Part 4Registrable designs: Validity

Start here

Get a plain-English read of Part 4

Turn the raw legal text into a practical explanation grounded in Designs Act 2003.

An Act relating to designs, and for related purposes Chapter 1—Introductory ## Part 1—Preliminary #### 1 Short title This Act may be cited as the Designs Act 2003. #### 2 Commencement (1) Each provision of this Act specified in column 1 of the table commences, or is taken to have commenced, on the day or at the time specified in column 2 of the table. ```html <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse:collapse"><thead><tr><td colspan="3" style="width:344.85pt; border-top:1.5pt solid #000000; padding-right:5.35pt; padding-left:5.35pt; vertical-align:top">Commencement information</td></tr><tr><td style="width:74.35pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; padding-right:5.35pt; padding-left:5.35pt; vertical-align:top">Column 1</td><td style="width:180.7pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; padding-right:5.35pt; padding-left:5.35pt; vertical-align:top">Column 2</td><td style="width:68.4pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; padding-right:5.35pt; padding-left:5.35pt; vertical-align:top">Column 3</td></tr><tr><td style="width:74.35pt; border-bottom:1.5pt solid #000000; padding-right:5.35pt; padding-left:5.35pt; vertical-align:top">Provision(s)</td><td style="width:180.7pt; border-bottom:1.5pt solid #000000; padding-right:5.35pt; padding-left:5.35pt; vertical-align:top">Commencement</td><td style="width:68.4pt; border-bottom:1.5pt solid #000000; padding-right:5.35pt; padding-left:5.35pt; vertical-align:top">Date/Details</td></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="width:74.35pt; border-top:1.5pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; padding-right:5.35pt; padding-left:5.35pt; vertical-align:top">1. Sections 1 and 2 and anything in this Act not elsewhere covered by this table</td><td style="width:180.7pt; border-top:1.5pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; padding-right:5.35pt; padding-left:5.35pt; vertical-align:top">The day on which this Act receives the Royal Assent</td><td style="width:68.4pt; border-top:1.5pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; padding-right:5.35pt; padding-left:5.35pt; vertical-align:top">17 December 2003</td></tr><tr><td style="width:74.35pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:1.5pt solid #000000; padding-right:5.35pt; padding-left:5.35pt; vertical-align:top">2. Sections 3 to 161</td><td style="width:180.7pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:1.5pt solid #000000; padding-right:5.35pt; padding-left:5.35pt; vertical-align:top">A single day to be fixed by Proclamation, subject to subsection (3)</td><td style="width:68.4pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:1.5pt solid #000000; padding-right:5.35pt; padding-left:5.35pt; vertical-align:top">17 June 2004</td></tr></tbody></table> ``` > Note: This table relates only to the provisions of this Act as originally passed by the Parliament and assented to. It will not be expanded to deal with provisions inserted in this Act after assent. (2) Column 3 of the table is for additional information that is not part of this Act. This information may be included in any published version of this Act. (3) If a provision covered by item 2 of the table does not commence within the period of 6 months beginning on the day on which this Act receives the Royal Assent, it commences on the first day after the end of that period. #### 3 Crown to be bound (1) This Act binds the Crown in right of the Commonwealth, of each of the States, of the Australian Capital Territory and of the Northern Territory. (2) Nothing in this Act makes the Crown liable to be prosecuted for an offence. #### 4 Application of the Act This Act extends to: (a) each external Territory; and (b) the continental shelf; and (c) the waters above the continental shelf; and (d) the airspace above Australia, each external Territory and the continental shelf. ## Part 2—Interpretation #### 5 Definitions In this Act, unless the contrary intention appears: > Agency has the same meaning as in the Public Service Act 1999. > artistic work has the same meaning as in the Copyright Act 1968. > Australia includes each external Territory. > authority, in relation to the Commonwealth, a State or a Territory, means a body established for a public purpose by or under a law of the Commonwealth, State or Territory. > certificate of examination means a certificate of examination of a registered design issued under Chapter 5. > Commonwealth includes a Commonwealth authority. > complex product means a product comprising at least 2 replaceable component parts permitting disassembly and re‑assembly of the product. > continental shelf means the continental shelf of Australia as defined in the Seas and Submerged Lands Act 1973. > Convention country has the meaning given by section 5A. > corresponding design, in relation to an artistic work, has the same meaning as in Division 8 of Part III of the Copyright Act 1968. > Deputy Registrar means a Deputy Registrar appointed under section 123. > design, in relation to a product, means the overall appearance of the product resulting from one or more visual features of the product. > Note: See also section 8. > design application means an application filed under section 21. > Designs Office means the Designs Office established by section 125. > employee means a person, other than the Registrar or a Deputy Registrar, who: (a) is a person engaged under the Public Service Act 1999 and is employed in the Designs Office; or (b) is not such a person but performs services, in the Designs Office, for or on behalf of the Commonwealth. > entitled person, in relation to a design, means a person entitled under section 13 to be entered in the Register as the registered owner of the design. > examination, in relation to a design, means examination of the design under section 65. > exclusive licensee has the meaning given by section 5B. > Federal Court means the Federal Court of Australia. > file means file with the Designs Office. > Note: Section 144 deals with filing. > filing date has the meaning given by section 26. > head, in relation to the Designs Office of a Convention country, means the official chief (however described) of that Office. > infringement proceedings means an action or proceedings for the infringement of a registered design. > initial application has the meaning given by section 23. > legal personal representative, in relation to a deceased person, means a person to whom: (a) probate of the will of the deceased person; or (b) letters of administration of the estate of the deceased person; or (c) other like grant; has been granted, whether in Australia or elsewhere. > legal practitioner means a barrister or solicitor of the High Court of Australia or of the Supreme Court of a State or Territory. > Locarno Agreement means the Agreement establishing an International Classification for Industrial Design, signed at Locarno on 8 October 1968. > minimum filing requirements has the meaning given by section 21. > PPSA security interest (short for Personal Property Securities Act security interest) means a security interest within the meaning of the Personal Property Securities Act 2009 and to which that Act applies, other than a transitional security interest within the meaning of that Act. > Note 1: The Personal Property Securities Act 2009 applies to certain security interests in personal property. See the following provisions of that Act: (a) section 8 (interests to which the Act does not apply); (b) section 12 (meaning of security interest); (c) Chapter 9 (transitional provisions). > Note 2: For the meaning of transitional security interest, see section 308 of the Personal Property Securities Act 2009. > preferred means: (a) in relation to filing a document with the Designs Office—means the means specified under subsection 144A(4); or (b) in relation to paying a fee—means the means specified under subsection 130A(4). > prescribed court means the following: (a) the Federal Court of Australia; (aa) the Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia (Division 2); (b) the Supreme Court of a State; (c) the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory; (d) the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory; (e) the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. > prior art base has the meaning given by section 15. > priority date, in relation to a design, means the priority date of the design under section 27. > product has the meaning given by section 6. > Register means the Register of Designs mentioned in section 111. > registered means registered under this Act. > registered design, at a particular time, means a design that is registered at that time. > registered owner has the meaning given by section 14. > registered patent attorney has the same meaning as in the Patents Act 1990. > registered trade marks attorney has the same meaning as in the Trade Marks Act 1995. > registrable design has the meaning given by section 15. > Registrar means the Registrar of Designs holding office under this Act. > relevant authority means: (a) in relation to the use of a design by or for the Commonwealth—the Commonwealth; or (b) in relation to the use of a design by or for a State—that State; or (c) in relation to the use of a design by or for a Territory—that Territory. > relevant Minister has the meaning given by subsection 96(5). > relevant parties, in relation to the examination of a design under Chapter 5, means: (a) the registered owner of the design; and (b) the person who requested the examination; and (c) each person who is entered on the Register as having an interest in the design. > relevant proceedings, in relation to a registered design, means court proceedings: (a) for infringement of the registered design; or (b) for revocation of the registration of the design; or (c) in which the validity of the registration of the design is in dispute. > representation means a drawing, tracing or specimen of a product embodying a design or a photograph of such a drawing, tracing or specimen. > services of a relevant authority has a meaning affected by subsection 95(5). > State includes a State authority. > term of registration has the meaning given by section 46. > Territory includes a Territory authority. > used for Crown purposes has the meaning given by subsection 95(2). > visual feature has the meaning given by section 7. #### 5A Meaning of Convention country (1) In this Act: > Convention country means a foreign country or region of a kind prescribed by the regulations. (2) Despite subsection 14(2) of the Legislation Act 2003, regulations made for the purposes of this section may make provision in relation to a matter by applying, adopting or incorporating, with or without modification, any matter contained in any other instrument or other writing as in force or existing from time to time. #### 5B Definition of exclusive licensee (1) For the purposes of this Act, an exclusive licensee is a licensee under a licence granted by the registered owner of a registered design that confers on the licensee, or on the licensee and persons authorised by the licensee, the exclusive rights in the design mentioned in paragraphs 10(1)(a) to (e) to the exclusion of the registered owner and all other persons. (2) Subsection (1) applies whether or not the licence also confers on the licensee the exclusive right in the design mentioned in paragraph 10(1)(f) to the exclusion of the registered owner and all other persons. #### 6 Definition of product (1) For the purposes of this Act, a thing that is manufactured or hand made is a product (but see subsections (2), (3) and (4)). (2) A component part of a complex product may be a product for the purposes of this Act, if it is made separately from the product. (3) A thing that has one or more indefinite dimensions is only a product for the purposes of this Act if any one or more of the following applies to the thing: (a) a cross‑section taken across any indefinite dimension is fixed or varies according to a regular pattern; (b) all the dimensions remain in proportion; (c) the cross‑sectional shape remains the same throughout, whether or not the dimensions of that shape vary according to a ratio or series of ratios; (d) it has a pattern or ornamentation that repeats itself. (4) A kit which, when assembled, is a particular product is taken to be that product. #### 7 Definition of visual feature (1) In this Act: > visual feature, in relation to a product, includes the shape, configuration, pattern and ornamentation of the product. (2) A visual feature may, but need not, serve a functional purpose. (3) The following are not visual features of a product: (a) the feel of the product; (b) the materials used in the product; (c) in the case of a product that has one or more indefinite dimensions: (i) the indefinite dimension; and (ii) if the product also has a pattern that repeats itself—more than one repeat of the pattern. #### 8 References in this Act to a design In this Act, a reference to a design is a reference to a design in relation to a product. Chapter 2—Design rights, ownership and registrable designs ## Part 1—Simplified outline of Chapter 2 #### 9 Simplified outline The following is a simplified outline of this Chapter: This Chapter sets out matters relating to design rights. Part 2 specifies the exclusive rights of the registered owners of a registered design. Part 3 specifies: (a) who is entitled to be registered as the owner of an unregistered design; and (b) who is the registered owner of a registered design. Part 4 defines the key concepts of registrable design, newness, distinctiveness and substantial similarity. These concepts are important because: (a) in examining a design under Chapter 5, the Registrar must decide whether it is new and distinctive when compared to the prior art base; and (b) in deciding whether a person has infringed a registered design under Chapter 6, a court must consider whether the allegedly infringing design is substantially similar in overall impression to the registered design. ## Part 2—Design rights #### 10 Exclusive rights of registered owners (1) The registered owner of a registered design has the exclusive right, during the term of registration of the design: (a) to make or offer to make a product, in relation to which the design is registered, which embodies the design; and (b) to import such a product into Australia for sale, or for use for the purposes of any trade or business; and (c) to sell, hire or otherwise dispose of, or offer to sell, hire or otherwise dispose of, such a product; and (d) to use such a product in any way for the purposes of any trade or business; and (e) to keep such a product for the purpose of doing any of the things mentioned in paragraph (c) or (d); and (f) to authorise another person to do any of the things mentioned in paragraph (a), (b), (c), (d) or (e). (2) The exclusive rights mentioned in subsection (1) are personal property and are capable of assignment and of devolution by will or by operation of law. (3) This section is subject to this Act. #### 11 Assignment of interest in a design (1) The registered owner of a registered design may assign all or part of the registered owner’s interest in the design by writing. (2) An assignment under subsection (1) must be signed by, or on behalf of, the assignor and the assignee. (3) An assignment under subsection (1) may be for a particular place. > Note: Section 114 deals with amendments to the Register to record the assignment of an interest in a design. #### 12 Power of registered owner to deal with registered design (1) The registered owner of a registered design may, subject to any rights appearing in the Register to be vested in another person, deal with the registered owner’s interest in the design as absolute owner of it, and give good discharges for any consideration for such dealing. (2) However, subsection (1) does not protect a person who deals with the registered owner of a registered design otherwise than as a purchaser in good faith for value and without notice of any fraud on the part of the registered owner. (2A) Despite subsection (1), the recording in the Register of a right that is a PPSA security interest does not affect a dealing with an interest in a registered design. (3) Equities in relation to a registered design may be enforced against the registered owner, except to the prejudice of a purchaser in good faith for value. (4) Subsection (3) does not apply in relation to an equity that is a PPSA security interest. > Note: The Personal Property Securities Act 2009 deals with the rights of purchasers of personal property (including intellectual property such as designs) that is subject to PPSA security interests. That Act also provides for the priority and enforcement of PPSA security interests. See the following provisions of that Act: (a) Part 2.5 (taking personal property free of security interests); (b) Part 2.6 (priority between security interests); (c) Chapter 4 (enforcement of security interests). ## Part 3—Ownership of designs #### 13 Who is entitled to be registered as the registered owner of a design (1) A person mentioned in any of the following paragraphs is entitled to be entered on the Register as the registered owner of a design that has not yet been registered: (a) the person who created the design (the designer); (b) if the designer created the design in the course of employment, or under a contract, with another person—the other person, unless the designer and the other person have agreed to the contrary; (c) a person who derives title to the design from a person mentioned in paragraph (a) or (b), or by devolution by will or by operation of law; (d) a person who would, on registration of the design, be entitled to have the exclusive rights in the design assigned to the person; (e) the legal personal representative of a deceased person mentioned in paragraph (a), (b), (c) or (d). (2) Despite subsection (1), a person is not entitled to be entered on the Register as the registered owner of a design that has not yet been registered if: (a) the person has assigned all of the person’s rights in the design to another person; or (b) the person’s rights in the design have devolved on another person by operation of law. (3) To avoid doubt: (a) more than one person may be entitled to be entered on the Register as the registered owner of a design; and (b) unless the contrary intention appears, a reference to the registered owner of a registered design in this Act is a reference to each of the registered owners of the design. (4) No person other than a person mentioned in paragraph (1)(a), (b), (c), (d) or (e) is entitled to be entered on the Register as the registered owner of a design that has not yet been registered. #### 14 Ownership of registered designs (1) The registered owner of a registered design at a particular time is: (a) the person who, at that time, is entered in the Register as the registered owner of the design; or (b) if, at that time, there are 2 or more such persons—each of them. (2) If there are 2 or more registered owners of a registered design: (a) each of them is