This Act creates a single statutory framework for Tasmania’s public money, centralising cash management, investment and account rules in the Public Account and giving the Treasurer broad control (accounts, overdrafts, investments, Specific Purpose Accounts and instructions). It makes Agency accountable authorities responsible for financial management, requires audited reporting and gives the Auditor‑General oversight. It matters because it concentrates fiscal discretion in the Treasurer, increases compliance and reporting costs for Agencies, and shapes how taxpayers’ funds are allocated and safeguarded.
This Act establishes the framework for the State's financial management, replacing earlier Public Account and Financial Management Acts (see Schedule 3). Mechanically it does the following.
Creates the Public Account as the repository for General Government Sector receipts and expenditures, and integrates Specific Purpose Accounts into that construct (ss 9, 17(2), 11(5)).
Prescribes the accounting basis for Public Account transactions, requiring accounts to be kept on generally accepted accounting principles or Government Finance Statistics (s 10).
Allocates core operational responsibilities between the Treasurer, accountable authorities of Agencies and Ministers, with the Treasurer retaining primary powers to determine account arrangements, issue expenditure control authorities and invest and borrow (ss 4, 13, 17, 21, 28, 31, 52, 53).
Sets rules for how money is to be handled by Agencies and officers: receipts generally credited to the Public Account, daily banking of collections, limits on overdrafts, and prohibition on drawing funds except under prescribed authority (ss 11(5), 15, 14, 11(2), 25).
Establishes two segregated account types within the Public Account framework: Specific Purpose Accounts, which the Treasurer may establish, designate and close for particular purposes including future obligations (s 17), and Agency Trust Accounts for monies held in trust, with strict purpose limits on withdrawals (s 18).
Provides the apparatus for annual and intra-year financial reporting by the Treasurer and by Agencies, setting publication windows and required content for quarterly reports, revised estimates, preliminary outcomes and an annual financial report (ss 35-41, 42, 44). The Act ties these requirements to the Audit Act 2008 by cross-reference to audit obligations (ss 35(1), 40(2)(f), 42(3)).
Current sections
Direct links to the current provisions in Financial Management Act 2016.
In this Act, unless the contrary intention appears –
abolition of an Agency means –
(a) the abolition of the Agency; or
(b) the amalgamation of the Agency with one or more Agencies; or
(c) the division of the Agency into 2 or more Agencies;
accountable authority means a person from time to time holding or acting in –
(a) a position specified in Column 2 of Part 1 or 2 of Schedule 1 , opposite an Agency specified in Column 1 of that Part of the Schedule; or
(b) the position of a person specified in an order under section 6(3) to be the accountable authority in relation to an entity;
accounts means –
(a) records, however compiled, recorded or stored, of transactions in respect of money, or other property, expressed in monetary units or, in the case of property, expressed in monetary units or other units of measurement; and
(b) any books, documents, writing, monetary forms, abstracts, vouchers and other records of any kind from which records mentioned in paragraph (a) have been compiled;
Agency means a Government department, State authority, body, organisation, or office, that is specified in Column 1 of Part 1 or 2 of Schedule 1 ;
Agency Trust Account means an Agency Trust Account established under section 18 ;
(a) the speech, introducing an Appropriation Bill for a financial year, given by the Minister who introduces the Bill into the House of Assembly; and
(b) the papers that are tabled in Parliament in connection with that Bill;
entity includes –
(a) a Government Business Enterprise; and
(b) a State-owned Company; and
(c) a State authority that is not a Government Business Enterprise; and
(d) the council or board (however designated) of, or for, a corporation, body of persons, or institution, that is or are appointed by the Governor or a Minister of the Crown –
but does not include an Agency specified in Part 1 or 2 of Schedule 1 ;
final report means a report prepared and submitted under section 46(3)(b) ;
financial year –
(a) means a period of 12 months ending on 30 June in any year; or
(b) if an Agency is required by any written law, or a direction given under section 43 , to maintain financial records for any other period of 12 months, means, in relation to that Agency, that other period;
General Government Sector means the Agencies referred to in Column 1 of Part 1 or 2 of Schedule 1 ;
generally accepted accounting principles means the standard framework for financial reporting that is established in accordance with –
(a) the Australian Accounting Standards; and
(b) other requirements issued by the Australian Accounting Standards Board;
Government Finance Statistics means the Government Finance Statistics as established by the Australian Bureau of Statistics;
officer means a person who is –
(a) a State Service officer or State Service employee; or
(b) employed –
(i) by or in an Agency; or
(ii) by the Governor-in-Council pursuant to the royal prerogative or pursuant to any written law; or
(iii) for the purposes of an Agency pursuant to any written law –
whether that person is employed under a contract of service or a contract for service and whether or not that person receives any remuneration for the employment;
other money means money collected, received or held by the State or an Agency for, or on behalf of, a person other than the State or an Agency;
other property means property that is held by the State or an Agency for, or on behalf of, a person other than the State or an Agency;
Public Account means the Public Account referred to in section 9 ;
public money means money collected, received or held by any person for, or on behalf of, the State or an Agency;
public property means all property, other than public money, held by a person for, or on behalf of, the State or an Agency;
regulations means regulations made and in force under this Act;
reporting officer means a person appointed by the Treasurer under section 46(1) ;
Secretary means the Secretary of the department responsible for the administration of this Act;
Specific Purpose Account means a Specific Purpose Account established under section 17(1) ;
State authority means any body or authority, whether incorporated or not, that is –
(a) established or constituted under a written law or under the royal prerogative; and
(b) a body, or authority, which, or of which the governing authority, wholly or partly comprises a person, or persons, appointed by the Governor, a Minister or another State authority;
State-owned Company means a company incorporated under the Corporations Act which is controlled by –
(a) the State; or
(b) a State authority; or
(c) another company which is itself controlled by the State or a State authority;
Treasurer's annual financial report means the annual financial report prepared by the Treasurer under section 40 ;
Treasurer's expenditure control authority means a Treasurer's expenditure control authority referred to in section 28 ;
Treasurer's Instructions means instructions issued by the Treasurer under section 51 ;
written law means –
(a) an Act passed by the Parliament of Tasmania and for the time being in force; and
(b) all subordinate legislation for the time being in force under any such Act; and
(c) any directions given under this Act; and
(d) any Treasurer's Instructions.
4
Appropriate Minister
4 Appropriate Minister
(1) Subject to this section, for the purposes of this Act, the appropriate Minister in relation to an Agency is the Minister for the time being responsible for the administration of that Agency.
(2) If more than one Minister has responsibility for the administration of an Agency, a reference in a provision of this Act to the appropriate Minister is to be taken, in so far as the provision applies to an activity, of that Agency, for which one of those Ministers has responsibility, to be a reference to that Minister.
(3) A reference in this Act to the appropriate Minister in relation to an Agency is to be taken to be, if the Agency is –
(a) the Legislative Council – a reference to the President of the Legislative Council; or
(b) the House of Assembly – a reference to the Speaker of the House of Assembly; or
(c) the Legislature-General – a reference to the President and the Speaker acting jointly; or
(4) If there is doubt as to who is the Minister who has responsibility for the administration of an activity, the Treasurer is to determine who is to be the appropriate Minister in relation to that activity.
5
Principles of sound financial management
5 Principles of sound financial management
(1) An accountable authority must, as far as is practicable, undertake the financial management of an Agency in a manner that is consistent with the principles of sound fiscal management.
(2) In respect of the financial management of the State, the Government is to have regard to the principles of sound fiscal management.
(3) The principles of sound fiscal management are the principles defined in the Charter of Budget Responsibility set out in the Charter of Budget Responsibility Act 2007 .
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Application of Act
6 Application of Act
(1) The provisions of this Act apply to Agencies specified in Column 1 of Part 1 or 2 of Schedule 1 .
(2) The Treasurer may, by order, determine that this Act, or any specified provision of this Act, does not apply to an Agency, or to an organisation forming part of an Agency, specified in the order.
(3) The Treasurer may, by order –
(a) determine that this Act, or any specified provision of this Act, applies to an entity –
(ii) that is not a Government Business Enterprise or a State-owned Company; and
(b) determine who is to be the accountable authority for that entity.
(4) An order made under subsection (2) or (3) may be expressed to be in force for a period specified in the order, in which case the order is in force for the period so specified and then ceases to have effect.
(6) If the enabling Act of an entity in respect of which an order has been made under subsection (3) contains provisions in respect of the financial management of the entity –
(a) those provisions are suspended during the period that the entity is subject to this Act, unless the Treasurer determines otherwise; or
(b) if the Treasurer determines that only some of those provisions are to be suspended, those provisions are suspended during the period that the entity is subject to this Act.
(7) If the enabling Act of an Agency specified in Schedule 1 contains provisions in respect of the financial management of the Agency –
(a) those provisions are suspended, unless the Treasurer determines otherwise; or
(b) if the Treasurer determines that only some of those provisions are to be suspended, those provisions are suspended.
(8) Nothing in this Act limits the application of Part IV of theConstitution Act 1934 or the powers of the House of Assembly and the Legislative Council that are described in that Part.
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Application of Act to certain appropriations
7 Application of Act to certain appropriations
(1) The provisions of this Act are in addition to, and not in derogation from, the provisions of the Financial Agreement Act 1994 and this Act is to be construed accordingly.
(b) the commencement or continuation of any other work or undertaking contrary to any enactment requiring the specific authority of Parliament for that work or undertaking.
8
Power of Governor to amend Part 1 of Schedule 1
8 Power of Governor to amend Part 1 of Schedule 1
(1) The Governor may, by order, amend Column 1 of Part 1 of Schedule 1 –
(a) by omitting the name of an Agency; or
(b) by inserting the name of another Agency, other than an Agency specified in Part 2 of that Schedule; or
(c) if the name of any Agency specified in Part 1 of Schedule 1 is changed, by omitting the name of that Agency and inserting its new name.
(2) The Governor may, by order, amend Column 2 of Part 1 of Schedule 1 by inserting, opposite the name of an Agency, the title or other description of an office or by omitting or amending that title or other description.
(3) The Governor may, by order, omit Part 1 of Schedule 1 and substitute a new Part 1.
Part 2
Accounts
Part 2 Accounts
9
Public Account
9 Public Account
For the purposes of this Act, the Public Account of the State comprises –
(a) receipts of, and expenditure from, the General Government Sector, that do not form part of a Specific Purpose Account or an Agency Trust Account; and
(b) any Specific Purpose Accounts established under section 17 .
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System of public accounts
10 System of public accounts
(1) The Treasurer must keep accounts of all transactions affecting the Public Account.
(2) The system of accounting for all transactions affecting the Public Account is to be based on –
(a) generally accepted accounting principles; or
(b) Government Finance Statistics.
11
Public Account: expenditure and receipts
11 Public Account: expenditure and receipts
(1) The Treasurer must properly record all expenditure from the Public Account.
(2) An officer must not draw money from the Public Account except under the authority of this Act or some other Act.
(3) Every appropriation out of the Public Account for any financial year lapses and ceases to have effect for any purpose at the close of that year.
(4) The Treasurer may cause to be opened the accounts he or she considers necessary for the purpose of recording transactions in connection with the Public Account.
(5) Except as otherwise provided by this or any other Act, all receipts of the State, including –
(a) all money received by the Treasurer after the commencement of this Act in repayment of advances or loans made, or money borrowed, for the public purposes of the State under an Act; and
(b) all money borrowed for the purposes of an Appropriation Act; and
(c) all money received from the Commonwealth; and
(d) all money received by the Treasurer from the sale of lands or other property belonging to the State; and
(e) all money received by an Agency, unless the Treasurer determines otherwise; and
(f) any other receipts determined by the Treasurer –
are to be credited to the Public Account.
(6) Any money borrowed by, or on behalf of, the State is to be recorded through an account of the State established for that purpose –
(a) by the Treasurer; or
(b) by an Agency, if the money has been borrowed pursuant to a determination under section 53 .
(7) If an Agency is unable to determine correctly the purpose for which any money has been paid to that Agency, the money is to be retained by the Agency until the Agency has determined the purpose or the Treasurer determines the purpose for which the money is to be applied.
