8Meaning of family violence

8 Meaning of family violence (1) In this Act: family violence means— (a) any of the following behaviour by a person in relation to a family member of the person: (i) physical violence or abuse; (ii) sexual violence or abuse; (iii) emotional or psychological abuse; (iv) economic abuse; (v) threatening behaviour; (vi) coercion or any other behaviour that— (A) controls or dominates the family member; and (B) causes the family member to feel fear for the safety or wellbeing of the family member or another person; or (b) behaviour that causes a child to hear, witness or otherwise be exposed to behaviour mentioned in paragraph (a), or the effects of the behaviour. Examples—par (b) 1 overhearing threats being made in another room of the house 2 seeing an assault or seeing injuries on a family member who has been assaulted 3 seeing people comfort a family member who has been abused

(2) Without limiting subsection (1), family violence by a person in relation to a family member of the person includes the following: (a) sexually coercive behaviour; (b) damaging property; (c) harming an animal; (d) stalking; (e) deprivation of liberty; (f) harmful use of, or interference with, technology. Examples—par (f) 1 use of an electronic device to publish intimate images of a family member without the member’s consent 2 causing a computer system to deny access to a family member who is an authorised user of the system 3 using an electronic messaging system to send abusive or threatening messages or images to a family member 4 using software to track a family member’s whereabouts or computer use 5 creating a false social media account to disseminate adverse information about a family member 6 using social media to publish intimate images of a person without the person’s consent economic abuse, of a family member, means behaviour by a person that is coercive, deceptive or that unreasonably controls the family member without the family member’s consent including by the person’s exploitation of power imbalances between the person and the family member— (a) in a way that takes away the financial independence or control the family member would have but for the behaviour; or

(b) if the family member is wholly or predominantly dependent on the person for financial support to meet the living expenses of the family member or the family member’s child—by withholding the financial support. 1 stopping the family member from having access to money to meet normal living expenses 2 requiring the family member to transfer or hand over control of assets or income 3 stopping the family member from trying to get employment 4 forcing the family member to sign a legal document such as a power of attorney, loan, guarantee 5 forcing the family member to claim social security payments emotional or psychological abuse, of a family member, means behaviour by a person that torments, intimidates, harasses or is offensive to the family member including by the person’s exploitation of power imbalances between the person and the family member. 1 stopping the family member from visiting or having contact with family or friends 2 stopping the family member from engaging in cultural or spiritual practices 3 repeated derogatory or racist comments 4 threatening to disclose personal information about the family member 5 threatening to withhold medication, personal health care items or other things necessary to the family member’s health or quality of life 6 threatening to self-harm as a way of intimidating the family member