[1] See for example Plaintiff's closing submissions pars 161 - 174, pars 231 - 245; plaintiff's responsive submissions, pars 21 - 30.

[2] Glew v Frank Jasper Pty Ltd [2010] WASCA 87 [10] (reasons of the court).

[3] Wentworth v Rogers (No 5) (1986) 6 NSWLR 534, 536 - 537 (Kirby P), 543 (Hope JA, with whom Samuels JA agreed); Smart v Prisoner Review Board (WA) [2012] WASC 48 [10] (Pritchard J).

[4] Ibrahim v The Honourable Justice Carolyn Martin [2012] WASC 338 [21] (Beech J); Tobin v Dodd [2004] WASCA 288 [15] (EM Heenan J, with whom Murray & Le Miere JJ agreed).

[5] Neil v Nott [1994] HCA 23 [5]; [1994] HCA 23; (1994) 68 ALJR 509, 510; [1994] HCA 23; (1994) 121 ALR 148, 150 (Brennan, Deane, Toohey, Gaudron & McHugh JJ); Ibrahim [21]; Glew [10]; Tobin [14].

[6] Nobarani v Mariconte [2018] HCA 36 [47] (Kiefel CJ, Gageler, Nettle, Gordon & Edelman JJ); Woodley v Woodley [2018] WASCA 149 [76] (judgment of the court); Moleirinho v Talbot & Olivier Lawyers Pty Ltd [2014] WASCA 65 [51] (judgment of the court).

[7] Zerjavic v Chevron Australia Pty Ltd [2020] WASCA 40 [74] (judgment of the court).

[8] Zerjavic [75] (references omitted).

[9] ts 16, ts 114 - ts 115, ts 448, ts 562.

[11] ts 707 - ts 708, ts 771 - ts 774, ts 839, ts 930.

[12] ts 191, ts 661 - ts 662, ts 773 - ts 774, ts 776, ts 778, ts 841 - ts 842, ts 930 - ts 932.

[13] International Finance Trust Co Ltd v New South Wales Crime Commission [2009] HCA 49; (2009) 240 CLR 319 [54], see also [88] (Gummow & Bell JJ), [141] - [146] (Heydon J); Rowe v Stoltze [2013] WASCA 92 [51] (Newnes JA, with whom Pullin & Murphy JJA agreed).

[16] The site visit was recorded and a thumb drive containing the audio visual recording is Exhibit P32.

[22] ts 622 (Kemp); ts 883 (Barclay); Exhibit D42.

[23] ts 884 - ts 885 (Barclay); Exhibit D43.

[24] ts 612 - ts 613 (Kemp); Exhibit D20.

[25] ts 610 - ts 611 (Kemp); Exhibit D18.

[26] ts 621 - ts 622 (Kemp); ts 887 (Barclay); ts 990 (Bestall); Exhibit D23.

[28] ts 985, ts 991 - ts 992, ts 1004 (Bestall).

[29] ts 43, ts 703 - ts 704 (D'Souza); ts 1002 (Bestall).

[31] ts 998 - ts 1000 (Bestall); Exhibit D46.

[32] ts 1000 - ts 1001 (Bestall); ts 1109 (Thake).

[33] An audio visual recording of this inspection is Exhibit P33.

[36] ts 540, ts 704 (D'Souza); ts 989 (Bestall); ts 1122 (Thake).

[40] ts 44 (D'Souza); ts 985, ts 1030 (Bestall); ts 1124 - ts 1125 (Thake).

[41] ts 541 (D'Souza); ts 985 (Bestall); ts 1123 (Thake).

[43] ts 986 (Bestall); ts 1137 (Thake); Exhibit D44.

[45] ts 704 (D'Souza); ts 988 - ts 989, ts 1021- ts 1022 (Bestall).

[46] ts 48, ts 704, ts 711 (D'Souza); ts 988, ts 993 - ts 994 (Bestall); ts 1124 (Thake).

[48] ts 45, ts 705 (D'Souza); ts 988 (Bestall); ts 1125 (Thake).

[50] ts 50, ts 542 (D'Souza); ts 1129 - ts 1130 (Thake).

[54] ts 51 - ts 52, ts 62, ts 543 - ts 547 (D'Souza).

[57] ts 45 - ts 46, ts 50, ts 246 - ts 247, ts 727 - ts 735 (D'Souza).

[60] ts 48 - ts 49, ts 245, ts 738 (D'Souza).

[61] ts 243, ts 738 - ts 745 (D'Souza).