12
Other money collected to be credited to Public Account
12 Other money collected to be credited to Public Account
(1) Other money which comes into the possession or control of an officer of an Agency –
(a) is to be treated in the same manner as if it were public money; and
(b) is to be paid by that officer into the Public Account or is to be accounted for in another manner that the Treasurer directs.
(2) For the purposes of this section, other money does not include money that is to be held in trust by the State or an Agency.
(3) This section applies to the extent only to which it is consistent with any other written law applicable to that money.
13
Authorised deposit-taking institution accounts
13 Authorised deposit-taking institution accounts
(1) An accountable authority may, with the prior approval of the Treasurer, open and maintain one or more authorised deposit-taking institution accounts for the purpose, and subject to any terms and conditions, that the Treasurer determines.
(2) An account opened and maintained in accordance with subsection (1) is to be used to receive and expend money only as authorised by this Act or any other written law.
14
Treasurer may approve overdraft
14 Treasurer may approve overdraft
An officer must not cause any authorised deposit-taking institution account of an Agency maintained under this Part to be overdrawn, except with, and subject to, the approval of the Treasurer.
15
All money to be paid to authorised deposit-taking institution account
15 All money to be paid to authorised deposit-taking institution account
An accountable authority must ensure that all public money or other money collected or received is paid each day, or at other intervals approved by the Treasurer, into an authorised deposit-taking institution account maintained in accordance with this Act or any other written law.
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Agency accounts
16 Agency accounts
An accountable authority of an Agency is to, in respect of all money paid into or out of the Public Account or Agency Trust Account in respect of that Agency, establish and maintain accounts, and accounting and financial information systems, in accordance with this Act and with the Treasurer's Instructions.
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Establishment of Specific Purpose Accounts
17 Establishment of Specific Purpose Accounts
(1) The Treasurer may –
(a) establish one or more Specific Purpose Accounts for any money kept in the Public Account; and
(b) specify the purposes for which a Specific Purpose Account is to be used, including to provide for future obligations; and
(c) determine the Agency that is to be responsible for administering a Specific Purpose Account.
(2) The money standing to the credit of a Specific Purpose Account is taken to be money standing to the credit of the Public Account.
(3) The Treasurer may direct that a Specific Purpose Account be closed.
(4) If the Treasurer directs that a Specific Purpose Account be closed, the account is, after all liabilities relating to the account have been met, to be closed by the Agency that is responsible for administering that account.
(5) The Treasurer may direct that –
(a) any money standing to the credit of a Specific Purpose Account that is not required for the purposes of that account; and
(b) the balance of money standing to the credit of a Specific Purpose Account closed under subsection (3) –
be transferred to another account, in the Public Account, determined by the Treasurer.
(6) If any money has been credited to a Specific Purpose Account without the approval of the Treasurer, the Treasurer may direct that the money be transferred to another account, in the Public Account, determined by the Treasurer.
(7) The Treasurer may –
(a) accept, and credit to an appropriate Specific Purpose Account, deposits of money belonging to, or appropriated or set aside for the use of, the State or an Agency; and
(b) allow interest on those deposits at the rates approved by the Treasurer.
(8) The Treasurer may accept, and credit to an appropriate Specific Purpose Account, money granted or loaned to the State by the Commonwealth that is –
(a) to be applied for specified purposes prescribed by or under a Commonwealth Act; or
(b) received by the State on condition that it be applied for purposes referred to in paragraph (a) ; or
(c) received by the State in accordance with an agreement made between the State and the Commonwealth in respect of the purposes for which that money may be spent –
and may, without any authority other than this Act, issue and apply that money for the purposes for which it was granted or loaned.
(9) The Treasurer is not to expend any money standing to the credit of a Specific Purpose Account except for the purposes of that account or under the authority of this Act.
(10) The Treasurer is to –
(a) approve, as part of the development of the annual Appropriation Act; and
(b) report to Parliament in the Budget Papers –
the estimated receipts and expenditure in relation to each Specific Purpose Account.
(11) After an Appropriation Act is passed in respect of a financial year, the Treasurer may approve a variation in the estimated receipts and expenditure in relation to a Specific Purpose Account.
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Agency Trust Accounts
18 Agency Trust Accounts
(1) The Treasurer may establish Agency Trust Accounts for the receipt of money by the State or an Agency to be held in trust.
(2) The accountable authority is to ensure that all money required or permitted by this Act or any other law in force in the State to be held in trust by the State or an Agency is credited to an Agency Trust Account.
(3) Money may be withdrawn from an Agency Trust Account only for the purposes of the trust to which the money relates or for any purpose authorised by this Act or any other written law.
(4) Each Agency must keep, in relation to each Agency Trust Account, the accounts that are specified in the Treasurer's Instructions.
(5) If any money has been credited to an Agency Trust Account without the approval of the Treasurer, the Treasurer may direct that the money be transferred to an account, in the Public Account, that the Treasurer determines.
(6) The Treasurer may invest, in securities approved by the Treasurer for the purposes of this section, any money standing to the credit of an Agency Trust Account.
Part 3
Funds Management
Part 3 Funds Management
19
Supporting statements in respect of Bills for Appropriation Acts
19 Supporting statements in respect of Bills for Appropriation Acts
(1) A Bill for an Appropriation Act in relation to a financial year is to be accompanied by a statement in the Budget Papers showing, in respect of that financial year, the total amounts of –
(a) estimated receipts of the Public Account; and
(b) estimated expenditure from the Public Account; and
(c) the major General Government Sector financial statements required to be prepared in accordance with the Australian Accounting Standards.
(2) The Treasurer may include with the accompanying statements referred to in subsection (1) , in the form, or manner, if any, that the Treasurer determines, any other financial or statistical report.
(3) In this section, a reference to an Appropriation Act does not include a reference to a supplementary Appropriation Act or a Supply Act.
20
Transfer of appropriations of Public Account
20 Transfer of appropriations of Public Account
(1) If, in an Appropriation Act, an amount is specified opposite an item in the Schedule to that Act as estimated expenditure on that item and the Treasurer is of the opinion that the amount is deficient, the Treasurer may make good the deficiency out of any surplus arising, or saving effected, in relation to another item specified in that Schedule.
(2) The Public Account is, without further or other appropriation, appropriated to the extent necessary to provide an amount mentioned in subsection (1) .
21
Treasurer's Reserve
21 Treasurer's Reserve
(1) The Treasurer may, in any financial year, issue and apply from the Public Account, for expenditure, the need for which could not, in the opinion of the Treasurer, reasonably have been foreseen and which is necessary for efficient financial administration –
(a) an amount that is contingently appropriated by an Appropriation Act for the relevant financial year; and
(b) if receipts, additional to the total estimated receipts specified in a statement accompanying an Appropriation Act, are generated within that financial year – the amount of those additional receipts less any amount of Commonwealth money received by the State.
(2) The amount that may be issued and applied from the Public Account under subsection (1) may not, in total, exceed 2.5% of the total appropriation in the Appropriation Act for that financial year.
(3) Subsection (1) does not authorise expenditure for a purpose other than a purpose mentioned in an Appropriation Act then in force, unless the Governor has, in writing, approved that expenditure.
(4) The Public Account is, without further or other appropriation, appropriated to the extent necessary to provide an amount mentioned in subsection (1)(b) .
(5) Nothing in this section affects the operation of section 30 .
22
Variation of appropriations for Commonwealth grants
22 Variation of appropriations for Commonwealth grants
(1) If –
(a) an appropriation is to be funded in whole or in part by a payment made to the State, by the Commonwealth, that is to be applied for a nominated purpose; and
(b) the Budget Papers contain an estimate of the level of funding to be provided to the State by the Commonwealth for that purpose which is less than the level of funding provided by the Commonwealth –
the Treasurer may, in writing, direct that the appropriation be increased to an amount not exceeding the level of funding provided by the Commonwealth.
(2) If funding provided to the State by the Commonwealth is for a purpose not specified in the Budget Papers for the current financial year, the Treasurer may issue and apply from the Public Account, for a purpose approved, in writing, by the Treasurer, an amount not exceeding the level of funding provided by the Commonwealth.
(3) The Public Account is, without further or other appropriation, appropriated to the extent necessary to provide an amount mentioned in subsection (1) or (2) .
23
Rollover of unexpended balance of an appropriation
23 Rollover of unexpended balance of an appropriation
(1) If an amount appropriated to an Agency in a financial year remains unexpended, the Treasurer may determine that an amount of that unexpended appropriation which, in total, does not exceed 5% of that Agency's appropriation is to be issued and applied from the Public Account in the following financial year.
(2) The determination mentioned in subsection (1) must specify –
(a) the Agency and item in the Schedule to an Appropriation Act to which the amount is to be issued and applied; and
(b) the total amount authorised to be issued and applied; and
(c) the purpose for which the amount is to be issued and applied.
(3) The Public Account is, for the following financial year, appropriated to the extent necessary to provide for the amount mentioned in subsection (2)(b) .
24
Supplementary estimates
24 Supplementary estimates
(1) The Treasurer, after the end of each financial year, is to –
(a) prepare supplementary estimates of all expenditure from the Public Account that is authorised under section 20 , 21 , 22 or 30 together with a summary of all determinations made under section 23(1) ; and
(b) cause the supplementary estimates prepared under paragraph (a) , as they consist before being audited under the Audit Act 2008 , to be included in the Treasurer's preliminary outcomes report prepared in accordance with section 39 ; and
(c) cause the supplementary estimates prepared under paragraph (a) , as they consist after being audited under the Audit Act 2008 , to be laid before each House of Parliament together with the annual financial report prepared in accordance with section 40 .
(2) If the Treasurer is unable to comply with subsection (1)(c) because either House of Parliament is not sitting, the Treasurer –
(a) is to immediately forward to the Clerk of the Legislative Council or the Clerk of the House of Assembly, as the case may require, copies of the supplementary estimates prepared under subsection (1)(a) , as they consist after being audited under the Audit Act 2008 ; and
(b) on the next sitting-day of that House, is to cause copies of those supplementary estimates to be laid before that House.
25
Authority for expenditure
25 Authority for expenditure
An accountable authority must not draw money from the Public Account except in accordance with –
(a) a Treasurer's expenditure control authority; or
(b) estimated expenditure approved by the Treasurer pursuant to section 17(10) or (11) ; or
(c) any other written law.
26
Application out of Public Account for advances to Agencies, &c.
26 Application out of Public Account for advances to Agencies, &c.
(1) Subject to this section, the Treasurer may issue and apply out of the Public Account the amounts that are required to provide –
(a) advances to Agencies, the accounts of which are kept in the relevant Agency; and
(b) special advances to Agencies for specific purposes, pending adjustment when actual expenditure on those purposes is made.
(2) An advance to an Agency must not be made under subsection (1)(a) unless –
(a) the expenditure is in accordance with an Appropriation Act; or
(b) the expenditure is authorised under section 30 .
(3) Unless otherwise determined by the Treasurer and approved by the Auditor-General, all amounts that are issued and applied under subsection (1) are to be paid back by the relevant Agency into the Public Account.
27
Power of Treasurer to meet current and accruing requirements
27 Power of Treasurer to meet current and accruing requirements
(1) The Treasurer may, in any financial year before the passing of an Appropriation Act for that year, issue and apply in accordance with this section the amounts that may be necessary to meet the current and accruing requirements for that year.
(2) The power of the Treasurer under subsection (1) in respect of a financial year –
(a) ceases on the passing of an Appropriation Act for or in respect of that financial year; and
(b) does not in any event extend beyond the first 2 months of that financial year.
(3) On the passing of an Appropriation Act, all money issued and applied under this section is to be regarded and treated for all purposes as having been paid out of the supply granted by that Act under the appropriate items.
(4) A payment under this section –
(a) is to be at the rates equivalent to the rates of payment in the immediately preceding financial year in respect of the appropriate item to which the payment relates; and
(b) is not in the whole to exceed the amount that would be equivalent to the expenditure of an amount of 20% of the appropriation of the immediately preceding financial year in respect of each Agency.
