Land and Property Information NSW (Authorised Transaction) Act 2016
In ForceNSW
Jurisdiction
New South Wales
Act Number
46 of 2016
Collection
act
Plain English Summary
8/10 complexity
Mechanically, this Act authorises the Treasurer and portfolio Minister to transfer the State’s titling and registry assets (land‑title registers and related services) to other public bodies or private operators, grant a single private concession of up to 35 years to operate the Register, vest assets by order and transfer staff (including to private employers) by written direction. Proceeds are paid into the Restart NSW Fund subject to Treasurer deductions (s5). It centralises decision‑making and creates emergency ministerial step‑in powers, affecting public agencies, affected employees, private bidders/operators and users of land‑title services.
This Act creates a statutory framework authorising the transfer of land titling and registry assets and the outsourcing of the titling and registry services that support the Register (the authorised transaction). The core mechanical changes are these.
Authorises transfer of titling and registry assets by the Treasurer to private sector entities or other public sector agencies, and authorises arrangements by the portfolio Minister (with Treasurer approval) that appoint a private sector entity to provide titling and registry services under a concession (s 4). The Act labels the package of transactions, asset transfers and concession arrangements the authorised transaction (s 4(1)).
Limits any single authorised concession to a maximum 35 year term, and disallows renewal beyond that cap. If an authorised concession is terminated early, the Act authorises the establishment of a further concession of up to 35 years (s 4(2); s 18).
Provides for vesting orders to transfer titling and registry assets into the transferee without separate conveyancing steps, and allows vesting orders to vary the terms of existing instruments to the extent necessary or convenient for the authorised transaction (s 12; Schedule 2).
Requires transaction proceeds payable to the State to be paid into the Restart NSW Fund, subject to Treasurer-approved deductions to repay associated liabilities, reimburse taxes, satisfy liabilities or meet expenses (s 5).
Gives broad direction and operational powers to the Treasurer and portfolio Minister: the Treasurer has overall responsibility and unconstrained discretion to direct how the authorised transaction is effected and the entities and arrangements used (s 6; s 7); the portfolio Minister has responsibility for aspects of the concession and re-vesting on termination, subject to any Treasurer approvals required by the Act (s 7).
Current sections
Direct links to the current provisions in Land and Property Information NSW (Authorised Transaction) Act 2016.
(1) This Act commences on the date of assent to this Act except as provided by this section.
(2) Schedule 4 (Amendment of Acts) commences on a day or days to be appointed by proclamation.
3
Interpretation—key definitions
3 Interpretation—key definitions
3 Interpretation—key definitions
Note—
Schedule 1 contains other interpretative provisions. The Interpretation Act 1987 contains definitions and other provisions that affect the interpretation and application of this Act.
In this Act—
authorised concession—see section 4.
authorised operator means a private sector entity appointed as the authorised operator by the authorised concession arrangements.
authorised transaction—see section 4.
titling and registry assets means assets, rights and liabilities used, accrued or incurred in the course of or otherwise in connection with the exercise of titling and registry functions.
titling and registry functions means functions of the Registrar-General that are exercised in the course of or in connection with the administration or execution of the Real Property Act 1900, the Conveyancing Act 1919 or any other Act.
titling and registry services means services provided in the exercise of titling and registry functions.
Part 2
The authorised transaction
Part 2 The authorised transaction
Part 2 The authorised transaction
4
Authorisation for asset transfer, concession and re-vesting
4 Authorisation for asset transfer, concession and re-vesting
4 Authorisation for asset transfer, concession and re-vesting
(1) This Act authorises the following (collectively referred to in this Act as the authorised transaction)—
(a) the transfer, by the Treasurer, of titling and registry assets of a public sector agency to the private sector or any public sector agency (referred to in this Act as an authorised asset transfer),
(b) arrangements, established by the portfolio Minister with the approval of the Treasurer, to authorise and otherwise facilitate the provision of titling and registry services by a private sector entity (or a related entity of a private sector entity) to which titling and registry assets are transferred under this Act (referred to in this Act as the authorised concession),
(c) the transfer, by the portfolio Minister, of titling and registry assets of the authorised operator to a private sector entity or public sector agency on termination of the authorised concession and as provided by the authorised concession arrangements (referred to in this Act as re-vesting on termination).
(2) The authorised concession is limited to a term of 35 years and cannot be renewed or extended beyond that term.
Note—
Section 18 (Further authorised concession on termination of authorised concession) provides for the establishment of a new authorised concession with a term of up to 35 years if the original authorised concession is terminated before its term expires.
(3) Re-vesting on termination comprising the transfer of titling and registry assets of the authorised operator to a private sector entity (but not to a public sector agency) requires the approval of the Treasurer.
5
Payment and application of proceeds of transaction
5 Payment and application of proceeds of transaction
5 Payment and application of proceeds of transaction
(1) The proceeds of the authorised transaction that are payable to the State (the transaction proceeds) are to be paid into the Restart NSW Fund (the Restart Fund) established under the Restart NSW Fund Act 2011.
(2) The following deductions are authorised to be made from the transaction proceeds—
(a) deduction of such amounts as the Treasurer approves to repay debt and satisfy other liabilities of a public sector agency in respect of titling and registry assets transferred for the purposes of the authorised transaction,
(b) deduction of such amounts as the Treasurer approves to reimburse public sector agencies for payments made by them in respect of any tax, duty, fee or charge imposed by any Act or law of the State or any other jurisdiction in connection with a transaction arrangement,
(c) deduction of such amounts as the Treasurer approves to satisfy any liability of a public sector agency arising under or in connection with a transaction arrangement,
(d) deduction of such amounts as the Treasurer approves to meet expenses reasonably incurred by public sector agencies for the purposes of the authorised transaction.
(3) The transaction proceeds do not include any amount certified by the Treasurer as paid or payable to a public sector agency as a tax, duty, fee or charge imposed by any Act or law of the State in connection with a transaction arrangement.
(4) The deductions authorised to be made from the transaction proceeds may be made before payment of the transaction proceeds into the Restart Fund, or may be made by payment from the Restart Fund.
(5) The requirements of this section do not affect the validity of a transaction arrangement.
Part 3
General functions for the purposes of the authorised transaction
Part 3 General functions for the purposes of the authorised transaction
Part 3 General functions for the purposes of the authorised transaction
6
Manner of effecting authorised transaction
6 Manner of effecting authorised transaction
6 Manner of effecting authorised transaction
(1) The authorised transaction is to be effected as directed by the Treasurer and can be effected in any manner considered appropriate by the Treasurer.
(2) There are no limitations as to the nature of the transactions or arrangements that can be entered into or used for the purposes of the authorised transaction.
(3) The provisions of this Act for the establishment of various kinds of transaction company do not limit the nature of the entities or arrangements that can be used for the purposes of the authorised transaction.
7
Functions of Treasurer and portfolio Minister
7 Functions of Treasurer and portfolio Minister
7 Functions of Treasurer and portfolio Minister
(1) The Treasurer has overall responsibility for the authorised transaction and has and may exercise all such functions as are necessary or convenient for the purposes of the authorised transaction. The Treasurer’s functions do not limit the functions of the portfolio Minister under this Act.
(2) The portfolio Minister has and may exercise all such functions as are necessary or convenient for the purposes of aspects of the authorised transaction comprising the authorised concession and re-vesting on termination.
(3) The functions of the portfolio Minister under this Act are subject to any requirement of this Act for the approval of the Treasurer.
(4) The functions conferred on the Treasurer or portfolio Minister by or under any other provision of this Act do not limit their functions under this section.
8
Functions of Registrar-General
8 Functions of Registrar-General
8 Functions of Registrar-General
(1) The Registrar-General has and may exercise all such functions as are necessary or convenient for the purposes of the authorised transaction.
(2) The functions conferred by this section are in addition to any other functions that the Registrar-General has apart from this section and those other functions do not prevent or otherwise limit the exercise of the additional functions conferred by this section.
(3) The Treasurer or the portfolio Minister may give directions to the Registrar-General for the purposes of the authorised transaction (including directions as to the exercise of functions of the Registrar-General under this Act) and any such directions must be complied with by the Registrar-General.
(4) The Treasurer or the portfolio Minister may act for or on behalf of the Registrar-General in the exercise of any of the Registrar-General’s functions for the purposes of the authorised transaction (including functions conferred by this Act).
(5) Anything done or omitted to be done by the Registrar-General in compliance or purported compliance with a direction given under this Act does not subject the Registrar-General personally to any action, liability, claim or demand.
9
Establishment of transaction companies
9 Establishment of transaction companies
9 Establishment of transaction companies
(1) The Treasurer may for the purposes of the authorised transaction establish, or direct the establishment of, companies as transaction companies in any of the following ways—
(a) the formation or acquisition by or on behalf of the State of a company limited by shares, so that all the issued shares in the company are held by or on behalf of the State,
(b) the formation or acquisition of a company as a wholly owned subsidiary company of a transaction company.
(2) A transaction company that is a public sector agency may be converted from one kind of company to any other kind of company.
(3) Except by express agreement with the Treasurer—
(a) a transaction company is not and does not represent the State, and
(b) the debts, liabilities and obligations of a transaction company are not guaranteed by the State.
(4) The Treasurer may act for or on behalf of the State or a transaction company that is a public sector agency in connection with the rights, privileges and benefits, and the duties, liabilities and obligations, of the State or a transaction company as the holder of shares or other securities in or issued by a transaction company.
(5) Shares and other securities in or issued by a transaction company that is a public sector agency may be issued or transferred in accordance with the directions of the Treasurer. The Treasurer may, on behalf of the State or a transaction company that is a public sector agency, enter into and carry out transaction arrangements for the issue or transfer of shares and other securities in or issued by a transaction company.
10
Functions of transaction companies
10 Functions of transaction companies
10 Functions of transaction companies
(1) A transaction company has and may exercise all such functions as are necessary or convenient for the purposes of the authorised transaction.
(2) The functions conferred by this section are in addition to any other functions that a transaction company has apart from this section and those other functions do not prevent or otherwise limit the exercise of the additional functions conferred by this section.
(3) The Treasurer may act for or on behalf of a transaction company in the exercise of any of its functions for the purposes of the authorised transaction but only while the transaction company is a public sector agency.
11
Direction and control of transaction companies
11 Direction and control of transaction companies
11 Direction and control of transaction companies
(1) A transaction company is subject to the direction and control of the Treasurer in the exercise of any of its functions for the purposes of the authorised transaction but only while the transaction company is a public sector agency.
(2) The Treasurer may give directions for the purposes of the authorised transaction to a transaction company, and to the directors and other officers of a transaction company. Any such directions must be complied with by the transaction company or the directors or other officers concerned.
(3) Directions to a transaction company (or its directors and other officers) under this section can only be given and are only required to be complied with while the transaction company is a public sector agency.
(4) The power to give directions under this section extends to directions with respect to the way in which a transaction company is to conduct its business and other affairs.
(5) Anything done or omitted to be done by a director or other officer of a transaction company in compliance or purported compliance with a direction given by the Treasurer under this Act does not subject the director or officer personally to any action, liability, claim or demand.
Part 4
Arrangements for transfer of assets and the authorised concession
Part 4 Arrangements for transfer of assets and the authorised concession
Part 4 Arrangements for transfer of assets and the authorised concession
12
Vesting orders
12 Vesting orders
12 Vesting orders
(1) Assets, rights and liabilities comprising titling and registry assets may be vested in a specified person by order in writing (a vesting order) made—
(a) by the Treasurer for the purposes of an authorised asset transfer, or
(b) by the portfolio Minister for the purposes of re-vesting on termination.
Note—
Schedule 2 provides for vesting orders.
(2) A vesting order made by the portfolio Minister for the purposes of re-vesting on termination to transfer titling and registry assets to a private sector entity (but not to a public sector agency) requires the approval of the Treasurer.
(3) A vesting order may vary the terms and conditions of any instrument or contract that relates to assets, rights or liabilities to the extent that is necessary or convenient for the purposes of the authorised transaction.
13
Authorised concession arrangements
13 Authorised concession arrangements
13 Authorised concession arrangements
(1) The authorised concession arrangements are to include provision for the following (without limiting the matters for which the authorised concession arrangements can make provision)—
(a) the appointment of a private sector entity as authorised operator,
(b) the grant to the authorised operator of a concession that authorises the authorised operator to maintain the Register and provide specified titling and registry services on the terms and conditions specified in the authorised concession arrangements,
(c) the competition and data protection measures required by this section,
(d) the standards in accordance with which the authorised operator is required to provide titling and registry services,
(e) the delegation to the authorised operator of such titling and registry functions as may be necessary or convenient for the purposes of the authorised concession,
(f) the functions of the portfolio Minister and the Registrar-General for the purposes of the authorised concession.
