NORTHERN TERRITORY OF AUSTRALIA
VETERINARIANS ACT 1994
As in force at 1 November 2022
Table of provisions
Part 1 Preliminary
1 Short title ......................................................................................... 1
2 Commencement .............................................................................. 1
3 Interpretation ................................................................................... 1
Part 2 Veterinary Board of the Northern Territory
4 Establishment of Board ................................................................... 3
5 Membership of Board ...................................................................... 3
6 Functions and powers of Board ....................................................... 5
7 Meetings and proceedings of Board ................................................ 6
Part 3 Registration of veterinarians and
veterinary specialists
Division 1 Registrar and Register
8 Registrar .......................................................................................... 6
9 Delegation ....................................................................................... 6
10 Veterinary Register .......................................................................... 7
Division 2 Registration
11 Application for registration ............................................................... 7
12 Direction for registration, &c. ........................................................... 8
13 Registration as veterinarian ............................................................. 8
14 Further requirements concerning registration .................................. 9
15 Registration as veterinary specialist .............................................. 10
16 Limited registration ........................................................................ 11
17 Interim registration ......................................................................... 13
Division 3 Conditions of registration, &c.
18 Registration subject to express conditions..................................... 13
19 Annual fee ..................................................................................... 14
Division 4 Miscellaneous
20 Method of effecting registration ..................................................... 15
20A Primary and secondary registration ............................................... 15
Veterinarians Act 1994 ii
21 Certificate of registration ................................................................ 16
22 Change of name, address or qualifications.................................... 17
23 Cancellation of registration at request ........................................... 18
Part 4 Offences of practising unregistered, &c.
24 Provision of services by unregistered, &c., persons ...................... 19
25 Falsely holding out as registered, &c. ............................................ 19
Part 5 Disciplinary proceedings
26 Complaints against registered veterinarians .................................. 20
27 Complaints of misconduct against persons formerly registered..... 21
28 Meaning of misconduct .................................................................. 22
29 Board to investigate complaint....................................................... 22
30 Board may carry out investigation on own initiative ....................... 23
31 Board may suspend registration .................................................... 24
31A Procedure of investigation ............................................................. 25
31B Completion of investigation............................................................ 25
31C Person who is reprimanded or cautioned may require hearing...... 26
31D Notice of hearing ........................................................................... 26
32 Procedure at inquiry ...................................................................... 27
33 Board's findings at hearing ............................................................ 28
34 Disciplinary action .......................................................................... 29
35 Supplementary provisions ............................................................. 30
Part 6 Appeals
36 Appeal to Local Court .................................................................... 31
37 Powers of Local Court on appeal................................................... 32
38 Entries in register, &c. ................................................................... 32
Part 7 Miscellaneous
Division 1 Enforcement provisions
39 Inspectors for purposes of Act ....................................................... 33
40 Powers of inspectors and persons assisting inspectors ................ 34
41 Obstructing, &c., of inspectors ....................................................... 35
42 Personation ................................................................................... 36
Division 2 Miscellaneous offences
43 False or misleading statements ..................................................... 36
44 Unauthorised alteration of Register or certificate of registration .... 36
45 Registered veterinarian to notify Board of civil claims ................... 37
Veterinarians Act 1994 iii
Division 3 General
46 Alteration, &c., of conditions of application .................................... 37
47 Effect to be given to interstate suspensions, &c. ........................... 37
48 Power of Board to annul suspension, &c., of registration .............. 38
49 Confidentiality ................................................................................ 38
50 Protection for things done under Act ............................................. 38
51 Evidentiary certificates ................................................................... 38
52 Service of notices, &c. ................................................................... 39
53 Regulations.................................................................................... 39
Part 8 Repeals, savings and transitional
provisions
54 Repealed Acts ............................................................................... 40
55 Savings and transitional provisions ............................................... 40
Schedule 1 Further provisions with respect to
appointed members and elected members
Schedule 2 Meetings and proceedings of Board
Schedule 3 Repealed Acts
Schedule 4 Savings and transitional provisions
ENDNOTES
NORTHERN TERRITORY OF AUSTRALIA
As in force at 1 November 2022
VETERINARIANS ACT
An Act to provide for the registration of veterinarians and veterinary
specialists, to regulate the provision of veterinary services, and for
related purposes
Part 1 Preliminary
1 Short title
This Act may be cited as the Veterinarians Act 1994.
2 Commencement
This Act shall come into operation on a date to be fixed by the
Administrator by notice in the Gazette.
3 Interpretation
(1) In this Act, unless the contrary intention appears:
appointed member means a member appointed under
section 5(1)(c).
approved means approved by the Board.
Board means the Veterinary Board of the Northern Territory
established under section 4(1).
certificate of registration means a certificate of registration issued
under section 21(1).
Chief Inspector, see the Livestock Act 2008.
elected member means a member elected for the purposes of
section 5(1)(b) and includes a person who is to be taken under the
Regulations to be elected.
inspector means a person who is, in accordance with
section 39(1), an inspector for the purposes of this Act.
Part 1 Preliminary
Veterinarians Act 1994 2
interim registration means registration as a veterinarian or
veterinary specialist authorised under section 17(1).
limited registration has the meaning given by section 16(1).
member means a member of the Board.
misconduct shall be construed in accordance with section 28.
notice of hearing means a notice served under section 31D(1).
notice of investigation means a notice served under section 29(1)
or 30(1).
prescribed means prescribed by the Regulations.
President means the President of the Board.
primary registration means registration on the Register recorded
as primary registration.
record includes a radiograph, a case record, pathology report,
specialist's report, euthanasia form and any other recording in
relation to a particular case.
Register means the Veterinary Register maintained in pursuance
of section 10(1).
registered veterinarian means a person whose registration,
including interim or limited registration, as a veterinarian is currently
in force.
registered veterinary specialist means a person whose
registration, including interim registration, as a veterinary specialist
is currently in force.
Registrar means the Registrar of the Board appointed under
section 8(a), and includes a person appointed under section 8(b)
while acting as Registrar.
registration means registration on the Register.
secondary registration means registration on the Register
recorded as secondary registration.
this Act includes the Regulations.
Part 2 Veterinary Board of the Northern Territory
Veterinarians Act 1994 3
veterinary services means services which form part of the practice
of veterinary surgery or veterinary medicine, and includes:
(a) attendance, examination, the diagnosis of the physiological
status of an animal, the diagnosis of disease or injury, the
treatment of disease or injury, giving advice on the diagnosis
or treatment of disease or injury, the prescribing of medicines
and drugs, administering vaccines, and the provision of
veterinary certificates; and
(b) a prescribed service,
but does not include a service declared by the Regulations not to
be a veterinary service.
(2) A reference in this Act to the provision of a veterinary service
includes a reference to the provision of such a service otherwise
than for fee or reward.
Part 2 Veterinary Board of the Northern Territory
4 Establishment of Board
(1) There is established by this Act a Board to be known as the
Veterinary Board of the Northern Territory.
(2) The Board:
(a) is a body corporate with perpetual succession;
(b) shall have a common seal; and
(c) is capable, in its corporate name, of acquiring, holding and
disposing of real (including leasehold) and personal property,
and of suing and being sued.
(3) All courts, judges and persons acting judicially shall take judicial
notice of the common seal of the Board affixed to a document, and
shall presume that it was duly affixed.
5 Membership of Board
(1) The Board consists of the following members:
(a) the Chief Inspector or, while a person appointed under
subsection (3) is a member, that person;
Part 2 Veterinary Board of the Northern Territory
Veterinarians Act 1994 4
(b) 2 registered veterinarians elected by registered veterinarians
by postal ballot to represent the interests of registered
veterinarians; and
(c) 2 persons:
(i) one of whom is not and never has been a registered
veterinarian or a veterinarian registered under an Act of
a State or another Territory of the Commonwealth and
who is appointed by the Minister to represent the public
interest after considering the recommendation, if any, of
the Board; and
(ii) one of whom may be, but need not be, a registered
veterinarian, appointed by the Minister after considering
the recommendation, if any, of the Board.
(2) A person is not eligible to be elected or appointed a member unless
he or she is resident in the Territory.
(3) The Minister may in writing appoint a person to be a member of the
Board for the purposes of subsection (1)(a).
(4) The Minister must, before appointing a person to be a member
under subsection (1)(c), notify the Board that the Minister seeks its
recommendation as to whom the member should be, unless the
Board has already given its recommendation to the Minister.
(5) The Board may, within 30 days after being notified under
subsection (4), recommend to the Minister a person to be appointed
a member under subsection (1)(c).
(6) The Regulations are to provide for the conduct of elections by
postal ballot under subsection (1)(b) and may provide for:
(a) the Registrar to declare a candidate in an election to be an
elected member if the number of candidates for the election is
equal to or less than the number of vacancies; and
(b) the Minister to appoint a registered veterinarian to be an
elected member if:
(i) there are no candidates for an election; or
(ii) the number of candidates for an election is less than the
number of vacancies.
(7) The Chief Inspector or, if a person is appointed under
subsection (3) to be a member, that person, is the President of the
Board.
Part 2 Veterinary Board of the Northern Territory
Veterinarians Act 1994 5
(8) The Minister must appoint one of the members who is a registered
veterinarian to be the Vice President of the Board.
(9) Schedule 1 has effect with respect to members and their deputies.