entitled to an equal, undivided share in the exclusive rights in that design; and (b) subject to paragraph (c), each registered owner is entitled to exercise the exclusive rights in the design to the registered owner’s own benefit without accounting to the others; and (c) none of them can grant a licence to exercise the exclusive rights in the design, or assign an interest in the design, without the consent of the others. (3) If a product that embodies a registered design is sold by any of 2 or more registered owners of the design, the buyer, and a person claiming through the buyer, may deal with the product as if it had been sold by all the registered owners. (4) Subsection (2) is subject to any contrary agreement between the registered owners of a registered design. ## Part 4—Registrable designs: Validity ### Division 1—Registrable designs #### 15 Registrable designs (1) A design is a registrable design if the design is new and distinctive when compared with the prior art base for the design as it existed before the priority date of the design. (2) The prior art base for a design (the designated design) consists of: (a) designs publicly used in Australia; and (b) designs published in a document within or outside Australia; and (c) designs in relation to which each of the following criteria is satisfied: (i) the design is disclosed in a design application; (ii) the design has an earlier priority date than the designated design; (iii) the first time documents disclosing the design are made available for public inspection under section 60 is on or after the priority date of the designated design. > Note: For document, see section 2B of the Acts Interpretation Act 1901. #### 16 Designs that are identical or substantially similar in overall impression (1) A design is new unless it is identical to a design that forms part of the prior art base for the design. (2) A design is distinctive unless it is substantially similar in overall impression to a design that forms part of the prior art base for the design (see section 19). (3) Subject to paragraph 15(2)(c), the newness or distinctiveness of a design is not affected by the mere publication or public use of the design in Australia on or after the priority date of the design, or by the registration of another design with the same or a later priority date. #### 17 Certain things to be disregarded in deciding whether a design is new and distinctive (1) For the purpose of deciding whether a design (the subject design) is new and distinctive, the person making the decision must disregard any of the following publications or uses that occur in the period of 12 months ending at the end of the day before the priority date in relation to the subject design: (a) a publication or use of a design (which may or may not be the subject design) by a relevant entity; (b) a publication or use of a design (which may or may not be the subject design) by another person or body that derived or obtained the design from a relevant entity. > Note: For relevant entity, see subsection (1D). (1A) Subsection (1) applies in relation to a publication or use that occurs on or after the commencement of Schedule 1 to the Designs Amendment (Advisory Council on Intellectual Property Response) Act 2021 (whether the 12‑month period referred to in that subsection begins before, on or after that commencement). (1B) Paragraph (1)(b) does not apply to the following publications: (a) a publication by the Registrar under this Act; (b) a publication by a person or body in a foreign country if: (i) the person or body has functions similar to the Registrar’s functions; and (ii) the publication is under a law of that foreign country relating to designs; (c) a publication by an agency or organisation that is established under, or in accordance with, an international agreement if: (i) the agency or organisation has functions including publishing designs to the public; and (ii) the publication is in accordance with an international agreement relating to designs or with a law relating to designs. (1C) For the purposes of paragraph (1)(b), if: (a) the registered owner of the subject design establishes that: (i) a relevant entity; or (ii) another entity in accordance with an authorisation from a relevant entity; published or publicly used a design (the first design and which may or may not be the subject design) before a particular publication or use of a design (the other design) by another person or body; and (b) the other design is identical to, or substantially similar in overall impression to, the first design; then it must be presumed that the other person or body derived or obtained the other design from the relevant entity, unless it is established that the other person or body created the other design without reference to, or knowledge of, the first design. (1D) For the purposes of this section, a relevant entity is: (a) the registered owner of the subject design; or (b) any predecessor in title of the registered owner; or (c) the person who created the subject design if that person is not covered by paragraph (a) or (b). (1E) If a use of a design is to be disregarded because of subsection (1), then that use must also be disregarded for the purposes of section 18. (2) For the purpose of deciding whether a design is new and distinctive, the person making the decision must disregard: (a) any information given by, or with the consent of, the registered owner of the design, or the registered owner’s predecessor in title, to any of the following, but to no other person or organisation: (i) the Commonwealth, a State or a Territory; (ii) a person authorised by the Commonwealth, a State or a Territory to investigate the design; and (b) anything done for the purpose of an investigation mentioned in subparagraph (a)(ii). #### 18 Certain designs not to be treated as other than new and distinctive (1) This section applies if: (a) copyright under the Copyright Act 1968 subsists in an artistic work; and (b) an application is made by, or with the consent of, the owner of that copyright for registration of a corresponding design. (2) The design is not to be treated, for the purposes of this Act, as being other than new and distinctive, or as having been published, by reason only of any use previously made of the artistic work, unless: (a) the previous use consisted of, or included, the sale, letting for hire or exposing for sale or hire of products to which the design had been applied industrially, other than products specified in regulations for the purposes of paragraph 43(1)(a); and (b) the previous use was by, or with the consent of, the owner of the copyright in the artistic work. > Note: Certain uses of the design are disregarded: see subsection 17(1E). (3) In this section: > applied industrially has the meaning given by regulations under section 77 of the Copyright Act 1968. ### Division 2—Substantial similarity in overall impression #### 19 Factors to be considered in assessing substantial similarity in overall impression (1) If a person is required by this Act to decide whether a design is substantially similar in overall impression to another design, the person making the decision is to give more weight to similarities between the designs than to differences between them. (2) The person must also: (a) have regard to the state of development of the prior art base for the design; and (b) if the design application in which the design was disclosed included a statement (a statement of newness and distinctiveness) identifying particular visual features of the design as new and distinctive: (i) have particular regard to those features; and (ii) if those features relate to only part of the design—have particular regard to that part of the design, but in the context of the design as a whole; and (c) if only part of the design is substantially similar to another design, have regard to the amount, quality and importance of that part in the context of the design as a whole; and (d) have regard to the freedom of the creator of the design to innovate. (3) If the design application in which the design was disclosed did not include a statement of newness and distinctiveness in respect of particular visual features of the design, the person must have regard to the appearance of the design as a whole. (4) In applying subsections (1), (2) and (3), the person must apply the standard of a person (the familiar person) who is familiar with the product to which the design relates, or products similar to the product to which the design relates (whether or not the familiar person is a user of the product to which the design relates or of products similar to the product to which the design relates). (5) In this section, a reference to a person includes a reference to a court. Chapter 3—Design applications ## Part 1—Simplified outline of Chapter 3 #### 20 Simplified outline The following is a simplified outline of this Chapter: This Chapter sets out the rules relating to design applications. Part 2 provides that a person may file a design application in relation to one or more designs. If the design application meets the minimum filing requirements, the design application is allocated a filing date, and each design disclosed in it obtains a priority date. Under Chapter 4, a person who has filed a design application may, within the prescribed period, request registration of all or any of the designs disclosed in the application. Part 3 deals with amendment and withdrawal of design applications. Part 4 deals with the lapsing of design applications. ## Part 2—Design applications ### Division 1—Applications #### 21 Person may file a design application (1) A person may file an application (a design application) in respect of a design. (2) A design application must comply with: (a) any requirements prescribed by the regulations in relation to representations of designs disclosed in the application; and (b) any other requirements prescribed by the regulations. These are the minimum filing requirements. (3) A design application may be made by more than one person. (4) A design application must specify the entitled person or persons in relation to the designs disclosed in the design application. #### 22 A design application may be in respect of more than one design (1) A single design application may be in respect of: (a) one design in relation to one product; or (b) one design that is a common design in relation to more than one product; or (c) more than one design in relation to one product; or (d) more than one design in relation to more than one product, if each product belongs to the same Locarno Agreement class. (2) If more than one design is disclosed in a design application, the entitled person or persons must be the same in relation to each design. > Note: This means that a separate application must be made in respect of designs with a different entitled person or persons. (3) To avoid doubt, a design that is a common design in relation to more than one product is a design in relation to each product. #### 23 Design applications covering excluded designs (1) If: (a) one or more designs are disclosed in a design application (the initial application); and (b) after the initial application is filed, it is amended under section 28 to exclude one or more of those designs (the excluded designs); and (c) the initial application has not lapsed or been withdrawn; and (d) none of the designs in the initial application has been registered; the applicant may file a design application under section 21 in respect of one or more of the excluded designs. (2) An application in respect of one or more excluded designs must be filed within the period prescribed by the regulations. (3) To avoid doubt, an application in respect of one or more excluded designs must not include a design that has been withdrawn under subsection 32(2) from the initial application or refused registration. ### Division 2—How Registrar must deal with a design application #### 24 Design applications that meet the minimum filing requirements (1) If a design application meets the minimum filing requirements mentioned in subsection 21(2), the Registrar must, by notification to the applicant, state: (a) that the design application meets the minimum filing requirements; and (b) the filing date of the application; and (c) if the design application was not accompanied by a request for registration of each design disclosed in the application—that such a request may be made under section 35 and state the effect of subsections 35(4) and (5). (2) If a purported design application does not meet the minimum filing requirements, the Registrar must notify the applicant to that effect. The notification must: (a) identify each minimum filing requirement that has not been met; and (b) require the applicant to file the additional information required within 2 months, or such other period as is prescribed, from the date of the notification. (3) If the minimum filing requirements are not met within the period under paragraph (2)(b), the application is taken never to have been filed. #### 25 Publication of receipt of application The Registrar must publish, in the manner prescribed by the regulations, the details prescribed by the regulations in relation to each design application that meets the minimum filing requirements. ### Division 3—Filing date and priority date #### 26 Filing date A design application has the filing date determined in accordance with the regulations. #### 27 Priority date (1) The priority date of a design disclosed in a design application that meets the minimum filing requirements is: (a) the filing date of the design application; or (b) if, before the design application was filed, an application for protection in respect of the design had been made in a Convention country in accordance with the regulations—the date prescribed by the regulations; or (c) if the regulations provide for a different date as the priority date—the date prescribed by the regulations. (2) If more than one design is disclosed in a design application, the designs may have different priority dates. ## Part 3—Amendment or withdrawal of design applications #### 28 Amendment of design applications (1) The Registrar may amend a design application if requested to do so by the applicant. (2) A request under subsection (1) must be made in the manner prescribed by the regulations. (3) Despite subsection (1), the Registrar must not amend: (a) any representations included in the design application; or (b) any other documents accompanying the design application; in so far as they define a design disclosed in the design application, in such a way as to alter the scope of the application by the inclusion of matter which was not in substance disclosed in the original design application, representations or other documents. (4) In this section: > amend, in relation to a representation of a design disclosed in a design application, includes the substitution of one representation for another representation. (5) An appeal lies to the Federal Court or the Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia (Division 2) against a decision of the Registrar under this section. #### 29 Disputes between applicants (1) This section applies if a dispute arises between 2 or more persons in relation to whether, or in what manner, a design application should proceed. (2) The Registrar may, on a request made in accordance with the regulations by any of the persons, make any determinations the Registrar thinks fit for either or both of the following purposes: (a) enabling the application to specify which of those persons is an entitled person in relation to a design disclosed in the application; (b) regulating the manner in which the application is to proceed. (3) A person mentioned in subsection (1) or (2) must be: (a) the applicant; or (b) a person who asserts that the person is an entitled person in relation to a design disclosed in the application. #### 30 Persons may ask for design application to proceed in the person’s name (1) A person may ask the Registrar to direct that a design application specify the person as: (a) an applicant; or (b) an entitled person in relation to a design disclosed in the application. (2) The Registrar may give the direction if the person would, if the design were registered, be entitled under an assignment or agreement, or by operation of law, to: (a) the registered design or an interest in it; or (b) an undivided share in the registered design or in such an interest. (3) If the Registrar gives the direction: (a) the person is taken to be an applicant or an entitled person in relation to the design, as the case requires; and (b) the application is taken to be amended accordingly. (4) A request under subsection (1) must be in accordance with the regulations. #### 31 Publication of certain details of amended application The Registrar must publish the details prescribed by the regulations in relation to a design application amended by the Registrar under this Part. #### 32 Withdrawal of designs and design applications (1) A person who has filed a design application may withdraw the application by written notice filed within the period prescribed by the regulations. (2) A person who has filed a design application in respect of more than one design may withdraw one or more of those designs from the application by written notice filed within the period prescribed by the regulations. (3) If the design application was filed by more than one person, the notice is not effective unless each of them consented to the giving of the notice. (4) If a design is withdrawn from a design application, the person or persons who withdrew the design may not subsequently request registration of the design under Part 2 of Chapter 4 unless the person makes another application in respect of the design under section 21. ## Part 4—Lapsing of design applications #### 33 Lapsing of design applications (1) A design application lapses if the Registrar has given the applicant a notification under section 41 in respect of the application, and the applicant has not, within the period prescribed by the regulations: (a) requested that the application be amended; or (b) responded in writing to the notification as mentioned in subparagraph 41(c)(ii); in such a way that the Registrar is satisfied that the application meets the applicable requirements of Chapter 4. (2) If the Registrar has, under section 137, extended a period within which a thing mentioned in subsection (1) is to be done, a reference in subsection (1) to a period is a reference to the extended period. (4) The Registrar must publish a notice stating that a design application has lapsed under subsection (1). The notice must satisfy the requirements prescribed by the regulations. Chapter 4—Registration of designs ## Part 1—Simplified outline of Chapter 4 #### 34 Simplified outline The following is a simplified outline of this Chapter: Part 2 permits an applicant to request registration of all or any of the designs disclosed in a design application. If the applicant does not request registration of a design within a period prescribed by the regulations, the applicant is taken to have made the request. The Registrar must register the designs under Part 3 if specified requirements are satisfied. The Registrar must