(5) If an appropriation includes an Agency that was not included in the Appropriation Act for the last preceding financial year, a payment authorised by this section is not to exceed an amount of 20% of the estimated appropriation for that Agency for the current financial year.
(6) If –
(a) the estimates of expenditure for a financial year have been submitted to Parliament; and
(b) the rate of expenditure in those estimates is, in any case, lower for any Agency than the rate of expenditure authorised in the Appropriation Act for the last preceding financial year –
a payment authorised by this section is not to exceed the lower rate.
28
Treasurer's expenditure control authority
28 Treasurer's expenditure control authority
(1) The Treasurer, from time to time, is to issue a Treasurer's expenditure control authority to the appropriate Minister for the purpose of issuing and applying money from the Public Account in accordance with an Appropriation Act.
(2) The appropriate Minister is to authorise the responsible accountable authority to incur expenditure in accordance with the authority referred to in subsection (1) .
(3) A Treasurer's expenditure control authority –
(a) may be a standing authority regulating expenditure in general terms; or
(b) may limit or specify the period or nature of expenditure transactions or series of expenditure transactions.
(4) A reference in this section to the regulation of the expenditure of money includes a reference to the commitment of money for expenditure.
(5) Nothing in this section authorises the Treasurer to expend money –
(a) in excess of an amount appropriated by Parliament; or
(b) for any purpose other than a purpose authorised by Parliament, unless otherwise provided in this Act or any other written law.
29
Temporary borrowing pending receipts
29 Temporary borrowing pending receipts
(1) If –
(a) authority to pay money out of the Public Account has been granted by any Act; and
(b) the money standing to the credit of the Public Account is, for the time being, insufficient to provide for that payment –
the Governor may authorise the Treasurer to make arrangements for obtaining temporary advances to an extent not exceeding, in any case, the amount by which –
(c) the receipts of revenue; or
(d) as the case may be, the available money borrowed –
are or is for the time being insufficient to provide for that payment.
(2) A temporary advance under this section may be authorised –
(a) by way of overdraft or otherwise; and
(b) in the State or elsewhere.
(3) The interest or discount on a temporary advance under this section is chargeable to the Public Account which, to the necessary extent, is appropriated accordingly.
(4) All amounts of money raised by a temporary advance under this section during a financial year are to be issued and applied by the Treasurer solely for the purposes for which an Appropriation Act for that financial year has authorised an issue of money from the Public Account.
30
Governor's authority for emergency expenditure
30 Governor's authority for emergency expenditure
(1) In cases of emergency, if it is necessary to incur expenditure from the Public Account –
(a) in excess of an amount authorised to be spent by an item in a Schedule to an Appropriation Act; or
(b) for a purpose not provided for by Parliament –
the Treasurer must obtain the written authority of the Governor.
(2) The Treasurer must, before seeking the Governor's authority under subsection (1) , request that the Auditor-General prepare a report to the effect that the authority would be proper having regard to the circumstances of the emergency.
(3) The Treasurer must provide to the Governor any report that is provided by the Auditor-General to the Treasurer under subsection (2) .
(4) The Auditor-General –
(a) before making a report under subsection (2) , may seek any necessary explanation from the Treasurer or any other appropriate Minister; and
(b) may make, in that report, any observation that the Auditor-General thinks necessary.
(5) The Treasurer may authorise the issue and application of money from the Public Account of the amount, and for the purposes, specified in the written authority for emergency expenditure from the Governor.
31
Investment of funds of Public Account
31 Investment of funds of Public Account
(1) Money standing to the credit of the Public Account may be invested by the Treasurer in securities approved by the Treasurer for the purposes of this section.
(2) Except where otherwise provided in this Act or any other Act, the Treasurer must pay into the Public Account any interest or other return that is received from the investment of money standing to the credit of the Public Account.
Part 4
Accountable Authorities
Part 4 Accountable Authorities
32
Accountable authority responsible to Minister
32 Accountable authority responsible to Minister
(1) The accountable authority of an Agency specified in Part 1 of Schedule 1 is responsible to the appropriate Minister for the financial management of the Agency.
(2) The accountable authority of an Agency specified in Part 2 of Schedule 1 is responsible for the financial management of the Agency.
33
Delegation by accountable authority
33 Delegation by accountable authority
An accountable authority may delegate any of his or her functions or powers under this Act, other than this power of delegation.
34
Accountable authority responsibilities
34 Accountable authority responsibilities
An accountable authority of an Agency is responsible for the financial management of the Agency in an efficient, effective and economical manner, including in particular –
(a) ensuring that expenditure by the Agency is in accordance with the law; and
(b) ensuring the effective and efficient use of resources in achieving the Government's objectives; and
(c) ensuring that appropriate stewardship is maintained over the assets of the Agency and the incurring of liabilities of the Agency; and
(d) ensuring that the Agency's financial management processes, records, procedures, controls and internal management structures are appropriate; and
(e) ensuring the custody, control and management of, and accounting for, all public property, public money, other property and other money in the possession of, or under the control of, the Agency; and
(f) ensuring the proper collection of all money payable to, or collectable under, any law administered by the Agency; and
(g) conducting reviews, at the times determined by the Treasurer, of fees and charges collected by or payable to the Agency; and
(h) ensuring compliance by the Agency with this Act or any other written law.
Part 5
Reports
Part 5 Reports
Division 1
Treasurer's reports
Division 1 Treasurer's reports
35
Treasurer's September quarterly report
35 Treasurer's September quarterly report
(1) The Treasurer is to publish a report (the September quarterly report) no later than 45 days after the Auditor-General's report has been prepared pursuant to section 16(2) of theAudit Act 2008 .
(2) The Treasurer is to publish the expected date for the publication of the September quarterly report at least 7 days before the expected date.
(3) The September quarterly report is to contain, in respect of the major General Government Sector statements as defined by the Australian Accounting Standards and disclosed in the Budget Papers, results for the period of 3 months ending on the previous 30 September.
(4) The September quarterly report is to contain, in respect of the major Public Account statements disclosed in the Budget Papers, results for the period of 3 months ending on the previous 30 September.
(5) The Treasurer may include in the September quarterly report, in the form, or manner, if any, that the Treasurer determines, any other financial or statistical report.
36
Treasurer's revised estimates report
36 Treasurer's revised estimates report
(1) The Treasurer is to publish a report (the revised estimates report) no later than 15 February in the financial year to which it relates.
(2) The Treasurer is to publish the expected date for the publication of the revised estimates report at least 7 days before the expected date.
(3) The revised estimates report is to contain, in respect of the major General Government Sector statements as defined by the Australian Accounting Standards and disclosed in the Budget Papers –
(a) original estimates disclosed in the Budget Papers for the current financial year; and
(b) revised estimates for the current financial year; and
(c) revised forward estimates.
(4) The revised estimates report is to contain an explanation of any material variation between the original estimates disclosed in the Budget Papers and the revised estimates for the current financial year.
(5) The revised estimates report is to contain an assessment of the Government's fiscal performance against its current fiscal strategy statement, within the meaning of the Charter of Budget Responsibility Act 2007 .
(6) The revised estimates report is to contain in respect of the major Public Account statements disclosed in the Budget Papers –
(a) original estimates of Public Account receipts and expenditures disclosed in the Budget Papers for the current financial year; and
(b) revised estimates of Public Account receipts and expenditures for the current financial year.
(7) The Treasurer may include in the revised estimates report, in the form, or manner, if any, that the Treasurer determines, any other financial or statistical report.
37
Treasurer's December quarterly report
37 Treasurer's December quarterly report
(1) The Treasurer is to publish a report (the December quarterly report) no later than 15 February in the financial year to which it relates.
(2) The Treasurer is to publish the expected date for the publication of the December quarterly report at least 7 days before the expected date.
(3) The December quarterly report is to contain, in respect of the major General Government Sector statements as defined by the Australian Accounting Standards and disclosed in the Budget Papers, results for the period of 6 months ending on the previous 31 December.
(4) The December quarterly report is to contain, in respect of the major Public Account statements disclosed in the Budget Papers, results for the period of 6 months ending on the previous 31 December.
(5) The December quarterly report is to contain the balances of Specific Purpose Accounts as at 31 December in the financial year to which the December quarterly report relates.
(6) The Treasurer may include in the December quarterly report, in the form, or manner, if any, that the Treasurer determines, any other financial or statistical report.
38
Treasurer's March quarterly report
38 Treasurer's March quarterly report
(1) If a Bill for an Appropriation Act is tabled within 45 days before the commencement of the financial year to which it relates, the Treasurer is to publish a report (the March quarterly report) which is to be included in the Budget Papers.
(2) If a Bill for an Appropriation Act is tabled more than 45 days before the commencement of the financial year to which it relates, the Treasurer is to publish the March quarterly report by no later than 15 May in the financial year to which it relates.
(3) The Treasurer is to publish the expected date for the publication of the March quarterly report at least 7 days before the expected date.
(4) The March quarterly report is to contain, in respect of the major General Government Sector statements as defined by the Australian Accounting Standards and disclosed in the Budget Papers, results for the period of 9 months ending on the previous 31 March.
(5) The March quarterly report is to contain, in respect of the major Public Account statements disclosed in the Budget Papers, results for the period of 9 months ending on the previous 31 March.
(6) The Treasurer may include in the March quarterly report, in the form, or manner, if any, that the Treasurer determines, any other financial or statistical report.
39
Treasurer's preliminary outcomes report
39 Treasurer's preliminary outcomes report
(1) Before 31 July in each year, the Secretary is to –
(a) review the preliminary outcomes results for the previous financial year; and
(b) determine whether those results vary materially from the revised estimates published in the Budget Papers that relate to the previous financial year.
(2) If the Secretary's determination under subsection (1) is that there is no material variation, the Secretary must inform the Treasurer and publicly release a notice that no report will be issued.
(3) If the Secretary's determination under subsection (1) is that there is material variation, the Secretary must inform the Treasurer.
(4) On receiving advice under subsection (3) , the Treasurer is to publish a report (the preliminary outcomes report) for the previous financial year by no later than the 15 August immediately following the financial year to which the report relates.
(5) The preliminary outcomes report for the previous financial year is to contain, in respect of the major General Government Sector statements as defined by the Australian Accounting Standards and disclosed in the Budget Papers –
(a) original estimates disclosed in the Budget Papers for the previous financial year; and
(b) preliminary results for the previous financial year.
(6) The Treasurer may include in any preliminary outcomes report, in the form, or manner, if any, that the Treasurer determines, any other financial or statistical report.
40
Treasurer's annual financial report
40 Treasurer's annual financial report
(1) The Treasurer is to prepare an annual financial report for each financial year, no later than the 31 October immediately following the financial year to which the report relates.
(2) The annual financial report is to contain for the financial year to which the report relates –
(a) the original estimates disclosed in the Budget Papers in respect of the major General Government Sector statements as defined by the Australian Accounting Standards; and
(b) the results in respect of the major General Government Sector statements; and
(c) the results in respect of the major Public Account statements disclosed in the Budget Papers; and
(d) the balances of Specific Purpose Accounts at the end of that financial year; and
(e) an assessment of the Government's fiscal performance against its current fiscal strategy statement, within the meaning of the Charter of Budget Responsibility Act 2007 ; and
(3) The Treasurer may include in the annual financial report, in the form, or manner, if any, that the Treasurer determines, any other financial or statistical report.
41
Tabling of Treasurer's annual financial report
41 Tabling of Treasurer's annual financial report
(1) The Treasurer, on or before 31 October in each year, is to cause copies of the Treasurer's annual financial report for the previous financial year to be laid before each House of Parliament.
(2) If the Treasurer is unable to comply with subsection (1) because neither House of Parliament is sitting, the Treasurer is to immediately –
(a) forward copies of the Treasurer's annual financial report to the Clerk of the Legislative Council or the Clerk of the House of Assembly, as the case may require; and
(b) make copies of the Treasurer's annual financial report available to the public –
and, on the next sitting-day of that House, is to cause copies of the Treasurer's annual financial report to be laid before that House.
