CASA EX62/24 – CASR Part 131 – Exemptions and Directions Instrument 2024

Part 131 aircraft: Defined by reference to regulation 131.005 of CASR and the CASR Dictionary. It covers balloons and hot air airships used in operations that fall under Part 131 of CASR. These are not conventional powered aircraft; they rely on buoyancy from heated air and are subject to a distinct regulatory framework for design, maintenance, and operation.

Operational safety-critical personnel: Defined in the CASR Dictionary. This term encompasses crew members and other personnel whose actions directly affect flight safety. The instrument uses this term in section 6 to capture those who may need additional training or competency assessment when a balloon transport operator introduces a new aircraft type.

Balloon transport AOC: An air operator certificate that specifically authorises the holder to conduct balloon transport operations. It is distinct from other AOC types and sits within the Part 131 framework. Section 6 targets holders of such AOCs and exempts them from a condition that would otherwise tie them to regulation 131.070, which sets out general conditions on AOCs.

Exposition: The operator's manual or documented system that sets out procedures, policies and arrangements for ensuring safe operations. Under section 6, the operator must include in its exposition procedures for aircraft differences assessment, training or competency assessment, and continuing airworthiness arrangements. The exposition becomes the key document for demonstrating compliance with the conditional exemption.

Relevant permit: Defined by reference to Civil Aviation Order 95.54 (Part 131 Recreational Activity and Specialised Balloon Operations) Instrument 2024. This permit covers certain balloon activities that are not transport operations. For foreign registered aircraft, not holding a relevant permit is one of the triggers for the section 8 exemptions.

Foreign registered aircraft: An aircraft registered in a country other than Australia. The instrument deals specifically with foreign registered Part 131 aircraft flown by pilots who do not hold Australian pilot authorisations or relevant permits. The concept of "State of registry" is used to define whose authorisation is acceptable.

Foreign medical certificate and foreign authorisation: Defined in section 10. These are the medical certificate and pilot authorisation required by the aircraft's State of registry. Notably, the instrument explicitly uses these terms rather than "overseas flight crew licence" or "overseas medical certificate" to avoid importing the equivalence requirements of CASR Part 61 and Part 67. The foreign medical certificate includes a self-declared medical if permitted by the State of registry, which acknowledges that some jurisdictions have less onerous medical standards than Australia.

Conditional exemption: Each exemption is conditioned on specific conduct or documentation. Failure to satisfy a condition revives the underlying requirement. This structure shifts responsibility to the operator or pilot to maintain compliance without CASA pre-approval, but also exposes them to the risk of inadvertently losing the exemption.

Direction: Unlike an exemption, a direction imposes a positive obligation. Section 10 requires pilots to carry and produce documents, and operators to ensure compliance. Breach of a direction is a breach of CASR and may attract enforcement action.

The instrument does not define all terms from scratch; it relies on definitions in CASR, the CASR Dictionary, and cross-referenced instruments. This creates a web of interconnected requirements that a reader must navigate to understand the full scope of each exemption.

The primary groups affected are operators and pilots involved in balloon and hot air airship operations in Australia, specifically those falling under CASR Part 131. The instrument discriminates between Australian AOC holders and foreign operators, and between transport operations and other activities.

Balloon transport AOC holders (section 6): These are Australian operators who hold a certificate to conduct balloon transport operations for hire or reward. They are directly affected because they are exempted from a condition that would otherwise apply, but the exemption imposes new procedural requirements. The operator must update its exposition to include aircraft differences assessment procedures and continuing airworthiness arrangements. This affects the operator's internal management, training staff, maintenance coordinators, and anyone designated as operational safety-critical personnel. It also affects the relationship with the registered operator of any aircraft used, since arrangements must be documented.