[62] ts 49, ts 245, ts 723, ts 736, ts 748 - ts 751, ts 755 - ts 759 (D'Souza).

[65] ts 50 - ts 51, ts 543, ts 753 (D'Souza).

[70] ts 293 - ts 295, ts 721 - ts 722 (D'Souza).

[72] ts 994 - ts 995 (Bestall); Exhibit D53.

[75] ts 986, ts 993 (Bestall); Exhibit D44.

[80] ts 1112 - ts 1113, ts 1171 (Thake); Exhibit D53; Exhibit D54; Exhibit D55.

[82] ts 1114 - ts 1115, ts 1118, ts 1126 - ts 1127 (Thake); Exhibit D56.

[83] ts 1114 - ts 1118, ts 1127 (Thake); Exhibit D57; Exhibit D58.

[84] ts 1116 - ts 1119, ts 1127, ts 1129 (Thake); Exhibit D59.

[85] ts 1117 - ts 1118, ts 1127 (Thake); Exhibit D60.

[86] ts 1120 - ts 1122, ts 1127 - ts 1129 (Thake).

[92] ts 1129 - ts 1130, ts 1167 (Thake).

[96] ts 1112 - ts 1113, ts 1171 (Thake); Exhibit D53; Exhibit D54; Exhibit D55.

[100] Plaintiff's closing submissions, pars 8 - 20.

[101] ts 300, ts 309 - ts 313, ts 511 - ts 512; Exhibit D8; Exhibit D9; Exhibit D15; Exhibit P27, Exhibit P39.

[103] ts 300 - ts 301, ts 305 - ts 306 (D'Souza).

[107] ts 300 (D'Souza); Exhibit D8; Exhibit D9; Exhibit D15; Exhibit P27, Exhibit P39.

[108] ts 303, ts 309, ts 692 - ts 693 (D'Souza).

[124] First defendant's closing submissions, pars 74 - 84; second defendant's closing submissions, pars 43 - 52; third defendant's closing submissions, pars 13 - 18.

[125] ts 221 - ts 222 (D'Souza); Exhibit P38.

[126] ts 221 - ts 222 (D'Souza); Exhibit P38.

[153] See generally: Plaintiff's closing submissions, pars 21 - 31.

[158] ts 990, ts 1035 - ts 1037 (Bestall); Exhibit D21.

[159] ts 990, ts 1035 (Bestall); Exhibit 45.

[161] ts 63, 547 - ts 548 (D'Souza); ts 625 (Kemp); ts 887 (Barclay).

[165] ts 624 - ts 626 (Kemp); ts 992 (Bestall).

[168] ts 625 (Kemp); ts 900 (Barclay), ts 1042 (Zappacosta); Exhibit D24.

[169] ts 64, ts 550 - ts 552 (D'Souza); ts 1042 (Zappacosta).

[170] ts 1042 - ts 1043, ts 1045 - ts 1046 (Zappacosta).

[171] ts 626 (Kemp); ts 1043, ts 1046 (Zappacosta).

[173] ts 68 - ts 69, ts 552 (D'Souza); ts 1043 - ts 1044, ts 1046 - ts 1049 (Zappacosta).

[181] ts 94 - ts 95, ts 259 (D'Souza).

[182] ts 709 - ts 710 (D'Souza); Exhibit D29.

[185] ts 94, ts 259 - ts 260 (D'Souza).

[187] Mosby's Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing & Health Professions (3rd ed, 2014) 153 - 154.

[188] ts 88 - ts 89, ts 283 (D'Souza); Exhibit P9; Exhibit P10; Exhibit P11.

[189] Mosby's Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing & Health Professions (3rd ed, 2014) 131, 153.

[191] Mosby's Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing & Health Professions (3rd ed, 2014) 153, 1675; ts 822 (Summers); ts 943 (Ng).

[192] Exhibit P9; Exhibit P10; Exhibit P11.

[193] ts 268 - ts 285 (D'Souza); Exhibit D1; Exhibit D2; Exhibit D3; Exhibit D4; Exhibit D5; Exhibit D6.

[203] ts 310, ts 517 - ts 518, ts 682 - ts 683, ts 694 - ts 695, ts 852 (D'Souza); Exhibit P31.

[204] ts 515 - ts 519 (D'Souza); Exhibit P31.

[208] ts 519 - ts 523, ts 697 - ts 698 (D'Souza); Exhibit P31.

[214] Second re-amended statement of claim, pars 30 - 50. This document refers to 8 July, but it is common ground this is an error and should be 7 July.

[218] ts 66 - ts 67, also ts 549 - ts 550 (D'Souza).