(2) The competition and data protection measures required by this section are measures that the portfolio Minister is satisfied will—
(a) ensure that electronic forms of the Register are stored on dedicated physical infrastructure located within Australia, and
(b) require the implementation and maintenance by the authorised operator of appropriate data security and fraud detection practices, and
(c) protect current competition and opportunities for future competition in the supply of services downstream from titling and registry services by ensuring fair, transparent and predictable dealing by the authorised operator with customers and service providers, and
(d) ensure that any right, title or interest of the State in information comprised in the Register continues to be held by the State and is not acquired by the authorised operator (without preventing arrangements for the use of information by the authorised operator for the purposes of the authorised concession).
(3) The authorised concession arrangements can include transaction arrangements entered into by the Registrar-General at the direction of the portfolio Minister.
(4) The authorised concession arrangements require the approval of the Treasurer before the authorised concession is established but any variation to those arrangements (including additional arrangements) after commencement of the authorised concession does not require the approval of the Treasurer.
14
Delegation of titling and registry functions
14 Delegation of titling and registry functions
14 Delegation of titling and registry functions
(1) Titling and registry functions of the Registrar-General can be delegated to the authorised operator by the portfolio Minister for the purposes of the authorised concession.
(2) Section 49 (Delegation of functions) of the Interpretation Act 1987 applies to a delegation under this section subject to the following—
(a) the delegation can provide that it cannot be wholly or partly revoked either generally or except in specified circumstances,
(b) the delegation can provide that a delegated function can be exercised only by the delegate and not by the Registrar-General, either generally or in specified circumstances.
(3) Without limiting the conditions to which a delegation may be subject, a delegation under this section may be subject to a condition that requires a delegated function to be exercised in accordance with directions given by the Registrar-General from time to time.
(4) A delegation under this section has effect as a delegation by the Registrar-General.
(5) The authorised operator may exercise a delegated function in the name of the Registrar-General or in its own name.
(6) This section is not limited by section 4A (Registrar-General—delegation and seal of office) of the Real Property Act 1900.
15
Liability of authorised operator for compensation
15 Liability of authorised operator for compensation
15 Liability of authorised operator for compensation
(1) The authorised operator has no liability for loss or damage referred to in section 120 (Proceedings for compensation) of the Real Property Act 1900 that arises from any act or omission of the authorised operator (or any person acting under the direction or control of the authorised operator) in the course of the exercise or purported exercise of titling and registry functions.
(2) A liability referred to in subsection (1) that the authorised operator would have were it not for the operation of that subsection attaches instead to the Registrar-General.
(3) This section does not apply to a liability to the State that arises under the authorised concession arrangements.
16
Penalty provision in authorised concession arrangements
16 Penalty provision in authorised concession arrangements
16 Penalty provision in authorised concession arrangements
(1) The authorised concession arrangements may include provision (a penalty provision) that requires the authorised operator to pay a penalty for a failure by the authorised operator to comply with an obligation under the authorised concession arrangements.
(2) A penalty for which a penalty provision provides may be a specified amount, an amount calculated or determined in a specified manner, or an amount determined by the Registrar-General and not exceeding a specified maximum amount or a maximum amount calculated or determined in a specified manner.
(3) A penalty provision is lawful and enforceable despite imposing a penalty.
(4) A penalty that the authorised operator is liable to pay under a penalty provision is recoverable as a debt due to the State and is to be paid into a fund called the Rectification Retention Account that is to be established in the Special Deposits Account and administered by the portfolio Minister.
(5) There is payable from the Rectification Retention Account—
(a) such amounts as the portfolio Minister may direct for the purpose of rectifying any operational, systems or process issues that arise in connection with the provision of titling and registry services, and
(b) such amounts as the portfolio Minister may direct for any purpose in connection with the provision of titling and registry services that is prescribed by the regulations, and
(c) such amounts as the Treasurer may direct for payment into the Consolidated Fund.
(6) The portfolio Minister may invest money in the Rectification Retention Account—
(a) if the portfolio Minister is a GSF agency for the purposes of Part 6 of the Government Sector Finance Act 2018—in any way that the portfolio Minister is permitted to invest money under that Part, or
(b) if the portfolio Minister is not a GSF agency for the purposes of Part 6 of the Government Sector Finance Act 2018—in any way approved by the Treasurer.
s 16: Am 2018 No 70, Sch 3.37 [1].
17
Grant of relevant authorisations
17 Grant of relevant authorisations
17 Grant of relevant authorisations
(1) The portfolio Minister may by order in writing given to the relevant administering agency direct the grant of a specified relevant authorisation to a person who becomes or who it is proposed will become the authorised operator.
(2) Such a direction (a grant direction) operates to grant the specified relevant authorisation on such terms and conditions and subject to such endorsements as may be specified in the direction, and so operates—
(a) without the need for any action by the relevant administering agency, and
(b) without the need for the making or determination of any application for the relevant authorisation, and
(c) despite any requirement of or restriction imposed by a relevant law in relation to the grant of a relevant authorisation.
(3) A grant direction may only direct the grant of a relevant authorisation that—
(a) operates to transfer or replace a relevant authorisation that is currently in force, and
(b) is subject to terms, conditions or endorsements that are the same (or to substantially the same effect) as those to which that relevant authorisation is subject.
(4) A grant direction may direct the grant of more than one relevant authorisation to transfer or replace an existing relevant authorisation.
(5) The portfolio Minister is to consult with the relevant administering agency before giving a grant direction for a relevant authorisation.
(6) The portfolio Minister may direct the relevant administering agency to give effect to a grant direction by formally granting, and issuing the appropriate documentation for, the relevant authorisation concerned. The relevant administering agency must comply with the portfolio Minister’s direction within the period specified in the direction.
(7) Anything done by a public sector agency in compliance with a condition or endorsement of a relevant authorisation in relation to titling and registry assets is taken to have been done by the authorised operator for the purposes of any corresponding condition or endorsement of a relevant authorisation granted to the authorised operator pursuant to this section.
(8) In this section—
grant includes issue and transfer.
relevant administering agency, in relation to a relevant authorisation, means the public sector agency or public official having the function of granting the relevant authorisation.
relevant authorisation means a licence, permit, consent, entitlement, accreditation, exemption or other authorisation held by a public sector agency.
18
Further authorised concession on termination of authorised concession
18 Further authorised concession on termination of authorised concession
18 Further authorised concession on termination of authorised concession
(1) If the original authorised concession established under this Act is terminated before its term expires, this Act authorises the establishment of another authorised concession (a re-tender concession) and for that purpose this Act applies as if the re-tender concession were the original authorised concession.
(2) Because this Act applies as if the re-tender concession were the original authorised concession, an authorised asset transfer and re-vesting on termination can occur in connection with the re-tender concession and not just the original authorised concession.
(3) A re-tender concession cannot be granted so as to result in the authorised operator under the re-tender concession (or any related entity) being the same entity as the authorised operator under the original authorised concession.
(4) As with the original authorised concession, a re-tender concession can be for a term of up to 35 years and is not limited to the remaining term of the original authorised concession.
(5) If a re-tender concession is established, this section then applies to the re-tender concession as if it were the original authorised concession established under this Act (so as to authorise a further re-tender concession if the re-tender concession that is now treated as the original authorised concession is itself terminated). Accordingly, a re-tender concession with a term of up to 35 years can be established whenever the current authorised concession is terminated.
(6) This Act does not authorise more than one authorised concession except as provided by this section.
Part 5
Arrangements for transfer of staff
Part 5 Arrangements for transfer of staff
Part 5 Arrangements for transfer of staff
19
Relevant employees
19 Relevant employees
19 Relevant employees
In this Act, relevant employee means a person employed in a public sector agency and engaged in the exercise of titling and registry functions, and includes a person who was so employed and engaged immediately before the person’s employment was transferred under this Part to the employment of another public sector agency.
20
Transfers of staff within public sector
20 Transfers of staff within public sector
20 Transfers of staff within public sector
(1) The Treasurer may, for the purposes of the authorised transaction, by order in writing transfer the employment of a relevant employee to the employment of another public sector agency.
(2) A transfer of employment under this section does not require the consent of the person transferred.
(3) An employee whose employment is transferred under this section is (until other provision is duly made under any Act or law) to be employed in accordance with any relevant statutory provisions, awards, agreements and determinations that would have applied to the employee had the employee remained a relevant employee.
(4) The Treasurer may negotiate and enter into agreements or industrial instruments concerning workplace relations for or on behalf of a public sector agency in connection with the operation of this section.
21
Transfers of staff to private sector employment
21 Transfers of staff to private sector employment
21 Transfers of staff to private sector employment
(1) The Treasurer may, for the purposes of the authorised transaction, by order in writing transfer the employment of a relevant employee (a transferred employee) to the employment of a private sector entity (the new employer).
(2) A transfer of employment under this section does not require the consent of the relevant employee transferred.
(3) The terms and conditions of employment of a transferred employee with the new employer are—
(a) except in the case of a contract employee—the terms and conditions that applied to the employee under a State industrial instrument as a relevant employee immediately before the transfer of employment, or
(b) in the case of a contract employee—the terms and conditions determined by the Treasurer and specified in the order that transfers the employee’s employment.
(4) Those terms and conditions cannot be varied during any employment guarantee period for the transferred employee except by agreement entered into by or on behalf of the transferred employee or in accordance with the Fair Work Act 2009 of the Commonwealth.
(5) The employment of a transferred employee with the new employer cannot be terminated by the new employer during any employment guarantee period for the transferred employee, except—
(a) for serious misconduct, or
(b) pursuant to the proper application of reasonable disciplinary procedures, or
(c) by agreement with the employee.
(6) There is an employment guarantee period for transferred employees who are permanent or temporary employees, as follows—
(a) for permanent employees the employment guarantee period is 4 years after the transfer date,
(b) for temporary employees the employment guarantee period is the remainder of the employee’s current term of employment (as specified in the arrangements under which the employee was engaged as a temporary employee) immediately before the transfer date or the period of 4 years after the transfer date, whichever period ends first.
Note—
There is no employment guarantee period for contract employees or casual employees. The employment of a transferred employee who is a contract employee remains governed by the contract of employment.
(7) In this section—
casual employee means an employee whose employment is in a category of employment that is described in or classified under a State industrial instrument as casual employment or who is otherwise engaged as a casual employee.
contract employee means an employee whose terms and conditions of employment are provided by an individual contract and not by a State industrial instrument.
permanent employee means an employee whose employment is of indefinite duration and who is not a casual employee, temporary employee or contract employee.
temporary employee means an employee (other than a casual employee or contract employee) whose employment is in a category of employment that is described in or classified under a State industrial instrument as temporary employment or whose employment is, under the terms of his or her employment, for a limited period.
transfer date means the date on which the employment of a transferred employee is transferred under this section to the new employer.
22
Continuity of entitlements of transferred employees
22 Continuity of entitlements of transferred employees
22 Continuity of entitlements of transferred employees
(1) On the transfer of an employee’s employment from one employer (the current employer) to another employer (the new employer) by order under this Part or by a subsequent intra-business transfer, the following provisions have effect—
(a) the employee is entitled to continue as a contributor, member or employee for the purposes of any superannuation scheme in respect of which he or she was a contributor, member or employee (as an employee of the current employer) immediately before the transfer of employment and remains so entitled subject to any variation to that entitlement made either by agreement or otherwise in accordance with law,
(b) the new employer is taken to be an employer for the purposes of any superannuation scheme in respect of which the employee continues as a contributor, member or employee pursuant to an entitlement under this section,
(c) the continuity of the employee’s employment is taken not to have been broken by the transfer of employment, and service of the employee with the current employer (including service deemed to be service with the current employer) that is continuous service up to the time of transfer is deemed for all purposes to be service with the new employer,
(d) the employee retains any rights to sick leave, annual leave or extended or long service leave accrued or accruing immediately before the transfer (except accrued leave for which the employee has, on ceasing to be an employee of the current employer, been paid the monetary value in pursuance of any other entitlement of the employee).
(2) A subsequent intra-business transfer is a transfer of employment of a former relevant employee from one employer to another that results in the transferred employee remaining employed in or in connection with the business of providing titling and registry services. A former relevant employee is an employee who was a relevant employee before the employee’s initial transfer by order under this Part to employment by a private sector entity.
(3) The Treasurer may in connection with the operation of this Part give a certificate in writing as to the extent of the accrued rights to annual leave, extended or long service leave or sick leave that are retained by the employee under this Part, and such a certificate is evidence of the matters certified.
(4) Nothing in the Long Service Leave Act 1955 prevents payment in connection with the transfer under this Act of the employment of an employee to the employment of a private sector entity of the monetary value of long service leave in lieu of an entitlement to that leave accrued as a relevant employee before the transfer of the employee’s employment.