refuse to register certain designs (see section 43). Registration of a design is for a maximum of 10 years (see Division 3 of Part 3). The registration of a design may be revoked on grounds relating to entitled persons (see Division 4 of Part 3). Registered designs and associated documents are open for public inspection (see Part 5). ## Part 2—Requests for registration #### 35 Request for registration Actual requests for registration (1) An applicant may request registration of one or more designs disclosed in a design application. (2) The request must be: (a) included in the design application; or (b) made within the period prescribed by the regulations. (3) The request must be in accordance with any requirements prescribed by the regulations. Deemed requests for registration (4) If: (a) one design is disclosed in a design application; and (b) at the end of the period applicable under paragraph (2)(b): (i) the applicant has not made a request in relation to the design in accordance with subsections (1) to (3); and (ii) the applicant has not withdrawn the application in accordance with section 32; then the applicant is taken to have requested that the design be registered. (5) If: (a) more than one design is disclosed in a design application; and (b) for a design (the subject design) disclosed in the application, at the end of the period applicable under paragraph (2)(b) in relation to the subject design: (i) the applicant has not made a request in relation to the subject design in accordance with subsections (1) to (3); and (ii) the subject design has not been excluded from the application by an amendment under section 28; and (iii) the applicant has not withdrawn the application in accordance with section 32; and (iv) the applicant has not withdrawn the subject design from the application in accordance with section 32; then the applicant is taken to have requested that the subject design be registered. > Note: Subsection (5) applies separately in relation to each design that is disclosed in the design application. Relationship with section 36 (6) This section is subject to section 36. #### 36 Request in respect of designs excluded from an application in respect of more than one design A person who files a design application (the later application) in respect of designs excluded from an initial application is taken, at the time the later application is filed, to have requested registration of all the designs disclosed in the later application. ## Part 3—Registration ### Division 1—Formalities check #### 39 Formalities check—applications in respect of one design only (1) This section applies to a design disclosed in a design application if: (a) the design is the only design disclosed in the application; and (b) the applicant has requested that the design be registered (including a request taken to have been made under subsection 35(4)). (2) The Registrar must register the design if the Registrar is satisfied that: (a) the design application satisfies the formalities check specified in the regulations; and (aa) the design application complies with the formal requirements determined in an instrument under section 149A; and (b) if the design is purportedly a common design in relation to more than one product—that the design is a common design in relation to each product; and (c) the Registrar is not required to refuse to register the design under subsection 43(1). #### 40 Formalities check—applications in respect of more than one design (1) This section applies if: (a) more than one design is disclosed in a design application; and (b) the applicant has requested registration of one or more of those designs (including a request taken to have been made under subsection 35(5)). (2) The Registrar must register a design requested to be registered if the Registrar is satisfied of the following: (a) that each product to which the design relates belongs to the same Locarno Agreement class; (b) if the design requested to be registered is purportedly a common design in relation to more than one product—that the design is a common design in relation to each product; (c) that the design application satisfies the formalities check specified in the regulations; (ca) that the design application complies with the formal requirements determined in an instrument under section 149A; (d) that the Registrar is not required to refuse to register the design under subsection 43(1). #### 41 Registrar must give applicants an opportunity to correct deficiencies If the Registrar is not satisfied as mentioned in section 39 or 40 in relation to a design application, the Registrar must notify the applicant: (a) of the matters in relation to which the Registrar is not satisfied; and (b) that the applicant may request that the Registrar amend the application under section 28; and (c) that the application will lapse at the end of the period prescribed by the regulations for the purposes of subsection 33(1) unless, during that period: (i) the application is amended; or (ii) the applicant responds in writing to the notification stating why the applicant considers that the application does not need to be amended; and as a result of the amendment or response, the Registrar is satisfied as mentioned in section 39 or 40, as the case requires. #### 42 What happens after Registrar’s notification under section 41 (1) This section applies if the Registrar has given a notification to an applicant under section 41. (2) If the applicant requests that the Registrar amend the application, the Registrar must consider the request under section 28. (3) If the applicant responds in writing to the notification as mentioned in subparagraph 41(c)(ii), the Registrar must consider the response. (4) If, after considering the request or response, the Registrar is satisfied as mentioned in section 39 or 40 in relation to the design application, the Registrar must register the design or designs disclosed in the application under whichever of those sections applies. (5) If, after considering the request or response, the Registrar is not satisfied as mentioned in section 39 or 40 in relation to the design application, the Registrar may either: (a) refuse to register the design or designs under section 43; or (b) give a further notification to the applicant under section 41. #### 43 Registrar must refuse to register certain designs (1) The Registrar must refuse to register a design if: (a) the design is a design, or belongs to a class of designs, prescribed by the regulations for the purposes of this paragraph; or (b) the Registrar must not register the design because of section 18 of the Olympic Insignia Protection Act 1987; or (c) the design is in relation to a product that is: (i) an integrated circuit within the meaning of the Circuit Layouts Act 1989; or (ii) part of such an integrated circuit; or (iii) a mask used to make such an integrated circuit; or (d) the design is subject to an order under section 108. (2) Subject to section 42, the Registrar must refuse to register a design disclosed in a design application in respect of which the Registrar has given a notification under section 41, if the applicant has not: (a) amended the application; or (b) responded in writing to the notification stating why the applicant considers that the application does not need to be amended; in such a way that the Registrar is satisfied as mentioned in section 39 or 40 in relation to the design application. (3) The Registrar must notify the applicant of a refusal under subsection (1) or (2) and of the reasons for the refusal. #### 44 Registrar must register certain designs after refusal Despite paragraph 43(1)(d), if: (a) the Registrar refuses to register a design because the design is subject to an order under section 108; and (b) the order is later revoked; and (c) at the date of the revocation of the order, the design would, but for the operation of section 108, have been registered; the Registrar must register the design within the period prescribed by the regulations. ### Division 2—Registration procedures #### 45 Registrar must notify applicant of registration and give public notice (1) This section applies if the Registrar is required to register a design under this Act. (2) The Registrar must enter in the Register the particulars mentioned in section 111, to the extent that they are applicable. (3) The Registrar must issue a certificate of registration to the applicant. The certificate must satisfy the requirements prescribed by the regulations. (4) The Registrar must publish a notice stating that the design has been registered. The notice must satisfy the requirements prescribed by the regulations. ### Division 3—Term of registration #### 46 Term of registration (1) The term of registration of a design is: (a) 5 years from the filing date of the design application in which the design was first disclosed; or (b) if the registration of the design is renewed under section 47—10 years from the filing date of the design application in which the design was first disclosed. (2) If a design has been excluded from an initial application (see section 23), the design application in which the design was first disclosed is taken, for the purposes of subsection (1), to be the initial application. #### 47 Renewal of registration (1) The registered owner of a registered design may apply for renewal of the registration of the design. (2) The application must be made within the prescribed period after the filing date of the design application in which the design was first disclosed. (3) The Registrar must renew the registration of the design if the application satisfies the requirements prescribed by the regulations. (4) To avoid doubt, if: (a) the registered owner of a registered design applies for renewal of the registration of the design; and (b) the application is made within the period prescribed for the purposes of subsection (2) and the application satisfies the requirements prescribed for the purposes of subsection (3); and (c) the Registrar renews the registration of the design; and (d) the renewal occurs after the end of the period mentioned in paragraph 46(1)(a); then the registration of the design does not cease during the period beginning on the day after the end of the period mentioned in paragraph 46(1)(a) and ending on the day the renewal occurs. #### 48 Ceasing of registration (1) The registration of a design ceases if an examination of the design has been requested and: (a) within the period prescribed for the purposes of paragraph 65(3)(b), the Registrar is not satisfied as mentioned in paragraph 67(1)(a) or 68(1)(a); or (b) the registered owner of the design has not paid the prescribed fee for the examination by the end of the period prescribed for payment. (2) The registration of a design also ceases at the end of the period mentioned in paragraph 46(1)(a) or (b), as the case requires. (3) If: (a) a registered design was, at the time of registration, a corresponding design in relation to an artistic work in which copyright subsisted under the Copyright Act 1968; and (b) the design would not have been registered under this Act apart from section 18; and (c) the copyright in the artistic work under the Copyright Act 1968 expires before the date on which registration of the design would (apart from this subsection) cease to be in force; the registration of the design ceases at the same time as the expiry of the copyright in the artistic work, and must not be extended after that time. (4) If the registration of a design ceases under subsection (1), any certificate of examination that was in force in respect of the design at the time the registration ceased is taken to be revoked at that time. #### 49 Surrender of registration (1) The registered owner of a registered design may offer to surrender the registration of the design. (2) If there is more than one registered owner of the design, an offer under subsection (1) must be made by all the registered owners. (3) An offer under subsection (1): (a) may be made at any time; and (b) must be in writing and filed; and (c) must contain the information prescribed by the regulations. #### 50 Revocation of registration on surrender (1) This section applies if the Registrar receives an offer to surrender the registration of a design under subsection 49(1). (2) The Registrar must: (a) notify the persons prescribed by the regulations of the offer; and (b) give such persons an opportunity to make submissions in the manner, and within the period, prescribed by the regulations. (3) The Registrar may accept the offer, revoke the registration of the design and make an entry in the Register under section 115 after doing the things mentioned in subsection (2). (4) If proceedings in a court have been brought and not completed in relation to the design, the Registrar must not accept the offer to surrender the registration of the design unless: (a) the court consents; or (b) all the parties to the proceedings consent. (5) If a compulsory licence is in force in relation to the design, the Registrar must not accept the offer to surrender the registration of the design. (6) An appeal lies to the Federal Court or the Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia (Division 2) against a decision of the Registrar under this section. ### Division 4—Revocation on grounds relating to entitled persons #### 51 Revocation of registration on grounds relating to entitled persons (1) A person may apply to the Registrar for revocation under section 52 of the registration of a design. (2) An application under subsection (1) must: (a) contain the information prescribed by the regulations; and (b) be made in the manner prescribed by the regulations. #### 52 Procedures in relation to application (1) This section applies if a person makes an application under section 51 for revocation of the registration of a design. (2) If the Registrar is satisfied that: (a) a person or persons were entitled persons at the time the design was first registered, and one or more of the original registered owners of the design was not an entitled person at that time; or (b) each original registered owner of the design was an entitled person at the time when the design was first registered, but another person or persons were also entitled persons at that time; the Registrar may make a written declaration specifying that a person whom the Registrar is satisfied was an entitled person at the time the design was first registered is an entitled person under this subsection. (3) If the Registrar makes a declaration under subsection (2), the Registrar must: (a) notify the relevant parties that the registration of the design is revoked; and (b) make an entry in the Register under section 115. (4) The Registrar must also publish a notice that satisfies the requirements prescribed by the regulations and that states that the registration of the design has been revoked and that the design is taken never to have been registered. (5) The Registrar must not revoke the registration of a design under this section unless the Registrar has given each original registered owner a reasonable opportunity to be heard. (6) The Registrar must not revoke the registration of a design under this section while relevant proceedings in relation to that design are pending. (7) An appeal lies to the Federal Court or the Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia (Division 2) against a decision of the Registrar under this section. #### 53 Applications by persons declared to be entitled persons in court proceedings (1) This section applies if, in any proceedings in a court in relation to a design, the court is satisfied either: (a) that a person or persons were entitled persons at the time the design was first registered, and one or more of the original registered owners of the design was not an entitled person at that time; or (b) that each original registered owner of the design was an entitled person at the time the design was first registered, but that another person or persons were also entitled persons at that time. (2) In addition to any other order it may make in the proceedings, the court may declare that a person whom the court is satisfied was an entitled person at the time the design was first registered is an entitled person under this subsection. (3) The court may not make an order under subsection (2) unless the registration of the design has been revoked. #### 54 Applications by entitled persons after revocation following surrender of registration (1) This section applies if: (a) the Registrar revokes the registration of a design under section 50; and (b) the Registrar is satisfied on application by one or more persons in accordance with the regulations: (i) that one or more of the original registered owners was not an entitled person at the time the design was first registered, and another person or persons were entitled persons at that time; or (ii) that each original registered owner of the design was an entitled person at the time the design was first registered, but another person or persons were entitled persons at that time. (2) The Registrar may make a written declaration specifying that a person whom the Registrar is satisfied was an entitled person at the time the design was first registered is an entitled person under this subsection. (3) The Registrar must not make a declaration under subsection (2) without first giving each original registered owner a reasonable opportunity to be heard. (4) An appeal lies to the Federal Court or the Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia (Division 2) against a decision of the Registrar to make, or refuse to make, a declaration under subsection (2). #### 55 Priority date of design if an application filed by a person declared to be an entitled person One or more persons declared to be entitled persons in relation to a design under section 52, 53 or 54 may file an application in respect of the design under section 21, and if they do so, the design has the same priority date as it had in the application in which it was first disclosed. #### 56 Meaning of original registered owner In this Division: > original registered owner, in relation to a design, means each person entered in the Register as the registered owner at the time the design was first registered. ## Part 5—Certain documents to be available for public inspection #### 60 Design applications for registered designs and associated documents to be open for public inspection (1) After a design is registered, the Registrar must make the following documents available for public inspection: (a) the design application in which the design was disclosed; (b) any representations that were included in the design application; (c) any statement of newness and distinctiveness in respect of the design that was included in the application; (d) any document filed in relation to the design (whether before or after its registration); (e) any document sent by the Registrar to the applicant or the registered owner in connection with the design (whether before or after its registration); (f) any other document relating to the design application that is in, or comes into, the possession of the Designs Office; (g) any other document prescribed by the regulations. (2) Despite subsection (1), the following documents are not to be