Court to be fairly payable, or

(b) if the receiver has been paid, or allowed on account, an amount that includes such an excess—may order the receiver to repay the excess.

126

Receivable property not to be attached

126 Receivable property not to be attached

The receivable property of a relevant licensee or relevant associate is not liable to be taken in execution of any judgment, order or other process of any court or tribunal.

127

Applications for directions by receiver, licensee etc

127 Applications for directions by receiver, licensee etc

(1) A receiver, a licensee or a licensee’s associate who holds receivable property, or a person who claims receivable property so held, may apply to the Supreme Court for directions as to the performance of the receiver’s functions.

(2) On an application under this section, the Supreme Court may give such directions as it thinks fit.

128

Supreme Court may give general directions to receiver

128 Supreme Court may give general directions to receiver

(1) The Supreme Court—

(a) may authorise a receiver to do such things in the exercise of the receiver’s functions as the Supreme Court considers appropriate, and

(b) may give directions for the exercise of any such authority.

(2) A receiver must exercise any authority so conferred in accordance with any direction so given.

129

Receiver to report to Supreme Court and Secretary

129 Receiver to report to Supreme Court and Secretary

(1) A receiver must, at such times and in respect of such periods as the Supreme Court directs, submit reports on the receivership to the Supreme Court and the Secretary.

(2) A report is to deal with such matters as the Supreme Court directs and with such other matters as the receiver considers appropriate to include in the report.

(3) On the conclusion of a receivership, the receiver must lodge with the Supreme Court all of the receiver’s records that relate to the receivership.

(4) Unless the Supreme Court orders their destruction, records lodged under this section are to remain in the custody of the Court.

130

Termination of appointment of receiver

130 Termination of appointment of receiver

(1) The Supreme Court—

(a) may terminate the appointment of a receiver, and

(b) may, if it thinks fit, appoint a new receiver either immediately or at any time within the next 14 days.

(2) The former receiver must transfer or deliver the receivable property—

(a) if a new receiver is appointed—to the new receiver in accordance with any directions given by the Supreme Court, or

(b) if a new receiver is not appointed and if the relevant licensee or relevant associate so requires by notice in writing served on the receiver—to the licensee or associate.

Maximum penalty—50 penalty units.

(3) The receivable property must, in accordance with any directions given by the Supreme Court, be transferred or delivered as soon as possible after the former receiver’s appointment is terminated.

(4) A former receiver is not required to comply with the requirements of this section unless—

(a) the expenses of the receivership have been paid to the Secretary, or

(b) the Secretary otherwise directs in relation to those expenses.

(5) Subject to any direction given by the Supreme Court, a former receiver may transfer or deliver receivable property to the relevant licensee or relevant associate without having been given a notice under subsection (2) (b).

131

Obstruction of receivers

131 Obstruction of receivers

A person must not hinder, obstruct or delay a receiver in the exercise of his or her functions under this Division.

Maximum penalty—100 penalty units.

Part 9

Complaints and disciplinary action

Part 9 Complaints and disciplinary action

132

Grounds for disciplinary action

132 Grounds for disciplinary action

(1) Disciplinary action under this Part can be taken against a person who is or was the holder of a licence on any one or more of the following grounds—

(a) the person has contravened a provision of this Act or any other Act administered by the Minister (including any provision of the Australian Consumer Law (NSW)), or the regulations under any such Act, whether or not the person has been prosecuted or convicted of an offence in respect of the contravention,

(a1) the person has, in respect of the person’s conduct of business or exercise of functions under the licence, contravened the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 of the Commonwealth,

(b) the person has failed to observe any rules of conduct prescribed by the regulations under section 22,

(c) the person has contravened a condition of the licence,

(d) the person is a disqualified person or is otherwise not eligible under section 8 to hold a licence,

(e) the person is not a fit and proper person to be involved in the direction, management or conduct of the business of a licensee,

(f) without limiting paragraphs (d) and (e), the person is (because of physical or mental illness or infirmity) unfit to carry out conveyancing work and it is in the public interest that disciplinary action be taken,

(g) the person has failed to pay any part of a contribution or levy that is due and payable under section 89,

(h) the person has breached an undertaking given by the person to the Secretary under this Act or the Fair Trading Act 1987, in respect of the person’s conduct of business or exercise of functions under the licence,

(i) the person has failed to comply with a direction given to the person by the Secretary pursuant to the taking of disciplinary action under this Part,

(j) the person has failed to pay a monetary penalty imposed on the person by the Secretary pursuant to the taking of disciplinary action under this Part,

(k) the issue of the person’s licence was obtained by fraud or mistake,

(l) any other ground specified in the regulations as a ground for the taking of disciplinary action against a person under this Act.