Balloon transport operators without alternate key persons (section 7): Any operator that has chosen not to appoint a person to act when a key person (such as the head of flight operations or chief pilot) is absent. The exemption is for the avoidance of doubt, so it primarily reassures operators that there is no legal obligation to have such a back-up. However, if an operator does appoint an alternate, that appointment is a significant change requiring CASA approval under regulation 131.100. This affects the operator's freedom to structure its management without regulatory pressure to maintain redundant personnel.

Operators and pilots of foreign registered Part 131 aircraft (sections 8 and 10): These are likely foreign balloon operators who bring aircraft into Australia temporarily, or Australian entities that operate foreign registered balloons. The instrument exempts them from Australian pilot authorisation requirements if the pilot holds a valid authorisation from the aircraft's State of registry. This affects foreign tour operators, international balloon festivals, and cross-border operations. The condition aligns with international norms of recognising the State of registry's regulatory oversight. The exemption also relieves them from certain maintenance release provisions (section 9 applies to any relevant person, including foreign operators). The direction in section 10 imposes a document-carrying and production obligation that foreign pilots may not be accustomed to if their home state has different rules.

Persons responsible for maintenance of Part 131 aircraft (section 9): This includes maintenance organisations, LAME holders, and any person performing maintenance on a Part 131 aircraft. The exemption from Division 9 of Part 4A of CAR (maintenance releases) reduces administrative paperwork, but the substitution of a logbook entry creates a compliance shift. The person must ensure the logbook is properly completed before flight operations occur. This affects how maintenance release information is recorded and accessed.

CASA officers: The direction in section 10 gives CASA officers the power to request production of foreign medical certificates and authorisations. Affects how they conduct ramp checks and surveillance of foreign operations.

Secondary effects: The instrument interacts with the Part 131 MOS, which sets technical standards for balloon operations. Operators relying on the section 8 exemption must still comply with other MOS provisions not covered by the exemption. The instrument does not affect passengers directly, but the safety implications of reduced regulatory requirements (e.g., no Australian pilot authorisation) could be a concern, though the State of registry authorisation condition mitigates this.

The instrument is narrow in scope. It does not affect large commercial fixed-wing operators, recreational balloon pilots holding Australian licences, or operators of Australian registered Part 131 aircraft (except through the AOC holder exemptions). Its sunset date means the affected population must plan for a return to standard regulation by November 2027, unless the instrument is replaced.

The instrument creates no new substantive duties but imposes conditions that effectively become duties if the operator wishes to rely on the exemptions. It also creates binding directions under section 10.

Duty to maintain exposition procedures (section 6): The balloon transport AOC holder must ensure its exposition contains procedures for assessing differences between Part 131 aircraft used. Before using an aircraft that does not require prior CASA approval for significant changes, the operator must assess differences, determine if additional training or competency assessment is needed, and if so, document the procedures and complete the training before operation. The exposition must also contain current and appropriate operating information, procedures and instructions for the aircraft. This is a documentation and process duty.

Duty to ensure continuing airworthiness arrangements (section 6): The operator must be fully aware of the continuing airworthiness and maintenance status of the aircraft before use, ensure the aircraft complies with safety requirements of civil aviation legislation, and have arrangements with the registered operator for managing continuing airworthiness, recorded in the exposition. This duty applies before each use of a Part 131 aircraft.

Right to operate without alternate key person (section 7): The operator who has not authorised another person to act for an absent key person is exempted from subparagraph 131.195(1)(e)(iv). This is a right not to appoint a back-up. The note clarifies there is no obligation to notify CASA. However, if the operator chooses to appoint an alternate, that appointment becomes a significant change requiring CASA approval.

Duty to maintain logbook instead of maintenance release (section 9): The relevant person must ensure that information about the Part 131 aircraft that would otherwise be in a maintenance release under Division 9 of Part 4A of CAR is entered in the aircraft logbook before a pilot conducts an operation. This shifts the record-keeping medium.