(5) An employee is not entitled in respect of the same period of service to claim a benefit under this Act and another law or instrument.
23
Operation of other laws and entitlements
23 Operation of other laws and entitlements
23 Operation of other laws and entitlements
The following provisions apply in relation to the transfer of a person’s employment under this Part—
(a) the transfer has effect despite any other law, contract or instrument under a law,
(b) the transfer does not constitute a retrenchment, redundancy or termination of employment at the initiative of the Crown or any other public sector agency,
(c) the person transferred is not entitled to any payment or other benefit by reason only of having ceased to be an employee of a public sector agency as a result of the transfer,
(d) a public sector agency is not required to make any payment to the transferred person in relation to the transferred person’s accrued rights in respect of annual leave, sick leave or extended or long service leave.
24
Operation of Commonwealth law
24 Operation of Commonwealth law
24 Operation of Commonwealth law
A provision of this Act (including a provision to the extent that it imposes or continues a term or condition of employment) has no effect to the extent of any inconsistency with any provision of the Fair Work Act 2009 of the Commonwealth or of any instrument under that Act.
Part 6
Emergency step-in powers
Part 6 Emergency step-in powers
Part 6 Emergency step-in powers
25
Definitions
25 Definitions
25 Definitions
In this Part—
Administration Order means an Administration Order under this Part.
Administrator means the Administrator appointed under this Part for the purposes of an Administration Order.
land titles business of the authorised operator means the business of the authorised operator that provides titling and registry services.
land titles operations means any activity carried on in connection with the operation, or control of the operation, of the land titles business of the authorised operator.
26
Power to issue Administration Order
26 Power to issue Administration Order
26 Power to issue Administration Order
The portfolio Minister may issue an Administration Order for the land titles business of the authorised operator if the portfolio Minister thinks it is reasonably necessary to do so to avert a threat or likely threat to the integrity of the Register.
27
What Administration Order authorises
27 What Administration Order authorises
27 What Administration Order authorises
(1) An Administration Order authorises the portfolio Minister to take control, in accordance with the terms of the Order, of the operation of the land titles business of the authorised operator for the purpose of ensuring the integrity of the Register.
(2) The portfolio Minister is to appoint an Administrator on terms and conditions determined by the portfolio Minister to operate the land titles business of the authorised operator in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Administrator’s appointment and the directions of the portfolio Minister.
(3) The portfolio Minister may revoke the appointment of the Administrator at any time.
28
Powers of Administrator
28 Powers of Administrator
28 Powers of Administrator
(1) The Administrator has power to do all things that are necessary or convenient for the exercise of the Administrator’s functions under this Part.
(2) Without limitation, the Administrator may enter and remain on any land or premises where land titles operations are carried on.
(3) A relevant person must provide all reasonable assistance to the Administrator for the purpose of facilitating the exercise of the functions of the Administrator.
Maximum penalty—7,500 penalty units (in the case of a corporation) and 500 penalty units (in any other case).
(4) A person must not hinder or obstruct the Administrator in the exercise of the Administrator’s functions under this Part.
Maximum penalty—10,000 penalty units (in the case of a corporation) and 500 penalty units (in any other case).
(5) In this section—
relevant person means a person who is an occupier of land or premises where land titles operations are carried on or who in their capacity as an officer or employee of the authorised operator has functions in connection with land titles operations.
29
Obligations of authorised operator
29 Obligations of authorised operator
29 Obligations of authorised operator
(1) While an Administration Order is in force, the authorised operator must co-operate with the portfolio Minister and the Administrator to facilitate the exercise of functions under the Order.
(2) In particular, the authorised operator must—
(a) provide all reasonable assistance to the portfolio Minister and Administrator to facilitate the carrying on of land titles operations under the Order, and
(b) comply with all reasonable directions of the portfolio Minister or Administrator to facilitate the carrying on of land titles operations under the Order, and
(c) facilitate access by the portfolio Minister and Administrator to any land or premises where land titles operations are carried on, and
(d) provide any information requested by the portfolio Minister or Administrator and that is reasonably required to facilitate the carrying on of land titles operations under the Order.
Maximum penalty—5,000 penalty units.
30
Costs of administration
30 Costs of administration
30 Costs of administration
(1) Costs reasonably incurred by or on behalf of the portfolio Minister or the Administrator in the exercise of functions under an Administration Order are payable by the authorised operator unless the threat or likely threat in connection with which the Order was made is not the result of any failure by the authorised operator to comply with the obligations of the authorised operator under the authorised concession arrangements.
(2) Costs payable by the authorised operator are recoverable by the portfolio Minister as a debt due to the Crown and may also be recovered by being deducted by the Administrator from revenues from land titles operations.
(3) Revenues from land titles operations conducted by the Administrator are (after deduction of any amount authorised by this section) payable to the person who would be entitled to the revenues arising from operation by the authorised operator.
(4) A certificate of the portfolio Minister as to the amount of the costs recoverable from the authorised operator under this section is evidence of the matters certified.
31
Liability of Administrator and others
31 Liability of Administrator and others
31 Liability of Administrator and others
A matter or thing done or omitted to be done by the Administrator or a person acting under the direction of the Administrator does not, if the matter or thing was done or omitted to be done in good faith for the purpose of executing this Part, subject the Administrator or a person so acting personally to any action, liability, claim or demand.
32
Procedure for Administration Order
32 Procedure for Administration Order
32 Procedure for Administration Order
(1) An Administration Order is to be issued in writing and the portfolio Minister is to notify the authorised operator of the issuing of the Order.
(2) An Administration Order remains in force until it is revoked.
(3) The portfolio Minister may revoke an Administration Order at any time by notice in writing to the authorised operator.
(4) This Part can apply to part of the land titles business of the authorised operator and for that purpose an Administration Order can be issued for part of that business.
Part 7
Operation of other laws
Part 7 Operation of other laws
Part 7 Operation of other laws
33
State taxes
33 State taxes
33 State taxes
(1) In this section—
relevant matter means any of the following—
(a) any transaction arrangement,
(b) a vesting of assets, rights or liabilities by vesting order and anything certified by the Treasurer as having been done in consequence of such a vesting (for example, the transfer or registration of an interest in land),
(c) the issue, disposal or purchase of shares or other securities or interest in or issued by an entity for the purposes of the authorised transaction,
(d) such other matters for the purposes of the authorised transaction as may be prescribed by the regulations.
State tax means application, transfer or registration fees, duty under the Duties Act 1997 or any other tax, duty, fee or charge imposed by any Act or law of the State.
(2) State tax is not payable by a public sector agency in relation to a relevant matter.
(3) The Treasurer may by order in writing direct that subsection (2) does not apply to a public sector agency either generally or in respect of a particular relevant matter or class of relevant matters.
(4) State tax is not payable by a person or body (other than a public sector agency) in relation to a relevant matter to such extent (if any) as the Treasurer may direct by order in writing, either generally or in a particular case.
(5) An order may be made by the Treasurer under this section before or after the liability to pay the State tax concerned accrues.
(6) The Treasurer must give a copy of an order under this section to the Chief Commissioner of State Revenue.
34
General relationship of Act with other State legislation
34 General relationship of Act with other State legislation
34 General relationship of Act with other State legislation
(1) None of the provisions of the Real Property Act 1900 operate to prevent, restrict or otherwise limit the entering into or carrying out of a transaction arrangement or the exercise of a function for the purposes of the authorised transaction.
(2) In the event of any inconsistency between the provisions of this Act or the regulations and a provision of any other State legislation that is prescribed by the regulations as an inconsistent provision for the purposes of this section, the provisions of this Act or the regulations (as the case may be) prevail to the extent of the inconsistency.
(3) The requirements of any other Act (whether enacted before or after this Act) for the approval by resolution of either or both Houses of Parliament (or by Act) of any act that constitutes any aspect of the authorised transaction is satisfied by the enactment of this Act.
35
Displacement of Corporations legislation
35 Displacement of Corporations legislation
35 Displacement of Corporations legislation
The following provisions of this Act are declared to be Corporations legislation displacement provisions for the purposes of section 5G of the Corporations Act in relation to the provisions of the Corporations legislation generally—
(a) section 4 (Authorisation for asset transfer, concession and re-vesting),
(b) section 9 (Establishment of transaction companies),
(c) section 11 (Direction and control of transaction companies),
(d) Part 6 (Emergency step-in powers).
36
Competition authorisation for electronic conveyancing
36 Competition authorisation for electronic conveyancing
36 Competition authorisation for electronic conveyancing
(1) Giving effect to a requirement of the Conveyancing Rules that a conveyancing transaction must be lodged using an Electronic Lodgment Network is conduct that is specifically authorised by this Act for the purposes of the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 of the Commonwealth and the Competition Code of New South Wales.
(2) Conduct authorised by this section is authorised only to the extent (if any) that it would otherwise contravene Part IV of the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 of the Commonwealth and the Competition Code of New South Wales.
(3) In this section—
giving effect to a requirement includes—
(a) complying with any obligation arising in connection with the requirement, and
(b) exercising or enforcing any right or power arising in connection with the requirement.
Note—
Section 51 of the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 of the Commonwealth and the Competition Code of New South Wales provide that anything that is authorised by an Act is to be disregarded in deciding whether a person has contravened Part IV of the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 and the Competition Code (which relates to restrictive trade practices).
(1) The State Records Act 1998 applies to and in respect of the authorised operator as if the authorised operator were a public office under that Act, but only for the purposes of and in connection with the exercise by the authorised operator of titling and registry functions.
(2) For the purposes of the application of the State Records Act 1998 to and in respect of the authorised operator, the exercise by the authorised operator of titling and registry functions is considered to be the exercise of official functions in a public office.
(3) Any approval or permission in force under the State Records Act 1998 in connection with the exercise by the Registrar-General of a titling and registry function extends to the exercise of the function by the authorised operator.
(2) The Registrar-General and the authorised operator are each authorised to disclose information to the other for the purposes of the authorised transaction and for the purpose of facilitating the exercise of titling and registry functions by the authorised operator.
40
Release of information by Auditor-General
40 Release of information by Auditor-General
40 Release of information by Auditor-General
Section 38 (Secrecy) of the Government Sector Audit Act 1983 does not apply to or in respect of a report or communication that the Treasurer authorises the Auditor-General to make to a person for the purposes of the authorised transaction or for the purposes of the audit (before or after the completion of the authorised asset transfer) of records relating to titling and registry assets transferred pursuant to the authorised transaction.
s 40: Am 2018 No 70, Sch 4.58.
41
Contracts for sale of land
41 Contracts for sale of land
41 Contracts for sale of land
Section 52A of the Conveyancing Act 1919 does not apply to a contract entered into for the purposes of the authorised transaction.
42
Revenues of authorised operator
42 Revenues of authorised operator
42 Revenues of authorised operator
(1) Money collected, received or held by or on behalf of the authorised operator in connection with the exercise of any titling and registry functions is collected, received or held by the authorised operator on its own account and for its own use and benefit and not for or on behalf of the State.
Note—
Accordingly any such money is not required to be paid into the Consolidated Fund under section 39 of the Constitution Act 1902.
(2) This section does not affect the requirement under section 134 of the Real Property Act 1900 for payment of an amount into the Torrens Assurance Fund from fees paid to the Registrar-General, and fees paid to the authorised operator as delegate of the Registrar-General are subject to that requirement.
43
Protection against breach of contractual and other obligations
43 Protection against breach of contractual and other obligations
43 Protection against breach of contractual and other obligations
(1) The following matters and things are protected by this section—
(a) the operation of this Act (including any regulation or order under this Act),
(b) the transfer of titling and registry assets for the purposes of the authorised transaction,
(c) the entering into or performance of obligations under a transaction, agreement or other arrangement for the purposes of the authorised transaction,
(d) a disclosure of information by, on behalf of or with the consent of a public sector agency for the purposes of the authorised transaction,
(e) anything else done or omitted to be done under or for the purposes of this Act or the authorised transaction.
(2) None of the matters or things protected by this section are to be regarded as—
(a) a breach of contract or confidence or otherwise as a civil wrong, or
(b) a breach of any instrument (including, without limitation, any provision prohibiting, restricting or regulating the assignment or transfer of assets, rights or liabilities) or as requiring any act to be done under an instrument, or
(c) giving rise to any right or remedy by a party to a contract or other instrument, or as causing or permitting the termination of, or exercise of rights under, any contract or other instrument, or
(d) an event of default under any contract or other instrument, or
(e) giving rise to a breach of or an offence against a provision of an Act that prohibits or restricts the disclosure of information, or
(f) releasing a surety or other obligee wholly or in part from an obligation.