[221] Mosby's Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing & Health Professions (3rd ed, 2014) 254.

[237] ts 938 - ts 939 (Ng); Exhibit P73.

[241] ts 429 - ts 430 (Tyler); Exhibit P64.

[254] Mosby's Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing & Health Professions (3rd ed, 2014) 82, 142, 258, 374, 381, 577, 692, 1111, 1393, 1524, 1526, 1534.

[257] Exhibit D25, pages 12 - 13, pages 14 - 16.

[258] Exhibit D25, pages 12 - 13, pages 14 - 16.

[259] ts 101 - ts 102 (D'Souza); Exhibit P12.

[260] ts 101 - ts 102 (D'Souza); Exhibit P13.

[264] ts 781 - ts 785 (Summers); Exhibit D32.

[265] ts 782 (Summers); Exhibit D32, pages 3 - 4.

[270] ts 942 (Ng); Exhibit P19; Exhibit D39.

[272] ts 941 - ts 942 (Ng); Exhibit P19.

[280] ts 431 - ts 433 (Tyler); Exhibit P66.

[284] Mosby's Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing & Health Professions (3rd ed, 2014) 'Mirtazapine' 82, 258, 577, 1111, 1393, 1526, 1534.

[286] ts 433 - ts 434 (Tyler); Exhibit P67.

[288] ts 107 - ts 108, ts 110, ts 124 (D'Souza); Exhibit P14, Exhibit P16.

[290] Mosby's Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing & Health Professions (3rd ed, 2014) 303; ts 943 - 944 (Ng).

[298] ts 433 - ts 434 (Tyler); Exhibit P21.

[299] ts 434 - ts 435 (Tyler); Exhibit P68.

[302] ts 787 - ts 793 (Summers); Exhibit P78.

[318] Mosby's Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing & Health Professions (3rd ed, 2014) 'Mirtazapine' 82, 121, 149, 258, 577, 1111, 1393, 1519, 1534.

[321] ts 126 - ts 127 (D'Souza); Exhibit P17.

[328] ts 794 - ts 797 (Summers); Exhibit D36.

[335] Exhibit D36 (annexed to report of Dr Summers).

[346] Mosby's Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing & Health Professions (3rd ed, 2014) 82, 121, 258, 374, 577, 932, 1111, 1225, 1262, 1393, 1534, 1733.

[349] ts 639 - ts 640 (Edwards-Smith).

[350] ts 644 - ts 645 (Edwards-Smith).

[353] See also ts 645 (Edwards-Smith).

[356] ts 1203 - ts 1204 (Beckett); Exhibit D65, page 6.

[359] ts 464 - ts 465, ts 468, ts 487 - ts 488, ts 498 (Glossop); ts 1202 (Beckett).

[363] ts 343 (Nottle); ts 1086 (Pickford).

[365] ts 455 - ts 456 (Glossop). Mr Glossop's full curriculum vitae is Exhibit P71.

[366] Exhibit P70, page 4; ts 1081 - ts 1083 (Pickford).

[374] Exhibit D65, page 2; ts 1199 (Beckett).

[379] ts 1200 - ts 1201 (Beckett); Exhibit D65, pages 3.

[383] Exhibit D65, page 8. Mr Beckett was instructed that the work was undertaken on 8 July 2015. However, at trial, it was common ground that the work was undertaken on 7 July 2015.

[384] Second re-amended statement of claim, par 52A.

[385] ts 348, ts 357, ts 375 - ts 376 (Davies).

[389] ts 357, ts 368 - ts 370, ts 384 - ts 386 (Davies); ts 418 - ts 421 (Carpenter); Exhibit D13.

[390] As did Mr Carpenter, the author of the 2015 MA Report: ts 420 (Carpenter).

[391] First defendant's closing submissions, par 82; third defendant's closing submissions, par 12.

[393] Second re-amended statement of claim, par 52A.

[404] Exhibit D51, page 7; ts 1083 - ts 1084 (Pickford).

[409] Second re-amended statement of claim, pars 4A, 7A, 7C.

[410] First defendant, re-amended defence, par 43.

[411] Stevens v Brodribb Sawmilling Co Pty Ltd [1986] HCA 1; (1986) 160 CLR 16, 23 - 29 (Mason J, with whom Brennan J relevantly agreed), 35 - 39 (Wilson & Dawson JJ); Hollis v Vabu Pty Ltd [2001] HCA 44; (2001) 207 CLR 21 [43] - [61] (Gleeson CJ, Gaurdon, Gummow, Kirby & Hayne JJ); Commissioner of State Revenue v Mortgage Force Australia Pty Ltd [2009] WASCA 24 [69] (Buss JA, with whom Steytler P & Le Miere AJA agreed).

