Navigation (Examination of Masters and Mates) Regulations

Division 1.—Extra Certificates, Foreign-going.

Division 2.—Yacht Certificates.

Division 3.—Certificates for Naval Reserve purposes.

Division 4.—Certificates for special subjects.

Division 5.—Certificates of Service.

Part VII.—Estimation of Sea Service.

Part VIII.—Conduct of Examinations.

C.17689.—Price 1s. 6d.

Part I. Reg. 3.

Definitions.

3. (1) In these Regulations, unless the contrary intention appears—

“Certificate” means a Certificate of Competency as Master or Mate (as the case may be) granted under the Navigation Act, or the Merchant Shipping Act, or any State Act, or, in respect of the certificates specified in Appendix K, by the Government of any British Dominion or Possession mentioned in that Appendix.

“Fore-and-aft rigged vessel” includes every sailing ship or steamship which is not a square-rigged vessel.

“Home or coasting trade ship” includes every ship engaged in making short voyages within the limits prescribed for limited coast-trade ships by the Navigation Act, or for home-trade ships by the Merchant Shipping Act, or for home-trade or coasting ships by any State Act or any Act of any British Possession.

“Local Examiner” or “Examiners” means Examiner of Masters and Mates at any port in the Commonwealth.

“Principal Examiner” means the Principal Examiner of Masters and Mates for the Commonwealth.

“Pilot” means a person who holds a licence from some competent authority authorizing him to pilot vessels outside harbor and partially smooth water limits.

“River and Bay service” means service in river and bay ships.

“Sailing ship” means a ship furnished with sails as a principal means of propulsion, and includes a ship so furnished with sails and equipped with auxiliary steam or other mechanical power for use during light winds or calms.

“Sailing vessel” has a meaning corresponding with “sailing ship”.

“Sea service”, “served at sea”, “total sea service”, in relation to Foreign-going Certificates, means service performed in the foreign-going or Australian trade, or equivalent service in the limited coast-trade.

“Service in the foreign-going trade” means service performed in foreign-going or Australian-trade ships, other than service performed in such ships whilst employed on voyages between ports or places all of which are situated within the limits of the limited coast-trade prescribed for a port in the Commonwealth, or within the limits of the home trade or coast-trade of Great Britain or any of the Dominions.

“Sea service”, “served at sea”, “total sea service”, in relation to Limited Coast-trade Certificates, means service performed in the limited coast-trade or in the home or coast trades of Great Britain or any of the Dominions or in the foreign-going trade.

“Service in the limited coast-trade” means service performed in any ship (other than a River and Bay ship) engaged on trading voyages and plying between ports or places all of which are situated within the limits of the limited coast-trade prescribed for a port in the Commonwealth, or within the limits of the home trade or coast-trade of Great Britain or any of the Dominions.

“Square-rigged vessels” includes full-rigged ships, barques, brigs, barquentines, brigantines, and also steam-ships carrying square sails.

Part II. Regs. 4-8.

“Steam-ship” means a ship using steam or other machinery as a principal means of propulsion.

“Steam vessel” has a meaning corresponding with “steam-ship”.

“Superintendent” means the superintendent at a Mercantile Marine Office under the Navigation Act.

“Voluntary Certificate” means a certificate obtained at a voluntary examination in special subjects not required by the Regulations for Certificates of Competency as Master or Mate, and includes Certificates for “Extra Master”, “Compass Deviation”, “Voluntary Signalling”, “Passed in Steam”, “Voluntary Sight Test”, “Certificates of Efficiency in Navigation and Seamanship”, and “Yacht Master”.

(2) Where in these Regulations the word “lower” or “higher” is used as descriptive of any certificate, or grade of certificate, or of the capacity in which the holder of a certificate may serve, the value of that certificate, or grade of certificate, shall be determined, in relation to other certificates, in the manner prescribed in Schedule II.

Part II.—General.

Subjects of examination.

