South Australia act

Mental Health Act 2009

In ForceSA

Jurisdiction

South Australia

Collection

act

Plain English Summary

9/10 complexity

This Act establishes how people in South Australia with severe mental illness may be treated: it permits voluntary admission, creates multiple levels of compulsory community and inpatient treatment orders, sets out who can make those orders and who reviews them, and gives authorised officers and police powers to detain, transport and restrain people for assessment or treatment. It also regulates high‑risk procedures (ECT and neurosurgery) with consent and specialist review. The law directly affects patients, carers, clinicians, treatment centres and law enforcement because it determines when liberty may be restricted, who decides treatment, and what procedural safeguards apply.

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What it does

Mechanically, the Mental Health Act 2009 establishes a statutory architecture for the identification, compulsory treatment, monitoring and review of persons with mental illness in South Australia. The Act creates parallel pathways for community‑based compulsory treatment (level 1 and level 2 community treatment orders, Part 4) and inpatient compulsory treatment (level 1, level 2 and level 3 inpatient treatment orders, Part 5). It sets out the clinical gatekeeping rules for making those orders, the time limits on them, and the procedural safeguards for confirmation, variation, revocation and review (for example, the requirement that level 1 orders be examined and confirmed by a different psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner within 24 hours, ss 10(5), 21(5)). The Act also establishes specialist governance and oversight offices: the Chief Psychiatrist (Part 12 Division 2, s 89-92), a Prescribed Psychiatric Treatment Panel for certain high‑risk treatments (Part 7 Div A1, s 41A-41D), and a community visitor scheme including a Principal Community Visitor and Community Visitors (Part 8 Div 2, ss 50-54).

The machinery extends to operational powers that enable authorised officers and police to take persons into care and control, restrain them, transport them, search and remove potentially dangerous items and arrange for treatment (Part 9, ss 54A-59; Part 9, ss 56-57). The Act defines and regulates particular high‑impact treatments, notably electro‑convulsive therapy (ECT) and neurosurgery for mental illness, setting consent thresholds, procedural authorisations and criminal penalties for non‑compliance (ss 42-44, 43). It also creates obligations about treatment and care planning for voluntary patients and for those subject to orders (Part 6, ss 39-41), requirements to provide patients with statements of rights (for voluntary patients s 9, for people subject to community or inpatient orders ss 12, 23, 27 and Tribunal decisions s 46), and reporting, record‑keeping and inspection powers (for example ss 11, 22, 26, 90, 92).

Current sections

Direct links to the current provisions in Mental Health Act 2009.

Part 1

Preliminary

Part 1—Preliminary 1—Short title This Act may be cited as the Mental Health Act 2009. 3—Interpretation (1) In this Act, unless the contrary intention appears— absent without leave—see subsection (2); advance care directive means an advance care directive given under the Advance Care Directives Act 2013 that is in force; ambulance officer means a person who is— (a) employed as an ambulance officer, or engaged as a volunteer ambulance officer, with an organisation that provides ambulance services; and (b) authorised by the chief executive officer of SA Ambulance Service Inc to exercise the powers conferred by this Act on authorised officers; approved treatment centre means a place determined by the Chief Psychiatrist under Part 12 Division 5 to be an approved treatment centre for the purposes of this Act; authorised community mental health facility means a facility that is determined by the Chief Psychiatrist under Part 12 Division 5 to be an authorised community mental health facility; authorised medical practitioner means a person determined by the Chief Psychiatrist under Part 12 Division 3 to be an authorised medical practitioner for the purposes of this Act; authorised mental health professional means a person determined by the Chief Psychiatrist under Part 12 Division 4 to be an authorised mental health professional for the purposes of this Act; authorised officer means— (a) a mental health clinician; or (b) an ambulance officer; or (c) a person employed as a medical officer or flight nurse by the Royal Flying Doctor Service of Australia (Central Operations) Incorporated or the Royal Flying Doctor Service of Australia (South Eastern Section); or (d) a person, or a person of a class, approved by the Chief Psychiatrist, by notice in the Gazette, for the purposes of this definition; or (e) any other person, or person of a class, prescribed by the regulations for the purposes of this definition; carer—a person is a carer of another if the person provides ongoing care or assistance to the other as a carer within the meaning of the Carers Recognition Act 2005; the term includes a person who was a carer of another before interruption of the provision of care due to the other's illness; Chief Executive means the chief executive of the Department; Chief Psychiatrist means the person appointed to the position of Chief Psychiatrist under Part 12 Division 2; child means a person under 18 years of age; community treatment order means— (a) a level 1 community treatment order; or (b) a level 2 community treatment order; community visitor means— (a) the person appointed to the position of Principal Community Visitor under Part 8 Division 2; or (b) a person appointed to a position of Community Visitor under Part 8 Division 2; consent to treatment means effective consent to the treatment; decision, of the Tribunal, has the same meaning as in the South Australian Civil and Administrative Tribunal Act 2013; Department means the administrative unit of the Public Service that is responsible for assisting a Minister in the administration of this Act; director of a treatment centre means the person for the time being in charge of the mental health services of the centre; domestic partner—a person is a domestic partner of another if the person is a domestic partner of the other within the meaning of the Family Relationships Act 1975, whether declared as such under that Act or not; the term includes a person who was a domestic partner of another before interruption of their shared living arrangements due to the other's illness; ECT means electro-convulsive therapy; guardian—a person is a guardian of another if the person is acting or appointed under any Act or law as the guardian of the other; incorporated health service has the same meaning as in the Health Care Act 2008; incorporated hospital has the same meaning as in the Health Care Act 2008; inpatient in a treatment centre means a person admitted as a patient in a treatment centre; inpatient treatment order means— (a) a level 1 inpatient treatment order; or (b) a level 2 inpatient treatment order; or (c) a level 3 inpatient treatment order; internal review means a review under section 70 of the South Australian Civil and Administrative Tribunal Act 2013; involuntary inpatient means an inpatient who is subject to an inpatient treatment order; leave of absence—see section 36; legal practitioner means a person admitted and enrolled as a practitioner of the Supreme Court of South Australia; level 1 community treatment order—see Part 4 Division 1; level 1 inpatient treatment order—see Part 5 Division 2; level 2 community treatment order—see Part 4 Division 2; level 2 inpatient treatment order—see Part 5 Division 3; level 3 inpatient treatment order—see Part 5 Division 4; limited treatment centre means a place determined by the Chief Psychiatrist under Part 12 Division 5 to be a limited treatment centre for the purposes of this Act; medical agent—a person is a medical agent of another if the person has been appointed under an Act or law to make decisions on behalf of the other about the other's medical treatment; medical examination means examination of a person and the person's mental health by a medical practitioner or authorised mental health professional; medical practitioner means a person registered under the Health Practitioner Regulation National Law to practise in the medical profession (other than as a student); mental health clinician means a person of a class of persons who are engaged in the treatment or care of patients and classified by the Chief Psychiatrist as mental health clinicians for the purposes of this Act; mental illness means any illness or disorder of the mind; see also Schedule 1 (Certain conduct may not indicate mental illness); neurosurgery for mental illness means leucotomy, amygdaloidotomy, hypothalamotomy, temporal lobectomy, cingulectomy, electrode implantation in the brain or any other brain surgery for the relief of mental illness by the elimination or stimulation of apparently normal brain tissues; patient, in relation to the provision of mental health services, includes (where the context so requires) the following: (a) a voluntary inpatient; (b) a person to whom a community treatment order applies; (c) a person to whom an inpatient treatment order applies; (d) a person to whom section 56 applies; (e) a person with a mental illness (within the meaning of this Act) who is liable to a supervision order under Part 8A of the Criminal Law Consolidation Act 1935; patient assistance request means a patient assistance request issued under Part 9; patient transport request means a patient transport request issued under Part 9 or Part 10; prescribed psychiatric treatment means— (a) ECT; or (b) neurosurgery for mental illness; or (c) any other treatment declared by the regulations to be prescribed psychiatric treatment; Prescribed Psychiatric Treatment Panel or Panel means the Prescribed Psychiatric Treatment Panel established under Part 7 Division A1; psychiatrist means a person registered under the Health Practitioner Regulation National Law— (a) to practise in the medical profession; and (b) holding specialist registration as a psychiatrist; Public Advocate means the person holding or acting in the office of Public Advocate under the Guardianship and Administration Act 1993; relative—a person is a relative of another if— (a) the person is related to the other by blood or marriage; or (b) the person is a domestic partner of the other; or (c) the person is of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander descent and related to the other according to Aboriginal kinship rules, or Torres Strait Islander kinship rules, as the case may require; restrictive practice, in relation to a patient, includes— (a) the use of physical, mechanical or chemical means to restrain the patient; and (b) seclusion or the confinement of the patient on his or her own in an area from which he or she cannot leave of his or her own volition; senior psychiatrist means a person who has, since qualifying for registration as a specialist in psychiatry, had at least 5 years' experience as a practising psychiatrist; staff of a treatment centre means the director of the centre or any person performing duties involved in the administration or operations of the centre, whether under a contract of employment or some other contractual arrangement; substitute decision‑maker, in respect of a person, means a substitute decision‑maker appointed under an advance care directive given by the person under the Advance Care Directives Act 2013 that is in force; treatment or medical treatment means treatment or procedures administered or carried out by a medical practitioner or other health professional in the course of professional practice, and includes the prescription or supply of drugs; treatment centre means an approved treatment centre or a limited treatment centre; Tribunal means the South Australian Civil and Administrative Tribunal established under the South Australian Civil and Administrative Tribunal Act 2013; voluntary community patient means a person receiving treatment, care and rehabilitation services for a mental illness in an authorised community mental health facility; voluntary inpatient means an inpatient who is not subject to an inpatient treatment order. (2) For the purposes of this Act, a patient will be taken to be absent without leave if— (a) an inpatient treatment order applies to the patient; and (b) the patient— (i) has not been taken into, or remained in, the care and control of treatment centre staff or an authorised officer or police officer after the making of the order and before admission to a treatment centre; or (ii) has left a treatment centre in which he or she was an involuntary inpatient, or the care and control of treatment centre staff, without leave of absence under Part 5 Division 5; or (iii) has been granted leave of absence from a treatment centre under Part 5 Division 5 but has not returned to the centre, or been taken into the care and control of treatment centre staff or an authorised officer or police officer, by the expiry of the leave or after cancellation of the leave. (3) For the purposes of this Act, a form that has been approved by the Chief Psychiatrist must— (a) be published on the Department's website; and (b) be used for the purposes specified in the form; and (c) contain the information required by, and be presented and completed in accordance with, any instruction contained in the form; and (d) be lodged in the manner and form required by the Chief Psychiatrist. 4—Application of Act (1) This Act applies to children in the same way as to persons of full age, subject to the following: (a) a right conferred on a person under this Act may, if the person is a child under 16 years of age, be exercised by a parent or guardian of the child on behalf of the child; (b) an obligation under this Act to give a document to a person is, if the person is a child under 16 years of age, to be treated as an obligation to give the document to a parent or guardian of the child, and operates to the exclusion of any further obligation under this Act to send or give the document to a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend; (c) an obligation under this Act to give information to a person (including information about the person's illness, any order that applies to the person, his or her legal rights, the treatment and other services that are to be provided or offered to the person and what alternatives are available) is, if the person is a child under 16 years of age, to be treated as an obligation to give the information to a parent or guardian of the child. (2) Subsection (1) does not affect the operation of a provision of this Act that expressly relates to a child or children. (3) Subject to an express provision of this Act or of any other Act, this Act is in addition to and does not derogate from— (a) the Advance Care Directives Act 2013; and (b) the Consent to Medical Treatment and Palliative Care Act 1995; and (c) the Guardianship and Administration Act 1993. 5—Medical examinations by audio‑visual conferencing (1) A reference in this Act to medical examination or examination of a person by a medical practitioner or authorised mental health professional includes, if it is not practicable in the circumstances for a medical practitioner or authorised mental health professional to carry out an examination of the person in the person's physical presence, a reference to an examination of the person by the medical practitioner or authorised mental health professional by means of audio‑visual conferencing. (2) In this section— audio‑visual conferencing means any system of two‑way communication linking different places so that a person speaking at any 1 of the places can be seen and heard at the other. 5A—Decision‑making capacity (1) A person is, in the absence of evidence or a law of the State to the contrary, to be presumed to have full decision‑making capacity in respect of decisions about his or her health care, residential and accommodation arrangements and personal affairs. (2) For the purposes of this Act, a person will be taken to have impaired decision‑making capacity in respect of a particular decision if— (a) the person is not capable of— (i) understanding any information that may be relevant to the decision (including information relating to the consequences of making a particular decision); or (ii) retaining such information; or (iii) using such information in the course of making the decision; or (iv) communicating his or her decision in any manner; or (b) in the case of a person who has given an advance care directive—the person has satisfied any requirement in the advance care directive that sets out when the person is to be considered to have impaired decision‑making capacity (however described) in respect of a decision of the relevant kind. (3) For the purposes of this Act— (a) a person will not be taken to be incapable of understanding information merely because the person is not able to understand matters of a technical or trivial nature; and (b) a person will not be taken to be incapable of retaining information merely because the person can only retain the information for a limited time; and (c) a person may fluctuate between having impaired decision‑making capacity and full decision‑making capacity; and (d) a person's decision‑making capacity will not be taken to be impaired merely because a decision made by the person results, or may result, in an adverse outcome for the person.