(2) For the purposes of subsection (1) (f), a person is unfit to carry out conveyancing work only if the person, because of his or her physical or mental illness or infirmity, is unable to carry out the inherent requirements of conveyancing work.

(3) The following are to be taken into account in determining whether a person is unable to carry out the inherent requirements of conveyancing work—

(a) the person’s past training, qualifications and experience relevant to such work,

(b) if the person is already carrying out such work—the person’s performance in carrying out such work,

(c) all other factors that it is reasonable to take into account.

s 132: Am 2018 No 65, Sch 9.1 [2] [3]; 2025 No 17, Sch 1[8].

133

Disciplinary action

133 Disciplinary action

(1) Each of the following actions is disciplinary action that the Secretary can take against a person under this Act—

(a) caution or reprimand the person,

(b) give a direction to the person requiring the person to give a specified undertaking to the Secretary as to the manner in which the person will conduct the conveyancing business or exercise functions under the person’s licence,

(c) give a direction to the person requiring the person to take specified action within a specified time in connection with the conduct of the conveyancing business or the exercise of functions under a licence,

(d) impose a monetary penalty on the person of an amount not exceeding 200 penalty units in the case of a corporation or 100 penalty units in any other case,

(e) impose a condition on the person’s licence,

(f) suspend the person’s licence for a period that does not exceed the unexpired term of the licence,

(g) cancel the person’s licence,

(h) declare the person to be a disqualified person for the purposes of this Act, either permanently or for a specified period,

(i) disqualify the person from being involved in the direction, management or conduct of the conveyancing business.

(2) A power conferred by this Act to take disciplinary action against a person is a power to take any one or more of the actions that constitute disciplinary action.

(3) When a licence is suspended, it is taken not to be in force except for such provisions of this Act or the regulations as the regulations may prescribe as provisions that remain applicable to a suspended licence.

134

Decision to take no further action

134 Decision to take no further action

The Secretary may at any stage of a matter that is the subject of consideration by the Secretary under this Part determine to take no further action in respect of the matter, whether or not the matter is the subject of a complaint or a show cause notice and whether or not the Secretary determines that there are grounds for taking disciplinary action in connection with the matter.

135

Complaints

135 Complaints

(1) Any person may make a complaint to the Secretary setting out matters that are alleged to constitute grounds for taking disciplinary action against a person under this Act.

(2) Action can be taken under this Part whether or not a complaint has been made.

136

Show cause notice

136 Show cause notice

(1) The Secretary may serve a show cause notice on a person if the Secretary is of the opinion that there is reasonable cause to believe that there are grounds for taking disciplinary action against the person.

(2) A show cause notice is a notice requiring a person to show cause why disciplinary action should not be taken against the person under this Act on the grounds specified in the notice.

(3) A show cause notice is to be in writing and is to specify a period of not less than 14 days after service of the notice as the period that the person to whom the notice is directed has to show cause as required by the notice.

(4) The person on whom a show cause notice is served may within the period allowed by the notice make oral or written submissions to the Secretary in respect of the matters to which the notice relates. In the case of a corporation, submissions may be made by a director or officer of the corporation.

137

Power to suspend licence when show cause notice served

137 Power to suspend licence when show cause notice served

(1) When a show cause notice is served on a person, the Secretary may by notice in writing to the person suspend the person’s licence pending a determination by the Secretary of whether to take disciplinary action under this Act against the person.

(2) The Secretary may only suspend a licence under this section if satisfied that the grounds for disciplinary action specified in the show cause notice would, if established, justify the suspension or cancellation of the licence.

(3) Such a suspension may not be imposed for a period of more than 60 days after the show cause notice is served.

(4) The Secretary is not required to afford a person an opportunity to be heard before taking action against the person under this section.

(5) The Secretary can revoke a suspension under this section at any time by notice in writing to the suspended person.

(6) This section does not limit or otherwise affect any power to suspend a licence under section 79A of the Fair Trading Act 1987.

s 137: Am 2011 No 27, Sch 2.10.

138

Inquiries and investigation

138 Inquiries and investigation

(1) The Secretary may conduct inquiries and make investigations in relation to the matters to which a show cause notice relates and the submissions, if any, made by or on behalf of the person to whom the show cause notice relates in relation to those matters, as the Secretary thinks fit.