4. Examination for a certificate issued under these Regulations (excepting under Part VI., Division 4), shall be in the subjects of navigation and seamanship.

Times and places of examination.

5. Examinations for certificates shall be held at the times and places set forth in Appendix A, or at such other times and places as the Minister may from time to time direct.

Application for examination.

6. (1) An application for examination shall be made in accordance with Form M. & M.—B, obtainable at any Mercantile Marine Office.

(2) The application, together with the candidate’s discharges and testimonials in proof of service, shall be lodged with the Superintendent at the port where the candidate desires to be examined at least four clear days before the date of examination.

Examination fee.

7. (1) A candidate for examination for a certificate shall pay to the Superintendent the examination fee for that certificate set out in the First Schedule.

(2) If it is found that the candidate is not eligible for examination, the fee paid shall, at his option, be returned to him or placed to his credit until he becomes eligible.

(3) If a candidate offers a gratuity to any official, he shall, apart from any penalty otherwise inflicted, be rejected, and shall be debarred from examination, either at the port where the offence was committed, or at any other Commonwealth port, for a period of twelve months.

(4) Subject to regulation 33 (15) no part of a fee paid for examination for a certificate shall be returned in case of failure.

Proof of British nationality.

8. (1) A candidate for a certificate shall not be admitted to examination unless he first produces satisfactory proof that he is a British subject.

(2) Proof of nationality may be made by the production of—

(a) the candidate’s birth certificate or a properly certified copy thereof; or

(b) the candidate’s certificate of naturalization; or

(c) a Certificate of Competency of a lower grade which has been granted to the candidate under these Regulations.

Part II. Regs. 9-13.

(3) If a candidate cannot produce the evidence required by the last preceding sub-regulation, he must furnish, to the satisfaction of the Examiner, other documentary evidence of British nationality.

(4) If any doubt exists as to a candidate’s nationality, the case shall be referred to the Principal Examiner for consideration and his decision in the matter shall be final.

Testimonials.

9. (1) A candidate shall not be admitted to examination unless he first produces testimonials as to experience, ability and conduct in accordance with this regulation.

(2) The testimonials shall be signed by the master or owner of the ship in which the service was performed, and shall be such as to prove, to the satisfaction of the Examiner, the sobriety, experience, ability and general good conduct of the candidate for at least the twelve months of service immediately preceding the date of application for examination.

(3) All breaks in service shall be properly accounted for to the satisfaction of the Examiner.

Special application.

10. (1) In cases where a candidate is in doubt whether his service complies with the Regulations, and wishes to submit his case for special consideration, he shall submit his discharges, testimonials, certificates (if any) and form of application (properly filled in) to the local Examiner, or if at a port where there is no Examiner, to the Superintendent, and shall pay the prescribed examination fee to the Superintendent.

(2) If necessary, the local Examiner or Superintendent, as the case may be, shall forward the papers with his observations to the Principal Examiner, who may either deal with the case or bring it before the Director.

(3) In cases where a candidate is still serving under Articles of Agreement, a written statement to that effect, signed by the Master of the ship, and verified by the Superintendent at the port, may be accepted as proof of service under the existing Articles of Agreement.

Penalty or misconduct.

11. A candidate who—

(a) has neglected or refused to join his vessel after having signed articles; or

(b) has deserted his vessel after having joined; or

(c) has been found guilty of gross misconduct on board,

shall be required to produce satisfactory proofs of two years’ subsequent service and good conduct at sea, unless the Director, after having investigated the matter, sees fit to reduce the time.

Physical or mental disability.

12. (1) If, during the progress of an examination, the Examiner becomes satisfied that the candidate is afflicted with physical or mental disabilities such as render him unfit for the proper performance of the duties of a master or officer at sea, he shall immediately discontinue the examination and report the matter to the Principal Examiner.

(2) When an examination has been so discontinued, the examination fee paid by the candidate shall, on application, be returned to him.

Conditions of passing in Navigation.

