Part 4Miscellaneous 6

Part 4—Miscellaneous 6 1.14 Exercise of power 6 1.15 Procedure wanting or in doubt 7 1.16 Act by corporation 7 1.17 Corporation a party 7 1.18 Power to act by Australian lawyer 8 1.19 Continuation of address for service 8 1.20 Proceedings other than in open court 9 Order 2—Noncompliance with the Rules 11 2.01 Effect of noncompliance 11 2.02 Commencement of proceeding or complaint 11 2.03 Application to set aside for irregularity 11 2.04 Dispensing with compliance 12 Order 3—Time, sittings, court office and documents 13 3.01 Calculating time 13 3.02 Extension and abridgement 13 3.03 Fixing time 14 3.04 Process in vacation 14 3.05 Time for service 14 3.06 Proceedings after a year 14 3.08 Office 14 3.09 Office hours 15 Order 4—Process in the Court 16 Part 1—General 16 4.01 Claim not to be divided 16 4.03 Names, addresses and representation of parties 16 4.04 Commencement of proceedings 17 4.08 Urgent cases 18 4.08.4 Other miscellaneous matters 18 Part 2—Certification requirements for proceedings 18 4.09 Overarching obligations certification 18 4.09.1 Certification of prior overarching obligations certification 18 4.10 Proper basis certification 19 4.10.1 Filing of certificates 19 Order 5—Form of complaint 20 5.02 Form of complaint 20 5.05 Motor vehicle accident 20 5.07 Address of parties 20 5.09 Costs to be specified 21 5.12 Duration 23 Order 6—Service 24 6.01 When personal service necessary 24 6.02 Complaint to be served personally 24 6.03 How personal service effected 24 6.04 Personal service on particular parties 25 6.05 Claims for personal injury 26 6.06 Address for service 27 6.06.1 Australian lawyer changing address 27 6.06.2 Email address for service 28 6.06.3 Party changing email address for service 28 6.07 How ordinary service effected 28 6.08 Identity of person served 30 6.09 Acceptance of service by Australian lawyer 31 6.10 Substituted service 31 6.11 Confirmation of informal service 31 6.12 Service by filing 32 6.13 Service on agent 32 6.14 Service under contract 33 6.16 Service of notice by the Court 33 6.17 Affidavit or declaration of service 33 Order 7—Service out of Australia 35 7.01.1 Definition 35 7.01 Order does not apply to service in New Zealand of documents for or in certain Trans-Tasman proceedings 35 7.02 When allowed without leave 35 7.03 When allowed with leave 39 7.04 Court's discretion whether to assume jurisdiction 39 7.05 Notice to person served out of Australia 40 7.06 Time for filing a notice of defence 40 7.07 Leave to proceed where no notice of defence by person 41 7.08 Service of other documents out of Australia 41 7.09 Mode of service 41 Order 7A—Trans-Tasman proceedings 42 7A.01 Definitions 42 7A.02 Application of Order 42 7A.03 Commencement of proceeding for order under Trans-Tasman Proceedings Act 43 7A.04 Interlocutory application under Trans‑Tasman Proceedings Act 43 7A.05 Application for interim relief 43 7A.06 Application for leave to serve subpoena in New Zealand 44 7A.07 Form of subpoena 46 7A.08 Application to set aside subpoena 46 7A.09 Application for issue of certificate of non‑compliance with subpoena 46 7A.10 Form of certificate of non-compliance 47 7A.11 Application for registration of NZ judgment 47 7A.12 Notice of registration of NZ judgment 48 7A.13 Application for extension of time to give notice of registration of NZ judgment 48 7A.14 Application to set aside registration of NZ judgment 49 7A.15 Application for stay of enforcement of registered NZ judgment to enable liable person to appeal 49 7A.16 Application for extension of time to apply for stay of enforcement of registered NZ judgment to enable liable person to appeal 50 7A.17 Application for order for use of audio link or audiovisual link 50 Order 8—Notice of defence 51 8.01 Time for giving notice of defence 51 8.02 