6 Functions and powers of Board
(1) The functions of the Board are:
(a) to promote high standards of professional conduct in the
provision of veterinary services in the Territory;
(b) to determine, in accordance with Part 3, applications for the
registration of persons as veterinarians or veterinary
specialists;
(c) to exercise in relation to persons registered, or formerly
registered, as veterinarians or veterinary specialists the
disciplinary powers conferred by Part 5;
(d) to investigate any matter relating to the professional conduct
of registered veterinarians or veterinary specialists, or to the
provision of veterinary services, that:
(i) it considers desirable to investigate; or
(ii) the Minister directs it to investigate,
and to report to the Minister on a matter investigated at the
Minister's direction;
(e) without limiting the generality of paragraph (a), to issue
guidelines in relation to standards to be observed by
registered veterinarians and veterinary specialists in and in
connection with the provision of veterinary services;
(f) to make the public aware of its existence and its functions;
(g) to give advice to a person where requested on a matter
relating to the professional conduct of a registered veterinarian
or veterinary specialist or the provision of veterinary services;
(h) to investigate suspected offences against this Act and to
prosecute such offences; and
(j) such other functions as are imposed on it by or under this or
any other Act.
Part 3 Registration of veterinarians and veterinary specialists
Division 1 Registrar and Register
Veterinarians Act 1994 6
(2) The Board has power to do all things necessary or convenient to be
done for or in connection with the performance of its functions or
the exercise of its powers.
(3) Without limiting the generality of subsection (2), the Board may
employ such persons as it thinks fit to advise or assist it in the
performance of its functions or the exercise of its powers.
7 Meetings and proceedings of Board
Schedule 2 has effect with respect to the Board's meetings and
proceedings.
Part 3 Registration of veterinarians and veterinary
specialists
Division 1 Registrar and Register
8 Registrar
The Minister:
(a) shall appoint a person who is an employee within the meaning
of the Public Sector Employment and Management Act 1993
to be the Registrar of the Board; and
(b) may appoint such a person to act from time to time as
Registrar of the Board during the absence of the Registrar
from the Territory or from duty or during a vacancy in the office
of Registrar.
9 Delegation
(1) The Registrar may, by instrument in writing, delegate to a person
who is an employee within the meaning of the Public Sector
Employment and Management Act 1993 any of the Registrar's
powers and functions under this Act, other than this power of
delegation.
(2) A power or function delegated under this section, when exercised
or performed by the delegate, shall, for the purpose of this Act, be
deemed to have been exercised or performed by the Registrar.
(3) A delegation under this section does not prevent the exercise of a
power or the performance of a function by the Registrar.
Part 3 Registration of veterinarians and veterinary specialists
Division 2 Registration
Veterinarians Act 1994 7
10 Veterinary Register
(1) The Registrar shall maintain, or cause to be maintained, in
accordance with this Act, a Register of veterinarians and veterinary
specialists to be called the Veterinary Register.
(2) The Register shall be kept at the office of the Board, and a person
may, at any time during normal office hours and on payment of the
prescribed fee, if any, inspect the Register and take copies of or
extracts from entries in it.
(3) The Registrar shall, on receipt of a request in writing and the
prescribed fee, if any, provide the person making the request with a
copy of an entry in the Register specified in the request.
Division 2 Registration
11 Application for registration
(1) A person may apply for registration as a veterinarian by lodging
with the Board:
(a) an application in the approved form; and
(b) the prescribed application fee; and
(c) evidence that the applicant:
(i) is the holder of the prescribed qualifications; or
(ii) has current registration in a State or another Territory;
and
(d) any other prescribed documents.
(2) The application must include:
(a) the applicant's full name; and
(b) the applicant's address for service of documents under this
Act; and
(c) details of the applicant's professional qualifications and
experience in each State or Territory of the Commonwealth in
which the applicant is currently or has been registered.
Part 3 Registration of veterinarians and veterinary specialists
Division 2 Registration
Veterinarians Act 1994 8
12 Direction for registration, &c.
(1) After considering an application, the Board may, subject to
section 13:
(a) direct the Registrar to register the applicant by making an
entry in the Register; or
(b) refuse to make such a direction.
(2) Where the Board refuses to make a direction, it shall, without delay,
notify the applicant in writing of the reasons for the refusal.
13 Registration as veterinarian
(1) Where the Board is satisfied that the applicant:
(a) is a fit and proper person to provide veterinary services in the
Territory and is qualified to be registered by reason of holding
a prescribed qualification; or
(b) is currently registered for the purpose of practising veterinary
surgery or medicine in a State or another Territory of the
Commonwealth, the registration not being subject to a
limitation of a kind described in section 16(1),
the Board shall direct the Registrar to register the applicant.
(2) For the purposes of this section, the Board may regard a person as
not being a fit and proper person to provide veterinary services in
the Territory if the Board is of the opinion that:
(a) an application by the person for authorisation, whether by
registration, licence or otherwise, to provide veterinary
services in a State or Territory of the Commonwealth, or in a
place outside the Commonwealth, has at any time been
refused;
(b) a registration, licence or other form of authorisation entitling
the person to provide veterinary services in a State or Territory
of the Commonwealth, or in a place outside the
Commonwealth, has at any time been:
(i) cancelled or suspended; or
(ii) while in force, subject to conditions or a variation in
conditions;
Part 3 Registration of veterinarians and veterinary specialists
Division 2 Registration
Veterinarians Act 1994 9
(c) under a law regulating the provision of veterinary services in a
State or Territory of the Commonwealth, or in a place outside
the Commonwealth, the person:
(i) has at any time been reprimanded or cautioned; or
(ii) is the subject of an investigation,
relating to his or her professional conduct or any other
relevant matter;
(d) a claim for damages or other compensation for or in respect of
alleged negligence or other misconduct in the provision of
veterinary services has been made against the person during
the 2 years immediately before his or her application for
registration;
(e) the person has at any time been found guilty:
(i) in the Territory, of an indictable offence; or
(ii) in a State or Territory of the Commonwealth or a place
outside the Commonwealth, of an offence that would
have been an indictable offence had it been committed
in the Territory;
(f) the person has at any time been found guilty, in the Territory
or a State or another Territory of the Commonwealth or a
place outside the Commonwealth, of an offence against:
(i) this Act or any other law relating to the provision of
veterinary services;
(ii) a law prohibiting or regulating the possession, sale, use
or supply of, or other dealing in, a poison, drug or similar
substance; or
(iii) a law relating to the welfare of, or the prevention of
cruelty to, animals; or
(g) the person is, for any reason, incapable of providing veterinary
services of a satisfactory quality.
14 Further requirements concerning registration
The Board may, before determining an application, serve on the
applicant a notice in writing requiring the applicant:
(a) to supply the Board, within a period specified in the notice,
with further information about any matter so specified; or
Part 3 Registration of veterinarians and veterinary specialists
Division 2 Registration
Veterinarians Act 1994 10
(b) to attend the Board in person at a time and place specified in
the notice.
15 Registration as veterinary specialist
(1) A person registered or eligible to be registered as a veterinarian
under section 13 may apply to be registered as a veterinary
specialist:
(a) in a branch of veterinary surgery or medicine in which he or
she is registered as a specialist in a State or another Territory
of the Commonwealth; or
(b) in any branch of veterinary surgery or medicine.
(2) An application under subsection (1)(a) shall be made to the Board
in an approved form accompanied by the prescribed application
fee.
(3) If the Board is satisfied that the applicant is registered in a State or
another Territory as a specialist in the branch of veterinary surgery
or medicine specified in the application, it shall direct his or her
registration as a veterinary specialist in that branch.
(4) An application under subsection (1)(b) shall be in accordance with a
form approved by the Advisory Committee and shall be
accompanied by:
(a) the documents specified in the form; and
(b) the prescribed application fee; and
(c) the fee required by the Advisory Committee for examining,
and making recommendations about, applications for
specialist registration,
and the Board shall, on receiving the application, forward a copy of
the form to the Advisory Committee, together with copies of all
accompanying documents and the fee referred to in paragraph (c).
(5) The Board may, by notice in writing, require an applicant under
subsection (1)(b) to supply the Board with information about a
matter specified in the notice.
(6) The Board shall not determine an application under
subsection (1)(b) until:
(a) it has received from the Advisory Committee its
recommendation as to whether or not the applicant should be
registered in accordance with the application; and
Part 3 Registration of veterinarians and veterinary specialists
Division 2 Registration
Veterinarians Act 1994 11
(b) the applicant has complied, to the Board's satisfaction, with a
notice under subsection (5).
(6) The Board is not bound by a recommendation of the Advisory
Committee in determining an application but it shall notify the
Advisory Committee in writing of a determination that is contrary to
a recommendation of the Committee.
(7) The Board may direct the registration of an applicant under
subsection (1)(b) as a veterinary specialist in the branch applied for,
or may refuse the application.
(8) Where the Board refuses an application under subsection (1)(b), it
shall, in writing, inform the applicant of the refusal and notify the
applicant:
(a) whether or not the Advisory Committee recommended
registration;
(b) where the Advisory Committee recommended registration – of
the Board's reasons for the refusal; and
(c) where the Advisory Committee recommended against
registration – of the Committee's reasons for its
recommendation and, if different, the Board's reasons for the
refusal.
(9) In this section, Advisory Committee means the body from time to
time recognised by the authorities responsible for the registration of
veterinary specialists in the States and Territories of the
Commonwealth as having the function of promoting uniform
standards for such registration, being the body known at the
passing of this Act by the Legislative Assembly as the Advisory
Committee on Registration of Veterinary Specialists.
16 Limited registration
(1) The Board may direct a person's registration as a veterinarian to be
limited as to one or more of the following:
(a) the period, not exceeding 2 years, for which it is to continue in
force;
(b) the veterinary services that it authorises the person to provide;
(c) the purposes for which, or the circumstances in which, it
authorises the person to provide veterinary services.