(3) This section does not affect rights and obligations that arise under a transaction, agreement or other arrangement entered into for the purposes of the authorised transaction.
(4) In this section, instrument means an instrument (other than an instrument made under this Act) or any other document that creates, modifies or extinguishes rights or liabilities (or would do so if lodged, filed or registered in accordance with any law), and includes any judgment, order, process or other instrument issued by a court or tribunal.
44
Compensation not payable
44 Compensation not payable
44 Compensation not payable
(1) Compensation is not payable by or on behalf of the State—
(a) because of the enactment or operation of this Act, or for any consequence of that enactment or operation, or
(b) because of any statement or conduct relating to the enactment of this Act.
(2) This section does not extend to compensation payable under a transaction arrangement to a party to the transaction arrangement in connection with the performance of obligations under the transaction arrangement.
(3) In this section—
compensation includes damages or any other form of monetary compensation.
conduct includes any act or omission, whether unconscionable, misleading, deceptive or otherwise.
operation of this Act includes the operation of any notice or order under this Act and any agreement entered into under or for the purposes of this Act.
statement includes a representation of any kind—
(a) whether made verbally or in writing, and
(b) whether negligent, false, misleading or otherwise.
the State means the Crown within the meaning of the Crown Proceedings Act 1988, and includes a public sector agency and an officer, employee or agent of the Crown or a public sector agency.
Part 8
Miscellaneous
Part 8 Miscellaneous
Part 8 Miscellaneous
45
Delegation
45 Delegation
45 Delegation
(1) The Treasurer may delegate any function of the Treasurer under this Act except this power of delegation to any of the following—
(a) the portfolio Minister or any other Minister,
(b) the Secretary of the Treasury,
(c) any Public Service employee prescribed by the regulations.
(2) The portfolio Minister may with the approval of the Treasurer delegate any function of the portfolio Minister under this Act except this power of delegation to the Registrar-General or any other member of staff of the Department of Finance, Services and Innovation.
46
Act to bind State and other jurisdictions
46 Act to bind State and other jurisdictions
46 Act to bind State and other jurisdictions
(1) This Act binds the State and, in so far as the legislative power of the Parliament of New South Wales permits, the other States, the Territories and the Commonwealth.
(2) Without limiting subsection (1), this Act has effect despite any privilege or immunity of the Crown in any of its capacities.
(3) This Act does not make any State or Territory, the Commonwealth, or the Crown in any of its capacities, liable to be prosecuted for an offence.
(4) A reference in this section to a State, Territory or the Commonwealth includes a reference to the Government of the State, Territory or Commonwealth.
47
Extraterritorial operation of Act
47 Extraterritorial operation of Act
47 Extraterritorial operation of Act
(1) It is the intention of the Parliament of New South Wales that the operation of this Act should, as far as possible, include operation in relation to the following—
(a) things situated in or outside the territorial limits of the State,
(b) acts, transactions and matters done, entered into or occurring in or outside the territorial limits of the State,
(c) things, acts, transactions and matters (wherever situated, done, entered into or occurring) that would, apart from this Act, be governed or otherwise affected by the law of another State, a Territory, the Commonwealth or a foreign country.
(2) Without limiting subsection (1), it is the intention of the Parliament of New South Wales that the provisions of this Act have an operation in relation to the things, acts, transactions and matters referred to in that subsection even if the rules of private international law (whether at general law or as provided by legislation) would require the application of a law other than this Act instead of the provisions of this Act.
48
Construction of Act and instruments so as not to exceed legislative power
48 Construction of Act and instruments so as not to exceed legislative power
48 Construction of Act and instruments so as not to exceed legislative power
(1) Unless a contrary intention appears, if a provision of this Act or an instrument made under this Act—
(a) would, apart from this section, have an invalid application, but
(b) also has at least one valid application,
it is the intention of the Parliament of New South Wales that the provision is not to have the invalid application, but is to have every valid application.
(2) Despite subsection (1), the provision is not to have a particular valid application if—
(a) apart from this section, it is clear, taking into account the provision’s context and the purposes or objects underlying this Act, that the provision was intended to have that valid application only if every invalid application, or a particular invalid application, of the provision had also been within the legislative power of the Parliament of New South Wales, or
(b) the provision’s operation in relation to that valid application would be different in a substantial respect from what would have been its operation in relation to that valid application if every invalid application, or a particular invalid application, of the provision had been within the legislative power of the Parliament of New South Wales.
(3) Subsection (2) does not limit the cases in which a contrary intention may be taken to appear for the purposes of subsection (1).
(4) This section is in addition to, and not in derogation of, section 31 of the Interpretation Act 1987.
(5) In this section—
application means an application in relation to—
(a) one or more particular persons, things, matters, places, circumstances or cases, or
(b) one or more classes (however defined or determined) of persons, things, matters, places, circumstances or cases.
invalid application, in relation to a provision, means an application because of which the provision exceeds the legislative power of the Parliament of New South Wales.
valid application, in relation to a provision, means an application which, if it were the provision’s only application, would be within the legislative power of the Parliament of New South Wales.
49
Orders
49 Orders
49 Orders
(1) An order made under a provision of this Act takes effect at the beginning of the day on which it is made, unless the order otherwise provides.
(2) An order cannot provide for the order to take effect earlier than the beginning of the day on which it is made (but can provide for the order to take effect at a time on the day on which it is made that is earlier than the time at which it is made).
(3) A document purporting to be an order made under a provision of this Act is, unless the contrary is established, taken to be such an order and to have been properly made.
(4) A certificate purporting to be signed by the Treasurer or an officer prescribed by the regulations certifying that an order specified or referred to in the certificate is an order made under a specified provision of this Act is admissible in evidence in any legal proceedings and is evidence of the matters certified.
(5) A provision of another Act that results from an amendment made by this Act and that provides for the making of an order is deemed for the purposes of this section to be a provision of this Act (and the order is deemed to be an order made under a provision of this Act).
50
Service of documents
50 Service of documents
50 Service of documents
(1) A document that is authorised or required by this Act or the regulations to be served on any person may be served by any of the following methods—
(a) in the case of an individual—by personal delivery to the person,
(b) by post to the address specified by the person for the service of documents of that kind,
(c) in the case of an individual who has not specified such an address—by post to the residential or business address of the person last known to the person serving the document,
(d) in the case of a corporation—by post to the registered office or any other office of the corporation or by leaving it at any such office with a person apparently over the age of 16 years,
(e) by email to an email address specified by the person for the service of documents of that kind,
(f) by any other method authorised by the regulations for the service of documents of that kind.
(2) Nothing in this section affects the operation of any provision of a law or of the rules of a court authorising a document to be served on a person by any other method.
(3) In this section, serve includes give or send.
51
Proceedings for offences
51 Proceedings for offences
51 Proceedings for offences
(1) Proceedings for an offence against this Act are to be dealt with summarily before the Local Court.
(2) Proceedings for an offence against this Act may instead be dealt with summarily before the Supreme Court in its summary jurisdiction.
(3) Proceedings for an offence against this Act may be instituted at any time within 2 years after the commission of the offence.
(4) The maximum monetary penalty that may be imposed by the Local Court in proceedings for an offence against this Act is 100 penalty units (in the case of a corporation) and 50 penalty units (in any other case).
(5) The maximum penalty that may be imposed by the Supreme Court in proceedings for an offence against this Act is the maximum penalty specified by the relevant section of this Act in respect of the offence.
52
Regulations
52 Regulations
52 Regulations
The Governor may make regulations, not inconsistent with this Act, for or with respect to any matter that by this Act is required or permitted to be prescribed or that is necessary or convenient to be prescribed for carrying out or giving effect to this Act.
Schedule 1
Interpretative provisions
Schedule 1 Interpretative provisions
Schedule 1 Interpretative provisions
Schedule 2
Vesting of assets, rights and liabilities
Schedule 2 Vesting of assets, rights and liabilities
Schedule 2 Vesting of assets, rights and liabilities
(Section 12)
Schedule 3
Savings, transitional and other provisions
Schedule 3 Savings, transitional and other provisions
Schedule 3 Savings, transitional and other provisions
Schedule 4
Schedule 4
Schedule 4 (Repealed)
sch 4: Rep 1987 No 15, sec 30C.
Source text: opening excerpt
Sourced from legislation.nsw.gov.au, CC BY 4.0.
Part 1 Preliminary
Part 1 Preliminary
Part 1 Preliminary
1 Name of Act
1 Name of Act
1 Name of Act
This Act is the Land and Property Information NSW (Authorised Transaction) Act 2016.
2 Commencement
2 Commencement
2 Commencement
(1) This Act commences on the date of assent to this Act except as provided by this section.
(2) Schedule 4 (Amendment of Acts) commences on a day or days to be appointed by proclamation.
3 Interpretation—key definitions
3 Interpretation—key definitions
3 Interpretation—key definitions
Note—
Schedule 1 contains other interpretative provisions. The Interpretation Act 1987 contains definitions and other provisions that affect the interpretation and application of this Act.
In this Act—
authorised concession—see section 4.
authorised operator means a private sector entity appointed as the authorised operator by the authorised concession arrangements.
authorised transaction—see section 4.
titling and registry assets means assets, rights and liabilities used, accrued or incurred in the course of or otherwise in connection with the exercise of titling and registry functions.
titling and registry functions means functions of the Registrar-General that are exercised in the course of or in connection with the administration or execution of the Real Property Act 1900, the Conveyancing Act 1919 or any other Act.
titling and registry services means services provided in the exercise of titling and registry functions.
Part 2 The authorised transaction
Part 2 The authorised transaction
Part 2 The authorised transaction
4 Authorisation for asset transfer, concession and re-vesting
4 Authorisation for asset transfer, concession and re-vesting
4 Authorisation for asset transfer, concession and re-vesting
(1) This Act authorises the following (collectively referred to in this Act as the authorised transaction)—
Authorises the Treasurer to establish transaction companies, to hold shares in them and to direct their affairs while they remain public sector agencies; and the Act provides that, absent express agreement, transaction companies do not represent the State and their debts are not State-guaranteed (s 9-11).
Permits delegation of titling and registry functions by the Registrar-General to the authorised operator, including delegations that cannot be revoked or that supplant Registrar-General exercise of the functions (s 14). The authorised operator may act in its own name or in the name of the Registrar-General (s 14(5)).
Re-allocates statutory liability for compensation under s 120 of the Real Property Act 1900 from the authorised operator to the Registrar-General, so the authorised operator has no liability for such compensation but the Registrar-General does (s 15).
Provides for contractual enforcement and remedy architecture within the concession: penalty provisions are expressly permitted and enforceable, with penalties payable to a Rectification Retention Account administered by the portfolio Minister and available for rectification and other prescribed purposes (s 16).
Includes emergency step-in powers allowing the portfolio Minister to issue Administration Orders to take control of the land titles business where necessary to avert a threat to the integrity of the Register, and to appoint an Administrator with statutory powers and immunities (Part 6, ss 26-32).
Modifies the interaction with other legislation: it authorises conduct that would otherwise be a competition law contravention in relation to a Conveyancing Rules requirement to use an Electronic Lodgment Network (s 36); it displaces specified Corporations Act effects in accordance with s 5G, in respect of certain provisions (s 35); and it excludes Part 6 of the Government Sector Finance Act 2018 from application to transaction arrangements (s 37).
Deals with staff transitions, including ministerial orders transferring relevant employees within the public sector or to private sector employment without employee consent, and prescribes employment guarantee periods, continuity of entitlements and superannuation continuity (Part 5, ss 19-24).
These mechanical changes reallocate asset ownership, operational responsibility, revenue flows, statutory liabilities and governance controls for titling and registry functions. The Act accomplishes transfers and functional delegations by statutory fiat,vesting orders and grant directions,rather than relying exclusively on standard contract or common law assignment mechanisms (s 12; s 17; Schedule 2). The Treasurer and portfolio Minister are given multiple, overlapping powers to determine the form and conduct of the authorised transaction, and the Act provides procedural simplifications for registering vestings and for taking directions to registration authorities (Schedule 2 cl 8).
The Act contains express protections and qualifications: State ownership of register information is preserved in the authorised concession arrangements (s 13(2)(d)); privacy and State Records obligations are applied to the authorised operator in respect of titling and registry functions (ss 38-39); and some State taxes can be excluded by Treasury order, with a mechanism to reimburse public agencies where tax liabilities are incurred in connection with transaction arrangements (s 33; s 5(2)). At the same time the Act shields the Crown from compensation claims for the enactment or operation of the Act itself (s 44), and creates statutory non‑breach protections for participants and public sector agencies in relation to matters done for the authorised transaction (s 43).
