Health Insurance Regulations 1975

These Regulations are the operational rulebook for Australia's Medicare system, working under the Health Insurance Act 1973. They determine who can bill Medicare—not just doctors, but midwives, nurse practitioners, dentists, physiotherapists and others—and set strict conditions (like "collaborative arrangements" requiring midwives to work with specified doctors). They govern how you get referred to specialists, including how long referrals last and emergency exceptions. They control diagnostic tests: who can request blood tests (pathology) and X-rays/CT scans (diagnostic imaging), what details must appear on request forms, and even technical specifications for imaging equipment (distinguishing between newer "K-type" and older "NK-type" machines based on age and upgrades). They also manage specialist recognition, setting out how doctors achieve specialist status through medical colleges (RACGP, ACRRM, etc.), how overseas-trained doctors can practice in Australia, and the appeals process for disputed decisions. Additionally, they specify billing requirements (what must appear on receipts), banned services (such as chelation therapy for weight loss), and quality assurance rules protecting doctors who participate in clinical improvement programs.