Duty to carry and produce documents (section 10 direction): The pilot in command of a foreign registered Part 131 aircraft must carry their foreign medical certificate and foreign authorisation during flight. On request by a CASA officer who formally identifies themselves, the pilot must produce them immediately if in their possession, or as soon as possible otherwise. The operator must ensure that each foreign pilot complies, and also that each person responsible for maintenance complies with the logbook condition. This imposes an indirect duty on operators to monitor compliance.

Right to be exempted from pilot authorisation requirements (section 8): The operator and pilot are exempted from specific provisions relating to Australian Part 131 pilot authorisations and certain MOS requirements, provided the pilot is authorised by the aircraft's State of registry. This right is conditional and only exists while the pilot holds that foreign authorisation.

Right to be exempted from CAR Part 4A Division 9 (section 9): Any relevant person is exempted from the maintenance release provisions entirely, conditional on using the logbook instead. This reduces compliance burden.

No right to extended operation beyond instrument's duration: The instrument ceases at end of 11 November 2027. After that, all exemptions and directions are repealed. Operators have no right to continued relief and must transition back to standard rules or seek new exemptions.

The duties are self-enforcing in the sense that CASA can check compliance during audits or ramp inspections. Failure to satisfy a condition means the underlying requirement (from which exemption was claimed) applies and may be enforced. The conditional exemption structure effectively inverts the usual burden: to enjoy the exemption, the operator must demonstrate ongoing compliance with the conditions.

The instrument itself does not prescribe penalties; penalties exist in the underlying CASR and CAR provisions from which exemptions are granted. The enforcement mechanism works through the conditionality of each exemption.

Loss of exemption: If an operator or pilot fails to satisfy a condition in sections 6(3), 8(4), or 9(3), the exemption ceases to apply. The person is then subject to the full force of the underlying requirement. For example, if a balloon transport AOC holder does not have exposition procedures as required by section 6(3), it is no longer exempt from the condition under paragraph 131.090(f) of CASR, and must comply with regulation 131.070 in full. Non-compliance with regulation 131.070 could lead to enforcement action by CASA, including suspension or cancellation of the AOC.

Breach of direction: Section 10 imposes binding directions. Failure by the pilot to carry or produce the required documents, or failure by the operator to ensure compliance, is a contravention of a direction given under CASR. This can be enforced under regulation 11.245 and the general enforcement provisions of the Civil Aviation Act 1988. Penalties may include infringement notices (on-the-spot fines), civil penalties, or criminal prosecution depending on the nature of the breach. The instrument does not specify penalty amounts, but they would be those applicable to contraventions of directions under the CASR.

Strict liability: The conditions in section 6 and 9 are phrased in mandatory terms ("must ensure", "ensure that"). This suggests a strict liability standard. If the operator has not performed the required assessments or does not have the recorded arrangements, the exemption is lost regardless of intent. Similarly, the direction in section 10 carries an objective requirement to carry documents. A pilot who forgets their foreign medical certificate at the hotel would not have it in possession; they would need to produce it "as soon as possible", which mitigates but does not eliminate the breach.

CASA powers: The instrument does not confer new enforcement powers. CASA's existing powers under the Civil Aviation Act and CASR to inspect, audit, suspend, cancel, and impose penalties continue to apply. The note to section 7 references CASA's website for further information, indicating that CASA may issue guidance on operational implications but not on enforcement.

Enforcement risk for operators of foreign aircraft: The section 8 exemptions rely heavily on the pilot being authorised by the State of registry. If a pilot's foreign authorisation is not valid for the specific aircraft or flight, the exemption fails. The operator bears the risk of verifying the pilot's credentials. CASA could enforce against the operator for operating without a valid Australian pilot authorisation if the condition is not met.

Expiry and transition: After 11 November 2027, the exemptions and directions no longer exist. Operators who have structured their operations around the exemptions must revert to standard compliance. There is no transitional provision in the instrument; it simply repeals. However, the instrument could be replaced or extended before expiry.

