NORTHERN TERRITORY OF AUSTRALIA
FENCES ACT 1972
As in force at 1 June 2015
Table of provisions
1 Short title ......................................................................................... 1
2 State laws not to apply .................................................................... 1
3 Act not to bind Crown ...................................................................... 1
4 Saving of related Acts ...................................................................... 1
5 Definitions ........................................................................................ 1
6 Liability to contribute to cost of fence............................................... 3
7 Notice to fence................................................................................. 3
8 Orders to fence ................................................................................ 4
9 Enforcement of agreements and orders .......................................... 5
10 Application for order ex parte........................................................... 5
11 Liability of new owner for existing fence .......................................... 6
12 Proceedings for defining boundary line by registered surveyor ....... 6
13 Action in default of compliance with agreement or order ................. 7
14 Repair of fences .............................................................................. 8
15 Notice to repair ................................................................................ 8
16 Fences bounding roads ................................................................... 9
20 Apportionment as between owner and lessee ................................. 9
21 Liability where option to purchase exists ....................................... 10
22 Entry onto other land ..................................................................... 10
23 Form of service of notices.............................................................. 10
23A Dividing fences between Aboriginal community living areas
and lease from which excised........................................................ 11
24 Regulations.................................................................................... 11
25 Transitional matters for Northern Territory Civil and
Administrative Tribunal (Conferral of Jurisdiction
Amendments) Act 2014 ................................................................. 11
ENDNOTES
NORTHERN TERRITORY OF AUSTRALIA
As in force at 1 June 2015
FENCES ACT 1972
An Act relating to fences
1 Short title
This Act may be cited as the Fences Act 1972.
2 State laws not to apply
(1) The Fences Act 1892 of the State of South Australia and the
Fences Act Amendment Act 1903 of the State of South Australia
cease to have effect in the Territory as laws of the Territory.
(2) Section 8 of the Acts Interpretation Act 1901-1966, in its application
to Ordinances by virtue of section 4 of the Interpretation
Ordinance 1978, has effect as if the Fences Act 1892 of the State
of South Australia and the Fences Act Amendment Act 1903 of the
State of South Australia were Ordinances and had been repealed
by this Act.
3 Act not to bind Crown
This Act does not bind the Crown.
4 Saving of related Acts
This Act does not affect the operation or application of the Water
Act 1992 or Livestock Act 2008.
5 Definitions
(1) In this Act:
adjoining lands includes lands separated by a watercourse, lake
or other natural feature of such a character as to be insufficient to
prevent at all times the passage of stock, even if the bed and banks
of that water-course, lake or natural feature are Crown land, and
with respect to lands so separated the term common boundary
includes the bed and banks of the watercourse, lake or other
natural feature by which those lands are separated.
Crown land means land of the Crown which is not leased.
Fences Act 1972 2
dividing fence means a fence separating the adjoining lands of
different owners whether the adjoining lands are wholly or only
partly separated thereby and whether the fence is on the line of or,
in an appropriate case, on a line on the common boundary of the
adjoining lands or on a line other than the line of or a line on the
common boundary or partly on any one of those lines and partly on
the other or others.
fence means a structure of posts and board, palings, rails,
galvanised iron, metal or wire or a wall, ditch or embankment or a
combination of any of these, enclosing or bounding land and
includes any foundation, foundation wall or support reasonably
necessary for the support and maintenance of a building but does
not include a wall which is part of a building.
lease includes a lease, a sub-lease, an under-lease and an
agreement for a lease but does not include a Crown lease and
lessee has a corresponding meaning.
notice to fence means a notice served under section 7.
notice to repair means a notice served under section 15.
order to fence means an order to fence made under section 8
or 10.
order to repair means an order made under section 8(3) or 15.
owner includes every person who, whether jointly or severally at
law or in equity:
(a) is entitled to land for any estate of freehold in possession; or
(b) is a lessee of Crown land within the meaning of that
expression under any law for the time being in force in the
Territory relating to the leasing of Crown land;
but does not include trustees or other persons having the control
and management of land which is a public reserve or park or is
used for any public purpose which may be prescribed.
