This Act revokes the 1876 Trust Deed and vests specified trust property (including four parcels of land and other trust assets) in the Kennerley Children's Home Inc, making the Association responsible for the Trusts' liabilities and exempting State tax on transfer documents. It validates past trust acts done in good faith, limits claims against former trustees for mere non‑performance, preserves and transfers existing legal proceedings and remaps historical document references to the Association, and assigns administration to the Minister for Justice.
This Act revokes a long-standing trust instrument, transfers the trust assets and liabilities to a single incorporated body, validates certain prior acts of trustees and governors, and provides transitional legal and administrative rules to implement those changes.
Mechanically, the Act does the following.
It defines the principal actors and documents, including the Association as the Kennerley Children's Home Inc, the Trust Deed (the Deed of Gift dated 20 March 1876, registered 16 January 1908), the Trustee and Trust Governor positions, and the Trusts (s 3).
It validates prior conduct by persons who, before commencement, performed or purported to perform trust functions or powers in good faith in accordance with the Trust Deed or the Rules of Association. Those persons are taken to have validly performed the function or power and to have held the position required by the Trust Deed or Rules while so acting (s 4).
It holds that no breach of trust is taken to have occurred in respect of the Trust Deed for the historical period from the Trust Deed taking effect up to commencement, and it declares that the Kennerley Children's Homes Act 1969 is taken to have varied the Trust Deed and that the variation remained in effect despite that 1969 Act’s later repeal (s 5).
It bars actions against persons who acted as Trustee or Trust Governor before commencement for losses that are only consequences of failing to perform or exercise any function or power specified in the Trust Deed (s 6).
It revokes the Trust Deed on the commencement day (s 7).
It vests specified real property and other trust property in the Association for the purposes of the Association and transfers liabilities of the Trusts, including liabilities relating to the trust property, to the Association. It also exempts State tax in respect of documents or transactions required to effect that vesting (s 8).
Current sections
Direct links to the current provisions in Kennerley Trust Act 2015.
This Act commences on the day on which this Act receives the Royal Assent.
3
Interpretation
3 Interpretation
In this Act –
Association means the Kennerley Children's Home Inc (ABN 54 083 304 285);
commencement day means the day on which this Act commences;
Rules of Association means the rules of the Association, as in force from time to time, that are made as required by, and in accordance with, the Associations Incorporation Act 1964 ;
Trust Deed means the Deed of Gift dated 20 March 1876 and registered in the Registry, within the meaning of the Registration of Deeds Act 1935 , on 16 January 1908 under the number 11/7412;
Trustee means the position of Trustee as established by the Trust Deed;
trust function or power means a function or power in respect of the Trust or the assets or liabilities of the Trust;
Trust Governor means the position of Governor as established by the Trust Deed;
Trusts means the trusts established under the Trust Deed.
Part 2
Validation
Part 2 Validation
4
Validation of certain actions
4 Validation of certain actions
A person who, before the commencement day, performed or exercised, or purportedly performed or exercised, a trust function or power is taken –
(a) to have validly performed or exercised that trust function or power, if the function or power was performed or exercised in good faith in accordance with the Trust Deed or the Rules of Association, as in force at the time the function was performed or the power was exercised; and
(b) to have held the position required in the Trust Deed, or the Rules of Association, to perform the function or exercise the power while he or she was performing the function or exercising the power.
5
Trust Deed
5 Trust Deed
(1) No breach of trust is taken to have occurred in respect of the Trust Deed during the period commencing on the day that the Trust Deed initially took effect and ending on the commencement day.
(a) that Act is taken to have varied the Trust Deed to the extent necessary to incorporate the provisions, and intention, of that Act; and
(b) the variation of the Trust Deed by that Act is taken to have remained in effect despite the repeal of that Act under the Legislation Repeal Act 1998 .
6
No action lies in respect of failure to act
6 No action lies in respect of failure to act
(1) In this section –
proposed defendant means a person who acted, or purportedly acted, in the position of Trustee or Trust Governor at any point before the commencement day.
(2) No action lies against a proposed defendant in relation to any loss incurred by a person, if the loss is only incurred by the person as a consequence of the proposed defendant failing to perform or exercise, any function or power specified within the Trust Deed.
Part 3
Winding-up of Kennerley Trust
Part 3 Winding-up of Kennerley Trust
7
Revocation of Trust Deed
7 Revocation of Trust Deed
On the commencement day, the Trust Deed is revoked.
8
Transfer of assets and liabilities
8 Transfer of assets and liabilities
(1) In this section –
State tax means any of the following imposed by an Act or law of this State:
(a) a fee;
(b) a tax or duty;
(c) a charge;
Trust property means the following property:
(a) the land situated at 77 Box Hill Road, Claremont in Tasmania, comprised in Volume 71050, Folios 1 and 2 of the Register kept under section 33 of the Land Titles Act 1980 ;
(b) the land situated at 20-24 Arunta Crescent, Chigwell in Tasmania, comprised in Volume 86621, Folio 1 of the Register kept under section 33 of the Land Titles Act 1980 ;
(c) the land situated at 20 Cadbury Road, Claremont in Tasmania, comprised in Volume 86522, Folios 2 and 3 of the Register kept under section 33 of the Land Titles Act 1980 ;
(d) the land situated at 99 Allunga Road, Chigwell in Tasmania, as identified by the property identification number 5296787 contained in the Land Information System Tasmania administered by the department responsible for the administration of the Land Titles Act 1980 ;
(e) any other property held by, or on behalf of, a Trustee or Trust Governor in his or her capacity as Trustee or Trust Governor;
(f) any other property held by, or on behalf of or for the purposes of, the Trust.