No immunity from other provisions: The exemptions are specific. For example, section 6 only exempts from the condition under paragraph 131.090(f). Other conditions of the AOC remain in force. Section 8 only exempts from the listed provisions; other CASR and CAR requirements, such as operational limits, airspace rules, and equipment requirements, still apply. Enforcement for those areas is unaffected.

The practical enforcement risk is low for most operators because the instrument provides clarity and reduces ambiguities. However, the conditional nature means that vigilance is required to avoid inadvertent loss of exemption.

This instrument modifies obligations under CASR, CAR, the Part 131 MOS, and to a lesser extent other instruments. Its interaction with related laws is narrow but significant.

CASR Part 131 (Balloons and Hot Air Airships): This is the primary regulatory framework that the instrument modifies. The exemptions target specific sections: regulation 131.070 (conditions on AOCs), regulation 131.100 (approval of significant changes), regulation 131.195 (key personnel and nominated persons), regulation 131.245 (pilot authorisation), regulation 131.275 (operating limitations and requirements as per MOS), and regulation 131.565 (pilot licensing and medical). The instrument provides targeted relief but does not override the entire Part. Operators must still comply with all other Part 131 provisions, such as flight crew composition, equipment, operational procedures, and record-keeping.

Civil Aviation Regulations 1988 (CAR): Section 9 exempts from Division 9 of Part 4A of CAR, which covers maintenance releases. This is a significant interaction: maintenance releases are otherwise required for aircraft before they can be operated after maintenance. For Part 131 aircraft, the instrument substitutes a logbook entry. However, other CAR provisions still apply, such as airworthiness directives, defect reporting, and general maintenance requirements. The exemption does not remove the need to perform the maintenance; it only changes how the release is recorded.

Part 131 (Balloons and Hot Air Airships) Manual of Standards 2024 (Part 131 MOS): Section 8 exempts from parts of regulation 131.275 to the extent that it incorporates subparagraphs 5.01(1)(c)(i) and (ii) of the MOS. This deals with pilot authorisation requirements for foreign registered aircraft. Other MOS provisions, such as operating limitations, equipment standards, and crew requirements, remain binding.

Civil Aviation Order 95.54 (Part 131 Recreational Activity and Specialised Balloon Operations) Instrument 2024: This instrument defines "relevant permit", which is used to determine whether a foreign pilot falls within the ambit of section 8. The exemption applies only if the pilot does not hold such a permit. If the pilot does hold a relevant permit, they would not need the exemption in the first place, but they would be subject to the full provisions of CASR Part 131.

CASR Part 61 (Flight Crew Licensing) and Part 67 (Medical Standards): The instrument explicitly avoids using terms from these Parts. The note to section 10 explains that "overseas flight crew licence" and "overseas medical certificate" are not used because they require equivalence to Part 61 and Part 67 counterparts. Instead, the instrument uses "foreign medical certificate" and "foreign authorisation", defined by reference to the State of registry. This means foreign pilots do not have to meet Australian medical equivalency standards; the condition is simply that they hold what their home state requires. This is a deliberate policy choice to facilitate foreign operations without imposing Australian standards.

Civil Aviation Act 1988: The instrument is made under the CASR, which in turn is made under the Act. The Act's general safety obligations, enforcement powers, and liability provisions (including Part IVA about offences) continue to apply. The instrument does not provide immunity from prosecution under the Act for reckless or negligent conduct.

Other CASA exemption instruments: The instrument may be read alongside other exemption instruments for Part 131. There is no express interaction clause, but the cumulative effect of multiple exemptions could create a patchwork that operators must navigate.

State and territory laws: Not addressed. Balloon operations may also be subject to state or territory laws regarding land use, parks, and public safety. The instrument does not override those.

