This Determination centres on a small set of interlocking regulatory concepts: category of service, licence allocation, transmitter specification, geographic licence area, and referenced external technical standards.

Category of service: The Schedule distinguishes categories: "Community" and "Open Narrowcasting" (SCHEDULE ONE). The Schedule explains that service licence numbers are allocated only for Commercial and Community services under the Broadcasting Services Act 1992; accordingly, the Community service has Service Licence No SL010155, and the two Open Narrowcasting services have "N/A" for service licence number (SCHEDULE preface; SCHEDULE ONE). That is an explicit delineation within the Determination of which service types receive formal service licence numbers in this instrument.

Licence area as ABS-defined geography: The licence area for the community service is defined by ABS collection districts and localities as at the 6 August 1991 census (Attachment 1.1). The Determination lists the ABS area names and population counts and provides a total population. The instrument thereby relies on ABS-defined geographic units to define the population and reach of the community licence.

Transmitter specification and allocation: The Determination links each service to one or more transmitter specification numbers (column three in the Schedule) and an Attachment containing the technical specification for each transmitter (column four). For example, the community service SL010155 is associated with transmitter specification numbers TS002896 and TS000540, and the corresponding Attachments 1.2 and 1.3 provide the technical details (SCHEDULE ONE; Attachments 1.2-1.3).

Fixed technical parameters: Each transmitter Attachment sets out the following concrete parameters: nominal transmitter site (including Australian Map Grid coordinates), carrier frequency (MHz), frequency band and mode (VHF-FM), polarisation (Mixed), maximum antenna height (30 m), and maximum ERP by azimuth (specified as a single value "At all angles of azimuth") (Attachments 1.2-1.5). The specified ERPs are 50 W for the Woomera-site transmitters and 500 W for the Roxby Downs transmitters, depending on the service/Attachment.

Reference to external technical guidance: Each transmitter Attachment includes the phrase "Site Tolerance: Refer to Technical Planning Guidelines" (Attachments 1.2-1.5). The Determination therefore delegates precise locational tolerance and likely other planning details to the Technical Planning Guidelines, which are not reproduced in this document.

Population and service reach: Attachment 1.1 quantifies the licence area population using 1991 ABS units and produces a total population figure of 4447 persons for the community licence area. The Schedule also records the general area served by each transmitter (e.g., Woomera, Roxby Downs) so the Determination pairs technical parameters with designated service areas.

Temporal/legal basis: The Determination states that it is made under s26(1) of the Broadcasting Services Act 1992 and is dated 27 August 1996. The document itself does not state any sunset, review, or amendment mechanism within its text.

In sum, the Determination is an allocation instrument that fixes category, licence number where applicable, transmitter counts, nominal sites and technical parameters, and the ABS-defined licence area population; it also points users to external technical planning guidelines for certain locational tolerances.

Directly affected parties as identified in the Determination text and Attachments are the following.

Licensees and potential licensees: The document assigns the community service licence SL010155 for the Woomera community radio service (SCHEDULE ONE; Attachment 1.2-1.3). The holder or prospective holder of SL010155 is directly constrained and directed by the transmitter specifications in Attachments 1.2 and 1.3. The two Open Narrowcasting services are listed as "Not applicable" for service licence numbers, reflecting the Schedule statement that the Broadcasting Services Act 1992 only requires service licences for Commercial and Community services; operators of those open narrowcasting services are nevertheless affected because their transmitters and frequencies are specified (SCHEDULE ONE; Attachments 1.4-1.5).

Technical/engineering suppliers and installers: The Determination prescribes exact carrier frequencies (107.3, 97.1, 106.5, 95.5 MHz), maximum ERPs (50 W and 500 W), polarisation ("Mixed") and maximum antenna heights (30 m). Entities engaged to design, supply, install, or maintain transmission equipment for any of these services must meet these specifications and comply with the unspecified "Technical Planning Guidelines" for site tolerance (Attachments 1.2-1.5).

