These regulations set operational, vehicle and equipment rules for taxis and hire vehicles: safety and age limits, vehicle classes, mandatory fittings (taximeters, roof signs, fire extinguishers, approved security cameras), testing, record‑keeping and handling of camera footage, fees and transitional arrangements. They apply to licence holders, vehicle operators, drivers, authorised meter adjusters and manufacturers/fitters. Licence holders and operators bear equipment, testing and record‑keeping costs under regulations 5, 15, 16–19. The Commission holds discretion to appoint meter adjusters (reg 18), approve vehicle modifications (reg 15(4)–(5)), and impose conditions on licences (regs 5–7).
These regulations set operational, technical and administrative rules for taxi, wheelchair‑accessible taxi, luxury hire car and restricted hire vehicle industries. They prescribe vehicle specifications, equipment and testing regimes, licence form and display requirements, controls over security camera systems and video recordings, procedures for authorising meter adjusters, fee items, trip subsidy rules and the circumstances in which licences may be suspended or cancelled. The regulations also consolidate and rescind multiple prior instruments listed in Schedule 4 and provide transitional savings for existing labels, signs, licence plates and authorised meter adjuster appointments (regulations 2, 12, 13, 14, 32 and 33; Schedules 3 and 4).
Mechanically the instrument does the following:
Prescribes defined terms and references to Australian Standards that apply to fire extinguishers and maintenance regimes (regulation 3).
Specifies the content and form of licences, including what must appear on licence documents and number plates (regulation 4 and regulation 11).
Enables the Commission to impose record‑keeping conditions and requires records to be kept in approved forms where imposed (regulation 5).
Imposes a mandatory minimum service level for wheelchair‑accessible taxi licences of 30 hirings carrying a wheelchair passenger per calendar month, with narrowly drawn exceptions (regulation 6).
Lists prescribed circumstances in which the Commission may suspend or cancel a licence, including failure to comply with conditions, unsuitability of vehicles and age limits for luxury hire cars (regulation 9; cross reference to Act sections 36(1), 55(1), 82(1), 84P(1)).
Sets out the equipment required in taxis and on‑demand vehicles: taximeters, roof signs, lights and security camera systems in specified taxi areas; and options for not‑for‑hire signs, radios and fire extinguishers (regulations 16 and 17).
Current sections
Direct links to the current provisions in Taxi and Hire Vehicle Industries Regulations 2023.
AS 1851-2005 means the Australian Standard AS 1851-2005 entitled "Maintenance of fire protection systems and equipment" issued and published by Standards Australia, as amended or substituted from time to time;
AS 2444-2001 means the Australian Standard AS 2444-2001 entitled "Portable fire extinguishers and fire blankets – selection and location" issued and published by Standards Australia, as amended or substituted from time to time;
authorised meter adjuster means a person appointed by the Commission as an authorised meter adjuster under regulation 18 ;
fire extinguisher means a fire extinguisher –
(a) selected and located in accordance with AS 2444-2001; and
(b) maintained in accordance with AS 1851-2005;
holder, in respect of a perpetual taxi licence, means the owner of the licence or, if the licence has been leased, the person who is leasing the licence;
label means a label issued to the holder of a licence by the Commission under regulation 10 ;
security camera system means a security camera and its components approved by the Commission under section 94 of the Act for use in taxis;
sign means a sign issued to the holder of a licence by the Commission under regulation 10 ;
taximeter means an electronic instrument installed in a taxi that –
(a) calculates the charge for hiring the taxi; and
(b) indicates that charge in figures;
wheelchair passenger means a person in a wheelchair who travels in a taxi and who –
(a) satisfies the driver at the completion of the journey that the person is the holder of a transport scheme permit, relating to subsidised taxi travel due to the person's permanent dependence on a wheelchair, under the scheme administered by the Department; or
(b) presents to the taxi driver a taxi travel voucher issued under an equivalent transport scheme of another State or a Territory.
A licence is to be in an approved form and is to include –
(a) the name and address of the holder of the licence; and
(b) the licence number of the licence; and
(c) the number of the licence number plate in respect of the licence; and
(d) the conditions, if any, imposed on the licence; and
(e) in the case of a taxi licence – the taxi area relevant to the licence; and
(f) in the case of a temporary taxi licence, wheelchair-accessible taxi licence, luxury hire car licence or a restricted hire vehicle licence that authorises the provision of a general rhv service – the registration number of each vehicle to which the licence relates; and
(g) any other information considered relevant by the Commission.
5
Record to be kept as condition of licence
5 Record to be kept as condition of licence
Without limiting any power of the Commission to impose a condition on a licence under the Act, the Commission may impose a condition on a licence –
(a) requiring a record to be kept in relation to the hirings undertaken in accordance with the authority of the licence; and
(b) requiring the records so kept to be completed in accordance with the instructions of the Commission.
6
Minimum service level as condition on wheelchair-accessible taxi licence
6 Minimum service level as condition on wheelchair-accessible taxi licence
(1) The Commission must impose on a wheelchair-accessible taxi licence a condition requiring the vehicle to which the licence relates to be used to undertake a minimum of 30 hirings that involve carrying a wheelchair passenger in each calendar month.
(2) The Commission may impose a condition on a wheelchair-accessible taxi licence requiring the vehicle to which the licence relates to be used to undertake a specific number of hirings that involve carrying a wheelchair passenger, in each calendar month, in addition to the minimum number specified in subregulation (1) .
(3) Despite subregulation (1) , the holder of a wheelchair-accessible taxi licence need not comply with a condition imposed under that subregulation in a calendar month if the holder of the licence can demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Commission that –
(a) the vehicle to which the licence relates is, or was, unregistered for a significant proportion of the calendar month; or
(b) the vehicle to which the licence relates is, or was, not in use for a significant proportion of the calendar month; or
(c) the number of hirings of the type required by the condition were not available to the operator of the vehicle to which the licence relates during the calendar month.
7
Reasons for imposition of condition
7 Reasons for imposition of condition
If, in the opinion of the Commission, the imposition of a condition under the Act or these regulations, including a condition to keep a record imposed under regulation 5 , is likely to represent a significant burden for the holder of a licence, or the registered operator of a vehicle to which the licence relates, the Commission is to give to the person on whom the burden is likely to fall reasons for the imposing of the condition.
8
Variation and revocation of conditions on licence
8 Variation and revocation of conditions on licence
The Commission may vary or revoke a condition imposed on a licence under these regulations in the same manner as if the condition were imposed under the Act.
9
Suspension or cancellation of licence
9 Suspension or cancellation of licence
For the purposes of sections 36(1) , 55(1) , 82(1) and 84P(1) of the Act, the prescribed circumstances in which the Commission may suspend or cancel a licence are as follows:
(a) if the holder of the licence fails to comply with a condition imposed on the licence under the Act or these regulations;
(b) if the holder of the licence fails to comply with a requirement applicable to that person under the Act or these regulations;
(c) if the Commission considers that the vehicle to which the licence relates is no longer suitable for use in respect of that licence, or no longer has the prescribed equipment fitted and in working order as required for that type of licence by the Act or these regulations;
(d) if the holder of the licence is found guilty of an offence under section 95 or 96 of the Act;
(e) if the holder of the licence no longer has authority in respect of the vehicle to which the licence relates;
(f) in the case of a luxury hire car licence in respect of a vehicle prescribed as a Group 1 vehicle in accordance with Part 2 of Schedule 1 , if the vehicle was manufactured more than 15 years ago;
(g) in the case of a luxury hire car licence in respect of a vehicle prescribed as a Group 2 vehicle in accordance with Part 2 of Schedule 1 , if the vehicle was manufactured more than 20 years ago.
10
Labels and signs
10 Labels and signs
(1) The Commission may issue a label or a sign to the holder of a licence or the owner, or registered operator, of a vehicle in respect of a licence.
(2) On issuing a label or sign under subregulation (1) , the Commission is to provide the person to whom the label or sign was issued with written instructions on how the label or sign is to be displayed on or in a vehicle.
(3) The Commission may, by written notice to a person to whom a label or sign was issued under subregulation (1) , require the removal or destruction of the label or sign.
(4) If a label or sign issued under subregulation (1) is lost, or damaged to the extent that it is unusable, the holder of the licence in respect of which the label or sign was issued must, as soon as practicable after the holder discovers the loss or damage, notify the Commission of the damage.
11
Licence number plates
11 Licence number plates
(1) If a licence number plate is issued under section 89 of the Act in respect of a licence, the licence number plate is to be fitted –
(a) to the vehicle that is specified in the licence or is being used to provide a service under the authority of the licence; and
(b) so that it displays to the front of the vehicle; and
(c) so that it is clearly legible from a distance of 20 metres at any point within an arc of 45 degrees from the surface of the licence number plate above or to either side of that vehicle.
(2) A notice given to a person under section 90 of the Act is to specify the manner in which a licence number plate is to be returned to the Commission.
(3) If a licence number plate is lost, stolen or damaged to the extent that it is unusable, the holder of the licence in respect of which the licence number plate was issued must, as soon as practicable after the holder discovers the loss, theft or damage –
(a) notify the Commission of the loss, theft or damage; and
(b) if damaged, return the damaged licence number plate to the Commission.
12
Replacement of licences, labels, signs and licence number plates
12 Replacement of licences, labels, signs and licence number plates
(1) If the Commission, of its own volition, changes the information contained on a licence, label, sign or licence number plate, it must issue a replacement licence, label, sign or licence number plate to the holder of the licence to which the changed information applies.