The Act’s stated structure is primarily an authorising and enabling statute. It specifies the instruments the executive may use, prescribes limits such as the 35 year cap on concessions and employee guarantee periods, and allocates revenues, liabilities and administrative remedies for operational failure.
Main concepts
The Act defines and repeatedly uses a short set of interrelated concepts that determine how it operates.
Titling and registry functions, services and assets. The Act defines titling and registry functions as functions of the Registrar‑General exercised in the course of or in connection with administration or execution of the Real Property Act 1900, the Conveyancing Act 1919 or any other Act (s 3). Titling and registry assets are the assets, rights and liabilities used, accrued or incurred in the course of or otherwise in connection with the exercise of those functions (s 3; Sch 1 cl 6). The Register means the Register kept under the Real Property Act and any register kept under the Conveyancing Act (Sch 1 cl 1).
Authorised transaction. A statutory bundle authorising asset transfers, a concession to a private operator, and re‑vesting on termination (s 4). The Act treats any act done for effecting or facilitating the authorised transaction as being for that purpose (Sch 1 cl 7).
Authorised operator and authorised concession. The authorised operator is the private sector entity appointed as operator by the authorised concession arrangements (s 3). The authorised concession arrangements set appointment, delegated functions, standards, competition and data protection measures, and other matters necessary for the concession (s 13).
Vesting orders and transaction arrangements. Vesting orders (written orders made by the Treasurer or portfolio Minister) are the primary instrument for transferring titling and registry assets (s 12; Schedule 2). Transaction arrangements are the agreements or other arrangements entered into by a public sector agency for purposes of the authorised transaction (Sch 1 cl 1).
Treasurer and portfolio Minister roles. The Treasurer has overall responsibility and wide powers to effect the authorised transaction, establish transaction companies and set how transfers are effected (s 6; s 9). The portfolio Minister is responsible for concession and re‑vesting aspects, including making vesting orders for re‑vesting on termination, and directs the Registrar‑General on concession matters (s 7; s 12).
Delegation and exercise of statutory functions. The Registrar‑General may delegate titling and registry functions to the authorised operator; delegations may be non‑revocable and can provide that delegated functions are exercisable only by the delegate (s 14). The authorised operator may operate in its own name or the Registrar‑General’s name when exercising delegated functions (s 14(5)).
Financial flows and accounts. Proceeds payable to the State are to be paid into the Restart NSW Fund, subject to Treasurer‑approved deductions for liabilities and costs (s 5). Penalties under concession penalty provisions are recoverable as debts and paid into a Rectification Retention Account in the Special Deposits Account administered by the portfolio Minister; those funds are available for rectification and other prescribed uses (s 16).
Staff transfer mechanics. Relevant employees are employees engaged in titling and registry functions (s 19). The Treasurer may transfer employment between public sector agencies or to private employers by order without employee consent; the Act prescribes employment guarantee periods and protections for continuity of entitlements (ss 20-22).
Emergency step‑in and Administrator powers. The portfolio Minister may issue an Administration Order if reasonably necessary to avert a threat to the integrity of the Register, and may appoint an Administrator to take control of land titles operations with broad powers including entry, control and direction (ss 26-28). Administrative costs may be charged to the authorised operator unless the event was not caused by operator failure (s 30).
Interaction with other laws and exclusions. The Act prioritises its operation over inconsistent State legislation as prescribed, disapplies certain financial provisions of the Government Sector Finance Act 2018 for transaction arrangements (s 37), deems authorised operator to be a public office for State Records Act purposes when exercising titling functions (s 38), and deems the authorised operator a public sector agency under the privacy regime for titling and registry functions (s 39). It also declares some sections to be Corporations Act displacement provisions for s 5G of the Corporations Act (s 35).
Protections and limitations on remedies. The Act creates statutory protections for matters done for the authorised transaction against breaches of contract, confidence or other civil wrongs, and against penal consequences arising from disclosure orders (s 43). It also precludes compensation by the State for enactment or operation of the Act, except in respect of compensation payable under a transaction arrangement (s 44).
These concepts are tightly interconnected: vesting orders and grant directions alter legal title and authorisations; delegations transfer operational functions; staff transfers move human capital; and financial and liability reallocation rules determine who gains revenues and who bears particular statutory liabilities. The Act centralises discretion with the Treasurer and portfolio Minister while creating administrative mechanisms to operationalise a private provider delivering core registry services subject to specified requirements.
Who it affects
This Act changes legal relationships for multiple, discrete groups. Who pays, who decides, who operates and who bears legal risks are all specified or affected directly.
Public sector decision‑makers and agencies
The Treasurer and portfolio Minister. The Treasurer has overarching decision rights to direct how the authorised transaction is effected, establish transaction companies, determine asset vestings and approve concession arrangements (s 6; s 9; s 13(4); Schedule 2 cl 7). The portfolio Minister directs concession implementation, may make vesting orders for re‑vesting on termination (s 7; s 12(1)-(2)), and administers the Rectification Retention Account for penalties (s 16).
The Registrar‑General. The Registrar‑General keeps statutory functions but may be given directions and may delegate functions to the authorised operator (s 8; s 14). Directions from the Treasurer or portfolio Minister must be complied with by the Registrar‑General (s 8(3)). The Registrar‑General is the statutory entity to which certain liabilities (for compensation under Real Property Act s 120) attach if the authorised operator would otherwise have been liable (s 15).
Public sector agencies that hold titling and registry assets. Assets, rights and liabilities used in titling and registry functions can be vested out of or into public sector agencies by vesting order (s 12; Schedule 2). A public sector agency is protected from State tax on relevant matters unless the Treasurer orders otherwise, and can be designated as transferee or transferor with accounting directions by the Treasurer (s 33; Schedule 2 cl 9).
Private sector entities and authorised operator
Authorised operator and related entities. A private sector entity appointed as authorised operator is the primary operational party to provide titling and registry services under delegated functions and concession arrangements (s 3; s 13). The authorised operator collects and holds fees and revenues on its own account in relation to titling services (s 42(1)), subject to the statutory requirement for the Torrens Assurance Fund from fees paid to the Registrar‑General (s 42(2)). The authorised operator is entitled to act under delegation in its own name or the Registrar‑General’s name (s 14(5)). The authorised operator may also be subject to enforceable penalty provisions under the concession, with penalties payable into the Rectification Retention Account (s 16).
Downstream service providers and customers. The authorised concession arrangements must include measures to protect current and future competition downstream of titling and registry services by ensuring fair, transparent and predictable dealing by the authorised operator with customers and service providers (s 13(1)(c); s 13(2)(c)). The Act also authorises conveyancing rules requiring use of an Electronic Lodgment Network, effectively permitting the requirement to override competition law to the extent of potential contravention (s 36).
Employees
Relevant employees. Employees engaged in titling and registry functions are defined as relevant employees (s 19). The Treasurer may order transfers of such employees between public sector agencies or to private employers without consent (ss 20-21). The Act prescribes employment guarantee periods for permanent and temporary employees transferred to private employment, retention of continuity and accrued entitlements, and a mechanism for certification of accrued leave entitlements (ss 21-22). Transfers are not regarded as retrenchment, redundancy or termination attributable to the Crown (s 23).
Third parties and counterparties
Parties to existing contracts and instruments. Vesting orders can transfer assets and vary contractual terms to the extent necessary or convenient for the authorised transaction (s 12(3); Schedule 2 cl 2). Section 43 expressly provides that protected matters are not to be regarded as breaches of contract, confidence or events of default; that protection reduces remedies that counterparties might otherwise claim.
Registration authorities. The Act compels registration authorities to accept certificates lodged by parties to vesting orders as sufficient for registration activity, and prevents registration authorities from demanding particular forms which would otherwise impede registration. No fee is payable for the registration authority’s functions in connection with vesting by operation of this Act (Schedule 2 cl 8).
Tax and finance actors
The Treasurer may direct exemptions from State tax for public sector agencies and for other parties to such extent as the Treasurer specifies (s 33). Transaction proceeds payable to the State are paid into the Restart NSW Fund, with deductions permitted up front or by payment from the Fund to satisfy liabilities and reimburse taxes (s 5).
Auditors and record keepers
The Auditor‑General may be authorised by the Treasurer to release audit information otherwise protected by secrecy provisions, for authorised transaction or audit purposes (s 40). The authorised operator is treated as a public office for State Records Act purposes when exercising titling functions (s 38), and is deemed to be a public sector agency for purposes of the NSW privacy law in relation to titling and registry functions (s 39).
Who decides and who pays
Decisions to effect transfers, create concessions, set standards and give directions are concentrated with the Treasurer and portfolio Minister (ss 6-7; s 9; s 13). Financial flows from the asset sale or transaction proceed to the Restart NSW Fund (s 5), with deductions approved by the Treasurer to repay liabilities and reimburse taxes (s 5(2)). The authorised operator collects revenues from its activities and holds them on its own account (s 42(1)). Costs of Administration Orders are payable by the authorised operator in defined circumstances (s 30).
The Act therefore affects the State’s fiscal posture, private operators’ revenue models and liabilities, employees’ employment relationships, and counterparties’ contractual protections. The executive’s decision rights are the central pivot: many legal effects occur by ministerial order and certificate rather than negotiated bilateral novations.
Key duties and rights
The Act creates duties and rights distributed among the Treasurer, portfolio Minister, the Registrar‑General, transaction companies, the authorised operator and transferred employees. These are statutory, not merely contractual.
Duties and rights of the Treasurer and portfolio Minister
Broad executive powers. The Treasurer has overall responsibility and may exercise all functions necessary or convenient for the authorised transaction; the Treasurer may act in relation to transaction companies, issue vesting orders and direct the manner of effecting the transaction (s 6; s 7; s 9). The portfolio Minister has functions necessary for the authorised concession and re‑vesting on termination, subject to required Treasurer approvals (s 7).
Approval and directions. The authorised concession arrangements require the Treasurer’s approval before establishment, although variations after commencement do not require further Treasurer approval (s 13(4)). The Treasurer and portfolio Minister may give directions to the Registrar‑General and transaction companies for authorised transaction purposes (s 8(3); s 11(2)).
Financial decisions. The Treasurer approves deductions from transaction proceeds that may be applied to repay public sector debt, reimburse tax or satisfy liabilities (s 5(2)). The Treasurer must give copies of s 33 tax exemption orders to the Chief Commissioner of State Revenue (s 33(6)).
Registrar‑General duties and rights
Continued statutory functions. The Registrar‑General retains functions and may exercise additional functions for the authorised transaction (s 8(1)-(2)). The Registrar‑General must comply with directions from the Treasurer or portfolio Minister for authorised transaction purposes (s 8(3)). The Registrar‑General may delegate functions; delegations are subject to Interpretation Act s 49 but may be non‑revocable or exclusive to the delegate (s 14(2)-(3)).
Liability shift. The Registrar‑General is assigned liability for compensation under s 120 Real Property Act that would otherwise attach to the authorised operator (s 15(2)). That reallocates statutory responsibility for certain compensation claims to the Registrar‑General.
Authorised operator duties and rights
Delegated functions and operational standards. The authorised operator receives delegated titling and registry functions under the authorised concession arrangements and must provide services in accordance with standards and competition and data protection measures specified in s 13 (s 13(1)(b), (d)-(e)). The authorised operator is required to maintain data localisation and security, implement fraud detection, protect State ownership of register information and deal fairly with downstream customers and service providers (s 13(2)).
Revenues and accounts. Money collected in connection with exercise of titling and registry functions is held by the authorised operator on its own account and for its own use (s 42(1)). Fees paid to the authorised operator as delegate are subject to the Torrens Assurance Fund requirement under the Real Property Act (s 42(2)).
Penalty exposure. The authorised concession arrangements may include penalty provisions requiring the authorised operator to pay penalties for breach; penalties are recoverable as a debt to be paid into the Rectification Retention Account (s 16(1)-(4)). The portfolio Minister controls use and investment of the Account subject to Treasurer approval in specified circumstances (s 16(5)-(6)).
Co‑operation and assistance during Administration Orders. When an Administration Order is in force, the authorised operator must co‑operate and provide assistance and information, and facilitate access as directed, subject to penalties for non‑compliance (s 29).
Duties and protections for transaction companies
Treasurer’s control while public sector agency. Transaction companies are subject to Treasurer direction and control while they are public sector agencies, and shares in transaction companies may be issued or transferred pursuant to Treasurer directions (s 9-11). Absent express agreement the transaction company is not the State and its debts are not State guaranteed (s 9(3)).
Employee rights and duties
Transfer without consent. The Treasurer may transfer employment of relevant employees internally or to private employers without employee consent (ss 20-21).