Part 2

Objects and guiding principles

Part 2—Objects and guiding principles 6—Objects The objects of this Act are— (a) to ensure that persons with severe mental illness— (i) receive a comprehensive range of services of the highest standard for their treatment, care and rehabilitation with the goal of bringing about their recovery as far as is possible; and (ii) retain their freedom, rights, dignity and self‑respect as far as is consistent with their protection, the protection of the public and the proper delivery of the services; and (b) for that purpose, to confer appropriately limited powers to make orders for community treatment, or inpatient treatment, of such persons where required. 7—Guiding principles (1) The Minister, the Tribunal, the Chief Psychiatrist, health professionals and other persons and bodies involved in the administration of this Act are to be guided by the following principles in the performance of their functions: (a) mental health services should be designed to bring about the best therapeutic outcomes for patients, and, as far as possible, their recovery and participation in community life; (ab) mental health services should meet the highest levels of quality and safety; (ac) mental health services should (subject to this Act or any other Act) be provided in accordance with international treaties and agreements to which Australia is a signatory; (b) mental health services should be provided on a voluntary basis as far as possible, and otherwise in the least restrictive way and in the least restrictive environment that is consistent with their efficacy and public safety, and at places as near as practicable to where the patients, or their families or other carers or supporters, reside; (c) mental health services should be governed by comprehensive treatment and care plans that are developed in a multi‑disciplinary framework in consultation with the patients (including children) and their family or other carers or supporters; (ca) mental health services should take into account— (i) the different developmental stages of infants, children, young persons, adults and older persons; and (ii) the gender or gender identity, or the sexuality or sexual identity or orientation, of persons; and (iii) the particular needs of persons with disability; and (iv) in the case of persons of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander descent—the persons' traditional beliefs and practices and, when practicable and appropriate, involve collaboration with health workers and traditional healers from their communities; and (v) the cultural and linguistic backgrounds of persons; and (vi) the background, circumstances and particular needs of persons who have experienced torture or trauma; (d) there should be regular medical examination of every patient's mental and physical health and regular medical review of any order applying to the patient; (e) children and young persons should be cared for and treated separately from other patients as necessary to enable the care and treatment to be tailored to their different developmental stages; (f) the rights, welfare and safety of the children and other dependants of patients should always be considered and protected as far as possible; (g) medication should be used only for therapeutic purposes or safety reasons and not as a punishment or for the convenience of others; (h) restrictive practices should be used only as a last resort for safety reasons and not as a punishment or for the convenience of others; (i) patients (together with their family or other carers or supporters) should be provided with comprehensive information about their illnesses, any orders that apply to them, their legal rights, the treatments and other services that are to be provided or offered to them and what alternatives are available; (j) information should be provided in a way that ensures as far as practicable that it can be understood by those to whom it is provided. (2) In this section— mental health services means all services involved in the treatment, care and rehabilitation of persons with severe mental illness, including the making and carrying out of orders under this Act and services to assist the recovery of patients after the termination of the orders or the completion of treatment; patient includes a voluntary community patient.

Part 3

Voluntary inpatients

Part 3—Voluntary inpatients 8—Voluntary inpatients (1) A person may be admitted as a voluntary inpatient in a treatment centre at his or her own request. (2) A person admitted as a voluntary inpatient in a treatment centre may leave the centre at any time unless an inpatient treatment order then applies to the person. 9—Voluntary inpatients to be given statement of rights (1) The director of a treatment centre must ensure that a voluntary inpatient in the centre is given, as soon as practicable after admission, a statement in writing in the form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist (a statement of rights)— (2) If a patient is unable to read or otherwise comprehend the statement of rights, the director must ensure that any steps that are practicable in the circumstances are taken to convey the information contained in the statement to the patient. (3) Subject to subsection (4), the director must cause a copy of the statement of rights to be sent or given to a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient as soon as practicable. (a) the person to be sent or given a copy of the statement of rights must be— (ii) if that is not practicable or appropriate—a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient who appears to have or be assuming responsibility for the care of the patient; or (iii) if that is not practicable or appropriate—any other guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient to whom it is practicable and appropriate to send or give a copy of the statement; (b) the director is not required to send or give a copy of the statement to a person whose whereabouts are not known to or readily ascertainable by the director; (c) it is not appropriate for the director to send or give a copy of the statement to a particular person if the director has reason to believe that it would be contrary to the patient's best interests to do so.

Part 4

Orders for treatment of persons with mental illness

Part 4—Orders for treatment of persons with mental illness

Div 1

Level 1 community treatment orders

Division 1—Level 1 community treatment orders 10—Level 1 community treatment orders (1) A medical practitioner or authorised mental health professional may make an order for the treatment of a person (a level 1 community treatment order) if it appears to the medical practitioner or authorised mental health professional, after examining the person, that— (b) because of the mental illness, the person requires treatment for the person's own protection from harm (whether physical or mental, and including harm involved in the continuation or deterioration of the person's condition) or for the protection of others from harm; and (c) the person has impaired decision‑making capacity relating to appropriate treatment of the person's mental illness; and (d) there is no less restrictive means than a community treatment order of ensuring appropriate treatment of the person's illness. (2) In considering whether there is no less restrictive means than a community treatment order of ensuring appropriate treatment of the person's illness, consideration must be given, amongst other things, to the prospects of the person receiving all treatment of the illness necessary for the protection of the person and others on a voluntary basis. (3) A level 1 community treatment order must be made in writing in the form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist. (4) A level 1 community treatment order, unless earlier revoked, expires at a time fixed in the order which must be 2 pm on a business day not later than 42 days after the day on which it is made. (5) On the making of a level 1 community treatment order, the following provisions apply: (a) the patient must be examined by a psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner, who must, if the order was made by a psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner, be a different psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner from whomever made the order; (b) the examination must occur within 24 hours of the making of the order; (c) if it is not practicable for the examination to occur within that period, it must occur as soon as practicable thereafter; (d) after completion of the examination, the psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner may confirm the level 1 community treatment order if satisfied that the grounds referred to in subsection (1) exist for the making of a level 1 community treatment order, but otherwise must revoke the order. (6) A medical practitioner or authorised mental health professional may form an opinion about a person under subsection (1) or (5) based on his or her own observations and any other available evidence that he or she considers reliable and relevant (which may include evidence about matters occurring outside the State). (7) A psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner who has examined a patient to whom a level 1 community treatment order applies may vary or revoke the order at any time. A psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner who revokes a level 1 community treatment order may, in substitution, make a level 1 inpatient treatment order under Part 5 Division 2. (8) Confirmation, variation or revocation of a level 1 community treatment order must be effected by notice in the form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist. 11—Chief Psychiatrist to be notified of level 1 orders or their variation or revocation (1) A psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner making, confirming, varying or revoking a level 1 community treatment order must ensure that the Chief Psychiatrist is sent or given, within 1 business day, a notice in the form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist. (3) The Chief Psychiatrist must, within 1 business day, by written notice sent or given to the psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner, acknowledge receipt by the Chief Psychiatrist of a notice under subsection (1). 12—Copies of level 1 orders, notices and statements of rights to be given to patients etc (1) A medical practitioner or authorised mental health professional making a level 1 community treatment order must ensure that the patient is given, as soon as practicable, a copy of the order. (2) A medical practitioner or authorised mental health professional making a level 1 community treatment order must ensure that the patient is given, as soon as practicable, a statement in writing in the form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist (a statement of rights)— (3) If a patient is unable to read or otherwise comprehend the statement of rights, the medical practitioner or authorised mental health professional must ensure that any steps that are practicable in the circumstances are taken to convey the information contained in the statement to the patient. (4) Subject to subsection (6), a psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner making or confirming a level 1 community treatment order must cause a copy of the order and statement of rights to be sent or given to a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient as soon as practicable. (5) If a level 1 community treatment order is varied or revoked, the psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner varying or revoking the order must— (a) ensure that the patient is given, as soon as practicable, a copy of the notice of variation or revocation of the order; and (b) subject to subsection (6), cause a copy of the notice of variation or revocation to be sent or given to a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient as soon as practicable. (a) the person to be sent or given a copy of the order and statement of rights, or notice of variation or revocation, must be— (ii) if that is not practicable or appropriate—a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient who appears to have or be assuming responsibility for the care of the patient; or (iii) if that is not practicable or appropriate—any other guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient to whom it is practicable and appropriate to send or give the copy of the order and statement, or notice of variation or revocation; (b) the psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner is not required to send or give a copy of the order and statement, or notice of variation or revocation, to a person whose whereabouts are not known to or readily ascertainable by the psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner; (c) it is not appropriate for the psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner to send or give a copy of the order and statement, or notice of variation or revocation, to a particular person if the psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner has reason to believe that it would be contrary to the patient's best interests to do so. 13—Treatment of patients to whom level 1 orders apply (1) Subject to subsection (2), a patient to whom a level 1 community treatment order applies may be given treatment for his or her mental illness of a kind authorised by a psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner who has examined the patient. (2) Authorisation is not required under subsection (1) for treatment if a medical practitioner considers that— (a) the nature of the patient's mental illness is such that the treatment is urgently needed for the patient's well‑being; and (b) in the circumstances it is not practicable to obtain that authorisation. (3) The treatment may be given despite the absence or refusal of consent to the treatment. (4) This section does not apply to prescribed psychiatric treatment, or to prescribed treatment within the meaning of the Guardianship and Administration Act 1993. 14—Chief Psychiatrist to ensure monitoring of compliance with level 1 orders The Chief Psychiatrist must, after receiving notice of the making of a level 1 community treatment order, ensure that there is a mental health clinician who has ongoing responsibility for monitoring and reporting to the Chief Psychiatrist on the patient's compliance with the order.

Div 2

Level 2 community treatment orders

Division 2—Level 2 community treatment orders 16—Level 2 community treatment orders (1) If the Tribunal is satisfied that— (a) a person has a mental illness; and (b) because of the mental illness, the person requires treatment for the person's own protection from harm (whether physical or mental, and including harm involved in the continuation or deterioration of the person's condition) or for the protection of others from harm; and (c) the person has impaired decision‑making capacity relating to appropriate treatment of the person's mental illness; and (d) there is no less restrictive means than a community treatment order of ensuring appropriate treatment of the person's illness, the Tribunal may make an order for the treatment of the person (a level 2 community treatment order). (2) In considering whether there is no less restrictive means than a community treatment order of ensuring appropriate treatment of the person's illness, consideration must be given, amongst other things, to the prospects of the person receiving all treatment of the illness necessary for the protection of the person and others on a voluntary basis. (3) A level 2 community treatment order may be made in respect of a person— (a) on an application to the Tribunal for the Tribunal's decision as to whether it should make a community treatment order in respect of the person (whether or not a level 1 community treatment order has been made in respect of the person); or (c) on an application to the Tribunal under Part 5 Division 4 for the revocation of a level 3 inpatient treatment order that applies to the person. (4) An application may be made to the Tribunal for the Tribunal's decision as to whether it should make a community treatment order in respect of a person by— (a) the Public Advocate; or (b) a medical practitioner; or (c) a mental health clinician; or (d) a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the person; or (e) any other person who satisfies the Tribunal that he or she has a proper interest in the welfare of the patient. (4a) A level 1 community treatment order applying in relation to a person is taken to be revoked on the making of a level 2 community treatment order in relation to the person. (5) A level 2 community treatment order, unless earlier revoked, expires at a time fixed in the order which must be— (a) in the case of an order relating to a child—2 pm on a business day not later than 6 calendar months after the day on which it is made; or (b) in any other case—2 pm on a business day not later than 12 calendar months after the day on which it is made. (6) A registrar of the Tribunal must, not less than 2 months before the expiry of a level 2 community treatment order that has a period of operation of more than 6 months, send to the applicant (if any) for the order, the Public Advocate and to any other person who it appears to the registrar may have a proper interest in the welfare of the patient a written reminder of the date of expiry of the order. (7) The Tribunal may, on application, by order, vary or revoke a level 2 community treatment order at any time. (8) An application for variation or revocation of a level 2 community treatment order may be made by— (a) the patient; or (b) the Public Advocate; or (c) a medical practitioner; or (d) a mental health clinician; or (e) a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient; or (f) any other person who satisfies the Tribunal that he or she has a proper interest in the welfare of the patient. 17—Chief Psychiatrist to be notified of level 2 orders or their variation or revocation A registrar of the Tribunal must ensure that the Chief Psychiatrist is notified, within 1 business day, of the making, variation or revocation of a level 2 community treatment order by the Tribunal. 18—Treatment of patients to whom level 2 orders apply (1) Subject to subsection (2), a patient to whom a level 2 community treatment order applies may be given treatment for his or her mental illness of a kind authorised by a psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner who has examined the patient. (2) Authorisation is not required under subsection (1) for treatment if a medical practitioner considers that— (a) the nature of the patient's mental illness is such that the treatment is urgently needed for the patient's well‑being; and (b) in the circumstances it is not practicable to obtain that authorisation. (3) Treatment may be given under this section despite the absence or refusal of consent to the treatment. (4) This section does not apply to prescribed psychiatric treatment, or to prescribed treatment within the meaning of the Guardianship and Administration Act 1993. Under Part 6, the treatment and care of a patient to whom a level 2 community treatment order applies is to be governed by a treatment and care plan. 19—Chief Psychiatrist to ensure monitoring of compliance with level 2 orders The Chief Psychiatrist must ensure that for each patient to whom a level 2 community treatment order applies there is a mental health clinician who has ongoing responsibility for monitoring and reporting to the Chief Psychiatrist on the patient's compliance with the order.