Part 3 Registration of veterinarians and veterinary specialists
Division 2 Registration
Veterinarians Act 1994 12
(2) An application for limited registration may be made to the Board by
a person who is not entitled to registration as a veterinarian under
section 13 because he or she:
(a) is not qualified within the meaning of section 13(1)(a) or is not
registered for the purpose of practising veterinary surgery or
medicine in a State or other Territory of the Commonwealth; or
(b) is so registered but is subject to a limitation under
subsection (1).
(3) An application for limited registration shall be made in accordance
with an approved form accompanied by the prescribed application
fee.
(4) Where an application for limited registration is made by a person to
whom subsection (2)(a) refers, the Board:
(a) may, by notice in writing served on the applicant, require the
applicant:
(i) to supply to the Board, within a period specified, further
information about matters specified in the notice; or
(ii) to attend the Board in person at a time and place
specified in the notice; or
(b) shall, as it thinks fit:
(i) direct that the applicant be registered as a veterinarian,
subject to one or more limitations under subsection (1);
or
(ii) refuse to make such a direction.
(5) Where the Board refuses to make a direction under
subsection (4)(b)(i), it shall, without delay, notify the applicant in
writing of the refusal and the reasons for the refusal.
(6) Where an application for limited registration is made by a person
referred to in subsection (2)(b), the Board shall direct the applicant's
registration as a veterinarian subject to a limitation corresponding to
the limitation to which the applicant's registration elsewhere in the
Commonwealth is subject.
Part 3 Registration of veterinarians and veterinary specialists
Division 3 Conditions of registration, &c.
Veterinarians Act 1994 13
17 Interim registration
(1) Where a person has applied to the Board for registration as a
veterinarian or as a veterinary specialist, if:
(a) 2 members; or
(b) the Registrar and one member,
are of the opinion that, subject to subsection (2), when the Board
considers the application, it will direct that the applicant be
registered in accordance with the application, they may in writing
authorise the applicant's interim registration as a veterinarian or as
a veterinary specialist in the branch of veterinary surgery or
medicine specified in the application.
(2) A person who is not registered as a veterinary specialist in a State
or another Territory of the Commonwealth may apply for interim
registration in a branch of veterinary surgery or medicine in the
same way as an application under section 15 and interim
registration may be authorised under subsection (1) only if the
Board has received a recommendation under section 15(6)(a) from
the Advisory Committee referred to in section 15(9) specifically
recommending the registration applied for.
(3) A person's interim registration continues in force until:
(a) he or she becomes registered in accordance with a direction
of the Board; or
(b) the Board refuses to make a direction for registration and the
person is notified in writing of the refusal and the reasons for
the refusal.
(4) After a person referred to in subsection (3)(b) has been notified of
the Board's refusal to make the direction, the Registrar shall record
on the Register that the interim registration has ceased to have
effect.
Division 3 Conditions of registration, &c.
18 Registration subject to express conditions
(1) Registration as a veterinarian shall be subject to a condition
specified in:
(a) a direction of the Board for a person's registration, including
limited registration, as a veterinarian; or
Part 3 Registration of veterinarians and veterinary specialists
Division 3 Conditions of registration, &c.
Veterinarians Act 1994 14
(b) an authorisation for a person's interim registration as a
veterinarian.
(2) Where a direction or authorisation provides for a person's
registration to be subject to a condition, the Registrar shall include
details of the condition in the Register entry.
(3) A registered veterinarian shall not contravene or fail to comply with
a condition to which his or her registration is subject.
Maximum penalty for an offence against this subsection:
500 penalty units.
19 Annual fee
(1) A registered veterinarian, other than a veterinarian having interim
registration, must, on or before 1 January in each year, pay to the
Board:
(a) the prescribed annual fee for registration as a veterinarian;
and
(b) if he or she is registered as a veterinary specialist – the
prescribed annual fee for registration as a veterinary
specialist,
for the calendar year beginning 1 January.
(2) Where a registered veterinarian fails to pay the prescribed annual
fee in accordance with subsection (1), the Registrar shall serve on
him or her a notice specifying a day on or before which the fee is to
be paid.
(3) Where a registered veterinarian on whom a notice under
subsection (2) is served fails to pay the fee on or before the day
specified in the notice, his or her registration as a veterinarian is
cancelled together with his or her registration, if any, as a veterinary
specialist, and the Registrar shall note the Register accordingly.
(4) Subsection (5) applies if a person (other than a veterinarian having
interim registration):
(a) is eligible for primary registration; and
(b) applies for registration between 1 October and 31 December
in a year.
Part 3 Registration of veterinarians and veterinary specialists
Division 4 Miscellaneous
Veterinarians Act 1994 15
(5) On payment by the person of the annual registration fee for that
year, the Board may waive the requirement for the payment of the
annual registration fee for the first calendar year after that year and
direct the Registrar to register the person.
Division 4 Miscellaneous
20 Method of effecting registration
The Registrar must register a person by recording in the Register
the prescribed entry if:
(a) one of the following applies:
(i) the Board has directed the person's registration,
including limited registration, as a veterinarian or
veterinary specialist;
(ii) the person's interim registration as a veterinarian or
veterinary specialist has been authorised under
section 17(1);
(iii) a court has, on an appeal, made an order for the
registration as a veterinarian of the person for whom the
Board refused to make a direction for registration; and
(b) the person has paid the annual registration fee.
20A Primary and secondary registration
(1) The Board must direct the Registrar to record a person's
registration as a primary registration if the Board is satisfied the
majority of the person's veterinary practice is conducted in the
Territory.
(2) The Board must direct the Registrar to enter a person's registration
as a secondary registration if the Board is satisfied:
(a) the majority of a person's veterinary practice is conducted in a
State or another Territory; and
(b) the person's registration for that State or Territory continues in
force for the period for which the person would be registered
under this section.
Part 3 Registration of veterinarians and veterinary specialists
Division 4 Miscellaneous
Veterinarians Act 1994 16
21 Certificate of registration
(1) On registering a person under section 20, the Registrar shall issue
to the person a certificate of registration that:
(a) certifies that the person:
(i) is registered or has interim registration as a veterinarian;
or
(ii) is registered or has interim registration as a veterinary
specialist in a branch of veterinary surgery or medicine
specified in the certificate; and
(aa) states whether the registration is primary or secondary; and
(b) where the person is registered with limited registration, states
the fact and specifies the respects in which the registration is
limited; and
(c) specifies any conditions to which the registration is subject or,
in the case of a person in respect of whose application the
Board refused to make a direction for registration, the order for
the person's registration made by a court on an appeal; and
(d) bears the Board's common seal.
(2) A registered veterinarian or registered veterinary specialist shall
cause his or her certificate of registration to be displayed at all
times in a conspicuous position at the place, or principal place, at or
from which he or she provides veterinary services.
Maximum penalty: 20 penalty units.
(3) It is a defence to a prosecution for an offence against
subsection (2) that the person, in compliance with subsection (4)(d)
or with sections 22(1) or 23(3) was for that reason, at the material
time, not in possession of the certificate.
(4) Where, at any time after the issue of a certificate of registration to a
registered veterinarian:
(a) a condition is imposed on his or her registration;
(b) a condition to which the registration is subject is cancelled or
varied; or
(c) where that registration is a limited registration, the limitations
to which it is subject are varied,
Part 3 Registration of veterinarians and veterinary specialists
Division 4 Miscellaneous
Veterinarians Act 1994 17
the Registrar shall:
(d) by notice in writing served on the registered veterinarian,
require him or her to deliver the certificate to the Registrar on
or before a day specified in the notice, not earlier than 14 days
after the date of service of the notice; and
(e) on receipt of the certificate, amend it appropriately and return
it without delay to the registered veterinarian.
(5) Where a person's registration under this Act is suspended or
cancelled, the Registrar shall, by notice in writing served on the
person, require the person to surrender his or her certificate of
registration to the Registrar on or before a day specified in the
notice, being a day not earlier than 14 days after service of the
notice.
(6) A person shall not refuse or fail to comply with a notice under
subsection (4)(d) or (5).
Maximum penalty: 20 penalty units.
22 Change of name, address or qualifications
(1) A registered veterinarian who changes his or her name shall notify
the Registrar in writing of the change not later than 28 days after its
occurrence, and shall send with the notification his or her certificate
of registration as a veterinarian and, if registered as a veterinary
specialist, his or her certificate of registration as a veterinary
specialist.
Maximum penalty: 20 penalty units.
(2) A registered veterinarian who:
(a) commences to provide veterinary services otherwise than on
an occasional basis at or from particular premises; or
(b) ceases to provide veterinary services otherwise than on an
occasional basis at or from particular premises that were
formerly being used by the veterinarian in connection with
veterinary services,
Part 3 Registration of veterinarians and veterinary specialists
Division 4 Miscellaneous
Veterinarians Act 1994 18
shall, not later than 28 days after commencing to use or ceasing to
use the premises for or in connection with the provision of
veterinary services, notify the Registrar in writing, specifying the full
postal address of the premises at or from which he or she is now
providing or intending to provide veterinary services otherwise than
on a casual basis and, if different, his or her address for service by
post.
Maximum penalty: 20 penalty units.