made available for public inspection: (a) a document that would be privileged from production in legal proceedings on the ground of legal professional privilege; (b) a document that is subject to an order of a court or tribunal that prohibits disclosure of the document or information in the document; (c) a document required to be produced under paragraph 127(1)(c), if the Registrar is satisfied that the document, or information in the document, should not be open for public inspection; (d) a document that contains information obtained from a document to which any of paragraph (a), (b) or (c) applies. (3) If a document mentioned in subsection (1) has been amended, the document before and after amendment is to be made available for public inspection. (4) However, if: (a) more than one design was disclosed in the design application; and (b) any of the following apply: (i) the application was amended to exclude one or more of the designs; (ii) one or more of the designs was withdrawn from the application; (iii) one or more of the designs have not been registered; the designs that were excluded or withdrawn, or that have not been registered, and any documents, or parts of documents, mentioned under paragraphs 60(1)(b) to (g) relating exclusively to those designs, are not to be made available for public inspection under subsection (1). #### 61 Certain documents not to be published (1) Except as otherwise provided by this Act, documents of the kind mentioned in subsection 60(1), other than documents prescribed by the regulations for the purposes of paragraph 60(1)(g): (a) must not be published or be open to public inspection; and (b) are not liable to be inspected or produced before the Registrar or in a legal proceeding unless the Registrar, court, or any person having power to order inspection or production, directs that the inspection or production be allowed. (2) Notice of an application for the production in legal proceedings of a document of the kind mentioned in subsection (1) must be given to the Registrar, who is entitled to be heard on the application. (3) Subsection (1) does not prevent documents of the kind mentioned in subsection 60(1) from being made available to an applicant for registration of the design to which the documents relate. Chapter 5—Examination of designs ## Part 1—Simplified outline of Chapter 5 #### 62 Simplified outline The following is a simplified outline of this Chapter: Chapter 5 deals with the examination of designs by the Registrar. Designs may be examined after registration on the request of any person or on the Registrar’s initiative. In examining a design, the Registrar must consider whether there are grounds for revoking the registration of the design. ## Part 2—Requests for examination #### 63 Examination of design (1) The Registrar must examine a design that has at any time been a registered design if any person requests, or a court orders, that the Registrar examine the design. (2) The Registrar may, on the Registrar’s initiative and at any time, examine a design that has at any time been a registered design. (3) If relevant proceedings in relation to a design are pending in a court, the Registrar must not examine the design unless the court orders that the Registrar examine the design. (4) If: (a) the Registrar has started to examine a design; and (b) relevant proceedings in relation to the design are started; the Registrar must not continue to examine the design (including considering a request for amendments under section 66) unless a court orders that the Registrar continue to examine the design. (5) For the purposes of this section, the expression a design that has at any time been a registered design: (a) does not include a design whose registration has ceased because of the operation of subsection 48(1); and (b) does not include a design whose registration has been revoked, unless a declaration of the entitled persons has been made under section 52, 53 or 54 in relation to the design. #### 64 Requirements for request for examination of design (1) A request by a person that the Registrar examine a registered design must satisfy any requirements prescribed by the regulations. (2) The request may contain material in relation to the newness and distinctiveness of the design. (3) The Registrar must make available for public inspection material contained in a request under this section in relation to the newness and distinctiveness of the design to which the request relates. ## Part 3—Examination #### 65 What Registrar must do in examining a design (1) If the Registrar receives a request to examine a registered design, or decides to examine a registered design, the Registrar must consider whether a ground for revocation under subsection (2) exists. (2) The following are grounds for revocation of the registration of a design for the purposes of this Part: (a) the design is not a registrable design; (b) any other ground prescribed by the regulations. (3) The examination must be: (a) conducted in accordance with the procedures prescribed by the regulations; and (b) completed within the period prescribed by the regulations. #### 66 Amendment of registration (1) This section applies if the Registrar is satisfied, in the course of examining a registered design, that a ground for revocation of the registration of the design has been made out. (2) The Registrar must notify the registered owner of the design to that effect. (3) The registered owner of the design may request that the Registrar amend the Register in such a way that the ground for revocation is removed. (4) A request under subsection (3) must be made in the manner prescribed by the regulations. (5) The Registrar must consider and deal with the request in the manner prescribed by the regulations. (6) An amendment must not be such as to: (a) increase the scope of the design registration; or (b) alter the scope of the registration by the inclusion of matter that was not in substance disclosed in the original design application, representations or other documents. #### 67 Certificate of examination where registration valid (1) This section applies in relation to a registered design if: (a) the Registrar has examined the design and is satisfied that a ground for revocation of the registration of the design has not been made out, or that any such ground would be removed if the Register were amended as proposed in a request made under section 66; and (b) the registration of the design has not ceased under subsection 48(1). (2) The Registrar must notify the relevant parties: (a) that the design has been examined; and (b) if the Registrar is satisfied that a ground of revocation could be removed if the Register were amended as proposed in a request made under section 66—of the details of the proposed amendments; and (c) that a certificate of examination is to be issued. (3) If the Registrar remains satisfied as mentioned in paragraph (1)(a) after giving the relevant parties a reasonable opportunity to be heard, the Registrar must: (a) issue a certificate of examination to the registered owner of the design that contains the information prescribed by the regulations; and (b) record on the Register the issue of that certificate and, if applicable, such amendments proposed in a request made under section 66 that the Registrar is satisfied would remove a ground of revocation; and (c) publish a notice that satisfies the requirements prescribed by the regulations and that states: (i) that an examination of the design has been completed; and (ii) that infringement proceedings under Chapter 6 may be commenced. (4) An appeal lies to the Federal Court or the Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia (Division 2) against a decision of the Registrar under this section. #### 68 Revocation of registration after examination (1) This section applies in relation to a registered design if: (a) the Registrar has examined the design, and is satisfied that a ground for revocation of the registration of the design has been made out and the ground would not be removed if the Register were amended as proposed in a request under section 66; and (b) the registration of the design has not ceased under subsection 48(1). (2) The Registrar must: (a) notify the relevant parties that the registration of the design is revoked; and (b) make an entry in the Register under section 115. (3) The Registrar must also publish a notice that satisfies the requirements prescribed by the regulations and that states that the registration of the design has been revoked and that the design is taken never to have been registered. (4) The Registrar must not revoke the registration of a design under this section unless: (a) the Registrar has given the registered owner a reasonable opportunity to be heard; and (b) if appropriate, the Registrar has given the registered owner a reasonable opportunity to amend the relevant registered design for the purpose of removing a ground for the revocation of the registration of the design and the registered owner has failed to do so. (5) The Registrar must not revoke the registration of a design under this section while relevant proceedings in relation to that design are pending. (6) An appeal lies to the Federal Court or the Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia (Division 2) against a decision of the Registrar under this section. ## Part 4—Material may be provided to Registrar #### 69 Certain material may be provided to Registrar (1) A person may provide to the Registrar material relating to whether a registered design is new or distinctive within the meaning of Division 1 of Part 4 of Chapter 2\. The material may be provided even if the person has not made a request under subsection 63(1) that the design be examined. (2) The material is to be provided in accordance with the regulations. (2A) A person must not provide to the Registrar material in the form of a physical article, other than a document, unless the Registrar has given the person an approval to do so. (2B) If a person provides material to the Registrar under subsection (1), the material may be accompanied by evidence, in the form of a declaration, of the publication of the material. > Note: The regulations deal with the making of declarations. (3) If a person provides material to the Registrar under subsection (1), the Registrar must: (a) notify the registered owner of the design that the material has been provided; and (b) provide a copy of the material to the registered owner of the design. (4) Nothing in this section is to be taken to require the Registrar to examine a design under Part 3. (5) The Registrar must make a copy of material provided to the Registrar under subsection (1) available for public inspection. Chapter 6—Infringement ## Part 1—Simplified outline of Chapter 6 #### 70 Simplified outline The following is a simplified outline of this Chapter: Chapter 6 is about infringement. Part 2 provides that a person infringes a registered design if, without the appropriate authority, the person deals in certain ways with a product that embodies the design, or a design that is substantially similar to it. Part 2 also provides that the registered owner of a design or an exclusive licensee may bring infringement proceedings. The defendant may counter‑claim for rectification of the Register. Various remedies are available, including injunction, damages or an account of profits. Part 3 deals with unjustified threats of infringement proceedings. ## Part 2—Infringement of registered design #### 71 Infringement of design (1) A person infringes a registered design if, during the term of registration of the design, and without the licence or authority of the registered owner of the design or an exclusive licensee, the person: (a) makes or offers to make a product, in relation to which the design is registered, which embodies a design that is identical to, or substantially similar in overall impression to, the registered design; or (b) imports such a product into Australia for sale, or for use for the purposes of any trade or business; or (c) sells, hires or otherwise disposes of, or offers to sell, hire or otherwise dispose of, such a product; or (d) uses such a product in any way for the purposes of any trade or business; or (e) keeps such a product for the purpose of doing any of the things mentioned in paragraph (c) or (d). > Note: See section 4 for the application of this Act. (2) Despite subsection (1), a person does not infringe a registered design if: (a) the person imports a product, in relation to which the design is registered, which embodies a design that is identical to, or substantially similar in overall impression to, the registered design; and (b) the product embodies the design with the licence or authority of the registered owner of the design or an exclusive licensee. (3) In determining whether an allegedly infringing design is substantially similar in overall impression to the registered design, a court is to consider the factors specified in section 19. (4) Infringement proceedings must be started within 6 years from the day on which the alleged infringement occurred. #### 71A Infringement exemption—prior use (1) In relation to a registered design where the priority date of the design is on or after the commencement of this section, a person may, without infringing the registered design, do an act: (a) that is referred to in paragraph 71(1)(a), (b), (c), (d) or (e); and (b) that would infringe that registered design apart from this subsection; if before that priority date: (c) the person had: (i) made a product, in relation to which the design became registered, which embodied a design (the comparable design) that was identical to, or substantially similar in overall impression to, the design that became registered; or (ii) imported such a product into Australia for sale, or for use for the purposes of any trade or business; or (iii) sold, hired or otherwise disposed of such a product; or (iv) used such a product in any way for the purposes of any trade or business; or (v) kept such a product for the purpose of doing any of the things mentioned in subparagraph (iii) or (iv); or (d) the person had taken definite steps (contractually or otherwise and whether or not in Australia) to do an act covered by paragraph (c). > Note: For paragraph (c)—see section 4 for the application of this Act. (2) Subsection (1) does not apply unless immediately before the priority date of the registered design: (a) either: (i) the person was doing an act covered by paragraph (1)(c); or (ii) the person was not doing such an act only because the person had temporarily stopped the doing of such an act; or (b) either: (i) the person was taking the steps covered by paragraph (1)(d); or (ii) the person was not taking such steps only because the person had temporarily stopped the taking of such steps. Limit if comparable design derived from registered owner etc. (3) Subsection (1) does not apply if the person derived the comparable design from one of the following entities: (a) the person who became the registered owner of the registered design referred to in subsection (1); (b) any predecessor in title of the person referred to in paragraph (a); (c) the person who created that registered design if that person is not covered by paragraph (a) or (b); unless the derivation was from information made publicly available by or with the consent of an entity covered by paragraph (a) or (b). Exemption for successors in title (4) A person (the disposer) may dispose to another person the whole of the disposer’s entitlement under subsection (1) or this subsection to do an act without infringing the registered design referred to in subsection (1). If there is such a disposal, the other person may, without infringing that registered design, do an act: (a) that is referred to in paragraph 71(1)(a), (b), (c), (d) or (e); and (b) that would infringe that registered design apart from this subsection. Exemption for persons who obtain products (5) If a person sells or otherwise disposes of a particular product to another person: (a) in accordance with subsection (1) or (4) or this subsection; and (b) without infringing the registered design referred to in subsection (1); the other person may, without infringing that registered design, do an act: (c) that is referred to in paragraph 71(1)(c), (d) or (e) in relation to that product; and (d) that would infringe that registered design apart from this subsection. #### 72 Infringement exemption—repairs (1) Despite subsection 71(1), a person does not infringe a registered design if: (a) the person uses, or authorises another person to use, a product: (i) in relation to which the design is registered; and (ii) which embodies a design that is identical to, or substantially similar in overall impression to, the registered design; and (b) the product is a component part of a complex product; and (c) the use or authorisation is for the purpose of the repair of the complex product so as to restore its overall appearance in whole or part. (2) If: (a) a person (the first person) uses or authorises another person to use a product: (i) in relation to which a design is registered; and (ii) which embodies a design that is identical to, or substantially similar in overall impression to, the registered design; and (b) the first person asserts in infringement proceedings that, because of the operation of subsection (1), the use or authorisation did not infringe the registered design; the person bringing the infringement proceedings bears the burden of proving that the first person knew, or ought reasonably to have known, that the use or authorisation was not for the purpose mentioned in paragraph (1)(c). (3) For the purposes of subsection (1): (a) a repair is taken to be so as to restore the overall appearance of a complex product in whole if the overall appearance of the complex product immediately after the repair is not materially different from its original overall appearance; and (b) a repair is taken to be so as to restore the overall appearance of a complex product in part if any material difference between: (i) the original overall appearance of the complex product; and (ii) the overall appearance of the complex product immediately after the repair; is solely attributable to the fact that only part of the complex product has been repaired. (4) In applying subsection (3), a court must apply the standard of a person who is familiar with the complex product, or products similar to the complex product (whether or not the person is a user of the complex product or of products similar to the complex product). (5) In this section: > repair, in relation to a complex product, includes the following: (a) restoring a decayed or damaged component part of the complex product to a good or sound condition; (b) replacing a decayed or damaged component part of the complex product with a component part in good or sound condition; (c) necessarily replacing incidental items when restoring or replacing a decayed or damaged component part of the complex product; (d) carrying out maintenance on the complex product. > use, in relation to a product, means: (a) to make or offer to make the product; or (b) to import the product into Australia for sale, or for use for the purposes of any trade or