(2) On the commencement day –
(a) the Trust property vests in the Association for the purposes of the Association; and
(b) the liabilities of the Trusts, including liabilities of the Trusts in respect of the Trust property, become the liabilities of the Association.
(3) State tax is not payable in respect of any document prepared, or transfer or transaction done, to give effect to subsection (2) .
9
Construction of certain documents
9 Construction of certain documents
(1) In this section –
document means a document, or part of a document, that was in force immediately before the commencement day.
(2) Unless the context or the subject matter of a document otherwise requires, on and after the commencement day –
(a) a reference in a document to the Trust Deed is taken to be a reference to the Rules of Association; and
(b) a reference in a document to the Trusts is taken to be a reference to the Association.
(3) Unless the context or the subject matter of a document otherwise requires, on and after the commencement day a reference in a document to any of the following organisations is taken to be a reference to the Association:
(a) Boys' Home Industrial School;
(b) Kennerley Boys' Home;
(c) Boys' Home;
(d) Boys' Industrial School;
(e) Hobart Boys' Home and Industrial School;
(f) Kennerley Boys' Industrial School;
(g) Kennerley Home.
10
Legal proceedings and related matters
10 Legal proceedings and related matters
On and after the commencement day –
(a) any legal or other proceedings instituted by or against a person in respect of the performance or exercise, or failure to perform or exercise, a trust function or power that are still pending may be continued by or against the Association; and
(b) any legal or other proceedings that could have been instituted, before the commencement day, by or against a person in respect of the performance or exercise, or failure to perform or exercise, a trust function or power may be instituted by or against the Association; and
(c) any judgement or order of a court obtained before the commencement day by or against a person acting as Trustee or Trust Governor, in his or her capacity as Trustee or Trust Governor, and not executed or satisfied before the commencement day may be enforced by or against the Association; and
(d) a document relating to any legal or other proceedings that has been served on or by a person acting as Trustee or Trust Governor, in his or her capacity as Trustee or Trust Governor, is taken, where appropriate, to have been served on or by the Association.
(a) the administration of this Act is assigned to the Minister for Justice; and
(b) the department responsible to the Minister for Justice in relation to the administration of this Act is the Department of Justice.
Source text
Sourced from Tasmanian Legislation Online (legislation.tas.gov.au), CC BY 4.0.
Part 1 Preliminary
Part 1 Preliminary
1 Short title
1 Short title
This Act may be cited as the Kennerley Trust Act 2015 .
2 Commencement
2 Commencement
This Act commences on the day on which this Act receives the Royal Assent.
3 Interpretation
3 Interpretation
In this Act –
Association means the Kennerley Children's Home Inc (ABN 54 083 304 285);
commencement day means the day on which this Act commences;
Rules of Association means the rules of the Association, as in force from time to time, that are made as required by, and in accordance with, the Associations Incorporation Act 1964 ;
Trust Deed means the Deed of Gift dated 20 March 1876 and registered in the Registry, within the meaning of the Registration of Deeds Act 1935 , on 16 January 1908 under the number 11/7412;
Trustee means the position of Trustee as established by the Trust Deed;
trust function or power means a function or power in respect of the Trust or the assets or liabilities of the Trust;
Trust Governor means the position of Governor as established by the Trust Deed;
Trusts means the trusts established under the Trust Deed.
Part 2 Validation
Part 2 Validation
4 Validation of certain actions
4 Validation of certain actions
A person who, before the commencement day, performed or exercised, or purportedly performed or exercised, a trust function or power is taken –
It reinterprets existing documents to convert references to the Trust Deed into references to the Rules of Association, references to the Trusts into references to the Association, and a list of historic institutional names into references to the Association unless the context otherwise requires (s 9).
It provides that pending or potential legal proceedings concerning the exercise or failure to exercise trust functions can be continued by or against the Association, that pre-commencement judgments are enforceable by or against the Association, and that service on pre-commencement officeholders is treated as service on the Association where appropriate (s 10).
It assigns administration of the Act to the Minister for Justice and the Department of Justice until an Administrative Arrangements order provides otherwise (s 11).
The Act is expressly a winding-up and transfer instrument. It extinguishes the Trust Deed and consolidates property, liabilities, and legal personality into the Association, while creating a statutory record that validates certain historical acts and limits certain claims against former officeholders.
Main concepts
The Act relies on a compact set of statutory concepts that determine how the legal and property transition operates. Those concepts are defined or implemented in Part 1 and Part 3.
Definitions and identity
Association. The statutory transferee is the Kennerley Children's Home Inc (ABN 54 083 304 285) (s 3). That defined entity is the central actor that receives the assets and liabilities and steps into the Trusts for future legal purposes.
Trust Deed. The instrument being revoked is the Deed of Gift dated 20 March 1876 and registered 16 January 1908, referred to throughout as the Trust Deed (s 3).
Trustee, Trust Governor, trust function or power. The Act treats those labels as positions and capacities created by the Trust Deed; performance in those roles before commencement is the subject of validation and limitation rules (s 3, s 4, s 6).
Revocation and vesting
Revocation. The Trust Deed is statutorily revoked on the commencement day (s 7). That is a legal termination of the Trust Deed itself; the Act does not repeal the Trust Deed by reference to external practice. The revocation is immediate on commencement.
Vesting. Trust property, defined to include specified parcels of land and "any other property held by, or on behalf of, a Trustee or Trust Governor" and "any other property held by, or on behalf of or for the purposes of, the Trust" (s 8(1)), vests in the Association for the purposes of the Association on commencement (s 8(2)(a)). Concurrently, liabilities of the Trusts become liabilities of the Association (s 8(2)(b)).