Late giving of notice of defence 52 8.03 Contents and form of notice of defence 52 Order 9—Joinder of claims and parties 54 9.01 Joinder of claims 54 9.02 Joinder of parties permitted 54 9.03 Joinder of necessary parties 54 9.04 Joinder inconvenient 55 9.05 Effect of misjoinder or non-joinder of party 56 9.06 Addition, removal, substitution of party 56 9.07 Procedure for addition of party 56 9.08 Defendant dead at commencement of proceeding 57 9.09 Change of party on death, bankruptcy 59 9.10 Failure to proceed after death of party 60 9.11 Amendment of proceedings after change of party 61 9.12 Consolidation or hearing together 62 9.13 Conduct of proceeding 63 Order 10—Counterclaim 64 10.02 When counterclaim allowed 64 10.03 Counterclaim against plaintiff and another person 64 10.04 Procedure after counterclaim against another person 64 10.05 Hearing of counterclaim 66 10.06 Counterclaim inconvenient 66 10.07 Stay of claim 66 10.08 Counterclaim on stay etc. of original proceeding 67 10.09 Order for balance 67 Order 11—Third party procedure 68 11.01 Claim by third party notice 68 11.02 Statement of claim on third party notice 68 11.04 Filing and service of third party notice 68 11.05 Time for third party notice 69 11.06 Leave to file third party notice 69 11.07 Other requirements for service 69 11.09 Defence of third party 71 11.10 Counterclaim by third party 72 11.11 Default by third party 73 11.12 Discovery and hearing 73 11.13 Third party directions 74 11.14 Final order between defendant and third party 75 11.15 Claim against another party 75 11.16 Fourth and subsequent parties 76 11.17 Counterclaim 77 Order 12—Interpleader 78 12.01 Definitions 78 12.02 Stakeholder's interpleader 78 12.03 Sheriff's interpleader 79 12.04 Sheriff's summons to state claim 79 12.05 Notice to execution creditor 80 12.06 Admission of claim 80 12.07 Interpleader summons 81 12.08 Powers of Court 81 12.09 Default by claimant 82 12.10 Neutrality of applicant 83 12.11 Order in several proceedings 83 12.12 Hearing of interpleader question 83 Order 13—Pleadings 85 13.01 Statement of claim 85 13.02 Defence 85 13.03 Reply 87 13.04 Alternative allegations 87 13.05 Particulars from plaintiff 88 13.06 Particulars from defendant 88 13.07 Time for giving notice 88 13.08 Particulars to be filed 88 13.09 Counterclaim and third party claim 88 13.10 Failure to give particulars 89 Order 14—Service of pleadings 90 Order 15—Persons under disability 91 15.01 Definition 91 15.02 Litigation guardian of person under disability 91 15.03 Appointment of litigation guardian 91 15.04 No notice of defence given by person under disability 93 15.05 Application to discharge or vary certain orders 93 15.06 Pleading admission by person under disability 93 15.07 Discovery 94 15.08 Compromise of claim by a person under disability 94 Order 16—Executors, administrators and trustees 96 Order 17—Partners and sole proprietors 97 17.01 Partners 97 17.02 Disclosure of partners 97 17.03 Service of complaint 98 17.04 Notice of defence of partners 98 17.05 No notice of defence except by partners 98 17.06 Notice of defence under objection of person sued as partner 99 17.07 Order against partners 99 17.08 Enforcement between partners 100 17.09 Garnishee orders 100 17.10 Person using the business name 100 Order 18—Representative proceeding 101 Order 18A—Group proceeding 102 Order 19—Notice of constitutional matter 103 19.01 Definitions 103 19.02 Notice 103 19.03 Filing and service 103 Order 20—Change of Australian lawyer 105 20.01 Notice of change 105 20.02 Party appointing Australian lawyer 105 20.03 Australian lawyer ceasing to act 105 20.04 Removal of Australian lawyer from record 106 20.05 Address for service 107 20.06 Death, retirement etc. of Victorian or Australian Government Solicitor 107 Order 21—Order in default