13. In order to secure a pass in the examination in Navigation prescribed for any certificate in Parts III., IV. and V. of these Regulations, a candidate must—

(a) obtain 75% of the total marks allotted to the problems and written portions of the examination papers prescribed for that certificate which are given him to do;

Part II. Regs. 14-17.

(b) attain a degree of accuracy in Morse and semaphore signalling of at least 90% when signalling at the speed prescribed for the certificate desired;

(c) give answers in the oral part of the examination that satisfy the Examiner as to the candidate’s ability.

Conditions of passing in Seamanship.

14. In order to pass in the examination in Seamanship, a candidate for any Certificate issued under these Regulations must give answers that satisfy the Examiner that the candidate understands and has a thorough knowledge of the parts of the subject prescribed for that certificate and for any certificate of a lower grade.

Conditions of passing voluntary examinations.

15. (1) In order to pass in the examination in Navigation a candidate for an Extra Certificate as Master must obtain 85% of the total marks allotted to the problems and written portions of the examination papers prescribed in Part VI., Division 1, and must satisfy the requirements of regulation 13 (b) and (c) in the signalling and oral parts of the examination; and, in order to pass in the examination in Seamanship, must give answers that prove to the Examiner that the candidate possesses a superior knowledge of the subject.

(2) In order to pass in the examination in Steam a candidate must give answers, both written and oral, which satisfy the Engineer Examiner that the candidate possesses the knowledge of the subject prescribed in Appendix E.

(3) In order to pass in the examination for a Compass Deviation Certificate, a candidate must obtain 85% of the marks allotted to the written part of the examination, and must satisfy the Examiner in the oral and practical examination.

(4) In order to pass for any Voluntary Certificates mentioned in Part VI. of these Regulations, other than those for Extra Master’s, Steam or Compass Deviation Certificates, a candidate must satisfy the requirements of regulations 13 and 14.

Issue of certificates.

16. Upon a candidate obtaining a pass in any of the examinations prescribed in Parts III., IV., V. or VI. of these Regulations, the Examiner shall issue to him an authority in Form M. & M.—EE., authorizing the Deputy Director to whom it is addressed to issue the certificate.

Service found to be insufficient.

17. (1) If after a candidate has passed the examination it is discovered that his services were insufficient to have entitled him to receive a certificate of the grade for which he has passed, the certificate shall be withheld from him.

(2) If the Principal Examiner is satisfied that the error in the calculation of the candidate’s services did not occur through any fault of, or wilful misrepresentation by, the candidate, the fee shall be returned to, or placed to the credit of, the candidate.

(3) If the services of the candidate entitle him to a certificate of a lower grade, such a certificate may be granted to him, and the difference, if any, between the fee paid by him for the higher grade certificate and the fee payable for the lower grade certificate shall be returned to, or placed to the credit of, the candidate.

(4) Where a certificate of a lower grade is issued, in accordance with the provisions of the preceding sub-regulation, the higher grade certificate for which the candidate has passed shall not be granted until he has performed the amount of service in which he was deficient,

Part II. Regs. 18-27.

and has been re-examined in all the subjects of the examination, unless the Director, in his discretion, sees fit to dispense with the re-examination.

Re-examination.

18. (1) If a candidate fails to pass any examination prescribed in these Regulations for a certificate, he shall not be re-examined for that certificate except in accordance with the conditions prescribed by these Regulations.

(2) When the conditions so prescribed have been fulfilled the candidate may make fresh application and pay a further full fee, whereupon he shall be allowed again to present himself for examination.

Failure in English language.

19. If a candidate fails to satisfy the Examiner that he can speak and write the English language sufficiently well to enable him to efficiently perform the duties required of him on board a British vessel, in the position for which he desires a certificate, he shall be refused a certificate and shall not be re-examined until after a lapse of six months.

Failure in Navigation.