[414] ts 628 - ts 630 (Kemp); ts 875 - ts 877 (Barclay).

[423] Bell v The State of Western Australia [2004] WASCA 205; (2004) 28 WAR 555 [34] (McLure J, with whom Le Miere J agreed); Colonial Mutual Life Assurance Society Ltd v The Producers and Citizens Co-operative Assurance Co of Australia Ltd [1931] HCA 53; (1931) 46 CLR 41, 48 - 49 (Dixon J); Sweeney v Boylan Nominess Pty Ltd [2006] HCA 19; (2006) 226 CLR 161 [77] - [78] (Kirby J); Perpetual Trustee Co Ltd v Burniston [No 2] [2012] WASC 383 [211] - [220] (Edelman J).

[424] Re-amended statement of claim, pars 7A - 7C.

[425] Second defendant's re-amended defence, par 5; third defendant's re-amended defence, pars 5 - 6.

[430] ts 1001 (Bestall ); Exhibit D63.

[432] ts 1245 - ts 1248 (S Thake); Exhibit D66; Exhibit D67; Exhibit D68; Exhibit D69.

[433] Second re-amended statement of claim, par 54.

[434] Second re-amended statement of claim, par 66.

[435] Third defendant, opening submissions, par 25; third defendant closing submissions, par 8.

[436] Vairy v Wyong Shire Council [2005] HCA 62; (2005) 223 CLR 422 [27] (McHugh J), [63] (Gummow J); Osborne Park Commercial Pty Ltd v Miloradovic [2019] WASCA 17 [129] - [130] (judgment of the court).

[437] CGU Insurance Ltd v Coote [2018] WASCA 117 [77] (judgment of the court); Department of Housing and Works v Smith (No 2) [2010] WASCA 25; (2010) 41 WAR 217 [70] - [83] (Buss J).

[438] Roads and Traffic Authority of NSW v Dederer [2007] HCA 42; (2007) 234 CLR 330 [70] (Gummow J). Allied Pumps Pty Ltd v Hooker [2020] WASCA 72 [33] (Buss P & Vaughan JA); [116] (Murphy JA).

[439] Adeels Palace Pty Ltd v Moubarak; Adeels Palace Pty Ltd v Bou Najem [2009] HCA 48; (2009) 239 CLR 420 [31], [40] (French CJ, Gummow, Hayne, Heydon & Crennan JJ); Allied Pumps [12], [33], [120]; CGU Insurance [78].

[442] Adeels [31]; New South Wales v Fahy [2007] HCA 20; (2007) 232 CLR 486 [57] - [58] (Gummow & Hayne JJ); CGU Insurance [78].

[443] Adeels [40]; Allied Pumps [15], [122].

[444] Department of Housing and Works [78].

[445] Wyong Shire Council v Shirt [1980] HCA 12; (1980) 146 CLR 40, 47 - 48 (Mason J); Waverley Council v Ferreira [2005] NSWCA 418 [45] (Ipp J with whom Spigelman CJ & Tobias JA agreed); Allied Pumps [6] - [10], [114].

[447] Graham Barclay Oysters Pty Ltd v Ryan [2002] HCA 54; (2002) 211 CLR 540 [87] (McHugh J); Allied Pumps [8].

[448] Graham Barclay Oysters [87]; Allied Pumps [8].

[449] Allied Pumps [12], [19] - [22], [123].

[451] See for example: second re-amended statement of claim, pars 7C, 8E(a), 66A(k).

[452] See for example: second re-amended statement of claim, par 2B.

[453] See for example: second re-amended statement of claim, par 2A(e), par 21.

[454] Second re-amended statement of claim, par 66A(ee), par 66A(gg).

[455] See for example: second re-amended statement of claim, pars 56, 66A(i), 66A(z).

[456] See for example: second re-amended statement of claim, par 7C.

[457] Second re-amended statement of claim, par 66A(ee), 66A(gg).

[458] Second re-amended statement of claim, par 54.

[459] Second re-amended statement of claim, par 66,

[460] Second defendant's re-amended defence, pars 5, 29, 32.

[461] Vairy [27], [63]; Osborne Park [129] - [130].

[462] Osborne Park Commercial Pty Ltd v Miloradovic [2019] WASCA 17.

[465] Osborne Park [128] - [144].

[466] Osborne Park [133] (footnotes omitted).

[467] Donoghue v Stevenson [1932] AC 562, 581 (Lord Atkin).