of defence or compliance 109 Part 1—Order in default of defence 109 21.01 Plaintiff may apply for order 109 21.02 Affidavit required 109 21.03 Application for default judgment processed by CMS 110 21.04 Registrar may make order or refer to Court 110 21.05 Proceeding continued against other defendants 111 21.06 Default of defence to counterclaim 111 21.07 Setting aside order 111 Part 2—Order in default of compliance 111 21.08 Defendant may apply for costs order 111 21.09 Applications under Rule 21.08 112 21.10 Registrar may make order or refer to Court 112 Part 3—Dismissal of certain proceedings 113 21.11 Dismissal of complaints 113 21.12 Dismissal of certain adjourned proceedings 114 21.13 Reinstatement 114 Order 22—Summary judgment 115 Part 1—General 115 22.01 Scope of Order 115 22.02 Interpretation 115 Part 2—Application by plaintiff for summary judgment 115 22.03 Application by plaintiff for judgment 115 22.04 Summons and affidavit in support 115 22.05 Defendant to show cause 116 22.06 Affidavit in reply 117 22.07 Cross-examination on affidavit 117 22.08 Hearing of application 117 22.10 Judgment where debt amount unascertained 118 22.11 Directions 118 22.12 Continuing for other claim or against other defendant 119 22.13 Judgment for delivery up of chattel 119 22.15 Setting aside judgment 119 Part 3—Application by defendant for summary judgment 120 22.16 Application by defendant for judgment 120 22.17 Summons 120 22.18 Affidavit in support 120 22.19 Plaintiff to show cause 121 22.20 Affidavit in reply 121 22.21 Cross-examination on affidavit 121 22.22 Hearing of application 122 22.23 Setting aside judgment 122 Part 4—Application by or against third or subsequent party 122 22.24 Third or subsequent party 122 Order 23—Summary stay or dismissal of claim and striking out statement of claim or defence 124 23.01 Stay or judgment in proceeding 124 23.02 Striking out pleading 124 23.04 Affidavit evidence 125 Order 24—Order on failure to prosecute or obey order for particulars or discovery 126 24.01 Order on dismissal 126 24.02 Failure to obey order 126 24.03 Stay on non-payment of costs 126 24.04 Counterclaim and third party claim 127 24.06 Setting aside order 127 Order 25—Discontinuance and withdrawal 128 25.01 Withdrawal of notice of defence 128 25.02 Discontinuance or withdrawal of proceeding or claim 128 25.02.1 Small claims—discontinuance or withdrawal of proceeding or claim 129 25.04 Notice of discontinuance or withdrawal 129 25.05 Costs 130 25.06 Discontinuance or withdrawal no defence 130 25.07 Stay on non-payment of costs 130 Order 26—Offers of compromise 131 Part 1—Interpretation 131 26.01 Definitions 131 Part 2—Offers of compromise 131 26.02 Offers of compromise generally 131 26.03 Time for making, accepting etc. offer 132 26.03.1 Time for payment 133 26.04 Effect of offer 133 26.05 Disclosure of offer to Court 134 26.06 Party under disability 134 26.07 Withdrawal of acceptance 134 26.07.1 Failure to comply with accepted offer 135 26.07.2 Multiple defendants 135 26.08 Costs consequences of failure to accept 136 26.08.1 Pre-litigation offers 138 26.10 Contributor parties 139 Order 27—Content and form of Court documents 141 27.01 Conformity with Rules 141 27.02 Heading and title of document 141 27.03 Form of document 142 27.04 Numbers 144 27.05 Copies on request 144 27.06 Registrar refusing to accept documents 145 27.07 Scandalous matter 145 Order 28—Filing 146 28.01 Filing of documents 146 28.01.1 Counterclaim or third party notice processed by CMS 146 28.03 Validity of complaint, counterclaim or third party notice 146 28.04 Seal of Court 146 28.05 Inspection of documents 147 Order 29—Discovery and inspection of documents 148 29.01 Definition 148 29.01.1 Scope of discovery 148 29.02 Notice for discovery 149 29.03 Time for making discovery 150 