(3) On receiving a notification under subsection (1) or (2) from a
registered veterinarian, the Registrar shall:
(a) in the case of a notification of change of name – amend the
Register and the certificate or certificates of registration
accordingly and return them to the registered veterinarian;
(b) record in the Register the address of the premises as a
professional address of the registered veterinarian and the
address for service by post; or
(c) in a case referred to in subsection (2)(b) – delete the
reference to the premises from the Register.
(4) If a registered veterinarian so requests in writing, the Registrar shall
amend the Register by substituting an address specified in the
request for the address recorded as the veterinarian's address for
service.
(5) A registered veterinarian may, in writing, request the Registrar to
amend the Register by adding a professional qualification specified
in the request to a qualification recorded in respect of the
veterinarian, and the Registrar shall comply with the request if
satisfied that the veterinarian is entitled to the additional
qualification.
23 Cancellation of registration at request
(1) If:
(a) a registered veterinarian requests, in writing, the Registrar to
cancel his or her registration as a veterinarian together with
his or her registration, if any, as a veterinary specialist; or
(b) a registered veterinary specialist requests, in writing, the
Registrar to cancel his or her registration as a veterinary
specialist,
the Registrar shall, subject to subsection (2), comply with the
request.
Part 4 Offences of practising unregistered, &c.
Veterinarians Act 1994 19
(2) The Registrar shall not consider a request under subsection (1)
unless it is accompanied by the certificate of registration relating to
the registration to be cancelled.
(3) The Registrar shall cancel a registration pursuant to this section by
entering on the Register that it is cancelled and the date on which
the entry is made.
Part 4 Offences of practising unregistered, &c.
24 Provision of services by unregistered, &c., persons
(1) Subject to subsection (3), a person shall not provide a veterinary
service unless the person is a registered veterinarian.
Maximum penalty: 500 penalty units.
(2) Subject to subsection (3), a person having limited registration:
(a) where the registration limits the veterinary services that the
person is authorised to provide – shall not provide a veterinary
service that the person is not authorised to provide under the
registration; or
(b) where the registration limits the purposes for which, or the
circumstances in which, the person is authorised to provide
veterinary services – shall not provide a veterinary service for
a purpose, or in circumstances, that is or are not authorised by
the registration.
Maximum penalty: 500 penalty units.
(3) The Regulations may exclude from the operation of subsections (1)
and (2) the provision of veterinary services, or of a class or
description of veterinary services, in specified cases, being cases
specified by reference to the class or description of persons
providing the services, the circumstances in which the services are
provided, or both such matters, and accordingly those subsections
do not apply.
25 Falsely holding out as registered, &c.
(1) A person who is not a registered veterinarian shall not do anything,
or cause or permit anything to be done, that is likely to cause
another person to believe on reasonable grounds that the first-
mentioned person is a registered veterinarian or is otherwise
authorised to provide veterinary services in the Territory.
Maximum penalty: 500 penalty units.
Part 5 Disciplinary proceedings
Veterinarians Act 1994 20
(2) A person who is not a registered veterinary specialist shall not do
anything, or cause or permit anything to be done, that is likely to
cause another person to believe on reasonable grounds that the
first-mentioned person is a registered veterinary specialist.
Maximum penalty: 500 penalty units.
(3) A person who is a registered veterinary specialist shall not do
anything, or cause or permit anything to be done, that is likely to
cause another person to believe on reasonable grounds that the
first-mentioned person is registered as a specialist in a branch of
veterinary surgery or medicine other than that in which he or she is
in fact registered.
Maximum penalty: 500 penalty units.
(4) A person shall not hold out:
(a) a person who is not a registered veterinarian as being either a
registered veterinarian or otherwise authorised to provide
veterinary services in the Territory;
(b) a person who is not a registered veterinary specialist as being
a registered veterinary specialist; or
(c) a person who is a registered veterinary specialist as being
registered as a specialist in a branch of veterinary surgery or
medicine other than that in which he or she is in fact
registered.
Maximum penalty: 500 penalty units.
Part 5 Disciplinary proceedings
26 Complaints against registered veterinarians
(1) A person may make a complaint to the Board against a registered
veterinarian on the ground that the veterinarian:
(a) has been guilty of misconduct;
(b) is guilty of habitual drunkenness, or of addiction to a drug that
adversely affects his or her ability to provide veterinary
services;
(c) has been found guilty:
(i) in the Territory, of an offence punishable on conviction
by imprisonment for 6 months or more; or
Part 5 Disciplinary proceedings
Veterinarians Act 1994 21
(ii) elsewhere, of an offence that would have been an
offence so punishable had it been committed in the
Territory;
(d) has been found guilty of an offence against the Poisons and
Dangerous Drugs Act 1983 or Medicines, Poisons and
Therapeutic Goods Act 2012;
(e) has been found guilty of an offence under the Animal
Protection Act 2018;
(f) made a false or misleading statement in connection with his or
her application for registration as a veterinarian or as a
veterinary specialist; or
(g) having obtained registration as a veterinarian under
section 13(1)(a), provided veterinary services while being no
longer qualified, within the meaning of that subsection, to do
so.
(2) A complaint under this section shall be in writing and shall:
(a) state the complainant's full name, and an address for the
service of notices or other documents on the complainant;
(b) clearly identify the registered veterinarian against whom the
complaint is made;
(c) contain particulars of the matter complained of; and
(d) be accompanied by the prescribed fee, if any.
(3) A complaint may only be made against a registered veterinarian if
the grounds on which the complaint is made arose within the
2 years immediately before the making of the complaint.
27 Complaints of misconduct against persons formerly registered
(1) A person may make a complaint to the Board against a person
formerly registered under this Act on the ground that that person
was, as a registered veterinarian, guilty of misconduct during the
period of 6 months immediately preceding the making of the
complaint.
(2) A complaint under this section shall be in writing, and shall:
(a) state the complainant's full name and an address for the
service on the complainant of notices or other documents;
Part 5 Disciplinary proceedings
Veterinarians Act 1994 22
(b) clearly identify the person against whom the complaint is
made;
(c) contain particulars of the misconduct complained of; and
(d) be accompanied by the prescribed fee, if any.
28 Meaning of misconduct
(1) For the purposes of this Act, a registered veterinarian or a person
formerly registered under this Act is guilty of misconduct if he or
she:
(a) is guilty of improper or unethical conduct, or is incompetent or
negligent, in or in connection with the provision of a veterinary
service;
(b) contravenes or fails to comply with this Act, a prescribed code
of conduct or a condition to which his or her registration is
subject; or
(c) uses in connection with the provision of veterinary services a
qualification or title relating to his or her competence to
provide such services that is not shown in his or her entry in
the Register.
(2) For the purposes of subsection (1)(a), a registered veterinarian or a
person formerly registered under this Act is taken to be incompetent
if he or she is unable or fails to uphold or maintain contemporary
professional standards.
29 Board to investigate complaint
(1) Subject to subsection (5), if a complaint is made under section 26
or 27, the Board must serve on the person against whom the
complaint is made a notice of investigation.
(2) A notice of investigation under subsection (1) is to:
(a) inform the person on whom it is served:
(i) that a complaint has been made against him or her;
(ii) of the grounds of the complaint; and
(iii) of the particulars contained in the complaint;
(b) state that the Board proposes to carry out an investigation into
the complaint;
Part 5 Disciplinary proceedings
Veterinarians Act 1994 23
(c) specify a date, being a date not earlier than 28 days after the
notice is served, by which the Board is to complete the
investigation; and
(d) inform the person of the right conferred on him or her by
section 31A(2) and the date, being a date not earlier than
7 days after the notice is served, by which the person must
make his or her submission to the Board.
(3) If the Board serves a notice of investigation on a person, it must:
(a) send a copy of the notice to the complainant; and
(b) inform the complainant in writing that the notice has been
served.
(4) If the Board serves a notice of investigation on a person, the Board
must:
(a) carry out an investigation into the complaint; and
(b) complete the investigation by the date specified in the notice
or by a later date fixed by the Board.
(5) If the Board fixes a later date under subsection (4)(b) it must serve
written notice of the date on the complainant and the person on
whom the notice of investigation was served.
(6) If a complaint appears to the Board to be frivolous, vexatious or
minor, the Board must dismiss the complaint and serve the
complainant with written notice of its dismissal.
30 Board may carry out investigation on own initiative
(1) If the Board is, otherwise than by reason of a complaint made to it
under this Part, of the opinion:
(a) in the case of a registered veterinarian – that a complaint may
lie against him or her on a ground specified in section 26(1); or
(b) in the case of a person formerly registered under this Act –
that the person may have been guilty of misconduct when he
or she was a registered veterinarian,
the Board may serve on him or her a notice of investigation in
accordance with subsection (3).
(2) A notice of investigation served on a person formerly registered
under this Act may relate only to misconduct during the period of
2 years immediately before the date on which the notice is served.
Part 5 Disciplinary proceedings
Veterinarians Act 1994 24
(3) A notice of investigation under this section is to:
(a) inform the person on whom it is served of the Board's opinion
and the reason for the Board's opinion and, in a case to which
subsection (1)(a) refers, is to specify the ground of complaint;
(b) state that the Board proposes to carry out an investigation into
the matter;
(c) specify the date, being a date not earlier than 28 days after
the notice is served, by which the Board is to complete the
investigation; and
(d) inform the person of the right conferred on him or her by
section 31A(2) and the date, being a date not earlier than
7 days after the notice is served, by which the person must
make his or her submission to the Board.
(4) If the Board serves a notice of investigation under this section, it
must:
(a) carry out an investigation; and
(b) complete the investigation by the date specified in the notice
or by a later date fixed by the Board.
(5) If the Board fixes a later date under subsection (4)(b) it must serve
written notice of the date on the person on whom the notice of
investigation was served.