20. If a candidate fails in the examination in Navigation, he may present himself at any subsequent examination, but should he fail three times within three months, he shall not be re-examined until after a lapse of three months from the date of the last failure.

Failure in Seamanship.

21. If a candidate fails in Seamanship, he shall not be re-examined until after a lapse of six months, and he may be required to serve the whole or part of this period at sea. The amount of further sea service (if any) to be required shall be determined by the Examiner, having regard to the parts of the subject in which the candidate fails.

Failure in management of square rigged vessels.

22. (1) If a candidate for an Ordinary Certificate fails in seamanship only as regards the management of square-rigged sailing vessels, he may, if qualified as to service, without further formal application or further payment of fee, proceed with the examination for a certificate for steam-ships only, or for fore-and-aft rigged vessels.

(2) This regulation shall also apply to candidates for an Extra Certificate as Master.

Failure in Extra Examinations.

23. A candidate for an Extra Certificate as Master shall not be allowed to present himself for examination more than three times within a period of twelve months.

Failure in Compass Deviation.

24. A candidate for a certificate in Compass Deviation who fails in the paper on magnetism prescribed for Extra Master in regulation 115 (h), shall not be allowed to present himself for examination more than three times within a period of three months.

Failure in Voluntary Signalling.

25. A candidate who fails in the Voluntary Signalling examination shall not be allowed to present himself for examination more than three times within a period of three months.

Failure in Sight Test.

26. (1) A candidate who fails to pass the Letter Test shall not be allowed again to present himself for examination until after a lapse of three months from the date of failure.

(2) A candidate who fails to pass the Lantern Test shall not again be examined locally.

Failure in Steam Examination.

27. A candidate who fails to pass the examination for Masters and Mates in Steam set forth in Appendix E, shall not be allowed again to present himself for examination until after a lapse of three months from the date of failure.

Part II. Regs. 28-31.

Candidates failing may be examined for certificate of lower grade.

28. (1) If a candidate fails in his examination, but the subjects in which he fails are not included in the subjects required for a certificate of a lower grade, he may, if qualified as to sea service, proceed with the examination for a lower grade certificate without further formal application or payment of fee, but he shall be required to complete the whole of the work prescribed for such lower grade, and those subjects for the lower grade in which the candidate has passed (if any), in connexion with the examination for the higher certificate, shall be credited as passed for the certificate of the lower grade.

(2) If a candidate fails for the Extra Certificate as Master, he may, if qualified as to sea service, proceed, without further formal application or payment of fee, with the examination for a lower grade certificate, but, in any such case, the whole of the examination prescribed for that lower grade shall be completed irrespective of any work which may have been done under examination for the Extra Certificate. The subsequent examination for the lower grade may, if time permits, be taken during the current week, but, in any such case, a fresh set of papers must be obtained from the Principal Examiner. If the time be insufficient to permit of this being done, the candidate shall be allowed to sit at the next following examination.

Change of certificate.

29. The holder of an uncancelled and unexpired Certificate of Competency as Master or Mate issued under any State Act prior to 1st January, 1924, may surrender it for the certificate issued under the Navigation Act 1912-1920 to which it most closely corresponds: Provided that, subject to these Regulations, the Commonwealth certificate so granted shall be valid only for the purposes for which, and to the extent to which, the surrendered certificate was valid, and shall be endorsed accordingly.

Duplicate of lost certificate.

30. (1) An application for a certified copy of a certificate issued under the Navigation Act, and which has been lost or destroyed, shall be made in Form M. & M.—D., and shall be lodged with a Superintendent of a Mercantile Marine Office. The declaration as to the circumstances in which the certificate was lost must also be made by the applicant before the Superintendent.

(2) If, on presentation to a Superintendent, any certificate issued under these Regulations is found to be defaced by use or accident to such an extent as to be illegible, it should be at once transmitted to the Director, accompanied by an application, duly filled in, when a certified copy having all the effect of the original will be issued in lieu thereof.