Validation of past conduct and limitation on claims
Validation. Persons who, before commencement, performed or purported to perform trust functions or powers in good faith in accordance with the Trust Deed or the Rules of Association are taken to have validly performed those functions and to have held the required position (s 4).
No retrospective breach of trust. The Act declares that no breach of trust is taken to have occurred in respect of the Trust Deed for the historical period up to commencement (s 5(1)). The Act also treats the Kennerley Children's Homes Act 1969 as having varied the Trust Deed and that the variation remained effective despite that Act’s repeal (s 5(2)).
No action for failure to act. The Act extinguishes a particular class of claims: it bars actions against persons who acted, or purported to act, in the position of Trustee or Trust Governor before commencement (a "proposed defendant") for loss if the loss is only incurred as a consequence of the proposed defendant failing to perform or exercise any function or power specified within the Trust Deed (s 6).
Documentary construction and historical names
Rewriting references. The Act treats references in existing documents to the Trust Deed as references to the Rules of Association and references to the Trusts as references to the Association, unless context otherwise requires (s 9(2)). It also converts various historical institutional names into references to the Association (s 9(3)). These statutory constructions operate from commencement day.
Legal proceedings and enforcement
Continuation and substitution. The Act enables pending proceedings concerning trust functions to be continued by or against the Association and enables claims that could have been brought before commencement to be brought after commencement by or against the Association (s 10(a)-(b)).
Judgments and service. Pre-commencement judgments against persons acting in trust capacities remain enforceable by or against the Association. Documents served on officeholders in their trust capacity are taken, where appropriate, to have been served on or by the Association (s 10(c)-(d)).
Administrative assignment
Until an Administrative Arrangements order is made, the Act is administered by the Minister for Justice and the Department of Justice (s 11). That identifies who is responsible for administrative queries and oversight initially.
Tax and registration consequences
State tax exemption. The Act declares that State tax is not payable in respect of documents prepared or transfers or transactions done to give effect to vesting under s 8(2) (s 8(3)). The Act identifies specific land parcels by reference to the Land Titles Act 1980 register entries as part of the trust property (s 8(1)).
These concepts together create the legal architecture for winding up the trust and folding its assets, liabilities, and legal responsibilities into the incorporated Association, while seeking to limit retrospective claims against individuals and to preserve legal continuity.
Who it affects
The Act names and affects particular legal actors, and it has consequential effects that reach to beneficiaries, creditors, counterparties, and government agencies.
Primary affected entities
The Association, being Kennerley Children's Home Inc, is the statutory transferee of all designated trust property and the assignee of the Trusts’ liabilities (s 3; s 8(2)(a)-(b)). On commencement, the Association becomes the responsible legal entity for the assets and obligations that belonged to the Trusts.
Persons who acted, or purported to act, as Trustee or Trust Governor at any time before commencement (termed "proposed defendant" in s 6) are affected by validation and limitation rules. The Act takes certain past acts by those persons to have been valid if undertaken in good faith (s 4) and bars certain actions for failure to act (s 6).
Beneficiaries of the Trusts are affected because the underlying trust vehicle (the Trust Deed) is revoked (s 7) and the assets and liabilities are vested in the Association (s 8). The Act does not in express terms set out entitlement or distribution mechanisms under the Association structure; it simply vests property and liabilities in the Association for the purposes of the Association (s 8(2)(a)).
Third parties, counterparties and creditors
Creditors of the Trusts are affected because the liabilities of the Trusts, including those in respect of trust property, become liabilities of the Association (s 8(2)(b)). Creditors holding judgments or claims that relate to trust functions retain routes to enforce against the Association (s 10).
Parties to transactions affecting the specified parcels of land or other trust property will be affected by the change in legal owner and by the statutory exemption from State tax in effecting transfers required by s 8(3). Conveyancers and land registries will need to recognise the statutory vesting and may need documentary proof of the statutory change.
Persons who have documents referring to the Trust Deed, the Trusts or historical institutional names will be affected because those references are taken to refer to the Rules of Association or the Association unless the document’s context requires otherwise (s 9(2)-(3)).
Government agencies and taxation
The State’s taxation authorities are affected in that the Act removes State tax payable for transactions done to give effect to the vesting in s 8(3). The Act identifies specific land situated in Tasmania and registered under the Land Titles Act 1980 as part of Trust property (s 8(1)). Administrative responsibility for the Act is assigned to the Minister for Justice and Department of Justice until the Administrative Arrangements Act 1990 order changes that (s 11).
Persons with litigation exposure
Anyone who has instituted, been party to, or could have instituted proceedings against pre-commencement trustees or governors in relation to trust functions will find that those proceedings may be continued by or against the Association, and that judgments may be enforced by or against the Association (s 10). Conversely, pre-commencement claims against trustees for failure to perform trust powers that caused loss only because of that failure are barred (s 6).
Others with documentary links
Documents that mention historic names , e.g. Kennerley Boys’ Home, Hobart Boys' Home and Industrial School and variants listed in s 9(3) , are, unless context requires otherwise, treated as referring to the Association from commencement. That affects registries, archives, contracts, leases, easements, memorials and any instrument which contains those references.
Overall, the Act primarily affects the Association (as recipient), pre-commencement officeholders (as validated and partially immune), beneficiaries and creditors (whose legal relationships are transferred to the Association), and public agencies involved with registration and tax.
Key duties and rights
The Act is not an operational charter for the Association’s conduct in the future. Its operative thrust is transfer, validation and continuity. Nevertheless, it creates statutory rights and obligations by operation of vesting, transfers, document re-construction and procedural rules.