Employment guarantees and continuity. The Act preserves terms and conditions under existing State industrial instruments for transferred employees, prescribes employment guarantee periods (four years for permanent employees; limited for temporary employees), and stipulates that transferred employment cannot be terminated by the new employer during an employment guarantee period except for specified reasons (s 21(3)-(6)). Superannuation and accrued leave continuity are preserved (s 22).
Administrative powers, obligations and immunities
Administrator powers and immunities. An Administrator appointed under an Administration Order may take control of land titles operations, enter premises, and demand assistance; persons who act in good faith under the Administrator are not personally liable for acts done or omitted under this Part (ss 27-31).
Certificates and registration authorities. Parties to a vesting order may lodge certificates with registration authorities which must be accepted and acted upon and are to be treated as dealings for Real Property Act purposes (Schedule 2 cl 8). No fee is payable for registration actions required by a vesting order (Schedule 2 cl 8(4)). A certificate purporting to be given is presumed valid unless the contrary is established (Schedule 2 cl 8(5)).
Limitations, overrides and protections
Displacement and priority. The Act provides that its provisions prevail over inconsistent State legislation as prescribed by regulation, and that some of its provisions are Corporations Act displacement provisions for s 5G purposes (ss 34-35). The Act also expressly disapplies Part 6 of the Government Sector Finance Act 2018 to transaction arrangements (s 37).
Protection from claims. Section 43 protects a set of matters done under the Act from being treated as breaches of contract, breaches of confidence, events of default, or breaches of secrecy provisions. Section 44 bars compensation payable by or on behalf of the State for the enactment or operation of the Act, subject to transaction arrangement compensation exceptions (s 44).
Procedural rights and duties
Orders, service and evidence. The Treasurer and portfolio Minister may make orders that take effect at the beginning of the day they are made, certificates by the Treasurer are admissible evidence of an order’s validity, and service of documents is permitted by enumerated methods including email where specified (ss 49-50). Offences are generally dealt with summarily and have statutory time limits and maximum penalties set out (s 51).
These statutory duties and rights specify who is empowered to act, who must comply, which accounts receive proceeds and who bears various liabilities. Many operational and remedial powers are vested in the portfolio Minister and Treasurer, with specific obligations on the authorised operator and transaction companies to assist and comply when required.
Penalties and enforcement
The Act establishes criminal penalties, civil recovery mechanisms, administrative penalties within concession arrangements and immunities for authorised public actors.
Statutory criminal and civil penalties
Offences under the Act are generally summary offences to be dealt with in the Local Court or the Supreme Court in its summary jurisdiction; proceedings must be instituted within two years (s 51(1)-(3)). The Local Court maximum monetary penalty is 100 penalty units for a corporation and 50 penalty units otherwise; the Supreme Court may impose higher maxima where specified in the relevant section (s 51(4)-(5)). Specific contraventions in the Act carry stated maximum penalties, for example obstruction or failure to assist an Administrator attracts penalties: Schedule 28(3) sets 7,500 penalty units for a corporation and 500 units for any other person for failure to provide reasonable assistance; s 28(4) prescribes 10,000 penalty units for corporations and 500 units otherwise for hindering or obstructing an Administrator (s 28).
The authorised operator has statutory obligations to co‑operate while an Administration Order is in force and to provide assistance and access as directed; breach of those obligations is a maximum penalty of 5,000 penalty units (s 29).
Contractual and civil enforcement
Penalty provisions within authorised concession arrangements. The authorised concession arrangements may include enforceable penalty provisions requiring payment of specified or determinable penalties for non‑compliance with concession obligations (s 16(1)-(3)). Such penalties are recoverable as debt due to the State and must be paid into the Rectification Retention Account administered by the portfolio Minister (s 16(4)).
Recovery of costs under Administration Orders. Costs reasonably incurred by the portfolio Minister or Administrator in exercising functions under an Administration Order are payable by the authorised operator unless the threat was not caused by failure to comply with concession obligations; costs are recoverable as debt and may be deducted from revenues from land titles operations (s 30(1)-(2)).
Protections and immunities
Public officer immunity for compliance with directions. Actions or omissions by the Registrar‑General, directors or officers of transaction companies done in compliance with directions under the Act do not subject those persons personally to actions, liabilities, claims or demands (s 8(5); s 11(5)). Similarly, acts done in good faith by an Administrator or by persons acting under the Administrator’s direction do not subject them personally to claims (s 31).
Non‑breach protections. Section 43 broadly protects actions taken under this Act from being treated as breaches of contract, breaches of confidence, events of default, or breaches of secrecy provisions. That protection reduces the availability of civil claims based on those matters to the extent the facts fall within s 43(1) categories.
Compensation exclusion. Section 44 provides that compensation is not payable by or on behalf of the State because of enactment or operation of the Act, including conduct or statements relating to enactment, except that compensation payable under transaction arrangements remains unaffected (s 44(1)-(2)). This is a statutory bar that narrows claims against the Crown arising from the Act itself.
Process and evidentiary controls
Certificates and presumption of validity. A document purporting to be an order made under the Act is presumed to be such an order unless the contrary is shown, and certificates purporting to be signed by the Treasurer or prescribed officers certifying that an order is an order made under the Act are admissible evidence in proceedings (s 49(3)-(4); Schedule 2 cl 8(5)). A Treasurer certificate can also be used to identify amounts payable to the State under s 5(3).
Registration authority duties. Registration authorities must accept and act on certificates lodged in connection with a vesting order and cannot require information in a particular form; such certificates count as dealings under the Real Property Act to the extent permitted (Schedule 2 cl 8(1)-(3)). No fee is payable to the registration authority for carrying out functions in connection with vesting by operation of the Act (Schedule 2 cl 8(4)).
Enforcement levers and financial incentives
Recovery as debt and account management. Penalties are recoverable as debts due to the State (s 16(4)); costs of administration are recoverable as debts and may be deducted from revenues (s 30). The Rectification Retention Account creates an explicit financial incentive for the authorised operator to comply, as penalties fund rectification and possibly payments to the Consolidated Fund by Treasurer direction (s 16(5)).
Emergency administration. The portfolio Minister may step in with an Administration Order to avert threats to the integrity of the Register and appoint an Administrator with powers to operate and manage land titles operations (ss 26-27). The Act criminalises hindering and non‑cooperation with that Administrator at stated maximum penalties (s 28).
The Act therefore combines ordinary criminal summary offences for obstruction and non‑compliance, specific civil recoveries for costs and penalties, and statutory immunities for public actors and those acting in good faith under administration arrangements. The net enforcement architecture steers compliance by financial exposure, the risk of Administration Orders and limited civil remedies for acts done under the authorised transaction.
How it interacts with other laws
The Act contains detailed provisions governing its relationship with other State and Commonwealth law and prescribes specific carve‑outs and priorities.
Priority and inconsistency rules
State legislation priority. The Act provides that the provisions of this Act or the regulations prevail to the extent of any inconsistency with other State legislation that is prescribed by regulation as inconsistent (s 34(2)). It also states that none of the provisions of the Real Property Act operate to prevent or limit transaction arrangements (s 34(1)). The Act expressly provides that the enactment of this Act satisfies requirements in other Acts for parliamentary approval of acts that constitute aspects of the authorised transaction (s 34(3)).
Corporations Act displacement. Section 35 declares that specified provisions of this Act are Corporations legislation displacement provisions for the purposes of s 5G of the Corporations Act in relation to Corporations legislation generally. The sections listed are s 4, s 9, s 11 and Part 6. That declaration triggers the Corporations Act mechanism that treats authorised State law as an authorisation for conduct that might otherwise be regulated by Corporations legislation.
Commonwealth law primacy on employment. Section 24 provides that any provision of this Act has no effect to the extent it is inconsistent with the Fair Work Act 2009 of the Commonwealth or an instrument under that Act. That preserves Commonwealth workplace law as prevailing to the extent of inconsistency.
Tax and finance interactions
State tax exemptions and Treasurer orders. Section 33 defines relevant matters and declares that State tax is not payable by a public sector agency on relevant matters unless the Treasurer directs otherwise. The Treasurer can also direct that State tax is not payable by other persons to such extent as specified. The Treasurer must give a copy of any order to the Chief Commissioner of State Revenue (s 33).
Restart NSW Fund and transaction proceeds. Transaction proceeds payable to the State are to be paid into the Restart NSW Fund established under the Restart NSW Fund Act 2011, with authorised deductions for repayment of public sector liabilities, reimbursement of taxes and expenses (s 5). The Treasurer may make those deductions before payment into the Restart Fund or by payment from the Restart Fund (s 5(4)).
Accounting and public sector finance
Exclusion from Government Sector Finance Act Part 6. Section 37 states that Part 6 of the Government Sector Finance Act 2018 does not apply to any transaction arrangement. That removes specified public sector finance rules from application to transaction arrangements; the Act also permits the Treasurer to give directions on public sector accounting policies for transfers of titling assets (Schedule 2 cl 9).
Revenues and Torrens Assurance Fund. Money collected by the authorised operator in connection with titling functions is collected on the authorised operator’s account and not for the State (s 42(1)). However, fees paid to the authorised operator as delegate remain subject to the Torrens Assurance Fund requirement in the Real Property Act (s 42(2)).
Registry law and registration authorities
Vesting orders and Schedule 2. The Act allows vesting orders to effect transfers and to vary the terms of instruments, and Schedule 2 prescribes that vestings occur by operation of the Schedule without need for conveyancing steps; registration authorities must accept certificates to enable registration actions and cannot demand particular forms (s 12; Schedule 2 cl 2; cl 8).
Exemption from Conveyancing Act section. Section 41 declares that s 52A of the Conveyancing Act 1919 does not apply to a contract entered into for the purposes of the authorised transaction. That alters the operation of a specific Conveyancing Act provision in the context of the authorised transaction.
Privacy, records and audit
State Records Act treatment. The authorised operator is treated as a public office for State Records Act purposes when exercising titling and registry functions; approvals held by the Registrar‑General extend to the operator (s 38). That brings recordkeeping obligations to the private operator when performing titling functions.
Privacy obligations. The authorised operator is deemed a public sector agency for the purposes of the Privacy and Personal Information Protection Act 1998 in relation to titling and registry functions; reciprocal disclosure authorisations between the Registrar‑General and authorised operator are provided for (s 39).
Auditor‑General release. Section 40 removes the secrecy bar in s 38 of the Government Sector Audit Act 1983 for reports or communications the Treasurer authorises the Auditor‑General to make to persons for authorised transaction purposes or for audit of records relating to transferred titling assets. That facilitates audit disclosures for transaction oversight.
Competition law and electronic conveyancing
Competition authorisation for electronic conveyancing. Section 36 authorises conduct giving effect to a Conveyancing Rules requirement that conveyancing transactions must be lodged using an Electronic Lodgment Network. The authorisation is for purposes of the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 and the Competition Code of NSW, but only to the extent the conduct would otherwise contravene Part IV of the Competition and Consumer Act or the Competition Code (s 36(1)-(2)). The provision is limited in scope to giving effect to the electronic lodgment requirement and related enforcement or compliance steps.
Liability and compensation allocation
Reallocation of compensation liability. Section 15 provides that the authorised operator has no liability for loss or damage referred to in s 120 Real Property Act arising from acts in the course of delegated titling functions; such liability attaches to the Registrar‑General instead. That reallocates a statutorily specified compensation exposure away from the private operator to the Registrar‑General (s 15).
Construction, extraterritoriality and constitutional limits
Construction to preserve validity. Section 48 directs that, where possible, provisions should be construed to have every valid application while excluding invalid applications, and contains constraints for when a provision should not be given a valid operation if it would be materially different from its intended scope. Section 46 binds the State and, to the extent permitted, other jurisdictions, and preserves privileges and immunities subject to specified limits. Section 47 states the Parliament’s intention for extraterritorial operation where possible. Those clauses show legislative recognition of potential constitutional and interjurisdictional limits and the Act establishes a prescriptive approach to statutory construction to maximise validity.
Overall, the Act is designed to be operative alongside and in preference to many overlapping statutory regimes for its subject matter, subject to explicit constraints where Commonwealth law prevails. It mandates how the Register and related operations are to be outsourced, how revenues flow and how liabilities are allocated, while adjusting or exempting the application of other State financial and corporate law in certain respects.
Amendment history
The provided text contains limited explicit amendment notes embedded in particular sections. The material supplied shows the following recorded amendments and status notes.
Section 16 amendment note. The margin note to s 16 indicates an amendment: "s 16: Am 2018 No 70, Sch 3.37 [1]". That records a 2018 amendment affecting s 16, as reflected in the text permitting penalty provisions and the Rectification Retention Account regime (s 16(1)-(6)).