Tribunal means the Civil and Administrative Tribunal.
(2) Where, in any proceedings under this Act, the Tribunal has to
determine what is a sufficient fence for this Act the Tribunal must
have regard to:
(a) the nature of the neighbourhood in which the fence is to be
erected; and
Fences Act 1972 3
(b) the purpose for which the fence is to be erected; and
(c) whether any and if so what fences are usual in the
neighbourhood; and
(d) the need for the protection of persons or the containment of
stock in the neighbourhood;
and the court may determine that no fence is, in the circumstances,
required.
6 Liability to contribute to cost of fence
(1) Subject to this Act and to any agreement between the parties
concerned, the owners of adjoining lands not divided by a sufficient
fence are liable to join in or contribute to the construction of a
sufficient fence dividing their lands in equal proportions whether the
adjoining lands are to be wholly or only partly separated by the
proposed fence.
(2) The Tribunal may, where it considers that there are special
circumstances that justify it in so doing, order that the owners of
adjoining lands not divided by a sufficient fence must join in or
contribute to the construction of a sufficient fence dividing their
lands otherwise than in equal proportions, whether the adjoining
lands are to be wholly or only partly separated by the proposed
fence.
7 Notice to fence
An owner desiring to compel an owner of adjoining land to join in or
contribute to the construction of a dividing fence under this Act
(including the demolition of an existing fence and the erection of a
new fence) may serve that owner of adjoining land with a notice to
fence which must be in writing and must:
(a) specify the common boundary the line of which is to be fenced
or, where, on account of physical features of the land, it is
impracticable to construct a fence wholly on the line of the
common boundary of such adjoining lands or where the
adjoining lands are separated by a watercourse, lake or other
natural feature insufficient to prevent at all times the passage
of stock, the line on which it is proposed to construct such
fence, and if part of the line of a common boundary is to be
fenced, that part; and
(b) contain a proposal for fencing on the proposed line; and
(c) specify the kind of fence to be constructed.
Fences Act 1972 4
8 Orders to fence
(1) If, within one month after the service of a notice to fence, the owner
served with the notice to fence and the owner who served that
notice do not agree as to the construction of the proposed fence,
the line of the proposed fence or the kind of fence proposed, either
of those owners may apply to the Tribunal for an order determining:
(a) whether the construction of the proposed fence or a part of it
or of any fence between the adjoining lands is reasonably
required; or
(b) what part of any dividing fence is to be constructed by each of
such owners or that the whole of the fence must be
constructed by one owner and what proportion of the cost of
the construction of the fence must be borne by each of the
owners respectively; or
(c) the time within which the fence must be constructed; or
(d) the line upon which the fence the subject of the order must be
constructed; or
(e) the amount of compensation or annual compensation to be
paid by one owner to the other owner in consideration of the
loss of occupation of any land as a result of the construction of
the fence the subject of the order; or
(f) the kind of fence to be constructed; or
(g) the nature of any other relief to which the applicant is justly
entitled.
(2) Upon an application made under subsection (1) the Tribunal may
make all or any of the orders sought in the application or such of
the orders described in that subsection as either party to the
application, at the hearing, requests the Tribunal to make.
(3) Where the demolition of an existing dividing fence and the erection
of a new fence in place of the existing fence was proposed by the
notice to fence, the Tribunal to which application is made under
subsection (1) may, instead of making an order for the demolition of
the existing fence and the erection of a new fence, make an order
to repair the existing fence, specifying:
(a) the nature of the repairs; and
(b) which of the adjoining owners must effect the repairs; and
Fences Act 1972 5
(c) the proportions in which the cost of the repairs must be borne;
and
(d) the period of time during which no further order to fence may
be served with respect to the fence to be repaired unless the
consent of the Tribunal is first obtained.