business; or (c) to sell, hire or otherwise dispose of, or offer to sell, hire or otherwise dispose of, the product; or (d) to use the product in any other way for the purposes of any trade or business; or (e) to keep the product for the purpose of doing any of the things mentioned in paragraph (c) or (d). #### 73 Infringement proceedings (1) The registered owner of a registered design, or an exclusive licensee, may bring proceedings against another person alleging that the person has infringed the registered design. (2) Infringement proceedings may be brought in a prescribed court or in another court that has jurisdiction in relation to the proceedings. (2A) If an exclusive licensee brings infringement proceedings, the licensee must make the registered owner of the registered design a defendant in the proceedings, unless the registered owner is joined as a plaintiff. (2B) If the registered owner of the registered design is made a defendant in the proceedings, the registered owner is not liable for costs if the registered owner does not take part in the proceedings. (3) Infringement proceedings may not be brought under subsection (1) until: (a) the design has been examined under Chapter 5; and (b) a certificate of examination has been issued. (4) If a person files an application under section 21 for registration of a design as a result of the operation of section 55, the person may only bring infringement proceedings in respect of infringements of the design occurring after the date on which the application was filed under section 21. #### 74 Counter‑claims A defendant in infringement proceedings in respect of a registered design may apply, by way of counter‑claim in the proceedings, for the revocation of the registration of the design under section 93. #### 75 Remedies for infringement (1) Without limiting the relief that a court may grant in infringement proceedings, the relief may include: (a) an injunction subject to such terms as the court thinks fit; and (b) at the option of the plaintiff—damages or an account of profits. Relief for defendant—infringement before date of registration (1A) To the extent that the infringement proceedings relate to an infringement occurring before the date on which the design was registered, the court may: (a) refuse to award damages; or (b) reduce the damages that would otherwise be awarded; or (c) refuse to make an order for an account of profits; if the defendant satisfies the court that, at the time of the infringement, the defendant was not aware, and could not reasonably have been expected to be aware, that an application in respect of the design had been filed under section 21. Relief for defendant—infringement on or after date of registration (2) To the extent that the infringement proceedings relate to an infringement occurring on or after the date on which the design was registered, the court may refuse to award damages, reduce the damages that would otherwise be awarded, or refuse to make an order for an account of profits, if the defendant satisfies the court: (a) in the case of primary infringement: (i) that at the time of the infringement, the defendant was not aware that the design was registered; and (ii) that before that time, the defendant had taken all reasonable steps to ascertain whether the design was registered; or (b) in the case of secondary infringement—that at the time of the infringement, the defendant was not aware, and could not reasonably have been expected to be aware, that the design was registered. Additional damages (3) The court may award such additional damages as it considers appropriate, having regard to the flagrancy of the infringement and all other relevant matters. Prima facie evidence (4) It is prima facie evidence that the defendant was aware that the design was registered if the product embodying the registered design to which the infringement proceedings relate, or the packaging of the product, is marked so as to indicate registration of the design. Definitions (5) In this section: > primary infringement means infringement of a kind mentioned in paragraph 71(1)(a). > secondary infringement means infringement of a kind mentioned in paragraph 71(1)(b), (c), (d) or (e). #### 76 Intervention by Registrar A court may grant the Registrar leave to intervene in infringement proceedings. ## Part 3—Relief from unjustified threats #### 77 Application for relief from unjustified threats (1) If a person is threatened by another person (the respondent) with infringement proceedings, or other similar proceedings, in respect of a design, an aggrieved person (the applicant) may apply to a prescribed court, or to another court that has jurisdiction to hear and determine the application, for: (a) a declaration that the threats are unjustified; and (b) an injunction against the continuation of the threats; and (c) the recovery of damages sustained by the applicant as a result of the threats. (1A) The court may include an additional amount in an assessment of damages sustained by the applicant as a result of the unjustified threats, if the court considers it appropriate to do so having regard to: (a) the flagrancy of the threats; and (b) the need to deter similar threats; and (c) the conduct of the respondent that occurred after the respondent made the threats; and (d) any benefit shown to have accrued to the respondent because of the threats; and (e) all other relevant matters. (2) A threat mentioned in subsection (1) may be by means of circulars, advertisements or otherwise. (3) If a certificate of examination has not been issued in respect of a design, a threat to bring infringement proceedings, or other similar proceedings, in respect of the design is an unjustified threat for the purposes of this section. #### 78 Court’s power to grant relief A court may grant the relief sought by an applicant under section 77, unless the respondent satisfies the court that: (a) the design concerned is registered, has been examined and a certificate of examination has been issued; and (b) the acts about which the threats were made infringe, or would infringe, the registered design. #### 79 Counter‑claim (1) The respondent in proceedings under section 77 in respect of a design may apply, by way of counter‑claim, for relief to which the respondent would be entitled in separate infringement proceedings against the applicant in respect of the design. (2) If the respondent applies under subsection (1) by way of counter‑claim, the applicant may, without making a separate application under section 93, apply for revocation of the registration of the design. (3) The provisions of this Act relating to infringement proceedings apply, with the necessary modifications, to a counter‑claim under subsection (1). (4) The provisions of this Act relating to proceedings for the revocation of the registration of a design apply, with the necessary modifications, to an application under subsection (2). #### 80 Mere notification of registration not a threat The mere notification of the existence of a registered design does not constitute a threat of infringement proceedings for the purposes of section 77. #### 81 Legal practitioners, registered patent attorneys and registered trade marks attorneys A legal practitioner, a registered patent attorney or a registered trade marks attorney is not liable to proceedings under section 77 in respect of an act done in a professional capacity on behalf of a client. Chapter 7—Jurisdiction and powers of courts ## Part 1—Simplified outline of Chapter 7 #### 82 Simplified outline The following is a simplified outline of this Chapter: Chapter 7 deals with the jurisdiction of courts. Under Part 2, the Federal Court and the Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia (Division 2) are given jurisdiction in relation to matters arising under the Act. Other prescribed courts have jurisdiction if the Act so provides. Part 3 deals with the capacity of a prescribed court to issue compulsory licences and to revoke the registration of a design in certain circumstances. Part 4 also deals with the capacity of a prescribed court to revoke the registration of a design in certain other circumstances. ## Part 2—Jurisdiction #### 83 Jurisdiction of Federal Court (1) The Federal Court has jurisdiction with respect to matters arising under this Act. (2) The jurisdiction of the Federal Court to hear and determine appeals from decisions of the Registrar is exclusive of the jurisdiction of any other court other than the jurisdiction of: (a) the Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia (Division 2) under subsection 83A(2); and (b) the High Court under section 75 of the Constitution. (3) A prosecution for an offence against this Act must not be brought in the Federal Court. #### 83A Jurisdiction of the Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia (Division 2) (1) The Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia (Division 2) has jurisdiction with respect to matters arising under this Act. (2) The jurisdiction of the Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia (Division 2) to hear and determine appeals from decisions of the Registrar is exclusive of the jurisdiction of any other court other than the jurisdiction of: (a) the Federal Court under subsection 83(2); and (b) the High Court under section 75 of the Constitution. (3) A prosecution for an offence against this Act must not be brought in the Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia (Division 2). #### 84 Jurisdiction of other prescribed courts (1) Each prescribed court other than the Federal Court or the Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia (Division 2) has jurisdiction in respect of matters arising under this Act in relation to which proceedings may be brought in a prescribed court. (2) The jurisdiction conferred by subsection (1) on the Supreme Court of a Territory is as follows: (a) the jurisdiction is conferred to the extent that the Constitution permits so far as it relates to: (i) infringement proceedings; or (ii) an application for revocation of registration of a design because of section 74; and (b) in any other case, the jurisdiction is conferred only in relation to proceedings instituted by: (i) a natural person who is resident in the Territory at the time the proceedings are brought; or (ii) a corporation that has its principal place of business in the Territory at the time the proceedings are brought. (3) This section, so far as it relates to the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, has effect subject to section 60AA of the Norfolk Island Act 1979. #### 85 Exercise of jurisdiction The jurisdiction of a prescribed court under section 83, 83A or 84 is to be exercised by a single judge. #### 86 Transfer of proceedings etc. (1) A court in which proceedings have been brought under this Act may transfer the proceedings to another prescribed court having jurisdiction to hear and determine the proceedings: (a) if the court thinks fit; and (b) upon application of a party made at any stage in the proceedings. (2) If proceedings are transferred from one court to another court under this section: (a) all documents of record relevant to the proceedings are to be sent to the Registrar or other appropriate officer of the other court; and (b) the other court must proceed as if: (i) the proceedings had been started in that court; and (ii) the same steps in the proceedings had been taken in that court as had been taken in the transferring court. (3) This section does not apply in relation to a transfer of proceedings between the Federal Court and the Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia (Division 2). > Note 1: For transfers of proceedings from the Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia (Division 2) to the Federal Court: see section 153 of the Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia Act 2021 and section 32AC of the Federal Court of Australia Act 1976. > Note 2: For transfers of proceedings from the Federal Court to the Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia (Division 2): see section 32AB of the Federal Court of Australia Act 1976. #### 87 Appeals (1) An appeal lies to the Federal Court from a judgment or order of: (a) another prescribed court exercising jurisdiction under this Act; or (b) any other court in a proceeding referred to in section 73 or 77. (2) An appeal does not lie to the full court of the Federal Court from a judgment or order of a single judge of the Federal Court or the Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia (Division 2), in the exercise of its jurisdiction to hear and determine appeals from decisions of the Registrar, other than with the leave of the Federal Court. (3) An appeal lies to the High Court, with special leave of the High Court, from a judgment or order referred to in subsection (1). (4) No appeal lies from a judgment or order referred to in subsection (1), except as provided by this section. #### 88 Powers of Federal Court and Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia (Division 2) on hearing an appeal On hearing an appeal against a decision or direction of the Registrar, the Federal Court or Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia (Division 2) may do any one or more of the following: (a) admit further evidence orally, or on affidavit or otherwise; (b) permit the examination and cross‑examination of witnesses (including witnesses who gave evidence before the Registrar); (c) order an issue of fact to be tried as it directs; (d) affirm, reverse or vary the Registrar’s decision or direction; (e) give any judgment, or make any order, that, in all the circumstances, it thinks fit; (f) order a party to pay costs to another party. #### 89 Registrar may appear in appeals The Registrar may appear and be heard at the hearing of an appeal to the Federal Court or Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia (Division 2) against a decision or direction of the Registrar, even if the Registrar is not a party to the appeal. ## Part 3—Compulsory licences and revocation of registration #### 90 Person may apply to court for compulsory licence (1) A person may apply to a prescribed court, after the end of the prescribed period, for an order requiring the registered owner of a registered design to grant the person a licence to do any of the things mentioned in paragraphs 10(1)(a) to (e) in relation to the design. (2) An application under subsection (1) may not be made unless a certificate of examination has been issued. (3) After hearing the application, the court may make such an order if it is satisfied that: (a) products embodying the design have not been made in Australia, to the extent that is reasonable in the circumstances of the case; and (b) the registered owner of the design has given no satisfactory reason for failing to exercise the exclusive rights in the design; and (c) the applicant has tried for a reasonable period, but without success, to obtain from the registered owner of the design an authorisation to do, on reasonable terms and conditions, any of the things mentioned in paragraphs 10(1)(a) to (e) in relation to the design. #### 91 Terms of compulsory licence (1) This section applies if a court makes an order granting a licence under section 90. (2) The order must direct that the licence: (a) does not give the licensee any exclusive rights in the design; and (b) is to be assignable only in connection with an enterprise or goodwill in connection with which the licence is used; and may direct that the licence is to be granted on any other terms specified in the order. (3) The order operates, without prejudice to any other method of enforcement, as if it were embodied in a deed granting a licence and executed by the registered owner of the design and all other necessary parties. (4) The applicant is to pay the registered owner of the design: (a) such amount as is agreed between the applicant and the registered owner of the design; or (b) if paragraph (a) does not apply—such amount as is determined by a prescribed court to be just and reasonable having regard to the economic value of the licence. (5) The registered owner of the design or a prescribed court may revoke the licence if: (a) the registered owner of the design and the licensee are agreed, or the court on application made by either party finds, that the circumstances that justified the grant of the licence have ceased to exist and are unlikely to recur; and (b) the legitimate interests of the licensee are not likely to be adversely affected by the revocation. #### 92 Revocation of registration after grant of compulsory licence (1) If a licence is granted under section 90, an interested person may apply to a prescribed court, after the end of the prescribed period, for an order revoking the registration of the design. (2) After hearing the application, the court may make the order if it is satisfied that: (a) the reasonable requirements of the public with respect to the design have not been satisfied; and (b) the registered owner of the design has given no satisfactory reason for failing to exercise the exclusive rights in the design. ## Part 4—Revocation of registration by court in other circumstances #### 93 Revocation of registration in other circumstances (1) A person may apply to a prescribed court for an order revoking the registration of a design. (2) An application under subsection (1) may be made only after the design has been examined under Chapter 5 and a certificate of examination has been issued. (3) The grounds on which a court may revoke the registration of the design are: (a) that the design is not a registrable design; or (b) that one or more of the original registered owners was not an entitled person in relation to the design when the design was first registered; or (c) that each of the original registered owners was an entitled person in relation to the design when the design was first registered, but another person or persons were entitled persons in relation to the design at that time; or (d) that the registration of the design, or the certificate of examination, was obtained by fraud, false suggestion or misrepresentation; or (e) that the design is a corresponding design to an artistic work, and copyright in the artistic work has ceased. (3A) A court must not make an order under this section on the ground covered by paragraph (3)(b) or (c) unless the court is satisfied that, in all the circumstances, it is just and equitable to do so. (4) In this section: > original registered owner, in relation to a design, means each person entered in the Register as the registered owner at the time the design was first registered. Chapter 8—The Crown ## Part 1—Simplified outline of Chapter 8 #### 94 Simplified outline The following is a simplified outline of this Chapter: Part 2 permits the use of registered designs by the Commonwealth or a State. Part 3 permits acquisition of registered designs by the Commonwealth. Part 4 enables the Registrar to prohibit or restrict the publication of information about a design application, if to do so is necessary or expedient in the interests of the defence of the Commonwealth. ## Part 2—Use by the Crown #### 95 Meaning of terms (1) In this Part, a reference to the use of a design, or of a product in relation to