(2) If a licence, or a label, sign or licence number plate issued in respect of a licence, is lost, stolen, damaged or destroyed, the holder of the licence may apply to the Commission for a replacement licence, label, sign or licence number plate, respectively.
(b) include any evidence that the Commission requires, to satisfy the Commission of the loss, theft, damage or destruction; and
(c) be accompanied by the relevant fee specified in Schedule 3 .
(4) If the Commission receives an application under subregulation (2) , the Commission may determine that the licence, label, sign or licence number plate that is the subject of the application is lost, stolen, damaged or destroyed.
(b) an individual seating position on a bench seat; and
(c) a demountable seat (being a seat that is so designed and constructed as to be capable of being readily removed from the vehicle without the need to structurally alter the vehicle); and
(d) a modifiable seat (being a seat that is so designed and constructed as to be capable of being readily retracted, collapsed or folded away when not in use or adapted to another use such as a sofa, bed or storage); and
(e) a seat that, in order to be used, requires the temporary retraction, collapsing or folding-away of a moveable console or armrest; and
(f) a position within which an occupied wheelchair may be secured.
(2) A wheelchair-accessible taxi, in addition to the criteria for wheelchair-accessible taxis set out in Schedule 1 to the Act, must be fitted with a fire extinguisher.
(3) If a vehicle, other than a wheelchair-accessible taxi, used to operate a service under the authority of a licence, is offered for hire as being wheelchair-accessible, the vehicle must –
(a) have no more than 12 seats in any configuration; and
(b) comply with the Disability Standards for Accessible Public Transport 2002 formulated under section 31(1) of the Disability Discrimination Act 1992 of the Commonwealth; and
(c) not have any modifications to make the vehicle wheelchair-accessible that significantly alter the original external appearance of the vehicle; and
(d) be fitted with –
(i) a wheelchair restraint assembly that complies with AS/NZS 10542.1.2009; and
(ii) a secondary, independent emergency-release mechanism on the wheelchair entry door that is clearly labelled with the words "EMERGENCY RELEASE"; and
(iii) a fire extinguisher; and
(e) if fitted with a hoist or ramp, be compliant with AS 3856; and
(f) have an access door adjacent to each outboard seating position; and
(g) have adequate luggage space to the rear of the rearmost seat when the vehicle is not configured to carry a passenger seated in a wheelchair.
(4) The holder of a licence may apply, in an approved form, to the Commission for approval to offer a vehicle, to which the licence relates, that does not comply with one or more of the requirements set out in subregulation (3) , for hire as being wheelchair-accessible.
(6) On making a decision under subregulation (5) , the Commission is to notify the applicant of the decision in relation to the application.
(7) The Commission may grant an application under subregulation (5) subject to any terms and conditions that the Commission thinks fit.
Part 4
Equipment
Part 4 Equipment
Division 1
Installation of equipment
Division 1 Installation of equipment
16
Installation of equipment – generally
16 Installation of equipment – generally
(1) If equipment is installed in a vehicle to which this Act applies, the equipment must –
(a) not affect the compliance of the vehicle with the Vehicle and Traffic Act 1999 or any regulations made under that Act; and
(b) not interfere with any other equipment required to be installed or used in the vehicle; and
(c) not cause injury to an occupant of the vehicle; and
(d) not be installed in a place, or used in such a way as is likely to annoy an occupant of the vehicle; and
(e) if the controls of the equipment are to be operated by the driver of the vehicle, be accessible to the driver while the driver is seated in the normal driving position.
(2) Any vehicle used, or intended for use, to provide an on-demand passenger transport service may be fitted with a security camera system, but, if so fitted, the system must comply with regulation 17(2)(c) as if the vehicle were a taxi required to be fitted with a security camera system.
17
Equipment required for on-demand passenger vehicle
17 Equipment required for on-demand passenger vehicle
(1) In this regulation –
download means to copy a video recording from a security camera system to another storage device, or to print an image from a security camera system;
not-for-hire sign means a sign that –
(a) consists of the words "not for hire"; and
(b) is capable of being displayed in accordance with these regulations;
radio dispatch system means a system that enables two-way contact between the driver of the vehicle and a taxi dispatch service, or other communication network, for purposes including the allocation of work to drivers;
security camera taxi area means any of the following taxi areas:
(a) Burnie taxi area;
(b) Devonport taxi area;
(c) Hobart taxi area;
(d) Huonville taxi area;
(e) Launceston taxi area;
(f) Perth taxi area;
(g) Ulverstone taxi area;
taxi dispatch service means a service –
(a) that provides radio base, computer or telephone services for taxis or makes arrangements for the provision of those services to taxis; or
(b) that provides controlling, co-ordinating, administrative or other services to an operator of a taxi service for the purpose of arranging for a person who requests a taxi service to be provided with one;
taxi roof sign means a sign, affixed to the roof of a vehicle, that indicates that the vehicle is used, or is intended to be used, as a taxi;
video recording includes –
(a) electronically stored material from which a recorded image or recorded sound can be generated or reproduced; and
(b) a printed image from such material.
(2) A vehicle used, or intended for use, as a taxi is to be fitted with the following equipment:
(a) a taximeter installed in such a way that –
(i) the fare displayed on the taximeter is the same as the fare being calculated by the taximeter in relation to the hiring; and
(ii) all passengers can be given the opportunity to view the fare displayed on the taximeter at the conclusion of the hiring;
(b) a roof sign affixed to the exterior roof of the vehicle that displays to the front of the vehicle the word "taxi", or similar words to indicate that the vehicle is a taxi, so that the word or words are clearly legible at a distance of 20 metres from the front of the vehicle during daylight hours or when the taxi roof sign is illuminated;
(c) if the taxi is being operated in a security camera taxi area, a security camera system installed in such a way as to ensure that –
(i) the security camera is visible to all vehicle occupants; and
(ii) the system can be tested to ensure that all features are operational and that images are being recorded; and
(iii) images and video recordings can be easily downloaded;
(d) a light, affixed to the roof of the vehicle or to a taxi roof sign.
(3) A vehicle used, or intended for use, as a taxi may be fitted with the following equipment:
(a) a not-for-hire sign;
(b) a radio dispatch system;
(c) a fire extinguisher.
(4) A not-for-hire sign fitted to a vehicle in accordance with subregulation (3)(a) may be incorporated into a taxi roof sign.
Division 2
Testing of equipment
Division 2 Testing of equipment
18
Authorised meter adjuster
18 Authorised meter adjuster
(1) A person may apply to the Commission to be appointed as an authorised meter adjuster.
(2) An application for appointment as an authorised meter adjuster is to be –
(a) in an approved form; and
(b) accompanied by the fee specified in Schedule 3 .
(3) The Commission may –
(a) appoint a person as an authorised meter adjuster; or
(b) refuse to appoint a person as an authorised meter adjuster.
(4) If the Commission appoints a person under subregulation (3)(a) , it may do so on the terms and conditions that the Commission thinks fit.
(5) The Commission may vary or revoke any conditions of the appointment.
(6) The Commission may suspend or cancel the appointment of a person as an authorised meter adjuster.
(7) Before exercising its power under subregulation (5) or (6) , the Commission is to –
(a) give the appointee notice in writing of its intention, the reasons for the variation, revocation suspension or cancellation and a reasonable opportunity to make representations thereon; and
(b) take any such representations into account in exercising its power under this regulation.
19
Testing of taximeter
19 Testing of taximeter
(1) In this regulation –
relevant fares, in relation to a taxi, means the fares calculated in accordance with a taxi fare order, made and in force under section 66A of the Act, for the taxi area within which, to which and from which the taxi may be operated as a taxi service;
remote electronic update, in respect of a taximeter, means an update, to the functions of the taximeter that correctly calculate and indicate the relevant fares for the taxi in which the taximeter is installed, that is undertaken without physical contact with the taximeter.
(2) An authorised meter adjuster is to test a taximeter, that is unable to undergo a remote electronic update, to verify that the taximeter is –
(a) operating with a margin of error no greater than 1.5%; and
(b) correctly –
(i) measuring elapsed time and distance travelled; and
(ii) calculating and displaying the relevant fares.
20
Testing of taxi security camera
20 Testing of taxi security camera
A security camera system installed in a vehicle is to be tested by the manufacturer, or agent of the manufacturer, in the following circumstances, to ensure that the system is fully operational:
(a) as part of the installation process of the security camera system;
(b) at the following intervals:
(i) no later than 12 months after the day on which the security camera system was tested as part of its installation process;
(ii) at intervals of 12 months from when the security camera system was last tested in accordance with these regulations;
(c) as required by an authorised officer or police officer.
21
Evidence of testing
21 Evidence of testing
An authorised meter adjuster who tests a taximeter or a person who tests a security camera system in accordance with regulation 20 must, after undertaking that testing –
(a) notify the Commission of the outcome of the testing in an approved form; and
(b) place evidence of the testing of the taximeter or security camera system in or on the taxi, in an approved form.
Division 3
Video recordings
Division 3 Video recordings
22
Downloading of video recordings
22 Downloading of video recordings
(1) A person must not download a video recording from a security camera system unless –
(a) the person is acting at the direction of a police officer; or
(b) the person is acting at the direction of an authorised officer or the Commission; or
(c) the person is acting pursuant to an order or direction of a court or tribunal constituted by law; or
(d) it is necessary to reset the security camera system; or
(e) it is required under subregulation (2) to prevent the destruction and deletion of the video recording while the security camera system is being reset; or
(f) it is required as part of the installation or testing procedure of the security camera system.
Penalty: Fine not exceeding 30 penalty units.