[468] Second re-amended statement of claim, par 52A.

[469] Second re-amended statement of claim, par 66A(z).

[470] Second re-amended statement of claim, par 66A(hh).

[475] ts 1002 - ts 1003, ts 1037 (Bestall).

[476] Stevens (47) - (48) (references omitted); also (31) (Mason J); CGU Insurance [72].

[477] Second re-amended statement of claim, par 8A(b).

[478] Second re-amended statement of claim, par 8A(c).

[479] Second re-amended statement of claim, pars 9AA(a)(i) and 9AA(a)(ii).

[480] Second re-amended statement of claim, par 9B(iii).

[481] Second re-amended statement of claim, par 9B(iv).

[482] Second re-amended statement of claim, par 9B(v).

[483] Second re-amended statement of claim, par 54.

[484] First defendant's opening submissions, par 50.

[485] Second re-amended statement of claim, par 8A(c).

[486] Second re-amended statement of claim, par 8B(iii).

[487] First defendant, re-amended defence, par 43.

[488] First defendant, opening submissions, par 66; first defendant's closing submissions, par 217.

[489] First defendant, re-amended defence, par 43.

[490] Vairy [27], [63]; Osborne Park [129] - [130].

[493] Stevens (47) - (48), (31); CGU Insurance [73].

[498] ts 618 - ts 620 (Kemp); ts 880 (Barclay).

[500] ts 607 - ts 616 (Kemp); ts 874 - ts 880 (Barclay); Exhibit D17; Exhibit D18; Exhibit D19; Exhibit 20; Exhibit D22.

[501] ts 618 - ts 620 (Kemp); ts 880 (Barclay).

[504] ts 620, ts 628 - ts 630 (Kemp); ts 881 (Barclay).

[505] Stevens (47) - (48), (31); CGU Insurance [72].

[506] Second re-amended statement of claim, pars 66A(m), 75.

[507] Second re-amended statement of claim, par 75A.

[508] Re-amended defence of first defendant, par 46.

[509] Second defendant's re-amended defence, par 63.

[510] Wallace v Kam [2013] HCA 19; (2013) 250 CLR 375 [11] - [12] (judgment of the court).

[512] Wallace [16]; Adeels Palace [45]; Strong v Woolworths Ltd t/as Big W [2012] HCA 5; (2012) 246 CLR 182 [20].

[516] Bennett v Minister of Community Welfare [1992] HCA 27; (1992) 176 CLR 408, 412 - 413 (Mason CJ, Deane J & Toohey J), 428 (McHugh J); March v E & MH Stramare Pty Ltd [1991] HCA 12; (1991) 171 CLR 506, 515 (Mason CJ), 522, 524 (Deane J); Lyle v Soc [2009] WASCA 3 [40] (Steytler P).

[517] BGC Residential Pty Ltd v Fairwater Pty Ltd [ 2012] WASCA 268 [43] (Pullin JA, with whom Newnes & Murphy JJA agreed).

[518] McGhee v National Coal Board [1972] UKHL 7; [1973] 1 WLR 1 (Lord Salmon); The State of Western Australia v Watson [1990] WAR 248, 286; Lyle [40].

[519] Amaca Pty Ltd (under NSW administered winding up) v Booth; Amaba Pty Ltd (under NSW administered winding up) v Booth [2011] HCA 53; 246 CLR 36 [47] (French CJ); March (514) (Mason CJ).

[521] Tabet v Gett [2010] HCA 12; (2010) 240 CLR 537 [66] (Hayne & Bell JJ).

[522] Seltsam Pty Ltd v McGuiness (2000) 49 NSWLR 262 [98] (Spigelman CJ).

[523] Jones v Dunkel [1959] HCA 8; (1959) 101 CLR 298, 309 (Menzies J).

[524] Luxton v Vines [1952] HCA 19; [1952] HCA 19; (1952) 85 CLR 352, 358 (Dixon, Fullagar, Kitto JJ); Chamberlain v The Queen (No 2) [1984] HCA 7; ([1984] HCA 7; 1984) 153 CLR 521, 536 (Gibbs CJ & Mason J); Robinson v Owners of Reflections Waterfront Apartments West Tower Strata Plan 58085 [2017] WASCA 190 [47] (reasons of the court); Fazio v Fazio [2012] WASCA 72 [48] (Murphy JA, with whom Pullin & Newnes JJA agreed).

[530] Exhibit D38, page 3; ts 784 (Summers); Exhibit D34, page 4; Exhibit D36, page 2.