Section 37 amendment note. The margin to s 37 records "s 37: Am 2018 No 70, Sch 3.37 [2]". Section 37 excludes Part 6 of the Government Sector Finance Act 2018 from applying to transaction arrangements. The notation indicates that this exclusion was introduced or amended in 2018.
Section 40 amendment note. The margin following s 40 states "s 40: Am 2018 No 70, Sch 4.58". This shows the secrecy provision carve‑out for Auditor‑General reports was amended in 2018.
Schedule 4 repealed notes. At the end of the text Schedule 4 is shown as repealed with the notation "sch 4: Rep 1987 No 15, sec 30C." The Act’s commencement provision (s 2) also notes that Schedule 4 commences on a day or days to be appointed by proclamation, indicating staged commencement for schedules may occur by proclamation.
Commencement. Section 2 provides that the Act commences on the date of assent except where Schedule 4 requires proclamation for commencement. That establishes the standard commencement pattern but records that some schedule elements may be proclaimed in at later times (s 2).
No other express amendment history, repeal dates or consolidated amendment tables appear in the included text. The in‑text amendment margin notes are the only explicit amendment markers within the provided material. If further amendment history or legislative notes are required, those must be checked in an external consolidated statute database or the NSW legislation website; the provided text itself does not supply a fuller historical record.
Litigation history
The legislative text supplied contains no judicial decisions, case citations, or recorded litigation history. The Act itself names no cases nor records any judgments. Accordingly there is no litigation history contained within the provided source to summarise.
Nevertheless the Act creates a number of legal questions that are, on the text, plausible candidates for litigation or judicial review should disputes arise. These observations are drawn from the Act’s explicit allocations of power and legal effects.
Judicial review of executive orders and vesting orders. Vesting orders transfer assets and may vary contractual terms "to the extent that is necessary or convenient for the authorised transaction" (s 12(3); Schedule 2 cl 3). Where a party claims that a vesting order exceeds the scope authorised by the Act or is invalidly made, judicial review proceedings could arise to test the statutory limits on ministerial power, and to assess the Treasurer’s or portfolio Minister’s determinations under Schedule 2 cl 7 which are stated to be conclusive.
Constitutional and federal law challenges. Section 24 preserves the operation of the Fair Work Act 2009 where inconsistent. Questions could arise about whether transfers of employment without consent and the operation of the employment guarantee provisions infringe the Fair Work Act in specific fact patterns, which could prompt referrals or litigation in Commonwealth jurisdictions. The Act contains s 48, a construction provision aimed at preserving validity of provisions to the extent possible, showing that drafters were conscious of operational limits and potential constitutional risk.
Claims under s 43 and s 44. The Act’s protection under s 43 that matters done for the authorised transaction are not to be regarded as breaches of contract or confidence and the exclusion of compensation under s 44 (subject to transaction arrangement compensation) could be the subject of judicial interpretation where private parties assert contractual rights or seek damages for loss. Courts may need to determine the scope of s 43 protections and whether particular conduct falls within the section.
Privacy and records regime disputes. The Act deems the authorised operator to be a public sector agency for privacy law purposes and a public office for State Records Act purposes (ss 38-39). Enforcement actions, compliance disputes or FOI/record access litigation could test how those regimes apply to a private operator exercising delegated functions.
Competition law implications. Section 36 contains an express authorisation for conduct giving effect to Electronic Lodgment Network requirements in relation to the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 and the Competition Code, to the extent such conduct would otherwise contravene Part IV. Litigation could arise about the scope of that authorisation and whether particular conduct falls within its scope.
Allocation of compensation liability. Section 15 reallocates liability for compensation under s 120 of the Real Property Act from the authorised operator to the Registrar‑General. Disputes could arise over whether particular loss claims fall within s 120 and whether the statutory reallocation captures the event.
Because the Act relies heavily on ministerial orders, certificates and delegated determinations,documents that are given presumptive evidentiary weight by s 49 and Schedule 2 cl 8,litigation may require judicial review of the exercise of executive power, statutory construction questions about the extent of conclusive determinations in Schedule 2 cl 7, and interpretation of the reach of statutory protections in s 43 and the compensation exclusion in s 44. None of these are recorded within the provided text as having been litigated.
For authoritative litigation history or case law applying this Act or its provisions, one must consult court databases and subsequent published decisions; the Act text itself does not supply such material.
Gotchas
This Act contains several provisions that create sharp legal and operational consequences which may be easy to miss without a close reading.
Extensive ministerial discretion. The Treasurer’s power to effect the authorised transaction "in any manner considered appropriate" and with "no limitations as to the nature of the transactions or arrangements" is broad (s 6(1)-(2)). That freedom includes establishing transaction companies, transfers by share transactions (Sch 1 cl 9), and directing vesting orders (s 12). Practitioners should note that many legal effects occur by ministerial order or certificate rather than negotiated transfers, which reduces the usual consent and negotiation points with counterparties.
Vesting orders can alter contractual terms and operate without conveyance. Vesting orders not only transfer title by operation of Schedule 2 cl 2 but may vary instrument terms as specified in the order (s 12(3); Schedule 2 cl 2(1)(a), cl 2(2)-(3)). A counterparty’s contractual protections such as anti‑assignment clauses or consent requirements may be bypassed because s 43 protects actions done for the authorised transaction from being treated as breaches or events of default.
Limited remedies against the State for the Act’s operation. Section 44 excludes compensation for enactment or operation of the Act, including for statements or conduct relating to enactment, except for compensation payable under a transaction arrangement. That means parties who suffer loss as a result of transferred assets or statutory acts may lack recourse to State compensation unless their rights are preserved by contract within a transaction arrangement.
Reallocation of statutory compensation liability. The authorised operator is insulated from compensation liability under s 120 of the Real Property Act; that liability attaches to the Registrar‑General instead (s 15). The effect is that private operators gain operational protection from that statutory compensation exposure while the Registrar‑General remains liable, which practitioners must account for when advising on risk allocations.
Delegations may be non‑revocable and exclusive. Delegations of Registrar‑General functions to the authorised operator may be structured to be non‑revocable or exclusive, and may require exercise in accordance with directions from the Registrar‑General (s 14(2)-(3)). That produces durable delegations that limit the Registrar‑General’s future exercise of the function where expressly provided.
Employee transfer without consent, but with limited protections. Relevant employees can be transferred to private employers without consent (s 21(1)-(2)), though employment guarantee periods and continuity of entitlements apply (ss 21-22). The transferred employee cannot treat the transfer as retrenchment or seek termination payments solely because of the transfer (s 23). However, s 24 preserves Commonwealth Fair Work Act primacy where inconsistencies occur.
Revenue and profit retention by private operator. Money collected by the authorised operator in relation to titling functions is held on the operator’s own account and not for the State (s 42(1)). That shifts revenue streams to the private operator, subject to statutory fees and the Torrens Assurance Fund requirement (s 42(2)), and should be addressed in any valuation or financial model for the transaction.
Penalties paid by operator feed a State administered rectification account. Penalties under concession arrangements are recoverable as debt and paid into the Rectification Retention Account to be used for rectification or other prescribed purposes (s 16(4)-(5)). This creates a source of funds controlled by the portfolio Minister for remediation, but also an exposure for the operator.
Administration Order remedies and costs recovery. The portfolio Minister can issue Administration Orders to avert threats to the integrity of the Register (s 26), appoint an Administrator with entry and control powers (s 28), require cooperation from the authorised operator and third parties under penalty, and recover administration costs from the operator unless the threat was not caused by operator failure (s 30). That creates an asymmetric enforcement lever for the State to reclaim operational control and costs.
Competition law carve‑out limited in scope. Section 36 authorises conduct giving effect to a Conveyancing Rules requirement to use an Electronic Lodgment Network for competition law purposes, but only to the extent the conduct would otherwise contravene Part IV of the Competition and Consumer Act and the Competition Code (s 36(1)-(2)). The authorisation is targeted and does not generally immunise conduct outside that narrow purpose.
Certificates and evidentiary presumptions. Certificates and documents purporting to be orders or vesting certificates are presumed valid unless the contrary is established, and are admissible evidence in proceedings (s 49; Schedule 2 cl 8(5)). That evidentiary convenience can fast‑track transactions but also raises the bar for challenging ministerial acts.
State tax treatment and Treasurer discretion. Public sector agencies are not required to pay State tax on relevant matters unless the Treasurer directs otherwise, and the Treasurer can order tax relief to other persons to specified extents (s 33). Tax consequences of transfers may therefore rely on Treasurer orders, creating uncertainty unless Treasury directions are obtained or documented.
These "gotchas" reflect trade‑offs built into the Act: executive flexibility and speed in effecting transfers, combined with statutory protections and revenue reallocations, at the cost of reduced bilateral contractual safeguards and concentrated ministerial decision rights. Parties negotiating under or affected by this Act should map who holds powers under which clause and the practical remedies the statute leaves available.
How to comply
This section sets out practical, source‑grounded steps for the main actors affected by the Act: the Treasurer and portfolio Minister and their agencies; an authorised operator or prospective bidder; transaction companies and their directors; registration authorities; and employers and employees affected by staff transfers.
For the Treasurer and portfolio Minister and public sector agencies
Follow statutory approvals and consultative steps. The Act requires the portfolio Minister to obtain the Treasurer’s approval for authorised concession arrangements before establishment (s 13(4)). The portfolio Minister must consult relevant administering agencies before giving a grant direction for a relevant authorisation (s 17(5)). Document consultation and approvals to create administrative records and evidence.
Prepare and use vesting orders per the Schedule. Use the vesting order formality required by s 12 and Schedule 2. When making determinations whether particular assets, rights or liabilities comprise titling and registry assets, record the Schedule 2 cl 7 determinations clearly; the Act states those determinations are conclusive. Provide the certificates contemplated by Schedule 2 cl 8 to registration authorities with the information the authority reasonably requires.
Account for transaction proceeds and permitted deductions. Ensure Treasurer‑approved deductions from transaction proceeds for debt repayment, tax reimbursements and liabilities are documented under s 5(2). Ensure proper use of the Restart NSW Fund and record whether deductions are made before payment or from the Fund (s 5(4)).
Direct public sector accounting policies where required. If transfers between public sector agencies occur, consider exercising s 9 of Schedule 2 directions about accounting policies to be applied to transfers (Schedule 2 cl 9).
For the authorised operator and private sector bidders
Design operations to meet s 13 competition and data protection measures. The concession arrangements must ensure electronic Register copies are stored on dedicated physical infrastructure in Australia; implement and document appropriate data security and fraud detection practices; adopt contractual and operational measures to ensure fair, transparent and predictable dealing downstream; and ensure State ownership of Register information is legally preserved (s 13(2)(a)-(d)). Incorporate these requirements into system architectures, contractual assignment of intellectual property and data licences, and disaster recovery plans.
Prepare for delegation and exercise of Registrar‑General functions. Anticipate delegations under s 14 that may be non‑revocable or exclusive. Ensure internal governance and compliance structures are in place to operate in either the authorised operator’s name or in the Registrar‑General’s name. Maintain protocols to accept directions from the Registrar‑General where the delegation conditions so provide (s 14(3)).
Model liability and compensation exposures. Remember that s 15 removes liability for Real Property Act s 120 compensation from the authorised operator; however, the concession arrangements may create obligations or penalties, and s 16 permits penalties to be imposed by concession arrangements, payable into the Rectification Retention Account. Price bids and insurance strategies accordingly, including cover for operational failure where penalties and rectification contributions might be required.
Build compliance with Administration Orders. Have operational plans, access arrangements and data portability ready for the event an Administration Order is issued under ss 26-27. The authorised operator must co‑operate and provide assistance; non‑cooperation carries penalties (s 29). Keep up‑to‑date disaster recovery and continuity documentation and make it available to the portfolio Minister or Administrator.
Address employment continuity and guarantees. Where employees transfer, ensure employment terms comply with s 21 and s 22: maintain continuity of service, preserve accrued leave entitlements, and observe employment guarantee periods for permanent and temporary employees (s 21(6); s 22(1)). Where contract employees are involved, understand that contract terms govern their entitlements and that no employment guarantee period applies to contract employees.
Prepare financial accounting for fees and Torrens Assurance Fund. Recognise that money collected is on the authorised operator’s account (s 42(1)), but fees as delegate remain subject to s 134 of the Real Property Act and the Torrens Assurance Fund requirement (s 42(2)). Ensure accounting systems segregate amounts required for Torrens Assurance Fund obligations.
For transaction companies and directors
Comply with Treasurer directions while public sector agency. Transaction companies that are public sector agencies are subject to Treasurer direction and control for functions performed for the authorised transaction while they remain public sector agencies (s 11). Directors and officers should maintain records showing compliance with directions, and note the statutory protection from personal liability where actions were taken in compliance with Treasurer directions (s 11(5)).