(2) Without limiting subsection (1), the Secretary may, if a show cause notice relates to a matter referred to in section 132 (1) (f), require the person concerned to be examined by a medical practitioner nominated by the Secretary.

139

Taking of disciplinary action

139 Taking of disciplinary action

(1) If the Secretary is satisfied that there are grounds for taking disciplinary action under this Act against a person on whom a show cause notice has been served, the Secretary may by order in writing served on the person take such disciplinary action against the person as the Secretary thinks is warranted.

(2) The order must include a statement of the reasons for the Secretary’s decision on the matter.

140

Recovery of monetary penalty

140 Recovery of monetary penalty

A monetary penalty imposed on a person by disciplinary action under this Part may be recovered by the Secretary in a court of competent jurisdiction as a debt due to the Crown.

141

Administrative review of disciplinary action by NCAT

141 Administrative review of disciplinary action by NCAT

A person against whom disciplinary action is taken by the Secretary may apply to the Tribunal for an administrative review under the Administrative Decisions Review Act 1997 of the Secretary’s decision on the disciplinary action or on a review of the disciplinary action.

s 141: Am 2013 No 95, Sch 2.40 [2].

142

Warning notices

142 Warning notices

(1) The Secretary may authorise publication of a notice warning persons of particular risks involved in dealing with a specified licensee, or a person who does not hold a licence, in connection with the activities of licensees.

(2) For example, a warning may relate to the risks involved in dealing with a person who has a recent history of unconscionable conduct in the person’s dealings with consumers.

(3) The Secretary may authorise publication of such a notice in any one or more of the following ways—

(a) to any person making inquiries to the Secretary about the licensee concerned,

(b) by advertisement by the use of any medium,

(c) to any media representatives.

(4) Publication of such a notice may not be authorised unless an investigation has been conducted by the Secretary, whether or not a complaint has been made.

(5) Before authorising publication of such a notice, the Secretary must give the person concerned an opportunity for a period of not less than 48 hours to make representations to the Secretary about publication of such a notice, unless—

(a) the Secretary is not able, after making reasonable efforts to do so, to contact the person promptly and advise the person of that opportunity, or

(b) the person refuses to make any representations.

(6) No opportunity to make representations is required to be given if, in the opinion of the Secretary, there is an immediate risk to the public.

(7) No liability is incurred by a person for publishing in good faith—

(a) a notice under this section, or

(b) a fair report or summary of such a notice.

143

Failure to comply with disqualification from involvement in business

143 Failure to comply with disqualification from involvement in business

A person who is disqualified under this Part from being involved in the direction, management or conduct of the business of a licensee must not act contrary to the disqualification.

Maximum penalty—

(a) 200 penalty units in the case of a corporation, or

(b) 100 penalty units in any other case.

144

Return of suspended or cancelled licence

144 Return of suspended or cancelled licence

A person who has possession of a licence that has been suspended or cancelled under this Part must give the licence to an employee of the Department at any office of the Department within 7 days after the suspension or cancellation takes effect.

Maximum penalty—

(a) 40 penalty units in the case of a corporation, or

(b) 20 penalty units in any other case.

s 144: Am 2016 No 27, Sch 1.6 [4].

Part 10

Enforcement

Part 10 Enforcement

145

Authorised officers

145 Authorised officers

(1) In this Act—

authorised officer means—

(a) an employee of the Department for the time being appointed under this Part as an authorised officer, or

(b) an investigator appointed under section 18 of the Fair Trading Act 1987, or

(c) a police officer.

(2) The Secretary may appoint any employee of the Department as an authorised officer for the purposes of this Act.

(3) An authorised officer who is not a police officer is to be provided by the Secretary with a certificate of identification.

(4) An authorised officer (other than a police officer) must, when exercising on any premises any function of the authorised officer under this Act, produce the officer’s certificate of identification to any person apparently in charge of the premises who requests its production.

s 145: Am 2016 No 27, Sch 1.6 [5] [6].

146

Powers of entry, inspection etc

146 Powers of entry, inspection etc

(1) An authorised officer may exercise the powers conferred by this section for the purpose of—

(a) ascertaining whether the provisions of this Act or the regulations are being complied with or have been contravened, or

(b) investigating a complaint made or intended to be made under this Act, or

(c) obtaining evidence, records or information in relation to a matter that constitutes or may constitute a contravention of this Act or the regulations.

(2) An authorised officer may enter and inspect at any reasonable time any premises that the officer believes on reasonable grounds are being used for the carrying on of a conveyancing business, whether or not the business is being carried on by a licensee.