Division 2
Annual reports by Agencies
Division 2 Annual reports by Agencies
42
Reports by Agencies
42 Reports by Agencies
(1) An accountable authority of an Agency, in respect of each financial year, is to prepare financial statements of the Agency in respect of that financial year.
(2) The financial statements required to be prepared by subsection (1) are to be prepared and certified in accordance with, and in the manner, and form, if any, specified in, the Treasurer's Instructions, so as to present fairly –
(a) the financial transactions of the Agency during the financial year; and
(b) the components, of the financial position of the Agency at the end of the financial year, that are specified in the Treasurer's Instructions; and
(c) any other components of the financial position of the Agency at the end of the financial year that the accountable authority considers desirable to be included in the statements.
(3) An accountable authority is to submit to the appropriate Minister the financial statements prepared under subsection (1) , together with the Auditor-General's report on those statements prepared in accordance with section 19 of the Audit Act 2008 , by the date determined by that Minister for the purpose of complying with section 44 .
(4) If an Agency is required by section 36(1) of theState Service Act 2000 or any other Act to prepare an annual report, the financial statements prepared under subsection (1) and the Auditor-General's report on those statements prepared in accordance with section 19 of the Audit Act 2008 are to be combined so as to form part of that annual report.
43
Power to fix special financial year
43 Power to fix special financial year
(1) The Treasurer may direct that the financial records of an Agency be maintained in respect of a period of 12 months ending on a day other than 30 June in any year.
(2) A direction under subsection (1) may fix different periods of 12 months in relation to different accountable authorities, different Agencies and different parts of Agencies.
44
Tabling of reports of accountable authorities
44 Tabling of reports of accountable authorities
(1) The appropriate Minister in relation to an Agency, on or before 31 October in each year, is to cause to be laid before each House of Parliament copies of –
(a) the financial statements prepared under section 42(1) in relation to the Agency, together with the Auditor-General's report on those statements prepared in accordance with section 19 of the Audit Act 2008 ; or
(b) if section 42(4) applies to the Agency, an annual report prepared under section 42(4) in relation to the Agency.
(2) If the appropriate Minister is unable to comply with subsection (1) in relation to a copy of a document, or copies of documents, referred to in that subsection because neither House of Parliament is sitting, the appropriate Minister, on 31 October, is to immediately –
(a) forward a copy of the document, or copies of the documents, to be laid before each House of Parliament under subsection (1) , to the Clerk of the Legislative Council or the Clerk of the House of Assembly, as the case may require; and
(b) make copies of the document, or of the documents, available to the public –
and, on the next sitting-day of that House, cause a copy of the document, or copies of the documents, to be laid before that House.
(3) If 31 October is a Saturday or Sunday or a day which is a statutory holiday as defined in the Statutory Holidays Act 2000 or a public holiday throughout the State, it is sufficient compliance with this section if copies of the documents –
(a) are forwarded to the Clerk of the Legislative Council and the Clerk of the House of Assembly; and
(b) are made available to the public –
on the next day after 31 October which is not a statutory holiday as defined in the Statutory Holidays Act 2000 or a public holiday throughout the State.
(4) If the Treasurer has given a direction under section 43(1) that the financial records of an Agency are be maintained in respect of a period of 12 months ending on a day other than 30 June in any year –
(a) the Treasurer may fix a date other than 31 October for the tabling under this section of the documents referred to in subsection (1) in relation to the Agency; and
(b) if a date is so fixed, this section has effect as if references to 31 October were references to the date so fixed.
(5) If an Agency is required by section 36(1) of theState Service Act 2000 to prepare an annual report, the Treasurer must consult with the Minister administering that Act before fixing a date under subsection (4) in relation to the Agency.
(6) A date fixed under subsection (4) is not to be later than 4 months after the expiration of the period of 12 months specified in the relevant direction.
Division 3
Reporting on abolition of Agencies
Division 3 Reporting on abolition of Agencies
45
Purpose of Division
45 Purpose of Division
The purpose of this Division is to secure proper accountability in relation to the abolition of an Agency.
46
Reporting on abolition of Agency
46 Reporting on abolition of Agency
(1) Before, on or after the abolition of an Agency, the Treasurer is to appoint a person to perform the duties of a reporting officer set out in this Division.
(2) If the abolition of an Agency takes effect at the end of a financial year of the Agency, the reporting officer is to comply with the provisions of section 42 of this Act and section 17 of theAudit Act 2008 in respect of the Agency –
(a) for that financial year; and
(b) to the extent that those provisions have not been complied with for any earlier financial year of the Agency –
as if the reporting officer were the accountable authority for the purposes of those sections.
(3) If the abolition of an Agency takes effect at a time other than the end of a financial year of the Agency, the reporting officer is to –
(a) comply with the provisions of section 42 of this Act and section 17 of theAudit Act 2008 in respect of the Agency, as if the reporting officer were the accountable authority for the purposes of those sections, to the extent that those provisions have not been complied with for any financial year of the Agency that ended before the abolition; and
(b) prepare and submit to the Minister a final report in respect of the Agency for the period starting from the beginning of that financial year of the Agency and ending with the abolition.
(4) The Treasurer may give the reporting officer written directions as to the preparation and submission of the final report.
(5) On appointment under subsection (1) , the reporting officer has a duty to prepare and submit any report required under this section and to comply with any directions given by the Treasurer under subsection (4) .
47
Content of final report
47 Content of final report
The reporting officer is to include in the final report financial statements and information of the kind referred to in section 42 .
48
Reporting officers entitled to reasonable assistance and facilities and access to accounts
48 Reporting officers entitled to reasonable assistance and facilities and access to accounts
(1) For the purposes of this Division, the reporting officer is entitled to be provided with reasonable assistance and facilities and to have full and free access at all reasonable times to all accounts and any other information, documents and records, in the possession of any person, that the reporting officer considers necessary for those purposes.
(2) The reporting officer may –
(a) make copies of, or take extracts from, any of those accounts, documents or records; or
(b) make a record of any of that information.
(3) A person who has possession of any accounts, information, documents or records of the kind referred to in subsection (1) must at any reasonable time, on the request of the reporting officer, produce any of those accounts, documents or records, or any of that information, specified in the request.
Penalty: Fine not exceeding 50 penalty units.
49
Reporting officers to submit financial statements and information to Auditor-General
49 Reporting officers to submit financial statements and information to Auditor-General
(1) Subject to any directions given by the Treasurer for the purposes of this Division, the reporting officer is to submit for the opinion of the Auditor-General the financial statements and information referred to in section 47 .
(2) Subject to any necessary modifications, this Act applies to those financial statements in the same way that it applies to financial statements referred to in section 42 .
(3) Section 44 applies to the final report in the same way that it applies to the financial statements referred to in section 42 , but the prescribed period referred to in section 44 is taken to be 14 days after the final report is submitted to the appropriate Minister.
Part 6
Miscellaneous
Part 6 Miscellaneous
50
Delegations
50 Delegations
(1) The Treasurer may, by instrument in writing and either generally or as otherwise provided by that instrument, delegate to a Minister or the Secretary such of the Treasurer's functions and powers under this Act as are specified in that instrument.
(2) The Treasurer may, by instrument in writing, revoke wholly or in part or vary a delegation made under subsection (1) .
(3) If a function or power has been delegated under subsection (1) to the Secretary, the Secretary may, by instrument in writing, delegate to a person for the time being holding a specified office in the responsible Department in relation to this Act any functions or powers that are delegated to the Secretary in accordance with this section, other than this power of delegation.
(4) The Secretary may, by instrument in writing, revoke wholly or in part or vary a delegation made under subsection (3) .
(5) An act or thing done in the performance of a function or power delegated under subsection (1) or (3) has the same force and effect as if it had been done by the Treasurer under this Act.
(6) A delegation under this section may be made subject to the conditions or limitations –
(a) as to the performance or exercise of any of the functions or powers delegated; or
(b) as to time or circumstance –
specified in the instrument of delegation.
(7) Despite any delegation made under this section, the Treasurer may continue to perform or exercise all or any of the functions or powers delegated.
(8) An instrument purporting to be signed by a delegate of the Treasurer or of the Secretary in the capacity of such a delegate is in all courts and before all persons acting judicially to be received in evidence as if it were an instrument executed by the Treasurer or Secretary, as the case may require.
(9) If the Treasurer or Secretary by whom a delegation is made dies, or ceases to hold office as such, that delegation is taken to continue in force according to its tenor until it is revoked or varied under this section.
51
Treasurer's Instructions
51 Treasurer's Instructions
(1) The Treasurer is to issue instructions in respect of the principles, practices and procedures to be observed in the financial management of all Agencies.
(2) Instructions issued under subsection (1) have effect unless they are inconsistent with this Act or any Act, subordinate legislation or direction referred to in the definition of written law in section 3 .
(3) Treasurer's Instructions may be issued –
(a) so as to apply –
(i) at all times or at a time specified in the Treasurer's Instructions; or
(ii) to all Agencies or to Agencies specified in the Treasurer's Instructions; and
(b) so as to confer a discretionary authority on a person or body or a class of persons or bodies specified in the Treasurer's Instructions.
(4) It is the duty of each accountable authority and officer to comply with any requirement of the Treasurer's Instructions that is applicable to that accountable authority or officer.
(5) Treasurer's Instructions are not statutory rules within the meaning of the Rules Publication Act 1953 .
The Treasurer may borrow such money as may be required for the purposes of the State.
53
Investment and borrowing powers
53 Investment and borrowing powers
Unless the Treasurer determines otherwise, all investment and borrowing powers are to be held exclusively by the Treasurer.
54
Indemnities and guarantees
54 Indemnities and guarantees
(1) An accountable authority of an Agency must seek the Treasurer's approval if the Agency intends to enter into any indemnity or guarantee arrangement which the accountable authority reasonably believes has the capacity to impose a significant financial burden on the Agency or on the public finances of the State.
Penalty: Fine not exceeding 50 penalty units.
(2) An accountable authority of an Agency must advise the Treasurer if an event occurs that may significantly affect the financial position of the Agency or the public finances of the State.
Penalty: Fine not exceeding 50 penalty units.
55
Ex gratia payments
55 Ex gratia payments
(1) If the Treasurer is satisfied that it is appropriate to do so because of special circumstances, the Treasurer may authorise an amount to be paid to a person even though the payment would not otherwise be authorised by law or be required to meet a legal liability.
(2) A payment under this section may be made subject to conditions.
(3) If a condition imposed under subsection (2) on a payment is breached, the amount paid may be recovered as a debt due to the State in a court of competent jurisdiction.
56
Write-off of debts, &c.
56 Write-off of debts, &c.
(1) The Treasurer may, in writing, on behalf of the State –
(a) write off the State's right to payment of an amount payable to the State; or
(b) write off losses, or deficiencies, of money; or
(c) write off the value of lost, deficient, condemned, unserviceable, abandoned or obsolete property; or
(d) postpone any right of the State to be paid a debt in priority to another debt; or
(e) allow the payment by instalments of an amount payable to the State; or
(f) defer the time for payment of an amount payable to the State.
(2) A write-off relating to an amount payable to the State by a person may be expressed to be subject to a condition that the person agrees to pay an amount to the State in circumstances specified in the write-off.
(3) If any condition referred to in subsection (2) is breached, the amount of the write-off may be recovered as a debt due to the State in a court of competent jurisdiction.
(4) A write-off relating to an amount payable to the State must be reported by the relevant Agency in the notes to the financial statements of that Agency that relate to the year in which the right to payment was waived.
57
Prosecution for offences
57 Prosecution for offences
A prosecution for an offence against this Act –
(a) is to be taken by way of summary proceedings under the Justices Act 1959 within –
(i) 12 months after the offence is committed; or
(ii) 6 months after the commission of the offence comes to the knowledge of the complainant –
whichever period expires later; and
(b) may be instituted by a person authorised in writing in that behalf by the Treasurer or the Auditor-General.
58
Copies of orders to be forwarded to Auditor-General
58 Copies of orders to be forwarded to Auditor-General
(1) The Treasurer, within 15 days after he or she makes an order under this Act, is to cause a copy of the order to be forwarded to the Auditor-General.