(3) In cases where it is satisfactorily shown that due care had been taken of the original, and that the loss, destruction, or defacement was not due to the fault of the holder, no charge will be made for the certified copy.

(4) In cases where the Director is not so satisfied, the applicant will be required to pay a fee of Five shillings before delivery of the copy.

Application of Board of Trade Regulations.

31. In any case not provided for in these Regulations, the Regulations made by the Board of Trade of the United Kingdom, and for the time being in force, relative to the examination of masters and mates for certificates, shall, to the extent to which they are applicable to the matter, be deemed to be embodied in these Regulations, and shall be observed.

Part II. Regs. 32-33.

First Aid to the Injured.

First aid.

32. (1) A Foreign-going Certificate of any grade, or a Limited Coast-trade Certificate as Master, Sub-grades A or B, or as Mate, Sub-grade A, shall not be granted to any person unless he holds a certificate of proficiency in First Aid granted by an approved authority.

(2) For the purposes of this regulation the following shall be deemed to be approved authorities, namely:—

(a) St. John’s Ambulance Association,

(b) St. Andrew’s Ambulance Association,

(c) St. Patrick’s Ambulance Association,

(d) British Red Cross Society,

(e) London County Council,

(f) Glamorgan County Council,

(g) Leith Technical College,

(h) Any other body approved in writing by the Director of Navigation, and

(i) A Medical Officer of one of His Majesty’s ships.

(3) The certificate of proficiency in First Aid must be an adult certificate, i.e., obtained by the candidate when sixteen years of age or more, and the examination for it must have been passed not more than three years before the date of the examination for the Certificate of Competency.

Provided that certificates of proficiency in First Aid issued by the St. John’s Ambulance Association more than three years before the examination for the Certificate of Competency shall be accepted, provided that, at the expiration of three years since its issue, the certificate of proficiency has attached to it the “voucher” or “label” of the Association certifying that the holder has passed re-examination in First Aid.

(4) Candidates who do not produce a certificate of proficiency in First Aid may be permitted to sit for examination for master or mate, but the Certificate of Competency as Master or Mate shall not be issued until after the production of the First Aid Certificate.

Sight Tests.

Sight tests.

33. (1) A Certificate of Competency shall not be issued to any candidate until he has first passed the sight tests set forth in Schedule III.

(2) Every candidate for a certificate shall pass the letter test. If he obtained a Certificate of Competency in any grade before 1st January, 1914, he will be required to possess at least half normal vision using both eyes together. If he did not obtain such a certificate before the date mentioned, he will be required to possess normal vision using both eyes or either eye separately.

(3) A candidate who has obtained a certificate under the conditions specified in the last preceding sub-regulation may obtain his higher certificates, provided he has normal vision using both eyes or either eye separately.

(4) Every candidate shall undergo the lantern test on every occasion on which he presents himself for examination for his first certificate of competency; but, if he then passes, he shall not be required to undergo the lantern test on any subsequent occasion.

Part II. Reg. 33.

(5) A person who holds a Certificate of Competency may be examined for a certificate of higher grade without undergoing any further lantern test.

Failure in letter test.

(6) A candidate who fails to pass the prescribed letter test may present himself for re-examination at intervals of not less than three months.

Failure in lantern test.

(7) A candidate who fails to pass the lantern test, or who is referred by the Principal Examiner for further lantern test in Melbourne or Sydney, shall not be re-examined locally.

(8) When a candidate is referred for further examination, arrangements will be made for a special examination.

Appeals to the Director.

(9) Any candidate who is adjudged by an Examiner to have failed in the local lantern test may appeal to the Director who, if he thinks the circumstances warrant such a course, may remit the case to a special body of Examiners for decision.

(10) The travelling expenses of any candidate who is referred by the Examiner for further examination, or who, having appealed against the decision of an Examiner, is reported by the special Examiners to have passed, shall be paid at a rate to be notified to the candidate.