31 Board may suspend registration
(1) If the Board serves a notice of investigation on a registered
veterinarian, it may, if it considers it in the public interest:
(a) in the notice; or
(b) by another notice served on the registered veterinarian,
suspend the registered veterinarian's registration from the date of
service of the notice.
(2) A notice under subsection (1)(b) may be served at any stage during
the Board's proceedings in relation to the notice of investigation.
(3) The suspension remains in force:
(a) until the Board certifies, by notice served on the registered
veterinarian, that his or her suspension is cancelled; or
Part 5 Disciplinary proceedings
Veterinarians Act 1994 25
(b) in relation to a matter under investigation that proceeds to a
hearing – until the hearing is concluded and a notice is served
on the registered veterinarian under section 33(1),
whichever is the earlier.
31A Procedure of investigation
(1) An investigation under this Part is to be conducted by the Board in
the manner the Board thinks fit.
(2) The person in relation to whom the investigation is to be carried out
is entitled to make written submissions to the Board for the
purposes of the investigation.
31B Completion of investigation
(1) If a complaint was made under section 26 or 27, the Board must
complete an investigation by determining:
(a) that the complaint is dismissed and take no further action;
(b) if satisfied that there is prima facie evidence to substantiate
the complaint – that the Board will proceed to a hearing; or
(c) if satisfied that a ground specified in section 26(1) has been
established against a registered veterinarian – that the Board
will reprimand or caution the veterinarian and take no further
action.
(2) If the Board served a notice under section 30, the Board must
complete an investigation by determining that the Board:
(a) will take no further action;
(b) will proceed to a hearing; or
(c) will reprimand or caution the person to whom the notice
relates and take no further action.
(3) The Board must, not later than 28 days after completing an
investigation, serve notice of the determination on the complainant,
if any, and the person in relation to whom the investigation was
carried out.
(4) If the Board determines to reprimand or caution a person, a notice
under subsection (3) is to contain:
(a) the reprimand or caution; and
(b) the reasons for the Board's decision.
Part 5 Disciplinary proceedings
Veterinarians Act 1994 26
(5) If:
(a) the registration of a person in relation to whom an
investigation was carried out was suspended under
section 31; and
(b) the Board determines that it will not take further action,
the Board must certify that the suspension is cancelled.
(6) A decision by the Board under subsection (1) or (2) to take no
further action in relation to an investigation of a matter does not
prevent the Board from reinvestigating the matter at a later date if:
(a) the circumstances of the matter have changed; or
(b) the Board receives new information in relation to the matter.
31C Person who is reprimanded or cautioned may require hearing
(1) If the person to whom an investigation relates receives a notice
under section 31B(3) reprimanding or cautioning him or her, he or
she may in writing request the Board to proceed to a hearing.
(2) The Board must proceed to a hearing if it receives a request under
subsection (1).
31D Notice of hearing
(1) If:
(a) the Board has determined under section 31B(1) that it is to
proceed to a hearing; or
(b) the Board must proceed to a hearing under section 31C(2),
the Board must serve a notice of hearing on the person in relation
to whom the hearing is to be held.
(2) A notice of hearing is to:
(a) specify the time and place of the hearing; and
(b) inform the person of the rights conferred on him or her by
section 32(5).
(3) The time specified in the notice of hearing is not, without the
consent of the person on whom the notice is served, to be less than
14 days after the date of service of the notice.
Part 5 Disciplinary proceedings
Veterinarians Act 1994 27
(4) If:
(a) the Board has served a notice of hearing; and
(b) the hearing is a result of a complaint made to the Board under
section 26 or 27,
the Board must:
(c) send a copy of the notice to the complainant; and
(d) inform the complainant in writing that he or she is entitled to
attend the hearing and of the rights conferred by section 32(5)
on the person on whom the notice of hearing was served.
(5) The Board must hold the hearing:
(a) at the time and place specified in the notice of hearing; or
(b) at a later time or other place fixed by the Board.
(6) If the Board fixes a later date or other place under subsection (5)(b)
it must serve written notice of the date or place on the complainant,
if any, and the person on whom the notice of hearing was served.
32 Procedure at inquiry
(1) The Board may, by notice in writing served on a person, summon
the person to give evidence at a hearing under this Part, or to
produce at the hearing documents or records in the person's
possession or under his or her control.
(2) A person shall not, without reasonable excuse, refuse or fail to
comply with a notice served under subsection (1).
Maximum penalty: 100 penalty units.
(3) The Board may require a person appearing before it to give
evidence on oath.
(4) A person shall not, without reasonable excuse, refuse or fail to
answer a question put to the person by the Board in the course of a
hearing.
Maximum penalty: 100 penalty units.
(5) The person in relation to whom an inquiry is held is entitled:
(a) to be advised at the hearing by a legal practitioner but is not
entitled to legal representation; and
Part 5 Disciplinary proceedings
Veterinarians Act 1994 28
(b) to give evidence or call and to examine any other person who
gives evidence at the hearing; and
(c) with the leave of the Board, to summon witnesses.
(6) The Board shall not refuse leave to summon a witness to give
evidence at a hearing unless that would, in its opinion, delay
unreasonably the conclusion of the hearing.
(7) The Board:
(a) shall conduct a hearing with as little formality and technicality,
and with as much expedition, as a proper consideration of the
matter before it permits; and
(b) is not bound by any rules or practice as to evidence, but may
inform itself on a matter as it thinks fit.
(8) The Board may appoint a legal practitioner to assist it in a hearing
but is not entitled to legal representation.
(9) The Board may hold a hearing in the absence of the person in
relation to whom it is held if it is satisfied that he or she was served
in accordance with section 31D with a notice of the time and place
of the inquiry.
(10) The Board may adjourn its proceedings from time to time or from
place to place, and may determine a hearing notwithstanding that a
party to the proceedings has failed to appear at the time and place
fixed for the hearing.
33 Board's findings at hearing
(1) The Board must, at the conclusion of a hearing:
(a) record its findings in writing;
(b) not later than 28 days after the conclusion – serve on the
person in relation to whom the hearing was held a written
notice stating the findings; and
(c) specify in the notice the disciplinary action, if any, to be taken
under section 34.
(3) Where the hearing resulted from a complaint under section 26
or 27, the Registrar shall send to the complainant a copy of the
Board's notice under subsection (1)(b).
Part 5 Disciplinary proceedings
Veterinarians Act 1994 29
(4) The Board may cause to be published in a newspaper or other
publication circulating in the Territory the reasons for a hearing and
its findings.
(5) The Board may refund to the complainant, wholly or in part, the fee,
if any, that accompanied the complaint.
34 Disciplinary action
(1) Where at a hearing held under this Part in respect of a registered
veterinarian the Board finds a ground specified in section 26(1) to
have been established, it may, in a notice under section 33(1)
served on the veterinarian do one or more of the following:
(a) reprimand or caution the veterinarian;
(b) impose a condition to which the veterinarian's registration is to
be subject, or vary a condition to which the registration is
already subject;
(c) require the veterinarian to pay to the Board, within a specified
time, a fine not exceeding 200 penalty units;
(d) require the veterinarian to pay to a complainant, within a
specified time, a specified amount by way of compensation for
any loss or detriment suffered by the complainant;
(e) suspend for a specified period not exceeding 5 years:
(i) the veterinarian's registration together with his or her
registration, if any, as a veterinary specialist; or
(ii) where the veterinarian is registered as a veterinary
specialist, that registration only;
(f) cancel:
(i) the veterinarian's registration together with his or her
registration, if any, as a veterinary specialist; or
(ii) where the veterinarian is registered as a veterinary
specialist, that registration only;
(g) require the veterinarian:
(i) to pay to the Board, within a specified time, a specified
amount in respect of the costs incurred by the Board in
connection with the hearing; or
Part 5 Disciplinary proceedings
Veterinarians Act 1994 30
(ii) to pay to a complainant, within a specified time, a
specified amount in respect of any reasonable costs
incurred by the complainant in connection with the
making of his or her complaint or the hearing.
(2) Where, at a hearing under this Part in respect of a person formerly
registered under this Act, the Board finds that the person has, as a
registered veterinarian, been guilty of misconduct within the time
limited by section 27(1) or 30(2), it may by a notice under
section 33(1) served on the person, do in relation to him or her all
or any of the things authorised by subsection (1)(a), (c), (d) and (g)
to be done in relation to a registered veterinarian.
(3) If the Board in a notice under section 33(1):
(a) cancels a veterinarian's registration; or
(b) takes action under subsection (2),
it may, by the notice, specify a date before which the person to
whom the notice relates is not eligible to make an application for
registration and the Board is not obliged to consider an application
made by the person before that date.
35 Supplementary provisions
(1) Where a notice under section 33(1):
(a) imposes a condition to which a registration is to be subject or
varies a condition to which a registration is already subject; or
(b) suspends or cancels a registration,
the notice takes effect from the time of its service, and the Registrar
shall note the Register accordingly.
(2) Where a notice under section 33(1) requires the person on whom it
is served to pay a fine to the Board, an amount by way of
compensation to a complainant, or an amount in respect of costs to
the Board or a complainant, and the fine or amount is not paid
within the time specified in the notice:
(a) the Board or the complainant, as the case may be, may
recover the fine or amount from the person as a debt due and
payable; and
(b) where that person is a registered veterinarian, the Board may
if it thinks fit, by notice in writing served on him or her,
suspend his or her registration, together with his or her
registration, if any, as a veterinary specialist, until the fine or
Part 6 Appeals
Veterinarians Act 1994 31
amount is paid.