(2) An order made by the Treasurer under this Act is not a statutory rule within the meaning of the Rules Publication Act 1953 .
59
Regulations
59 Regulations
(1) The Governor may make regulations for the purposes of this Act.
(2) The regulations may be made so as to apply differently according to matters, limitations or restrictions, whether as to time, circumstance or otherwise, specified in the regulations.
(3) The regulations may authorise any matter to be from time to time determined, applied or regulated by any person or body specified in the regulations.
(4) The regulations may –
(a) provide for savings or transitional matters necessary or expedient for bringing this Act into operation; and
(b) provide for any of those savings or transitional matters to take effect when this Act commences or on a later day specified in the regulations, whether the day so specified is before, on or after the day on which the regulations are made.
1. References to Consolidated Fund, Consolidated Revenue, Consolidated Revenue Fund, Loan Fund and Special Deposits and Trust Fund
(1) In this clause –
relevant document means any enactment, agreement, certificate, notice, or other document, that existed or was in force immediately before the commencement of this Act.
(2) A reference, in a relevant document, to the Consolidated Fund, Consolidated Revenue, the Consolidated Revenue Fund, the Loan Fund, or the Special Deposits and Trust Fund established under the Public Account Act 1986 , is to be read after the commencement of this Act as a reference to the Public Account and the relevant document is to be construed and have effect accordingly.
(c) is in effect before the commencement of this Act –
continues to apply under this Act for a period of 2 years from the commencement of this Act or a shorter or longer period that the Treasurer determines.
(2) Subclause (1) does not apply if this Act provides that –
(a) the matter or thing is to be made, entered into, authorised or determined exclusively by the Treasurer; or
(b) the Treasurer is not authorised to make, enter into, authorise or determine that matter or thing.
3. Certain accounts that are continued may be established under section 17 or 18
(1) This clause applies to an account that –
(a) was established, by or under an enactment as in force immediately before the commencement of this Act, in the Special Deposits and Trust Fund; and
(b) is continued, under an amendment to the enactment, as an account under this Act; and
(c) is not specified under that amendment to be an account continued as, or under, an Agency Trust Account established under this Act.
(2) If this clause applies to an account, the Treasurer may, by instrument in writing, determine that the account is to be an account, specified in the determination, established under section 17 or 18 .
| Proclamation under the Financial Management and Audit Act 1990 (No. 204 of 1990) |
| Financial Management and Audit Order 2014 (No. 89 of 2014) |
Source text: opening excerpt
Sourced from Tasmanian Legislation Online (legislation.tas.gov.au), CC BY 4.0.
Part 1 Preliminary
Part 1 Preliminary
1 Short title
1 Short title
This Act may be cited as the Financial Management Act 2016 .
2 Commencement
2 Commencement
This Act commences on a day to be proclaimed.
3 Interpretation
3 Interpretation
In this Act, unless the contrary intention appears –
abolition of an Agency means –
(a) the abolition of the Agency; or
(b) the amalgamation of the Agency with one or more Agencies; or
(c) the division of the Agency into 2 or more Agencies;
accountable authority means a person from time to time holding or acting in –
(a) a position specified in Column 2 of Part 1 or 2 of Schedule 1 , opposite an Agency specified in Column 1 of that Part of the Schedule; or
(b) the position of a person specified in an order under section 6(3) to be the accountable authority in relation to an entity;
accounts means –
(a) records, however compiled, recorded or stored, of transactions in respect of money, or other property, expressed in monetary units or, in the case of property, expressed in monetary units or other units of measurement; and
(b) any books, documents, writing, monetary forms, abstracts, vouchers and other records of any kind from which records mentioned in paragraph (a) have been compiled;
Agency means a Government department, State authority, body, organisation, or office, that is specified in Column 1 of Part 1 or 2 of ;
Authorises a range of Treasurer discretions and processes for contingencies and adjustments: transfer of appropriations between items (s 20), Treasurer’s Reserve for unforeseen needs with a 2.5 per cent cap (s 21), rollovers of up to 5 per cent of an Agency’s appropriation (s 23), and variation of appropriations to reflect Commonwealth grants (s 22).
Provides mechanisms for temporary borrowing, emergency expenditure and related oversight: temporary advances pending receipts (s 29), and emergency expenditure only with the Governor’s written authority after an Auditor-General report is requested and provided (s 30(1)-(4)). The Treasurer is empowered to invest Public Account balances and to borrow for State purposes (ss 31, 52).
Imposes duties on accountable authorities and officers to maintain accounting systems, prepare and submit financial statements in a form directed by the Treasurer, ensure lawful expenditure and stewardship of assets, review fees, and follow Treasurer’s Instructions (ss 16, 34, 42, 51).
The Act also creates administrative controls over its own application. It applies to Agencies listed in Schedule 1, but the Treasurer may order that the Act, or specified provisions, apply or not apply to other entities and may suspend/enforce enabling Act provisions where the Treasurer determines to do so (s 6). Treasurer's Instructions are binding on officers (s 51(4)) but are not statutory rules (s 51(5)). Several provisions create reporting and assistance rights where Agencies are abolished (ss 46-49). The Act contains savings and transitional provisions to bridge former Public Account and Financial Management regimes (Schedule 2).
The Act therefore changes the mechanics of State finance by centralising key fiscal controls in the Treasurer, specifying account types and treatment of receipts and trust monies, setting reporting timetables and audit linkages, and imposing clear duties on accountable authorities and officers about how to collect, bank, account for and report public funds (ss 9-18, 25, 34, 35-44).
Main concepts
The Act operates around a core set of concepts that structure public financial management. They are stated in the definitions and used as the operational touchpoints throughout the Act.
Public Account: Defined to comprise receipts and expenditure of the General Government Sector that are not part of a Specific Purpose Account or an Agency Trust Account, and to include Specific Purpose Accounts established under the Act (s 9). The Public Account therefore functions as the consolidated repository for general receipts and certain designated funds.
Specific Purpose Account: An account the Treasurer may establish for money kept in the Public Account, for specified purposes including future obligations; such accounts remain money of the Public Account (s 17(1)-(2)). The Treasurer may specify purposes, designate an administering Agency, close accounts and reallocate balances (ss 17(1), 17(3)-(6)). Estimates for Specific Purpose Accounts must be included and reported in Budget Papers (s 17(10)).
Agency Trust Account: A Treasurer-established account for money received by the State or an Agency to be held in trust, where withdrawals are only for the trust purposes or other legal authorisations (ss 18(1), (3)). Agencies must keep accounts as specified in Treasurer's Instructions and the Treasurer may invest Agency Trust Account balances in approved securities (ss 18(4), (6)).
Accountable authority: Defined as the person holding a position specified opposite an Agency in Schedule 1 or as determined under order (s 3). Accountable authorities carry operational responsibility for an Agency’s financial management and are explicitly responsible to the appropriate Minister for Agencies in Part 1 of Schedule 1 (ss 3, 32, 34).
Treasurer: The statutory centre of financial control. The Treasurer must keep accounts of all Public Account transactions and issues expenditure control authorities, determines Specific Purpose Accounts and Agency Trust Accounts, may approve bank accounts and overdrafts, may borrow and invest, and issues Treasurer's Instructions that set procedures for Agencies (ss 10, 13-14, 17, 21, 28, 31, 50-53, 51).
Treasurer’s expenditure control authority: A formal authority issued by the Treasurer to an appropriate Minister to permit issue and application of money from the Public Account in accordance with an Appropriation Act; the authority may be standing or limited/specified (s 28).
Treasurer’s Instructions: Non-statutory but binding instructions on principles, practices and procedures for financial management issued by the Treasurer (s 51(1), (4)-(5)). They may apply generally, to specified Agencies and may confer discretionary authorities to persons or bodies (s 51(3)).
Appropriation Act and Budget Papers: Appropriation Acts authorise the issue and application of Public Account money for listed purposes (s 3). Budget Papers and accompanying statements are required for Appropriation Bills and must set out estimated receipts, expenditure and major financial statements (s 19).
Auditor-General and Audit interface: Frequent cross-references to the Audit Act 2008 tie statutory audit processes to reporting obligations under this Act. The Auditor-General also acts as an input to emergency authorisation procedures (s 30(2)) and is the addressee for copies of Treasurer orders (s 58(1)).
Accounts and accounting basis: The Act requires accounts of all transactions affecting the Public Account to be kept, and the accounting system is to be based on Australian Accounting Standards or Government Finance Statistics (s 10). Agencies must establish and maintain accounts and financial information systems in accordance with this Act and Treasurer's Instructions (s 16).
These concepts are interlocking. The Treasurer’s central powers over accounts, investments, borrowing, account classification and instructions intersect with accountable authorities’ obligations to operate accounting systems, bank receipts, prepare audited statements and manage Agency monies lawfully (ss 10, 13-18, 31, 34, 42, 51). The Act therefore defines both the institutional architecture and the technical accountancy rules that govern how public money is captured, held, invested and reported.
Who it affects
The Act reaches several distinct groups and institutions. The legal text identifies them and, where relevant, the mechanisms by which they are brought within the Act’s scope.
Agencies and accountable authorities
Primary coverage is the Agencies listed in Schedule 1 Part 1 and Part 2. Part 1 identifies Government Departments and listed bodies, and Part 2 lists Legislative Agencies (Schedule 1). The accountable authority for each Agency is specified in Column 2 against each Agency in Schedule 1 (s 3 definition; Schedule 1).
Accountable authorities are persons specified in Schedule 1 or as determined under Treasurer order (s 3; s 6(3)). Accountable authorities must manage their Agency’s finances lawfully and in accordance with the Act (s 34).
Treasurer and executive officers
The Treasurer is the central decision maker for account structure, borrowing and investment powers, issue and application of funds, and for issuing Treasurer's Instructions and expenditure control authorities (multiple provisions: ss 10, 13, 17, 21, 28, 31, 50-53).
The Secretary of the department administering the Act (the Department of Treasury and Finance until otherwise ordered under Administrative Arrangements) is responsible for tasks including reviewing preliminary outcomes and informing the Treasurer (ss 60, 39).
Ministers and the Governor
The appropriate Minister (defined in s 4) receives responsibility where an Agency is part of a Minister’s portfolio and is the recipient of financial statements for tabling (s 4; s 44). The Governor has roles for emergency authorisations and may amend Schedule 1 Part 1 by order (ss 8, 30(1)).
Officers and staff
Officers (a broad definition in s 3) and other employees of Agencies bear day-to-day obligations: do not draw money except under lawful authority (s 11(2)); ensure daily banking of receipts (s 15); comply with Treasurer’s Instructions (s 51(4)); maintain accounts (s 16).
Auditor-General and audit entities
The Auditor-General audits Agency financial statements under the Audit Act 2008, is to be sent copies of certain orders and must provide reports in specific circumstances, including on emergency expenditure where requested by the Treasurer (ss 35(1), 40(2)(f), 30(2), 58(1)). The Act’s reporting timetables are tied to the Auditor-General’s reports (s 35).
Other entities and the public
Money received by the State or Agencies on behalf of others is covered: “other money” is captured and treated as public money unless held in trust (s 12). The Act also allows the Treasurer, by order, to extend application of specified provisions to other entities not listed in Schedule 1 and to determine who is the accountable authority for them (s 6(3)(a)-(b)), bringing statutory authorities and, where ordered, other entities into the Act’s ambit.
Entities such as Government Business Enterprises or State-owned Companies are defined as “entities” but are excluded from the definition of an Agency for the purposes of Schedule 1 coverage (s 3).
Legal and administrative actors
Clerks of Parliament are addressed where tabling procedures are impacted by House sittings (ss 41(2), 44(2)).
Reporting officers appointed on Agency abolition have rights to documents and must submit final reports to Ministers and the Auditor-General (ss 46-49).
Sanctions and regulators
Accountable authorities face specific penalties for failure to seek Treasurer approval for indemnities or for failure to notify significant events (s 54). Reporting officers’ rights are backed by a penalty for non-compliance with production requests (s 48(3)).