29.04 Affidavit of documents 150 29.05 Order limiting discovery 151 29.05.1 Order for general discovery 151 29.05.2 Order for expanded discovery 151 29.06 Co-defendants and third party 151 29.08 Order for particular discovery 152 29.09 Inspection of documents referred to in affidavit of documents 153 29.10 Inspection of documents referred to in pleadings and affidavits 154 29.11 Order for discovery 155 29.12 Direction as to documents 156 29.12.1 Default notice 156 29.13 Inspection of document by Court 157 29.15 Continuing obligation to make discovery 157 29.16 Discovery after directions 158 Order 30—Interrogatories 159 30.01 Definitions 159 30.02 When interrogatories allowed 159 30.03 Statement as to who to answer 160 30.04 Filing interrogatories and time for answers 160 30.05 Source for answers to interrogatories 160 30.06 How interrogatories to be answered 162 30.07 Ground of objection to answer 162 30.08 Who to answer interrogatories 163 30.09 Failure to answer interrogatories 164 30.09.1 Default notice 164 30.11 Answers as evidence 165 30.12 Interrogatories after directions 165 Order 31—Discovery by oral examination 166 Order 32—Preliminary discovery and discovery from non‑party 167 32.01 Definitions 167 32.02 Privilege 167 32.03 Discovery to identify a defendant 167 32.04 Party an applicant 168 32.05 Discovery from prospective defendant 168 32.06 Party an applicant 169 32.07 Discovery from non-party 169 32.08 Procedure 170 32.09 Inspection of documents 170 32.10 Directions as to documents 170 32.11 Costs 170 Order 33—Medical examination and service of hospital and medical reports 172 33.01 Application 172 33.02 Counterclaim 172 33.03 Definitions 172 33.04 Notice for examination 174 33.05 Expenses 175 33.06 Report of examination of plaintiff 175 33.07 Service of reports by plaintiff 175 33.08 Service of reports by defendant 176 33.09 Other medical reports to be served 177 33.10 Opinion on liability 178 33.11 Medical report admissible 178 33.12 No evidence unless disclosed in report 179 Order 34—Directions 180 Order 35—Admissions 181 35.01 Definition 181 35.02 Voluntary admission of facts 181 35.03 Notice for admission of facts 181 35.04 Order on admissions 182 35.05 Notice for admission of documents 182 35.06 Cost of non-admission of fact or document 183 35.07 Restrictive effect of admission 183 35.08 Notice to produce documents 183 Order 36—Amendment 184 36.01 General power of amendment 184 36.02 Failure to amend within time limited 185 36.03 Amendment of pleading 185 36.04 Disallowance of pleading amendment 185 36.05 Registrar's power of amendment 185 36.06 How pleading amendment made 186 36.07 Pleading to an amended pleading 186 36.08 Amendment of order 187 Order 37—Inspection, detention and preservation of property 188 37.01 Inspection, detention etc. of property 188 37.02 Inspection from prospective defendant 189 37.03 Procedure 190 37.04 Disposal of perishable property 190 37.05 Payment into Court in discharge of lien 191 37.07 Jurisdiction of Court not affected 191 Order 37A—Freezing orders 192 37A.01 Definitions 192 37A.02 Freezing order 192 37A.03 Ancillary order 193 37A.04 Respondent need not be party to proceeding 194 37A.05 Order against judgment debtor or prospective judgment debtor or third party 194 37A.06 Jurisdiction of Court not limited 196 37A.07 Service 196 37A.08 Costs 197 37A.09 Application to be heard by magistrate 197 Order 37B—Search orders 198 37B.01 Definitions 198 37B.02 Search order 198 37B.03 Requirements for grant of search order 199 37B.04 Jurisdiction of Court not limited 201 37B.05 Terms of search order 201 37B.06 Independent Australian lawyers 202 37B.07 Costs 203 37B.08 Service 203 37B.09 Application to be heard by magistrate 204 Order 38—Injunctions 205 38.01 When Court may grant 205 38.02 Application before