Part 4Miscellaneous 7

Part 4—Miscellaneous 7 1.14 Exercise of power 7 1.15 Procedure wanting or in doubt 7 1.16 Act by corporation 8 1.17 Corporation a party 8 1.18 Power to act by solicitor 8 1.19 Continuation of address for service 9 Order 2—Non-compliance with the Rules 10 2.01 Effect of non-compliance 10 2.02 Originating process 10 2.03 Application to set aside for irregularity 10 2.04 Dispensing with compliance 11 Order 3—Time, sittings and Court office 12 3.01 Calculating time 12 3.02 Extension and abridgement 12 3.03 Fixing time 13 3.04 Process in vacation 13 3.05 Time for service 13 3.06 Proceedings after a year 13 3.07 Sittings and vacation 14 3.08 Office 14 3.09 Office hours 14 Order 4—Process in the Court 15 Part 1—General 15 4.01 How proceeding commenced 15 4.02 Interlocutory application 15 4.03 Names of parties 15 4.04 When writ required 16 4.05 When originating motion required 16 4.06 Optional commencement by originating motion 16 4.07 Continuation as writ of proceeding by originating motion 16 4.08 Urgent case 17 Part 2—Certification requirements for proceedings 17 4.09 Overarching obligations certification 17 4.09.1 Certification of prior overarching obligations certification 17 4.10 Proper basis certification 18 4.12 Making of certification 18 Order 5—Content, filing and duration of originating process 19 5.01 Definition 19 5.02 Form of originating process 19 5.03 Appearance 19 5.04 Indorsement of claim on writ 19 5.05 Indorsement of claim on motion 20 5.06 Indorsement as to capacity 20 5.07 Address of parties 20 5.08 Place and mode of trial 21 5.09 Stay on payment of costs 21 5.11 Filing of originating process 22 5.12 Duration and renewal of originating process 23 Order 6—Service 25 6.01 When personal service necessary 25 6.02 Personal service of originating process 25 6.03 How personal service effected 25 6.04 Service on particular defendants 26 6.05 Motor car or accidental death or bodily injury 27 6.06 Address for service 28 6.06.1 Solicitor changing address 28 6.06.2 Email address for service 29 6.06.3 Party changing email address for service 29 6.07 How ordinary service effected 29 6.08 Identity of person served 33 6.09 Acceptance of service by solicitor 33 6.10 Substituted service 33 6.11 Confirmation of informal service 34 6.12 Service by filing 34 6.13 Service on agent 34 6.14 Service under contract 35 6.15 Recovery of vacant land 35 6.16 Service of notice by the Court 36 6.17 Affidavit of service 36 Order 7—Service out of Australia 37 Part 1—Service out of Australia 37 7.01 Part does not apply to service in New Zealand of documents for or in certain Trans-Tasman proceedings 37 7.02 When allowed without leave 37 7.03 When allowed with leave 41 7.04 Court's discretion whether to assume jurisdiction 42 7.05 Notice to person served out of Australia 43 7.06 Time for filing appearance 43 7.07 Leave to proceed where no appearance by person 43 7.08 Service of other documents out of Australia 43 7.09 Mode of service 44 Part 2—Service in foreign country 44 7.09.1 Application 44 7.10 Documents required 44 7.11 Translation 45 7.12 Request and undertaking 45 7.13 Procedure on lodgment and filing 46 7.14 Evidence of service 46 7.15 Order for payment of expenses 46 Order 7A—Trans-Tasman proceedings 48 7A.01 Definitions 48 7A.02 Application of Order 48 7A.03 Commencement of proceeding for order under Trans‑Tasman Proceedings Act 49 7A.04 Interlocutory application under Trans‑Tasman Proceedings Act 49 7A.05 Application for interim relief 49 7A.06 Application for leave to serve subpoena in New Zealand 50 7A.07 Form of subpoena 52 7A.08 Application to set aside subpoena 52 7A.09 Application for issue of certificate of non‑compliance with subpoena 52 7A.10 Form of certificate of non-compliance 53 7A.11 Application for registration of NZ judgment 53 7A.12 Notice of registration of NZ judgment 54 7A.13 Application for extension of time to give notice of registration of NZ judgment 54 7A.14 Application to set aside registration of NZ judgment 55 7A.15 Application for stay of enforcement of registered NZ judgment to enable liable person to appeal 55 7A.16 Application for extension of time to apply for stay of enforcement of