(2) If the resetting of a security camera system will result in the destruction or deletion of any video recordings from the security camera system, the person resetting the security camera system must download all video recordings from the security camera system before the system is reset.
Penalty: Fine not exceeding 30 penalty units.
(3) If a video recording is downloaded under subregulation (1)(d) , (e) or (f) and is not required for a police investigation, an investigation by an authorised officer or legal proceedings, the person downloading the video recording must –
(a) keep the video recording for a period of 14 days from the day on which the video recording was downloaded; and
(b) at the end of that 14-day period, dispose of the video recording in accordance with regulation 27 .
Penalty: Fine not exceeding 30 penalty units.
(4) Subregulation (3) does not apply to a video recording that is comprised entirely of test images.
(5) For the purpose of subregulation (3), a video recording downloaded under subregulation (1)(d) , (e) or (f) –
(a) is required for a police investigation, if the recording has been requested by a police officer under regulation 24(2) ; and
(b) is required for an investigation by an authorised officer, if the recording has been requested by an authorised officer under regulation 25(2) .
23
Record of downloading of video recordings
23 Record of downloading of video recordings
(1) A person who has downloaded a video recording from a security camera system in accordance with regulation 22 must –
(a) make a written record of the downloading of the video recording as soon as practicable after the recording is downloaded; and
(b) retain that record for a period of at least 5 years after the record was made.
Penalty: Fine not exceeding 30 penalty units.
(2) The written record required to be made under subregulation (1) is to be in an approved form.
(3) The Commission, by written notice to a person required to retain a written record under subregulation (1) , may require the person to provide a copy of that record to the Commission within the period specified in the written notice.
(4) A person given a written notice under subregulation (3) must comply with that notice.
Penalty: Fine not exceeding 10 penalty units.
24
Video recordings used for legal proceedings by police
24 Video recordings used for legal proceedings by police
(1) A person who downloads a video recording in accordance with regulation 22(1)(a) or (c) must –
(a) forward the video recording to a police officer as soon as possible; and
(b) keep a copy of the video recording for the period of 14 days from the day on which the video recording is forwarded under paragraph (a) ; and
(c) at the end of that 14-day period and in accordance with regulation 27 , dispose of all copies of the recording in the person's possession.
(3) If a police officer requests a video recording under subregulation (2) that has not been provided to an authorised officer under regulation 25 , the person who has downloaded the video recording must –
(a) comply with the request; and
(b) keep a copy of the video recording for a period of 14 days from the day on which the video recording is provided to the police officer; and
(c) at the end of that 14-day period and in accordance with regulation 27 , dispose of all copies of the recording in the person's possession.
Penalty: Fine not exceeding 30 penalty units.
(4) Subregulation (3) does not apply if the person who has downloaded the video recording has provided the video recording to an authorised officer under regulation 25 .
(5) If the person who has downloaded the video recording has provided the video recording to an authorised officer under regulation 25 and a request has been made by a police officer under subregulation (2) , the person is to provide notice in writing to the police officer of –
(a) the name and contact details of the authorised officer to whom the recording was provided; and
(b) the date on which the recording was provided to the authorised officer; and
(c) any other information required by the police officer in respect of the recording.
25
Video recordings used for legal proceedings by authorised officer
25 Video recordings used for legal proceedings by authorised officer
(1) A person who downloads a video recording in accordance with regulation 22(1)(b) must –
(a) forward the video recording to the authorised officer as soon as possible; and
(b) keep a copy of the video recording for the period of 14 days from the day on which the video recording is forwarded under paragraph (a) ; and
(c) at the end of that 14-day period and in accordance with regulation 27 , dispose of all copies of the recording in the person's possession.
(3) If an authorised officer requests a video recording under subregulation (2) that has not been provided to a police officer under regulation 24 , the person who has downloaded the video recording must –
(a) comply with the request; and
(b) keep a copy of the video recording for the period of 14 days from the day on which the video recording is provided to the authorised officer; and
(c) at the end of that 14-day period and in accordance with regulation 27 , dispose of all copies of the recording in the person's possession.
Penalty: Fine not exceeding 30 penalty units.
(4) Subregulation (3) does not apply if the person who has downloaded the video recording has provided the video recording to a police officer under regulation 24 .
26
Use and storage of video recordings
26 Use and storage of video recordings
(1) In this regulation –
unauthorised purpose means a purpose that is not connected with –
(a) the investigation of an alleged offence by a police officer or an authorised officer; or
(b) the prosecution of, or the issue of a notice in respect of, an alleged offence; or
(c) the testing of a security camera system in accordance with these regulations.
(2) A person must not use a video recording made by, or downloaded from, a security camera system, or a copy of such a video recording, for an unauthorised purpose.
Penalty: Fine not exceeding 30 penalty units.
(3) A person in possession of a video recording made by, or downloaded from, a security camera system, or a copy of such a video recording, must ensure that the recording or copy is not misplaced or used for an unauthorised purpose.
Penalty: Fine not exceeding 30 penalty units.
27
Disposal of video recordings
27 Disposal of video recordings
A video recording, or a copy of a video recording, is to be disposed of by –
(a) deleting the original video recording or copy; or
(b) permanently removing any trace of the recording or copy from its storage device; or
(c) destroying the recording or copy so that it is no longer possible to access the recording or copy.
Part 5
Miscellaneous
Part 5 Miscellaneous
28
Documents may be kept and delivered by electronic means
28 Documents may be kept and delivered by electronic means
(1) For the avoidance of doubt, the Commission may determine that certain documents required to be kept, or given, under these regulations may be so kept, or given, by the electronic means specified by the Commission.
(2) Nothing in subregulation (1) prevents a person, including the Commission, from keeping or giving a document, in respect of which there is a determination under that subregulation, by a means other than the electronic means specified by the Commission.
29
Notification of Commission
29 Notification of Commission
(1) A person, who is a member of one of the following classes of persons, must notify the Commission of a change to the person's name or address within 14 days after the change occurs:
(a) the owner of a licence;
(b) the holder of a licence;
(c) the responsible operator of a licence.
(2) If the owner of a perpetual taxi licence leases the licence to another person, the owner of the licence must, no later than 14 days after the commencement or termination of the lease –
(a) provide to the Commission a written notice –
(i) stating the names and addresses of the owner of the licence and the person leasing the licence; and
(ii) stating the date of commencement or termination of the lease; and
(iii) signed by each party to the lease; and
(b) in the case of the commencement of a lease, pay the relevant fee specified in Schedule 3 .
Penalty: Fine not exceeding 10 penalty units.
(3) The Commission is to record the information provided under subregulation (2)(a) in the register of licences.
(4) A lease takes effect on the date recorded, in the register of licences, under subregulation (2) as the date of its commencement.
(5) It is a defence in proceedings for an offence under subregulation (2) if the defendant establishes that –
(a) the person reasonably believed that the Commission had been notified by another person; or
(b) in the case of the termination of the lease, the person was unaware of the termination of the lease.
30
Trip subsidies
30 Trip subsidies
(1) The Commission may pay a trip subsidy to the holder of a wheelchair-accessible taxi licence for each hiring during which the taxi being operated under the authority of the licence carries at least one wheelchair passenger.
(2) The Commission may pay a trip subsidy to the holder of a temporary taxi licence, which authorises the provision of a wheelchair-accessible taxi service, for each hiring during which the taxi being operated under the authority of the licence carries at least one wheelchair passenger.
(3) The Commission may pay a trip subsidy to –
(a) the responsible operator of a perpetual taxi licence; or
(b) the holder of an owner-operator taxi licence –
authorised under section 93 of the Act to operate a service equivalent to a wheelchair-accessible taxi service, for each hiring during which the taxi being operated under the authority of the licence carries at least one wheelchair passenger.
(4) A trip subsidy paid under this regulation is to be the amount of $20.
(5) A person to whom a trip subsidy is paid must pay half of the amount of the subsidy to the driver who undertook the hiring in relation to which the subsidy was paid.
Penalty: Fine not exceeding 25 penalty units.
31
Fees
31 Fees
(1) For the purposes of the Act and these regulations, the fees specified in Schedule 3 are prescribed.
(2) If a person fails to pay a fee required by the Act or these regulations, other than the annual administration fee for a luxury hire car licence, the fee is a debt to the Commission and is recoverable as such in a court of competent jurisdiction.
(2) A label or sign validly issued, or displayed on a vehicle, in accordance with any of the former regulations, immediately before the commencement of these regulations, is taken to be validly issued or displayed for the purposes of these regulations.
(3) An application for the replacement of a lost or damaged licence number plate, label or sign made under any of the former regulations, that immediately before the commencement of these regulations has not been determined, is taken to have been made under regulation 12 .
(4) A person appointed as an authorised meter adjuster under regulation 63 of the Taxi Industry Regulations 2018 is taken to be appointed as an authorised meter adjuster under regulation 18 on the same terms and conditions.
33
Legislation rescinded
33 Legislation rescinded
The legislation specified in Schedule 4 is rescinded.
| | Description | Fee units |
| 1. | Application for luxury hire car licence | 100 |
| 2. | Application for transfer of luxury hire car licence to another person | 10 |
| 3. | Application for transfer of luxury hire car licence to another vehicle | 10 |
Part 7
Restricted hire vehicle licence
Part 7 Restricted hire vehicle licence
| | Description | Fee units |
| 1. | Application for restricted hire vehicle licence | 20 |
| 2. | Application for transfer of restricted hire vehicle licence | 10 |
Part 8
Authorised meter adjuster
Part 8 Authorised meter adjuster
| | Description | Fee units |
| 1. | Application for authorisation as authorised meter adjuster | 10 |
These regulations are administered in the Department of State Growth.