Local communities and listeners: The Determination defines the community licence area by ABS units (Attachment 1.1) and lists the general areas served by each transmitter (Woomera; Roxby Downs). Residents and organisations within Andamooka Opal Field, Roxby Downs, Woomera and SA CD 013201 make up the population that the community licence is directed to serve (Attachment 1.1). Their access to services is shaped by the transmitter locations and ERPs fixed in the Attachments.

Spectrum users and neighbouring broadcasters: The Determination fixes frequencies and technical parameters for specific sites in the Woomera/Roxby Downs area. Any other user of spectrum in adjacent frequencies or nearby geographic areas will be affected in the sense that the presence of these authorised transmissions constrains possible co-location, adjacent-channel operation, or interference management. The Determination itself does not set out coordination or interference resolution procedures; it rather prescribes the parameters that others must consider when engineering their own services (Attachments 1.2-1.5).

Regulator and planners: The Australian Broadcasting Authority (ABA) is the decision-maker that made the plan under s26(1) of the Broadcasting Services Act 1992 (Determination text). The ABA (or successor administrative units) will be responsible for maintaining records, publishing the plan, and, where required under the Act, enforcing compliance with service licences and technical specifications; those allocation and compliance functions are implicit in the fact the ABA made the Determination.

Unstated but implied stakeholders: The Determination references "Technical Planning Guidelines" and ABS geographic definitions. Operators and legal advisers will need to consult those external documents to confirm site tolerances and precise boundary definitions. The Determination thus affects those who must consult and apply the ABS definitions and the Technical Planning Guidelines to operational and compliance questions (Attachments 1.1-1.5).

What the Determination does not do, and so who is not affected by it in this instrument: it does not set fees, general content obligations, licensing procedures, enforcement penalties, or ancillary legal requirements. Those matters are outside the text and are therefore not specified here.

The Determination fixes technical duties and the right to be listed as the allocated community service within the Woomera licence area, but it contains no operational licence terms, fee schedules, or sanctions. The rights and duties set out in the instrument are therefore primarily technical and geographic.

Rights allocated in the document:

• The Determination identifies that one community radio broadcasting service is to be available in the licence area and assigns the service the Service Licence No SL010155 (SCHEDULE ONE). That allocation is an entitlement recorded in the Schedule of the Determination.
• The Determination lists two open narrowcasting services as to be available in the area; these are specified in the Schedule and Attachments but are not assigned service licence numbers because the Schedule explicitly notes that the Broadcasting Services Act 1992 only requires service licences for Commercial and Community services (SCHEDULE preface; SCHEDULE ONE).

Duties established by the document (technical duties):

• Operate at the carrier frequencies specified in the Attachments: 107.3 MHz and 97.1 MHz for the Community service transmitters (Attachments 1.2-1.3); 106.5 MHz and 95.5 MHz for the Open Narrowcasting transmitters (Attachments 1.4-1.5).
• Observe the specified maximum ERPs: 50 W for the Woomera-site transmitters (TS002896 and TS004599) and 500 W for the Roxby Downs-site transmitters (TS000540 and TS000538) (Attachments 1.2-1.5).
• Keep antenna height at or below the maximum antenna height specified for each transmitter: 30 m (Attachments 1.2-1.5).
• Observe polarisation: "Mixed" as set out for each transmitter (Attachments 1.2-1.5).
• Use the nominal transmitter sites and coordinates provided (Attachments 1.2-1.5), subject to the site tolerance standard (each Attachment references "Site Tolerance: Refer to Technical Planning Guidelines").

Duties by reference: Each Attachment directs operators to the Technical Planning Guidelines for site tolerance. That creates an implicit duty to consult and comply with those Guidelines for locational tolerances and potentially other planning requirements referenced therein (Attachments 1.2-1.5).

Duties the document does not specify: The Determination itself does not set content conditions (e.g., program quotas, community participation obligations), financial duties (fees, levies), inspection or monitoring procedures, record-keeping obligations, or explicit licence terms beyond the technical specifications. It likewise does not set a procedure for variation or transfer of the service licence or transmitter authorisations , those matters lie outside the Determination's textual scope.

Allocation conditionality and limits: The Service Licence No is recorded for the Community service, but the Determination contains no express statement that the right to use the frequency or the transmitter is unconditional. The technical parameters, site coordinates and references to Technical Planning Guidelines operate as limits on how the allocated frequencies and sites may be used (Attachments 1.2-1.5).