(3) The suspension of a registration by a notice under subsection (2)(b)
shall take effect on the service of the notice, and the Registrar shall:
(a) note the suspension on the Register; and
(b) on being satisfied that the fine or amount in question has been
paid, note on the Register that the suspension has ceased to
have effect.
Part 6 Appeals
36 Appeal to Local Court
(1) An appeal to the Local Court lies under this Part as follows:
(a) an applicant for registration as a veterinarian under section 13
whose application the Board refuses because it is not satisfied
that the applicant is a fit and proper person to provide
veterinary services in the Territory may, within 28 days after
the date on which notice of the refusal is given pursuant to
section 12(2), appeal against the refusal;
(b) a registered veterinarian whose registration is subject to a
condition imposed under section 18(1) may, within 28 days
after the date on which his or her certificate of registration is
issued, appeal against the condition;
(c) a person in relation to whom a hearing is held under Part 5
may, within 28 days after the service on him or her of a notice
under section 33(1), appeal against any or all of the following:
(i) a finding stated in the notice;
(ii) a requirement of, or action, if any, effected by the notice.
(2) The Local Court may, on an application made by a person on whom
a right of appeal is conferred by subsection (1), within the period
allowed for bringing the appeal, extend or further extend the period
during which the appeal may be brought.
(3) An appeal to the Local Court against a finding of the Board shall,
unless the Court otherwise directs, be by way of rehearing.
Part 6 Appeals
Veterinarians Act 1994 32
37 Powers of Local Court on appeal
(1) On an appeal under section 36(1)(a), the Local Court may, by
order:
(a) direct that the appellant be registered, with or without
conditions, as a veterinarian under section 13; or
(b) dismiss the appeal.
(2) On an appeal under section 36(1)(b), the Local Court may, by
order:
(a) confirm a condition appealed against;
(b) cancel a condition; or
(c) vary a condition in a manner specified in the order.
(3) On an appeal under section 36(1)(c), the Local Court may, by
order:
(a) confirm or quash a finding stated in a notice under
section 33(1);
(b) confirm or quash a requirement of or action effected by notice
under section 33(1); or
(c) exercise a power of the Board under section 34.
38 Entries in register, &c.
(1) The Registrar shall make the entries in the Register as are
appropriate by reason of an order made by the Local Court on an
appeal under this Part or, on a further appeal, by the Supreme
Court.
(2) Where:
(a) an order of a Court requires a registered veterinarian to pay a
fine to the Board, an amount by way of compensation to a
complainant or an amount in respect of costs to the Board or a
complainant; and
(b) the amount is not paid in accordance with the order,
the Board may, if it thinks fit, by notice in writing served on the
registered veterinarian, suspend his or her registration, together
with his or her registration, if any, as a veterinary specialist, until the
fine or amount is paid.
Part 7 Miscellaneous
Division 1 Enforcement provisions
Veterinarians Act 1994 33
(3) The suspension of a registration by a notice under subsection (2)
shall take effect on the service of the notice, and the Registrar shall:
(a) note the suspension on the Register; and
(b) on being satisfied that the fine or amount in question has been
paid, note on the Register that the suspension has ceased to
have effect.
(4) Where:
(a) the Board has found a person to have been guilty of
misconduct, and has published a notice of its finding under
section 33(4); and
(b) the finding is quashed by a court on appeal,
the Board shall publish a notice, in a manner similar to the notice
published under section 33(4), advising that its finding has been
quashed by the Court.
Part 7 Miscellaneous
Division 1 Enforcement provisions
39 Inspectors for purposes of Act
(1) Each member of the Board, and such other persons as the
President, by instrument, appoints to be inspectors, are inspectors
for the purposes of this Act.
(2) The Registrar shall issue to each member and person appointed
under subsection (1) an identity card containing a photograph of the
member or person and his or her signature, verified by the
signature of the Registrar, and a statement to the effect that the
member or person is an inspector for the purposes of this Act and
entitled to exercise the powers conferred by section 40.
(3) A person who ceases to be a member, or whose appointment as an
inspector is terminated, shall surrender to the Registrar the identity
card issued to him or her under subsection (2).
Maximum penalty for an offence against subsection (3): 20 penalty
units.
Part 7 Miscellaneous
Division 1 Enforcement provisions
Veterinarians Act 1994 34
40 Powers of inspectors and persons assisting inspectors
(1) For the purpose of:
(a) ascertaining whether a person:
(i) has contravened or failed to comply with, or is
contravening or failing to comply with, this Act; or
(ii) being a registered veterinarian, has contravened or
failed to comply with, or is contravening or failing to
comply with, a condition to which his or her registration
is subject;
(b) investigating on behalf of the Board a matter that is the subject
of an investigation or hearing under Part 5; or
(c) under the direction of the Board, investigating any other
matter,
an inspector may at a reasonable time:
(d) enter and inspect any premises (not being premises that are
principally residential premises) that the inspector believes on
reasonable grounds are used for or in connection with the
provision of veterinary services;
(e) examine any records or other documents, or any apparatus,
device or other article, found on the premises;
(f) open and examine the contents of:
(i) a package; or
(ii) an unlocked container, cupboard, drawer, chest, trunk,
box, cage or other receptacle,
found on the premises;
(g) require a person on the premises to unlock a locked part of, or
a locked container, cupboard, drawer, chest, trunk, box, cage
or other receptacle on the premises; and
(h) require a person on the premises to answer questions put by
the inspector or to explain a record or other document
examined by the inspector.
(2) An inspector may take copies of or extracts from a record or other
document found on premises entered by the inspector in the
exercise of the inspector's powers under subsection (1), and may
Part 7 Miscellaneous
Division 1 Enforcement provisions
Veterinarians Act 1994 35
for that purpose take possession of a record or document and
remove it from the premises for such time as is reasonable.
(3) An inspector who enters premises in pursuance of this section is
not authorised to remain on the premises if, on the request of a
person apparently in charge of the premises, the inspector does not
produce the identity card issued under section 39(2).
(4) An inspector may request a person to assist the inspector in the
exercise of his or her powers under this section, and a person
assisting the inspector in response to such a request has all the
power and protection of the inspector under this section as are
reasonably necessary for the purpose.
41 Obstructing, &c., of inspectors
(1) A person shall not:
(a) resist or obstruct, or incite or encourage another person or an
animal to resist or obstruct, an inspector or person assisting
an inspector in the exercise of a power under section 40; or
(b) use threatening language, or behave in a threatening manner,
towards an inspector or person assisting an inspector while
exercising such a power.
Maximum penalty: 100 penalty units or imprisonment for
6 months.
(2) A person who refuses or fails to comply with a requirement of an
inspector or person assisting an inspector made in the exercise of a
power under section 40, to the extent that he or she is capable of
complying with the requirement, is guilty of an offence.
Maximum penalty: 100 penalty units.
(3) A person is not excused from answering a question or giving an
explanation required by an inspector or person assisting an
inspector on the grounds that the answer or explanation might tend
to incriminate him or her, but an answer or explanation so given is
not admissible in criminal proceedings against the person other
than proceedings for an offence against this Act.
(4) A person who:
(a) is required by an inspector or person assisting an inspector, in
the exercise of a power under section 40, to answer a
question or give an explanation; and
Part 7 Miscellaneous
Division 2 Miscellaneous offences
Veterinarians Act 1994 36
(b) gives an answer or explanation that is false or misleading in a
material particular,
is guilty of an offence.
Maximum penalty: 100 penalty units.
42 Personation
A person shall not personate or falsely claim to be an inspector or a
person lawfully assisting an inspector.
Maximum penalty: 400 penalty units or imprisonment for
2 years.
Division 2 Miscellaneous offences
43 False or misleading statements
(1) A person shall not in an advertisement or notice relating to the
provision of veterinary services by the person, make a statement or
representation that is false or misleading by reason of the inclusion
of any false or misleading matter or the omission of a material
matter.
Maximum penalty: 400 penalty units or imprisonment for
2 years.
(2) It is a defence to a prosecution for an offence against
subsection (1) if the person proves that, at the time when the
statement or representation was made, he or she believed on
reasonable grounds that:
(a) the false matter was true or that it was not misleading; or
(b) no material matter had been omitted or the omitted matter was
not material.
44 Unauthorised alteration of Register or certificate of registration
A person other than the Registrar or a person authorised by the
Registrar shall not:
(a) make or alter an entry in the Register; or
(b) alter a certificate of registration.
Maximum penalty: 400 penalty units or imprisonment for
2 years.
Part 7 Miscellaneous
Division 3 General
Veterinarians Act 1994 37
45 Registered veterinarian to notify Board of civil claims
Where a person has claimed damages or other compensation from
a registered veterinarian for alleged negligence or other misconduct
in the provision of veterinary services, the veterinarian shall, not
later than 28 days after:
(a) being ordered by a court to pay damages or compensation in
respect of the claim; or
(b) making an agreement to pay an amount of money in
settlement of the claim, whether with or without a denial of
liability,
inform the Board in writing of the claim and of the terms of the order
or agreement.
Maximum penalty: 20 penalty units.
Division 3 General
46 Alteration, &c., of conditions of application
The Board may, if it thinks fit, on the application in writing of a
registered veterinarian, direct that a condition to which his or her
registration is subject be varied as specified in the direction or
cancelled, and the Registrar shall note the Register accordingly.