Part 5

Orders for treatment as inpatient of persons with mental illness

Part 5—Orders for treatment as inpatient of persons with mental illness Division 1—Non‑compliance with community treatment orders and making of inpatient treatment orders 20—Non-compliance with community treatment orders and making of inpatient treatment orders (1) A person's refusal or failure to comply with a community treatment order is a relevant consideration in deciding whether an inpatient treatment order should be made in respect of the person under this Part. (2) However, nothing in this Act prevents the making of an inpatient treatment order under this Part in respect of a person without a prior community treatment order having been made in respect of the person if an inpatient treatment order is required in the particular circumstances. Division 2—Level 1 inpatient treatment orders 21—Level 1 inpatient treatment orders (1) A medical practitioner or authorised mental health professional may make an order that a person receive treatment as an inpatient in a treatment centre (a level 1 inpatient treatment order) if it appears to the medical practitioner or authorised mental health professional, after examining the person, that— (b) because of the mental illness, the person requires treatment for the person's own protection from harm (whether physical or mental, and including harm involved in the continuation or deterioration of the person's condition) or for the protection of others from harm; and (ba) the person has impaired decision‑making capacity relating to appropriate treatment of the person's mental illness; and (c) there is no less restrictive means than an inpatient treatment order of ensuring appropriate treatment of the person's illness. (2) In considering whether there is no less restrictive means than an inpatient treatment order of ensuring appropriate treatment of the person's illness, consideration must be given, amongst other things, to the prospects of the person receiving all treatment of the illness necessary for the protection of the person and others on a voluntary basis or in compliance with a community treatment order. (3) A level 1 inpatient treatment order must be made in writing in the form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist. (4) A level 1 inpatient treatment order, unless earlier revoked, expires at a time fixed in the order which must be 2 pm on a business day not later than 7 days after the day on which it is made. (5) On the making of a level 1 inpatient treatment order, the following provisions apply: (a) the patient must be examined by a psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner, who must, if the order was made by a psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner, be a different psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner; (b) the examination must occur within 24 hours of the making of the order; (c) if it is not practicable for the examination to occur within that period, it must occur as soon as practicable thereafter; (d) after completion of the examination, the psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner may confirm the level 1 inpatient treatment order if satisfied that the grounds referred to in subsection (1) exist for the making of a level 1 inpatient treatment order, but otherwise must revoke the order. (6) A medical practitioner or authorised mental health professional may form an opinion about a person under subsection (1) or (5) based on his or her own observations and any other available evidence that he or she considers reliable and relevant (which may include evidence about matters occurring outside the State). (7) A psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner who has examined a patient to whom a level 1 inpatient treatment order applies may revoke the order at any time. A psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner who revokes a level 1 inpatient treatment order may, in substitution, make a level 1 community treatment order under Part 4 Division 1. (8) Confirmation or revocation of a level 1 inpatient treatment order must be effected by notice in the form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist. 22—Chief Psychiatrist to be notified of level 1 orders or their revocation (1) A psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner making, confirming or revoking a level 1 inpatient treatment order must ensure that the Chief Psychiatrist is sent or given, within 1 business day, a notice in the form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist. (2) If the order is made within 7 days after the expiry or revocation of a previous inpatient treatment order applying to the same person, the Chief Psychiatrist must ensure that the Tribunal is given a copy of the notice referred to in subsection (1) within 1 business day of the making of the order. (3) The Chief Psychiatrist must, within 1 business day, by written notice sent or given to the psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner, acknowledge receipt by the Chief Psychiatrist of a notice under subsection (1). 23—Copies of level 1 orders, notices and statements of rights to be given to patients etc (1) A medical practitioner or authorised mental health professional making a level 1 inpatient treatment order must ensure that the patient is given, as soon as practicable, a copy of the order. (2) A medical practitioner or authorised mental health professional making a level 1 inpatient treatment order must ensure that the patient is given, as soon as practicable, a statement in writing in the form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist (a statement of rights)— (3) If a patient is unable to read or otherwise comprehend the statement of rights, the medical practitioner or authorised mental health professional must ensure that any steps that are practicable in the circumstances are taken to convey the information contained in the statement to the patient. (4) Subject to subsection (6), the director of a treatment centre in which a patient is first admitted as an inpatient under a level 1 inpatient treatment order must cause a copy of the order and statement of rights to be sent or given to a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient as soon as practicable. (5) If a level 1 inpatient treatment order is revoked, the director of the treatment centre in which the patient is admitted as an inpatient must— (a) ensure that the patient is given, as soon as practicable, a copy of the notice of revocation of the order; and (b) subject to subsection (6), cause a copy of the notice of revocation to be sent or given to a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient as soon as practicable. (a) the person to be sent or given a copy of the order and statement of rights, or notice of revocation, must be— (ii) if that is not practicable or appropriate—a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient who appears to have or be assuming responsibility for the care of the patient; or (iii) if that is not practicable or appropriate—any other guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient to whom it is practicable and appropriate to send or give the copy of the order and statement, or notice of revocation; (b) the director is not required to send or give a copy of the order and statement, or notice of revocation, to a person whose whereabouts are not known to or readily ascertainable by the director; (c) it is not appropriate for the director to send or give a copy of the order and statement, or notice of revocation, to a particular person if the director has reason to believe that it would be contrary to the patient's best interests to do so. 24—Treatment of patients to whom level 1 orders apply (1) A patient to whom a level 1 inpatient treatment order applies may be given treatment for his or her mental illness, or for any other illness that may be causing or contributing to the mental illness, of a kind authorised by a medical practitioner who has examined the patient. (2) The treatment may be given despite the absence or refusal of consent to the treatment. (3) Nothing prevents the treatment of a patient to whom a level 1 inpatient treatment order applies before confirmation of the order under this Part. (4) This section does not apply to prescribed psychiatric treatment, or to prescribed treatment within the meaning of the Guardianship and Administration Act 1993. (5) If a medical practitioner authorises treatment of a patient to whom a level 1 inpatient treatment order applies that is treatment of a kind prescribed by the regulations, the medical practitioner must ensure that the Chief Psychiatrist is sent or given, within 1 business day, a notice in the form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist.

Div 3

Level 2 inpatient treatment orders

Division 3—Level 2 inpatient treatment orders 25—Level 2 inpatient treatment orders (1) If a level 1 inpatient treatment order has been made or confirmed by a psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner under Division 2, a psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner may, after further examination of the patient carried out before the order expires, make a further order for the treatment of the patient as an inpatient in an approved treatment centre (a level 2 inpatient treatment order). (2) A psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner may make a level 2 inpatient treatment order if satisfied that— (b) because of the mental illness, the person requires treatment for the person's own protection from harm (whether physical or mental, and including harm involved in the continuation or deterioration of the person's condition) or for the protection of others from harm; and (ba) the person has impaired decision‑making capacity relating to appropriate treatment of the person's mental illness; and (c) there is no less restrictive means than an inpatient treatment order of ensuring appropriate treatment of the person's illness. (3) In considering whether there is no less restrictive means than an inpatient treatment order of ensuring appropriate treatment of the person's illness, consideration must be given, amongst other things, to the prospects of the person receiving all treatment of the illness necessary for the protection of the person and others on a voluntary basis or in compliance with a community treatment order. (4) A psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner may form an opinion about a person under subsection (2) based on his or her own observations and any other available evidence that he or she considers reliable and relevant (which may include evidence about matters occurring outside the State). (5) A level 2 inpatient treatment order must be made in writing in the form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist. (6) Subject to subsection (7), a level 2 inpatient treatment order, unless earlier revoked, expires at a time fixed in the order which must be 2 pm on a business day not later than 42 days after the day on which it is made. (7) A level 2 inpatient treatment order may, once only, be extended by a psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner (other than the psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner who made the order) who has examined the patient to whom the order applies and, in that case, the order, unless earlier revoked, will expire at a time fixed in the extended order (which must be 2 pm on a business day not later than 42 days from the day on which the order would, had it not been extended, have expired). (8) A psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner who has examined a patient to whom a level 2 inpatient treatment order applies may revoke the order at any time. A psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner who revokes a level 2 inpatient treatment order may, in substitution, make a level 1 community treatment order under Part 4 Division 1. (9) Revocation of a level 2 inpatient treatment order must be effected by notice in the form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist. 26—Notices and reports relating to level 2 orders (1) A psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner making or revoking a level 2 inpatient treatment order must ensure that the Chief Psychiatrist is sent or given, within 1 business day, a notice in the form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist. (2) If the order extends an inpatient treatment order, the Chief Psychiatrist must ensure that the Tribunal is given a copy of the notice referred to in subsection (1) within 1 business day of the making of the order. (3) The Chief Psychiatrist must, within 1 business day, by written notice sent or given to the psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner, acknowledge receipt by the Chief Psychiatrist of a notice under subsection (1). (4) A psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner making a level 2 inpatient treatment order must, as soon as practicable, provide to the director of the approved treatment centre in which the patient is or is to be an involuntary inpatient a written report of the results of his or her examination of the patient and of the reasons for making the order. (5) On receiving a report under subsection (4), the director must forward a copy of the report to the Chief Psychiatrist. 27—Copies of level 2 orders, notices and statements of rights to be given to patients etc (1) A psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner making a level 2 inpatient treatment order must ensure that the patient is given, as soon as practicable, a copy of the order. (2) A psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner making a level 2 inpatient treatment order must ensure that the patient is given, as soon as practicable, a statement in writing in the form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist (a statement of rights)— (3) If a patient is unable to read or otherwise comprehend the statement of rights, the psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner must ensure that any steps that are practicable in the circumstances are taken to convey the information contained in the statement to the patient. (4) Subject to subsection (6), the director of a treatment centre in which a patient is first admitted as an inpatient under a level 2 inpatient treatment order must cause a copy of the order and statement of rights to be sent or given to a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient as soon as practicable. (5) If a level 2 inpatient treatment order is revoked, the director of the treatment centre in which the patient is admitted as an inpatient must— (a) ensure that the patient is given, as soon as practicable, a copy of the notice of revocation of the order; and (b) subject to subsection (6), cause a copy of the notice of revocation to be sent or given to a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient as soon as practicable. (a) the person to be sent or given a copy of the order and statement of rights, or notice of revocation must be— (ii) if that is not practicable or appropriate—a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient who appears to have or be assuming responsibility for the care of the patient; or (iii) if that is not practicable or appropriate—any other guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient to whom it is practicable and appropriate to send or give the copy of the order and statement, or notice of revocation; (b) the director is not required to send or give a copy of the order and statement, or notice of revocation, to a person whose whereabouts are not known to or readily ascertainable by the director; (c) it is not appropriate for the director to send or give a copy of the order and statement, or notice of revocation, to a particular person if the director has reason to believe that it would be contrary to the patient's best interests to do so. 28—Treatment of patients to whom level 2 orders apply (1) A patient to whom a level 2 inpatient treatment order applies may be given treatment for his or her mental illness, or for any other illness that may be causing or contributing to the mental illness, of a kind authorised by a medical practitioner who has examined the patient. (2) The treatment may be given despite the absence or refusal of consent to the treatment. (3) This section does not apply to prescribed psychiatric treatment, or to prescribed treatment within the meaning of the Guardianship and Administration Act 1993. (4) If a medical practitioner authorises treatment of a patient to whom a level 2 inpatient treatment order applies that is treatment of a kind prescribed by the regulations, the medical practitioner must ensure that the Chief Psychiatrist is sent or given, within 1 business day, a notice in the form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist. Under Part 6, the treatment and care of a patient to whom a level 2 inpatient treatment order applies is to be governed by a treatment and care plan.

Div 4

Level 3 inpatient treatment orders

Division 4—Level 3 inpatient treatment orders 29—Level 3 inpatient treatment orders (1) If the Tribunal is satisfied that— (a) a person has a mental illness; and (b) because of the mental illness, the person requires treatment for the person's own protection from harm (whether physical or mental, and including harm involved in the continuation or deterioration of the person's condition) or for the protection of others from harm; and (ba) the person has impaired decision‑making capacity relating to appropriate treatment of the person's mental illness; and (c) there is no less restrictive means than an inpatient treatment order of ensuring appropriate treatment of the person's illness, the Tribunal may make an order that the person receive treatment as an inpatient in an approved treatment centre (a level 3 inpatient treatment order). (2) In considering whether there is no less restrictive means than an inpatient treatment order of ensuring appropriate treatment of the person's illness, consideration must be given, amongst other things, to the prospects of the person receiving all treatment of the illness necessary for the protection of the person and others on a voluntary basis or in compliance with a community treatment order. (3) A level 3 inpatient treatment order may be made, on application, in respect of a person to whom a level 1, level 2 or level 3 inpatient treatment order applies. (4) An application may be made for the Tribunal to make a level 3 inpatient treatment order in respect of a person by the Public Advocate, the director of an approved treatment centre or an employee in an approved treatment centre authorised by the director of the centre for the purpose. (4a) A level 1 or 2 inpatient treatment order applying in relation to a person is taken to be revoked on the making of a level 3 inpatient treatment order in relation to the person. (5) A level 3 inpatient treatment order, unless earlier revoked, expires at a time fixed in the order which must be— (a) in the case of an order relating to a child—2 pm on a business day not later than 6 calendar months after the day on which it is made; or (b) in any other case—2 pm on a business day not later than 12 calendar months after the day on which it is made. (6) The Tribunal may, on application, by order, vary or revoke a level 3 inpatient treatment order at any time. (7) An application for variation or revocation of a level 3 inpatient treatment order may be made by— (a) the patient; or (b) the Public Advocate; or (c) a medical practitioner; or (d) a mental health clinician; or (e) a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient; or (f) any other person who satisfies the Tribunal that he or she has a proper interest in the welfare of the patient. If the Tribunal revokes a level 3 inpatient treatment order, it may, in substitution, make a level 2 community treatment order under Part 4 Division 2. 30—Chief Psychiatrist to be notified of level 3 orders or their variation or revocation A registrar of the Tribunal must ensure that the Chief Psychiatrist is notified, within 1 business day, of the making, variation or revocation of a level 3 inpatient treatment order by the Tribunal. 31—Treatment of patients to whom level 3 orders apply (1) A patient to whom a level 3 inpatient treatment order applies may be given treatment for his or her mental illness, or for any other illness that may be causing or contributing to the mental illness, of a kind authorised by a medical practitioner who has examined the patient. (2) Treatment may be given under this section despite the absence or refusal of consent to the treatment. (3) This section does not apply to prescribed psychiatric treatment, or to prescribed treatment within the meaning of the Guardianship and Administration Act 1993. (4) If a medical practitioner authorises treatment of a patient to whom a level 3 inpatient treatment order applies that is treatment of a kind prescribed by the regulations, the medical practitioner must ensure that the Chief Psychiatrist is sent or given, within 1 business day, a notice in the form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist. Under Part 6, the treatment and care of a patient to whom a level 2 or level 3 inpatient treatment order applies is to be governed by a treatment and care plan.