(4) Where there are 2 or more owners of adjoining land any one of
those owners who has not been served with a notice to fence is
entitled to be joined as a party to any proceedings under this
section.
(5) Where, by agreement or under an order to fence, a fence is
constructed otherwise than wholly on the line of the common
boundary of adjoining lands, the occupation by a person of any land
adjoining that fence which he or she was not entitled to occupy
immediately before the fence was erected must not be taken to be
adverse possession of the land so occupied nor affect the title of
any person to the land so occupied.
(6) In determining the kind of fence to be erected under an order made
under this section, the Tribunal must take into account the kind of
fence usually erected in the locality where the fence is to be
constructed and whether it is usual to erect dividing fences in that
locality.
9 Enforcement of agreements and orders
Where an agreement is made between owners of adjoining lands
as to the construction of a dividing fence or an order is made by the
Tribunal as to any such fence and a person bound by that
agreement or order fails to observe any liability placed on him or
her by that agreement or order within the time specified in the
agreement or order or, if no such time is specified, within 6 months
after the making of the agreement or order, the other party to the
agreement or the proceedings in which the order was made may
carry out the work of constructing the fence the subject of the
agreement or of the provisions of the order and recover from the
first-mentioned person the extra cost incurred by him or her
because of the default of the first person.
10 Application for order ex parte
(1) An owner may apply to the Tribunal for an order to construct a
dividing fence even if a notice to fence has not been served on the
owner of the adjoining land.
(2) Upon an application made under subsection (1) the Tribunal, if it is
satisfied that the applicant has made reasonable enquiries and has
been unable to ascertain the whereabouts of the owner of the
Fences Act 1972 6
adjoining land, may make an order ex parte authorising the
applicant to construct a dividing fence of the kind and on the line
specified in the order.
(3) Where a fence is constructed under an order made under this
section and the successful applicant ascertains the whereabouts of
a person who was liable to be served with a notice to fence at the
time the application was made, the successful applicant may serve
on that person a copy of the order to fence.
(4) Upon service of a copy of an order to fence made under this
section:
(a) the person so served may apply to set aside the order on the
grounds that the order was not, at the time it was made, in
accordance with the justice of the case; or
(b) unless an order under paragraph (a) has been made, the
successful applicant is entitled to recover from the person so
served one half of the cost of the construction of the fence or
one half of the value of the fence at the date of service
(whichever is the lesser amount).
11 Liability of new owner for existing fence
Where an owner of land has constructed a dividing fence between
his or her land and adjoining Crown land and that adjoining Crown
land is subsequently alienated from the Crown then the owner of
the first-mentioned land may recover from the person to whom the
adjoining Crown land has been alienated half the value of that
dividing fence assessed as at the date of the alienation of the
adjoining Crown land to that person.
12 Proceedings for defining boundary line by registered surveyor
(1) Where the owners of adjoining lands do not agree as to the position
of the common boundary between their respective lands upon
which a dividing fence is proposed to be constructed, either one
may give notice to the other of his or her intention to have the
common boundary line defined by a licensed surveyor.
(2) The owner to whom notice is given must, within 30 days after the
service of the notice:
(a) if satisfied of the position of the common boundary line, define
it by pegs; or
(b) employ a licensed surveyor to define the common boundary
line;
Fences Act 1972 7
and in either case must notify the adjoining owner in writing of what
he or she has done.
(3) If within 2 months from the service of the notice provided for in
subsection (1) the owner to whom the notice was given has failed to
have the common boundary line defined by a licensed surveyor,
then the owner who gave such notice may have the common
boundary line defined by a licensed surveyor.
(4) If the common boundary line when defined by a licensed surveyor
is ascertained to be in substantially the same position as defined by
pegs placed there by the owner receiving the notice given under
subsection (1), that owner is entitled to recover the costs incurred
by him or her in placing the pegs from the owner giving such notice,
but where a licensed surveyor has been employed by either such
owner all reasonable expenses actually incurred and not
reimbursed by the Territory must be borne in equal shares by the
adjoining owners.