(3) While on premises entered under this section or under the authority of a search warrant under this Part, an authorised officer may do any one or more of the following—

(a) require any person on those premises to produce any records in the possession or under the control of that person relating to the conduct of the conveyancing business, and (in the case of records stored electronically) to produce any such record in written form,

(b) inspect, take copies of or extracts from, or make notes from, any such records, and for that purpose may take temporary possession of any such records,

(c) take possession of any such records if the authorised officer considers it necessary to do so for the purpose of obtaining evidence or protecting evidence from destruction,

(d) take such photographs, films and audio, video and other recordings as the authorised officer considers necessary,

(e) require any person on those premises to answer questions or otherwise furnish information in relation to the carrying on of the conveyancing business or a contravention of a provision of this Act or the regulations,

(f) require the owner or occupier of those premises to provide the authorised officer with such assistance and facilities as is or are reasonably necessary to enable the authorised officer to exercise the functions of an authorised officer under this section.

(4) An authorised officer is not entitled to enter a part of premises used for residential purposes, except—

(a) with the consent of the occupier of the part, or

(b) under the authority of a search warrant.

147

Power of authorised officer to obtain information, records and evidence

147 Power of authorised officer to obtain information, records and evidence

If an authorised officer believes on reasonable grounds that a person is capable of giving information, producing records or giving evidence in relation to a matter that constitutes, or may constitute, an offence against this Act or the regulations, the authorised officer may, by notice in writing given to the person, require the person—

(a) to provide an authorised officer, by writing signed by the person (or, in the case of a corporation, by a competent officer of the corporation) and given to the authorised officer within the time and in the manner specified in the notice, with any such information, or

(b) to produce to an authorised officer, in accordance with the notice, any such records, or

(c) to appear before an authorised officer at a time and place specified in the notice and give any such evidence, either orally or in writing, and produce any such records.

148

Obstruction etc of authorised officers

148 Obstruction etc of authorised officers

A person must not—

(a) without reasonable excuse, refuse or fail to comply with any notice given or requirement made, or to answer any question asked, by an authorised officer under this Part, or

(b) provide information or give evidence in purported compliance with a requirement made or question asked by an authorised officer under this Part knowing the information or evidence to be false or misleading in a material particular, or

(c) wilfully delay, hinder or obstruct an authorised officer in the exercise of the officer’s functions under this Part.

Maximum penalty—100 penalty units or imprisonment for 6 months, or both.

149

Taking possession of records to be used as evidence

149 Taking possession of records to be used as evidence

(1) If an authorised officer takes possession of any records under this Part for the purpose of obtaining evidence or protecting evidence from destruction, they may be retained by the officer until the completion of any proceedings (including proceedings on appeal) in which they may be evidence.

(2) The person from whom the records are taken must be provided, within a reasonable time after the records are taken, with a copy of the records certified by an authorised officer as a true copy.

(3) A copy of records provided under this section is, as evidence, of equal validity to the records of which it is certified to be a copy.

More sections below

Source text: opening excerpt

Sourced from legislation.nsw.gov.au, CC BY 4.0.

Part 1 Preliminary

1 Name of Act

This Act is the Conveyancers Licensing Act 2003.

2 Commencement

(1) This Act commences on a day or days to be appointed by proclamation, except as provided by subsection (2).

(2) Schedule 2.2 and 2.5 commence on the commencement of Division 4 of Part 5 of the Law Enforcement (Powers and Responsibilities) Act 2002.

3 Definitions

In this Act—

authorised officer has the meaning given in Part 10 (Enforcement).

Compensation Fund or Fund means the Property Services Compensation Fund established and maintained under the Property and Stock Agents Act 2002.

conveyancer means a person who carries out conveyancing work.

conveyancing business means any business in the course of which conveyancing work is carried out for fee or reward, whether or not the carrying out of conveyancing work is the sole or dominant purpose of the business.

conveyancing work has the meaning given to it by section 4.

Corporations Act means the Corporations Act 2001 of the Commonwealth.

costs includes fees, charges, disbursements, expenses and remuneration.

Department means the Department of Customer Service.

disqualified person has the meaning given to it by section 10.

employee includes any person employed whether on salary, wages, bonus, fees, allowance or other remuneration and includes a director or member of the governing body of a corporation.

exercise a function includes perform a duty.

firm of licensees includes any licensees who share remuneration as licensees, whether or not on the same basis for each of them.

function includes a power, authority or duty.

licence means a licence under this Act.

licensee means the holder of a licence under this Act.

licensee’s records has the meaning given in Part 6 (Records).