The interaction is mostly harmonious because the instrument is specifically drafted to carve out narrow exceptions. However, care must be taken not to assume blanket relief. For example, a foreign pilot exempted from regulation 131.245(2) still needs to meet the operational requirements of Part 131, such as flight time limits and crew composition.

The instrument has undergone one amendment as at its compilation date of 28 March 2025. The amending instrument is CASA EX16/25 - Amendment of CASA EX62/24 (for CASR Part 131) - Exemption Instrument 2025, registered on 27 March 2025 and commenced on 28 March 2025. This amendment made two changes:

First, it repealed paragraph 2(a) of the original instrument. Paragraph 2(a) had stated the commencement date (12 November 2024). That repeal was likely automatic under section 48D of the Legislation Act 2003, which provides for the repeal of spent commencement provisions after the date has passed. This is a technical housekeeping amendment.

Second, it repealed and substituted section 7 (exemption regarding alternate key personnel). The original section 7 is not included in the compilation, so we cannot know the precise wording of the pre-amendment version. However, the note to section 7 now reads: "Subparagraph 131.195(1)(e)(iv) of CASR may imply that an operator must actually have a 'back-up' authorised person to act for an absent key person (commonly referred to as an 'alternate key person'). This was not intended." The amendment likely clarified the scope of the exemption or added the note (or modified it). The note is part of the instrument and provides guidance but is not binding. The substituted section retains the same exemption structure but may now be more explicit.

The amendment history table shows that the original instrument (EX62/24) was registered on 24 October 2024 and commenced on 12 November 2024. The amending instrument (EX16/25) was registered on 27 March 2025 and commenced the next day. There are no other amendments. Compilation No. 1 reflects these two instruments.

The short time between original and amendment (5 months) suggests that the original section 7 may have caused confusion or was found to be insufficiently clear. The "avoidance of doubt" language supports this. CASA moved quickly to address the issue. This demonstrates that even exemption instruments are subject to correction.

The instrument's sunset date of 11 November 2027 means any further amendments would need to occur before that date if the instrument is to continue. It could also be remade or replaced. Amendment history to date is minimal, but operators should monitor for future instruments that may extend or modify the exemptions.

There is no mention of any court or tribunal case in the instrument. As a recently made administrative instrument (2024), there is unlikely to be any significant litigation history yet. Balloon regulation is a niche area, and exemption instruments are typically not litigated directly; disputes may arise from enforcement actions where the exemption is claimed as a defence.

Potential areas of litigation could include:

• Whether the conditions of an exemption were satisfied (e.g., did the operator's exposition contain the required procedures?).
• Whether a pilot's foreign authorisation is valid (e.g., disputes over State of registry recognition).
• Whether the directions in section 10 are enforceable against an operator who had no knowledge of a pilot's failure to carry documents.
• Whether the instrument's "avoidance of doubt" language can be relied upon if a third party (e.g., a passenger or insurer) argues that the operator nevertheless had a duty to appoint an alternate key person.

Because the instrument is an exemption, it does not create rights of action for private parties. Only CASA or the Commonwealth could enforce it. General safety and contract claims might reference non-compliance with the instrument but would likely be tried under common law or the Civil Aviation Act.

The note to section 7 suggests that CASA itself acknowledged potential confusion and acted to clarify. That note could be used in evidence to show CASA's interpretation, but it is not binding on a court.

Given the absence of case law, practitioners should treat the instrument as authoritative on its face. The risk of a successful challenge is low because the instrument is made under delegated legislation and is within the scope of the regulation-making power. A court would likely defer to CASA's expertise on the technical safety matters.

The short lifespan of the instrument (three years) reduces the window for litigation. Most operators will comply or risk enforcement before a court hears a challenge.

Conditional exemptions require ongoing compliance: The biggest trap is treating the exemptions as blanket relief. Each exemption is conditional. For section 6, the operator must have exposition procedures that are actually in effect and followed. If an operator adds a new aircraft without assessing differences, the exemption is lost, and the operator may be in breach of the AOC condition. Similarly, section 8 requires the pilot to be authorised by the state of registry; if that authorisation is invalid or expired, the exemption fails and the pilot is operating without an Australian authorisation.

