194KPublication of certain identifying particulars prohibited

### 194K Publication of certain identifying particulars prohibited > [*\[Section 194K Subsection (1) amended by No. 40 of 2002, s. 4, Applied:27 Nov 2002\]*](/view/html/inforce/2002-11-27/act-2002-040#GS4@Hpb@EN) [*\[Section 194K Subsection (1) amended by No. 40 of 2002, s. 4, Applied:27 Nov 2002\]*](/view/html/inforce/2002-11-27/act-2002-040#GS4@Hpa@EN) [*\[Section 194K Subsection (1) amended by No. 40 of 2002, s. 4, Applied:27 Nov 2002\]*](/view/html/inforce/2002-11-27/act-2002-040#GS4@Hpc@EN) [*\[Section 194K Subsection (1) amended by No. 69 of 2003, Sched. 1, Applied:15 Dec 2003\]*](/view/html/inforce/2003-12-15/act-2003-069#JS1@Ja5@GC4@EN) [*\[Section 194K Subsection (1) amended by No. 40 of 2002, s. 4, Applied:27 Nov 2002\]*](/view/html/inforce/2002-11-27/act-2002-040#GS4@Hpd@EN) [*\[Section 194K Subsection (1A) inserted by No. 40 of 2002, s. 4, Applied:27 Nov 2002\]*](/view/html/inforce/2002-11-27/act-2002-040#GS4@Hpe@EN) [*\[Section 194K Subsection (2) amended by No. 40 of 2002, s. 4, Applied:27 Nov 2002\]*](/view/html/inforce/2002-11-27/act-2002-040#GS4@Hpf@EN) [*\[Section 194K Subsection (3) amended by No. 40 of 2002, s. 4, Applied:27 Nov 2002\]*](/view/html/inforce/2002-11-27/act-2002-040#GS4@Hpg@EN) [*\[Section 194K Substituted by No. 7 of 2020, s. 4, Applied:06 Apr 2020\]*](/view/html/inforce/2020-04-06/act-2020-007#GS4@EN) > > > (1)  A person, in relation to any proceedings in any court, must not publish identifying information, or cause identifying information to be published, in respect of – > > > > > > (a) if a crime is alleged to have been committed under [section 133 of the](/view/html/inforce/2026-04-12/act-1924-069#JS1@GS133@EN) [Criminal Code](/view/html/inforce/2026-04-12/act-1924-069)  – > > > > > > > > > > (i) any person in respect of whom the crime is alleged to have been committed; or > > > > > > > > > > > (ii) any defendant in respect of those proceedings; or > > > > > > > > > > > (iii) any witness or intended witness in those proceedings; or > > > > > > > (b) [*\[Section 194K Subsection (1) amended by No. 2 of 2023, s. 25, Applied:20 Apr 2023\]*](/view/html/inforce/2023-04-20/act-2023-002#GS25@EN) [*\[Section 194K Subsection (1) amended by No. 17 of 2024, s. 24, Applied:01 Nov 2024\]*](/view/html/inforce/2024-11-01/act-2024-017#GS24@EN) if a crime is alleged to have been committed under [section 124](/view/html/inforce/2026-04-12/act-1924-069#JS1@GS124@EN) , [124A](/view/html/inforce/2026-04-12/act-1924-069#JS1@GS124A@EN) , [124B](/view/html/inforce/2026-04-12/act-1924-069#JS1@GS124B@EN) , [124C](/view/html/inforce/2026-04-12/act-1924-069#JS1@GS124C@EN) , [125](/view/html/inforce/2026-04-12/act-1924-069#JS1@GS125@EN) , [125A](/view/html/inforce/2026-04-12/act-1924-069#JS1@GS125A@EN) , [125B](/view/html/inforce/2026-04-12/act-1924-069#JS1@GS125B@EN) , [126](/view/html/inforce/2026-04-12/act-1924-069#JS1@GS126@EN) , [127](/view/html/inforce/2026-04-12/act-1924-069#JS1@GS127@EN) , [129](/view/html/inforce/2026-04-12/act-1924-069#JS1@GS129@EN) , [185](/view/html/inforce/2026-04-12/act-1924-069#JS1@GS185@EN) or [186](/view/html/inforce/2026-04-12/act-1924-069#JS1@GS186@EN) of the *Criminal Code* – > > > > > > > > > > (i) any person in respect of whom the crime is alleged to have been committed; or > > > > > > > > > > > (ii) any witness or intended witness, other than the defendant, in those proceedings; or > > > > > > > (ba) [*\[Section 194K Subsection (1) amended by No. 21 of 2022, s. 24, Applied:22 Dec 2022\]*](/view/html/inforce/2022-12-22/act-2022-021#GS24@EN) if a crime is alleged to have been committed under [section 170A](/view/html/inforce/2026-04-12/act-1924-069#JS1@GS170A@EN) of the *Criminal Code* and the accused person is