Practical compliance duties for operators summarised from the Attachments:

• Maintain transmitters at the specified nominal locations or within the permitted site tolerance.
• Emit only on the specified VHF-FM carrier frequency and mode.
• Ensure ERP does not exceed the maximum at any azimuth.
• Ensure antenna height does not exceed 30 m.
• Use mixed polarisation as specified.

Those duties are concrete and measurable from the Attachments; rights are limited to those allocations and specifications the Determination records.

The Determination itself does not set out penalty regimes, enforcement processes, disciplinary measures, or administrative sanctions. The text records that the plan is made under section 26(1) of the Broadcasting Services Act 1992 (Determination text), but it contains no provisions describing enforcement mechanisms or penalties for non-compliance within the document.

What the document does provide that bears on enforcement:

• Fixed technical specifications (carrier frequency, ERP, antenna height, polarisation, nominal site coordinates) provide objectively measurable parameters that could underpin enforcement actions by a regulator, since exceedance of ERP, use of an incorrect frequency, or operation outside permitted antenna height are matters that plainly can be monitored (Attachments 1.2-1.5).
• The presence of site tolerance references to the "Technical Planning Guidelines" implies there are additional planning/engineering criteria that operators must meet; non-compliance with those criteria could be a ground for regulatory intervention, but the Determination itself does not specify how enforcement would be carried out or what penalties apply (Attachments 1.2-1.5).

Limits of what this instrument says about enforcement:

• The Determination does not list which agency enforces compliance, what investigative powers are available, what sanctions (fines, licence suspension, revocation) may be imposed, or what procedural rights a licensee has in the enforcement process. The only regulator named as making the plan is the Australian Broadcasting Authority (Determination text), but the specific enforcement regime is not contained in the Determination.

Consequential practical point for operators and advisors:

• Because the Determination sets clear technical standards but does not itself set enforcement mechanisms, those seeking to assess legal risk must consult the underlying Broadcasting Services Act 1992 provisions, any licence instrument issued under that Act (for example, the full terms and conditions of SL010155, which are not reproduced here), and any applicable Technical Planning Guidelines referenced in the Attachments. None of those documents are included in the Determination text provided.

In short, this Determination supplies enforceable technical parameters in the sense that they are specified and fixed; it does not, however, itself state the civil, administrative, or criminal penalties and enforcement processes that attach to breach of those parameters.

Within the text of the Determination, the instrument expressly links to two external legal/administrative frameworks: the Broadcasting Services Act 1992 and Australian Bureau of Statistics area definitions (ABS), and operationally to non-statutory technical guidance (Technical Planning Guidelines). No other statutes, regulations or legal instruments are named or reproduced in the Determination.

Direct statutory interaction stated in the Determination:

• The Determination is made by the Australian Broadcasting Authority under section 26(1) of the Broadcasting Services Act 1992 (Determination text). The Determination therefore derives its authority from that statutory provision, and it is an instrument within the statutory scheme established by that Act. The Determination does not reproduce or quote the content of s26(1) but identifies it as the legal basis.

Geographic/legal definitions:

• The licence area is defined in Attachment 1.1 in terms of geographic units used by the Australian Bureau of Statistics as at the 6 August 1991 census. The Determination explicitly uses ABS terminology and abbreviations: (CD) = Collection District; (L) = Locality (Attachment 1.1). The use of ABS units ties the plan to an external statistical/administrative geography, so the Determination’s geographic sweep is a function of ABS definitions as at a specific census date.

Technical planning guidance:

• Each transmitter Attachment contains the phrase "Site Tolerance: Refer to Technical Planning Guidelines" (Attachments 1.2-1.5). That phrase indicates that the precise tolerances for siting , and possibly interference coordination standards and other planning criteria , are governed by a separate set of guidelines which interact operationally with this Determination. Those Technical Planning Guidelines are not reproduced in the Determination, but compliance will require consulting them.

