4Definitions

4 Definitions (1) In this Act— ***accommodation*** includes— (a) business premises; (b) a house or flat; (c) a hotel or motel; (d) a boarding house or hostel; (e) a caravan or caravan site; (f) a mobile home or mobile home site; (g) a camping site; S. 4(1) def. of *appointed member* repealed by No. 26/2011 s. 5(c). S. 4(1) def. of *assistance dog* amended by No. 26/2011 s. 34(Sch. item 1.2(a)). ***assistance dog*** means a dog that is trained to perform tasks or functions that assist a person with a disability to alleviate the effects of his or her disability; ***attribute*** means an attribute in section 6; ***Board*** means the Board of the Commission established under section 161; ***breastfeeding*** includes the act of expressing milk; ***carer*** means a person on whom another person is wholly or substantially dependent for ongoing care and attention, other than a person who provides that care and attention wholly or substantially on a commercial basis; ***child*** means a person under the age of 18 years; ***club*** means an association of more than 30 persons associated together for social, literary, cultural, political, sporting, athletic or other lawful purposes that— (a) has a licence (other than a temporary limited licence or a major event licence) to supply liquor under the **Liquor Control Reform Act 1998**; and (b) operates its facilities wholly or partly from its own funds; ***Commission*** means the Victorian Equal Opportunity and Human Rights Commission continued in existence by section 154; S. 4(1) def. of *Commis-sioner* amended by No. 26/2011 s. 5(b). ***Commissioner*** means the Commissioner appointed under section 170; ***contract worker*** means a person who does work for a principal under a contract between the person's employer and the principal; ***detriment*** includes humiliation and denigration; S. 4(1) def. of *disability* inserted by No. 26/2011 s. 5(a), amended by No. 11/2025 s. 32. ***disability*** means— (a) total or partial loss of a bodily function; or (b) the presence in the body of organisms that may cause disease; or (c) total or partial loss of a part of the body; or (d) malfunction of a part of the body, including— (i) a mental or psychological disease or disorder; (ii) a condition or disorder that results in a person learning more slowly than people who do not have that condition or disorder; or (e) malformation or disfigurement of a part of the body— and includes a disability that may exist in the future (including because of a genetic predisposition to that disability) and, to avoid doubt, behaviour that is a symptom or manifestation of a disability; Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). ***discrimination*** has the meaning given in Part 2; ***dispute*** means a dispute about compliance with this Act; S. 4(1) def. of *dispute resolution* amended by No. 26/2011 s. 34(Sch. item 1.2(b)). ***dispute resolution*** means dispute resolution conducted by the Commission under Division 1 of Part 8; ***domestic partner*** of a person means— (a) a person who is in a registered domestic relationship with the person; or (b) a person to whom the person is not married but with whom the person is living as a couple on a genuine domestic basis (irrespective of gender); ***educational authority*** means the person or body administering an educational institution; ***educational institution*** means a school, college, university or other institution at which education or training is provided; ***employee*** includes— (a) a person employed under a contract of service, whether or not under a federal agreement or award; (b) a person employed under the **Public Administration Act 2004** or appointed to a statutory office; (c) a person engaged under a contract for services; (d) a person who is engaged to perform any work the remuneration for which is based wholly or partly on commission— and in Part 6 includes, but does not otherwise in this Act include, an unpaid worker or volunteer; ***employer*** includes— (a) a person who employs another person under a contract of service, whether or not under a federal agreement or award; (b) a person who engages another person under a contract for services; (c) a person who engages another person to perform any work the remuneration for which is based wholly or partly on commission— and in Part 6 includes, but does not otherwise in this Act include, a person who employs another person on an unpaid or voluntary basis; ***employment*** includes— (a) employment under a contract of service, whether or not under a federal agreement or award; (b) employment under the **Public Administration Act 2004** or under a statutory appointment; (c) engagement under a contract for services; (d) work that is remunerated wholly or partly on commission— and in Part 6 includes, but does not otherwise in this Act include, work on a voluntary or unpaid basis; S. 4(1) def. of *employment activity* substituted by No. 14/2021 s. 25(a). ***employment activity*** means— (a) an employee, in the employee's individual capacity— (i) making a reasonable request to the employee's employer, orally or in writing, for information regarding the employee's employment entitlements; or (ii) communicating to the employee's employer, orally or in writing, the employee's concern that the employee has not been, is not being or will not be given some or all of the employee's employment entitlements; or (b) a contract worker, in the contract worker's individual capacity— (i) making a reasonable request to the contract worker's principal, orally or in writing, for information regarding the contract worker's employment entitlements; or (ii) communicating to the contract worker's principal, orally or in writing, the contract worker's concern that the contract worker has not been, is not being or will not be given some or all of the contract worker's employment entitlements; ***employment agent*** means a person who carries on a business of providing services for the purpose of finding employment for people seeking to be employed or procuring employees for people seeking to employ them, or both; S. 4(1) def. of *employment entitlements* amended by No. 14/2021 s. 25(b). ***employment entitlements***, in relation to an employee or a contract worker, means the rights and entitlements of the employee or contract worker under an applicable— (a) contract of service; or (b) federal agreement or award; or (c) minimum wage order under the Fair Work Act 2009 of the Commonwealth; or (d) contract for services; or (e) Act or enactment; or (f) law of the Commonwealth; ***enactment*** means a rule, regulation, by-law, local law, order, Order in Council, proclamation or other instrument of a legislative character; S. 4(1) def. of *expunged homosexual conviction* inserted by No. 81/2014 s. 6. ***expunged homosexual conviction*** means an ***expunged conviction*** within the meaning of Part 8 of the **Sentencing Act 1991**; S. 4(1) def. of *Fair Work Australia* repealed by No. 13/2022 s. 73(1)(a). S. 4(1) def. of *Fair Work Commission* inserted by No. 13/2022 s. 73(1)(b). ***Fair Work Commission*** has the same meaning as in the Fair Work Act 2009 of the Commonwealth; ***firm*** has the same meaning as in the **Partnership Act 1958**; S. 4(1) def. of *gender identity* substituted by No. 3/2021 s. 59(1). ***gender identity*** means a person's gender-related identity, which may or may not correspond with their designated sex at birth, and includes the personal sense of the body (whether this involves medical intervention or not) and other expressions of gender, including dress, speech, mannerisms, names and personal references; ***home***, in relation to a person, means a private residence of that person; S. 4(1) def. of *impairment* repealed by No. 26/2011 s. 5(c). ***industrial activity*** means— (a) being or not being a member of, or joining, not joining or refusing to join, an industrial organisation or industrial association; or (b) establishing or being involved in establishing an industrial organisation or forming or being involved in forming an industrial association; or (c) organising or promoting or proposing to organise or promote a lawful activity on behalf of an industrial organisation or industrial association; or (d) encouraging, assisting, participating in or proposing to encourage, assist or participate in a lawful activity organised or promoted by an industrial organisation or industrial association; or (e) not participating in or refusing to participate in a lawful activity organised or promoted by an industrial organisation or industrial association; or (f) representing or advancing the views, claims or interests of members of an industrial organisation or industrial association; ***industrial association*** means a group of employees or employers, formed formally or informally to represent or advance the views, claims or interests of the employees or employers in a particular industry, trade, profession, business or employment, not including an industrial organisation; ***industrial organisation*** means one of the following organisations that is registered or recognised under a State or Commonwealth Act or enactment— (a) an organisation of employees; (b) an organisation of employers; (c) any other organisation established for the purposes of people who carry on a particular industry, trade, profession, business or employment; ***lawful sexual activity*** means engaging in, not engaging in or refusing to engage in a lawful sexual activity; ***marital status*** means a person's status of being— (a) single; or (b) married; or (c) a domestic partner; or (d) married but living separately and apart from his or her spouse; or (e) divorced; or (f) widowed; ***member of staff***, of the Commission, means a member of the staff referred to in section 174; ***occupational qualification*** means an authorisation or qualification that is needed for, or facilitates— (a) the practice of a profession; or (b) the carrying on of a trade or business; or (c) the engaging in of any other occupation or employment; S. 4(1) def. of *owners corporation* amended by No. 81/2011 s. 22(6)(a). ***owners corporation*** has the meaning given in the **Owners Corporations Act 2006**; ***parent*** includes— (a) step-parent; (b) adoptive parent; (c) foster parent; (d) guardian; ***parental status*** means the status of being a parent or not being a parent; S. 4(1) def. of *party* amended by No. 26/2011 s. 34(Sch. item 1.2(c)). ***party***, in relation to a dispute, means— (a) a person who brings a dispute to the Commission for dispute resolution under section 113; or (b) a representative body who brings a dispute to the Commission for dispute resolution under section 114; or (c) a person on whose behalf a dispute is brought to the Commission for dispute resolution under section 113 or 114; or (d) a person about whom a dispute is brought to the Commission for dispute resolution; ***person*** includes an unincorporated association and, in relation to a natural person, means a person of any age; ***physical features*** means a person's height, weight, size or other bodily characteristics; ***political belief or activity*** means— (a) holding or not holding a lawful political belief or view; (b) engaging in, not engaging in or refusing