(11) Excepting in cases where the Director considers that particular circumstances justify special consideration, no payment shall be made towards the expenses of candidates who, upon their own appeal, are examined by the special Examiners, and are reported by them to have failed.

(12) When a candidate fails to pass the local lantern test, the Examiner shall point out to him the conditions under which he can appeal.

(13) Appeals shall be made through the Examiner, and shall be forwarded to the Principal Examiner with the Examiner’s remarks.

(14) No Examiner who has not himself passed the lantern test shall apply the sight tests to any candidate.

(15) The fee paid for examination for a Certificate of Competency includes the fee of Two shillings and sixpence for examination in the sight tests, and if the candidate fails to pass those tests, the fee paid for examination shall, less a deduction of Two shillings and sixpence, be returned to him.

(16) No additional fee shall be charged to any candidate referred for special examination, but a candidate who appeals against the decision of an Examiner will be required to pay a special fee, which will be returned to him if he passes the special examination.

(17) If a candidate who has been reported by the special Examiners as having failed is still dissatisfied, he may present himself for a second special examination on payment of a fee of Five guineas, provided he brings with him a friend to witness the examination:

Provided that such second examination shall form no part of the examination for a Certificate of Competency, but that the Director may give consideration to the result of the examination in determining whether a certificate shall be granted.

Sight tests—To whom open.

(18) The sight tests shall be open to any person serving or intending to serve in the mercantile marine or in fishing vessels who may desire to ascertain if his vision is such as to qualify him for that service. Any such person, if desirous of undergoing the tests, shall make application to

Parts II. & III. Regs. 34-39.

the Superintendent in accordance with Form M. & M.—C., and shall pay a fee of Two shillings and sixpence. The fee shall be payable on each occasion that a candidate is examined.

Part III.—Qualifications and Examinations for Foreign-going Certificates.

Total sea service—Foreign-going Certificates.

34. (1) The requirements as to the total period of sea service prescribed for any certificate in this Part of these Regulations shall be regarded as satisfied when the whole of the service has been performed at sea in the foreign-going or Australian trade in one or more of the capacities specified in regulation 144 of these Regulations.

(2) Where the whole or any part of the total period of sea service prescribed for any Foreign-going Certificate has been served in the limited coast-trade, or in capacities other than those referred to in the last preceding sub-regulation, such service shall be regarded as equivalent to a part only of a similar period served in the foreign-going trade in one or more of the capacities specified in regulation 144, and its proportionate value, with respect to the qualifying time, shall be determined in accordance with the regulations contained in Part VII. of these Regulations.

35. Service performed in any capacity whilst holding a Home Trade Certificate issued in the United Kingdom or by any authority mentioned in Appendix K of these Regulations, shall be deemed equivalent to service performed in a similar capacity whilst holding any Limited Coast-trade Certificate issued under these Regulations.

Square-rigged service required.

36. A candidate for an Ordinary Certificate of any grade who has not previously held an Ordinary Certificate of a lower grade, before being permitted to sit for examination, shall prove that he has served twelve months, if in the foreign-going trade, or eighteen months, if in the limited-coast trade, in a square-rigged sailing vessel.

division i.—ordinary certificates—foreign-going.

Value of Ordinary Certificates.

37. An Ordinary Certificate, foreign-going, shall entitle the lawful holder to serve, in the capacity stated in the certificate or in a lower capacity, in any ship employed in any trade.

Second Mate—Ordinary—Foreign-going.

Qualifications—Second Mate, Ordinary.

38. A candidate for an Ordinary Certificate as Second Mate of a foreign-going ship must—

(a) be not less than eighteen years of age;

(b) have served four years at sea; and on and after the 1st January, 1926—

(c) produce a valid certificate of efficiency as life-boatman.

Examination in Navigation—Second Mate, Ordinary.