hearing 205 38.03 Costs and expenses of non-party 205 Order 39—Receivers 206 Order 40—Evidence generally 207 40.02 Evidence of witness 207 40.03 Contrary direction as to evidence 207 40.04 Examination on affidavit 208 40.05 Evidence of particular facts 208 40.06 Revocation or variation of order 209 40.07 Deposition as evidence 209 40.08 Proof of Court documents 210 40.09 Evidence of consent 210 40.10 Defamation 210 40.11 Subsequent use of evidence at hearing 211 40.12 Attendance and production 211 40.13 View 211 40.14 Quotation or assessment as evidence 211 40.15 Person about to leave Victoria may be ordered to be examined or to produce documents 212 Order 41—Evidence before trial 213 Order 41A—Application to use audio visual link or audio link 214 41A.01 Application of Order 214 41A.02 Form of application 214 41A.03 Filing 214 41A.04 Service 214 41A.05 Duty of applicant 214 41A.06 Payment of costs 214 41A.07 Application without a hearing 215 41A.08 Hearing by audio link or audio visual link 215 Order 42—Subpoenas 216 42.01 Definitions 216 42.02 Issuing of subpoena 217 42.03 Form of subpoena 217 42.03.1 Alteration of date for attendance or production 219 42.04 Setting aside or other relief 219 42.05 Service 219 42.06 Compliance with subpoena 219 42.07 Production otherwise than upon attendance 221 42.08 Removal, return, inspection, copying and disposal of documents and things 222 42.09 Inspection of, and dealing with, documents and things produced otherwise than on attendance 222 42.10 Disposal of documents and things produced 224 42.11 Costs and expenses of compliance 225 42.12 Failure to comply with subpoena—contempt of court 225 42.13 Documents and things in the custody of a court 225 Order 42A—Subpoena for production to registrar 227 42A.01 Application 227 42A.02 Issuing subpoena 227 42A.03 Form of subpoena 227 42A.04 Affidavit of service 227 42A.05 Compliance with subpoena 228 42A.06 Receipt for document 229 42A.07 Objection by addressee or other person 229 42A.08 Objection by party to inspection by other party 229 42A.09 Procedure after objection 230 42A.10 Inspection of document produced 230 42A.11 Removal of document 230 42A.12 Return or disposal of document 231 42A.13 Production of document at hearing 232 42A.14 Subpoena for hearing not affected 233 Order 43—Affidavits 234 43.00 Definitions for this Order 234 43.01 Form of affidavit 234 43.02 Affidavit by illiterate, blind or incapacitated person 235 43.02.1 Affidavit where interpreter required 235 43.03 Content of affidavit 236 43.04 Affidavit by 2 or more deponents 237 43.05 Alterations 237 43.06 Exhibits 237 43.07 Time for swearing or affirming 238 43.08 Irregularity 238 43.09 Filing 238 Order 44—Expert evidence 240 44.01 Definitions 240 44.02 Application of Order 240 44.03 Report of expert 241 44.04 Other party's report as evidence 242 44.05 No evidence unless disclosed in report 242 44.06 Conference between experts 242 Order 44A—Interpreters 244 44A.01 Definitions 244 44A.02 When interpreters may be engaged 244 44A.03 Who may act as an interpreter 245 44A.04 Functions of interpreters 247 44A.05 Code of conduct 248 44A.06 Translated evidence 249 44A.07 Court may give directions concerning interpreters 249 Order 45—Originating motion 252 Order 46—Applications 253 46.01 Application of Order 253 46.02 Form of application 253 46.03 Notice of application 253 46.04 Form and filing 253 46.05 Service 253 46.05.1 Day for hearing 254 46.06 Adjournment 254 46.07 Absence of party to summons 255 46.08 Application for re-hearing 255 46.09 Form of application 255 46.10 Setting aside 256 Order 47—Place and mode of hearing 257 47.01 Place of hearing of proceeding 257 47.04 Separate hearing of question 258 47.05 Order after determination of preliminary question 258 Order 48—Setting down for trial 259 