In short, the Act affects Treasury and its delegated officers, Ministers, Agency accountable authorities and officers, the Auditor-General, the Governor and parliamentary clerks, and, indirectly, any person whose money comes into Agency hands. The Treasurer’s power to apply the Act to unlisted entities under order (s 6(3)) extends the Act’s reach where the Treasurer deems it appropriate.
Key duties and rights
The Act sets out explicit duties and rights for the Treasurer, accountable authorities, officers and other actors. The text combines prescriptive duties with discretionary powers.
Duties placed on accountable authorities and officers
Accountable authorities must manage Agency finances efficiently, effectively and economically, ensuring lawful expenditure, stewardship of assets, proper collection and custody of public property and compliance with this Act and other law (s 34(a)-(h)). They must establish and maintain accounts and accounting systems for all money paid into or out of the Public Account or Agency Trust Account in respect of that Agency, in accordance with this Act and Treasurer's Instructions (s 16).
Officers must not draw money from the Public Account except under authority of this Act or some other Act (s 11(2)). Officers collecting or controlling "other money" must treat it as public money and pay it into the Public Account or account for it as the Treasurer directs, unless it must be held in trust (s 12).
Accountable authorities must prepare financial statements annually, certify them in the manner specified in Treasurer's Instructions and submit them to the appropriate Minister together with the Auditor-General's report by the Minister-determined date for tabling (s 42(1)-(3)). They must conduct fee reviews at times determined by the Treasurer (s 34(g)).
Treasurer's duties and powers
The Treasurer must keep accounts of all transactions affecting the Public Account and base the accounting system on Australian Accounting Standards or Government Finance Statistics (s 10). The Treasurer must properly record all expenditure from the Public Account (s 11(1)).
The Treasurer may approve Agencies opening and maintaining authorised deposit-taking institution accounts and may set terms and conditions for them (s 13). The Treasurer may approve overdrafts (s 14) and direct that receipts be credited to the Public Account (s 11(5)).
The Treasurer may establish Specific Purpose Accounts, specify purposes and the administering Agency, direct closures and transfer balances (s 17). The Treasurer may establish Agency Trust Accounts and direct their investment and transfer of erroneously credited money (s 18).
The Treasurer issues a Treasurer's expenditure control authority to appropriate Ministers for issuing and applying money under an Appropriation Act (s 28). The Treasurer may use the Treasurer's Reserve for unforeseen needs subject to a 2.5 per cent cap (s 21(1)-(2)).
The Treasurer may borrow money for State purposes and (unless the Treasurer directs otherwise) holds investment and borrowing powers exclusively (ss 52-53).
The Treasurer must issue Treasurer’s Instructions on financial management principles, practices and procedures; those Instructions are binding on accountable authorities and officers but are not statutory rules (s 51(1)-(5)).
Rights and constraints
Accountable authorities have the right to delegate functions (s 33), subject to preserving the power to delegate. Delegations can be made and revoked (s 50 sets similar delegation powers for the Treasurer and the Secretary).
Reporting officers appointed on abolition have rights to reasonable assistance, facilities and full access to accounts and information, and may copy or extract records; persons in possession of such material must produce it on request or face a penalty (ss 48(1)-(3)).
The Treasurer, when seeking emergency expenditure authorisation from the Governor, must request an Auditor-General report and provide it to the Governor; emergency authority requires the Governor’s written approval (s 30(1)-(5)).
The Act limits certain monetary flexibilities by specifying caps and conditions: Treasurer Reserve capped at 2.5 per cent of total appropriation for the year (s 21(2)); rollovers by the Treasurer limited to 5 per cent of an Agency’s appropriation (s 23(1)); temporary pre-appropriation expenditure limited to the first two months before an Appropriation Act is passed and to 20 per cent limits reflecting prior year rates (s 27).
Reporting and auditing duties
The Treasurer is required to publish a sequence of intra-year and annual reports with precise timing and content requirements, often tied to Auditor-General processes (ss 35-41). Accountable authorities must prepare audited financial statements and have them submitted for tabling (ss 42, 44).
Compliance duties and penalties
Specific duties that carry prescribed penalties include the requirement for an accountable authority to seek Treasurer approval before entering indemnities or guarantees that could impose significant financial burdens and to advise the Treasurer of events that may significantly affect Agency or State finances; each is subject to a fine not exceeding 50 penalty units (s 54(1)-(2)). Failure to produce documents to a reporting officer carries the same penalty (s 48(3)).
In sum, the Act combines duties to account, report and safeguard public money with Treasurer-centred rights to control account structures, investment and appropriations, subject to specified procedural and quantitative constraints. The relationship is one of central fiscal authority balanced by audit and reporting obligations.
Penalties and enforcement
The Act uses a mixture of administrative controls, audit linkage and civil summary prosecution to enforce compliance. The statutory penalties set out are modest and targeted, while enforcement relies substantially on audit, tabling and administrative supervision.
Specified monetary penalties
Two explicit fine provisions are set out. An accountable authority who enters into an indemnity or guarantee that the accountable authority reasonably believes may impose a significant financial burden on the Agency or the State must seek the Treasurer's approval. Breach attracts a fine not exceeding 50 penalty units (s 54(1)). Similarly, an accountable authority must advise the Treasurer if an event occurs that may significantly affect the Agency’s or State’s financial position; failing to do so is punishable by a fine not exceeding 50 penalty units (s 54(2)).
A person in possession of accounts or records who refuses to produce them to a reporting officer on request is liable to a fine not exceeding 50 penalty units (s 48(3)).
Prosecution mechanism and limitation periods
Prosecutions for offences against this Act are to be taken by way of summary proceedings under the Justices Act 1959. The time limits are specified: proceedings must commence within 12 months after the offence, or within six months after the complainant becomes aware of the offence, whichever period expires later (s 57(a)(i)-(ii)). Prosecutions may be instituted by a person authorised in writing by the Treasurer or the Auditor-General (s 57(b)).
The Act therefore centralises initiation of prosecutions through Treasurer/Auditor-General authorisation and sets procedural time bars.
Audit and reporting enforcement
Much of practical enforcement is through audit requirements and publication timetables. The Act ties the Treasurer’s quarterly reports and the annual financial report to the Auditor-General’s reports under the Audit Act 2008 (s 35(1), s 40(2)(f), s 24(1)(b)-(c)). The Auditor-General’s audit function and reports are therefore primary tools for identifying non-compliance and informing remedial action.
Accountable authorities must submit audited statements to Ministers and have them tabled in Parliament (s 42(3), s 44). The public nature of those tablings creates reputational and parliamentary accountability pressures.
Administrative controls
The Treasurer may suspend provisions of enabling Acts where the Treasurer determines an entity will be subject to this Act (s 6(6)-(7)), and may direct transfers between appropriation items (s 20), close Specific Purpose Accounts, and direct the use or transfer of balances (s 17). These powers allow the Treasurer to manage financial exposures administratively.
Emergency expenditure requires the Governor’s written authority and an Auditor-General opinion that the expenditure would be proper given the emergency circumstances; this injects a process control before emergency funds are used (s 30(1)-(5)).
Limits to enforcement scope
The Act uses monetary fines for certain procedural breaches rather than broader criminal sanctions. It provides detailed reporting and audit obligations rather than wide criminal penalties for financial mismanagement. Where wrongdoing is suspected beyond the Act’s specific offences, enforcement would proceed under other laws; the Act does not specify wider criminal offences or confiscation powers in its text.
Treasurer’s Instructions are binding on officers (s 51(4)), but they are expressly not statutory rules (s 51(5)). This creates an enforcement path based on internal direction and administrative sanction rather than legislative rulemaking.
Overall, the Act couples administrative and audit mechanisms with targeted monetary penalties and summary prosecution as its enforcement architecture. Key enforcement levers are the Auditor-General’s audit function, the requirement to table audited financial statements, and the Treasurer’s supervisory powers.
How it interacts with other laws
The Act is cross-referential and layered within Tasmania’s existing statutory framework. It explicitly preserves, augments or suspends elements of other regimes and ties reporting and audit to external Acts.
Audit Act 2008
Multiple provisions cross-reference the Audit Act 2008. The Treasurer’s September quarterly report timing is tied to the Auditor-General’s report under s 16(2) of the Audit Act 2008 (s 35(1)). The Treasurer’s annual financial report must include the Auditor-General’s report on the statements as provided by the Audit Act (s 40(2)(f)). Reporting by Agencies is to be accompanied by the Auditor-General's report prepared in accordance with section 19 of the Audit Act (s 42(3)). The Act therefore integrates its reporting cycle with statutory audit processes.
Charter of Budget Responsibility Act 2007
The Act imports the “principles of sound fiscal management” from the Charter of Budget Responsibility Act 2007 and requires accountable authorities and the Government to have regard to these principles in financial management of Agencies and the State (s 5). The Charter therefore provides normative fiscal standards for decision making under this Act.
Appropriation Acts and Budget Papers
The Act works alongside Appropriation Acts by requiring supporting statements for Bills for Appropriation Acts in Budget Papers (s 19), and by providing mechanisms for transfers between appropriation items (s 20), rollovers (s 23) and variation where Commonwealth grant funding differs from Budget Paper estimates (s 22). The Treasurer’s Reserve and other sections presuppose Appropriation Act structures (s 21).
Acts that require specific authority
The Act expressly states it does not authorise commencement of public works contrary to the Public Works Committee Act 1914 or other enactments requiring specific parliamentary authority (s 7(2)(a)-(b)). This preserves separate parliamentary approval processes.
Administrative Arrangements and State Service Act
Until the Administrative Arrangements Act 1990 is used to reassign administrative responsibility, administration is assigned to the Treasurer and the Department of Treasury and Finance (s 60). Section 44(5) requires the Treasurer to consult with the Minister administering the State Service Act 2000 before fixing alternative tabling dates for Agencies required to prepare annual reports under that Act.
Application to entities with existing enabling Acts
The Treasurer may, by order, make the Act or specified provisions inapplicable to an Agency (s 6(2)), or may make the Act apply to an entity not listed in Schedule 1 and determine who is accountable (s 6(3)). If an enabling Act of an entity contains provisions on financial management, those provisions are suspended while the entity is subject to this Act unless the Treasurer determines otherwise, or the Treasurer may suspend some provisions (s 6(6)). Similarly, enabling Acts of Agencies listed in Schedule 1 that contain financial management provisions are suspended unless the Treasurer determines otherwise (s 6(7)). This establishes the Treasurer’s power to harmonise or supplant existing regimes.
Repeals and transitional provisions
The Act repeals prior Public Account and Financial Management legislation listed in Schedule 3, and rescinds certain regulations listed in Schedule 4 and revokes instruments in Schedule 5 (s 62-64 and Schedules 3-5). Schedule 2 contains savings and transitional provisions which direct reading of references to former funds and continuity of certain instruments in force for specified periods (Schedule 2 clauses 1-3).
Treasurer’s Instructions and subordinate law
Treasurer’s Instructions are not statutory rules within the Rules Publication Act 1953 and therefore are issued as non-statutory instruments, though they are binding on accountable authorities and officers (s 51(4)-(5)). Similarly, orders under the Act are not statutory rules (s 58(2)). Regulations may, however, be made by the Governor under s 59 and can authorise matters to be determined by persons or bodies designated in the regulations (s 59(3)).
Audit and emergency authorisation interplay
Emergency expenditure is only authorised with the Governor’s written authority, and the Treasurer must seek an Auditor-General report before seeking the Governor’s authority; the Auditor-General may seek explanations and provide observations in that report (s 30(1)-(4)). This imposes an audit involvement in emergency financial authorisation.
In short, the Act interacts with and, in some places, supersedes other laws. It ties reporting and audit to the Audit Act 2008, imports fiscal principles from the Charter of Budget Responsibility, preserves parliamentary approvals required by other statutes, and gives the Treasurer the power to determine the relation between the Act and other enabling Acts by order, including suspension of their financial management provisions.
Amendment history
The Act’s own text records a limited set of amendment and transitional information embedded primarily in Schedule 1 and Schedule 2 notes. The materials in the provided text show the following recorded changes and related repeals.