[531] St George Club Ltd v Hines (1961) 35 ALJR 106, 107 (Dixon CJ, Kitto, Taylor, Menzies, Windeyer JJ); Tubemakers of Australia Ltd v Fernandez (1976) 50 ALJR 720, 724 (Mason J, with whom Barwick CJ & Gibbs J agreed); Amaca Pty Ltd (under NSW administered winding up) v Booth; Amaba Pty Ltd (under NSW administered winding up) v Booth [43] (French CJ).

[532] St George Club (107); Tubemakers (725).

[533] Tubemakers (724) (with whom Barwick CJ & Gibbs J agreed).

[535] ts 784 (Suumers); Exhibit D32, page 6.

[536] ts 791 - ts 792 (Summers); Exhibit D34, page 3.

[537] ts 788 - ts 789 (Summers); Exhibit D38, page 3.

[539] ts 784 - ts 785 (Suumers); Exhibit D32, pages 6 - 7.

[540] ts 796 (Summers); Exhibit D36, page 4; Exhibit D38, page 3.

[541] ts 643 (Edwards-Smith); Exhibit D25, page 15.

[542] ts 1084 - ts 1085 (Pickford); Exhibit D51, page 2.

[543] ts 792 - ts 793 (Summers); Exhibit D38, page 2.

[545] Exhibit D38, pages 2 - 4; Exhibit D34, page 4.

[546] Swick Nominees Pty Ltd t/as Swick Drilling Australia v Norncott Pty Ltd [No 3] [2013] WASC 173 [153] (Allanson J).

[547] Hirst v Sydney South West Area Health Service [2011] NSWSC 664 [114] (Davies J).

[548] Briginshaw v Briginshaw [1938] HCA 34; (1938) 60 CLR 336, 343 (Latham CJ).

[549] Jones v Dunkel (305) (Dixon CJ).

[550] Jones v Sutherland Shire Council [1979] 2 NSWLR 206, 227 (Mahoney JA).

[557] Exhibit D25, pages 12 - 13, pages 14 - 16.

[561] Exhibit P 69; ts 435 - ts 438 (Tyler).

[564] Second defendant's closing submissions, pars 17, 21.

[569] First defendant's re-amended defence, par 45.

[570] Second defendant's re-amended defence, par 63.

[571] Third defendant's re-amended defence, par 32.

[572] Town of Port Hedland v Hodder (No 2) [2012] WASCA 212; (2012) 43 WAR 383 [294] (McLure P).

[573] Town of Port Hedland [294]; Joyce v Anderson [2020] WASCA 48 [173] (Mitchell JA).

[574] Owners of Steamship or Vessel 'British Fame' v Owners of Steamship or Vessel 'Macgregor' (The 'British Fame') [1943] AC 197, 201 (Lord Wright with whom Viscount Simon LC & Lords Atkin, Thankerton & Porter agreed); Podrebersek v Australian Iron & Steel Pty Ltd [1985] HCA 34; [1985] HCA 34; (1985) 59 ALJR 492, 494 (judgment of the court); Fugro Spatial Solutions Pty Ltd v Cifuentes [2011] WASCA 102 [3] (Martin CJ)

[576] Town of Port Hedland [316]; see also Wynbergen v Hoyts Corp Pty Ltd [1997] HCA 52; (1997) 149 ALR 25, 29 (Hayne J, with whom Gaudron, McHugh, Gummow & Kirby JJ agreed); Fugro [187] (Mazza JA).

[577] Pennington v Norris [1956] HCA 26; (1956) 96 CLR 10, 16 (Dixon CJ, Webb, Fullagar & Kitto JJ); Town of Port Hedland (457) [319].

[578] Astley v Austrust Ltd [1999] HCA 6; (1999) 197 CLR 1 [30] (Gleeson CJ, McHugh, Gummow & Hayne JJ).

[581] ts 49, ts 244, ts 722, ts 756 (D'Souza).

[589] See generally: MR & RC Smith Pty Ltd t/as Ultra Tune (Osborne Park) v Wyatt (No 2) [2012] WASCA 110 [48] (Pullin JA, with whom Newnes JA agreed); Howells v Murray River North Pty Ltd [2004] WASCA 276 [67] (Murray J).

[590] M R & R C Smith [178]; Howells [67], [150].

[593] Second re-amended statement of claim, pars 53, 54 - 54C.

[594] Ayton v City of Armadale [2020] WASCA 39 [51] (judgment of the court).