13 Action in default of compliance with agreement or order
Where:
(a) an agreement is made between owners of adjoining lands as
to the repair of a dividing fence or an order to repair a dividing
fence is made by the Tribunal under section 8(3) or 15; and
(b) a person bound by that agreement or order fails, within the
time specified in the agreement or order or, if no time is
specified, within 3 months after the making of the agreement
or order, to observe a liability placed on him or her by that
agreement or to comply with that order;
the owner of the land separated by the dividing fence the subject of
the agreement or order from the land of the person in default may:
(c) repair the whole fence the subject of the agreement or order;
and
(d) recover from the person in default:
(i) the part of the cost of the repair that the owner of the
adjoining land was liable to pay under the agreement or
order or otherwise under this Act; or
(ii) if the whole of the repair was by the agreement or order
required to be carried out by the person in default, the
whole of the cost of the repair.
Fences Act 1972 8
14 Repair of fences
(1) Subject to this Act and to any agreement between the parties
concerned, the owners of land on either side of an existing dividing
fence are liable to contribute equally to the cost of the repair of the
dividing fence between their adjoining lands.
(2) The Tribunal may, where it considers that there are special
circumstances that justify it in so doing, order that the owners of
land on either side of an existing fence must contribute otherwise
than equally to the cost of the repair of the dividing fence.
15 Notice to repair
(1) The owner of land separated from adjoining land by an existing
dividing fence may serve a notice to repair on the owner of the
adjoining land requiring that owner to contribute to the repairing of
the fence.
(2) Such a notice must specify the part of the dividing fence to be
repaired, the nature of the repair proposed but must not specify any
method or materials for the repair of the fence which would make
the repaired fence a fence of a different kind from the fence which
was in existence at the date of the notice.
(3) If no agreement as to the sharing of the cost of the repair of a fence
the subject of a notice under subsection (2) is reached within one
month of the notice the owner serving such notice may repair the
fence and recover half the cost of that repair from the person on
whom a notice complying with this section was served.
(4) If a dividing fence is damaged or destroyed by flood, storm,
lightning or tempest, or by fire or accident where the damage or
destruction by fire or by accident is not attributable in whole or in
part to the intention or negligence of the owner of the land on either
side of the fence or of a servant of such owner the owner of the
land on either side of the fence may immediately repair the fence
without serving a notice to repair on the owner of the adjoining land
and following the repair is entitled to recover half the cost of the
repair from the owner of the adjoining land.
(5) Where a dividing fence has been damaged or destroyed by an act
done or commenced or an event, other than an event described in
subsection (4), happening on land on one side of that dividing
fence, the owner of the land on which the act was done or
commenced or on which the event happened is liable to repair the
damage so caused or to reinstate the fence so destroyed and if that
owner does not do so within one month of the doing of the act or
the occurrence of the event, the owner of the adjoining land may
Fences Act 1972 9
repair the damage or reinstate the fence and recover the
reasonable cost of doing so from the first-mentioned owner.
(6) A person on whom a notice to repair has been served may, within
one month after the date of the service of that notice, apply to the
Tribunal for an order determining any of the following:
(a) that the fence is not in need of repair;
(b) what repair to the fence is reasonable in the circumstances;
(c) in the appropriate case, that the existing fence should be
demolished and a new fence constructed and in that case the
kind of new fence to be constructed;
(d) the proportion of the cost of the repair or of the erection of a
new fence which should be borne by each owner of the
adjoining lands;
(e) whether both or which of the owners of the adjoining lands
should effect the repairs.
(7) The Tribunal has jurisdiction to make any order sought upon an
application under subsection (6) and any other orders as to fencing
on the line of the existing fence as to it may seem just.
16 Fences bounding roads
If the owner of land bounded by a road constructs a sufficient fence
on the boundary of his or her land which is contiguous with the road
and another owner subsequently adopts any means by which his or
her land is enclosed by that fence or makes use of that fence in any
way, that other person is liable to pay to the owner who constructed
the fence one half of the value of that fence at the date on which
that other person first had or took some step to have any use or
benefit from the existence of that fence.