Div 5

General

Division 5—General 32—Inpatient treatment orders displace community treatment orders If an inpatient treatment order is made in respect of a person to whom a community treatment order applies and the community treatment order is not revoked, the requirements of the community treatment order do not apply for the period of operation of the inpatient treatment order (and if the community treatment order remains in force at the end of that period, the requirements of the order will apply again according to their terms). 33—Duty of director of treatment centre to comply with inpatient treatment orders (1) This section applies when— (a) a person to whom an inpatient treatment order applies is in the care and control of treatment centre staff; or (b) an inpatient treatment order is made in respect of a voluntary inpatient. (2) Subject to section 35, the director of the treatment centre must— (a) if the person is not already admitted to the centre, admit the person to the centre; and (b) comply with the inpatient treatment order. The treatment centre must, in the case of a patient to whom a level 2 or level 3 inpatient treatment order applies, be an approved treatment centre (not a limited treatment centre). 34—Involuntary inpatients not permitted to leave treatment centre or care and control of staff (1) An involuntary inpatient in a treatment centre is not permitted to leave the treatment centre without being in the care and control of treatment centre staff or having been granted a leave of absence. (2) An involuntary inpatient under the care and control of treatment centre staff outside the treatment centre is not permitted to leave that care and control without having been granted a leave of absence. (3) If granted a leave of absence, the involuntary inpatient is required to comply with the conditions of the leave of absence. 34A—Confinement and other powers relating to involuntary inpatients (1) This section applies to a patient to whom an inpatient treatment order applies who is present at, or has been admitted to, a treatment centre. (2) Treatment centre staff may take measures for the confinement of the patient, and exercise powers (including the power to restrain the patient and otherwise use force in relation to the patient), as reasonably required in the circumstances— (a) for carrying the inpatient treatment order applying to the patient into effect and ensuring compliance with this Act; and (b) for the maintenance of order and security at the centre or the prevention of harm or nuisance to others. (3) Subsection (2) has effect subject to Part 2 and the other provisions of this Act and, in the case of staff other than the director, subject to the directions of the director. 35—Transfer of involuntary inpatients (1) If the director of a treatment centre considers it is necessary or appropriate for an involuntary inpatient to be transferred from the centre to another treatment centre, the director may give a direction for the patient to be transferred to the other treatment centre, after first arranging with the director of the other centre for the patient's admission to that centre. The other treatment centre must, in the case of a patient to whom a level 2 or level 3 inpatient treatment order applies, be an approved treatment centre (not a limited treatment centre). (2) The director of a treatment centre may give a direction— (a) for an involuntary inpatient to be transferred to a hospital, or between hospitals, in circumstances where the patient has or has had an illness other than a mental illness, after first arranging with the person in charge of the relevant hospital for the patient's admission to the hospital; and (b) for the patient's transfer back to the treatment centre after completion of the hospital treatment. (3) If an involuntary inpatient has been transferred to a hospital as a result of a direction under this section— (a) the patient is, while in the care and control of staff of the hospital to be taken to continue in the care and control of the treatment centre staff; and (b) staff of the hospital may exercise the powers conferred by section 34 in relation to the patient as if they were treatment centre staff. (4) A direction under this section must be given by writing in the form approved by the Minister. (5) Subject to subsection (6), if the patient has been admitted to the centre, the director must notify a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient on giving a direction under this section for the transfer of the patient from the centre. (6) The following provisions apply for the purposes of subsection (5): (a) the notification must be given by writing in the form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist; (b) the person to be notified must be— (ii) if that is not practicable or appropriate—a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient who appears to have or be assuming responsibility for the care of the patient; or (iii) if that is not practicable or appropriate—any other guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient whom it is practicable and appropriate to notify; (c) the director is not required to notify a person whose whereabouts are not known to or readily ascertainable by the director; (d) it is not appropriate for the director to notify a particular person if the director has reason to believe that it would be contrary to the patient's best interests to do so. 36—Leave of absence of involuntary patients (1) The director of a treatment centre may, by a statement in writing in the form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist, grant an involuntary inpatient leave of absence from the centre for any purpose and period that the director considers appropriate and specifies in the notice. (2) Leave of absence may be granted subject to any conditions that the director considers appropriate and specifies in the notice. (3) The director must ensure that the patient is given a copy of the notice by which the patient is granted leave of absence before the patient commences the leave. 37—Persons granted leave of absence to be given statement of rights (1) The director of a treatment centre who grants an involuntary inpatient leave of absence from the centre must ensure that the patient is given, before the patient commences the leave, a statement in writing in the form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist (a statement of rights)— (2) If the patient is unable to read or otherwise comprehend the statement of rights, the director must take any steps that are practicable in the circumstances to convey the information contained in the statement to the patient. (3) Subject to subsection (4), the director must cause a copy of the statement of rights to be sent or given to a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient as soon as practicable. (a) the person to be sent or given a copy of the statement of rights must be— (ii) if that is not practicable or appropriate—a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient who appears to have or be assuming responsibility for the care of the patient; or (iii) if that is not practicable or appropriate—any other guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient to whom it is practicable and appropriate to send or give a copy of the statement; (b) the director is not required to send or give a copy of the statement to a person whose whereabouts are not known to or readily ascertainable by the director; (c) it is not appropriate for the director to send or give a copy of the statement to a particular person if the director has reason to believe that it would be contrary to the patient's best interests to do so. 38—Cancellation of leave of absence (1) The director of a treatment centre may, by notice in the form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist, cancel any leave of absence from the centre granted to a patient under this Division. (2) The director has an absolute discretion to cancel any such leave. (3) The director must cause reasonable steps to be taken for the notice of cancellation to be given to the patient before, or as soon as practicable after, the patient is taken back into the care and control of treatment centre staff.

Part 6

Treatment and care plans

Part 6—Treatment and care plans 39—Treatment and care plans for voluntary patients (1) The treatment and care of a voluntary patient must, as far as practicable, be governed by a treatment and care plan directed towards the patient's recovery. (a) must describe the treatment and care that will be provided to the patient at the treatment centre and should describe any rehabilitation services and other significant services that will be provided or made available to the patient; and (i) the patient and any guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient who is providing support to the patient under this Act; and voluntary patient means— (a) a voluntary community patient; or (b) a voluntary inpatient. 40—Treatment and care plans for patients to whom community treatment orders apply (1) The treatment and care of a patient to whom a level 2 community treatment order applies must, as far as practicable, be governed by a treatment and care plan directed towards the patient's recovery. (a) must describe the treatment and care that will be provided to the patient under the requirements of the order and should describe any rehabilitation services and other significant services that will be provided or available to the patient whether under the requirements of the order or through the patient's voluntary participation; and (i) the patient and any guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient who is providing support to the patient under this Act; and 41—Treatment and care plans for patients to whom inpatient treatment orders apply (1) The treatment and care of a patient to whom a level 2 or level 3 inpatient treatment order applies must, as far as practicable, be governed by a treatment and care plan directed towards the patient's recovery. (a) must describe the treatment and care that will be provided to the patient as an inpatient in the approved treatment centre and should describe any rehabilitation services and other significant services that will be provided or available to the patient as an inpatient in the treatment centre or following the person's discharge from the centre; and (i) the patient and any guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient who is providing support to the patient under this Act; and

Part 7

Regulation of prescribed psychiatric treatments

Part 7—Regulation of prescribed psychiatric treatments Division A1—Prescribed Psychiatric Treatment Panel 41A—Prescribed Psychiatric Treatment Panel (1) The Prescribed Psychiatric Treatment Panel is established. (2) The Panel consists of— (a) the Chief Psychiatrist; and (b) no more than 8 other persons appointed by the Governor on the recommendation of the Minister, of whom at least— (i) 1 must be a patient or former patient; and (ii) 1 must be a carer or former carer; and (iii) 1 must be a senior psychiatrist; and (iv) 1 must be a neurosurgeon; and (v) 1 must be a legal practitioner in this State; and (vi) 1 must be a person with credentials and experience in bioethics. (3) A member of the Panel must be a person who, in the opinion of the Minister, is qualified, by reason of his or her knowledge, expertise and experience, to assist the Panel to exercise its functions under this Act. (4) The Minister must consult with the Chief Psychiatrist before making a recommendation under subsection (2)(b). (5) The Governor may make appointments from time to time in accordance with this section for the purpose of maintaining or increasing the membership of the Panel established under this section. 41B—Conditions of appointment to Panel (1) An appointed member of the Panel will be appointed for a term of office, not exceeding 5 years, and on conditions specified in the instrument of appointment (and is eligible for reappointment at the expiration of a term of office). (2) A member of the Panel is entitled to receive such allowances and expenses as the Governor may from time to time determine. (3) The Governor may, on the recommendation of the Minister, remove an appointed member from office for— (a) mental or physical incapacity to carry out official duties satisfactorily; or (b) neglect of duty; or (c) dishonourable conduct. (4) A person appointed to the Panel ceases to be a member if the person— (b) completes a term of office and is not reappointed; or (c) resigns by written notice to the Minister; or (d) ceases to satisfy any qualification by virtue of which the person was eligible for appointment to the Tribunal; or (e) is removed from office under subsection (3). (5) The Minister must consult with the Chief Psychiatrist before making a recommendation under subsection (3). 41C—Functions of Panel The Prescribed Psychiatric Treatment Panel has the following functions in relation to the regulation of prescribed psychiatric treatments: (a) to conduct a review of the progress of a patient who has, in the course of any 12 month period, received 3 or more courses of ECT treatment; (b) to conduct a review of the progress of a patient to whom, in the course of any 12 month period, 2 or more episodes of ECT have been administered without consent in reliance on section 42(6); (c) to authorise the carrying out of neurosurgery on a patient as a treatment for mental illness; (d) to carry out any other function conferred on the Panel under this Act. 41D—Constitution and proceedings of Panel (1) The following provisions apply in proceedings before the Prescribed Psychiatric Treatment Panel under this Act: (a) subject to this section, the Panel may decide its own proceedings; (b) the Chief Psychiatrist is the presiding member of the Panel; (c) the Panel will meet at such times and places as required by the Chief Psychiatrist for the purposes of carrying out its functions; (d) the Panel will be constituted, in relation to a particular matter or matters, by the Chief Psychiatrist and at least 2 other members selected by the Chief Psychiatrist; (e) a question the Panel is required to decide will be resolved according to the opinion of the majority of them (but, if the opinions on the question are equally divided, the question is to be resolved according to the opinion of the Chief Psychiatrist); (f) a telephone or video conference between members will, for the purposes of this section, be taken to be a meeting of the Panel at which the participating members are present. (2) A decision of the Panel must be recorded in writing and kept by the Chief Psychiatrist. Division 1—ECT 42—ECT (1) Subject to this section, but despite any other Act or law, ECT must not be administered to a patient unless— (a) the patient has a mental illness; and (b) ECT, or a course of ECT, has been authorised for treatment of the illness by a psychiatrist who has examined the patient; and (c) written consent to the treatment has been given— (i) if the patient has attained 16 years of age and is capable of making decisions on his or her own behalf—by the patient; or (ii) if the patient has attained 16 years of age but is incapable of making decisions on his or her own behalf— (A) in the case of a patient who has given an advance care directive under which a substitute decision‑maker has been appointed—by each substitute decision‑maker appointed under the advance care directive or by the Tribunal on application under this section; or (B) in any other case—by a medical agent or guardian of the patient or by the Tribunal on application under this section; or (iii) if the patient is under 16 years of age—by a parent or guardian of the patient or by the Tribunal on application under this section. (2) Consent to a course of ECT must be limited to a maximum of 12 episodes of ECT and a maximum period of 3 months, and any second or subsequent course of ECT for a patient must be separately consented to after the commencement or completion of the preceding course. (3) ECT administered to a patient in order to determine the correct dose for future episodes of ECT in a course of treatment must be counted as a single episode of ECT in that course of treatment for the purposes of this section. (4) The following provisions apply in relation to consent given to the administration of ECT treatment: (a) the consent extends to the administration of anaesthetics required for the purposes of the ECT treatment; (b) the consent does not extend to the use of any force for the purposes of administering the ECT treatment; (c) consent may be withdrawn at any time by the person by whom consent has been given. (5) An application for the Tribunal's consent under this section may be made by a medical practitioner or mental health clinician. (6) Consent to a particular episode of ECT is not required if a psychiatrist considers that— (a) the patient has a mental illness of such a nature that administration of that particular episode of ECT is urgently needed for the patient's well‑being; and (b) in the circumstances it is not practicable to obtain that consent. (7) A psychiatrist who administers or authorises the administration of an episode of ECT to a patient, either with consent under subsection (1) or without consent in reliance on subsection (6), must ensure that the Chief Psychiatrist is sent or given, within 1 business day, a written notice in the form approved by the Minister— (a) advising the Chief Psychiatrist of that action; and (8) A person who contravenes subsection (1) is guilty of an offence. Maximum penalty: $50 000 or 4 years imprisonment. (9) In this section— (b) a reference to an episode of ECT is a reference to a period during which ECT stimuli are administered under a continuing general anaesthetic. Division 2—Neurosurgery for mental illness 43—Neurosurgery for mental illness (1) Despite any other Act or law, neurosurgery must not be carried out on a patient as a treatment for mental illness unless— (a) the patient has a mental illness; and (b) the neurosurgery has been authorised for treatment of the illness by— (i) the person who is to carry it out; and (ii) 2 psychiatrists (at least 1 of whom is a senior psychiatrist), each of whom has separately examined the patient; and (iii) the Prescribed Psychiatric Treatment Panel; and (c) the patient is of or over 16 years of age and written consent to the treatment has been given— (i) by the patient; or (ii) if consent cannot be given by the patient—by the Tribunal on application under this section. (1a) For the purposes of subsection (1)(b)(iii), the person by whom the neurosurgery is to be carried out must ensure that the Chief Psychiatrist is sent or given, at least 14 days before the neurosurgery is proposed to be carried out— (a) a written notice in the form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist— (i) advising the Chief Psychiatrist of the proposed neurosurgery; and (ii) requesting the Prescribed Psychiatric Treatment Panel to authorise the proposed neurosurgery; and (iii) containing any other information required by the notice; and (b) a copy of the report of each psychiatrist on examining the patient under subsection (1)(b)(ii). (2) An application for the Tribunal's consent under this section may be made by a medical practitioner or mental health clinician. (2a) A person who carries out neurosurgery on a patient as a treatment for mental illness must ensure that the Chief Psychiatrist is sent or given, within 3 months of carrying out the neurosurgery— (a) a written report in the form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist containing such information about the neurosurgery as may be required by the Chief Psychiatrist; and (b) a copy of a report from a psychiatrist who has examined the patient after the neurosurgery. (3) A person who contravenes subsection (1) is guilty of an offence. Maximum penalty: $50 000 or 4 years imprisonment. Division 3—Other prescribed psychiatric treatments 44—Other prescribed psychiatric treatments (1) The regulations may regulate the administration of any prescribed psychiatric treatment (other than ECT or neurosurgery) by imposing requirements for prior authorisations or consents (or both). (2) Any requirements of the regulations for prior authorisations or consents (or both) for a treatment of mental illness will have effect despite the provisions of any other Act or law. (3) The regulations may impose a maximum penalty of $50 000 or 4 years imprisonment (or some lesser maximum penalty) for administering a treatment of mental illness without a prior authorisation or consent required under the regulations. (4) No regulation may be made declaring treatment to be prescribed psychiatric treatment, or regulating the administration of any such treatment, except on the recommendation of the Prescribed Psychiatric Treatment Panel.