Regulatory regime demarcation:

• The Schedule clarifies why Open Narrowcasting entries carry "N/A" for service licence numbers by stating that the Broadcasting Services Act 1992 only requires service licences for Commercial and Community services (SCHEDULE preface). That statement situates the Determination within the broader licencing regime of the Act and indicates that Open Narrowcasting services are addressed in the Allocation framework in a different manner.

What the Determination does not specify about interactions:

• The instrument does not state how it is to be read alongside licence conditions issued under the Broadcasting Services Act 1992, nor does it describe how conflicts between this plan and other regulatory instruments are to be resolved. The Determination does not reference the Radiocommunications Act, spectrum licensing under other statutes, environmental approvals, or planning permits; those matters are absent from the text.

Practical consequence of the limited interaction statements:

• Entities using this Determination will need to consult the Broadcasting Services Act 1992 for the broader statutory obligations, the Technical Planning Guidelines for site tolerances and engineering rules, and relevant ABS documentation to interpret the geographic boundaries. The Determination itself provides the technical and geographic allocations but not the full legal framework governing operation.

The Determination text records a single date of adoption: Dated 27 August 1996 (Determination text). Within the document itself there is no record of amendments, revocations, or superseding instruments.

What the instrument states:

• The Determination is dated and presented as a plan "hereby makes this plan ... under section 26(1) of the Broadcasting Services Act 1992" (Determination text). No subsequent dates, amendment clauses, or "this determination is amended by" language appears in the text presented.

What is absent and the implications for users of the document:

• There are no amendment entries, no note of prior or subsequent versions, and no transmittal history in the document provided. The instrument therefore appears, on its face, as a single determination made on the stated date with no recorded changes within the document itself.
• Because the Determination references ABS definitions as at a particular census (6 August 1991) and is dated 1996, users should note that the document anchors certain definitions and figures to historical sources. The document does not itself update those ABS references or population counts.

Analytical point tied strictly to the document:

• The Determination contains no internal amendment mechanism or schedule of prospective review. It therefore functions, in this version, as the operative plan as of the stated date, unless and until it is formally amended by an authority empowered to do so under the Broadcasting Services Act 1992. Those amendment procedures, however, are not set out in this Determination.

For purposes of due diligence:

• The Determination itself does not supply an amendment trail. Anyone relying on the plan for operational, licensing, transactional or compliance purposes will therefore need to check the administrative records and the statutory repository (for example, the regulator’s database) for any later modifications or superseding determinations. That follow-up is not recorded in this document.

The Determination contains no references to litigation, court decisions, tribunal proceedings, appeals, or disputes arising from it. The text neither records any legal challenges to the Determination nor cites any judicial or tribunal authority.

What the document does state:

• It is an administrative determination made by the Australian Broadcasting Authority under s26(1) of the Broadcasting Services Act 1992, dated 27 August 1996 (Determination text). No further references to litigation or legal proceedings are included.

What the absence of litigation references in the document implies for users:

• The Determination does not document any history of legal challenge or enforcement proceedings. It does not record that it has been tested in court, nor that any part of it has been stayed, varied, or struck down by judicial or administrative review. The instrument therefore stands, in the text provided, as an administrative allocation with no litigated history set out within it.

Practical consequence:

• Absence of litigation records in the Determination does not mean there is no litigation in external records. The Determination does not catalogue subsequent events, so anyone needing to understand whether the plan or its allocations have been the subject of legal proceedings must consult court records, tribunal files, or the regulator’s public records. Those external searches are beyond the Determination itself and are not reflected in the text provided.

Analytical caution grounded in the document:

• This instrument presents only the administrative allocation and technical specifications; it does not serve as a source for litigation status. The document’s silence on litigation should be treated as silence, not as evidence of absence beyond the limits of the document.

The Determination reads as a concise allocation and technical specification document, but there are several practical pitfalls and interpretive issues visible within the text that parties must watch for when using the instrument.

Reliance on external Technical Planning Guidelines: Each transmitter Attachment includes the line "Site Tolerance: Refer to Technical Planning Guidelines" (Attachments 1.2-1.5). The exact permitted deviation from the nominal site coordinates, coordination rules, and likely interference criteria are therefore not stated in the Determination itself. Operators must consult the Technical Planning Guidelines to know what constitutes acceptable site movement, and failing to do so could lead to inadvertent non-compliance because the Determination defers that detail.