Rights conferred
Right to hold property. On commencement, the Association acquires statutory title to the defined trust property and any other trust property (s 8(2)(a)). The Association has the right to hold and deal with that property "for the purposes of the Association" (s 8(2)(a)).
Right to continue or initiate proceedings. The Association may continue pending proceedings that were instituted by or against persons in respect of trust functions and may bring proceedings that could have been brought before commencement (s 10(a)-(b)). Pre-commencement judgments against persons acting in their trust capacity may be enforced by or against the Association (s 10(c)).
Right to benefit from statutory construction. The Association benefits from statutory deeming that converts references to the Trust Deed or Trusts into references to the Rules of Association or the Association in pre-existing documents (s 9(2)-(3)). That can simplify title and contractual continuity.
Duties and obligations
Duty to take on liabilities. The Association becomes liable for the liabilities of the Trusts, including liabilities relating to trust property (s 8(2)(b)). There is an implicit duty to meet, or manage, those liabilities to the extent they fall due.
Administrative duty. Until an Administrative Arrangements order is made, the Minister for Justice and the Department of Justice have administrative responsibility (s 11). This places a duty on the Association and third parties to direct administrative enquiries and notifications to the assigned Minister and Department until an order provides otherwise.
Documentary duties. Because documents are reinterpreted (s 9), the Association will have to ensure its governance documents and records align with the deemed references where appropriate. The Act also exempts State tax for documents prepared to give effect to the vesting, which implies a procedural expectation that appropriate documents will be prepared and lodged to give effect to vesting (s 8(3)).
Constraints on remedies and claims
Limitation on actions for failures to act. The Act bars actions against persons who acted, or purported to act, as Trustee or Trust Governor pre-commencement where the loss was only incurred as a consequence of failing to perform a function or power specified in the Trust Deed (s 6). That operates as a statutory constraint on certain remedies that otherwise might have been sought against individuals.
Validation subject to good faith. Validation of prior acts applies where the acts were performed "in good faith in accordance with the Trust Deed or the Rules of Association, as in force at the time" (s 4). The Act therefore conditions validation on adherence to the Trust Deed or Rules and on subjective good faith as expressed in the statute.
No penal sanctions in the text
The Act does not create offences, criminal penalties or pecuniary sanctions in the provisions supplied. The statute focuses on property transfer, validation and procedural continuity. Enforcement therefore relies on civil process and administrative implementation of vesting and registration.
Operational implications
The Association will need to account for both property rights and liabilities that are now its responsibility, and to decide how to exercise or discharge them under its Rules of Association. Parties with pre-existing proceedings must decide whether to substitute the Association as the plaintiff or defendant consistent with s 10. Conveyancers, registrars and tax authorities must recognise the statutory vesting and the State tax exemption for the transfer instruments used to effect it (s 8(3)).
In sum, the Act creates rights of ownership and the duty to carry associated liabilities for the Association, confers procedural rights relating to litigation and document interpretation, and constrains certain civil claims against former officeholders.
Penalties and enforcement
The Act’s text as supplied does not create criminal offences or express statutory penalties. Enforcement mechanisms are limited to civil process, vesting rules, statutory constructions and administrative assignment.
Enforcement routes established by the Act
Continuation and institution of civil proceedings. Section 10 provides the principal enforcement pathway. Proceedings that were pending before commencement in respect of the performance or exercise, or failure to perform or exercise, a trust function or power may be continued by or against the Association. Additionally, proceedings that could have been instituted before commencement may be instituted by or against the Association on or after commencement (s 10(a)-(b)). That enables creditors, beneficiaries or claimants to pursue civil remedies against the Association as successor in interest.
Enforcement of judgments. Section 10(c) provides that existing judgments or court orders obtained before commencement against a person acting as Trustee or Trust Governor in that capacity, and not satisfied before commencement, may be enforced by or against the Association. The Association therefore steps into the enforcement chain as the legal entity liable under outstanding judgments.
Service and procedural substitution. Section 10(d) equates service on or by a person in their pre-commencement trust capacity to service on or by the Association where appropriate. That simplifies procedural steps in court processes and evidentiary linkage in enforcement matters.
Limitations on actions and exposure reduction
No action for failure to act. Section 6 removes a specific cause of action against persons who acted, or purported to act, in positions of Trustee or Trust Governor before commencement. If the only basis of loss is the proposed defendant’s failure to perform or exercise a function or power specified within the Trust Deed, no action lies. That provision reduces the universe of enforceable claims against former officeholders in respect of such failures.
Validation of past acts. Section 4 takes prior acts performed in good faith and in accordance with the Trust Deed or Rules of Association to have been valid. That reduces exposure to challenges that might have been brought alleging invalid exercise of trust powers, subject to the Act’s good faith qualification.
No express penalties for contraventions
The Act contains no express penalties, fines, or offences for non‑compliance with its provisions in the supplied text. Enforcement appears limited to civil remedies and operation through property law and litigation substitution mechanisms.
Administrative enforcement and responsibility
Administration is initially assigned to the Minister for Justice and the Department of Justice under s 11 until an Administrative Arrangements order states otherwise. That assignment identifies the responsible administrative authority to whom compliance questions, transfers of documents and inquiries about implementation should be directed.
Practical enforcement consequences
For creditors or claimants, the practical enforcement pathway is civil litigation or execution against the Association. For the Association, enforcement risk exists in assuming liabilities of the Trusts and in facing continuation of proceedings. The statutory tax exemption for documents and transfers relating to the vesting (s 8(3)) reduces one cost of the transfer process, but does not limit civil liability under the transferred obligations.
In short, enforcement is effected through civil substitution and execution against the Association, judicial processes that recognise the statutory vesting and substitution, and administrative oversight by the assigned Minister, rather than through statutory fines or criminal sanctions in the Act text.