Schedule 1 Part 1 carries editorial annotations indicating that Part 1 has been amended and substituted on several occasions. The schedule contains notation that Part 1 of Schedule 1 was amended by No. 37 of 2018, Schedule 5, applied 01 Jul 2019; substituted by S.R. 2019 No. 41, applied 01 Jul 2019; amended by S.R. 2019 No. 85, applied 25 Dec 2019; amended by S.R. 2021 No. 95, applied 01 Dec 2021; amended by No. 32 of 2021, Schedule 4, applied 01 Jul 2022; amended by S.R. 2022 No. 73, applied 01 Oct 2022; and amended by S.R. 2022 No. 102, applied 01 Dec 2022. These footnotes reflect adjustments to the list of Agencies and Corporate titles in Schedule 1 Part 1 (Schedule 1 headings and the table).
Schedule 2 contains savings and transitional provisions explicitly addressing how references to prior funds and instruments are to be read after commencement. Clause 1 directs that references in existing documents to the Consolidated Fund, Consolidated Revenue, Loan Fund and Special Deposits and Trust Fund of the Public Account Act 1986 are to be read as references to the Public Account under this Act.
Schedule 2 clause 2 preserves certain matters made under the Financial Management and Audit Act 1990 and the Public Account Act 1986 in force for a period of two years from commencement, unless the Treasurer determines otherwise, ensuring operational continuity where appropriate.
Schedule 2 clause 3 provides that certain accounts continued from the prior Special Deposits and Trust Fund regime may be determined by the Treasurer to be Specific Purpose Accounts or Agency Trust Accounts under ss 17 or 18.
Schedule 3 lists the repeals effected by the Act, specifically repealing the Public Account Act 1986, the Financial Management and Audit Act 1990 and related amendment Acts (Schedule 3).
Schedule 4 and Schedule 5 list regulations and proclamations rescinded and revoked on commencement (Schedules 4 and 5).
Other amendment and commencement mechanics
Section 2 states the Act commences on a day to be proclaimed, so the timing of commencement depended on proclamation. Section 8 provides the Governor may amend Schedule 1 Part 1 by order, including omitting or inserting Agency names or substituting a new Part 1, enabling future amendment of who is an Agency and who the accountable authority is without primary-amendment.
Section 6 empowers the Treasurer to make orders determining the Act’s application to Agencies or to entities not listed in Schedule 1, and to suspend provisions of enabling Acts, creating an administrative route for phased or targeted application.
The Act’s provided text therefore documents its own replacement of earlier statutes (Schedule 3) and contains mechanisms and recorded instrument amendments primarily relating to Schedule 1. The recorded amendment footnotes in Schedule 1 indicate a sequence of changes from 2018 through 2022 affecting the list of Agencies and accountable authority entries. No other textual amendments to substantive provisions appear in the provided text.
Litigation history
The Act text provided does not cite or summarise any judicial decisions or litigation history that interprets or applies this Act. There are no case names, reported judgments or references to judicial interpretation within the supplied material.
The Act instead establishes a statutory enforcement and accountability framework that anticipates disputes and compliance matters to be handled through administrative, audit and parliamentary processes, and where appropriate by summary prosecution. The prosecution pathway for offences under this Act is specified as summary proceedings under the Justices Act 1959, with time limits and a requirement that prosecutions be instituted by persons authorised in writing by the Treasurer or the Auditor-General (s 57). This creates a procedural infrastructure for enforcement that would generate litigation in magistrates’ courts if offences are pursued, but the Act itself does not record any cases.
For practitioners assessing litigation risk or precedent, the text identifies the likely pathways for contesting Treasurer decisions or compliance claims: review of administrative decisions (including orders made under s 6 and determinations under s 17), statutory obligations to comply with Treasurer’s Instructions (s 51), and audit issues arising under the Audit Act 2008 as they intersect with reporting obligations under ss 35-42. Any judicial review or statutory interpretation proceedings would therefore arise after application and enforcement actions under the Act, but none are documented in the provided statutory material.
Where the Act gives entities or persons rights to access or produce documents , for example, reporting officers’ entitlement to assistance and access to accounts (s 48) , enforcement relies on administrative penalties and summary prosecution specified in the Act rather than a catalogue of judicial remedies. Absent case law in the source, readers should plan for administrative and audit-based resolution procedures rather than rely on established judicial interpretations.
Gotchas
The Act contains several features where textual detail causes notable operational implications. These are the concrete friction points, discretion concentrations and compliance traps that arise from the text.
Centralisation of discretion in the Treasurer
The Treasurer holds extensive discretion over accounts, investments, borrowings, application of the Act to additional entities, suspension of enabling Act financial provisions and the content and application of Treasurer’s Instructions (ss 6(2)-(3), 17(1), 31, 52-53, 51(1)-(4), 6(6)-(7)). This means many operational rules that affect Agencies will be set administratively rather than legislatively; Agencies must monitor Treasurer orders and instructions closely.
Treasurer's Instructions are binding but not statutory rules
Treasurer's Instructions are binding on accountable authorities and officers (s 51(4)) but are explicitly not statutory rules under the Rules Publication Act (s 51(5)). That has two consequences. First, the content and amendment of those Instructions is governed administratively and may not attract the same procedural safeguards or parliamentary scrutiny as subordinate legislation. Second, compliance obligations derive force from ministerial instruction rather than statute, which affects legal challenges and internal administrative review pathways.
Application and suspension of existing enabling Acts
The Treasurer may determine that this Act applies to entities not listed in Schedule 1 and may suspend financial management provisions of enabling Acts while an entity is subject to this Act (s 6(3), (6)). Agencies and entities whose enabling Acts differ must watch for orders that alter which regime applies, and for any suspension of protective or prescriptive provisions contained in their establishing legislation.
Receipt treatment and potential reclassification
s 11(5) requires that, except as the Treasurer otherwise provides, all receipts of the State are credited to the Public Account. That default can be overridden by the Treasurer. Similarly, s 17(2) deems money standing to the credit of a Specific Purpose Account to be money standing to the credit of the Public Account. Practically, this can affect how funding appears in consolidated reporting and how Agencies manage earmarked funds.
Daily banking and cash-handling expectations
Accountable authorities must ensure all public money is paid each day, or at intervals approved by the Treasurer, into an authorised deposit-taking institution account (s 15). Agencies need banking and cash operation processes aligned to Treasury approvals. Failure to bank timely could create audit findings and breach s 15.
Limits and caps with administrative tests
Several caps are imposed with some administrative discretion. The Treasurer’s Reserve is limited to 2.5 per cent of total appropriation (s 21(2)). Rollovers are limited to 5 per cent of an Agency’s appropriation (s 23(1)). Temporary pre-Appropriation issuance is limited by time and percentage rules associated with prior years or estimates (s 27). Agencies must structure forecasts and expenditure plans to stay within these formulas, but the Treasurer exercises judgment about application.
Emergency expenditure procedural constraint
Emergency expenditure in excess of appropriated items or for unprovided purposes requires written Governor authority, but the Treasurer must request an Auditor-General report before seeking the Governor’s authority and provide that report to the Governor (s 30(1)-(3)). In an urgent emergency, the time to secure an Auditor-General report could be a practical constraint, and the Auditor-General may seek explanations before reporting (s 30(4)). Agencies planning emergency response funding should understand these process requirements.
Trust money segregation and transfer powers
Agency Trust Accounts must be used only for the trust purposes and kept with accounts as specified in Treasurer’s Instructions (s 18(2)-(4)). If money has been credited to an Agency Trust Account without Treasurer approval, the Treasurer may direct its transfer to the Public Account (s 18(5)). Misclassification of trust monies can therefore trigger Treasury reallocation.
Indemnities and notification obligations attract fines
Accountable authorities must obtain Treasurer approval before entering indemnities or guarantees that could impose significant financial burdens and must advise the Treasurer of events that may significantly affect Agency or State finances; both duties attract fines up to 50 penalty units for breaches (s 54). Agencies must have internal approval gates to capture these contingencies.
Treasurer’s power to treat accounts differently over time
The Treasurer may close Specific Purpose Accounts, transfer balances and approve variation in estimated receipts and expenditure after an Appropriation Act (s 17(3)-(6), 17(11)). Agencies should maintain accounting systems that track balances at the sub-account level so they can implement Treasurer directions swiftly.
Non-application to certain Agencies of Treasurer's Instructions
Treasurer’s Instructions do not apply to Agencies or accountable authorities specified in Part 2 of Schedule 1 (the Legislative Agencies) and potentially other entities excluded by order (s 51(6), s 6(2)). Legislative Agencies therefore operate under different procedural obligations.
Prosecution time frames focused on summary proceedings
Prosecutions must be taken by summary proceedings and are subject to specific time bars (s 57). The Act centralises prosecution initiation through written authorisation by the Treasurer or Auditor-General, which can affect timeliness and the choice to prosecute versus administrative remedies.
Record access and penalties for non-production
Reporting officers in abolition contexts have wide rights to accounts and records and may require production; non-production attracts a fine up to 50 penalty units (ss 48-49). On Agency abolition or amalgamation, continuation of records and co-operation obligations are therefore critical.
These concrete points create operational and compliance risks that Agencies must manage administratively and via internal controls, and they highlight where Treasurer discretion can materially affect Agency operations and reporting.
How to comply
The Act prescribes concrete compliance steps for the Treasurer, accountable authorities, officers and reporting officers. A pragmatic compliance checklist derived from the statutory text follows.
Governance and delegation
Confirm whether the Agency appears in Schedule 1 and who the accountable authority is (s 3; Schedule 1). If the Treasurer has made an order altering application of the Act or naming an accountable authority, ensure you have the instrument on file (s 6(2)-(3)).
Establish and document delegations consistent with the Act. Accountable authorities may delegate functions except the delegation power itself (s 33). The Treasurer may delegate to Ministers or the Secretary, and those delegations can be further delegated by the Secretary (s 50(1), (3)). Keep written instruments of delegation and their revocations on file (s 50(2), (4)).
Accounts, banking and cash management
Ensure Agency accounts and financial information systems are established and maintained as required by this Act and the Treasurer’s Instructions (s 16). Record all transactions affecting the Public Account in accordance with Australian Accounting Standards or Government Finance Statistics (s 10).
Bank all public money into authorised deposit-taking institution accounts daily or at Treasurer-approved intervals and seek pre-approval from the Treasurer before opening such accounts (s 13, s 15). Do not overdraft accounts except with Treasurer approval (s 14).
Maintain segregation for trust monies and ensure Agency Trust Accounts are used only for their trust purposes. Follow Treasurer’s Instructions regarding the accounts to be kept for each Agency Trust Account (s 18(2)-(4)).
Expenditure and appropriation compliance
Do not draw money from the Public Account except under a Treasurer’s expenditure control authority, estimated expenditure approved by the Treasurer (s 25) or other written law. Obtain and file the relevant Treasurer’s expenditure control authority if funds are to be issued and applied (s 28).
Track and seek approval for rollovers, transfers and Treasurer’s Reserve usage if applicable. For rollovers, ensure that any unexpended appropriation does not exceed 5 per cent of the Agency’s appropriation without Treasurer determination (s 23). For Treasurer’s Reserve, ensure aggregate use does not exceed 2.5 per cent of the total appropriation for the financial year (s 21(1)-(2)).
Reporting, audit and financial statements
Prepare annual financial statements in the form, manner and certification required in Treasurer’s Instructions so as to present fairly the Agency’s transactions and position (s 42(1)-(2)). Submit statements and the Auditor-General’s report to the appropriate Minister by the date determined by that Minister for tabling purposes (s 42(3), s 44).
Monitor Auditor-General timelines and ensure that the Agency is responsive to Audit Act 2008 audit processes. Coordinate with the Auditor-General where the Treasurer requests a report in relation to emergency expenditure (s 30(2)).
Ensure Agency participation in Treasurer-instituted quarterly, revised estimates and preliminary outcomes processes by supporting data and reconciliations that map to Budget Paper categories and the major General Government Sector statements (ss 19, 35-39).