20 Apportionment as between owner and lessee
Where a fence is constructed or repaired and the fence divides any
land held by a person as a lessee from any adjoining lands, the
contribution payable in respect of the fence as between the lessee
and the owner of the leased land is payable, subject to this Act and
to any agreement between the lessee and the owner, according to
the unexpired term of the lease at the time of the construction or
repair of the fence, as follows:
(a) where the term had less than 5 years to run the contribution is
payable by the owner;
Fences Act 1972 10
(b) where the term had not less than 5 but less than 10 years to
run the lessee must pay one quarter and the owner must pay
three quarters of the contribution;
(c) where the term had not less than 10 but less than 15 years to
run the owner and the lessee must each pay half of the
contribution;
(d) where the term had not less than 15 years to run the lessee
must pay the whole of the contribution.
21 Liability where option to purchase exists
Where any land in respect of which a contribution has been paid by
the owner in respect of the construction or repair of a dividing fence
is at the time of the payment subject to an option to purchase, the
purchaser if the purchase is completed, must pay to the owner the
amount of the contribution so paid.
22 Entry onto other land
A person engaged in the construction or repair of a dividing fence
and the person's employees and agents may at all reasonable
times enter upon the land adjoining the fence for the purpose of
carrying out the construction or repair of the fence and, where that
land is Aboriginal land as defined in section 3 of the Aboriginal Land
Act 1978, may do so even if he or she or any of them does not hold
a permit under that Act to enter or remain on that land.
23 Form of service of notices
(1) A notice under this Act may be served personally or by post.
(2) Service of a notice may be proved by affidavit.
(3) The description in a notice under this Act of any land, fence, line or
boundary need not particularly define the land, fence, line or
boundary if:
(a) it reasonably identifies the land, fence, line or boundary; or
(b) it is proved that the person served knew that land, fence, line
or boundary.
(4) A person serving a notice under this Act is excused from serving
more than one of a number of joint owners of land if the person
proves that, after making reasonable enquiry the name or
whereabouts of the other owner or owners was unknown to the
person.
Fences Act 1972 11
23A Dividing fences between Aboriginal community living areas
and lease from which excised
(1) In this section:
pastoral lease, see section 3(1) of the Pastoral Land Act 1992.
(2) The lessee of a pastoral lease or a Crown lease of another kind
from which has been excised an area of land under Part IV of the
Crown Lands Act 1992 (as in force before the commencement of
the Pastoral Land Act 1992) or Part 8 of the Pastoral Land Act 1992
for an Aboriginal community living area is not liable to join in or
contribute to the construction or, subject to subsection (3) and
sections 14(2) and 15(2) and (5), the repair of a dividing fence
between the lease and the excised land but otherwise has the
same rights and duties under this Act as an owner of the lease, and
this Act must be read, where the context so requires, as if a
reference to contribution were a reference to provision or repair of
the dividing fence or the full cost involved.
(3) Where a boundary of an excised area of land mentioned in
subsection (2) was, immediately before that excision, a boundary of
the lease from which it was excised, the lessee of the lease is liable
under this Act to contribute equally to the cost of the repair of so
much of the dividing fence between the excised land and the lease
as is equal to the length of the boundary of the excised land that,
immediately before the excision, formed the boundary of the lease.
24 Regulations
The Administrator may make regulations, not inconsistent with this
Act, prescribing all matters which are required or permitted to be
prescribed by this Act or which are necessary or convenient to be
prescribed for carrying out or giving effect to this Act.
25 Transitional matters for Northern Territory Civil and
Administrative Tribunal (Conferral of Jurisdiction
Amendments) Act 2014
(1) This section applies if, before the commencement of this section,
the court had not decided an application made to it under this Act.
(2) The application is to be determined by the court under this Act as in
force immediately before the commencement of this section.