ABS references to a specific historical census: The licence area for SL010155 is defined in Attachment 1.1 using ABS areas at the census of 6 August 1991, with population numbers that total 4447. That reliance on 1991 ABS units is explicit, but it can create ambiguity for modern operational planning because ABS area boundaries and collection district numbering change over time. The Determination does not provide a map or equivalent contemporary cross-reference; operators and advisers must map the 1991 ABS units to current geographic references if needed.

Service licence numbering and Open Narrowcasting: The Schedule explicitly notes that service licence numbers are N/A for Open Narrowcasting entries because the Broadcasting Services Act 1992 only requires service licences for Commercial and Community services (SCHEDULE preface). This is a double-edged point: Open Narrowcasting services are listed and specified with technical parameters (Attachments 1.4-1.5), but the absence of a Service Licence No in the document indicates a different regulatory treatment for those services under the Act. Users must not assume that "N/A" means unregulated; it means that, as per the Schedule's own explanation, the Act does not require a service licence number for those categories. Operational requirements beyond those technical specifications may still apply via other parts of the statutory scheme not contained here.

Exactness of coordinates and small numeric differences: The Australian Map Grid references in the Attachments are precise (e.g., TS002896 at Zone 53 Easting 673800 Northing 6546700; TS000540 at 53 682000 6613000; TS000538 has Northing 6619000) (Attachments 1.2-1.5). Slight differences in coordinates between otherwise similar entries (for example, TS000540 Northing 6613000 vs TS000538 Northing 6619000) may matter for interference contours and planning. Small typographical or transcription discrepancies, if present, could materially affect permitted site location; practitioners must verify the coordinates against authoritative regulator records.

ERP and azimuth specification: Each Attachment specifies ERP as a single value "At all angles of azimuth" (Attachments 1.2-1.5). That formulation imposes a uniform maximum ERP in all directions, which simplifies engineering design but also means that directional antenna solutions that rely on azimuthal ERP variation are constrained unless a different specification is recorded elsewhere. The Determination does not discuss whether directional antenna patterns are acceptable within the given ERP limits; the plain text suggests a uniform cap.

No operational or content conditions included: The Determination is silent on content obligations, community participation requirements, licence transfer, or commercial aspects. This silence may mislead readers who expect a licence instrument to spell out operational duties beyond technical parameters. Advisors must therefore seek the separate licence instrument (in the case of SL010155) and statutory provisions for community broadcasting obligations.

No penalties or enforcement mechanics stated: The Determination sets enforceable-seeming technical standards but does not state how breaches would be handled; this forces parties to find enforcement regimes elsewhere in the Act or in licence terms.

Date-stamping without amendment trail: The Determination is dated 27 August 1996 and contains no amendment trail in the text. Practitioners should not assume the document remains current; they must verify whether the plan has been superseded or amended by subsequent determinations or instruments.

In short, the "gotchas" are mainly procedural and interpretive: dependence on external guidelines, use of dated ABS geography, the difference in regulatory treatment for open narrowcasting services, exact coordinates, and the absence of operational, enforcement and amendment details in the Determination itself.

Compliance under the Determination, insofar as the instrument itself specifies duties, is primarily about meeting the technical and geographic specifications contained in the Schedule and Attachments and consulting the referenced external guidance. The Determination does not include licence conditions, fees, enforcement steps or content obligations; those must be sourced elsewhere. Below are the concrete compliance steps extractable directly from the document.

1. Establish which service you operate:

   • If you are the community broadcaster, the Determination lists Service Licence No SL010155 as the community licence (SCHEDULE ONE). That licence allocation is tied to two transmitter specifications: TS002896 (Attachment 1.2) and TS000540 (Attachment 1.3).
   • If you operate an Open Narrowcasting service in the Woomera area, your service is recorded in the Schedule as an available service but without a Service Licence No (N/A), associated with TS004599 (Attachment 1.4) for Woomera and TS000538 (Attachment 1.5) for Roxby Downs.