How it interacts with other laws
The Act expressly cross-references and interacts with several other Tasmanian statutes and embedded legal instruments. Its operation changes the legal relations established by those instruments by statutory deeming and transfer.
Associations Incorporation Act 1964
The Act refers to the Rules of Association as those rules "made as required by, and in accordance with, the Associations Incorporation Act 1964" (s 3). The Rules of Association are therefore incorporated into the statutory framework as the practical governance regime that replaces references to the Trust Deed in certain documents (s 9(2)). The Act does not amend the Associations Incorporation Act 1964 itself; it merely uses that Act to define the Rules of Association.
Registration of Deeds Act 1935
The Trust Deed is described as the Deed of Gift dated 20 March 1876 and registered in the Registry within the meaning of the Registration of Deeds Act 1935 on 16 January 1908 (s 3). The Act therefore recognises the Trust Deed’s registration under that Act as part of its factual foundation. The revocation in s 7 terminates the Trust Deed as an operative instrument despite its prior registration under that Act.
Land Titles Act 1980
Section 8(1) identifies specified parcels of land by reference to the Register kept under section 33 of the Land Titles Act 1980. That links the statutory vesting in s 8(2) directly to the Torrens register entries for the listed parcels. Conveyancing and land registry procedures under the Land Titles Act will be implicated when giving statutory effect to the vesting.
Kennerley Children's Homes Act 1969 and Legislation Repeal Act 1998
Section 5(2) takes the Kennerley Children's Homes Act 1969, on the day it commenced, as having varied the Trust Deed to the extent necessary to incorporate the provisions and intention of that Act, and declares that the variation remained in effect despite the repeal of that Act under the Legislation Repeal Act 1998. The Act therefore preserves a historical legislative variation to the Trust Deed and treats its effect as persisting despite the repeal of the 1969 Act. That creates a statutory continuity bridging the gap created by the 1969 Act’s later repeal.
Administrative Arrangements Act 1990
Section 11 assigns administration of this Act to the Minister for Justice and the Department of Justice until an order under section 4 of the Administrative Arrangements Act 1990 is made. This creates a temporary administrative relationship and points to the mechanism for any future reallocation of administrative responsibility.
State taxation law
Section 8(3) declares that State tax is not payable in respect of documents prepared, or transfers or transactions done, to give effect to the vesting in s 8(2). That creates a specific interaction with State taxation statutes and fees that might otherwise apply to conveyances, transfers or other instruments. The exemption is statutory and specific to the documents and transfers required to implement the vesting.
Private documents, historic names and operation of prior instruments
Section 9 modifies legal interpretation of existing documents by deeming references to the Trust Deed to be references to the Rules of Association and references to the Trusts or certain historic organisational names to be references to the Association, unless context otherwise requires. That statutory re‑reading can affect operation of contracts, trusts, deeds, and historical instruments created under the earlier trust regime. It operates as a legislative mechanism to keep private instruments functioning without requiring re-execution.
Limits and savings
The Act contains several saving and validation provisions that interact with pre-existing legal obligations. Section 4 validates prior acts done in good faith; s 5 declares no breach of trust for historical periods; and s 6 bars a subset of claims against pre-commencement officeholders. These provisions are designed to limit disruption in the legal landscape during the transition from trust to association framework.
Overall, the Act operates as a statutory bridge between the historical legal architecture founded on the Trust Deed and the modern regime centred on the incorporated Association, while preserving certain historical legislative effects and providing for tax exemptions and administrative oversight under related statutes.
Amendment history
The supplied Act text contains only the operative provisions, commencement rule and definitions. It does not include any schedules, amendment notes or a record of subsequent amendments within this text. The following is what the text shows about status and timing.
Commencement. The Act commences on the day on which it receives Royal Assent (s 2). The Act therefore takes effect immediately on that event; there is no deferred commencement provision in the supplied text.
No internal amendment clauses. The Act contains no internal amendment provisions that change other Acts directly within its text beyond the declarations of effect in s 5 that treat a prior Act as having varied the Trust Deed and that such variation remained in effect despite repeal. That is a substantive preservation clause, not an amendment of other Acts.
No schedules or repeals recorded. The supplied text contains no schedules that list amendments, no clauses that repeal the Act itself, and no attached amendment history. The Act does not include an editorial history, transitional amendment table, or legislative notes within the text supplied.
Administrative reallocation mechanism. Section 11 anticipates administrative reallocation by order under s 4 of the Administrative Arrangements Act 1990. That mechanism permits future administrative change, but s 11 itself does not amend any administrative arrangements act; it merely assigns current administration pending an order.
Deeming of prior variation. Section 5(2) operates as a retroactive deeming of the effect of the Kennerley Children's Homes Act 1969 on the Trust Deed and records that the variation continued despite the later repeal under the Legislation Repeal Act 1998. That is an internal statutory preservation, not a statutory amendment to the 1969 or 1998 Acts as contained in this text.
Because the supplied text contains no express amendment schedule or recorded legislative history, users seeking the formal amendment record, consolidation history, or any changes made after the drafting of this text should consult the jurisdiction’s legislative database, parliamentary records and official consolidated versions. The Act’s structure demonstrates that its own mechanism for future administrative change is via the Administrative Arrangements Act 1990 order referenced in s 11, rather than by ongoing amendments embedded in this instrument.
Litigation history
The Act text does not supply any case law, judicial interpretations, or records of litigation. It does, however, create statutory mechanisms that directly affect litigation born under the trust regime and litigation that might arise after vesting. The following describes the statutory mechanics that will determine litigation paths and practical issues for parties and lawyers.