Order 49—Hearing 260 49.00 Application 260 49.01 Order of evidence and addresses 260 49.02 Absence of party 261 49.03 Adjournment of hearing 262 49.04 Death before judgment 262 Order 50—Appropriate dispute resolution 263 50.01 Definitions 263 50.02 Determination of persons as acceptable mediators 264 50.03 Referral of proceeding for appropriate dispute resolution 265 50.04 Who may conduct appropriate dispute resolution 265 50.05 Confidentiality 265 50.06 Parties must attend appropriate dispute resolution 265 50.07 Consequences of failure to attend appropriate dispute resolution 266 50.08 Adjournment of appropriate dispute resolution 267 50.09 Power to make order for final disposition 267 50.10 Powers of a registrar in relation to pre-hearing conferences 268 50.11 Mediation report 269 50.12 Extension of time limits where proceeding has been referred to mediation 270 Order 51—Assessment of damages or value 271 Order 52—Account and enquiries 272 Order 53—Summary proceeding for recovery of land 273 Order 54—Administration of estates and execution of trusts 274 Order 55—Sale of land by order of Court 275 Order 56—Judicial review 276 Order 57—Habeas corpus 277 Order 58—Appeals from inferior jurisdictions 278 Order 59—Orders 279 59.01 General relief 279 59.02 Date of effect 279 59.03 Time for compliance 279 59.04 Statement of reasons for order 280 59.07 Consent to order by parties not in attendance 280 59.08 Orders may be drawn up and certified extract 281 59.09 Order where excess abandoned 281 59.10 Setting aside or varying self-executing order 281 Order 60—Authentication and filing of orders 283 60.04 Order signed by magistrate 283 60.05 Authentication of an order 283 60.06 Issue and authentication of process 283 60.07 Authentication of warrants 284 Order 61—Judgment debt instalment orders 285 61.01 Definitions 285 61.02 Application under section 6 or 8 285 61.03 Notice of objection 285 61.04 Agreement under section 7 286 61.05 Order in absence of parties 286 61.06 Summons for examination 286 61.07 Warrant of apprehension 286 61.08 Forms of notice 286 61.09 Warrant of commitment 287 61.10 Payments to be made to registrar 287 61.11 Certificate of discharge 287 61.12 Service and notification 287 61.13 Adjournment 287 Order 62—Security for costs 288 62.01 Definitions 288 62.02 When security for costs may be ordered 288 62.03 Manner of giving security 289 62.04 Failure to give security 289 62.05 Variation or setting aside 289 Order 63—Costs 290 Part 1—Preliminary 290 63.00.1 Costs in accordance with Appendix A 290 63.00.2 Application of scale 290 63.00.3 Fixing or taxing of costs in accordance with scale at the time work done 292 63.00 Costs to be fixed on day of hearing 293 63.01 Definitions and application 293 63.02 General powers of Court 295 63.03 Time for costs order and payment 295 63.04 Costs of question or part of proceeding 296 63.05 By whom costs to be taxed 296 63.07 Taxed or other costs provision 296 63.08 Default order 297 63.10 No order for taxation required 297 63.11 Enforcement of order of taxing officer 298 63.12 Costs in account 298 Part 2—Entitlement to costs 298 63.13 Order for payment 298 63.14 Extension or abridgement of time 298 63.15 Discontinuance or withdrawal 298 63.16 Offer of compromise 299 63.16.1 Failure to make discovery or answer interrogatories 299 63.16.2 Proceeding or counterclaim dismissed 299 63.17 Amendment 299 63.18 Non-admission of fact or document 299 63.19 Interlocutory injunction 300 63.21.1 Costs in proceedings before registrar or Costs Court 300 63.22 Costs reserved 300 63.26 Trustee or mortgagee 301 Part 3—Costs of party in a proceeding 301 63.27 Application 301 63.28 Bases of taxation 301 63.30 Standard basis 301 63.30.1 Indemnity basis 302 63.31 Usual basis of taxation 302 63.34 Charges of Australian lawyer 302