Source text: opening excerpt
Sourced from Tasmanian Legislation Online (legislation.tas.gov.au), CC BY 4.0.
Part 1 Preliminary
Part 1 Preliminary
1 Short title
1 Short title
These regulations may be cited as the Taxi and Hire Vehicle Industries Regulations 2023 .
2 Commencement
2 Commencement
These regulations take effect on the day on which their making is notified in the Gazette.
3 Interpretation
3 Interpretation
(1) In these regulations –
Act means the Taxi and Hire Vehicle Industries Act 2008 ;
AS 1851-2005 means the Australian Standard AS 1851-2005 entitled "Maintenance of fire protection systems and equipment" issued and published by Standards Australia, as amended or substituted from time to time;
AS 2444-2001 means the Australian Standard AS 2444-2001 entitled "Portable fire extinguishers and fire blankets – selection and location" issued and published by Standards Australia, as amended or substituted from time to time;
authorised meter adjuster means a person appointed by the Commission as an authorised meter adjuster under regulation 18 ;
fire extinguisher means a fire extinguisher –
(a) selected and located in accordance with AS 2444-2001; and
(b) maintained in accordance with AS 1851-2005;
holder, in respect of a perpetual taxi licence, means the owner of the licence or, if the licence has been leased, the person who is leasing the licence;
label means a label issued to the holder of a licence by the Commission under regulation 10 ;
means a security camera and its components approved by the Commission under of the Act for use in taxis;
Creates an authorisation regime for meter adjusters, with application, fees and powers to appoint, condition, vary, suspend or cancel appointments (regulation 18; Schedule 3 Part 8).
Requires testing and evidence for taximeters (accuracy margin and testing where remote electronic updates are not possible) and periodic manufacturer/agent testing of security camera systems (regulations 19 and 20), with notification and placement of evidence on the vehicle (regulation 21).
Regulates downloading, use, retention, transfer and disposal of video recordings from taxi security camera systems; limits who may download and when; imposes retention windows and disposal obligations; requires written records of downloads retained for at least five years; and prescribes fines for breaches (regulations 22 to 27).
Authorises the Commission to pay a $20 trip subsidy for hirings that carry at least one wheelchair passenger, and requires half of that subsidy to be paid to the driver, subject to a penalty for non‑payment (regulation 30).
Prescribes a detailed schedule of administrative fees for applications and replacement items (Schedule 3).
The instrument therefore operationalises licensing and safety regimes in the Taxi and Hire Vehicle Industries Act 2008 by providing concrete specifications, testing and record‑keeping obligations, discrete financial incentives for wheelchair service provision and procedural requirements for Commission action. Key implementation levers are technical standards (Schedules and referenced Australian Standards), delegated Commission discretion (conditions, testing approvals, sign issuance), and criminal/fine penalties expressed as penalty units for non‑compliance with the video, notification and subsidy rules (regulations 7, 10, 18, 21‑27, 29‑31).
Main concepts
The regulations work through a set of defined, repeatable concepts that drive compliance and administrative practice. The starting point is the definitions in regulation 3. Important defined terms include:
Act, meaning the Taxi and Hire Vehicle Industries Act 2008 (reg 3(1));
Fire extinguisher, defined by reference to Australian Standards AS 2444‑2001 (selection and location) and AS 1851‑2005 (maintenance) (reg 3(1));
Authorised meter adjuster, a person appointed by the Commission under regulation 18 to test and adjust taximeters (reg 3(1) and reg 18);
Security camera system, defined as a camera and its components approved by the Commission under s 94 of the Act (reg 3(1));
Taximeter, meaning an electronic instrument that calculates and displays the charge for hiring (reg 3(1));
Wheelchair passenger, with a capped definition reliant on proof of a transport scheme permit or equivalent interstate voucher (reg 3(1)).
Structural concepts:
Licence as an instrument: regulation 4 prescribes the form and required content of licences, including number plate numbers, vehicle registration when relevant and applicable conditions.
Conditions and procedural fairness: the Commission may impose conditions (regulation 5), vary or revoke them (regulation 8), and must give reasons where a condition is likely to represent a significant burden (regulation 7). Suspension and cancellation grounds are listed at regulation 9 and cross‑referenced to specific Act provisions.
Equipment and technical compliance: regulation 16 sets general installation rules that require equipment not to affect roadworthiness or cause injury and to be accessible to the driver. Regulation 17 specifies mandatory equipment for taxis: taximeter, roof sign, a light and, in specified taxi areas, an approved security camera system with functional and downloadability requirements.
Testing and evidence trails: taximeters that cannot receive remote electronic updates must be tested by an authorised meter adjuster to a required accuracy (regulation 19). Security camera systems must be tested by the manufacturer or their agent upon installation and annually (regulation 20). Evidence of testing must be notified to the Commission and placed in or on the taxi (regulation 21).
Video governance: detailed rules control when video recordings may be downloaded, the retention period for downloaded material (14 days unless required for investigation or proceedings), obligations to forward recordings to police or authorised officers, record keeping for downloads retained for five years and prescribed disposal methods (regulations 22-27).
Financial measures: Schedule 3 prescribes fees for licence applications, transfers and replacement items; regulation 30 creates a $20 trip subsidy for wheelchair hirings with a requirement that half the subsidy be paid to the driver.
Transitional mechanics: regulation 32 preserves validity of labels/signs issued under previous instruments, carries forward pending replacement applications and treats former authorised meter adjusters as appointed under the new regulation 18 on the same terms.
These concepts show a compliance model that mixes prescriptive technical standards, procedural steps for testing and evidence, administrative discretion for the Commission and monetary levers (fees and subsidies). The security camera and video handling framework is particularly prescriptive, setting permitted download reasons, short holding periods for routine downloads, obligation to disclose to police or authorised officers on request, and long retention for download records. The wheelchair passenger concept is narrowly framed so that subsidy and minimum service obligations attach only where passengers meet specified scheme criteria (regulation 3(1)).
Who it affects
The regulations create obligations and entitlements for several identifiable groups. List of principal actors drawn from the text:
Licence owners and holders: owners, holders and responsible operators of perpetual, temporary, wheelchair‑accessible, luxury hire car and restricted hire vehicle licences are directly regulated on form, display, vehicle suitability, record keeping and notification obligations (regulations 4, 5, 6, 11, 12, 29 and Schedule 3 Parts 1-7).
Drivers: drivers are affected by equipment standards in vehicles they operate (taximeter visibility, roof sign legibility, security cameras in specified areas) and by the subsidy split rule that requires half of the $20 trip subsidy be paid to the driver who undertook the hiring (regulations 17(2)(a), 17(2)(b), 17(2)(c); regulation 30(4)‑(5)).
Responsible operators: those operating services under licence (including owner‑operators) must meet record and vehicle use conditions and can receive subsidies under regulation 30(3).
Wheelchair passengers and disability policy beneficiaries: the regulations define who qualifies as a wheelchair passenger for subsidy and minimum service counting purposes (regulation 3(1)). The entrant rules for wheelchair‑accessible vehicles reference compliance with the Disability Standards for Accessible Public Transport 2002 (regulation 15(3)(b)), so operators offering wheelchair access are required to deliver services consistent with that Commonwealth instrument.
Meter adjusters: individuals who test and certify taximeters will need to be appointed as authorised meter adjusters by the Commission under regulation 18; the Commission sets appointment conditions and fees are in Schedule 3 Part 8.
Manufacturers and agents of security camera systems: they must undertake installation testing and periodic testing (regulation 20) and provide evidence of testing in approved form to the Commission and place that evidence in or on the taxi (regulation 21).
Police and authorised officers: the regulations explicitly allow downloads and requests by police and authorised officers (regulations 22(1)(a), 22(1)(b), 24 and 25). They are the recipients of video recordings and have statutory powers to request copies and to direct action.
The Commission: the Commission has broad decision‑making and enforcement responsibilities. It issues licences, labels and signs, sets conditions, appoints authorised meter adjusters, approves security camera systems for use in taxis under s 94 of the Act and pays trip subsidies (see regulation 10, regulation 18, regulation 17(2)(c), regulation 30).
Vehicle manufacturers and sellers: the vehicle specifications in Schedule 1 affect vehicle choice and procurement practice for taxi and luxury hire sectors, notably ANCAP rating, age limits, wheelbase and value thresholds for luxury hire classes (Schedule 1 Part 1 and Part 2 clauses).
Secondary impacts fall on service providers such as taxi dispatch services and radio dispatch operators (defined as providing two‑way contact and allocation of work, regulation 17(1)). Entities that historically held licences or signs under the former regulations are also affected by the transitional provisions that validate existing labels and signs and carry over authorised meter adjuster appointments (regulation 32).
Financially, applicants and licence holders pay specified fees in Schedule 3 for applications, transfers and replacement items. Non‑monetary burdens include compliance with testing schedules for security cameras and taximeters, statutory records retention (five years for download records at regulation 23(1)), monthly service targets for wheelchair accessible vehicles (regulation 6) and precise display and legibility standards for licence number plates and roof signs (regulation 11 and regulation 17(2)(b)).
Key duties and rights
The regulations allocate specific duties to regulated persons, and grant certain rights and discretions to the Commission, police and authorised officers. Below is a distilled, section‑referenced list of the principal duties and rights.