The term "foreign medical certificate" includes self-declared medicals: Section 10 defines foreign medical certificate as including "a self-declared medical to the extent that such a declaration is permitted by the aircraft's State of registry." Some countries allow pilots to self-declare fitness without formal medical examination. A pilot flying into Australia relying on a self-declared medical may be compliant under this instrument, but Australian authorities may not be familiar with such arrangements. This could create issues during ramp checks if the CASA officer expects a formal medical certificate. The instrument explicitly includes self-declared medicals, so the pilot should be prepared to explain.

The directions in section 10 apply to the operator as well: The operator must ensure that pilots comply with the carrying and production requirements. If a pilot fails to carry documents, the operator is also in breach. The operator should have systems to verify that pilots have their documents before flight.

No exemption from all of Part 131: The instrument only exempts from specific provisions. For example, the section 8 exemption does not cover flight crew composition requirements, operational limitations, or equipment standards. Foreign operators must still comply with those. Similarly, the section 9 exemption from maintenance releases does not exempt from other maintenance record-keeping or airworthiness directives.

Expiry date: The instrument expires on 11 November 2027. Operators who have relied on the exemptions must plan to transition back to standard compliance. This is particularly important for foreign operators who may have structured their Australian operations around the exemptions. Also, if CASA does not remake the instrument, there will be no grace period.

The "avoidance of doubt" note in section 7 is not binding: The note explains CASA's intent, but it is not part of the legislative text. A court or CASA could take a different view. The exemption itself is clear; the note is extra-textual. However, the note could be used to support an operator's interpretation.

Foreign pilot authorisation must be for the specific flight: Section 8 requires the pilot to be "authorised to pilot the aircraft, for the flight, by the aircraft's State of registry." This suggests that the authorisation must cover the specific flight (e.g., commercial balloon operation over Australia) rather than just a general licence. A foreign private pilot licence may not authorise commercial operations. Operators must verify the scope of the authorisation.

Section 6 exemption only applies to the extent of the condition under paragraph 131.090(f): This is a narrow exemption. It does not exempt from regulation 131.070 generally. The condition under paragraph 131.090(f) presumably relates to aircraft differences or training. But the instrument does not reproduce that condition, so operators need to check the CASR to understand exactly what they are relieved from.

Logbook entry requirement in section 9: Instead of a maintenance release, information must go into the logbook. The logbook may not be standardised across operators. If the logbook does not contain all required information, or if the entry is not made before the operation, the exemption fails and the person must comply with Division 9. The practical risk is that the logbook entry might be less formal and easier to overlook than a maintenance release.

Interaction with the Part 131 MOS: The section 8 exemption references subparagraphs of the MOS. Operators need to have a copy of the MOS to understand exactly which requirements are exempted. The instrument does not set them out.

No automatic right to CASA approval for alternate key persons: Section 7 clarifies no obligation to have an alternate, but if an operator chooses to appoint one, that is a significant change requiring CASA approval. The approval process may be time-consuming. The operator cannot simply appoint someone and notify; they must seek approval.

Instrument may be amended or replaced: With a three-year lifespan, CASA may amend it further. Operators should monitor for new instruments that change conditions or add new obligations.

Foreign operators and pilots should keep the instrument with them: If challenged, having the instrument available can demonstrate the basis for exemption. The pilot may need to show that the flight is covered by section 8.

Compliance requires understanding which exemptions apply to the specific operation and then implementing the conditions. Below is a practical guide for each affected group.