47 Effect to be given to interstate suspensions, &c.
(1) Where a person's registration under this Act as a veterinarian or as
a veterinary specialist is founded on a registration (the founding
registration) in a State or other Territory of the Commonwealth,
and:
(a) the founding registration is suspended or cancelled; or
(b) where the founding registration is subject to limitations – the
limitations are varied,
the Board shall, by notice in writing served on the person, suspend
or cancel the registration, or vary the limitations, to correspond with
the founding registration.
(2) A notice under subsection (1) shall take effect on the date of
service and the Registrar shall note the Register accordingly.
Part 7 Miscellaneous
Division 3 General
Veterinarians Act 1994 38
48 Power of Board to annul suspension, &c., of registration
Where a person's registration has been suspended or cancelled by
or under this Act, the Board may, whether or not on application of
the person:
(a) at any time; and
(b) for a reason that the Board considers sufficient,
annul the suspension or cancellation, and the Registrar shall note
the Register accordingly.
49 Confidentiality
A person shall not divulge or communicate information that he or
she acquires by reason of being engaged or employed or otherwise
concerned in, or in connection with, the administration or
enforcement of this Act except:
(a) with the consent of the person from whom the information was
obtained; or
(b) in connection with the administration or enforcement of this
Act.
Maximum penalty: 200 penalty units or imprisonment for
12 months.
50 Protection for things done under Act
No action or proceeding lies against a person engaged or employed
or otherwise concerned in, or in connection with, the administration
or enforcement of this Act for or in respect of anything done or
omitted to be done by the person in good faith in the exercise or
purported exercise of a power, or the performance or purported
performance of a function, under this Act.
51 Evidentiary certificates
A document purporting to be signed by the Registrar and certifying
that a specified person:
(a) was or was not, on a specified day or during a specified
period, a registered veterinarian, a registered veterinary
specialist or a registered veterinary specialist in a specified
branch of veterinary surgery or medicine; or
Part 7 Miscellaneous
Division 3 General
Veterinarians Act 1994 39
(b) was, on a specified day or during a specified period, a person
whose registration as a registered veterinarian or veterinary
specialist was suspended or cancelled,
is admissible in evidence in any legal proceedings, and is evidence
of the matter certified.
52 Service of notices, &c.
Where by this Act a notice or other document is required or
authorised to be served on or given to a person, it may be served or
given:
(a) by delivering it to the person personally; or
(b) by sending it by prepaid post:
(i) in the case of a registered veterinarian – to his or her
address for service as noted in the Register;
(ii) in the case of a person who has made a complaint to the
Board under section 27 or 28 – to his or her address for
service as stated in the complaint; or
(iii) in the case of any other person – to his or her last known
place of residence.
53 Regulations
(1) The Administrator may make regulations, not inconsistent with this
Act, prescribing matters:
(a) required or permitted by this Act to be prescribed; or
(b) necessary or convenient to be prescribed for carrying out or
giving effect to this Act.
(2) The Regulations may prescribe the following:
(a) the branches of veterinary surgery or medicine in which a
person may be registered as a veterinary specialist;
(b) fees payable under this Act;
(c) a fine not exceeding 200 penalty units for an offence against
the Regulations.
(3) The Regulations may prescribe a code of conduct for registered
veterinarians, and may include a penalty, not exceeding
200 penalty units, for a contravention of or failure to comply with, a
specified provision of the code.
Part 8 Repeals, savings and transitional provisions
Veterinarians Act 1994 40
(4) Regulations declaring services not to be veterinary services within
the meaning of this Act may, to the extent that they so provide, be
extended or varied by the Minister by notice in the Gazette.
Part 8 Repeals, savings and transitional provisions
54 Repealed Acts
The Acts specified in Schedule 3 are repealed.
55 Savings and transitional provisions
Schedule 4 has effect.
Schedule 1 Further provisions with respect to appointed members and elected members
Veterinarians Act 1994 41
Schedule 1 Further provisions with respect to appointed
members and elected members
section 5(8)
Terms of office
(1) Subject to this Schedule, an appointed member holds office for
such period, not exceeding 3 years, as is specified in his or her
instrument of appointment, but is eligible for reappointment.
(2) Subject to this Schedule, an elected member holds office for
3 years on and from the date on which the person's election is
declared and is eligible for re-election.
(3) On the expiry of an elected member's or an appointed member's
period of office, the member continues to hold office until the
commencement of another appointment or election, as the case
may be, to that office.
Vacation of office
A member may resign office by writing signed by him or her and
delivered to the Minister.
Grounds for removal from office
(1) The Minister may remove a member from office if the member:
(a) is absent without leave of the Board from 2 consecutive
meetings of the Board of which reasonable notice was given
to the member either personally or by post;
(b) is found guilty:
(i) in the Territory, of an offence punishable by
imprisonment for 6 months or more; or
(ii) elsewhere, of an offence that would have been an
offence so punishable if it had been committed in the
Territory;
(c) is found guilty of an offence under the Poisons and Dangerous
Drugs Act 1983, Medicines, Poisons and Therapeutic Goods
Act 2012 or Animal Protection Act 2018;
(d) is, in the opinion of the Minister, incapable of fulfilling his or
her duties satisfactorily;
Schedule 1 Further provisions with respect to appointed members and elected members
Veterinarians Act 1994 42
(e) is found by the Board, after it has held a hearing under Part 5,
to be guilty of misconduct; or
(f) has failed, without reasonable excuse or the permission of the
Board, to attend 3 consecutive meetings of the Board.
(2) The Minister must notify the Board of the removal from office of an
elected member.
(3) A person ceases to be a member if he or she ceases to reside in
the Territory.
(4) An elected member ceases to be a member on ceasing to be a
registered veterinarian.
(5) A member who is a registered veterinarian ceases to be a member
if he or she is found by the Board to not be a fit and proper person
to provide veterinary services in the Territory.
(6) The Board may regard a person as not a fit and proper person to
provide veterinary services in the Territory if the Board holds an
opinion in relation to the person of a kind specified in section 13(2).
(7) The Registrar must notify the Minister if a member ceases to be a
member under subclause (4) or (5).
(8) If:
(a) a vacancy occurs in the office of an elected member otherwise
than by the expiry of the term for which the member was
elected; and
(b) the balance of the term is less than 6 months,
the Registrar must request the Minister to advise whether the
Minister intends to appoint a person to the office under clause 4(1).
(9) The Minister must, within 14 days after receiving a request under
subclause (8), notify the Registrar that:
(a) the Minister intends to appoint a person to the office under
clause 4(1); or
(b) an election is required to be held.
Schedule 1 Further provisions with respect to appointed members and elected members
Veterinarians Act 1994 43
4. Filling of casual vacancies
(1) Subject to subclause (5), if a vacancy occurs in the office of a
member other than by the expiry of the term for which the member
was appointed or elected, the Minister may appoint a person who is
resident in the Territory to the vacant office for the balance of that
term.
(2) A person appointed under subclause (1) must, in the case of a
vacancy in the office of:
(a) a member elected for the purposes of section 5(1)(b) – be a
registered veterinarian; or
(b) a member appointed under section 5(1)(c)(i) – be a person
who, in the opinion of the Minister, is capable of representing
the interests of users of veterinary services.
(3) The Minister must, before appointing a person to be a member
under subclause (1), seek the recommendation of the Board as to
the person who should be appointed under this clause, unless the
Board has already given its recommendation to the Minister.
(4) A person appointed under subclause (1):
(a) in the place of a person who was appointed to be a member –
is to be taken to be an appointed member; or
(b) in the place of a person who was elected to be a member – is
to be taken to be an elected member,
for the purposes of this Act.
(5) If:
(a) a vacancy occurs in the office of an elected member otherwise
than by the expiry of the term for which the member was
elected; and
(b) the balance of the term is more than 6 months,
an election is to be held for the purposes of section 5(1)(b) to fill the
vacant office of the member.
5. Resignation of Vice-President
The Vice-President may resign office as Vice-President by writing
signed by him or her and delivered to the Minister.
Schedule 1 Further provisions with respect to appointed members and elected members
Veterinarians Act 1994 44
6. Deputies of members
(1) Subject to subclause (2), the Minister may appoint a person to be a
deputy of a member during the Minister's pleasure.
(2) A person appointed to be a deputy of a member shall have the
same qualifications for membership as the member in respect of
whom the appointment of deputy is made.
(3) A deputy of a member may act in the member's place:
(a) during a period when the member is absent from his or her
office through illness or any other cause; or
(b) if the member is unable or unwilling for any reason to act as a
member in relation to a particular matter – in relation to the
matter.
(4) For the purposes of subclause (3)(a), a member shall be deemed to
be absent from his or her office:
(a) if there is a vacancy in the office that has not been filled by an
appointment under clause 4(1); or
(b) while he or she is acting in the office of President.
(5) A deputy while acting as deputy of a member may perform the
functions and exercise the powers of the member.
(6) A deputy may at any time resign office by writing signed by him or
her and delivered to the Minister.
Schedule 2 Meetings and proceedings of Board
Veterinarians Act 1994 45
Schedule 2 Meetings and proceedings of Board
section 7
Meetings
(1) The President shall call such meetings of the Board as are
necessary for the exercise of its powers and the performance of its
functions.
(2) The Minister may, at any time, direct the President to convene a
meeting of the Board and the President shall convene a meeting in
accordance with the direction.
(3) At a meeting of the Board, the President or, in his or her absence
the Vice-President, shall preside and in the absence of both, the
members shall elect one of their number to act as President and
that person may exercise the powers and shall perform the
functions of the President for that meeting.
(4) The quorum for a meeting of the Board is 3, of whom one shall be
an elected member.