Duties imposed on licence holders, owners and operators:
Maintain and display licences, labels and signs in the approved form, and notify the Commission if labels or signs are lost or damaged (regulations 4, 10(4), 12(2)‑(3)).
Fit and display licence number plates to the vehicle specified in the licence, front‑mounted and legible from 20 metres within a 45 degree arc (regulation 11(1)(a)‑(c)).
Keep records where the Commission imposes that condition and complete records in accordance with Commission instructions (regulation 5).
For wheelchair‑accessible taxi licences, use the vehicle to undertake a minimum of 30 hirings that involve carrying a wheelchair passenger each calendar month unless satisfying the Commission that the vehicle was unregistered, not in use, or service demand was unavailable (regulation 6(1)‑(3)).
Display and use required equipment in taxis: a correctly functioning taximeter, roof sign and light; if operating in a security camera taxi area, install an approved security camera system and ensure visibility and download capability (regulation 17(2)(a)‑(d)).
Ensure installed equipment does not affect compliance with the Vehicle and Traffic Act 1999 or interfere with other required equipment, cause injury, annoy occupants or be inaccessible to the driver (regulation 16(1)).
Where a vehicle is offered for hire as wheelchair‑accessible but is not a designated wheelchair‑accessible taxi, meet explicit criteria including seat limits, Disability Standards compliance, no major external modifications and specified wheelchair restraint and emergency release features, and fit a fire extinguisher (regulation 15(3)(a)‑(g)).
Notify the Commission within 14 days of name or address changes for owner, holder and responsible operator; notify and record commencement or termination of perpetual taxi licence leases with signed notices and pay fees on commencement (regulation 29(1)‑(4)).
If downloading video recordings in circumstances permitted by regulation 22, make an approved written record as soon as practicable and retain that record for at least five years (regulation 23(1)‑(2)); comply with authorised officer or police requests for copies and forward recordings as set out in regulations 24 and 25.
If paid a trip subsidy under regulation 30, pay half of the subsidy to the driver who undertook the hiring (regulation 30(5)).
Duties on specific classes of persons:
An authorised meter adjuster must test taximeters that cannot be remotely updated to ensure a margin of error no greater than 1.5% and correct measurement of elapsed time, distance and fare calculation (regulation 19(2)).
A manufacturer or their agent must test security camera systems at installation and annually thereafter, and when required by an authorised officer or police officer, to ensure full operation (regulation 20).
Rights, discretions and procedural protections:
The Commission may issue, require removal, or require destruction of labels and signs and must provide written instructions on display (regulation 10(1)‑(3)).
The Commission may impose conditions on licences and may vary or revoke those conditions in the same manner as if imposed under the Act (regulations 5 and 8).
The Commission must give reasons if the imposition of a condition is likely to represent a significant burden on the licence holder or registered operator (regulation 7).
Applicants may apply to the Commission for approval to use non‑compliant vehicles as wheelchair‑accessible hires; the Commission may grant or refuse, and may attach terms and conditions to grants (regulation 15(4)‑(7)).
Persons may apply to be appointed as authorised meter adjusters and the Commission may appoint, refuse, attach conditions, vary, suspend or cancel appointments, subject to procedural notice and opportunity to be heard prior to variation, revocation, suspension or cancellation (regulation 18(1)‑(7)).
The Commission has administrative discretion to determine certain documents may be kept or delivered electronically and to specify the electronic means (regulation 28).
Enforcement and investigatory rights:
Police officers and authorised officers can request video recordings. Where a recording is downloaded for resetting or installation, the downloader must keep the recording for 14 days unless required for police or authorised officer investigation; in such cases the recording must be forwarded and kept for the specified period (regulations 22-25).
The Commission may require production of written records of downloads within specified periods by written notice (regulation 23(3)‑(4)).
Monetary and procedural rights for applicants:
Fees are prescribed for specific applications and replacement items in Schedule 3, and unpaid fees (except the luxury hire car annual administration fee) are recoverable as a debt (regulation 31).
The regulations therefore mix prescriptive operational duties on vehicle operators and apparatus suppliers with Commission powers to approve, condition and enforce. Procedural protections include written reasons where conditions are a significant burden and notice and the right to make representations before revocation or suspension of authorised meter adjuster appointments (regulations 7 and 18(7)).
Penalties and enforcement
The instrument specifies a range of pecuniary penalties for contraventions of the video handling, record keeping, notification and subsidy rules, and embeds enforcement through police and authorised officers. Penalties are expressed as penalty units and the Commission retains suspension and cancellation powers under cross‑referenced Act sections. Key enforcement mechanics and penalties are:
Specified penalties (all cited to the relevant regulation):
Unauthorised downloading of video recordings: a person must not download a video recording from a security camera system unless an expressly listed exception applies (police direction, authorised officer/Commission direction, court order, necessary for reset, required to prevent destruction while resetting, or required for installation/testing). Breach attracts a fine not exceeding 30 penalty units (regulation 22(1); penalty).
Failure to download before reset where resetting would delete recordings: fine not exceeding 30 penalty units (regulation 22(2); penalty).
Failure to retain downloaded video recordings for the 14‑day period where required by regulation 22(3): fine not exceeding 30 penalty units (regulation 22(3); penalty).
Failure to make and retain a written record of downloading (as soon as practicable, with retention for at least five years) carries a fine not exceeding 30 penalty units (regulation 23(1); penalty).
Failure to comply with a Commission written notice to produce a retained written record under regulation 23(3) attracts a fine not exceeding 10 penalty units (regulation 23(4); penalty).
Where downloaded video recordings are used for legal proceedings, obligations to forward to police or authorised officers and to dispose of copies after 14 days are backed by fines not exceeding 30 penalty units (regulations 24 and 25, each with penalties).
Use of video recordings for an unauthorised purpose, or failing to keep recordings secure, attract fines not exceeding 30 penalty units (regulation 26(2) and (3); penalties).
Failure to pay half of a trip subsidy to the driver who undertook the hiring attracts a fine not exceeding 25 penalty units (regulation 30(5); penalty).
Failure to notify the Commission within 14 days of lease commencement or termination of perpetual taxi licences carries a fine not exceeding 10 penalty units (regulation 29(2); penalty).
Failure to notify the Commission of name or address changes for owner, holder or responsible operator within 14 days is a duty; while regulation 29(1) sets the obligation without specifying a penalty, the lease notification provision carries a specified fine.
Administrative enforcement:
The Commission may suspend or cancel licences in the prescribed circumstances set out at regulation 9, cross‑referenced to Act sections 36(1), 55(1), 82(1) and 84P(1). The grounds include failure to comply with conditions or requirements, vehicle unsuitability or missing prescribed equipment, conviction of certain offences under the Act, loss of authority over the vehicle and age‑based grounds for luxury hire cars (regulation 9(a)‑(g)).
The Commission may appoint, vary conditions of, suspend or cancel appointments of authorised meter adjusters and must give notice and an opportunity to make representations prior to variation, revocation, suspension or cancellation (regulation 18(3)‑(7)).
Police officers and authorised officers may request video recordings within the 14‑day holding period; if so requested, a person must comply and provide copies, and also forward recordings downloaded under police/tribunal/court direction as soon as possible (regulations 24 and 25).
The Commission may require removal or destruction of labels and signs by written notice (regulation 10(3)) and specify return procedures for licence number plates under section 90 of the Act (regulation 11(2)).
Practical enforcement considerations embedded in the text:
Many procedural duties are expressed in terms of keeping records in an "approved form" and complying with Commission instructions (regulations 5, 21, 23(2), 28). Enforcement therefore relies on administrative specifications as well as the written text of the regulations.
Penalties are measured in penalty units. The regulations do not convert penalty units to dollar amounts. For enforcement budgeting and exposure analysis, regulated parties must match the jurisdictional penalty unit value current at the time of any breach.
The Commission has both administrative sanctioning power (conditions, suspension, cancellation, notice requirements) and investigatory support through authorised officers who can direct downloads and request footage; police have parallel powers for criminal investigations.
In sum, the statutory enforcement architecture combines specific monetary fines for video‑related and notification breaches with the Commission’s licence control powers and the investigatory roles of police and authorised officers. Compliance therefore requires attention to both narrow technical rules (video download and retention windows, evidence placement) and broader administrative obligations (facility to receive notices, respond to Commission or authorised officer requests, maintain approved form records).
How it interacts with other laws
The regulations repeatedly anchor obligations to other legislative instruments and standards. Those references define compliance points where regulated persons must meet overlapping legal requirements. The principal cross‑references in the text are:
Taxi and Hire Vehicle Industries Act 2008: the regulations are subordinate to and operate for the purposes of that Act. Multiple provisions are expressly linked to particular Act sections. Examples include the definition of security camera system tied to s 94 of the Act (regulation 3(1)); the specification of vehicle suitability references s 24(4) and luxury hire car criteria reference s 73(1) (regulation 14); and suspension/cancellation circumstances are expressed for the purposes of sections 36(1), 55(1), 82(1) and 84P(1) (regulation 9). Many of the Commission’s powers in the regulations flow from enabling powers in that Act.
Passenger Transport Services Act 2011 and its Regulations 2023: regulation 3(2) provides that, unless the contrary intention appears, terms used in these regulations and in the Passenger Transport Services Act or its regulations have the same meaning. That cross‑reference harmonises definitions across passenger transport legislation.
Vehicle and Traffic Act 1999: equipment installed in vehicles must not affect compliance with the Vehicle and Traffic Act 1999 or its regulations (regulation 16(1)(a)). This creates an indirect link to roadworthiness, registration, lighting and other vehicle rules under that Act.