Part 8

Further protections for persons with mental illness

Part 8—Further protections for persons with mental illness Division 1—Patients' rights and protections 45—Assistance of interpreters (1) If— (a) a medical practitioner or authorised mental health professional intends to conduct an examination of a person for the purposes of this Act; and (b) the person is unable to communicate adequately in English but could communicate adequately with the assistance of an interpreter, the medical practitioner or authorised mental health professional must arrange for a competent interpreter to assist during the examination of the person. (2) Subsection (1) does not apply— (a) to an examination following which a level 1 community treatment order or level 1 inpatient treatment order may be made unless the assistance of an interpreter can be readily arranged by the medical practitioner or authorised mental health professional in the circumstances; or (b) if the medical practitioner or authorised mental health professional and the person can communicate adequately in a language other than English. 46—Copies of Tribunal's orders, decisions and statements of rights to be given (1) A registrar of the Tribunal must ensure that a patient is given, as soon as practicable after the making by the Tribunal of an order or decision under this Act in respect of the patient— (a) a copy of the order or decision; and (2) If the patient is unable to read or otherwise comprehend the statement of rights, the registrar must ensure that any steps are taken that are practicable in the circumstances to convey the information contained in the statement to the patient. (3) Subject to subsection (4), the registrar must ensure that a copy of the order or decision and the statement of rights are sent or given to a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient as soon as practicable. (a) the person to be sent or given a copy of the order or decision and the statement of rights must be— (ii) if that is not practicable or appropriate—a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient who appears to have or be assuming responsibility for the care of the patient; or (iii) if that is not practicable or appropriate—any other guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient to whom it is practicable and appropriate to send or give a copy of the order or decision and the statement; (b) there is no requirement for a copy of the order or decision and the statement to be sent or given to a person whose whereabouts are not known to or readily ascertainable by the registrar; (c) it is not appropriate for a copy of the order or decision and the statement to be sent or given to a particular person if there is reason to believe that it would be contrary to the patient's best interests to do so. 47—Patients' right to be supported by guardian etc (1) A patient is entitled to have another person's support, wherever practicable, in— (a) the exercise of a right under this Act; or (b) any communications between the patient and a medical practitioner examining or treating the patient or between the patient and the director or staff of a treatment centre in which the patient is an inpatient. (2) The support may be provided by— (a) if the patient is a child—a parent or guardian of the patient; or (b) a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient who has been nominated by the patient for the purpose or who has or is assuming responsibility for the care of the patient; or (c) a person who provides advocacy services whether on a professional or voluntary basis; or (d) a community visitor. (3) A person providing support to a patient under this section must be allowed access to the patient subject to reasonable limits imposed by the medical practitioner in charge of the patient's treatment or by the director or staff of a treatment centre in which the patient is an inpatient. (4) However, a person providing support to a patient may be allowed to be present during a medical examination or treatment of the patient or may be excluded according to the discretion of the medical practitioner performing or supervising the examination or treatment. (5) This section is in addition to and does not derogate from the operation of section 4 (which entitles a parent or guardian of a child under 16 years of age to exercise rights conferred under this Act on behalf of the child). 48—Patients' right to communicate with others outside treatment centre (1) A patient in a treatment centre is entitled to— (a) communicate with persons outside the centre; and (b) receive visitors at the centre; and (c) be afforded reasonable privacy in his or her communications with others. (2) The rights conferred by subsection (1) are subject to any restrictions and conditions that have been approved by the Director of the centre as being reasonably required— (a) for carrying into effect any inpatient treatment order that applies to the patient; or (b) for the maintenance of order and security at the centre or the prevention of harm or nuisance to others. (3) No restrictions or conditions are to be applied under this section to communications by post between a patient in a treatment centre and any of the following, or to visits to a patient by any of the following: (a) the Minister; (b) the Tribunal; (c) the Public Advocate; (d) the Chief Psychiatrist; (e) the Health and Community Services Complaints Commissioner within the meaning of the Health and Community Services Complaints Act 2004; (f) a community visitor; (g) a member of Parliament; (h) a legal practitioner (in the practitioner's professional capacity); (i) a person representing, or acting on behalf of, a person or body referred to in any of the preceding paragraphs; (j) a person of a class prescribed by the regulations. 48A—Prohibition on use of spit hoods (1) A person performing a function or exercising a power under this Act must not place a spit hood on the head of a person. Maximum penalty: Imprisonment for 2 years. (2) Subsection (1) applies despite any other provision of this Act or any other Act or law. spit hood means a covering (however described) that is intended to be placed over a person's head to prevent the person from spitting on, or biting, another person. 49—Neglect or ill-treatment A person having the oversight, care or control of a patient who ill‑treats or wilfully neglects the patient is guilty of an offence. Division 2—Community visitor scheme 50—Principal Community Visitor (1) There will be a position of Principal Community Visitor. (2) A person will be appointed to the position of Principal Community Visitor on conditions determined by the Governor and for a term, not exceeding 5 years, specified in the instrument of appointment and, at the expiration of a term of appointment, will be eligible for reappointment. (3) The Governor may remove a person from the position of Principal Community Visitor on the presentation of an address from both Houses of Parliament seeking the person's removal. (4) The Governor may suspend a person from the position of Principal Community Visitor on the ground of incompetence or misbehaviour and, in that event— (a) a full statement of the reason for the suspension must be laid before both Houses of Parliament within 3 sitting days of the suspension; and (b) if, at the expiration of 1 month from the date on which the statement was laid before Parliament, an address from both Houses of Parliament seeking the person's removal has not been presented to the Governor, the person must be restored to the position. (5) The position of Principal Community Visitor becomes vacant if the person appointed to the position— (b) resigns by written notice given to the Minister; or (c) completes a term of appointment and is not reappointed; or (d) is removed from the position by the Governor under subsection (3); or (e) becomes bankrupt or applies as a debtor to take the benefit of the laws relating to bankruptcy; or (f) is convicted of an indictable offence or sentenced to imprisonment for an offence; or (g) becomes a member of the Parliament of this State or any other State of the Commonwealth or of the Commonwealth or becomes a member of a Legislative Assembly of a Territory of the Commonwealth; or (h) becomes, in the opinion of the Governor, mentally or physically incapable of performing satisfactorily the functions of the position. (6) The Minister may appoint a person to act in the position of Principal Community Visitor— (a) during a vacancy in the position; or (b) when the Principal Community Visitor is absent or unable to perform the functions of the position; or (c) if the Principal Community Visitor is suspended from the position under subsection (4). 50A—Community Visitors (1) The Minister may appoint Community Visitors for the purposes of this Act. (2) A person will be appointed to a position of Community Visitor on conditions determined by the Minister and for a term, not exceeding 3 years, specified in the instrument of appointment and, at the expiration of a term of appointment, will be eligible for reappointment. (3) The Minister may, on application by the Principal Community Visitor, or on the Minister's own initiative after consultation with the Principal Community Visitor, suspend or remove a person from a position of Community Visitor for any reason the Minister thinks fit. (4) A position of Community Visitor, becomes vacant if the person appointed to the position— (b) resigns by written notice given to the Minister; or (c) completes a term of appointment and is not reappointed; or (d) is removed from the position by the Minister under subsection (3); or (e) becomes bankrupt or applies as a debtor to take the benefit of the laws relating to bankruptcy; or (f) is convicted of an indictable offence or sentenced to imprisonment for an offence; or (g) becomes a member of the Parliament of this State or any other State of the Commonwealth or of the Commonwealth or becomes a member of a Legislative Assembly of a Territory of the Commonwealth; or (h) becomes, in the opinion of the Minister, mentally or physically incapable of performing satisfactorily the functions of the position. 51—Community visitors' functions and powers (1) Community visitors have the following functions: (a) to conduct visits to and inspections of treatment centres as required or authorised under this Division; (ab) to conduct visits to and inspections of authorised community mental health facilities as required or authorised under this Division; (b) to refer matters of concern relating to the organisation or delivery of mental health services in South Australia or the care, treatment or control of patients to the Minister, the Chief Psychiatrist or any other appropriate person or body; (c) to act as advocates for patients to promote the proper resolution of issues relating to the care, treatment or control of patients, including issues raised by a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of a patient or any person who is providing support to a patient under this Act; (d) any other functions assigned to community visitors by this Act or any other Act. (2) The Principal Community Visitor has the following additional functions: (a) to oversee and coordinate the performance of the community visitors' functions; (b) to advise and assist other community visitors in the performance of their functions, including the reference of matters of concern to the Minister, the Chief Psychiatrist or any other appropriate person or body; (c) to report to the Minister, as directed by the Minister, about the performance of the community visitors' functions; (d) any other functions assigned to the Principal Community Visitor by this Act or any other Act. (3) A community visitor will, for the purposes of this Division— (a) have the authority to conduct inspections of the premises and operations of any incorporated hospital; and (ab) have the authority to conduct inspections of the premises and operations of any incorporated health service; and (b) be taken to be an inspector under Part 10 of the Health Care Act 2008. 51A—Delegation by Principal Community Visitor (1) The Principal Community Visitor may delegate a power or function of the Principal Community Visitor under this Act to— (a) another community visitor; or (b) a particular person or body; or (c) the person for the time being performing particular duties or holding or acting in a particular position. (2) A delegation under this section— (b) does not derogate from the power of the Principal Community Visitor to act in a matter; and (c) is revocable at will by the Principal Community Visitor. 52—Visits to and inspections of treatment centres (1) Subject to this Division, each treatment centre— (a) must, in accordance with any requirements prescribed by the regulations, be visited and inspected at least once in every 2 month period; and (b) may be visited at any time. (3) On a visit to a treatment centre under this section, a community visitor must— (a) so far as practicable, inspect all parts of the centre used for or relevant to the care, treatment or control of patients; and (b) so far as practicable, make any necessary inquiries about the care, treatment and control of each inpatient; and (c) take any other action required under the regulations. (4) After any visit to a treatment centre, the community visitor must (unless the community visitor is the Principal Community Visitor) report to the Principal Community Visitor about the visit in accordance with the requirements of the Principal Community Visitor. (5) A visit may be made with or without previous notice and at any time of the day or night, and be of such length, as the community visitor thinks appropriate. (6) A visit may be made at the request of a patient or a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of a patient or any person who is providing support to a patient under this Act. 52A—Visits to and inspection of authorised community mental health facilities (1) Subject to this Division, an authorised community mental health facility— (a) must, in accordance with any requirements prescribed by the regulations, be visited and inspected— (i) in the case of a residential authorised community mental health facility—at least once in every 4 month period (unless the regulations provide otherwise); or (ii) in the case of an outpatient authorised community mental health facility—at least once in every 6 month period; and (b) may be visited at any time. (3) On a visit to an authorised community mental health facility, a community visitor must— (a) so far as practicable, inspect all parts of the facility used for or relevant to the care, treatment or control of patients; and (b) take any other action required under the regulations. (4) After any visit to an authorised community mental health facility, the community visitor must (unless the community visitor is the Principal Community Visitor) report to the Principal Community Visitor about the visit in accordance with the requirements of the Principal Community Visitor. (5) A visit may be made with or without previous notice and at any time of the day or night, and be of such length, as the community visitor thinks appropriate. (6) A visit may be made at the request of a patient or a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of a patient or any person who is providing support to a patient under this Act. (7) In this section— outpatient authorised community mental health facility means an authorised community mental health facility at which outpatient treatment is provided; residential authorised community mental health facility means an authorised community mental health facility at which mental health services are provided on a residential basis (whether or not outpatient treatment is also provided at the facility). 52B—Visits and inspections by audiovisual or other electronic means (1) This section applies to a visit and inspection of a treatment centre, authorised community mental health facility or other premises by a community visitor that is required or authorised under this or any other Act if— (a) in the opinion of the Principal Community Visitor, it is not reasonably practical for a community visitor to physically visit or enter the relevant premises; or (b) the visit or inspection occurs in any other circumstances prescribed by the regulations. (2) Without limiting the generality of subsection (1), the reasons that a physical visit or inspection may not be reasonably practical include— (a) a lack of availability of community visitors to conduct a physical visit or inspection; or (b) the remoteness of the relevant premises; or (c) the need to prevent the spread of contagious diseases. (3) The following provisions apply in relation to a visit or inspection to which this section applies: (a) the visit or inspection may be conducted by means of audiovisual or other electronic means; (b) despite a provision of this or any other Act requiring the visit or inspection to be conducted by more than 1 community visitor, the visit or inspection may be conducted by a single community visitor; (c) a reference in this or any other Act that contemplates a community visitor being physically on the relevant premises is to be construed accordingly. (4) Subject to this Act, a community visitor may, in relation to a visit or inspection to which this section applies, give such directions as the community visitor considers reasonably necessary to enable the visit or inspection to occur by audiovisual or other electronic means, including— (a) directions requiring a person, or person of a class— (i) to take reasonable steps to facilitate the visit or inspection; and (ii) to make equipment of a specified kind available for use in the course of the visit or inspection; and (iii) to grant access to such parts of the premises as may reasonably be accessed using the relevant audiovisual or other means; or (b) directions requiring a person, or person of a class, to provide the community visitor with access to a specified patient or resident of the premises, or patients or residents of a specified class, and for an appropriate area within the premises to be made available to enable confidential communication with the community visitor by the relevant audiovisual or other means. (5) A person must not, without reasonable excuse, refuse or fail to comply with a direction under subsection (4). Maximum penalty: $5 000. (6) A community visitor must ensure that the following information is reported on a publicly accessible website and updated on at least a quarterly basis: (a) the number of visits or inspections by the community visitor that have occurred by audiovisual or other electronic means in accordance with this section; (b) except where the Principal Community Visitor or Chief Psychiatrist (as the case requires) is of the opinion that it would be inappropriate to identify the premises or the address of the premises—the name and address of any premises subject to such a visit or inspection; (c) the date on which each such visit or inspection occurred; (d) the reasons why each such visit or inspection was a visit or inspection to which this section applies. (7) A report under subsection (6) must be made by— (a) in the case where the community visitor is the Chief Psychiatrist—the Chief Psychiatrist; or (b) in any other case—the Principal Community Visitor. (8) To avoid doubt, nothing in this section limits a power or function that may be exercised or performed by a community visitor in relation to a visit or inspection. (9) For the purposes of this section, the Chief Psychiatrist will be taken to be a community visitor. 53—Requests to see community visitors (1) A patient or a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of a patient or any person who is providing support to a patient under this Act may make a request to see a community visitor. (2) If such a request is made to the director of a treatment centre in which the patient is an inpatient, the director must advise a community visitor of the request within 2 days after receipt of the request. 54—Reports by Principal Community Visitor (1) The Principal Community Visitor must, on or before 30 September in every year, forward a report to the Minister on the performance of the community visitors' functions during the financial year ending on the preceding 30 June. (2) The Minister must, within 6 sitting days after receiving a report under subsection (1), have copies of the report laid before both Houses of Parliament. (3) The Principal Community Visitor may, at any time, prepare a special report to the Minister on any matter arising out of the performance of the community visitors' functions. (4) Subject to subsection (5), the Minister must, within 2 weeks after receiving a special report, have copies of the report laid before both Houses of Parliament. (5) If the Minister cannot comply with subsection (4) because Parliament is not sitting, the Minister must deliver copies of the report to the President and the Speaker and the President and the Speaker must then— (a) immediately cause the report to be published; and (b) lay the report before their respective Houses at the earliest opportunity. (6) A report will, when published under subsection (5)(a), be taken for the purposes of any other Act or law to be a report of the Parliament published under the authority of the Legislative Council and the House of Assembly.