[595] Slivak v Lurgi (Aust) Pty Ltd (2001) 205 CLR 304 [53] (Gleeson CJ, Gummow & Hayne JJ); Laing O'Rourke (BMC) Pty Ltd v Kirwin [2011] WASCA 117 [31] - [32] (Murphy JA).

[597] Second re-amended statement of claim, pars 29 - 29B.

[599] Morrison v De Bono [2005] WASC 271 [14] (Le MiereJ); see also Kirwin v The Pilbara Infrastructure Pty Ltd [2012] WASC 99 [166] - [170] (Hall J).

[600] Second re-amended statement of claim, pars 8A - 8G, 61.

[601] Second re-amended statement of claim, par 9.

[602] Second re-amended statement of claim, pars 9A - 9H, 61.

[603] Second re-amended statement of claim, pars 61 - 62.

[604] Second re-amended statement of claim, par 56.

[605] Second re-amended statement of claim, pars 57 - 58.

[606] Second re-amended statement of claim, par 58A.

[607] Kerr v The Minister for Health [2009] WASCA 32 [10] (Le Miere AJA, with whom Wheeler & Buss JJA agreed),

[608] Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co [1880] UKHL 3; (1880) 5 App Cas 25, 39 (Lord Blackburn); Husher v Husher [1999] HCA 47; (1999) 197 CLR 138, 142 - 143 [6] (Gleeson CJ, Gummow, Kirby & Hayne JJ)

[609] Sharman v Evans [1977] HCA 8; (1977) 138 CLR 563, 573 - 574 (Gibbs & Stephen JJ).

[611] Plaintiff's particulars of damages, pt 2.4.

[614] Golden Eagle International Trading Pty Ltd v Zhang [2007] HCA 15; (2007) 229 CLR 498 [4] (Gummow, Callinan & Crennan JJ); [68] - [70] (Kirby & Hayne JJ).

[615] Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2019, Life Tables, States, Territories and Australia 2016 - 2018.

[616] Plaintiff's particulars of damages, pt 2.2.

[617] Plaintiff's particulars of damages, pt 2.1.

[619] Exhibit D25, pages 12 - 13, pages 14 - 16.

[621] Exhibit D25, page 16; Exhibit D26, page 12.

[623] Plaintiff's particulars of damages, pt 4.2.

[624] Plaintiff's particulars of damages, pt 4.1.

[625] Plaintiff's particulars of damages, pt 4.2.

[626] Medlin v State Government Insurance Commission [1995] HCA 5; (1995) 182 CLR 1, 19 (McHugh J).

[627] Van Gervan v Fenton [1992] HCA 54; (1992) 175 CLR 327, 343 (Deane & Dawson JJ); Montemaggiori v Wilson [2011] WASCA 177, [30] (Buss & Newnes JJA).

[628] Husher [6] (Gleeson CJ, Gummow, Kirby & Hayne J).

[629] Medlin (18); Setton v Eves [2006] WASCA 3, [25] (McLure JA, with whom Steytler P & Simmonds AJA agreed); Montemaggiori [30].

[630] Husher 143 [7]; Mastaglia v Burns [2006] WASCA 190; (2006) 32 WAR 427 [89] (Martin CJ).

[631] Graham v Baker [1961] HCA 48; (1961) 106 CLR 340, 346 - 347 (Dixon CJ, Kitto & Taylor JJ).

[635] Paul v Rendell (1981) 34 ALR 569, 571 (Lord Diplock); Kschammer v R W Piper & Sons Pty Ltd [2003] WASCA 298 [178] (Malcolm CJ, with whom Murray & Parker JJ agreed).

[636] Gamser v Nominal Defendant [1977] HCA 7; (1977) 136 CLR 145, 157 - 158 (Aickin J); Panizza v Moir [2009] WADC 110; (2009) 64 SR (WA) 166, [86] (Stone DCJ).

[637] Kittelty v Davies [2011] WADC 1 [261] (Derrick DCJ).

[639] ts 579, ts 674 - ts 675 (D'Souza).

[640] ts 299, ts 508, ts 677 - ts 678 (D'Souza).

[644] ts 298 - ts 300, ts 304 - ts 305, ts 681 - ts 682, ts 851 - ts 852 (D'Souza).

[645] ts 300, ts 309 - ts 313, ts 852; Exhibit D8; Exhibit D9; Exhibit D15; Exhibit P27, Exhibit P39.

[646] ts 300, ts 309 (D'Souza); Exhibit D8; Exhibit D9; Exhibit D15.

[647] ts 302 - ts 303, ts 575 (D'Souza).

[648] ts 134, ts 303 (D'Souza); Exhibit P23.