registered NZ judgment to enable liable person to appeal 56 7A.17 Application for order for use of audio link or audiovisual link 56 Order 8—Appearance 57 8.01 Application 57 8.02 Appearance before taking step 57 8.03 Who to file appearance 57 8.04 Time for appearance 57 8.05 Mode of filing appearance 58 8.06 Address for service of defendant 58 8.07 Late appearance 60 8.08 Conditional appearance 60 8.09 Setting aside writ or originating motion 60 Order 9—Joinder of claims and parties 61 9.01 Joinder of claims 61 9.02 Permissive joinder of parties 61 9.03 Joinder of necessary parties 61 9.04 Joinder inconvenient 62 9.05 Effect of misjoinder or non-joinder of party 62 9.06 Addition, removal, substitution of party 63 9.07 Procedure for addition of party 63 9.08 Defendant dead at commencement of proceeding 64 9.09 Change of party on death, bankruptcy 66 9.10 Failure to proceed after death of party 67 9.11 Amendment of proceedings after change of party 68 9.12 Consolidation or trial together 69 9.13 Conduct of proceeding 70 Order 10—Counterclaim 71 10.01 Application of Order 71 10.02 When counterclaim allowed 71 10.03 Counterclaim against plaintiff and another person 71 10.04 Procedure after counterclaim against another person 71 10.05 Trial of counterclaim 73 10.06 Counterclaim inconvenient 73 10.07 Stay of claim 73 10.08 Counterclaim on stay etc. of original proceeding 73 10.09 Judgment for balance 74 Order 11—Third party procedure 75 11.01 Claim by third party notice 75 11.02 Statement of claim on third party notice 75 11.03 Time for appearance 75 11.04 Filing and service of third party notice 76 11.05 Time for third party notice 76 11.06 Leave to file third party notice 76 11.07 Other requirements for service 77 11.08 Appearance by third party 78 11.09 Defence of third party 78 11.10 Counterclaim by third party 79 11.11 Default by third party 79 11.12 Discovery and trial 80 11.13 Third party directions 81 11.14 Judgment between defendant and third party 82 11.15 Claim against another party 82 11.16 Fourth and subsequent parties 83 11.17 Counterclaim 83 Order 12—Interpleader 84 12.01 Definitions 84 12.02 Stakeholder's interpleader 84 12.03 Sheriff's interpleader 85 12.04 Sheriff's summons to state claim 85 12.05 Notice to execution creditor 86 12.06 Admission of claim 86 12.07 Interpleader summons 87 12.08 Powers of Court 87 12.09 Default by claimant 88 12.10 Neutrality of applicant 89 12.11 Order in several proceedings 89 12.12 Trial of interpleader question 89 Order 13—Pleadings 91 13.01 Formal requirements 91 13.02 Content of pleading 91 13.03 Document or conversation 92 13.04 Fact presumed true 92 13.05 Condition precedent 92 13.06 Implied contract or relation 92 13.07 Matter which must be pleaded 92 13.08 Subsequent fact 93 13.09 Inconsistent pleading 93 13.10 Particulars of pleading 94 13.11 Order for particulars 95 13.12 Admission and denials 95 13.13 Denial by joinder of issue 96 13.14 Money claim as defence 96 13.15 Counterclaim 97 Order 14—Service of pleadings 98 14.01 Statement of claim indorsed on writ 98 14.02 Statement of claim not indorsed on writ 98 14.03 Alteration of claim as indorsed on writ 98 14.04 Service of defence 98 14.05 Reply 99 14.06 Pleading after reply 99 14.07 Defence to counterclaim 99 14.08 Close of pleadings 99 14.09 Order as to pleadings 100 14.10 Filing of pleadings 100 Order 15—Persons under disability 101 15.01 Definitions 101 15.02 Litigation guardian of person under disability 101 15.03 Appointment of litigation guardian 101 15.04 No appearance by person under disability 103 15.05 Application to set aside or vary certain orders 103 15.06 Pleading admission by person under disability 103 15.07 Discovery 104 15.08 Compromise of claim by a person under disability 104 15.09 Execution against money in court 105 15.10 Counterclaim and claim by third party notice 106 Order 16—Executors, administrators and trustees 107 16.01 Representation of unascertained persons 107 16.02 Beneficiaries 108 16.03 Deceased person 109 Order 17—Partners and sole proprietors 110 17.01 Partners 110 17.02 Disclosure of partners 110 17.03 Service of originating process 111 17.04 Appearance by partners 111 17.05 No appearance except