ENDNOTES
Fences Act 1972 12
ENDNOTES
1 KEY
Key to abbreviations
amd = amended od = order
app = appendix om = omitted
bl = by-law pt = Part
ch = Chapter r = regulation/rule
cl = clause rem = remainder
div = Division renum = renumbered
exp = expires/expired rep = repealed
f = forms s = section
Gaz = Gazette sch = Schedule
hdg = heading sdiv = Subdivision
ins = inserted SL = Subordinate Legislation
lt = long title sub = substituted
nc = not commenced
2 LIST OF LEGISLATION
Fences Ordinance 1972 (Act No. 34, 1972)
Assent date 31 July 1972
Commenced 31 July 1972
Ordinances Revision Ordinance 1973 (Act No. 87, 1973)
Assent date 11 December 1973
Commenced 11 December 1973 (s 12(2))
Amending Legislation
Ordinances Revision Ordinance 1974 (Act No. 34, 1974)
Assent date 26 August 1974
Commenced 11 December 1973 (s 3(2))
Ordinances Revision Ordinance (No. 2) 1974 (Act No. 69, 1974)
Assent date 24 October 1974
Commenced 11 December 1973 (s 3)
Ordinances Revision Ordinance 1976 (Act No. 27, 1976)
Assent date 28 June 1976
Commenced ss 1, 2 and 6: 28 June 1976 (s 6(2));
ss 3 and 4: 11 December 1973; s 5: 24 October 1974
Fences Ordinance 1974 (Act No. 25, 1974)
Assent date 19 August 1974
Commenced 19 August 1974
Statute Law Revision Act 1978 (Act No. 95, 1978)
Assent date 5 September 1978
Commenced 5 September 1978
ENDNOTES
Fences Act 1972 13
Statute Law Revision Act (No. 2) 1978 (Act No. 19, 1979)
Assent date 2 February 1979
Commenced 2 February 1979
Statute Law Revision Act 1983 (Act No. 58, 1983)
Assent date 28 November 1983
Commenced 28 November 1983
Fences Amendment Act 1988 (Act No. 26, 1988)
Assent date 1 September 1988
Commenced 1 September 1988
Local Court (Consequential Amendments) Act 1989 (Act No. 14, 1989)
Assent date 5 June 1989
Commenced s 6: 5 June 1989; rem: 1 January 1991 (s 2, s 2 Small Claims
Amendment Act 1988 (Act No. 43, 1988), Gaz G17,
3 May 1989, p 2, s 2 Local Court Act 1989 (Act No. 31, 1989)
and Gaz G49, 12 December 1990, p 2)
Miscellaneous Acts Amendment (Aboriginal Community Living Areas) Act 1989 (Act
No. 78, 1989)
Assent date 22 December 1989
Commenced 1 March 1990 (Gaz S12, 28 February 1990)
Pastoral Land (Consequential Amendments) Act 1992 (Act No. 39, 1992)
Assent date 25 June 1992
Commenced 26 June 1992 (s 2, s 2 Pastoral Land Act 1992 (Act No. 17,
1992) and Gaz S33, 26 June 1992)
Water (Consequential Amendments) Act 1992 (Act No. 27, 1992)
Assent date 5 June 1992
Commenced 1 July 1992 (s 2, s 2 Water Act 1992 (Act No. 19, 1992) and
Gaz S35, 30 June 1992)
Fences Amendment Act 1993 (Act No. 66, 1993)
Assent date 9 November 1993
Commenced 1 December 1993 (s 2, s 2 Pastoral Land Amendment Act
(No. 2) 1993 (Act No. 68, 1993) and Gaz S95,
1 December 1993)
Statute Law Revision Act 2005 (Act No. 44, 2005)
Assent date 14 December 2005
Commenced 14 December 2005
Livestock Act 2008 (Act No. 36, 2008)
Assent date 8 December 2008
Commenced 1 September 2009 (Gaz G34, 26 August 2009, p 3)
Statute Law Revision Act 2011 (Act No. 30, 2011)
Assent date 31 August 2011
Commenced 21 September 2011 (Gaz G38, 21 September 2011, p 5)
ENDNOTES
Fences Act 1972 14
Northern Territory Civil and Administrative Tribunal (Conferral of Jurisdiction
Amendments) Act 2014 (Act No. 34, 2014)
Assent date 13 November 2014
Commenced 1 January 2015 (Gaz G51, 24 December 2014, p 7)
Justice Legislation Amendment Act 2015 (Act No. 14, 2015)
Assent date 22 May 2015
Commenced pts 4, 6, 7 and 9: 1 June 2015; rem: 1 July 2015 (Gaz S53,
29 May 2015, p 1)
3 GENERAL AMENDMENTS
General amendments of a formal nature (which are not referred to in the table
of amendments to this reprint) are made by the Ordinances Revision
Ordinance 1973 (Act No. 87, 1973) (as amended) to the following provisions:
ss 5, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 18 and 20.