[651] ts 142, ts 526 (D'Souza); Exhibit P27.

[652] ts 306, ts 508, ts 853 (D'Souza).

[655] ts 134 - ts 135, ts 307 - ts 308, ts 512, ts 696 (D'Souza); Exhibit P57; Exhibit P58; Exhibit P59.

[661] ts 239 - ts 240 (D'Souza); Exhibit P57; Exhibit P58; Exhibit P59.

[662] ts 510, ts 530 - ts 540, ts 580 - ts 592 (D'Souza).

[663] ts 569 - ts 570 (D'Souza); Exhibit P26.

[664] ts 142, ts 526 (D'Souza); Exhibit P28.

[665] ts 142 - ts 143, ts 527 - ts 529 (D'Souza).

[667] ts 567 - ts 571 (D'Souza); Exhibit P26.

[669] ts 136, ts 536 - ts 537 (D'Souza).

[671] ts 143, ts 534 - ts 535, ts 568 (D'Souza); Exhibit P29, Exhibit P40.

[673] ts 221 - ts 222, ts 319 - ts 321 (D'Souza); Exhibit P38.

[676] ts 576 - ts 577, ts 593 (D'Souza); Exhibit D16.

[677] ts 144, ts 218 - ts 219 (D'Souza); Exhibit P30, Exhibit P34.

[679] ts 147, ts 224 - ts 225, ts 595 - ts 598 (D'Souza); Exhibit P41.

[680] ts 234, ts 597 - ts 599 (D'Souza).

[681] ts 235 - ts 236, ts 599 - ts 600 (D'Souza); Exhibit P56.

[682] ts 235 - ts 236, ts 600 (D'Souza).

[684] ts 225 - ts 227, ts 599 (D'Souza); Exhibit P42, Exhibit P43.

[685] ts 227, ts 234, ts 599 (D'Souza).

[686] ts 219 - ts 220 (D'Souza); Exhibit P36.

[687] ts 227 - ts 233, ts 600 - ts 604 (D'Souza); Exhibit P44; Exhibit P45; Exhibit P46; Exhibit; P47; Exhibit P48; Exhibit P49.

[689] ts 147, ts 234 - ts 235, ts 604, ts 663 (D'Souza); Exhibit P 50; Exhibit P51; Exhibit P52.

[696] ts 644 (Edwards-Smith); Exhibit D25, page 15.

[698] Family Court Act 1975 (Cth) s 10F, s 60I. See also: Family Law (Family Dispute Resolution Practitioners) Regulations 2008 (Cth).

[699] Second re-amended statement of claim, par 66A(n), pars 78 - 80.

[700] Second re-amended statement of claim, pars 66A(u), 66A(v).

[701] Second re-amended statement of claim, pars 76, 77, 82 and 82A.

[702] MR & RC Smith Pty Ltd [113] (Pullin JA, with whom Newnes JA agreed & Murphy JA generally agreed).

[703] Planet Fisheries Pty Ltd v La Rosa [1968] HCA 62; (1968) 119 CLR 118, 125 (Barwick CJ, Kitto & Menzies JJ); Houlahan v Pitchen [2009] WASCA 104 [107] (Newnes JA with whom Pullin & Miller JJA agreed); Winiarczyk v Tsirigotis [2011] WASCA 97 [71] (judgment of the court).

1. [704] Planet Fisheries (125); Houlahan [108]; Winiarczyk [71].

[706] CLA s 9(4).

[708] CLA s 10A(2). See generally: Hannell v Amaca Pty Ltd [2006] WASC 310 [333] - [336] (Le Miere J); MR & RC Smith [131] - [133].

[709] Planet Fisheries (124) - (125) (Barwick CJ, Kitto and Menzies JJ); MR & RC Smith [116].

[713] See generally: Second re-amended statement of claim, pars 76, 77, 82 and 82A; Particulars of damages, pt 1.5.

[714] See generally: Benham v Gambling [1941] 1 All ER 7, 13 (Viscount Simon); Sharman v Evans (584) (Gibbs & Stephen JJ); Hannell v Amaca Pty Ltd [347] - [351] (Le Miere J); Easther v Amaca Pty Ltd [2001] WASC 328 [87] - [88] (Scott J); McGilvray v Amaca Pty Ltd [2001] WASC 345 [24] (Pullin J).

[715] CLA s 9(4)(d).

[716] Amount A and Amount C in CLA s 9 are specified by the Minister in the Government Gazette: CLA s 10. Amount A is currently $22,000 and Amount C is $64,500 (Government Gazette, (No 101), 5 July 2019, page 2664).