by partners 112 17.06 Appearance under objection of person sued as partner 112 17.07 Enforcement of judgment 113 17.08 Enforcement between partners 114 17.09 Attachment of debts 114 17.10 Person using the business name 115 17.11 Charge on partner's interest 115 Order 18—Representative proceeding 116 18.01 Application 116 18.02 Proceeding by or against representative 116 18.03 Order for representation by defendant 116 18.04 Effect of judgment 116 Order 19—Notice of constitutional matter 118 19.01 Definitions 118 19.02 Notice 118 19.03 Filing and service 118 Order 20—Change of solicitor 120 20.01 Notice of change 120 20.02 Party appointing solicitor 120 20.03 Solicitor ceasing to act 120 20.04 Removal of solicitor from record 121 20.05 Address for service 122 20.06 Death, retirement etc., of Victorian Government Solicitor or Australian Government Solicitor 123 Order 21—Judgment in default of appearance or pleading 124 21.01 Default of appearance 124 21.02 Default of defence 124 21.03 Judgment for recovery of debt, damages or property 125 21.04 Judgment other than for recovery for debt, damages or property 127 21.05 Proceeding continued against other defendants 127 21.06 Default of defence to counterclaim 128 21.07 Setting aside judgment 128 Order 22—Summary judgment 129 Part 1—General 129 22.01 Scope of Order 129 22.02 Interpretation 129 Part 2—Application by plaintiff for summary judgment 129 22.03 Application by plaintiff for judgment 129 22.04 Summons and affidavit in support 129 22.05 Defendant to show cause 130 22.06 Affidavit in reply 131 22.07 Cross-examination on affidavit 131 22.08 Hearing of application 131 22.09 Assessment of damages 132 22.10 Judgment where debt amount unascertained 132 22.11 Directions 133 22.12 Continuing for other claim or against other defendant 133 22.13 Judgment for delivery up of chattel 133 22.14 Relief against forfeiture 134 22.15 Setting aside judgment 134 Part 3—Application by defendant for summary judgment 134 22.16 Application by defendant for judgment 134 22.17 Summons 134 22.18 Affidavit in support 134 22.19 Plaintiff to show cause 135 22.20 Affidavit in reply 135 22.21 Cross-examination on affidavit 135 22.22 Hearing of application 136 22.23 Setting aside judgment 136 Part 4—Application by or against third or subsequent party 136 22.24 Third or subsequent party 136 Order 23—Summary stay or dismissal of claim and striking out pleading 138 23.01 Stay or judgment in proceeding 138 23.02 Striking out pleading 138 23.04 Affidavit evidence 139 23.05 Declaratory judgment 139 Order 24—Judgment on failure to prosecute or obey order for particulars or discovery 140 24.01 Judgment on dismissal 140 24.02 Failure to obey order 140 24.03 Stay on non-payment of costs 140 24.04 Counterclaim and third party claim 141 24.05 Inherent jurisdiction 141 24.06 Setting aside judgment 141 Order 25—Discontinuance and withdrawal 142 25.01 Withdrawal of appearance 142 25.02 Discontinuance or withdrawal of proceeding or claim 142 25.03 Proceeding not commenced by writ 143 25.04 Notice of discontinuance or withdrawal 143 25.05 Costs 143 25.06 Discontinuance or withdrawal no defence 143 25.07 Stay on non-payment of costs 144 Order 26—Offers of compromise 145 Part 1—Interpretation 145 26.01 Definitions 145 Part 2—Offers of compromise 145 26.02 Offers of compromise generally 145 26.03 Time for making, accepting etc. offer 146 26.03.1 Time for payment 147 26.04 Effect of offer 147 26.05 Disclosure of offer to Court 148 26.06 Party under disability 148 26.07 Withdrawal of acceptance 148 26.07.1 Failure to comply with accepted offer 149 26.07.2 Multiple defendants 149 26.08 Costs consequences of failure to accept 150 26.08.1 Pre-litigation offers 153 26.10 Contributor parties 153 Order 27—Content and form of Court documents 155 27.01 Conformity with Rules 155 27.02 Heading of document 155 27.03 Form of document 156 27.04 Numbers 158 27.05 Copies on request 159 27.06 Registrar refusing to seal or accept document 159 27.07 Scandalous matter 160 Order 28—Filing and sealing of Court documents 161 Part 1—General 161 28.01 How document filed 161 28.02 Proceedings commenced outside Melbourne 162 28.03 Date of filing 162 28.04 Seal