56Severability

#### 56 Severability (1) Without limiting its effect apart from each of the following subsections of this section, this Act also has effect as provided by that subsection. (2) This Act also has the effect it would have if its operation were expressly confined to matters: (a) in relation to which the Commonwealth is under an obligation under an international agreement, including Article 17 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, done at New York on 16 December 1966; or (b) that are of international concern, including the matters dealt with in paragraphs 9, 10 and 11 of the Guidelines governing the Protection of Privacy and Transborder Flows of Personal Data, recommended by the Council of the Organisation for Economic Co‑operation and Development on 11 July 2013. > Note 1: The Covenant is in Australian Treaty Series 1980 No. 23 (\[1980\] ATS 23) and could in 2014 be viewed in the Australian Treaties Library on the AustLII website (http://www.austlii.edu.au). > Note 2: The Guidelines could in 2014 be viewed on the Organisation for Economic Co‑operation and Development website (http://www.oecd.org). (3) This Act also has the effect it would have if its operation were expressly confined to acts or omissions that occur outside Australia. (4) This Act also has the effect it would have if its operation were expressly confined to entities that are corporations to which paragraph 51(xx) of the Constitution applies. (5) This Act also has the effect it would have if its operation were expressly confined to acts or omissions that relate to aliens. (6) This Act also has the effect it would have if its operation were expressly confined to acts or omissions done for purposes relating to census or statistics. (7) This Act also has the effect it would have if its operation were expressly confined to acts done using a postal, telegraphic, telephonic or other like service. (8) This Act also has the effect it would have if its operation were expressly confined to acts or omissions done in connection with the provision of benefits to students. (9) This Act also has the effect it would have if its operation were expressly confined to acts or omissions that occur in a Territory. (10) This Act also has the effect it would have if its operation were expressly confined to acts or omissions done in the course of trade or commerce: (a) between Australia and other countries; or (b) among the States; or (c) between a Territory and a State or another Territory. (11) A term used in this section and the Constitution has the same meaning in this section as it has in the Constitution.