4 GENERAL AMENDMENTS
General amendments of a formal nature (which are not referred to in the table
of amendments to this reprint) are made by the Interpretation Legislation
Amendment Act 2018 (Act No. 22, 2018) to: ss 1, 2, 4, 22, and 23A.
5 LIST OF AMENDMENTS
lt amd No. 58, 1983, s 3
ss 1 – 3 amd No. 58, 1983, s 3
s 4 amd No. 25, 1974, s 3
sub No. 58, 1983, s 3
amd No. 27, 1992, s 3; No. 36, 2008, s 150
s 5 amd No. 19, 1979, s 11; No. 58, 1983, s 3, No. 14, 1989, s 7; No. 30, 2011,
s 3; No. 34, 2014, s 9; No. 14, 2015, s 45
s 6 amd No. 58, 1983, s 3; No. 14, 1989, s 7; No. 30, 2011, s 3; No. 34, 2014,
s 13
s 7 amd No. 30, 2011, s 3
s 8 amd No. 25, 1974, s 4; No. 14, 1989, s 7; No. 30, 2011, s 3; No. 34, 2014,
s 13; No. 14, 2015, s 46
ss 9 – 10 amd No. 14, 1989, s 7; No. 30, 2011, s 3; No. 34, 2014, s 13
ss 11 – 12 amd No. 19, 1979, s 11; No. 30, 2011, s 3
s 13 sub No. 25, 1974, s 5
amd No. 58, 1983, s 3; No. 14, 1989, s 7; No. 30, 2011, s 3; No. 34, 2014,
s 13
s 14 amd No. 58, 1983, s 3; No. 14, 1989, s 7; No. 30, 2011, s 3; No. 34, 2014,
s 13
s 15 amd No. 14, 1989, s 7; No. 30, 2011, s 3; No. 34, 2014, s 13; No. 14, 2015,
s 47
s 16 amd No. 30, 2011, s 3
s 17 amd No. 58, 1983, s 3; No. 14, 1989, s 7; No. 44, 2005, s 35
rep No. 34, 2014, s 10
s 18 amd No. 58, 1983, s 3; No. 14, 1989, s 7
rep No. 34, 2014, s 10
s 19 amd No. 58, 1983, s 3; No. 14, 1989, s 7; No. 30, 2011, s 3
rep No. 34, 2014, s 11
s 20 amd No. 25, 1974, s 6; No. 58, 1983, s 3; No. 30, 2011, s 3
s 21 amd No. 30, 2011, s 3
s 22 amd No. 26, 1988, s 2; No. 30, 2011, s 3
ENDNOTES
Fences Act 1972 15
s 23 amd No. 58, 1983, s 3; No. 30, 2011, s 3
s 23A ins No. 78, 1989, s 13
amd No. 39, 1992, s 3; No. 66, 1993, s 3; No. 30, 2011, s 3
s 24 amd No. 95, 1978, s 14; No. 19, 1979, s 11; No. 58, 1983, s 3
s 25 ins No. 34, 2014, s 12