2. Operate within the specified technical parameters for your transmitter(s):

   • Use the carrier frequency specified: 107.3 MHz (TS002896), 97.1 MHz (TS000540), 106.5 MHz (TS004599), or 95.5 MHz (TS000538) as applicable (Attachments 1.2-1.5).
   • Maintain maximum ERP values as specified: 50 W for the Woomera-site transmitters (TS002896 and TS004599) and 500 W for the Roxby Downs-site transmitters (TS000540 and TS000538) (Attachments 1.2-1.5). Ensure ERP at all angles of azimuth does not exceed these caps.
   • Ensure antenna height does not exceed 30 m maximum (Attachments 1.2-1.5).
   • Use mixed polarisation as specified (Attachments 1.2-1.5).

3. Locate transmitters at the nominal sites and within site tolerance:

   • Install transmitters at or within the site tolerance for the nominal locations given in the Attachments. The nominal locations and Australian Map Grid coordinates are provided and must be observed to the extent allowed by the "Site Tolerance" references (Attachments 1.2-1.5).
   • Consult the Technical Planning Guidelines for the precise site tolerance values and any additional planning criteria; the Determination explicitly defers to those Guidelines for site tolerance (Attachments 1.2-1.5).

4. Respect geographic scope of the community licence:

   • The community licence area is defined by ABS units as at 6 August 1991 and lists population counts in Attachment 1.1. Ensure that community-targeted programming and any community-service obligations recognised elsewhere are focused on the ABS-defined areas listed: Andamooka Opal Field (L), Roxby Downs (L), Woomera (L), SA CD 013201 (Attachment 1.1).
   • If you need to operationalise coverage maps or contour predictions, use the coordinates and ERPs specified in the Attachments as the engineering inputs.

5. Confirm regulatory status for Open Narrowcasting:

   • Note that Open Narrowcasting entries in the Schedule are marked "N/A" for service licence number with the Schedule explanation that the Broadcasting Services Act 1992 only requires service licences for Commercial and Community services (SCHEDULE preface). Verify the applicable statutory and regulatory obligations that apply to Open Narrowcasting services in the wider regulatory framework, as those obligations are not spelled out in this Determination.

6. Document and retain technical records:

   • Keep records of transmitter settings, measured ERP, antenna height, exact location (with coordinates), and any technical compliance testing. The Determination provides the specification numbers and nominal coordinates; record-keeping will demonstrate conformity to those specifications in the event of regulatory inquiry.

7. Verify supplementary and current regulatory materials:

   • Because this Determination does not include licence terms, enforcement provisions, or amendment records, obtain and review the full service licence document for SL010155 (if you are the community licence holder), the Broadcasting Services Act 1992 provisions relevant to licence obligations and enforcement, and the Technical Planning Guidelines referenced in the Attachments. The Determination alone does not furnish all compliance obligations.

8. Cross-check ABS boundaries if required:

   • If coverage obligations or community definitions matter for programming or reporting, obtain 1991 ABS mapping or an authoritative cross-walk from 1991 units to current geographic units to avoid boundary misinterpretation. Attachment 1.1 identifies the ABS areas and population counts used to define the licence area.

9. Coordinate with other spectrum users where necessary:

   • Use the fixed frequency and ERP parameters in the Determination to coordinate with other operators and to design systems that avoid adjacent-channel or co-channel interference, noting that the Determination does not itself set out coordination procedures.

10. Seek regulator confirmation for any deviation:

• If operational changes are required (different site, higher antenna, directional pattern, change of frequency, or transfer of service), do not assume such changes are permitted under this Determination. Because the instrument fixes parameters, obtain explicit regulatory approval for variations, and consult the Broadcasting Services Act 1992 processes and the regulator’s current procedures.

In sum, compliance under this Determination is primarily technical and spatial: adhere to the carrier frequency, ERP, antenna height, polarisation, and nominal site coordinates specified in the Attachments, consult and apply the Technical Planning Guidelines for site tolerances, and obtain and follow any separate licence terms and statutory obligations that apply to the community service SL010155 or to narrowcasting services. The Determination itself does not provide fee, content, or enforcement details; those must be sourced from other instruments within the regulatory scheme.