Disability Standards for Accessible Public Transport 2002 (formulated under s 31(1) of the Disability Discrimination Act 1992): vehicles offered for hire as wheelchair‑accessible must comply with the Disability Standards (regulation 15(3)(b)). This places an accessibility standard of Commonwealth origin into duties for regulated vehicles.
Australian Standards: AS 1851‑2005 (maintenance of fire protection systems and equipment) and AS 2444‑2001 (portable fire extinguishers and fire blankets) are incorporated by reference for the definition of "fire extinguisher" and for fire extinguisher maintenance obligations where specified (regulation 3(1); regulation 15(2) and 15(3)(d)(iii)). Compliance therefore implicates recognised technical standards.
A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Act 1999 and luxury car tax thresholds: Schedule 1 Part 2 defines "value" and requires reference to the luxury car tax threshold as determined by the Australian Taxation Office for classification of Group 1 and Group 2 luxury hire cars (Schedule 1 Part 2 clause 2). That ties eligibility for particular licence classes to Commonwealth tax thresholds.
Rules Publication Act 1953: the rescission list in Schedule 4 and the publication and gazettal process are displayed in accordance with that Act.
Courts and tribunals: regulation 22(1)(c) permits downloading pursuant to an order or direction of a court or tribunal constituted by law. The regulations therefore interact with judicial and quasi‑judicial processes for evidence production.
Operational interactions and compliance intersections:
Privacy and evidence law: while the regulations do not themselves cite particular privacy statutes, the video recordings rules intersect with evidentiary obligations and criminal investigatory processes by permitting police and authorised officers to request recordings and by allowing court orders. Entities handling recordings must therefore consider overlaying privacy or surveillance law obligations not set out in these regulations, although those are not detailed here.
Road safety and vehicle standards: the requirement that installed equipment not affect compliance with the Vehicle and Traffic Act 1999 creates a practical dependency on compliance with vehicle standards and possible interactions with state motor registration authorities.
Previous industry regulations: regulation 32 preserves transitional effects for instruments listed (Luxury Hire Car Industry Regulations 2018; Restricted Hire Vehicle Industry Regulations 2013; Taxi Industry Regulations 2018 and their amendments). Schedule 4 rescinds those instruments, so compliance practice must now follow the new consolidated regulations and the transitional mechanics in regulation 32.
In short, regulated parties must treat these regulations as part of a network of obligations spanning state transport law, Commonwealth accessibility law and technical Australian Standards. Compliance planning should identify where actions under these regulations also trigger duties under the Vehicle and Traffic Act 1999, the Disability Discrimination Act and tax law thresholds used in Schedule 1.
Amendment history
The regulation text itself supplies a limited amendment and transitional record. Key historical and transitional points contained in the instrument are:
Commencement and gazettal: the regulations take effect on the day their making is notified in the Gazette (regulation 2). The instrument notes it was notified in the Gazette on 26 June 2023 (final lines of the instrument).
Consolidation and rescission: Schedule 4 lists the instruments rescinded by these regulations. The rescinded items include the Luxury Hire Car Industry Regulations 2018 (and amendments of 2020 and 2021), Restricted Hire Vehicle Industry Regulations 2013 (and amendments 2014, 2018, 2020), Taxi Industry Regulations 2018 (and amendments in 2020 and 2022), and other taxi industry amendments up to 2022. Regulation 33 gives effect to the rescissions by reference to Schedule 4.
Transitional and saving provisions: regulation 32 contains savings and transitional rules that preserve the validity of labels and signs issued under former regulations (regulation 32(2)), treat pending replacement applications made under former regulations as though made under regulation 12 (regulation 32(3)), and carry over appointments of authorised meter adjusters made under the old Taxi Industry Regulations 2018 as appointments under the new regulation 18 on the same terms and conditions (regulation 32(4)).
Replacement mechanics: regulation 12(1) obliges the Commission to issue replacement licences, labels, signs or licence number plates if the Commission itself changes information, and reg 12(2)‑(5) sets out the application process, evidence and fees for replacements. That mechanism supports the transitional carryover of previously issued items under regulation 32.
Fee schedule continuity: Schedule 3 sets a consolidated fee schedule across licence classes and replacement items. Those fees replace or supersede the fee structures in the rescinded instruments. Schedule 3 is presented in parts corresponding to licence classes and items.
No amendment history beyond the making date is recorded in the text: the regulations themselves do not list earlier variations to these 2023 regulations because they are the operative instrument rescinding earlier instruments. Any post‑2023 amendments would appear in an updated consolidated text or amending instruments not contained in the supplied document.
For practitioners tracking regulatory change, the concrete signals in the text are that a consolidation occurred in 2023, pre‑existing appointments of authorised meter adjusters were preserved, labels/signs/licence plates remain valid under the new instrument, and fees were re‑set in Schedule 3. The rescission list in Schedule 4 shows the legislative genealogy the Commission relied upon when consolidating rules. The commencement rule requires a Gazette notice to bring the regulations into force (regulation 2), so any retrospective or staged commencement dates would be specified in that Gazette notice where relevant.
Litigation history
The regulations themselves do not cite or record any judicial decisions, civil or criminal prosecutions, or tribunal determinations. No cases are named in the text. The instrument is a regulatory consolidation and does not contain an attachment listing litigation outcomes under the predecessor instruments.
What can be inferred from the text about litigation risk and enforceable pathways:
The regulations create offences and pecuniary penalties enforceable under the regulatory framework and potentially prosecuted in a relevant court where penalty units are applied. Specific contraventions with specified penalties include unauthorised downloading or mishandling of video recordings, failure to maintain download records, failure to comply with authorised officer or police directions about recordings, misuse of recordings, failure to pay stipulated subsidy shares to drivers and failure to notify the Commission of certain leasing events (regulations 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 29 and 30).
Enforcement actions may also take non‑criminal administrative forms. The Commission has the power to suspend or cancel licences for prescribed reasons (regulation 9). Such administrative sanctions can themselves be the subject of review, appeal or judicial review processes under administrative law, although the regulations do not specify review mechanisms. Any such challenges would engage the rights and remedies provided by the Act or general administrative law.
Evidence produced from security camera systems is explicitly designed to be admissible for police investigations and court proceedings. The regulations facilitate forwarding of recordings to police and recognise court or tribunal directions that authorise downloading (regulation 22(1)(a) and (c); regulations 24-25). Disputes about admissibility, chain of custody, privacy or procedural fairness would arise under general evidentiary rules and privacy law, not within the regulations themselves.
The authorisation and variation/suspension process for authorised meter adjusters contains procedural safeguards: the Commission must give notice in writing and a reasonable opportunity to make representations before varying or suspending an appointment (regulation 18(7)). Disputes about such decisions would be contested under administrative law principles.
Because the instrument contains no reported litigation, practitioners seeking precedential guidance must look to decisions under the Act, appeals from Commission decisions, or cases interpreting equivalent provisions in predecessor instruments. Those are not supplied here.
Gotchas
The regulations include several precise technical and administrative rules where operational practitioners commonly encounter compliance friction. The following are concrete "gotchas" drawn directly from the text, with cross‑references to the regulating provisions.
Wheelchair minimum service level and proof:
The Commission must impose a condition requiring each wheelchair‑accessible taxi licence vehicle to undertake a minimum of 30 hirings that involve carrying a wheelchair passenger in each calendar month (regulation 6(1)). The holder may avoid compliance for a calendar month only if they can demonstrate, to the Commission's satisfaction, that the vehicle was unregistered for a significant proportion of the month, not in use for a significant proportion of the month, or that hirings of the required type were not available to the operator during the month (regulation 6(3)). The term "significant proportion" is not defined in the regulations, creating administrative discretion and the need for documentary proof to satisfy the Commission.
The definition of "wheelchair passenger" is narrow: the passenger must either show they hold a transport scheme permit for subsidised taxi travel due to permanent dependence on a wheelchair under the Department's scheme, or present an equivalent interstate transport voucher (regulation 3(1)). Casual carriage of a person in a wheelchair without these documents will not count toward the 30‑hire minimum or subsidy eligibility.
Subsidy mechanics and driver payment:
The trip subsidy is fixed at $20 per eligible hiring (regulation 30(4)), and the person who receives the subsidy must pay half to the driver who undertook the hiring (regulation 30(5)). Failure to pay half to the driver carries a fine up to 25 penalty units. Organisations receiving subsidies must maintain the accounting and payment flows required by this rule; failing to do so exposes them to penalty risk.
Security camera download rules and short retention window:
Downloading of video recordings is tightly controlled. A person must not download a recording except in narrowly enumerated circumstances (police, authorised officer or Commission direction, court order, reset, prevention of destruction while resetting, or installation/testing) (regulation 22(1)). Breach attracts a fine up to 30 penalty units.
Where a recording is downloaded because resetting would destroy it or because of installation/testing, and it is not required for police or authorised officer investigations or legal proceedings, the downloader must keep it for only 14 days and then dispose of it in accordance with regulation 27 (regulation 22(3)). The 14‑day window is brief for internal review and retention, so operational procedures must be tight to ensure compliance with forwarding requests within that window and proper disposal thereafter.
Records of downloads must be made in an approved form and kept for at least five years (regulation 23(1)‑(2)). The Commission can require a copy of that record within a specified period and failure to comply attracts a separate fine (regulation 23(3)‑(4)). Organisations must therefore implement durable, auditable logging systems and retain them for a multi‑year period.