Statutory substitution and continuation
Pending proceedings. Section 10(a) allows any legal or other proceedings that were instituted by or against a person in respect of the performance or exercise, or failure to perform or exercise, a trust function or power and were still pending on commencement to be continued by or against the Association. That statutory rule creates a facial right to substitute the Association into active litigation as successor in interest.
Prospective proceedings. Section 10(b) permits proceedings that could have been instituted before commencement by or against a person in respect of those trust functions to be instituted by or against the Association after commencement. That preserves the ability to litigate claims that ripened before commencement but had not yet been filed.
Judgments and enforcement
Pre-commencement judgments. Section 10(c) provides for enforcement by or against the Association of judgments or orders obtained before commencement against persons acting in their trust capacity and not executed or satisfied before commencement. Practically, parties holding unsatisfied judgments against a trustee or governor pre-commencement acquire a statutory route to enforce against the Association.
Service. Section 10(d) treats service of documents on or by a person acting in that trust capacity before commencement as, where appropriate, service on or by the Association. That addresses evidentiary and procedural continuity for court processes dependent on service history.
Limits to litigation against individuals
Bar on certain actions for failure to act. Section 6 removes the ability to sue proposed defendants for losses that are only incurred as a consequence of the proposed defendant failing to perform or exercise any function or power specified within the Trust Deed. Litigation strategies that rely solely on that form of loss will be precluded by the statute. That has immediate relevance for claimants who might have otherwise sued former trustees or governors.
Evidence and validation
Validation of prior acts in good faith. Section 4 deems acts and exercises of power undertaken in good faith in accordance with the Trust Deed or the Rules of Association to have been valid. That can be used as a defence by individuals sued for actions taken before commencement, provided the claimant cannot show lack of good faith or departure from the Trust Deed and Rules.
Practical litigation consequences
Parties bringing claims post-commencement must identify whether the claim targets the Association as successor or whether it is a residual claim that survives against an individual for reasons not caught by s 6. For existing lawsuits, plaintiffs and defendants will need to consider substitution or amendment of parties to reflect the statutory transfer and to rely on s 10 and s 4 where applicable.
Enforcement officers and judgment creditors should be prepared to execute against the Association in its capacity as assignee of liabilities. Courts will need to recognise statutory substitution and may face factual disputes about whether a pre-commencement act was taken in good faith and in accordance with the Trust Deed or Rules.
Absence of judicial interpretation in the text
The Act provides the statutory framework but supplies no judicial history, interpretive decisions, or reported litigation. Any questions about construction, such as what constitutes "good faith" for s 4, the circumstances in which the "context or subject matter" exception in s 9 applies, or the scope of "liabilities of the Trusts" in s 8(2)(b), will require litigation or administrative guidance to resolve.
In short, the Act re-maps potential litigation by substituting the Association into many positions and limiting certain claims against former officeholders. The precise boundaries of those changes will be determined in future litigation or administrative rulings, none of which are recorded in the supplied text.
Gotchas
The Act’s structure attempts to produce legal continuity while excising the historical Trust Deed. Several points of friction and risk arise from the text that practitioners should note because they may produce unintended legal or practical consequences.
Revocation of the Trust Deed does not automatically restructure beneficial entitlements
The Trust Deed is revoked on commencement (s 7) and property vests in the Association for "the purposes of the Association" (s 8(2)(a)). The Act does not set out how former beneficial interests under the Trust Deed map into membership rights, distributions or governance mechanisms of the Association. Parties expecting specific trust allocations may find that further internal governance steps are needed under the Rules of Association to effect distributions or to document member or beneficiary rights.
Broad vesting description may require registration steps
Section 8(1) identifies specific parcels of land and uses catch-all language to include "any other property held by, or on behalf of, a Trustee or Trust Governor" and "any other property held by, or on behalf of or for the purposes of, the Trust". That breadth means property not identified in schedules might be statutorily transferred, but practical vesting in the Torrens system for the listed parcels will likely require registration steps and appropriate documentary proof. Although the Act exempts State tax for documents prepared to give effect to the vesting (s 8(3)), practical questions may arise regarding which documents are needed to update titles.
Tax exemption scope is limited to documents done to give effect to s 8(2)
Section 8(3) exempts State tax "in respect of any document prepared, or transfer or transaction done, to give effect to subsection (2)". That carve-out may not cover other taxes, fees or charges unconnected to the specific documents or transfers used to vest assets. Practitioners should not assume a blanket tax immunity on other transactions involving the Association and former trust assets beyond what is necessary to effect the statutory vesting.
Validation depends on "good faith" and conformity with rules at the time
Section 4 validates acts if performed "in good faith in accordance with the Trust Deed or the Rules of Association, as in force at the time". That introduces two potential contentious issues: the subjective or objective meaning of "good faith" and whether the act complied with the Trust Deed or the Rules "as in force at the time". Records of the rules as in force and contemporaneous evidence of decision-making will be important in any dispute.
Narrow bar on actions for failure to act
Section 6 bars actions only where the loss is "only incurred by the person as a consequence of the proposed defendant failing to perform or exercise, any function or power specified within the Trust Deed". That language may leave claims intact where loss results from a combination of failures or from active misconduct. Claimants may plead alternative bases to avoid the statutory bar.
Reinterpretation of documents has a caveat
Section 9 operates "unless the context or the subject matter of a document otherwise requires". This reservation allows documents with specific, context-dependent meaning to escape the statutory deeming. Determining whether context "otherwise requires" will be fact-sensitive and potentially litigated.