Balloon transport AOC holders (section 6):

1. Review your exposition to ensure it includes a section on aircraft differences assessment. The procedures must cover: assessing differences between any Part 131 aircraft you use and other Part 131 aircraft in your fleet; determining whether additional training or competency assessment is needed for operational safety-critical personnel; and if such training/assessment is needed, detailing the procedures and ensuring they are documented in the exposition before the aircraft is used.
2. Before introducing a new Part 131 aircraft type that does not require prior CASA approval for a significant change, conduct the assessment and document it. Complete any required training or assessments before the first flight with that aircraft.
3. Ensure that your exposition contains current and appropriate operating information, procedures and instructions for each aircraft type operated.
4. For each aircraft used, before its first flight under your AOC, be fully aware of its continuing airworthiness and maintenance status. Verify that the aircraft complies with all safety requirements of the civil aviation legislation.
5. Have documented arrangements with the registered operator (if you are not the registered operator) for managing continuing airworthiness, including responsibility for maintenance, inspections, and records. Record these arrangements in the exposition.
6. Maintain evidence that you have complied with these conditions (e.g., checklists, training records, signed agreements). If CASA audits your exposition, be ready to demonstrate the procedures are followed.

Operators without alternate key persons (section 7):

1. Decide whether you want to appoint an alternate key person. If not, no further action is needed; the exemption covers you.
2. If you do choose to appoint an alternate, note that this is a significant change and requires CASA approval under regulation 131.100. Prepare an application for approval.
3. Consider the operational implications of not having an alternate. If a key person is absent for an extended period, you may not be able to operate. The note references CASA's guidance material on this.
4. The exemption applies only to subparagraph 131.195(1)(e)(iv). Other key person requirements (e.g., having nominated key persons) still apply.

Operators and pilots of foreign registered Part 131 aircraft (sections 8 and 10):

1. Before conducting a flight into Australia, verify that the pilot in command holds a valid authorisation from the aircraft's State of registry that specifically authorises them to pilot the aircraft for that flight. If there is a second pilot, ensure they also hold such authorisation.
2. If the pilot in command or second pilot will act as pilot acting in command under supervision, ensure the second pilot is authorised in that capacity by the State of registry.
3. The pilot must carry the foreign medical certificate and foreign authorisation during all flights. The medical certificate may be a self-declared medical if permitted by the State of registry. Keep the documents accessible but not necessarily in hand; the instrument requires carrying, not immediate physical possession.
4. On request from a CASA officer who formally identifies themselves, produce the documents. If the documents are on the ground or in a bag, produce them as soon as possible. Delays may be acceptable if reasonable.
5. The operator must ensure pilots comply with these requirements. Implement a pre-flight check to confirm that pilots have the required documents and that their authorisations are current.
6. Note that the exemption from Australian pilot authorisation requirements only covers the listed provisions. Other requirements (e.g., English proficiency, age limits, flight time limits) may still apply.
7. For maintenance, if you are responsible for maintaining the aircraft, ensure that maintenance information that would normally go on a maintenance release is instead entered in the aircraft logbook before any operation. The logbook entry must include sufficient detail to show the maintenance is completed and the aircraft is airworthy.

All affected persons:

1. Keep a current copy of CASA EX62/24 (including amendments) for reference. It is available on the Federal Register of Legislation.
2. Monitor the FRL for any further amendments before the sunset date of 11 November 2027.
3. If your operations change (e.g., new aircraft, new pilots, changes in State of registry), reassess your reliance on the exemptions. The conditions must be continuously satisfied.
4. Conduct periodic internal audits to verify that exposition procedures, maintenance logbook entries, and pilot document checks are being followed.
5. Seek professional advice from a CASA approved aviation consultant or legal practitioner with expertise in Part 131 if unsure about the scope of an exemption.

The overall compliance burden is moderate. The instrument primarily shifts existing obligations into alternative forms (exposition procedures instead of CASA approval; logbook instead of maintenance release). Operators who already have robust safety management systems should find compliance straightforward. Those without well-documented procedures will need to invest in documentation to avoid losing the exemptions and facing full regulatory compliance.