(5) Questions arising at a meeting of the Board shall be decided by a
majority of the votes of the members present and voting, and the
member presiding at the meeting shall have both a deliberative vote
and a casting vote.
(6) The President may invite a person to attend a meeting of the Board
for the purpose of assisting or advising the Board in its
deliberations, but a person attending by invitation is not included
towards a quorum for the meeting and is not entitled to vote.
(7) Where a meeting of the Board is concerned with a matter arising
under Part 5 in relation to a member, the member shall not be
present at the meeting in his or her capacity as a member, and
shall not act in that capacity in respect of the matter.
(8) The Board shall cause to be kept full and accurate minutes of its
meetings.
(9) Subject to this clause, the procedure at meetings of the Board shall
be as decided by the Board.
Committees
(1) The Board may establish a committee to advise it on a matter.
Schedule 2 Meetings and proceedings of Board
Veterinarians Act 1994 46
(2) The Board may appoint persons who are not members to be
members of a committee, but the membership of a committee shall
comprise at least one member of the Board.
3. Validity of proceedings
A proceeding or decision of the Board is not invalid by reason only
of:
(a) a defect or irregularity relating to the appointment of a member
or a deputy of a member; or
(b) a deputy of a member having acted in the place of the
member when the occasion for him or her to do so had not
arisen or had ceased.
Schedule 4 Savings and transitional provisions
Veterinarians Act 1994 48
Schedule 4 Savings and transitional provisions
section 55
Interpretation
In this Schedule, the repealed Acts means the Acts specified in
Schedule 3.
Existing registrations
(1) Subject to subclause (2), a person whose registration as a
veterinary surgeon under the repealed Acts is in force immediately
before the commencement of this Act shall be deemed on that
commencement to be registered as a veterinarian under section 13.
(2) Subclause (1) shall cease to apply to a person at the expiry of the
year 1994 unless before that time he or she has duly applied in
accordance with subclause (3) for registration under section 11.
(3) A person's application for registration for the purposes of this clause
shall be:
(a) if the person is registered to practise veterinary surgery or
medicine in a State or other Territory of the Commonwealth in
which he or she is, in the Board's opinion, permanently
resident – an application for registration by virtue of
section 13(1)(b); or
(b) in any other case – an application for registration by virtue of
section 13(1)(a) and the qualification referred to in
paragraph (a) is not relevant.
(4) The Registrar shall retain the Register of Veterinary Surgeons of
the Northern Territory kept under the repealed Acts and shall note it
appropriately where a person entered in it ceases to be deemed to
be registered as a veterinarian by virtue of this clause, and the
Register shall, so long as and to the extent that it contains the
name of a person who shall be deemed to be registered by virtue of
this clause, be treated for all purposes as part of the Register under
this Act.
Existing certificates
So long as a person shall be deemed by virtue of clause 1 to be
registered as a veterinarian under this Act, the provisions of this Act
(other than section 21(1)) relating to certificates of registration shall
apply in relation to the certificate of registration issued to the person
under the repealed Acts as they apply in relation to a certificate
Schedule 4 Savings and transitional provisions
Veterinarians Act 1994 49
issued under section 21(1).
4. Service of notices, &c.
A notice or other document required or authorised by this Act to be
served on or given to a person who shall be deemed under
clause 1 to be registered as a veterinarian under this Act may be
served or given by sending it by prepaid post to his or her
professional address, if any, recorded in the Register or, if no such
address is recorded, to his or her last known place of residence.
ENDNOTES
Veterinarians Act 1994 50
ENDNOTES
1 KEY
Key to abbreviations
amd = amended od = order
app = appendix om = omitted
bl = by-law pt = Part
ch = Chapter r = regulation/rule
cl = clause rem = remainder
div = Division renum = renumbered
exp = expires/expired rep = repealed
f = forms s = section
Gaz = Gazette sch = Schedule
hdg = heading sdiv = Subdivision
ins = inserted SL = Subordinate Legislation
lt = long title sub = substituted
nc = not commenced
2 LIST OF LEGISLATION
Veterinarians Act 1994 (Act No. 37, 1994)
Assent date 18 May 1994
Commenced 1 July 1994 (Gaz S41, 1 July 1994)
Statute Law Revision Act 1995 (Act No. 14, 1995)
Assent date 23 June 1995
Commenced 23 June 1995
Sentencing (Consequential Amendments) Act 1996 (Act No. 17, 1996)
Assent date 19 April 1996
Commenced s 7: 19 April 1996; rem: 1 July 1996 (s 2, s 2 Sentencing
Act 1995 (Act No. 39, 1995) and Gaz S15, 13 June 1996)
Veterinarians Amendment Act 1999 (Act No. 50, 1999)
Assent date 16 November 1999
Commenced 22 March 2000 (s 2)
Statute Law Revision Act 2001 (Act No. 3, 2001)
Assent date 22 March 2001
Commenced 22 March 2001
Veterinarians Amendment (Fees and Penalties) Act 2005 (Act No. 47, 2005)
Assent date 14 December 2005
Commenced 28 March 2007 (Gaz G13, 28 March 2007, p 2)
Livestock Act 2008 (Act No. 36, 2008)
Assent date 8 December 2008
Commenced 1 September 2009 (Gaz G34, 26 August 2009, p 3)
ENDNOTES
Veterinarians Act 1994 51
Oaths, Affidavits and Declarations (Consequential Amendments) Act 2010 (Act No. 40,
2010)
Assent date 18 November 2010
Commenced 1 March 2011 (s 2, s 2 Oaths, Affidavits and Declarations Act
2010 (Act No. 39, 2010) and Gaz G7, 16 February 2011, p 4)
Penalties Amendment (Children and Families, Health and Primary Industry, Fisheries
and Resources) Act 2011 (Act No. 28, 2011)
Assent date 31 August 2011
Commenced 21 September 2011 (Gaz G38, 21 September 2011, p 4)
Medicines, Poisons and Therapeutic Goods Act 2012 (Act No. 13, 2012)
Assent date 27 April 2012
Commenced 1 May 2014 (Gaz S22, 2014, p 12)
Local Court (Related Amendments) Act 2016 (Act No. 8, 2016)
Assent date 6 April 2016
Commenced 1 May 2016 (s 2, s 2 Local Court (Repeals and Related
Amendments) Act 2016 (Act No. 9, 2016) and Gaz S34,
29 April 2016)
Animal Protection Act 2018 (Act No. 25, 2018)
Assent date 22 November 2018
Commenced 1 November 2022 (Gaz S55, 1 November 2022)
Amending Legislation
Animal Protection Amendment Act 2022 (Act No. 19, 2022)
Assent date 12 September 2022
Commenced 13 September 2022 (s 2)
3 SAVINGS AND TRANSITIONAL PROVISIONS
s 15 Veterinarians Amendment Act 1999 (Act No. 50, 1999)
4 GENERAL AMENDMENTS
General amendments of a formal nature (which are not referred to in the table
of amendments to this reprint) are made by the Interpretation Legislation
Amendment Act 2018 (Act No. 22, 2018) to: ss 1, 3, 8, 9 and 26 and sch 1.
5 LIST OF AMENDMENTS
s 3 amd No. 50, 1999, s 4; No. 47, 2005, s 4; No. 36, 2008, s 155
s 5 sub No. 14, 1995, s 10; No. 50, 1999, s 5
amd No. 36, 2008, s 155
s 11 amd No. 47, 2005, s 5
s 12 amd No. 47, 2005, s 6
s 13 amd No. 50, 1999, s 14; No. 8, 2016, s 45
s 14 amd No. 50, 1999, s 14
s 15 amd No. 47, 2005, s 7
s 16 amd No. 47, 2005, s 8
s 18 amd No. 47, 2005, s 14; No. 28, 2011, s 5
s 19 amd No. 50, 1999, s 6; No. 47, 2005, s 9
ENDNOTES
Veterinarians Act 1994 52
s 20 sub No. 47, 2005, s 10
s 20A ins No. 47, 2005, s 10
s 21 amd No. 47, 2005, ss 11 and 14; No. 28, 2011, s 5
s 22 amd No. 47, 2005, s 14; No. 28, 2011, s 5
ss 24 – 25 amd No. 47, 2005, s 14; No. 28, 2011, s 5
s 26 amd No. 50, 1999, s 7; No. 3, 2001, s 8; No. 13, 2012, s 304; No. 25, 2018,
s 130
s 28 amd No. 50, 1999, s 8
ss 29 – 31 sub No. 50, 1999, s 9
ss 31A – 31D ins No. 50, 1999, s 9
s 32 amd No. 50, 1999, s 14; No. 47, 2005, s 14; No. 40, 2010, s 117; No. 28,
2011, s 5
s 33 amd No. 50, 1999, s 10
s 34 amd No. 50, 1999, s 11; No. 47, 2005, s 12
s 35 amd No. 50, 1999, s 14
s 36 amd No. 50, 1999, s 12
s 37 amd No. 50, 1999, s 14
s 39 amd No. 47, 2005, s 14; No. 28, 2011, s 5
s 40 amd No. 50, 1999, s 14
ss 41 – 45 amd No. 47, 2005, s 14; No. 28, 2011, s 5
s 49 amd No. 47, 2005, s 14; No. 28, 2011, s 5
s 53 amd No. 47, 2005, s 13
sch 1 amd No. 17, 1996, s 6; No. 50, 1999, s 13; No. 3, 2001, s 8; No. 13, 2012,
s 304; No. 25, 2018, s 130
sch 4 amd No. 14, 1995, s 10