Part 9

Powers relating to persons who have or appear to have mental illness

Part 9—Powers relating to persons who have or appear to have mental illness 54A—Issuing of patient assistance requests (1) If a community treatment order applies to a patient and the patient has not complied with the requirements of the order, a medical practitioner or mental health clinician may issue a patient assistance request for the purpose of treating the patient in accordance with the order at the place where the person is located. (2) A patient assistance request must be— (a) directed to authorised officers and police officers generally; and (b) in writing in the form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist. (3) A person in respect of whom a patient assistance request has been issued who is treated under the care and control of an authorised officer or police officer under this Part must, as soon as practicable, be given a copy of— (a) the patient assistance request; and 55—Issuing of patient transport requests (1) A patient transport request may be issued in respect of a patient as follows: (a) if a community treatment order applies to the patient and the patient has not complied with the requirements of the order, a medical practitioner or mental health clinician may issue the request for the purpose of the patient's transport for treatment in accordance with the order; (b) if a medical practitioner or authorised mental health professional has made a level 1 inpatient treatment order in respect of the patient at a place other than a treatment centre, the medical practitioner or authorised mental health professional may issue the request for the purpose of the patient's transport to a treatment centre; (c) if the patient is absent without leave, the director of a treatment centre, a medical practitioner or mental health clinician may issue the request for the purpose of the patient's transport to a treatment centre; (d) if an inpatient treatment order applies to the patient and the director of a treatment centre has given a direction for the transfer of the patient under Part 5 Division 5 to another treatment centre or hospital, the director may issue the request for the purpose of the patient's transport to the other treatment centre or hospital. (2) A patient transport request must be— (a) directed to authorised officers and police officers generally; and (b) in writing in the form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist. (3) A person in respect of whom a patient transport request has been issued who is taken into the care and control of an authorised officer or police officer under this Part must, as soon as practicable, be given a copy of— (a) the patient transport request; and 56—Powers of authorised officers relating to persons who have or appear to have mental illness (1) This section applies to a person if— (a) an authorised officer believes on reasonable grounds that the person is a patient in respect of whom— (i) a patient assistance request has been issued under section 54A(1); or (ii) a patient transport request has been issued under section 55(1); or (b) an authorised officer believes on reasonable grounds that the person is a patient who is absent without leave; or (c) it appears to an authorised officer that— (i) the person has a mental illness; and (ii) the person has caused, or there is a significant risk of the person causing, harm to himself or herself or others or property or the person otherwise requires medical examination. (2) An authorised officer may form an opinion about a person under subsection (1)(c) based on the officer's observations of the person's behaviour or appearance or reports about the person's behaviour, appearance or history (which may include reports about matters occurring outside the State). (3) An authorised officer may, subject to this section, exercise the following powers in relation to a person to whom this section applies: (a) the authorised officer may take the person into his or her care and control; (b) the authorised officer may transport the person from place to place; (c) the authorised officer may restrain the person and otherwise use force in relation to the person as reasonably required in the circumstances; (d) the authorised officer may restrain the person by means of the administration of a drug when that is reasonably required in the circumstances; (e) the authorised officer may enter and remain in a place where the authorised officer reasonably suspects the person may be found; (f) the authorised officer may search the person's clothing or possessions and take possession of anything in the person's possession that the person may use to cause harm to himself or herself or others or property. (4) An authorised officer who takes the person into his or her care and control must, as soon as practicable— (aa) in the case of a person referred to in subsection (1)(a)(i)—provide such assistance as reasonably required for the purpose of enabling or facilitating the treatment of the person at the place where the person is located; or (a) in the case of a person referred to in subsection (1)(a)(ii)—transport the person, or arrange for the person to be transported by some other authorised officer or by a police officer, in accordance with the patient transport request; or (b) in the case of a person referred to in subsection (1)(b)—transport the person, or arrange for the person to be transported by some other authorised officer or by a police officer, to a treatment centre; or (c) in the case of a person referred to in subsection (1)(c)— (i) transport the person, or arrange for the person to be transported by some other authorised officer or by a police officer, to a treatment centre or other place for medical examination; and (ii) give the person a copy of a written statement in the form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist (a statement of rights)— (A) informing the patient of his or her legal rights; and (B) containing any other information prescribed by the regulations. (5) The powers conferred by this section continue to be exercisable as reasonably required for the purpose of enabling or facilitating the medical examination or treatment of the person. (6) An authorised officer may not administer a drug to restrain a person under this section unless the officer is authorised to do so under the Controlled Substances Act 1984. (7) A search of a person must be carried out expeditiously and in a manner that avoids, as far as reasonably practicable, causing the person any humiliation or offence. (8) Anything taken into the possession of an authorised officer under this section may be held for as long as is necessary for reasons of safety, but must otherwise be returned to the person from whom it was taken or dealt with according to law. 57—Powers of police officers relating to persons who have or appear to have mental illness (1) This section applies to a person if— (a) a police officer believes on reasonable grounds that the person is a patient in respect of whom— (i) a patient assistance request has been issued under section 54A(1); or (ii) a patient transport request has been issued under section 55(1); or (b) a police officer believes on reasonable grounds that the person is a patient who is absent without leave; or (c) it appears to a police officer that— (i) the person has a mental illness; and (ii) the person has caused, or there is a significant risk of the person causing, harm to himself or herself or others or property; and (iii) the person requires medical examination. (2) This section does not apply to a patient in respect of whom a patient transport request has been issued by the director of a treatment centre under section 55(1)(d) unless the person has subsequently become a patient who is absent without leave. (3) A police officer is not required to exercise any medical expertise in order to form an opinion about a person under subsection (1)(c) and may form such an opinion based on the officer's observations of the person's behaviour or appearance or reports about the person's behaviour, appearance or history (which may include reports about matters occurring outside the State). (4) A police officer may, subject to this section, exercise the following powers in relation to a person to whom this section applies: (a) the police officer may take the person into his or her care and control; (b) the police officer may transport the person from place to place; (c) the police officer may restrain the person and otherwise use force in relation to the person as reasonably required in the circumstances; (d) the police officer may enter and remain in a place where the officer reasonably suspects the person may be found; (e) the police officer may use reasonable force to break into a place when that is reasonably required in order to take the person into his or her care and control; (f) the police officer may search the person's clothing or possessions and take possession of anything in the person's possession that the person may use to cause harm to himself or herself or others or property. (5) A police officer who takes the person into his or her care and control must, as soon as practicable— (aa) in the case of a person referred to in subsection (1)(a)(i)—provide such assistance as reasonably required for the purpose of enabling or facilitating the treatment of the person at the place where the person is located; or (a) in the case of a person referred to in subsection (1)(a)(ii)—transport the person, or arrange for the person to be transported by some other police officer or by an authorised officer, in accordance with the patient transport request; or (b) in the case of a person referred to in subsection (1)(b)—transport the person, or arrange for the person to be transported by some other police officer or by an authorised officer, to a treatment centre; or (c) in the case of a person referred to in subsection (1)(c)—transport the person, or arrange for the person to be transported by some other police officer or by an authorised officer, to a treatment centre or other place for medical examination. (6) The powers conferred by this section continue to be exercisable as reasonably required for the purpose of enabling or facilitating the medical examination or treatment of the person. (7) A search of a person must be carried out expeditiously and in a manner that avoids, as far as reasonably practicable, causing the person any humiliation or offence. (8) Anything taken into the possession of a police officer under this section may be held for as long as is necessary for reasons of safety, but must otherwise be returned to the person from whom it was taken or dealt with according to law. (9) If a police officer has arrested a person for an offence or apprehended a person under some other law, the person may, despite any other law, be released from police custody for the purpose of medical examination or treatment under this Act. (10) If a person who has been arrested for an offence is released from police custody for the purpose of medical examination or treatment under this Act— (a) the Commissioner of Police must be notified in accordance with the regulations of the action taken under this Act in relation to the person; and (b) the person must, at the request of the Commissioner of Police, be held and returned to police custody in the event that an inpatient treatment order is not made in respect of the person or ceases to apply to the person. 58—Officers may assist each other Authorised officers and police officers may assist each other in the exercise of powers under this Act. 58A—Officers to keep records about exercise of powers under Act (1) Authorised officers must keep records relating to the exercise of powers under this Act in a manner and form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist. (2) Police officers must keep such records relating to the exercise of powers under this Act as may be required by the Commissioner of Police. 59—Roles of various officers (1) The Minister may approve a memorandum of understanding between relevant agencies relating to the respective roles of authorised officers (including different classes of authorised officers) and police officers in— (a) the exercise of powers relating to persons who have or appear to have mental illness; and (b) the provision of other assistance to enable or facilitate the medical examination or treatment of such persons. (2) The Minister may only approve a memorandum of understanding with the agreement of the Minister responsible for the administration of the Police Act 1998. (3) Authorised officers, police officers and other persons engaged in the administration of this Act should endeavour to comply with the provisions of a memorandum of understanding approved under this section. (4) Nothing in this section is to affect the lawfulness of any action taken by an authorised officer or police officer in the exercise of powers under this Act. 60—Offence to hinder etc officer A person who hinders or obstructs an authorised officer or police officer in the exercise of powers under this Act is guilty of an offence.