which a design is registered, which embodies the design, is a reference to the exercise of the exclusive rights in the design mentioned in paragraphs 10(1)(a) to (e). (2) A design is used for Crown purposes if: (a) the design is used for the services of a relevant authority; and (b) the use is by: (i) the relevant authority; or (ii) if a person is authorised, in writing, by the relevant authority for the purposes of this subparagraph—the person for the relevant authority. (3) A person may be authorised for the purposes of subparagraph (2)(b)(ii): (a) before or after the registration of the design; and (b) even if the person is directly or indirectly authorised by the entitled person in relation to the design, or the registered owner of the design, to use the design. (4) Subject to section 105, a design is taken to be used for the services of a relevant authority if the use of the design is necessary for the proper provision of those services within Australia. (5) Services of a relevant authority includes: (a) if the relevant authority is the Commonwealth—services that are: (i) primarily provided or funded by the Commonwealth; or (ii) primarily provided or funded by the Commonwealth and one or more of the States or Territories; and (b) if the relevant authority is a State or Territory—services that are: (i) primarily provided or funded by the State or Territory; or (ii) primarily provided or funded by the State or Territory and one or more of the other States or Territories or the Commonwealth. #### 96 Crown use of designs—general rule (1) Use of a design in the circumstances mentioned in subsection (3) is not an infringement of a registered design. (2) Despite subsection (1), if terms relating to the use of the design have been agreed or determined in accordance with section 98, the use of the design is an infringement unless the terms are complied with. (3) The circumstances are as follows: (a) the relevant Minister considers that the relevant authority has tried for a reasonable period, but without success, to obtain from the applicant or entitled person, or the registered owner, an authorisation to use the design on reasonable terms; (b) the relevant Minister approves, in writing, the use of the design; (c) the design is used for Crown purposes; (d) if the use of the design is by a person authorised by a relevant authority for the purposes of subparagraph 95(2)(b)(ii)—the person is authorised by the relevant authority before the use starts; (e) at least 14 days before the use starts, the relevant authority gives the applicant and the entitled person, or the registered owner: (i) a copy of the approval referred to in paragraph (b); and (ii) a written statement of reasons for approving the use of the design. > Note: Section 25D of the Acts Interpretation Act 1901 sets out rules about the contents of a statement of reasons. (4) An approval given under paragraph (3)(b) is not a legislative instrument. (5) Relevant Minister means: (a) in relation to the use of a design by or for the Commonwealth—the Minister; or (b) in relation to the use of a design by or for a State—the Attorney‑General of the State; or (c) in relation to the use of a design by or for a Territory—the Attorney‑General of the Territory. #### 96A Crown use of designs—emergencies (1) Use of a design in the circumstances mentioned in subsection (3) is not an infringement of a registered design. (2) Despite subsection (1), if terms relating to the use of the design have been agreed or determined in accordance with section 98, the use of the design is an infringement unless the terms are complied with. (3) The circumstances are as follows: (a) the relevant Minister considers that the use of the design is required because of an emergency, including an emergency to which a national emergency declaration (within the meaning of the National Emergency Declaration Act 2020) relates; (b) the relevant Minister approves, in writing, the use of the design before the use starts; (c) the design is used for Crown purposes; (d) if the use of the design is by a person authorised by a relevant authority for the purposes of subparagraph 95(2)(b)(ii)—the person is authorised by the relevant authority before the use starts. (4) As soon as practicable after the relevant Minister approves the proposed use of the design, the relevant Minister must give the applicant and the entitled person, or the registered owner: (a) a copy of the approval referred to in paragraph (3)(b); and (b) a written statement of reasons for approving the use of the design. > Note: Section 25D of the Acts Interpretation Act 1901 sets out rules about the contents of a statement of reasons. (5) An approval given under paragraph (3)(b) is not a legislative instrument. #### 97 Applicants, entitled persons and registered owners to be informed of use (1) As soon as practicable after the use of a design in the circumstances mentioned in subsection 96(3) or 96A(3), the relevant authority must inform the following persons of that use: (a) in the case of a design that has not yet been registered—each applicant for registration of the design and each entitled person in relation to the design; (b) in the case of a registered design—the registered owner. (2) The relevant authority must also give to each person mentioned in paragraph (1)(a) or (b) such information about the use of the design as the person from time to time reasonably requires, unless it appears to the relevant authority that it would be contrary to the public interest to do so. #### 98 Crown use of designs—terms (including remuneration) (1) The terms for the use of a design in the circumstances mentioned in subsection 96(3) or 96A(3), including terms concerning the remuneration payable to the entitled person or the registered owner, are such terms: (a) as are agreed, or determined by a method agreed, between the relevant authority and the entitled person or the registered owner; or (b) in the absence of agreement—as are determined by a prescribed court on the application of the relevant authority, or the entitled person or the registered owner. (2) Without limiting paragraph (1)(b), the prescribed court must determine an amount of remuneration that is just and reasonable, having regard to the economic value of the use of the design and any other matter the court considers relevant. (3) A person may not apply to a prescribed court for a determination under paragraph (1)(b) in relation to a design unless a certificate of examination has been issued in relation to the design. (4) The prescribed court may, in determining the terms of use, take into consideration compensation that a person interested in the design has received, directly or indirectly, from the relevant authority in respect of the design. (5) For the purposes of this section, the terms, or the method, may be agreed or determined before, during or after the use of the design. #### 99 Certain agreement and licences inoperative unless approved by relevant Minister (1) An agreement or licence setting the terms on which a person other than a relevant authority may use a design is inoperative with respect to the use of the design in the circumstances mentioned in subsection 96(3) or 96A(3). (2) Subsection (1) does not apply if the agreement or licence has been approved in writing by the relevant Minister. #### 102 Crown use of designs—court order to cease (1) A prescribed court may, on the application of the registered owner, declare that the use of a registered design in the circumstances mentioned in subsection 96(3) or 96A(3) is not, or is no longer, necessary for the proper provision of services of the relevant authority concerned. (2) The court may make a declaration under subsection (1) if it is satisfied that in all the circumstances of the case, it is fair and reasonable to do so. (3) The court may further order that the relevant authority is to cease to use the design: (a) on and from the day specified in the order; and (b) subject to any conditions specified in the order. (4) In making an order under subsection (3), the court is to ensure that the legitimate interests of the relevant authority are not adversely affected by the order. (5) A person may not apply to a prescribed court for a declaration under subsection (1) in relation to a design unless a certificate of examination has been issued in relation to the design. #### 103 Sale of products If a product that embodies a design is sold during the use of the design under section 96 in the circumstances mentioned in subsection 96(3) or 96A(3), the buyer, and any person claiming through the buyer, is entitled to deal with the product as if the relevant authority were the registered owner of the design. #### 104 Forfeited products Nothing in this Part affects the right of the Commonwealth, a State or a Territory, or of a person deriving title directly or indirectly from the Commonwealth, a State or a Territory, to sell or use a product forfeited under a law of the Commonwealth, the State or the Territory. #### 105 Supply of products by the Commonwealth to foreign countries (1) This section applies if: (a) the Commonwealth has made an agreement with a foreign country to supply to the country a product in relation to which a design is registered, which embodies the design; and (b) the product is required for the defence of the country. (2) The use of the product by the Commonwealth, or by a person authorised in writing by the Commonwealth, for the purposes of supplying the product is taken, for the purposes of this Part, to be a use of the product by the Commonwealth for the services of the Commonwealth. (3) The Commonwealth or the authorised person may: (a) sell the product to the country under the agreement; and (b) sell to any person any of the products that are not required for the purpose for which they were made. ## Part 3—Acquisition by and assignments to the Crown #### 106 Acquisition of design by the Commonwealth (1) The Governor‑General may direct that a design disclosed in a design application, or a registered design, be acquired by the Commonwealth. (2) When a direction is given, all rights in respect of the design are, by force of this section, transferred to and vested in the Commonwealth. (3) Notice of the acquisition must be published in the prescribed manner and given to the following: (a) in the case of a design that has not yet been registered—each applicant for registration of the design and each entitled person in relation to the design; (b) in the case of a registered design—the registered owner. (4) The Commonwealth must pay: (a) each entitled person in relation to the design or the registered owner of the design, as the case requires; and (b) all other persons appearing in the Register as having an interest in the design; such compensation as is agreed between the Commonwealth and those persons or, in the absence of agreement, as is determined by a prescribed court. (5) A person may not apply to a prescribed court for a determination under subsection (4) in relation to a design unless a certificate of examination has been issued in relation to the design. #### 107 Assignment of design to the Commonwealth (1) An entitled person in relation to a design or the registered owner of a design may assign to the Commonwealth the person’s interest in the design and in the exclusive rights obtained, or to be obtained, in the design. (2) The assignment and all covenants and agreements contained in the assignment are: (a) valid and effectual even if valuable consideration has not been given; and (b) may be enforced by action or other appropriate proceeding in the name of the Minister. ## Part 4—Prohibition orders #### 108 Prohibition of publication of information about designs (1) The Registrar may, if it appears to the Registrar to be necessary or expedient to do so in the interests of the defence of the Commonwealth, by written order, prohibit or restrict the publication of information about the subject matter of a design application. (2) The Registrar is subject to any directions by the Minister in making an order under subsection (1). (3) If an order is in force under subsection (1) in relation to an application, the application may be dealt with under this Act, but a design disclosed in the application must not be registered. (4) If: (a) an order under subsection (1) has been revoked; and (b) at the date of the revocation of the order, the design would, but for the operation of subsection (3), have been registered; the design must be registered within the prescribed period. (5) Nothing in this Act prevents disclosing information about a design to an Agency or Commonwealth authority for the purpose of obtaining advice as to whether an order under this section should be made, amended or revoked. #### 109 Publication of information about designs (1) A person commits an offence if: (a) the person is subject to an order under subsection 108(1); and (b) the person engages in conduct; and (c) the person’s conduct contravenes the order. Penalty: Imprisonment for 2 years. (2) Subsection (1) does not apply if the person has the Registrar’s written consent. > Note: A defendant bears an evidentiary burden in relation to the matter in subsection (2) (see subsection 13.3(3) of the Criminal Code). (3) In this section, engage in conduct means: (a) to do an act; or (b) omit to do an act. Chapter 9—The Register #### 110 Simplified outline The following is a simplified outline of this Chapter: Chapter 9 deals with the Register of Designs. The Chapter requires the Registrar to keep a Register and enter particular matters in it. The Register is to be available for public inspection. The Register can be amended in specified circumstances. #### 111 Registrar must keep Register (1) The Registrar must keep at the Designs Office a Register of Designs. (2) The following particulars must be entered in the Register in respect of a registered design: (a) the product or products in relation to which the design is registered; (b) the name of each person who is entitled to be entered on the Register as the registered owner of the design; (c) representations of the design; (d) whether or not a certificate of examination has been issued in respect of the design; (e) any other particulars prescribed by the regulations. (3) All documents filed in connection with the registration of particulars mentioned in subsection (2) must be available for inspection at the Designs Office by any person during the hours when it is open for business. #### 112 Register may be kept by computer (1) The Register may be kept wholly or partly by use of a computer. (2) If the Register is kept wholly or partly by use of a computer: (a) references in this Act to an entry in the Register include references to a record of particulars kept by use of the computer and comprising the Register or part of the Register; and (b) references in this Act to particulars being registered, or entered in the Register, include references to the keeping of the record of those particulars as part of the Register by use of the computer; and (c) references in this Act to the amendment, alteration or rectification of the Register include references to the amendment, alteration or rectification of the record of particulars kept by use of the computer and comprising the Register or part of the Register. #### 113 Inspection of Register (1) The Register is to be available for inspection at the Designs Office by any person at the times prescribed by the regulations. (2) If the Register is kept by use of a computer, subsection (1) is taken to be complied with by giving members of the public access to a computer terminal that they can use to inspect particulars that are kept by the use of a computer. #### 114 Amendments of Register to record changes of ownership (1) The registered owner of a registered design who assigns an interest in the design, or an assignee of an interest in a design, may ask the Registrar to record the assignment of the interest in the design. (2) A person who becomes the owner of a registered design by devolution by will or by operation of law may ask the Registrar to record the person’s interest in the design. (3) If a request is made under subsection (1), the Registrar must: (a) notify each other registered owner of the design of the request; and (b) record the assignment; unless any of the other registered owners advises the Registrar, in writing and within the period prescribed by the regulations, that the other registered owner does not consent to the assignment. (4) A request under subsection (1) or (2) must be made in accordance with the regulations. #### 115 Amendments of Register made to give effect to certain decisions If: (a) the Registrar decides to revoke the registration of a design under section 50, 52 or 68; or (b) a court makes an order revoking the registration of a design; the Registrar must make an entry in the Register stating that the registration of the design has been revoked and that the design is taken never to have been registered. #### 116 Reissue of certificates After amending the Register, the Registrar must: (a) issue to the registered owner of the design a new certificate of registration; and (b) publish a notice in the manner prescribed by the regulations, specifying the amendments to the Register; and (c) if appropriate, publish the design. #### 117 Trusts not to be entered in Register Notice of a trust, whether express, implied or constructive, must not be received by the Registrar or entered in the Register. #### 118 Evidentiary provision (1) The Register is prima facie evidence of any particulars entered in it. (2) If the Register is wholly or partly kept by use of a computer, a document issued by the Registrar producing in writing all or any of the particulars comprising the Register, or that part of it, as the case may be, is admissible in any proceedings as prima facie evidence of those particulars. (3) A signed copy of, or signed extract from, the Register is admissible in any proceedings as if it were the original. (3A) This section does not apply in relation to any particulars recorded in the Register in relation to a PPSA security interest. > Note: Certain particulars relating to registrations in respect of PPSA security interests under the Personal Property Securities Act 2009 are admissible in evidence: see section 174 of that Act. (4) In this section: > signed means signed by or on behalf of the Registrar. #### 119 Admissibility of unregistered interests (1) A document or instrument in respect of which an entry has not been made in the Register is not admissible in evidence in a court as proof of title to a design, or an interest in a design, except as follows: (a) in the case of an application under section 120; (b) if the court concerned directs that the document or instrument is admissible. (2) However, subsection (1) does not restrict the admissibility in evidence in a court of a document or instrument in relation to a PPSA security interest. > Note: Certain particulars relating to registrations in respect of PPSA security interests under the Personal Property Securities Act 2009 are admissible in evidence: see section 174 of that Act. #### 120 Rectification of Register (1) A person aggrieved by: (a) the omission of an entry from the Register; or (b) an entry wrongly