Potential mismatch between historical legislative variations and present law
Section 5(2) deems that the 1969 Act varied the Trust Deed and that the variation remained despite repeal by the 1998 Act. That may create interpretive complexity where historical amendments or legislative intentions are not fully documented in the contemporary governance documents. Practitioners should verify the historical text of the 1969 Act and the substance of the variation where it matters.
No express transitional governance rules
The Act does not set out transitional governance arrangements within the Association, such as membership classes, board composition, or trustee replacement mechanisms. The Association’s Rules will govern internal decisions, but there may be ambiguity where trust governance previously provided detailed appointment or powers rules that are now revoked.
Potential unidentified liabilities
The Act makes the Association responsible for "the liabilities of the Trusts" (s 8(2)(b)). That includes contingent or latent liabilities. The Act provides no procedure for claims arising from unknown historical liabilities or for indemnities against pre-commencement conduct except the narrow immunity in s 6. The Association must therefore assess historical exposure and consider insurance and risk allocation.
Administrative responsibility initially assigned
Section 11 assigns administration to the Minister for Justice until an Administrative Arrangements order reallocates it. That means immediate administrative interactions will be with the Department of Justice, but future administrative responsibility could shift. Parties should not assume permanent administrative placement based purely on s 11.
These points are not conjecture about policy; they arise directly from the Act’s textual mechanics and the interplay between statutory vesting, document construction, litigation substitution, tax exemption and validation. Each presents a concrete implementation or legal risk that requires documentary verification and procedural action.
How to comply
The Act imposes a limited set of statutory effects rather than prescriptive ongoing duties. Compliance therefore focuses on implementing vesting, aligning documents to the statutory constructions, managing liabilities, and preserving evidentiary records to take advantage of the Act’s validation provisions.
Confirm commencement and statutory status
Verify the exact commencement day, which the Act defines as the day it receives Royal Assent (s 2). Record the commencement date carefully because validation, vesting and the bar on actions operate relative to that day (s 4, s 7, s 8, s 10).
Inventory trust property and liabilities
Prepare a complete inventory of trust property, including the land parcels specifically identified in s 8(1) and any other property "held by, or on behalf of, a Trustee or Trust Governor" or "for the purposes of, the Trust" (s 8(1)(e)-(f)). Conduct due diligence for contingent liabilities, contracts, mortgages, easements, leases and other encumbrances. Because the liabilities of the Trusts become liabilities of the Association (s 8(2)(b)), the Association should identify and quantify these for balance sheet and risk-management purposes.
Undertake or instruct land title transfer steps where required
For the parcels listed in s 8(1)(a)-(d), coordinate with the land titles registry to determine what documentary steps are required to reflect the statutory vesting in the Torrens system. Prepare instruments "to give effect to subsection (2)" of s 8(2) and consider using the statutory tax exemption provided in s 8(3) for State tax payable in respect of such documents. Keep copies of the statutory text and contemporaneous proof of the statutory basis for any registration lodgement.
Update governance and documents
Review the Rules of Association and ensure they are in force and capable of governing the Association’s exercise of its new property and liability responsibilities (s 3; s 9(2)). Update internal governance documents, minutes and financial delegations to reflect the Association’s new role. Where third-party documents (contracts, leases, deeds, archives) contain references to the Trust Deed, Trusts or the historic institutional names listed in s 9(3), note that those references are now to be read as referencing the Rules of Association or the Association unless context otherwise requires (s 9(2)-(3)). For documents where context makes that conversion ambiguous, consider obtaining deeds of amendment or consent to remove uncertainty.
Manage pending and potential litigation
For any proceedings pending before commencement that concern trust functions, consider applying to substitute the Association into the proceedings where appropriate under s 10(a). For potential claims that could have been instituted prior to commencement, decide whether the Association should anticipate such claims and prepare to defend or settle. Maintain records that demonstrate good faith compliance with the Trust Deed or Rules of Association for any pre-commencement acts (s 4). For outstanding judgments against former officeholders in their trust capacity, identify whether enforcement against the Association is possible under s 10(c) and plan for execution or settlement accordingly.
Preserve evidence of good faith and conformity with rules
The validation provision in s 4 is contingent on actions being performed in good faith and in accordance with the Trust Deed or Rules of Association "as in force at the time". Retain minutes, resolutions, signed deeds, and contemporaneous records that evidence good faith and conformity with the governing instruments. That documentation will be central if a party challenges the validity of a prior act.
Assess insurance, indemnities and risk transfer
Given that liabilities transfer to the Association, review insurance policies, indemnity arrangements and any contracts that allocate liability or require insurer consent on assignment. Where necessary, approach insurers to confirm coverage for pre-commencement acts and liabilities. Identify whether indemnities from former officeholders exist and whether they remain enforceable after vesting.
Use the State tax exemption correctly
Where preparing documents or effecting transfers to give effect to the vesting, ensure that State tax exemption under s 8(3) is claimed correctly and documented. Maintain robust file records demonstrating that the documents were prepared to implement the vesting to support any future tax queries.
Notify stakeholders and update public records
Notify creditors, beneficiaries, lessees, licensees, mortgagees, counter‑parties and relevant registries of the change in legal ownership and the Association’s new contact and authority. Update insurance certificates, banking mandates, and utility accounts as required to reflect the Association’s ownership and liability positions.
Liaise with the assigned administrative authority
Until an Administrative Arrangements order reallocates administration, the Act is administered by the Minister for Justice and the Department of Justice (s 11). Direct queries, lodging of statutory documentation, or requests for administrative guidance to those offices. If and when an order reallocates administration, be prepared to follow new administrative directions.
Consider legal steps for ambiguous documents or contexts
Where the "context or subject matter" exception in s 9 applies and ambiguity remains about whether a document continues to operate under the new deeming, consider obtaining declarations, deeds of clarification, court directions or consensual amendments to remove legal uncertainty.