to engage in a lawful political activity; ***practice guidelines*** means practice guidelines issued under Division 1 of Part 10; ***principal***, in relation to a contract worker, means a person who contracts with another person for work to be done by employees of the other person; ***qualifying body*** means a person or body that is empowered to confer, renew or extend an occupational qualification; ***race*** includes— (a) colour; (b) descent or ancestry; (c) nationality or national origin; (d) ethnicity or ethnic origin; (e) if 2 or more distinct races are collectively referred to as a race— (i) each of those distinct races; (ii) that collective race; ***relative***, in relation to a person, means— (a) a spouse or domestic partner of that person; or (b) a parent or grandparent of that person or of a spouse or domestic partner of that person; or (c) a child or grandchild (whether or not under the age of 18 years) of that person or of a spouse or domestic partner of that person; or (d) a brother or sister of that person or of a spouse or domestic partner of that person; or (e) a child (whether or not under the age of 18 years) of a brother or sister of that person or of a brother or sister of a spouse or domestic partner of that person; or (f) a child (whether or not under the age of 18 years) of a brother or sister of a parent of that person or of a brother or sister of a parent of a spouse or domestic partner of that person; ***religious belief or activity*** means— (a) holding or not holding a lawful religious belief or view; (b) engaging in, not engaging in or refusing to engage in a lawful religious activity; ***services*** includes, without limiting the generality of the word— (a) access to and use of any place that members of the public are permitted to enter; (b) banking services, the provision of loans or finance, financial accommodation, credit guarantees and insurance; (c) provision of entertainment, recreation or refreshment; (d) services connected with transportation or travel; (e) services of any profession, trade or business, including those of an employment agent; (f) services provided by a government department, public authority, State owned enterprise or municipal council— but does not include education or training in an educational institution; S. 4(1) def. of *sex charac-teristics* inserted by No. 3/2021 s. 59(2). ***sex characteristics*** means a person's physical features relating to sex, including— (a) genitalia and other sexual and reproductive parts of the person's anatomy; and (b) the person's chromosomes, genes, hormones, and secondary physical features that emerge as a result of puberty; S. 4(1) def. of *sexual orientation* substituted by No. 3/2021 s. 59(3). ***sexual orientation*** means a person's emotional, affectional and sexual attraction to, or intimate or sexual relations with, persons of a different gender or the same gender or more than one gender; S. 4(1) def. of *spent conviction* inserted by No. 13/2021 s. 27. ***spent conviction*** has the same meaning as in the **Spent Convictions Act 2021**; ***spouse*** of a person means a person to whom the person is married; ***State owned enterprise*** has the same meaning as in the **State Owned Enterprises Act 1992**; ***terms*** includes conditions; ***Tribunal*** means Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal established by the **Victorian Civil and Administrative** **Tribunal Act 1998**; ***work arrangements*** means— (a) in the case of a person offered employment, arrangements— (i) that would apply to the person as an employee; or (ii) applying to the workplace; or (b) in the case of an employee, arrangements applying to the employee or the workplace; or (c) in the case of a contract worker, arrangements applying to the contract worker or the workplace of the principal; or (d) in the case of a person invited to become a partner in a firm, arrangements— (i) that would apply to the person as a partner; or (ii) applying to the firm's workplace; or (e) in the case of a partner of a firm, arrangements applying to the partner or the firm's workplace. (2) For the purposes of the definition of ***domestic partner*** in subsection (1)— (a) ***registered domestic relationship*** has the same meaning as in the **Relationships Act 2008**; and (b) in determining whether persons who are not in a registered domestic relationship are domestic partners of each other, all the circumstances of their relationship are to be taken into account, including any one or more of the matters referred to in section 35(2) of the **Relationships Act 2008** as may be relevant in a particular case. (3) A reference in the definition of ***employee***, ***employer***, ***employment*** or ***employment*** ***entitlements*** in subsection (1) to a federal agreement or award is a reference to— (a) an enterprise agreement made under the Fair Work Act 2009 of the Commonwealth; or (b) an agreement-based transitional instrument within the meaning of the Fair Work (Transitional Provisions and Consequential Amendments) Act 2009 of the Commonwealth; or (c) a modern award within the meaning of the Fair Work Act 2009 of the Commonwealth; or S. 4(3)(d) amended by No. 13/2022 s. 73(2). (d) a determination of the Fair Work Commission made under the Fair Work Act 2009 of the Commonwealth; or (e) an award-based transitional instrument within the meaning of the Fair Work (Transitional Provisions and Consequential Amendments) Act 2009 of the Commonwealth; or (f) a transitional minimum wage instrument within the meaning of the Fair Work (Transitional Provisions and Consequential Amendments) Act 2009 of the Commonwealth.