made in the Register; or (c) an error or defect in an entry in the Register; or (d) an entry wrongly existing in the Register; may apply to a prescribed court for an order to rectify the Register. (2) On hearing an application under subsection (1), the court may: (a) decide any question that it is necessary or expedient to decide in connection with the rectification of the Register; and (b) make an order it thinks fit for the rectification of the Register. (3) The Registrar must be given notice of an application made under subsection (1), and is entitled to appear and be heard in proceedings in relation to the application. (4) If the court makes an order under this section: (a) the court must give a copy of the order to the Registrar; and (b) the Registrar must give effect to the order. (5) A person may not apply to a prescribed court under subsection (1) for rectification of the Register in relation to a design unless a certificate of examination has been issued in relation to the design. Chapter 10—Administration #### 121 Simplified outline The following is a simplified outline of this Chapter: Chapter 10 contains administrative provisions. The offices of Registrar and Deputy Registrar of Designs are established by this Chapter. The Designs Office is also established. #### 122 Registrar (1) There is to be a Registrar of Designs. (2) The Registrar has such powers and functions as are conferred by this Act or any other Act. #### 123 Deputy Registrars (1) There is to be at least one Deputy Registrar of Designs. (2) Subject to any direction by the Registrar, a Deputy Registrar has all the powers and functions of the Registrar under this Act or any other Act, except the Registrar’s powers of delegation under section 124. (3) A power or function of the Registrar under this Act or any other Act, when exercised or performed by a Deputy Registrar, is to be taken for the purposes of this Act or any other Act to have been exercised or performed by the Registrar. (4) The exercise of a power, or function, of the Registrar under this Act or any other Act by a Deputy Registrar does not prevent the exercise of the power, or the performance of the function, by the Registrar. (5) If the exercise of a power or function by the Registrar, or the operation of a provision of this Act or any other Act, depends on the opinion, belief or state of mind of the Registrar in relation to a matter: (a) that power or function may be exercised by a Deputy Registrar upon the opinion, belief or state of mind of the Deputy Registrar in relation to that matter; and (b) that provision may operate upon the opinion, belief or state of mind of a Deputy Registrar in relation to that matter. #### 124 Delegation by Registrar (1) The Registrar may, by written instrument signed by the Registrar, delegate all or any of the Registrar’s powers or functions under this Act, the regulations or any other Act to a prescribed employee, or a prescribed class of employees. (2) A delegate must, if so required by the instrument of delegation, exercise or perform a delegated power or function under the direction or supervision of the Registrar or an employee specified in the instrument. #### 125 Designs Office (1) There is to be a Designs Office. (2) The Registrar may establish one or more sub‑offices of the Designs Office as the Registrar considers appropriate. (3) The Registrar may abolish any such sub‑offices. #### 126 Seal of Designs Office (1) There is to be a seal of the Designs Office and impressions of the seal must be judicially noticed. (2) The seal of the Designs Office may be kept and used in electronic form. #### 127 Registrar’s Powers (1) The Registrar may, for the purposes of this Act: (a) summon witnesses; and (b) receive written or oral evidence on oath or affirmation; and (c) require the production of documents or articles; and (d) award costs against a party to proceedings before him or her. (2) The Registrar may protect the confidential status of documents or articles produced in confidence under paragraph (1)(c). #### 128 Recovery of costs Costs awarded by the Registrar against a party are recoverable as a debt. Chapter 11—Miscellaneous ## Part 1—Simplified outline of Chapter 11 #### 129 Simplified outline The following is a simplified outline of this Chapter: Chapter 11 contains miscellaneous matters. Part 2 deals with fees. Part 3 contains offence provisions. Part 3A deals with computerised decision‑making. Part 4 sets out decisions that are reviewable by the Administrative Review Tribunal. Part 4A lets an act be done after the period otherwise provided for doing the act if that period ends on a day when the Designs Office or a sub‑office is not open for business. Part 5 gives the Registrar the power to extend the time within which specified things must be done. Part 6 sets out regulation‑making powers and other provisions dealing with miscellaneous matters. ## Part 2—Fees #### 130 Fees (1) The regulations may prescribe the fees to be paid for the purposes of this Act or the regulations. (2) Without limiting subsection (1), the regulations may prescribe different fees, in respect of the doing of an act or the filing of a document, according to when the act is done or the document is filed. (2A) Without limiting subsection (1), different fees may be prescribed for filing a document with the Designs Office according to the means by which the document is filed. (2B) Without limiting subsection (1), different amounts of a fee may be prescribed according to the means by which the fee is paid. Means of paying fee (2C) A fee must be paid by a means determined in an instrument under subsection 130A(1). Fees payable in accordance with the regulations (3) The prescribed fees are payable in accordance with the regulations. Consequences of failure to pay fee (4) The regulations may provide for the consequences of failing to pay a fee in accordance with the regulations. (5) In particular, the regulations may provide that, for the purposes of this Act or the regulations: (a) an act is not to be done, or is taken not to have been done, if the fee for doing the act is not paid in accordance with the regulations; or (b) a document is not filed, or is taken not to have been filed, if the fee for filing the document is not paid in accordance with the regulations; or (c) an application for registration of a design lapses, or is taken to have lapsed, if a fee relating to the application is not paid in accordance with the regulations. (6) Subsection (5) does not limit subsection (4). #### 130A Approved means of paying a fee (1) For the purposes of subsection 130(2C), the Registrar may, by writing, determine one or more means for paying a fee. (2) The means may be an electronic means or any other means. (3) The Registrar must publish a notice, in accordance with the regulations, setting out the determination. (4) The Registrar may, in a determination under subsection (1), specify that one or more means for paying a fee are preferred means. > Note: Under the regulations, the amount of a fee may be reduced for paying the fee by preferred means. (5) A determination under subsection (1) is not a legislative instrument. ## Part 3—Offences #### 131 False entries in Register (1) A person commits an offence if: (a) the person makes an entry, or causes an entry to be made, in the Register; and (b) the person knows, or is reckless as to whether, the entry is false. Penalty: Imprisonment for 12 months. (2) A person commits an offence if: (a) the person tenders a document in evidence; and (b) the person knows that, or is reckless as to whether, the document falsely purports to be a copy of or extract from an entry in the Register. Penalty for contravention of this subsection: Imprisonment for 12 months. #### 132 False representation that a design is registered (1) A person commits an offence if: (a) the person represents that a design is registered; and (b) the person knows, or is reckless as to whether, the representation is false. Penalty: 60 penalty units. (2) A person commits an offence if the person: (a) represents that the person, or another person, is the registered owner of a registered design; and (b) knows that the design is not registered, or is reckless as to whether the representation is false. Penalty: 60 penalty units. (3) A person commits an offence if: (a) the person sells a product which embodies a design; and (b) the product has stamped, engraved, impressed upon or otherwise applied to it the words “registered in Australia”, “design registered in Australia”, or other words, expressing or implying that the design is registered; and (c) the person knows the design is not registered, or is reckless as to whether the design is registered. Penalty: 60 penalty units. (4) Strict liability applies to paragraph (3)(b). #### 133 False representations about the Designs Office (1) A person commits an offence if: (a) the person: (i) places, or allows to be placed, words on the building in which the person’s office or business is situated; or (ii) uses words when advertising the person’s office or business; or (iii) places words on a document, as a description of the person’s office or business; or (iv) otherwise uses words in connection with the person’s office or business; and (b) the words are “Office for registering designs”, or other words, that would lead a reasonable person to believe that the office or business is, or is officially connected with, the Designs Office; and (c) the person knows or is reckless as to whether the person’s office or business is, or is connected with, the Designs Office. Penalty: 30 penalty units. (2) Strict liability applies to paragraph (1)(b). #### 134 Failure to comply with requirements of Registrar (1) A person commits an offence if: (a) the person is subject to a requirement to: (i) appear as a witness before the Registrar, having been offered reasonable expenses to appear; or (ii) answer a question put by the Registrar; or (iii) produce a document or article to the Registrar; or (iv) be sworn or make an affirmation in proceedings before the Registrar; and (b) the person engages in conduct; and (c) the person knows or is reckless as to whether the person’s conduct contravenes the requirement. Penalty: 30 penalty units. (2) Subsection (1) does not apply if the person has a lawful excuse. > Note: A defendant bears an evidential burden in relation to the matter in subsection (2) (see subsection 13.3(3) of the Criminal Code). (3) A person is excused from the requirements of paragraph (1)(a) if those requirements might tend to incriminate the person or expose the person to a penalty. > Note: A defendant bears an evidential burden in relation to the matter in subsection (3) (see subsection 13.3(3) of the Criminal Code). (4) In this section: > engage in conduct means: (a) do an act; or (b) omit to do an act. #### 135 Officers not to traffic etc. in designs (1) The Registrar, a Deputy Registrar or an employee commits an offence if he or she sells, acquires or traffics in: (a) a registered design, whether granted in Australia or anywhere else; or (b) a right to, or licence under, a registered design, whether granted in Australia or anywhere else. Penalty: 60 penalty units. (2) A purchase, sale, acquisition, assignment or transfer made or entered into in contravention of this section is void. (3) This section does not apply to the registered owner of the design or to an acquisition by devolution by will or by operation of law. > Note: A defendant bears an evidential burden in relation to the matter in subsection (3) (see subsection 13.3(3) of the Criminal Code). ## Part 3A—Computerised decision‑making #### 135A Computerised decision‑making (1) The Registrar may arrange for the use, under the Registrar’s control, of computer programs for any purposes for which the Registrar may, or must, under this Act or the regulations: (a) make a decision; or (b) exercise any power or comply with any obligation; or (c) do anything else related to making a decision to which paragraph (a) applies or related to exercising a power, or complying with an obligation, to which paragraph (b) applies. (2) For the purposes of this Act and the regulations, the Registrar is taken to have: (a) made a decision; or (b) exercised a power or complied with an obligation; or (c) done something else related to the making of a decision or the exercise of a power or the compliance with an obligation; that was made, exercised, complied with or done by the operation of a computer program under an arrangement made under subsection (1). Substituted decisions (3) The Registrar may substitute a decision for a decision the Registrar is taken to have made under paragraph (2)(a) if the Registrar is satisfied that the decision made by the operation of the computer program is incorrect. ## Part 4—Review of the Registrar’s decisions #### 136 Review by Administrative Review Tribunal (1) A person may apply to the Administrative Review Tribunal for review of a decision of the Registrar: (a) to refuse an application that does not meet the minimum filing requirements under subsection 24(2); or (b) to make or refuse to make a determination under section 29; or (c) to refuse an application under section 30 for a design application to proceed in the person’s name; or (d) to refuse to register a design under section 43; or (f) to prohibit or restrict the publication of information about the subject matter of a design application under section 108; or (g) to refuse an application under section 137 for an extension of time. (1A) If: (a) the Registrar is taken to have made a decision (the initial decision) under paragraph 135A(2)(a); and (b) under subsection (1) of this section, a person may apply to the Administrative Review Tribunal for review of the initial decision; and (c) the Registrar, under subsection 135A(3), substitutes a decision for the initial decision; a person may apply to the Administrative Review Tribunal for review of the substituted decision. (2) If, under subsection (1) or (1A), a person may apply to the Administrative Review Tribunal for review of a decision and a written notice of the decision is given to a person whose interests are affected by the decision, the notice must include a statement to the effect that an application may be made to the Administrative Review Tribunal under the Administrative Review Tribunal Act 2024 for review of the decision. (3) Failure to comply with subsection (2) in relation to a decision does not affect the validity of the decision. (4) In this section: > decision has the same meaning as in the Administrative Review Tribunal Act 2024. ## Part 4A—Doing act after end of period otherwise provided for doing it #### 136A Doing act when Designs Office reopens after end of period otherwise provided for doing act (1) If the last day of a period provided by this Act (except this section) or the regulations for doing an act is a day when the Designs Office, or a sub‑office of the Designs Office (if any), is not open for business, the act may be done in prescribed circumstances on the next day when the office or sub‑office is open for business. (2) For the purposes of this section, the Designs Office, or a sub‑office of the Designs Office (if any), is taken not to be open for business on a day: (a) declared by regulations to be a day on which the office or sub‑office is not open for business; or (b) declared, by a prescribed person in writing published in the prescribed way, to be a day on which the office or sub‑office is not open for business. Declarations (3) A declaration mentioned in paragraph (2)(a) or (b) may identify the day by reference to its being declared a public holiday by or under a law of a State or Territory. This does not limit the way the declaration may identify the day. (4) A declaration mentioned in paragraph (2)(b): (a) may be made before, on or after the day; and (b) is not a legislative instrument. Relationship with other law (5) This section has effect despite the rest of this Act. (6) Subsection 36(2) of the Acts Interpretation Act 1901 does not apply in relation to the act mentioned in subsection (1) of this section. Exception for prescribed act (7) This section does not apply to a prescribed act. > Note: Subsection 36(2) of the Acts Interpretation Act 1901 is relevant to a prescribed act. ## Part 5—Extensions of time #### 137 Extensions of time (1) The Registrar must extend the time for doing a relevant act that is required to be done within a certain time if the act is not, or cannot be, done within that time because of an error or omission by: (a) the Registrar or a Deputy Registrar; or (b) a person employed in the Designs Office; or (c) a person providing, or proposing to provide, services for the benefit of the Designs Office. (2) The Registrar may, on application by a person concerned in accordance with the regulations, extend the time for doing a relevant act if, because of: (a) an error or omission by the person, or by the person’s agent; or (b) circumstances beyond the control of the person; the relevant act that is required to be done within a certain time is not, or cannot be, done within that time. (3) The time for doing a relevant act may be extended, whether before or after that time has expired. (4) The Registrar must advertise an application for an extension of time of more than 3 months in the manner prescribed by the regulations. (5) Subject to subsection (6), a person may, as prescribed, oppose the granting of the application. (6) If the Registrar is satisfied that an application under subsection (2) would not be granted, even in the absence of opposition under subsection (5): (a) the Registrar need not advertise the application in accordance with subsection (4); and (b) the application cannot be opposed; and (c) the Registrar must refuse the application. (7) In this section: > relevant act means an action (other than a prescribed action) in relation to: (a) a registered design; or (b) an application for registration of a design; or (c) any proceedings under this Act (other than court proceedings). #### 138 Consequences of extension (1) If: (a) a design application lapses, or the registration of a design ceases to be in force because of a failure to do a relevant act (within the meaning of section 137); and (b) the time for doing the act is extended; the application or registration must be treated as having been restored on the day on which the extension is granted. (2) If an application or registration is restored under subsection (1), the Registrar must: (a) notify the applicant or registered owner that the application or registration has been restored; and (b) publish a notice in the manner prescribed by the regulations that the application or registration has been restored. #### 139 Protection of third parties (1) This section applies if the registration of a design ceases to be in force because of a failure to do a relevant act (within the meaning of section 137) and is subsequently restored under section 138. (2) A person who took definite steps to use the design commercially after the registration of the design ceased to be in force but before the registration is restored may: (a) continue to use the design after the registration is restored; or (b) sell the right to use the design to another person. (3) However, the person must not