Treasurer’s Instructions and internal controls
Read and operationalise the Treasurer’s Instructions applicable to the Agency, noting they are binding despite not being statutory rules (s 51(1), (4)-(5)). Ensure internal policies and financial delegations reflect Treasurer’s Instructions and maintain version control for instruction updates.
Conduct periodic reviews of fees and charges as required by s 34(g) at times determined by the Treasurer.
Indemnities, guarantees and reporting obligations
Before entering any indemnity or guarantee that could impose significant financial burden, seek and obtain the Treasurer’s approval and document that approval (s 54(1)). Put internal triggers in place to capture events that may significantly affect the Agency’s financial position and advise the Treasurer promptly as required by s 54(2).
Maintain records and procedures to respond to reporting officer requests, particularly in the context of abolition. Provide timely access and production of documents to avoid penalties under s 48(3).
Agency abolition planning
If abolition is possible, plan for appointment of a reporting officer by the Treasurer and be ready to support the reporting officer’s duty to prepare final reports and submit financial statements and information to the Auditor-General as required by ss 46-49.
Preserve records and ensure continuity of accounting data so that the reporting officer can prepare the final report and financial statements covering the relevant periods (ss 46(3), 47).
Emergency planning and authorisations
Understand the emergency expenditure process: if emergency expenditure outside appropriated items may be required, prepare to provide the Treasurer with the information necessary for the Treasurer to request an Auditor-General report. In emergency scenarios, be ready to support rapid auditor engagement and Governor authorisation (s 30(1)-(5)).
Maintain contingency plans consistent with Treasurer policies regarding the Treasurer’s Reserve and temporary borrowing regimes (ss 21, 29).
Investments and borrowing
If the Agency wishes to invest funds or borrow, consult the Treasurer. Unless the Treasurer determines otherwise, investment and borrowing powers are held exclusively by the Treasurer (s 53), and the Treasurer is authorised to borrow for State purposes (s 52). Document any Treasurer approvals that allow Agency-level activity under s 13(1) or s 26(1).
Regulatory and legal monitoring
Track orders made under s 6 and Governor orders under s 8 amending Schedule 1 and ensure any change in application of the Act, or in who is the accountable authority, is reflected in Agency governance documents.
Record and forward copies of any order made under the Act to the Auditor-General within 15 days as required (s 58(1)).
Training, documentation and audit readiness
Provide training for accounting, procurement and legal staff on the Act’s key obligations, Treasurer’s Instructions and the Act’s reporting calendar (ss 35-41, 42, 44).
Maintain audit-ready documentation linking daily receipts, bank reconciliations, reconciled ledger entries and evidence of Treasurer approvals or directives. Ensure timely responses to Auditor-General audit requests.
Finally, implement processes to review internal compliance with the Act periodically, document key decisions under Treasurer discretion, and maintain an internal register of Treasurer orders, Instructions and approvals. This register should include provenance, date and scope to support both internal controls and external audit scrutiny in accordance with the Act’s reporting and audit cross-references.
Agency Trust Account means an Agency Trust Account established under section 18 ;
appropriate Minister – see section 4 ;
Appropriation Act means an Act which authorises the issue and application of any money from the Public Account to meet –
(a) the cost of the ordinary annual services of the Government; or
(b) expenditure on public works or the acquisition of any property required for public purposes; or
(c) the making of a loan authorised by law;
Auditor-General means a person holding the office of Auditor-General by virtue of section 9 of theAudit Act 2008 ;
Australian Accounting Standards means the standards made, or formulated, from time to time by the Australian Accounting Standards Board;
Australian Accounting Standards Board means the body of that name continued in existence under the Australian Securities and Investments Commission Act 2001 of the Commonwealth;
Budget Papers means –
(a) the speech, introducing an Appropriation Bill for a financial year, given by the Minister who introduces the Bill into the House of Assembly; and
(b) the papers that are tabled in Parliament in connection with that Bill;
entity includes –
(a) a Government Business Enterprise; and
(b) a State-owned Company; and
(c) a State authority that is not a Government Business Enterprise; and
(d) the council or board (however designated) of, or for, a corporation, body of persons, or institution, that is or are appointed by the Governor or a Minister of the Crown –
but does not include an Agency specified in Part 1 or 2 of Schedule 1 ;
final report means a report prepared and submitted under section 46(3)(b) ;
financial year –
(a) means a period of 12 months ending on 30 June in any year; or
(b) if an Agency is required by any written law, or a direction given under section 43 , to maintain financial records for any other period of 12 months, means, in relation to that Agency, that other period;
General Government Sector means the Agencies referred to in Column 1 of Part 1 or 2 of Schedule 1 ;
generally accepted accounting principles means the standard framework for financial reporting that is established in accordance with –
(a) the Australian Accounting Standards; and
(b) other requirements issued by the Australian Accounting Standards Board;
Government Business Enterprise means a statutory authority specified in Schedule 1 to theGovernment Business Enterprises Act 1995 ;
Government Finance Statistics means the Government Finance Statistics as established by the Australian Bureau of Statistics;
officer means a person who is –
(a) a State Service officer or State Service employee; or
(b) employed –
(i) by or in an Agency; or
(ii) by the Governor-in-Council pursuant to the royal prerogative or pursuant to any written law; or
(iii) for the purposes of an Agency pursuant to any written law –
whether that person is employed under a contract of service or a contract for service and whether or not that person receives any remuneration for the employment;
other money means money collected, received or held by the State or an Agency for, or on behalf of, a person other than the State or an Agency;
other property means property that is held by the State or an Agency for, or on behalf of, a person other than the State or an Agency;
Public Account means the Public Account referred to in section 9 ;
public money means money collected, received or held by any person for, or on behalf of, the State or an Agency;
public property means all property, other than public money, held by a person for, or on behalf of, the State or an Agency;
regulations means regulations made and in force under this Act;
reporting officer means a person appointed by the Treasurer under section 46(1) ;
Secretary means the Secretary of the department responsible for the administration of this Act;
Specific Purpose Account means a Specific Purpose Account established under section 17(1) ;
State authority means any body or authority, whether incorporated or not, that is –
(a) established or constituted under a written law or under the royal prerogative; and
(b) a body, or authority, which, or of which the governing authority, wholly or partly comprises a person, or persons, appointed by the Governor, a Minister or another State authority;
State-owned Company means a company incorporated under the Corporations Act which is controlled by –
(a) the State; or
(b) a State authority; or
(c) another company which is itself controlled by the State or a State authority;
Treasurer's annual financial report means the annual financial report prepared by the Treasurer under section 40 ;
Treasurer's expenditure control authority means a Treasurer's expenditure control authority referred to in section 28 ;
Treasurer's Instructions means instructions issued by the Treasurer under section 51 ;
written law means –
(a) an Act passed by the Parliament of Tasmania and for the time being in force; and
(b) all subordinate legislation for the time being in force under any such Act; and
(c) any directions given under this Act; and
(d) any Treasurer's Instructions.
4 Appropriate Minister
4 Appropriate Minister
(1) Subject to this section, for the purposes of this Act, the appropriate Minister in relation to an Agency is the Minister for the time being responsible for the administration of that Agency.
(2) If more than one Minister has responsibility for the administration of an Agency, a reference in a provision of this Act to the appropriate Minister is to be taken, in so far as the provision applies to an activity, of that Agency, for which one of those Ministers has responsibility, to be a reference to that Minister.
(3) A reference in this Act to the appropriate Minister in relation to an Agency is to be taken to be, if the Agency is –
(a) the Legislative Council – a reference to the President of the Legislative Council; or
(b) the House of Assembly – a reference to the Speaker of the House of Assembly; or
(c) the Legislature-General – a reference to the President and the Speaker acting jointly; or
(d) the Office of the Governor – a reference to the Minister administering the Governor of Tasmania Act 1982 .
(4) If there is doubt as to who is the Minister who has responsibility for the administration of an activity, the Treasurer is to determine who is to be the appropriate Minister in relation to that activity.
5 Principles of sound financial management
5 Principles of sound financial management
(1) An accountable authority must, as far as is practicable, undertake the financial management of an Agency in a manner that is consistent with the principles of sound fiscal management.
(2) In respect of the financial management of the State, the Government is to have regard to the principles of sound fiscal management.
(3) The principles of sound fiscal management are the principles defined in the Charter of Budget Responsibility set out in the Charter of Budget Responsibility Act 2007 .
6 Application of Act
6 Application of Act
(1) The provisions of this Act apply to Agencies specified in Column 1 of Part 1 or 2 of Schedule 1 .
(2) The Treasurer may, by order, determine that this Act, or any specified provision of this Act, does not apply to an Agency, or to an organisation forming part of an Agency, specified in the order.
(3) The Treasurer may, by order –
(a) determine that this Act, or any specified provision of this Act, applies to an entity –
(i) that is not specified in Part 1 or 2 of Schedule 1 ; and
(ii) that is not a Government Business Enterprise or a State-owned Company; and
(b) determine who is to be the accountable authority for that entity.
(4) An order made under subsection (2) or (3) may be expressed to be in force for a period specified in the order, in which case the order is in force for the period so specified and then ceases to have effect.
(5) The provisions of sections 47(3) , (3A) , (4) , (5) , (6) and (7) of theActs Interpretation Act 1931 apply to an order made under subsection (2) or (3) in the same manner as they apply to regulations.
(6) If the enabling Act of an entity in respect of which an order has been made under subsection (3) contains provisions in respect of the financial management of the entity –
(a) those provisions are suspended during the period that the entity is subject to this Act, unless the Treasurer determines otherwise; or
(b) if the Treasurer determines that only some of those provisions are to be suspended, those provisions are suspended during the period that the entity is subject to this Act.
(7) If the enabling Act of an Agency specified in Schedule 1 contains provisions in respect of the financial management of the Agency –
(a) those provisions are suspended, unless the Treasurer determines otherwise; or
(b) if the Treasurer determines that only some of those provisions are to be suspended, those provisions are suspended.
(8) Nothing in this Act limits the application of Part IV of theConstitution Act 1934 or the powers of the House of Assembly and the Legislative Council that are described in that Part.
7 Application of Act to certain appropriations
7 Application of Act to certain appropriations
(1) The provisions of this Act are in addition to, and not in derogation from, the provisions of the Financial Agreement Act 1994 and this Act is to be construed accordingly.
(2) Nothing in this Act authorises –
(a) the commencement of a public work contrary to section 16 of thePublic Works Committee Act 1914 ; or
(b) the commencement or continuation of any other work or undertaking contrary to any enactment requiring the specific authority of Parliament for that work or undertaking.
8 Power of Governor to amend Part 1 of Schedule 1
8 Power of Governor to amend Part 1 of Schedule 1
(1) The Governor may, by order, amend Column 1 of Part 1 of Schedule 1 –
(a) by omitting the name of an Agency; or
(b) by inserting the name of another Agency, other than an Agency specified in Part 2 of that Schedule; or
(c) if the name of any Agency specified in Part 1 of Schedule 1 is changed, by omitting the name of that Agency and inserting its new name.
(2) The Governor may, by order, amend Column 2 of Part 1 of Schedule 1 by inserting, opposite the name of an Agency, the title or other description of an office or by omitting or amending that title or other description.
(3) The Governor may, by order, omit Part 1 of Schedule 1 and substitute a new Part 1.
Part 2 Accounts
Part 2 Accounts
9 Public Account
9 Public Account
For the purposes of this Act, the Public Account of the State comprises –
(a) receipts of, and expenditure from, the General Government Sector, that do not form part of a Specific Purpose Account or an Agency Trust Account; and
(b) any Specific Purpose Accounts established under section 17 .
10 System of public accounts
10 System of public accounts
(1) The Treasurer must keep accounts of all transactions affecting the Public Account.
(2) The system of accounting for all transactions affecting the Public Account is to be based on –
(a) generally accepted accounting principles; or
(b) Government Finance Statistics.
11 Public Account: expenditure and receipts
11 Public Account: expenditure and receipts
(1) The Treasurer must properly record all expenditure from the Public Account.
(2) An officer must not draw money from the Public Account except under the authority of this Act or some other Act.
This is an opening excerpt, not the complete document.