Beware that the State does not guarantee debts. Unless the Treasurer expressly agrees, a transaction company is not the State and its debts are not guaranteed by the State (s 9(3)). Directors should ensure adequate capital and credit arrangements and clarify the State’s position in documents.
For registration authorities
Accept certificates and avoid demanding a particular form. Schedule 2 cl 8 requires registration authorities to accept certificates lodged by a party to a vesting order and prevents the authority from demanding a particular form or manner. Ensure registry processes are adapted to accept certified information and that no fee is charged for registration actions required by a vesting order (Schedule 2 cl 8(4)).
For employers and employees
Document employment transfer orders and entitlements. Employers receiving a transferred employee should preserve continuity of service, superannuation membership and accrued leave entitlements as set out in s 22. A Treasurer certificate about accrued leave is evidence (s 22(3)), so maintain records and request certificates where needed.
Check for Fair Work Act interactions. Section 24 preserves the Commonwealth Fair Work Act; employers should assess whether proposed transfer orders comply with Commonwealth obligations and consult legal counsel before relying on State transfer powers where Commonwealth law may be engaged.
For legal and compliance advisers
Attend to s 43 and s 44 effects in contracts. If advising counterparties, explicitly address whether contractual protections are preserved through the transaction arrangements or whether the statutory non‑breach protections in s 43 will apply. For parties seeking compensation, ensure transaction arrangements include express compensation rights if needed, since s 44 precludes State compensation for the enactment or operation of the Act except under transaction arrangements (s 44(2)).
Monitor Treasurer orders and certificates. Many operative effects under the Act depend on ministerial orders or certificates, for example the Treasurer’s certification about amounts payable that are excluded from transaction proceeds under s 5(3), or vesting orders under s 12. Keep a live register of relevant orders and certificates and obtain formal written copies for transaction records.
Insurance and risk allocation. Because the authorised operator is insulated from certain statutory compensation liabilities and the Registrar‑General may hold some liabilities, advise insurers and counterparties on where statutory exposures sit and whether contract terms allocate residual risks consistent with the Act.
Operational checklists
Data localisation and security plan aligned to s 13.
Legal checklist for vesting orders, including conclusive determinations under Schedule 2 cl 7.
Employee transfer and HR checklist for application of s 21/22, superannuation continuity and employment guarantee periods.
Financial model reflecting s 5 proceeds, Treasurer deductions, payment into Restart NSW Fund and Rectification Retention Account mechanics under s 16.
Regulatory checklist for privacy and State Records obligations under ss 38-39 and for competition authorisation under s 36 where Electronic Lodgment Network requirements operate.
Compliance under this Act is driven by ministerial orders, concession terms and written certificates. Parties should therefore prioritise documentary records of approvals, determinations, orders and certificates, and incorporate statutory obligations into contracts and operational manuals to ensure statutory compliance and to preserve remedies negotiated in transaction arrangements.
Section 4Authorisation for asset transfer, concession and re-vesting
(a) the transfer, by the Treasurer, of titling and registry assets of a public sector agency to the private sector or any public sector agency (referred to in this Act as an authorised asset transfer),
(b) arrangements, established by the portfolio Minister with the approval of the Treasurer, to authorise and otherwise facilitate the provision of titling and registry services by a private sector entity (or a related entity of a private sector entity) to which titling and registry assets are transferred under this Act (referred to in this Act as the authorised concession),
(c) the transfer, by the portfolio Minister, of titling and registry assets of the authorised operator to a private sector entity or public sector agency on termination of the authorised concession and as provided by the authorised concession arrangements (referred to in this Act as re-vesting on termination).
(2) The authorised concession is limited to a term of 35 years and cannot be renewed or extended beyond that term.
Note—
Section 18 (Further authorised concession on termination of authorised concession) provides for the establishment of a new authorised concession with a term of up to 35 years if the original authorised concession is terminated before its term expires.
(3) Re-vesting on termination comprising the transfer of titling and registry assets of the authorised operator to a private sector entity (but not to a public sector agency) requires the approval of the Treasurer.
5 Payment and application of proceeds of transaction
5 Payment and application of proceeds of transaction
5 Payment and application of proceeds of transaction
(1) The proceeds of the authorised transaction that are payable to the State (the transaction proceeds) are to be paid into the Restart NSW Fund (the Restart Fund) established under the Restart NSW Fund Act 2011.
(2) The following deductions are authorised to be made from the transaction proceeds—
(a) deduction of such amounts as the Treasurer approves to repay debt and satisfy other liabilities of a public sector agency in respect of titling and registry assets transferred for the purposes of the authorised transaction,
(b) deduction of such amounts as the Treasurer approves to reimburse public sector agencies for payments made by them in respect of any tax, duty, fee or charge imposed by any Act or law of the State or any other jurisdiction in connection with a transaction arrangement,
(c) deduction of such amounts as the Treasurer approves to satisfy any liability of a public sector agency arising under or in connection with a transaction arrangement,
(d) deduction of such amounts as the Treasurer approves to meet expenses reasonably incurred by public sector agencies for the purposes of the authorised transaction.
(3) The transaction proceeds do not include any amount certified by the Treasurer as paid or payable to a public sector agency as a tax, duty, fee or charge imposed by any Act or law of the State in connection with a transaction arrangement.
(4) The deductions authorised to be made from the transaction proceeds may be made before payment of the transaction proceeds into the Restart Fund, or may be made by payment from the Restart Fund.
(5) The requirements of this section do not affect the validity of a transaction arrangement.
Part 3 General functions for the purposes of the authorised transaction
Part 3 General functions for the purposes of the authorised transaction
Part 3 General functions for the purposes of the authorised transaction
6 Manner of effecting authorised transaction
6 Manner of effecting authorised transaction
6 Manner of effecting authorised transaction
(1) The authorised transaction is to be effected as directed by the Treasurer and can be effected in any manner considered appropriate by the Treasurer.
(2) There are no limitations as to the nature of the transactions or arrangements that can be entered into or used for the purposes of the authorised transaction.
(3) The provisions of this Act for the establishment of various kinds of transaction company do not limit the nature of the entities or arrangements that can be used for the purposes of the authorised transaction.
7 Functions of Treasurer and portfolio Minister
7 Functions of Treasurer and portfolio Minister
7 Functions of Treasurer and portfolio Minister
(1) The Treasurer has overall responsibility for the authorised transaction and has and may exercise all such functions as are necessary or convenient for the purposes of the authorised transaction. The Treasurer’s functions do not limit the functions of the portfolio Minister under this Act.
(2) The portfolio Minister has and may exercise all such functions as are necessary or convenient for the purposes of aspects of the authorised transaction comprising the authorised concession and re-vesting on termination.
(3) The functions of the portfolio Minister under this Act are subject to any requirement of this Act for the approval of the Treasurer.
(4) The functions conferred on the Treasurer or portfolio Minister by or under any other provision of this Act do not limit their functions under this section.
8 Functions of Registrar-General
8 Functions of Registrar-General
8 Functions of Registrar-General
(1) The Registrar-General has and may exercise all such functions as are necessary or convenient for the purposes of the authorised transaction.
(2) The functions conferred by this section are in addition to any other functions that the Registrar-General has apart from this section and those other functions do not prevent or otherwise limit the exercise of the additional functions conferred by this section.
(3) The Treasurer or the portfolio Minister may give directions to the Registrar-General for the purposes of the authorised transaction (including directions as to the exercise of functions of the Registrar-General under this Act) and any such directions must be complied with by the Registrar-General.
(4) The Treasurer or the portfolio Minister may act for or on behalf of the Registrar-General in the exercise of any of the Registrar-General’s functions for the purposes of the authorised transaction (including functions conferred by this Act).
(5) Anything done or omitted to be done by the Registrar-General in compliance or purported compliance with a direction given under this Act does not subject the Registrar-General personally to any action, liability, claim or demand.
9 Establishment of transaction companies
9 Establishment of transaction companies
9 Establishment of transaction companies
(1) The Treasurer may for the purposes of the authorised transaction establish, or direct the establishment of, companies as transaction companies in any of the following ways—
(a) the formation or acquisition by or on behalf of the State of a company limited by shares, so that all the issued shares in the company are held by or on behalf of the State,
(b) the formation or acquisition of a company as a wholly owned subsidiary company of a transaction company.
(2) A transaction company that is a public sector agency may be converted from one kind of company to any other kind of company.
(3) Except by express agreement with the Treasurer—
(a) a transaction company is not and does not represent the State, and
(b) the debts, liabilities and obligations of a transaction company are not guaranteed by the State.
(4) The Treasurer may act for or on behalf of the State or a transaction company that is a public sector agency in connection with the rights, privileges and benefits, and the duties, liabilities and obligations, of the State or a transaction company as the holder of shares or other securities in or issued by a transaction company.
(5) Shares and other securities in or issued by a transaction company that is a public sector agency may be issued or transferred in accordance with the directions of the Treasurer. The Treasurer may, on behalf of the State or a transaction company that is a public sector agency, enter into and carry out transaction arrangements for the issue or transfer of shares and other securities in or issued by a transaction company.
10 Functions of transaction companies
10 Functions of transaction companies
10 Functions of transaction companies
(1) A transaction company has and may exercise all such functions as are necessary or convenient for the purposes of the authorised transaction.
(2) The functions conferred by this section are in addition to any other functions that a transaction company has apart from this section and those other functions do not prevent or otherwise limit the exercise of the additional functions conferred by this section.
(3) The Treasurer may act for or on behalf of a transaction company in the exercise of any of its functions for the purposes of the authorised transaction but only while the transaction company is a public sector agency.
11 Direction and control of transaction companies
11 Direction and control of transaction companies
11 Direction and control of transaction companies
(1) A transaction company is subject to the direction and control of the Treasurer in the exercise of any of its functions for the purposes of the authorised transaction but only while the transaction company is a public sector agency.
(2) The Treasurer may give directions for the purposes of the authorised transaction to a transaction company, and to the directors and other officers of a transaction company. Any such directions must be complied with by the transaction company or the directors or other officers concerned.
(3) Directions to a transaction company (or its directors and other officers) under this section can only be given and are only required to be complied with while the transaction company is a public sector agency.
(4) The power to give directions under this section extends to directions with respect to the way in which a transaction company is to conduct its business and other affairs.
(5) Anything done or omitted to be done by a director or other officer of a transaction company in compliance or purported compliance with a direction given by the Treasurer under this Act does not subject the director or officer personally to any action, liability, claim or demand.
Part 4 Arrangements for transfer of assets and the authorised concession
Part 4 Arrangements for transfer of assets and the authorised concession
Part 4 Arrangements for transfer of assets and the authorised concession
12 Vesting orders
12 Vesting orders
12 Vesting orders
(1) Assets, rights and liabilities comprising titling and registry assets may be vested in a specified person by order in writing (a vesting order) made—
(a) by the Treasurer for the purposes of an authorised asset transfer, or
(b) by the portfolio Minister for the purposes of re-vesting on termination.
Note—
Schedule 2 provides for vesting orders.
(2) A vesting order made by the portfolio Minister for the purposes of re-vesting on termination to transfer titling and registry assets to a private sector entity (but not to a public sector agency) requires the approval of the Treasurer.
(3) A vesting order may vary the terms and conditions of any instrument or contract that relates to assets, rights or liabilities to the extent that is necessary or convenient for the purposes of the authorised transaction.
13 Authorised concession arrangements
13 Authorised concession arrangements
13 Authorised concession arrangements
(1) The authorised concession arrangements are to include provision for the following (without limiting the matters for which the authorised concession arrangements can make provision)—
(a) the appointment of a private sector entity as authorised operator,
(b) the grant to the authorised operator of a concession that authorises the authorised operator to maintain the Register and provide specified titling and registry services on the terms and conditions specified in the authorised concession arrangements,
(c) the competition and data protection measures required by this section,
(d) the standards in accordance with which the authorised operator is required to provide titling and registry services,
(e) the delegation to the authorised operator of such titling and registry functions as may be necessary or convenient for the purposes of the authorised concession,
(f) the functions of the portfolio Minister and the Registrar-General for the purposes of the authorised concession.
(2) The competition and data protection measures required by this section are measures that the portfolio Minister is satisfied will—
(a) ensure that electronic forms of the Register are stored on dedicated physical infrastructure located within Australia, and
(b) require the implementation and maintenance by the authorised operator of appropriate data security and fraud detection practices, and
(c) protect current competition and opportunities for future competition in the supply of services downstream from titling and registry services by ensuring fair, transparent and predictable dealing by the authorised operator with customers and service providers, and
(d) ensure that any right, title or interest of the State in informati
This is an opening excerpt, not the complete document.