Part 10

Arrangements between South Australia and other jurisdictions

Part 10—Arrangements between South Australia and other jurisdictions Division 1—Preliminary 61—Interpretation In this Part— another jurisdiction means a State (other than South Australia) or a Territory of the Commonwealth; corresponding law means a law of another jurisdiction— (a) that— (i) makes provision for the treatment and care of persons with mental illness; and (ii) corresponds (or substantially corresponds) to this Act; or (b) that is declared by the regulations to be a corresponding law for the purposes of this definition; interstate authorised officer means a person on whom power is conferred under a corresponding law to take a person who has a mental illness into his or her care and control; interstate community treatment order means an order made under a corresponding law for the purpose of bringing about the treatment of a person who has a mental illness without a requirement for the person's treatment as an interstate inpatient; interstate inpatient means a person admitted as a patient in an interstate treatment centre; interstate inpatient treatment order means an order made under a corresponding law for the purpose of bringing about the treatment as an interstate inpatient of a person who has a mental illness; interstate officer means a person on whom any power is conferred under a corresponding law; interstate patient absent without leave means a person to whom an interstate inpatient treatment order applies who is absent from an interstate treatment centre in which he or she was an interstate inpatient, or is otherwise absent without leave, without lawful authority under the relevant corresponding law; interstate treatment centre means a hospital or other facility in which a person may be admitted under an interstate inpatient treatment order, or a place at which a person to whom an interstate community treatment order applies may be required to be treated under the order; Ministerial agreement means an agreement made under section 62 or an agreement declared under that section to have effect as a Ministerial agreement for the purposes of this Part; South Australian authorised officer means an authorised officer under this Act or a member of South Australia Police under the Police Act 1998; South Australian community treatment order means a community treatment order under Part 4; South Australian inpatient treatment order means an inpatient treatment order under Part 5; South Australian officer means a person on whom any power is conferred under this Act; South Australian treatment centre means a treatment centre under Part 12. 62—Ministerial agreements (1) The Minister may make an agreement with a Minister responsible for administering a corresponding law about any matter in connection with the administration of this Part or a corresponding law. (2) The Minister may, by notice in the Gazette, declare that a specified agreement made by a Minister before the commencement of this section will have effect as a Ministerial agreement for the purposes of this Part. 63—Requests or approvals relating to actions involving other jurisdictions (1) If a provision of this Part provides that this subsection applies to the taking of specified action, the action may only be taken if— (a) such action is contemplated by, or not disallowed under, a Ministerial agreement with a Minister of the other State or the Territory that would be affected by the action; and (b) the action has been requested or approved by an interstate officer under the corresponding law of the State or Territory or the Ministerial agreement; and (c) the action is in the best interests of the patient or person in respect of whom the action is to be taken. (2) The Chief Psychiatrist may request or approve action by an interstate officer under the corresponding law of another State or a Territory that would affect South Australia if— (a) there is a Ministerial agreement with a Minister of the State or Territory that contemplates, or does not disallow, such action; and (b) the action may be taken under the corresponding law or the Ministerial agreement at the request or with the approval of a South Australian officer; and (c) the action is in the best interests of the patient or person in respect of whom the action is to be taken. 64—Powers of South Australian officers Subject to this Act, a South Australian officer may exercise any power conferred on the officer under this Act, a corresponding law or a Ministerial agreement. 65—Regulations may modify operation of Part The regulations may modify the operation of this Part for a purpose related to its interaction with the law of another State or a Territory of the Commonwealth relating to mental health. Division 2—Community treatment orders 66—South Australian community treatment orders and treatment in other jurisdictions (1) A South Australian community treatment order may be made or varied so that the order requires the person to whom the order applies to submit to treatment of the person's mental illness at an interstate treatment centre. (2) If a South Australian community treatment order requires treatment of a person's mental illness at an interstate treatment centre and the person fails to comply with the requirements of the order, the Chief Psychiatrist may issue a patient transport request in respect of the person for the purpose of the person's transport to the interstate treatment centre. (3) Subject to subsection (5), if an interstate authorised officer believes on reasonable grounds that a person in the officer's jurisdiction is a patient to whom a South Australian community treatment order applies (other than an order referred to in subsection (1)), 1 or more of the following powers may be exercised in relation to the person: (a) the person may be taken into the care and control of the officer; (b) the person may be delivered by an interstate officer into the care and control of a South Australian authorised officer for the purpose of the person's transport to a South Australian authorised community mental health facility, the person's usual place of residence or some other place specified in the order; (c) the person may be taken to an interstate treatment centre by an interstate officer and treated as an involuntary community patient there; (d) the person may be given treatment for his or her mental illness in the interstate treatment centre, without any requirement for the person's consent, based on the requirements of the South Australian community treatment order or as authorised by a medical practitioner who has examined the patient. (4) Section 63(1) applies to the taking of action under subsection (1), (2) or (3). (5) The powers under subsection (3) may only be exercised for a period not exceeding 42 days pending the making of an interstate community treatment order or the expiry of the South Australian community treatment order (whichever occurs first). (6) If a South Australian authorised officer or an interstate authorised officer believes on reasonable grounds that a person is the patient in respect of whom a patient transport request has been issued under subsection (2), the officer may, for the purpose of the person's transport to an interstate treatment centre— (b) if the officer is a police officer (however described) in South Australia or another jurisdiction—exercise the powers of a police officer under Part 9, 67—Powers of interstate officers (1) An interstate officer who is authorised to exercise powers under a corresponding law in connection with an interstate community treatment order may exercise those powers in South Australia in connection with the order. (2) Despite subsection (1), a power of forcible entry may only be exercised in South Australia in connection with an interstate community treatment order if the interstate officer is a police officer (however described) in the jurisdiction in respect of which the corresponding law is law. 68—Interstate community treatment orders and treatment in South Australia (1) If an interstate community treatment order is made or varied so that the order requires the person to whom the order applies to submit to treatment of the person's mental illness in South Australia, this Act applies as if— (a) a community treatment order were in force under this Act in respect of the person requiring the person to submit to treatment of the person's mental illness in South Australia in accordance with the terms of the interstate community treatment order; and (b) the community treatment order were to operate, despite the other provisions of this Act, for the period of operation of the interstate community treatment order. (2) If a South Australian authorised officer believes on reasonable grounds that a person in South Australia is a patient to whom an interstate community treatment order applies (other than an order referred to in subsection (1)), 1 or more of the following powers may be exercised in relation to the person: (a) the person may be taken into the care and control of a South Australian authorised officer; (b) the person may be delivered by a South Australian authorised officer into the care and control of an interstate authorised officer (whether in or outside South Australia) for the purpose of the person's transport to an interstate treatment centre, the person's usual place of residence or some other place specified in the order; (c) the person may be taken to a South Australian authorised community mental health facility by a South Australian authorised officer and treated as an involuntary community inpatient there; (d) the person may be given treatment for his or her mental illness in South Australia, without any requirement for the person's consent, based on the requirements of the interstate community treatment order or as authorised by a medical practitioner who has examined the patient. (3) Section 63(1) applies to the taking of action under subsection (2)(b). (4) The powers under subsection (2) may only be exercised for a period not exceeding 42 days pending the making of a South Australian community treatment order under section 69 or the expiry of the interstate community treatment order (whichever occurs first). (5) The Chief Psychiatrist must, as soon as practicable, be advised by notice in the form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist of a person to whom an interstate community treatment order applies who is being treated in South Australia for the person's mental illness under subsection (1) or (2). (6) The Chief Psychiatrist must ensure that, as soon as practicable after being so advised— (a) the person is given a copy of a written statement in the form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist (a statement of rights)— (i) informing the person of his or her legal rights; and (ii) containing any other information prescribed by the regulations; and (b) subject to subsection (7)—a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the person is notified that the person is being treated for the person's mental illness in South Australia under this section. (7) The following provisions apply for the purposes of subsection (6)(b): (i) a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the person nominated by the person for the purpose; or (ii) if that is not practicable or appropriate—a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the person who appears to have or be assuming responsibility for the care of the person; or (iii) if that is not practicable or appropriate—any other guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the person whom it is practicable and appropriate to notify; (b) the Chief Psychiatrist is not required to notify a person whose whereabouts are not known to or readily ascertainable by the Chief Psychiatrist; (c) it is not appropriate for the Chief Psychiatrist to notify a particular person if the Chief Psychiatrist has reason to believe that it would be contrary to the person to whom the order applies best interests to do so. (8) A South Australian authorised officer or an interstate authorised officer may, for the purpose of transporting the person to a South Australian treatment centre or interstate treatment centre, or enabling or facilitating medical treatment of the person— (b) if the officer is a police officer (however described) in South Australia or another jurisdiction—exercise the powers of a police officer under Part 9, 69—Making of South Australian community treatment orders when interstate orders apply (1) If an interstate community treatment order applies to a person who is now in South Australia, the Chief Psychiatrist may, without medical examination of the person, make an order for the treatment of the person's mental illness in South Australia containing requirements based on the requirements of the interstate community treatment order. (2) The Chief Psychiatrist may make the order whether or not the person resides in South Australia. (2a) The Chief Psychiatrist must ensure that, as soon as practicable after making the order— (a) the person is given a copy of— (i) the order; and (ii) a written statement in the form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist (a statement of rights)— (A) informing the person of his or her legal rights; and (B) containing any other information prescribed by the regulations; and (b) subject to subsection (2b)—a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the person is notified of the making of the order and the requirements of the order. (i) a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the person nominated by the person for the purpose; or (ii) if that is not practicable or appropriate—a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the person who appears to have or be assuming responsibility for the care of the person; or (iii) if that is not practicable or appropriate—any other guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the person whom it is practicable and appropriate to notify; (b) the Chief Psychiatrist is not required to notify a person whose whereabouts are not known to or readily ascertainable by the Chief Psychiatrist; (c) it is not appropriate for the Chief Psychiatrist to notify a particular person if the Chief Psychiatrist has reason to believe that it would be contrary to the person to whom the order applies best interests to do so. (3) If an order is made under subsection (1), this Act applies as if the order were a level 1 community treatment order made by a psychiatrist or authorised medical practitioner under Part 4 Division 1. Division 3—Transfer to or from South Australian treatment centres 70—Transfer from South Australian treatment centres (1) The Chief Psychiatrist may give a direction for the transfer to an interstate treatment centre of an involuntary inpatient or a patient absent without leave from a South Australian treatment centre. (2) Section 63(1) applies to the giving of a direction under this section. (3) A direction under this section must be given by writing in the form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist. (4) The Chief Psychiatrist must— (a) subject to subsection (5), notify a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient of the transfer of the patient to the interstate treatment centre; and (b) if the patient is an involuntary inpatient in the South Australian treatment centre under a level 3 inpatient treatment order—notify the Tribunal of the transfer. (5) The following provisions apply for the purposes of subsection (4)(a): (ii) if that is not practicable or appropriate—a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient who appears to have or be assuming responsibility for the care of the patient; or (iii) if that is not practicable or appropriate—any other guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient whom it is practicable and appropriate to notify; (b) the Chief Psychiatrist is not required to notify a person whose whereabouts are not known to or readily ascertainable by the Chief Psychiatrist; (c) it is not appropriate for the Chief Psychiatrist to notify a particular person if the Chief Psychiatrist has reason to believe that it would be contrary to the patient's best interests to do so. (6) Subject to subsection (7), a patient must not be transferred to an interstate treatment centre pursuant to a direction under this section until the period allowed for appeal against the direction has expired or, if an appeal has been instituted, until the appeal is finally determined or lapses. (7) Subsection (6) does not apply if written consent to the transfer has been given— (a) if the patient has attained 16 years of age and is capable of making decisions on his or her own behalf—by the patient; or (b) in any other case—by a person referred to in subsection (5)(a). 71—Transfer to South Australian treatment centres (1) The Chief Psychiatrist may approve the transfer of a person to whom an interstate inpatient treatment order applies (including an interstate patient absent without leave) to a South Australian treatment centre. (2) An approval under this section must be given by writing in the form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist. (2a) The Chief Psychiatrist must ensure that, as soon as practicable after the patient is admitted to the South Australian treatment centre— (a) the patient is given a copy of— (i) the order; and (ii) a written statement in the form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist (a statement of rights)— (A) informing the patient of his or her legal rights; and (B) containing any other information prescribed by the regulations; and (b) subject to subsection (2b)—a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient is notified of the patient's admission. (i) a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the person nominated by the patient for the purpose; or (ii) if that is not practicable or appropriate—a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient who appears to have or be assuming responsibility for the care of the patient; or (iii) if that is not practicable or appropriate—any other guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient whom it is practicable and appropriate to notify; (b) the Chief Psychiatrist is not required to notify a person whose whereabouts are not known to or readily ascertainable by the Chief Psychiatrist; (c) it is not appropriate for the Chief Psychiatrist to notify a particular person if the Chief Psychiatrist has reason to believe that it would be contrary to the patient's best interests to do so. (3) If an approval is given under this section for the transfer of a person to a South Australian treatment centre, this Act applies as if a level 1 inpatient treatment order had been made under this Act in respect of the person at the time of admission of the person to the South Australian treatment centre. 72—Patient transport requests (1) If the Chief Psychiatrist has given a direction for the transfer of a person to an interstate treatment centre under this Division, the Chief Psychiatrist may issue a patient transport request for the purpose of the person's transport to the interstate treatment centre. (2) If the Chief Psychiatrist has approved the transfer of a person to a South Australian treatment centre under this Division, the Chief Psychiatrist may issue a patient transport request for the purpose of the person's transport to the centre. (3) A patient transport request must be in writing in the form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist. 73—Powers when patient transport request issued If a South Australian authorised officer or an interstate authorised officer believes on reasonable grounds that a person is the person in respect of whom a patient transport request has been issued under this Division, the officer may, for the purpose of the person's transport to an interstate treatment centre or South Australian treatment centre (as the case requires)— (b) if the officer is a police officer (however described) in South Australia or another jurisdiction—exercise the powers of a police officer under Part 9, Division 4—Transport to other jurisdictions 74—Transport to other jurisdictions when South Australian inpatient treatment orders apply (1) If a South Australian inpatient treatment order has been made in respect of a person, the person making the order or a South Australian authorised officer may, with the approval of the Chief Psychiatrist, instead of transporting the person to a South Australian treatment centre for admission to that centre— (a) transport the person to an interstate treatment centre; or (b) deliver the person into the care and control of an interstate authorised officer (whether in or outside South Australia) for the purpose of the person's transport to an interstate treatment centre. (2) Section 63(1) applies to the taking of action under subsection (1). (3) A South Australian authorised officer or an interstate authorised officer may, for the purpose of the person's transport to an interstate treatment centre— (b) if the officer is a police officer (however described) in South Australia or another jurisdiction—exercise the powers of a police officer under Part 9, 75—Transport to other jurisdictions of persons with apparent mental illness (1) This section applies if a South Australian authorised officer has taken into his or her care and control a person who appears to have a mental illness and to require medical examination. (2) The South Australian authorised officer may, with the approval of the Chief Psychiatrist, instead of transporting the person to a South Australian treatment centre or other place in South Australia for medical examination— (a) transport the person to an interstate treatment centre or an interstate medical practitioner or interstate authorised mental health professional; or (b) deliver the person into the care and control of an interstate authorised officer (whether in or outside South Australia) for the purpose of the person's transport to an interstate treatment centre or an interstate medical practitioner or interstate authorised mental health professional. (3) Section 63(1) applies to the taking of action under subsection (2). (4) A South Australian authorised officer or an interstate authorised officer may, for the purpose of the person's transport to an interstate treatment centre, or to an interstate medical practitioner or interstate authorised mental health professional— (b) if the officer is a police officer (however described) in South Australia or another jurisdiction—exercise the powers of a police officer under Part 9, (5) In this section— interstate authorised mental health professional means a person, other than a medical practitioner, on whom power is conferred under a corresponding law to make an interstate inpatient treatment order in respect of a person who has a mental illness. 76—Transport to other jurisdictions when interstate inpatient treatment orders apply (1) If a South Australian authorised officer believes on reasonable grounds that a person in South Australia is an interstate patient absent without leave, 1 or more of the following powers may be exercised in relation to the person: (a) the person may be taken into the care and control of a South Australian authorised officer; (b) the person may be transported to an interstate treatment centre by a South Australian authorised officer; (c) the person may be delivered by a South Australian authorised officer into the care and control of an interstate authorised officer (whether in or outside South Australia) for the purpose of the person's transport to an interstate treatment centre; (d) the person may, with the approval of the Chief Psychiatrist, be taken to a South Australian treatment centre by a South Australian authorised officer and treated as an involuntary inpatient there pending the person's transport to an interstate treatment centre; (e) the person may, with the approval of the Chief Psychiatrist, be given treatment for his or her mental illness or any other illness in South Australia, without any requirement for the person's consent, as authorised by a medical practitioner who has examined the patient. (2) Section 63(1) applies to the taking of action under subsection (1)(b) or (c). (2a) As soon as practicable after the person is taken to a South Australian treatment centre under subsection (1)(d), or given treatment under subsection (1)(e), the director of the centre or the medical practitioner (as the case may be) must ensure that— (a) the patient is given a copy of a written statement in the form approved by the Chief Psychiatrist (a statement of rights)— (ii) containing any other information prescribed by the regulations; and (b) subject to subsection (2b)—a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient is notified of the person's admission. (i) a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient nominated by the person for the purpose; or (ii) if that is not practicable or appropriate—a guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the patient who appears to have or be assuming responsibility for the care of the person; or (iii) if that is not practicable or appropriate—any other guardian, medical agent, relative, carer or friend of the person whom it is practicable and appropriate to notify; (b) the director or medical practitioner is not required to notify a person whose whereabouts are not known to or readily ascertainable by the director or medical practitioner (as the case requires); (c) it is not appropriate for the director or medical practitioner to notify a particular person if the director or medical practitioner (as the case requires) has reason to believe that it would be contrary to the patient's best interests to do so. (3) Subsection (1)(e) does not apply to prescribed psychiatric treatment, or to prescribed treatment within the meaning of the Guardianship and Administration Act 1993. (4) If an interstate authorised officer believes on reasonable grounds that a person in South Australia is an interstate patient absent without leave, the officer may transport the person to an interstate treatment centre. (5) A South Australian authorised officer or an interstate authorised officer may, for the purpose of transporting the person to a South Australian treatment centre or interstate treatment centre, or enabling or facilitating medical treatment of the person— (b) if the officer is a police officer (however described) in South Australia or another jurisdiction—exercise the powers of a police officer under Part 9, (6) This section does not prevent action being taken under Division 3 for the transport of the person to a South Australian treatment centre if the Chief Psychiatrist has given an approval under that Division for the transfer of the person to the South Australian treatment centre. Division 5—Transport to South Australia 77—Transport to South Australia when South Australian inpatient treatment orders apply (1) If a South Australian authorised officer believes on reasonable grounds that a person in the care and control of an interstate officer outside South Australia is a South Australian patient absent without leave, the officer may transport the person to a South Australian treatment centre. (2) Section 63(1) applies to the taking of action under subsection (1). (3) If an interstate authorised officer believes on reasonable grounds that a person in the care and control of an interstate officer outside South Australia is a South Australian patient absent without leave, the officer may— (a) transport the person to a South Australian treatment centre; or (b) deliver the person into the care and control of a South Australian authorised officer for the purpose of the person's transport to a South Australian treatment centre. (4) A South Australian authorised officer or an interstate authorised officer may, for the purpose of the person's transport to a South Australian treatment centre— (b) if the officer is a police officer (however described) in South Australia or another jurisdiction—exercise the powers of a police officer under Part 9, (5) This section does not prevent action being taken under Division 3 for the transport of the person to an interstate treatment centre if the Chief Psychiatrist has given a direction under that Division for the transfer of the person to the interstate treatment centre. 78—Transport to South Australia of persons with apparent mental illness (1) This section applies if— (a) a person has been taken into the care and control of an interstate officer under a corresponding law because of the person's apparent mental illness; and (b) instead of action being taken for medical examination of the person under the corresponding law, the person is to be— (i) transported to a South Australian treatment centre or other place in South Australia for medical examination; or (ii) delivered into the care and control of a South Australian authorised officer (whether in or outside South Australia) for the purpose of the person's transport to a South Australian treatment centre or other place in South Australia for medical examination. (2) A South Australian authorised officer or an interstate authorised officer may, for the purpose of the person's transport to a South Australian treatment centre or other place in South Australia for medical examination— (b) if the officer is a police officer (however described) in South Australia or another jurisdiction—exercise the powers of a police officer under Part 9,