39. (1) In the examination in Navigation a candidate for an Ordinary Certificate as Second Mate of a foreign-going ship may be required—

(a) to write, as a test of handwriting and spelling, a short essay on a nautical subject;

(b) to evaluate arithmetical expressions by aid of logarithms;

(c) to answer questions, solve problems, and prove identities in elementary plane trigonometry;

(d) to work a day’s work complete, correcting the courses for leeway, deviation, and variation;

Part III. Reg. 39.

(e) to find the latitude by the meridian altitude of the sun;

(f) to work any practical problem in parallel sailing;

(g) to find the true course and distance from one given position to another by Mercator’s method; also the compass course, the variation and deviation being given;

(h) to find the true amplitude of the sun, and the error of the compass therefrom; also the deviation, the variation being given;

(i) to find the longitude by chronometer from altitude of the sun by the usual methods, computing the daily rate of chronometer from errors observed when required; also to find the true azimuth of the sun, and the error of the compass; and the deviation, the variation being given;

(j) to find the true azimuth of the sun by Time Azimuth tables; the error of the compass; also the deviation, the variation being given;

(k) to give a figure and explanation for each problem worked, and a written explanation of any given terms used in navigation or nautical astronomy (see regulation 187);

(l) to find on a chart or plan the course or courses to steer, and the distance or distances from one given position to another; to find the ship’s position together with the set and drift (if any) on the chart or plan from cross-bearings of two objects; to find the ship’s position from two bearings of the same or different objects, the course and distance run between taking the bearings being given, making due allowance for a given tide or current; also the distance of the ship from the object or any given position at the time of taking the second bearing; to find on a chart or plan the course to steer by compass in order to counteract the effect of a given tide or current, and the distance the ship will make good towards a given point in a given time; to fix a ship’s position on a chart or plan by horizontal sextant angles, using a station-pointer; and to work out practically the correction to apply to soundings taken at a given time and place to compare with the depth marked on the chart; and to give a method of finding approximately the time of high water at any given place without the aid of the Admiralty or other tide tables.

(2) The candidate shall be examined orally in the following subjects:—

(a) The Morse and British movable semaphore alphabets, the International Code of Signals, and the Allied Signal Manual. He shall be required to attain a minimum speed of ten words a minute in semaphore, six words a minute in Morse flashing and five words a minute in Morse flag waving (see Appendix D);

(b) The use and adjustment of the sextant, reading off and on the arc, and the mode of finding the index error by both horizon and sun;

(c) The construction, use and principle of the barometer, thermometer and hydrometer; also the use and care of a chronometer;

Part III. Regs. 40-41.

(d) Weights and measures;

(e) The markings, signs and abbreviations on Admiralty chart or plans;

(f) The general notices published in the Board of Trade Summary of Notices to Mariners; and

(g) Elementary questions on the main parts of a ship’s construction.

Examination in Seamanship—Second Mate, Ordinary.

40. (1) In the examination in Seamanship, a candidate for an Ordinary Certificate as Second Mate of a foreign-going, ship must show, to the satisfaction of the Examiner, a knowledge of—

(a) the standing and running rigging of ships;

(b) bending, unbending, setting, reefing, taking in and furling sail;

(c) sending masts and yards up and down;

(d) the management of a ship when under canvas;

(e) management of ships’ boats in heavy weather;

(f) dunnaging, stowing and discharging cargo;

(g) the Rule of the Road as regards both steam vessels and sailing vessels, their regulation lights and fog and sound signals;

(h) the signals of distress, and the signals to be made by ships wanting a pilot, and the liabilities and penalties incurred by the misuse of these signals;

(i) the marking and use of the lead and log lines, and care and use of sounding machines and mechanical logs; and

(j) the use and management of the rocket apparatus in the event of a vessel being stranded.

(2) The candidate must also answer satisfactorily—

(a) any questions appertaining to the duties of a Second Mate that the Examiner thinks necessary to ask; and

(b) any questions on the additional subjects that are specified in the rules of examination for a certificate as Second Mate of a foreign-going steam-ship (see regulation 53).