Financial reporting and accounting
Record the acquisition of trust assets and liabilities in the Association’s financial statements at the appropriate dates. Ensure auditors are provided with complete disclosure of the statutory basis for asset and liability transfers and the steps taken to identify contingent liabilities.
These steps are grounded in the Act’s provisions. The central practical tasks are: identify and register assets; assemble and quantify liabilities; preserve records to support validation and defence; and use the statutory constructions and tax exemptions where they apply.
(a) to have validly performed or exercised that trust function or power, if the function or power was performed or exercised in good faith in accordance with the Trust Deed or the Rules of Association, as in force at the time the function was performed or the power was exercised; and
(b) to have held the position required in the Trust Deed, or the Rules of Association, to perform the function or exercise the power while he or she was performing the function or exercising the power.
5 Trust Deed
5 Trust Deed
(1) No breach of trust is taken to have occurred in respect of the Trust Deed during the period commencing on the day that the Trust Deed initially took effect and ending on the commencement day.
(2) On the day that the Kennerley Children's Homes Act 1969 commenced –
(a) that Act is taken to have varied the Trust Deed to the extent necessary to incorporate the provisions, and intention, of that Act; and
(b) the variation of the Trust Deed by that Act is taken to have remained in effect despite the repeal of that Act under the Legislation Repeal Act 1998 .
6 No action lies in respect of failure to act
6 No action lies in respect of failure to act
(1) In this section –
proposed defendant means a person who acted, or purportedly acted, in the position of Trustee or Trust Governor at any point before the commencement day.
(2) No action lies against a proposed defendant in relation to any loss incurred by a person, if the loss is only incurred by the person as a consequence of the proposed defendant failing to perform or exercise, any function or power specified within the Trust Deed.
Part 3 Winding-up of Kennerley Trust
Part 3 Winding-up of Kennerley Trust
7 Revocation of Trust Deed
7 Revocation of Trust Deed
On the commencement day, the Trust Deed is revoked.
8 Transfer of assets and liabilities
8 Transfer of assets and liabilities
(1) In this section –
State tax means any of the following imposed by an Act or law of this State:
(a) a fee;
(b) a tax or duty;
(c) a charge;
Trust property means the following property:
(a) the land situated at 77 Box Hill Road, Claremont in Tasmania, comprised in Volume 71050, Folios 1 and 2 of the Register kept under section 33 of the Land Titles Act 1980 ;
(b) the land situated at 20-24 Arunta Crescent, Chigwell in Tasmania, comprised in Volume 86621, Folio 1 of the Register kept under section 33 of the Land Titles Act 1980 ;
(c) the land situated at 20 Cadbury Road, Claremont in Tasmania, comprised in Volume 86522, Folios 2 and 3 of the Register kept under section 33 of the Land Titles Act 1980 ;
(d) the land situated at 99 Allunga Road, Chigwell in Tasmania, as identified by the property identification number 5296787 contained in the Land Information System Tasmania administered by the department responsible for the administration of the Land Titles Act 1980 ;
(e) any other property held by, or on behalf of, a Trustee or Trust Governor in his or her capacity as Trustee or Trust Governor;
(f) any other property held by, or on behalf of or for the purposes of, the Trust.
(2) On the commencement day –
(a) the Trust property vests in the Association for the purposes of the Association; and
(b) the liabilities of the Trusts, including liabilities of the Trusts in respect of the Trust property, become the liabilities of the Association.
(3) State tax is not payable in respect of any document prepared, or transfer or transaction done, to give effect to subsection (2) .
9 Construction of certain documents
9 Construction of certain documents
(1) In this section –
document means a document, or part of a document, that was in force immediately before the commencement day.
(2) Unless the context or the subject matter of a document otherwise requires, on and after the commencement day –
(a) a reference in a document to the Trust Deed is taken to be a reference to the Rules of Association; and
(b) a reference in a document to the Trusts is taken to be a reference to the Association.
(3) Unless the context or the subject matter of a document otherwise requires, on and after the commencement day a reference in a document to any of the following organisations is taken to be a reference to the Association:
(a) Boys' Home Industrial School;
(b) Kennerley Boys' Home;
(c) Boys' Home;
(d) Boys' Industrial School;
(e) Hobart Boys' Home and Industrial School;
(f) Kennerley Boys' Industrial School;
(g) Kennerley Home.
10 Legal proceedings and related matters
10 Legal proceedings and related matters
On and after the commencement day –
(a) any legal or other proceedings instituted by or against a person in respect of the performance or exercise, or failure to perform or exercise, a trust function or power that are still pending may be continued by or against the Association; and
(b) any legal or other proceedings that could have been instituted, before the commencement day, by or against a person in respect of the performance or exercise, or failure to perform or exercise, a trust function or power may be instituted by or against the Association; and
(c) any judgement or order of a court obtained before the commencement day by or against a person acting as Trustee or Trust Governor, in his or her capacity as Trustee or Trust Governor, and not executed or satisfied before the commencement day may be enforced by or against the Association; and
(d) a document relating to any legal or other proceedings that has been served on or by a person acting as Trustee or Trust Governor, in his or her capacity as Trustee or Trust Governor, is taken, where appropriate, to have been served on or by the Association.
Part 4 Miscellaneous
Part 4 Miscellaneous
11 Administration of Act
11 Administration of Act
Until provision is made in relation to this Act by order under section 4 of theAdministrative Arrangements Act 1990 –
(a) the administration of this Act is assigned to the Minister for Justice; and
(b) the department responsible to the Minister for Justice in relation to the administration of this Act is the Department of Justice.