Testing and evidence placement:
Security camera systems must be tested by the manufacturer or their agent on installation, at least annually and when required by an authorised officer or police officer (regulation 20). Evidence of testing must be notified to the Commission in an approved form and placed in or on the taxi (regulation 21). Failure to have an approved test record available could be treated as non‑compliance with equipment obligations under regulation 17(2)(c) and may expose the licence to sanction under regulation 9(c).
Taximeter update and testing path dependency:
The regulations distinguish between remote electronic updates and taximeters that cannot undergo such updates. Where remote electronic updates are not possible, an authorised meter adjuster must test the taximeter to verify it operates with a margin of error no greater than 1.5% and correctly measures elapsed time, distance and fares (regulation 19(2)). Operators must ensure access to an authorised meter adjuster and maintenance records, especially where remote update infrastructure is not in place.
Vehicle age and specification traps:
Taxi vehicle age and safety thresholds are prescriptive: non‑wheelchair taxis must have ANCAP 5‑star ratings, be constructed primarily to carry passengers, have no more than nine seats, and meet age limits (first used as a taxi no more than 7 years old; any time occasion of use no more than 12 years old) (Schedule 1 Part 1 clause 1). Exceptions are narrow and relate to vehicles already operating as taxis on 30 December 2020 or those transitioning from luxury hire car use, subject to other age limits (Schedule 1 Part 1 clause 2). Procuring vehicles without confirming these fine age and safety criteria can immediately create non‑compliance risk.
Luxury hire car classification depends on manufacturer’s recommended retail price (value) and the luxury car tax threshold for the year of manufacture. Group 1 and Group 2 thresholds differ and are based on multiples of the luxury car tax threshold (Schedule 1 Part 2 clause 2). Mis‑classification affects licence eligibility and potential suspension for age thresholds set in regulation 9(f)-(g).
Label, sign and plate technicalities:
Labels and signs are issued with written display instructions and the Commission may require removal or destruction by written notice (regulation 10(2)‑(3)). Licence number plates must be legible from 20 metres within a 45 degree arc and fitted to the specified vehicle (regulation 11(1)). Operators often err in placement and visibility, creating straightforward but immediate compliance exposures.
Commission discretion and procedural ambiguity:
Several key standards reference Commission approval, "approved form", or "as the Commission thinks fit" without prescribing objective criteria (regulations 4(g), 5(b), 10(1), 12(3), 15(7), 18(4), 21(a), 23(2), 28(1), 32(4)). This leaves space for administrative discretion and requires regulated parties to engage proactively with the Commission to obtain clarity and approvals.
These are practical compliance pinch points. Each involves documentary proof, time‑sensitive actions or engagement with Commission discretion. Operators should document processes that address the short retention windows for video, provide auditable logs, maintain up‑to‑date testing evidence for cameras and meters and retain records proving inability to meet wheelchair minimums where claimed.
How to comply
Compliance requires coordinated operational, recordkeeping and procurement measures mapped directly to the regulations. Below is a practical checklist, drawn from relevant provisions, designed for licence holders, operators, fleet managers and compliance officers.
Governance and Commission interaction:
Register and maintain contact details: ensure the owner, holder and responsible operator names and addresses are updated with the Commission within 14 days of change (regulation 29(1)). For leases of perpetual taxi licences, provide written notice signed by both parties within 14 days of commencement or termination and pay the applicable fee on commencement (regulation 29(2); Schedule 3 Part 2).
Engage with the Commission proactively: apply for any approvals, exceptions or authorisations (authorised meter adjuster appointments under regulation 18; applications for non‑compliant wheelchair‑accessible vehicles under regulation 15(4)); obtain written display instructions for labels and signs (regulation 10(2)). Keep copies of Commission communications and comply with any "approved form" requirements.
Vehicle procurement and ongoing technical compliance:
Verify vehicle specifications against Schedule 1 before purchase or conversion. For taxis: confirm ANCAP 5‑star rating, seat count, access door provisions, age at first operation as a taxi (no more than 7 years) and ongoing age limit (no more than 12 years) (Schedule 1 Part 1). For luxury hire cars: confirm wheelbase and "value" relative to luxury car tax thresholds as set out in Schedule 1 Part 2 clause 2.
Ensure wheelchair‑accessible vehicles meet Disability Standards and the equipment list in regulation 15(3). That includes AS/NZS 10542.1.2009 compliant wheelchair restraint assembly, labelled secondary emergency release mechanism, hoist/ramp compliance with AS 3856 where fitted and fire extinguisher meeting AS 2444‑2001 and maintained to AS 1851‑2005 (regulation 15(3)(b), (d)(i)‑(iii), (e); regulation 3).
Equipment, installation and operation:
Taximeters: ensure every taxi has a correctly configured taximeter that calculates and displays relevant fares and is visible to passengers at conclusion of a hiring (regulation 17(2)(a)). Where remote electronic updates are not supported, arrange for testing by an authorised meter adjuster to confirm margin of error ≤1.5% and correct time/distance/fare measurement (regulation 19).
Security camera systems: if operating in a security camera taxi area (Schedule 2 and regulation 17(1)), install a Commission‑approved system under s 94 of the Act, ensure the camera is visible to occupants, that the system can be tested and images are downloadable (regulation 17(2)(c); regulation 20). Set up an annual testing contract with the manufacturer or their authorised agent, including installation testing, annual testing and ad‑hoc testing on authorised officer or police request (regulation 20).
Fire extinguishers: fit fire extinguishers where required by regulation 15(2) and regulation 17(3)(c), ensure selection and location comply with AS 2444‑2001 and maintenance with AS 1851‑2005 (regulation 3).
Records, testing evidence and documentation:
Place evidence of taximeter and security camera testing in or on the taxi and notify the Commission in the approved form after testing (regulation 21). Retain copies of testing certificates and manufacturer reports.
If a security camera recording is downloaded, make the written record in the approved form as soon as practicable and retain it for at least five years (regulation 23(1)‑(2)). Implement a secure log or electronic audit trail that records download reason, date/time, person downloading, chain of custody, and any forwarding to police/authorised officers.
Implement a schedule to dispose of downloaded recordings not required for police/authorised officer investigations after 14 days and dispose in accordance with regulation 27 (delete/remove traces/destroy). Ensure disposal procedures are auditable.
Keep a register of all licences, labels, signs and replacement plate numbers and actions taken under regulation 12 to obtain replacements where loss or damage occurs. Applications for replacement must be in approved form, include evidence and be accompanied by the fee in Schedule 3 (regulation 12(2)‑(3); Schedule 3 Part 1).
Video handling operational rules:
Restrict download capability to persons who are explicitly acting under the listed exceptions in regulation 22(1). Train staff to recognise when an authorised officer or police officer direction is in force and to follow written procedures for forwarding and retention.
If downloading for reset, installation or testing purposes, ensure the recording is kept for exactly 14 days (unless requested by police/authorised officer) and disposed thereafter. Create automated alerts and disposal workflows to avoid accidental retention beyond 14 days or premature deletion before requests.
Respond promptly to police and authorised officer requests within the specified 14‑day window and document all transfers. If providing a recording to an authorised officer, ensure the person who downloaded it provides notice to police of the authorised officer details if police later request the recording (regulation 24(5)).
Trip subsidy administration:
To claim or administer the $20 trip subsidy for wheelchair hirings, maintain documentary proof that the passenger qualifies as a "wheelchair passenger" per regulation 3(1). Establish payroll or payment systems so that half of each subsidy is paid to the driver at or shortly after the collection of the subsidy. Retain subsidy payment records to demonstrate compliance in case of Commission audit (regulation 30(1)‑(5)).
Authorised meter adjuster regime:
If using authorised meter adjusters, ensure they are appointed by the Commission and have paid the fee per Schedule 3 Part 8. Keep copies of their appointment conditions and any variations. If operating a maintenance business that seeks appointment, follow the application process and be prepared to accept conditions set by the Commission, including procedural notice and representation rights before variation or suspension of appointment (regulation 18).
Procedural and administrative discipline:
Adopt "approved form" standards by requesting copies of approved forms from the Commission and using them for records specified in regulations 5, 12(3), 21, 23 and elsewhere. The Commission may determine certain documents can be kept or given electronically; where such determinations exist, align internal systems to the specified electronic means (regulation 28).
For wheelchair‑accessible taxi minimums, keep daily trip logs that capture date/time, passenger qualification, fare and voucher or permit evidence to produce to the Commission if claim of exemption is made for a calendar month (regulation 6(3)).
Maintain a compliance calendar with annual tasks: security camera annual test, taximeter calibration reminders, licence renewals and vehicle age thresholds to avoid automatic issues under regulation 9 (for luxury hire car age grounds and other vehicle suitability problems).
Engage external providers and legal support where needed:
Contract with reputable camera manufacturers/agents who will provide installation and 12‑month testing services and provide test evidence in approved formats required by regulation 21.
Use authorised meter adjusters appointed by the Commission for taximeter testing and retain their certificates and adjustment records.
Seek Commission guidance or written approvals where regulations provide discretionary paths (for example, approval to use a vehicle not fully complying with regulation 15(3) for hire as wheelchair‑accessible).
This compliance architecture maps directly to the regulatory obligations. The combination of short video retention windows, multi‑year download record retention and precise vehicle specification and subsidy payment rules means that operational, technical and financial workflows must be aligned and auditable to avoid fines and administrative sanctions.
sign means a sign issued to the holder of a licence by the Commission under regulation 10 ;
taximeter means an electronic instrument installed in a taxi that –
(a) calculates the charge for hiring the taxi; and
(b) indicates that charge in figures;
wheelchair passenger means a person in a wheelchair who travels in a taxi and who –
(a) satisfies the driver at the completion of the journey that the person is the holder of a transport scheme permit, relating to subsidised taxi travel due to the person's permanent dependence on a wheelchair, under the scheme administered by the Department; or
(b) presents to the taxi driver a taxi travel voucher issued under an equivalent transport scheme of another State or a Territory.