grant a licence to another person to use the design. (4) A person who purchases a right under paragraph (2)(b) must not sell to another person the right to use the design or grant a licence to another person to use the design. (5) A person who continues to use a design because of paragraph (2)(a) or used the design after purchasing it as mentioned in subsection (4) does not infringe the registered design. #### 140 Infringement proceedings Infringement proceedings cannot be brought in respect of an infringement committed: (a) between the day on which the registration of the design ceases to be in force and the day on which it is restored; or (b) between the day on which the design application lapses and the day on which it is restored. ## Part 6—Other #### 141 Powers of agents An agent may do any act in connection with the registration of designs, on behalf of any other person. #### 142 Right of lien of registered patent attorney and registered trade marks attorney The regulations may provide that a registered patent attorney or a registered trade marks attorney has, in relation to documents and property of a client in a matter relating to designs, the same right of lien that a solicitor has in relation to the documents and property of a client. #### 143 Revocation of registration does not affect court decisions and things done under contracts before revocation The revocation of the registration of a design does not affect the operation of a court decision made before the revocation, or things done under a contract before the revocation. #### 144 Filing of documents For the purposes of this Act and the regulations, a document may be filed with the Designs Office by a means determined in an instrument under subsection 144A(1). #### 144A Approved means of filing documents (1) For the purposes of section 144, the Registrar may, by writing, determine one or more means for filing a document with the Designs Office. (2) The means may be an electronic means or any other means. (3) The Registrar must publish a notice, in accordance with the regulations, setting out the determination. (4) The Registrar may, in a determination under subsection (1), specify that one or more means for filing a document with the Designs Office are preferred means. > Note: Under the regulations, reduced fees may be payable for filing a document by preferred means. (5) A determination under subsection (1) is not a legislative instrument. #### 144B Directions by Registrar for filing of documents (1) The Registrar may, by writing, give a direction specifying the form in which a document is to be filed under this Act or the regulations. > Note: See also paragraph 149(2)(aa) (about regulations). (3) The Registrar must publish a notice, in accordance with the regulations, setting out the direction. (4) A direction under subsection (1) is not a legislative instrument. #### 144C Directions by Registrar for filing of evidence (1) The Registrar may, by writing, give a direction in relation to the filing of evidence in connection with a matter arising under this Act or the regulations. > Note: See also paragraph 149(2)(ab) (about regulations). (2) Without limiting subsection (1), a direction under that subsection may relate to the following: (a) the number of copies of evidence to be filed; (b) the form in which evidence is to be filed (including the circumstances in which physical articles, other than documents, are or are not permitted to be filed); (c) the means by which evidence is to be filed. (3) Without limiting paragraph (2)(b), a direction under subsection (1) may require that evidence in writing be in the form of a declaration. (4) This section does not apply in relation to the provision of material under section 69 (about material relating to whether a registered design is new or distinctive). (5) The Registrar must publish a notice, in accordance with the regulations, setting out a direction under subsection (1). (6) A direction under subsection (1) is not a legislative instrument. #### 144D Notifications by Registrar under this Act or regulations (1) If under this Act or the regulations the Registrar is required or permitted: (a) to notify a person of a matter; or (b) to notify a person that the person is required to do a thing; the Registrar may so notify the person by any means of communication (including by electronic means). > Note: Section 145 deals with the service etc. of documents on a person. (2) However, the notification must be by a means of communication such that the content of the notification is readily accessible so as to be usable for subsequent reference. #### 145 Service of documents (1) Where this Act provides for a document to be served on, or given or sent to, a person and the person has given the Registrar an address in Australia or New Zealand for service of documents, the document may be served on, or given or sent to, the person by a prescribed means to that address. (2) After the time specified in the regulations, a reference in this section to an address includes a reference to an electronic address. (3) The time specified under subsection (2) must be later than the day on which the regulations are registered under the Legislation Act 2003. (4) For the purposes of this section, the question of whether an electronic address is in Australia is to be determined in accordance with the regulations. (5) For the purposes of this section, the question of whether an electronic address is in New Zealand is to be determined in accordance with the regulations. #### 146 Death of applicant before application determined If an applicant for registration of a design dies before the application is determined, the person’s legal representative may proceed with the application. #### 147 Death of person after design registered (1) This section applies if, at any time after a design is registered, the Registrar is satisfied that the registered owner had died (or, in the case of a body corporate, had ceased to exist) before the design was registered. (2) The Registrar may amend the Register by substituting for the name of the registered owner the name of the person who should have been entered in the Register as the registered owner. (3) An amendment by the Registrar under this section has effect, and is to be taken always to have had effect, accordingly. #### 148 Exercise of discretionary power by Registrar The Registrar must not exercise a discretionary power under this Act adversely to a person without giving that person an opportunity to be heard. #### 149 Regulations (1) The Governor‑General may make regulations prescribing matters: (a) required or permitted to be prescribed; and (b) necessary or convenient to be prescribed for carrying out or giving effect to this Act; and (c) necessary or convenient for the conduct of any business relating to the Designs Office. (2) Without limiting subsection (1), that subsection includes the power to make regulations: (aa) making provision for and in relation to the following: (i) the requirements for filing a document under this Act or the regulations (including the requirement that the document must be in the form (if any) specified in a direction under section 144B); (ii) the consequences of a document not being in accordance with an approved form or not complying with the requirements referred to in subparagraph (i); and (ab) making provision for and in relation to the consequences of not complying with a direction under section 144C; and (a) requiring persons to give statutory declarations in relation to applications under the Act or regulations, or in relation to proceedings under the Act (other than court proceedings); and (b) making provision for and in relation to the making of a declaration, or the doing of an act, under this Act on behalf of a person who, because of infancy or physical or mental disability, is unable to make the declaration or do the act; and (c) providing for the refund, in the whole or part of a fee paid under the Act; and (d) providing for the waiver, in whole or part, of a fee that would otherwise be payable under the Act; and (e) making provision for and in relation to the amendment of an entry in the Register to correct a clerical error or an obvious mistake, or for any other purpose; and (f) empowering the Registrar to require a person to inform the Registrar, within the period prescribed by the regulations, whether or not the person wishes to be heard for the purposes of a provision of the Act; and (g) empowering the Registrar to require a person who wishes to be heard for the purposes of a provision of the Act to appear on a day, and at a place and time, specified by the Registrar; and (h) providing for the contents of design applications in which one or more designs are disclosed, including, but not limited to, requirements as to common ownership of the designs; and (i) empowering the Registrar to direct an applicant for registration of a design to do such things as are necessary to ensure that the application is in accordance with the requirements of the regulations for filing and: (i) providing for the lapsing of the application if such a direction is not complied with within the period specified in the regulations; and (ii) providing for the restoration of an application that has so lapsed; and (j) providing for appeals against decisions of the Registrar made under the regulations; and (k) making provision for and in relation to the practice and procedure of prescribed courts in proceedings under this Act, including provision prescribing the time within which any proceeding may be started or anything else may be done, and providing for the extension of any such time; and (l) making transitional or consequential provisions as necessary or convenient because of the repeal of the Designs Act 1906 and the enactment of this Act; and (m) provide for regulations under the Designs Act 1906 to continue to have effect (with any prescribed alterations) for specified purposes of this Act; and (n) providing for things to be done for the purposes of this Act or the regulations by means of electronic equipment or communication; and (o) empowering the Registrar to prepare, publish and sell such documents relating to designs as the Registrar thinks fit. (3) Despite the repeal of the Designs Act 1906 by this Act, regulations made under paragraph (2)(l) may provide for the continued operation of specified provisions of the Designs Act 1906 in relation to prescribed persons or matters, or in prescribed circumstances. #### 149A Instrument determining formal requirements for design applications etc. (1) The Registrar may, by written instrument, determine formal requirements for the purposes of the following: (a) paragraphs 39(2)(aa) and 40(2)(ca); (b) a provision of the regulations, if that provision refers to this section. (2) The Registrar must publish a notice, in accordance with the regulations, setting out the determination. (3) A determination under subsection (1) is not a legislative instrument. Chapter 12—Repeal, transitional and saving provisions ## Part 1—Repeal of Designs Act 1906 #### 150 Repeal The Designs Act 1906 is repealed. ## Part 2—Transitional and saving provisions #### 151 Application of this Act to certain designs (1) This section applies to the following designs: (a) a design registered under the old Act immediately before the commencing day; (b) a design registered after the commencing day as a result of a design application to which the old Act continued to apply because of section 153. (2) The design: (a) is taken to be registered under this Act: (i) in the case of a design mentioned in paragraph (1)(a)—on and from the commencing day; and (ii) in the case of a design mentioned in paragraph (1)(b)—on and from the day on which the design was registered; and (b) is taken to have been examined by the Registrar under Part 3 of Chapter 5 and a certificate of examination is taken to have been issued under section 67. (3) However, despite subsection (2): (a) the old Act continues to apply for the purposes of determining the validity of the registration of the design; and (b) this Act does not apply for the purposes of determining the validity of the registration of the design; and (c) the design must not be examined under Chapter 5. #### 152 Term of registration of certain designs Despite section 151: (a) the term of registration of a design to which that section applies ceases to be in force on the day on which it would have ceased to be in force under the old Act if the old Act had not been repealed; and (b) section 27A of the old Act continues to apply to the design as if the old Act had not been repealed. #### 153 Applications made before commencing day (1) The old Act continues to apply to an application made under the old Act before the commencing day as if the old Act had not been repealed, unless a conversion request is made under section 159 in respect of the application. (2) However, an application for an extension of time in relation to an application mentioned in subsection (1) must be made under section 137 of this Act. (3) If, after dealing with an application under the old Act, the Registrar is required to register the design to which the application relates, the Registrar must comply with section 45 of this Act in relation to the registration of the design. #### 154 Other applications and proceedings (1) This Act applies, on and after the commencing day, to any application, request, action or proceeding made or started under the old Act and not finally dealt with under that Act before that day as if the application, request, action or proceeding had been made or started under a corresponding provision of this Act. (2) Subsection (1) does not apply to: (a) an application to which the old Act continues to apply under section 153; or (b) a proceeding to which the old Act continues to apply under section 155. > Note: Section 152 deals with the application of section 27A of the old Act. #### 155 Pending proceedings (1) If proceedings arising from an application to a court under the old Act were pending immediately before the commencing day, the matter is to be decided as if the old Act had not been repealed. (2) However, any order made by a court in relation to rectification must relate to the Register under this Act. #### 156 Infringement under old Act (1) This section applies to the following designs: (a) a design that was at any time registered under the old Act and had not been expunged from the Register under the old Act (whether or not the design is a design to which section 151 applies); and (b) a design that was registered after the commencing day as a result of an application to which the old Act applied because of section 153. (2) If: (a) either of the following applies: (i) a person engages, before the commencing day, in conduct that infringed the monopoly in the design under the old Act; (ii) a person engages, after the commencing day, in conduct that would have infringed the monopoly in the design under the old Act if that Act were still in force; and (b) an action relating to that infringement was not pending immediately before the commencing day; an action may be brought under this Act for infringement of the design. (3) However, in an action under subsection (2): (a) the old Act continues to apply for the purposes of determining whether the person’s conduct infringed the monopoly in the design; and (b) this Act does not apply for the purposes of determining whether the person’s conduct infringed the monopoly in the design; and (c) a person is not entitled to any injunction or other relief to which the person would not have been entitled under the old Act. (4) Subsection (2) is subject to any law with respect to the time period within which an action of a kind mentioned in that subsection may be started. #### 157 Registrar and Deputy Registrar A person who held office as the Registrar, or as a Deputy Registrar, under the old Act immediately before the commencing day continues to hold office as the Registrar or Deputy Registrar (as the case requires) under this Act on and after that day. #### 158 The Register On and after the commencing day, the Register within the meaning of the old Act is taken to be the Register within the meaning of this Act. #### 159 Conversion of transitional applications (1) A person who has made a transitional application may request that the transitional application be treated as a converted application. This is a conversion request. (2) A conversion request must be: (a) made before the end of the prescribed period; and (b) in writing and filed; and (c) made in accordance with any requirements prescribed by the regulations. (3) If a conversion request is made in respect of a transitional application, nothing that has been done under the old Act in relation to the application before the request was made is taken to constitute an examination under Chapter 5. (4) If a conversion request is made in respect of a transitional application, the application is taken to be a converted application from the date of the conversion request. #### 160 Effect of a converted application (1) A converted application is taken to be an application made under this Act, subject to the modifications set out in this section. (2) The filing date of a converted application is taken under section 26 of this Act to be the filing date of the transitional application. (3) The priority date of a design disclosed in a converted application is taken under section 27 of this Act to be the same priority date as it had under the transitional application. (4) A converted application is taken to meet the minimum filing requirements mentioned in subsection 21(2) of this Act. (5) A converted application is taken to include a request under section 35 of this Act for registration of each of the designs disclosed in the converted application. (6) The term of registration of a design disclosed in a converted application is taken under section 46 of this Act to start from the date of the conversion request under subsection 159(1). (7) An amendment requested under section 22B of the old Act in relation to a transitional application to which a converted application relates is taken to be an amendment requested under section 28 of this Act. (8) If: (a) a converted application is amended under section 28 of this Act to exclude one or more of the designs disclosed in the converted application; and (b) the applicant files a design application under section 23 of this Act in respect of one or more of the excluded designs; the term of registration of the excluded designs starts from the date of the conversion request under subsection 159(1). #### 160A Approvals under subsection 40A(6) of old Act An approval that was in force under subsection 40A(6) of the old Act immediately before the commencing day has effect on and after that day as if it were an approval under subsection 99(2) of this Act. #### 161 Definitions In this Chapter: > commencing day means the day on which this section commences. > old Act means the Designs Act 1906. > transitional application means an application for registration of a design that: (a) is made under the old Act before the commencing day; and (b) is not a lapsed application; and (c) is not in relation to a design that has been registered or refused registration.