alleged, in the commission of that crime, to have committed a sexual offence in relation to his or her spouse or partner – > > > > > > > > > > (i) any person in respect of whom the crime is alleged to have been committed; or > > > > > > > > > > > (ii) any witness or intended witness, other than the defendant, in those proceedings; or > > > > > > > (c) if an offence is alleged to have been committed under [section 35(3)](/view/html/inforce/2026-04-12/act-1935-044#GS35@Gs3@EN) of the [Police Offences Act 1935](/view/html/inforce/2026-04-12/act-1935-044)  – > > > > > > > > > > (i) any person in respect of whom the offence is alleged to have been committed; or > > > > > > > > > > > (ii) any witness or intended witness, other than the defendant, in those proceedings. > > > > Penalty:  In the case of – > > > > > > (a) a body corporate, a fine not exceeding 400 penalty units; or > > > > > > > (b) an individual, a fine not exceeding 60 penalty units or imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months, or both. > > > (2)  [Subsection (1)](#GS194K@Gs1@EN) applies to the publication of identifying information in respect of a person referred to in that subsection, whether or not criminal proceedings in respect of the relevant crime or offence are, or have been, finally determined or otherwise disposed of. > > > (3)  It is a defence in proceedings for an offence against [subsection (1)](#GS194K@Gs1@EN) if the defendant establishes – > > > > > > (a) that the publication of the information is in accordance with a court order made for the purposes of this section; or > > > > > > > (b) that – > > > > > > > > > > (i) the identifying information that is published relates to a person referred to in [subsection (1)(a)(i)](#GS194K@Gs1@Hpa@Hqi@EN) , [(b)(i)](#GS194K@Gs1@Hpb@Hqi@EN) or [(c)(i)](#GS194K@Gs1@Hpc@Hqi@EN) ; and > > > > > > > > > > > (ii) the person has consented, in accordance with [subsection (4)](#GS194K@Gs4@EN) , to the publication of identifying information in respect of the person; and > > > > > > > > > > > (iii) the identifying information is published in accordance with that consent; and > > > > > > > > > > > (iv) the publication of the information does not identify, or is not likely to lead to the identification of, another person referred to in [subsection (1)(a)](#GS194K@Gs1@Hpa@EN) , [(b)](#GS194K@Gs1@Hpb@EN) or [(c)](#GS194K@Gs1@Hpc@EN) , other than the defendant to the relevant crime or offence, unless the other person – > > > > > > > > > > > > > > (A) is also a person referred to in [subsection (1)(a)(i)](#GS194K@Gs1@Hpa@Hqi@EN) , [(b)(i)](#GS194K@Gs1@Hpb@Hqi@EN) or [(c)(i)](#GS194K@Gs1@Hpc@Hqi@EN) in respect of the relevant crime or offence; and > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > (B) has also consented, in accordance with [subsection (4)](#GS194K@Gs4@EN) , to the publication of the identifying information; and > > > > > > > > > > > (v) the information was published only after the criminal proceedings in court, in respect of the relevant alleged crime or offence, were finally determined or otherwise disposed of. > > > (4)  For the purposes of [subsection (3)(b)](#GS194K@Gs3@Hpb@EN) , a person has consented to the publication of identifying information in respect of the person if the person – > > > > > > (a) had attained the age of 18 years at the time – > > > > > > > > > > (i) the person gave the consent; and > > > > > > > > > > > (ii) the identifying information was so published; and > > > > > > > (b) had consented, in writing, to the publication of the identifying information before the information was published; and > > > > > > > (c) understood, at the time the consent was given, that he or she may be identified, or identifiable, as a result of the publication of the identifying information; and > > > > > > > (d) was not coerced into consenting, in accordance with this subsection, to the publication of the identifying information. > > > (5)  A court may make an order, for the purposes of this section, providing for the publication of identifying information in respect of a person referred to in [subsection (1)](#GS194K@Gs1@EN) , if the court is satisfied that – > > > > > > (a) each living person referred to in [subsection (1)(a)(i)](#GS194K@Gs1@Hpa@Hqi@EN) , [(b)(i)](#GS194K@Gs1@Hpa@Hqi@EN) or [(c)(i)](#GS194K@Gs1@Hpc@Hqi@EN) , who is likely to be identified, or identifiable, as a result of information being published in accordance with the order – > > > > > > > > > > (i) has been consulted in respect of the order; and > > > > > > > > > > > (ii) understands that he or she may be identified if the order is made and information is published in accordance with the order; and > > > > > > > (b) if a person referred to in [subsection (1)(a)(i)](#GS194K@Gs1@Hpa@Hqi@EN) , [(b)(i)](#GS194K@Gs1@Hpa@Hqi@EN) or [(c)(i)](#GS194K@Gs1@Hpc@Hqi@EN) is deceased and is likely to be identified, or identifiable, as a result of information being published in accordance with the order, the next of kin, or legal representative, of the deceased person – > > > > > > > > > > (i) has been consulted in respect of the order; and > > > > > > > > > > > (ii) has been given a reasonable opportunity to inform the court of the wishes of the deceased person, if known, in respect of being identified, or identifiable, if the order is made and information is published in accordance with the order; and > > > > > > > (c) it is in the public interest to do so. > > > (6)  A court may make an order, for the purposes of this section, subject to any specified conditions, including the means by which identifying information may be published under the order. > > > (7)  If a person referred to in [subsection (1)(a)(i)](#GS194K@Gs1@Hpa@Hqi@EN) , [(b)(i)](#GS194K@Gs1@Hpa@Hqi@EN) or [(c)(i)](#GS194K@Gs1@Hpc@Hqi@EN) in respect of a crime, or offence, applies for a court order for the purposes of this section in respect of the crime or offence, the person is not required to pay the relevant application fee in respect of the application. > > > (8)  A person who publishes, or causes to be published, any identifying information in contravention of this section – > > > > > > (a) commits a contempt of court; and > > > > > > > (b) if not prosecuted for the contravention under [subsection (1)](#GS194K@Gs1@EN) in respect of the publication, is liable to punishment for that contempt as if it had been committed in the face of the court against which the contempt is committed. > > > (9)  In this section – > > > > > ***identifying information***, in relation to a person, includes – > > > > > > > > (a) the name, address, school, place of employment and any other reference or allusion that identifies, or is likely to lead to the identification of, the person; and > > > > > > > > > (b) a picture or image of the person; > > > > > ***publish*** means to make available to the public, or a section of the public, by any means, including but not limited to – > > > > > > > > (a) publication in a newspaper, journal, periodical, book or other document; and > > > > > > > > > (b) broadcast by radio, television, wireless or other telegraphy; and > > > > > > > > > (c) publication or broadcast, by means of the internet, in any format; and > > > > > > > > > (d) in print, or electronic, communication meant for one or more persons; and > > > > > > > > > (e) public exhibition, spectacle or event; and > > > > > > > > > (f) such other prescribed means of making information available to the public. > > > > > > > > > > | Note: This section does not appear in the Evidence Act 1995 of the Commonwealth. |