(2) Unless the contrary intention appears in the Act or these regulations, a term used in these regulations and also in the Passenger Transport Services Act 2011 or Passenger Transport Services Regulations 2023 has the same meaning in these regulations as in that Act or those regulations.
Part 2 Licences
Part 2 Licences
4 Form of licences
4 Form of licences
A licence is to be in an approved form and is to include –
(a) the name and address of the holder of the licence; and
(b) the licence number of the licence; and
(c) the number of the licence number plate in respect of the licence; and
(d) the conditions, if any, imposed on the licence; and
(e) in the case of a taxi licence – the taxi area relevant to the licence; and
(f) in the case of a temporary taxi licence, wheelchair-accessible taxi licence, luxury hire car licence or a restricted hire vehicle licence that authorises the provision of a general rhv service – the registration number of each vehicle to which the licence relates; and
(g) any other information considered relevant by the Commission.
5 Record to be kept as condition of licence
5 Record to be kept as condition of licence
Without limiting any power of the Commission to impose a condition on a licence under the Act, the Commission may impose a condition on a licence –
(a) requiring a record to be kept in relation to the hirings undertaken in accordance with the authority of the licence; and
(b) requiring the records so kept to be completed in accordance with the instructions of the Commission.
6 Minimum service level as condition on wheelchair-accessible taxi licence
6 Minimum service level as condition on wheelchair-accessible taxi licence
(1) The Commission must impose on a wheelchair-accessible taxi licence a condition requiring the vehicle to which the licence relates to be used to undertake a minimum of 30 hirings that involve carrying a wheelchair passenger in each calendar month.
(2) The Commission may impose a condition on a wheelchair-accessible taxi licence requiring the vehicle to which the licence relates to be used to undertake a specific number of hirings that involve carrying a wheelchair passenger, in each calendar month, in addition to the minimum number specified in subregulation (1) .
(3) Despite subregulation (1) , the holder of a wheelchair-accessible taxi licence need not comply with a condition imposed under that subregulation in a calendar month if the holder of the licence can demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Commission that –
(a) the vehicle to which the licence relates is, or was, unregistered for a significant proportion of the calendar month; or
(b) the vehicle to which the licence relates is, or was, not in use for a significant proportion of the calendar month; or
(c) the number of hirings of the type required by the condition were not available to the operator of the vehicle to which the licence relates during the calendar month.
7 Reasons for imposition of condition
7 Reasons for imposition of condition
If, in the opinion of the Commission, the imposition of a condition under the Act or these regulations, including a condition to keep a record imposed under regulation 5 , is likely to represent a significant burden for the holder of a licence, or the registered operator of a vehicle to which the licence relates, the Commission is to give to the person on whom the burden is likely to fall reasons for the imposing of the condition.
8 Variation and revocation of conditions on licence
8 Variation and revocation of conditions on licence
The Commission may vary or revoke a condition imposed on a licence under these regulations in the same manner as if the condition were imposed under the Act.
9 Suspension or cancellation of licence
9 Suspension or cancellation of licence
For the purposes of sections 36(1) , 55(1) , 82(1) and 84P(1) of the Act, the prescribed circumstances in which the Commission may suspend or cancel a licence are as follows:
(a) if the holder of the licence fails to comply with a condition imposed on the licence under the Act or these regulations;
(b) if the holder of the licence fails to comply with a requirement applicable to that person under the Act or these regulations;
(c) if the Commission considers that the vehicle to which the licence relates is no longer suitable for use in respect of that licence, or no longer has the prescribed equipment fitted and in working order as required for that type of licence by the Act or these regulations;
(d) if the holder of the licence is found guilty of an offence under section 95 or 96 of the Act;
(e) if the holder of the licence no longer has authority in respect of the vehicle to which the licence relates;
(f) in the case of a luxury hire car licence in respect of a vehicle prescribed as a Group 1 vehicle in accordance with Part 2 of Schedule 1 , if the vehicle was manufactured more than 15 years ago;
(g) in the case of a luxury hire car licence in respect of a vehicle prescribed as a Group 2 vehicle in accordance with Part 2 of Schedule 1 , if the vehicle was manufactured more than 20 years ago.
10 Labels and signs
10 Labels and signs
(1) The Commission may issue a label or a sign to the holder of a licence or the owner, or registered operator, of a vehicle in respect of a licence.
(2) On issuing a label or sign under subregulation (1) , the Commission is to provide the person to whom the label or sign was issued with written instructions on how the label or sign is to be displayed on or in a vehicle.
(3) The Commission may, by written notice to a person to whom a label or sign was issued under subregulation (1) , require the removal or destruction of the label or sign.
(4) If a label or sign issued under subregulation (1) is lost, or damaged to the extent that it is unusable, the holder of the licence in respect of which the label or sign was issued must, as soon as practicable after the holder discovers the loss or damage, notify the Commission of the damage.
11 Licence number plates
11 Licence number plates
(1) If a licence number plate is issued under section 89 of the Act in respect of a licence, the licence number plate is to be fitted –
(a) to the vehicle that is specified in the licence or is being used to provide a service under the authority of the licence; and
(b) so that it displays to the front of the vehicle; and
(c) so that it is clearly legible from a distance of 20 metres at any point within an arc of 45 degrees from the surface of the licence number plate above or to either side of that vehicle.
(2) A notice given to a person under section 90 of the Act is to specify the manner in which a licence number plate is to be returned to the Commission.
(3) If a licence number plate is lost, stolen or damaged to the extent that it is unusable, the holder of the licence in respect of which the licence number plate was issued must, as soon as practicable after the holder discovers the loss, theft or damage –
(a) notify the Commission of the loss, theft or damage; and
(b) if damaged, return the damaged licence number plate to the Commission.
12 Replacement of licences, labels, signs and licence number plates
12 Replacement of licences, labels, signs and licence number plates
(1) If the Commission, of its own volition, changes the information contained on a licence, label, sign or licence number plate, it must issue a replacement licence, label, sign or licence number plate to the holder of the licence to which the changed information applies.
(2) If a licence, or a label, sign or licence number plate issued in respect of a licence, is lost, stolen, damaged or destroyed, the holder of the licence may apply to the Commission for a replacement licence, label, sign or licence number plate, respectively.
(3) An application made under subregulation (2) is to –
(a) be in an approved form; and
(b) include any evidence that the Commission requires, to satisfy the Commission of the loss, theft, damage or destruction; and
(c) be accompanied by the relevant fee specified in Schedule 3 .
(4) If the Commission receives an application under subregulation (2) , the Commission may determine that the licence, label, sign or licence number plate that is the subject of the application is lost, stolen, damaged or destroyed.
(5) If a determination is made under subregulation (4) –
(a) the licence, label, sign or licence number plate that is the subject of the application is deemed to be void; and
(b) the Commission may issue a replacement licence, label, sign or licence number plate, respectively.
(6) A replacement licence number plate issued in accordance with subregulation (5)(b) may be issued –
(a) with the same number as the licence number plate being replaced; or
(b) with a different number from the licence number plate being replaced.
13 Taxi areas
13 Taxi areas
For the purposes of section 90A of the Act, the taxi areas and remote taxi areas described in Schedule 2 are prescribed.
Part 3 Vehicles
Part 3 Vehicles
14 Vehicle specifications
14 Vehicle specifications
For the purposes of the Act, the following vehicle specifications are set out in the specified Part of Schedule 1 :
(a) prescribed requirements in relation to a vehicle suitable for use as a taxi for the purposes of section 24(4) of the Act – Part 1 of Schedule 1 ;
(b) prescribed criteria in relation to classes of luxury hire car for the purposes of section 73(1) of the Act – Part 2 of Schedule 1 ;
(c) prescribed requirements in relation to a restricted hire vehicle for the purposes of section 84I(1)(c) and paragraph (e) of the definition of suitable vehicle in section 84I(4) of the Act – Part 3 of Schedule 1 .
15 Wheelchair-accessible vehicles
15 Wheelchair-accessible vehicles
(1) In this regulation –
seat of a motor vehicle includes –
(a) the driver's seat; and
(b) an individual seating position on a bench seat; and
(c) a demountable seat (being a seat that is so designed and constructed as to be capable of being readily removed from the vehicle without the need to structurally alter the vehicle); and
(d) a modifiable seat (being a seat that is so designed and constructed as to be capable of being readily retracted, collapsed or folded away when not in use or adapted to another use such as a sofa, bed or storage); and
(e) a seat that, in order to be used, requires the temporary retraction, collapsing or folding-away of a moveable console or armrest; and
(f) a position within which an occupied wheelchair may be secured.
(2) A wheelchair-accessible taxi, in addition to the criteria for wheelchair-accessible taxis set out in Schedule 1 to the Act, must be fitted with a fire extinguisher.
(3) If a vehicle, other than a wheelchair-accessible taxi, used to operate a service under the authority of a licence, is offered for hire as being wheelchair-accessible, the vehicle must –
(a) have no more than 12 seats in any configuration; and
(b) comply with the Disability Standards for Accessible Public Transport 2002 formulated under section 31(1) of the Disability Discrimination Act 1992 of the Commonwealth; and
(c) not have any modifications to make the vehicle wheelch
This is an opening excerpt, not the complete document.