of Court 162 28.04A Requirements for seal of the Court if electronic filing used 163 28.05 Inspection of documents 163 28.06 Production of Court document 164 Part 2—Electronic filing 164 28.08 Application of Part 164 28.09 Definitions 164 28.10 Authorised provider may send request to file documents electronically 165 28.11 Registrar may accept a document for filing 165 28.12 Registrar may reject a document 166 28.15 Production of original document 166 28.16 Retention of original documents 167 Order 29—Discovery and inspection of documents 168 29.01 Application and definition 168 29.01.1 Scope of discovery 168 29.02 Notice for discovery 169 29.03 Discovery after notice 170 29.04 Affidavit of documents 170 29.05 Order limiting discovery 171 29.05.1 Order for general discovery 171 29.05.2 Order for expanded discovery 171 29.06 Co-defendants and third party 172 29.07 Order for discovery 172 29.08 Order for particular discovery 173 29.09 Inspection of documents referred to in affidavit of documents 173 29.10 Inspection of documents referred to in pleadings and affidavits 175 29.11 Order for discovery 176 29.12 Direction as to documents 176 29.12.1 Default notice 177 29.13 Inspection of document by Court 178 29.14 Default on discovery 178 29.15 Continuing obligation to make discovery 179 Order 30—Interrogatories 180 30.01 Definitions 180 30.02 When interrogatories allowed 180 30.03 Statement as to who to answer 181 30.04 Filing interrogatories and time for answers 181 30.05 Source for answers to interrogatories 181 30.06 How interrogatories to be answered 183 30.07 Ground of objection to answer 183 30.08 Who to answer interrogatories 184 30.09 Failure to answer interrogatories 185 30.09.1 Default notice 185 30.10 Non-compliance with order 186 30.11 Answers as evidence 186 Order 31—Discovery by oral examination 188 31.01 Definitions 188 31.02 When available 188 31.03 Party a corporation 188 31.04 How consent given 189 31.05 Effect of consent 189 31.06 Appointment of examiner 189 31.07 Attendance on examination 190 31.08 Party a corporation 190 31.09 Powers of examiner 190 31.10 Record of examination 190 31.11 How party to be examined 191 31.12 Procedure on objection to question 192 31.13 Order to answer question 192 31.14 Costs 192 Order 32—Preliminary discovery and discovery from non‑party 193 32.01 Definitions 193 32.02 Privilege 193 32.03 Discovery to identify a defendant 193 32.04 Party an applicant 194 32.05 Discovery from prospective defendant 194 32.06 Party an applicant 195 32.07 Discovery from non-party 195 32.08 Procedure 196 32.09 Inspection of documents 196 32.10 Directions as to documents 196 32.11 Costs 197 Order 33—Medical examination and service of hospital and medical reports 198 33.01 Application 198 33.02 Counterclaim 198 33.03 Definitions 198 33.04 Notice for examination 200 33.05 Expenses 200 33.06 Report of examination of plaintiff 201 33.07 Service of reports by plaintiff 201 33.08 Service of reports by defendant 202 33.08.1 Other medical reports to be served 202 33.09 Opinion on liability 203 33.10 Material for Court 203 33.11 Medical report admissible 204 33.12 No evidence unless disclosed in report 205 Order 34—Directions 206 34.01 Powers of Court 206 34.02 Nature of directions 206 34.03 Admissions and agreements 206 34.04 Duty to obtain directions 207 Order 34A—Case management 208 Part 1—Court lists 208 34A.01 Application of Part 208 34A.02 Court Divisions 208 34A.03 Common Law Division 208 34A.03.1 Effect of certain proceedings being within Common Law Division 211 34A.04 Lists of Common Law Division 211 34A.05 Commercial Division 214 34A.06 Lists of Commercial Division 214 34A.09 Entry of proceeding in Division and List 216 34A.10 Mode of entry in Division and List 216 34A.11 Transfer from one Division or List to another 216 Part 2—List Judges 217 34A.13A Application of this Part 217 34A.14 Control of proceedings 217 Part 3—Dismissal of proceeding 218 34A.14A Application of this Part 218 34A.15 Dismissal of proceeding 218 34A.16 Reinstatement 218 Part 4—Discovery by leave 219 34A.16A Application of this Part 219 34A.17 Discovery of documents and interrogatories 219 34A.17.1 Discovery other than by affidavit 219