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Sourced from South Australian Legislation (legislation.sa.gov.au), CC BY 4.0.

1 Mental Health Act 2009

South Australia Mental Health Act 2009 An Act to make provision for the treatment, care and rehabilitation of persons with severe mental illness with the goal of bringing about their recovery as far as is possible; to confer powers to make orders for community treatment, or inpatient treatment, of such persons where required; to provide protections of the freedom and legal rights of persons with mental illness; and for other purposes.

Contents Part 1—Preliminary 1 Short title 3 Interpretation 4 Application of Act 5 Medical examinations by audio‑visual conferencing 5A Decision‑making capacity Part 2—Objects and guiding principles 6 Objects 7 Guiding principles Part 3—Voluntary inpatients 8 Voluntary inpatients 9 Voluntary inpatients to be given statement of rights Part 4—Orders for treatment of persons with mental illness Division 1—Level 1 community treatment orders 10 Level 1 community treatment orders 11 Chief Psychiatrist to be notified of level 1 orders or their variation or revocation 12 Copies of level 1 orders, notices and statements of rights to be given to patients etc 13 Treatment of patients to whom level 1 orders apply 14 Chief Psychiatrist to ensure monitoring of compliance with level 1 orders Division 2—Level 2 community treatment orders 16 Level 2 community treatment orders 17 Chief Psychiatrist to be notified of level 2 orders or their variation or revocation 18 Treatment of patients to whom level 2 orders apply 19 Chief Psychiatrist to ensure monitoring of compliance with level 2 orders Part 5—Orders for treatment as inpatient of persons with mental illness Division 1—Non‑compliance with community treatment orders and making of inpatient treatment orders 20 Non-compliance with community treatment orders and making of inpatient treatment orders Division 2—Level 1 inpatient treatment orders 21 Level 1 inpatient treatment orders 22 Chief Psychiatrist to be notified of level 1 orders or their revocation 23 Copies of level 1 orders, notices and statements of rights to be given to patients etc 24 Treatment of patients to whom level 1 orders apply Division 3—Level 2 inpatient treatment orders 25 Level 2 inpatient treatment orders 26 Notices and reports relating to level 2 orders 27 Copies of level 2 orders, notices and statements of rights to be given to patients etc 28 Treatment of patients to whom level 2 orders apply Division 4—Level 3 inpatient treatment orders 29 Level 3 inpatient treatment orders 30 Chief Psychiatrist to be notified of level 3 orders or their variation or revocation 31 Treatment of patients to whom level 3 orders apply Division 5—General 32 Inpatient treatment orders displace community treatment orders 33 Duty of director of treatment centre to comply with inpatient treatment orders 34 Involuntary inpatients not permitted to leave treatment centre or care and control of staff 34A Confinement and other powers relating to involuntary inpatients 35 Transfer of involuntary inpatients 36 Leave of absence of involuntary patients 37 Persons granted leave of absence to be given statement of rights 38 Cancellation of leave of absence Part 6—Treatment and care plans 39 Treatment and care plans for voluntary patients 40 Treatment and care plans for patients to whom community treatment orders apply 41 Treatment and care plans for patients to whom inpatient treatment orders apply Part 7—Regulation of prescribed psychiatric treatments Division A1—Prescribed Psychiatric Treatment Panel 41A Prescribed Psychiatric Treatment Panel 41B Conditions of appointment to Panel 41C Functions of Panel 41D Constitution and proceedings of Panel Division 1—ECT 42 ECT Division 2—Neurosurgery for mental illness 43 Neurosurgery for mental illness Division 3—Other prescribed psychiatric treatments 44 Other prescribed psychiatric treatments Part 8—Further protections for persons with mental illness Division 1—Patients' rights and protections 45 Assistance of interpreters 46 Copies of Tribunal's orders, decisions and statements of rights to be given 47 Patients' right to be supported by guardian etc 48 Patients' right to communicate with others outside treatment centre 48A Prohibition on use of spit hoods 49 Neglect or ill-treatment Division 2—Community visitor scheme 50 Principal Community Visitor 50A Community Visitors 51 Community visitors' functions and powers 51A Delegation by Principal Community Visitor 52 Visits to and inspections of treatment centres 52A Visits to and inspection of authorised community mental health facilities 52B Visits and inspections by audiovisual or other electronic means 53 Requests to see community visitors 54 Reports by Principal Community Visitor Part 9—Powers relating to persons who have or appear to have mental illness 54A Issuing of patient assistance requests 55 Issuing of patient transport requests 56 Powers of authorised officers relating to persons who have or appear to have mental illness 57 Powers of police officers relating to persons who have or appear to have mental illness 58 Officers may assist each other 58A Officers to keep records about exercise of powers under Act 59 Roles of various officers 60 Offence to hinder etc officer Part 10—Arrangements between South Australia and other jurisdictions Division 1—Preliminary 61 Interpretation 62 Ministerial agreements 63 Requests or approvals relating to actions involving other jurisdictions 64 Powers of South Australian officers 65 Regulations may modify operation of Part Division 2—Community treatment orders 66 South Australian community treatment orders and treatment in other jurisdictions 67 Powers of interstate officers 68 Interstate community treatment orders and treatment in South Australia 69 Making of South Australian community treatment orders when interstate orders apply Division 3—Transfer to or from South Australian treatment centres 70 Transfer from South Australian treatment centres 71 Transfer to South Australian treatment centres 72 Patient transport requests 73 Powers when patient transport request issued Division 4—Transport to other jurisdictions 74 Transport to other jurisdictions when South Australian inpatient treatment orders apply 75 Transport to other jurisdictions of persons with apparent mental illness 76 Transport to other jurisdictions when interstate inpatient treatment orders apply Division 5—Transport to South Australia 77 Transport to South Australia when South Australian inpatient treatment orders apply 78 Transport to South Australia of persons with apparent mental illness Part 11—Reviews and appeals 79 Reviews of treatment orders and other matters 80 Decisions and reports on reviews of treatment orders 81 Reviews of orders (other than Tribunal orders) 83 Review of directions for transfer of patients to interstate treatment centres 83A Reviews and appeals 84 Representation on reviews or appeals Part 11A—Special provisions relating to Tribunal 85 Tribunal must give notice of proceedings 85A Reasons for decisions 85B Representation of person who is subject of proceedings Part 12—Administration Division 1—Minister and Chief Executive 86 Minister's functions 87 Delegation by Minister 88 Delegation by Chief Executive Division 2—Chief Psychiatrist 89 Chief Psychiatrist 90 Chief Psychiatrist's functions 91 Delegation by Chief Psychiatrist 92 Annual report of Chief Psychiatrist Division 3—Authorised medical practitioners 93 Authorised medical practitioners Division 4—Authorised mental health professionals 94 Authorised mental health professionals 95 Code of practice for authorised mental health professionals Division 5—Treatment centres 96 Approved treatment centres 97 Limited treatment centres 97A Authorised community mental health facilities 100 Delegation by directors of treatment centres Part 13—Miscellaneous 101 Errors in orders etc 102 Offences relating to authorisations and orders 103 Medical practitioners or health professionals not to act in respect of relatives 104 Removing inpatients from treatment centres 106 Confidentiality and disclosure of information 107 Prohibition of publication of reports of proceedings 108 Requirements for notice to Tribunal or Chief Psychiatrist 109 Evidentiary provision 110 Regulations 111 Review of Act Schedule 1—Certain conduct may not indicate mental illness Schedule 2—Transitional provisions 2 Transitional provisions Legislative history