First Mate—Ordinary—Foreign-going.

Qualifications—First Mate, Ordinary.

41. A candidate for an Ordinary Certificate as First Mate of a foreign-going ship must be not less than nineteen years of age, and have served five years at sea, of which—

(a) one year must have been in a capacity not lower than Fourth Mate in the foreign-going trade whilst holding a certificate as Second Mate of a foreign-going ship: Provided that, if his service was as Third or Fourth Mate, the candidate shall be required to prove that he had during the whole year charge of a watch in accordance with regulation 154; or

(b) one year and a half must have been in a capacity not lower than Third Mate in charge of a watch in the limited coast-trade whilst holding a certificate as Second Mate of a foreign-going ship, or a certificate as First Mate, Sub-grade A of a limited coast-trade ship: Provided that if his service was as Second or Third Mate, proof will be required to show that the length of the voyages between terminal ports exceeded 500 miles; or

(c) one year must have been as a pilot with a First Class Certificate as pilot.

Part III. Regs. 42-43.

Examination in Navigation—First Mate.

42. (1) In the examination in Navigation, a candidate for an Ordinary Certificate as First Mate of a foreign-going ship may be required—

(a) to do any of the work prescribed in regulation 39;

(b) to solve problems and prove identities in plane trigonometry, and to answer questions and solve problems in right-angled spherical trigonometry;

(c) to compute the time at which a given star will be on the observer’s meridian (occasionally by inspection);

(d) to determine what bright stars will be within a certain hour-angle from the observer’s meridian, above the pole and above the horizon, at any given time; also the hour-angle, east or west, of each of the stars, and whether to the north or south of the observer’s zenith when passing the meridian;

(e) to compute the approximate meridian altitude of a star for setting the sextant;

(f) to find the latitude from the meridian altitude of a star;

(g) to find the longitude by chronometer by altitude of a star;

(h) to find the true azimuth of a star by Time Azimuth Tables, and get the deviation therefrom;

(i) to find the latitude by ex-meridian altitude of the sun or a star;

(j) to find the line of position, the true bearing of the sun and the ship’s position by Sumner’s method of projection, and, on and after the 1st January, 1926, to find the line of position, the true bearing of the celestial body and the ship’s position by the Marc St. Hilaire method;

(k) to give a figure and explanation for each problem worked, and a written explanation of any given terms used in navigation or nautical astronomy (see regulation 187);

(l) to answer certain questions on meteorology; and,

on and after the 1st January, 1926—

(m) to answer a few elementary questions on stability.

(2) The candidate shall be examined orally in the following subjects:—

(a) The keeping of a ship’s log;

(b) The calculation of a given bunker or hold;

(c) The calculation of a freight and its commissions;

(d) The measurement and equipment of a vessel’s lifeboats, and the number of persons allowed to be carried in each class of boat;

(e) Testing of lifebuoys and lifebelts;

(f) The screening of vessel’s sidelights; and

(g) More advanced questions on the main parts of a vessel’s construction and general use.

Examination in Seamanship—First Mate.

43. (1) In the examination in Seamanship, a candidate for an Ordinary Certificate as First Mate of a foreign-going ship must show, to the satisfaction of the Examiner, a knowledge of—

(a) the seamanship included in the examination for an Ordinary Certificate as Second Mate of a foreign-going ship;

Part III. Reg. 44.

(b) shifting large spars, rigging sheers, taking lower masts in and out;

(c) mooring and unmooring ship, keeping a clear anchor and carrying out an anchor;

(d) the management of a ship in stormy weather, and casting a ship on a lee shore;

(e) securing the masts in the event of accident to the bowsprit;

(f) rigging purchases for handling heavy weights, anchors or machinery;

(g) disposing various kinds of cargo and weights in a stiff and in a tender vessel;

(h) the ventilation of holds, and stowage of explosives;

(i) the stowage of grain cargoes;

(j) rigging a sea anchor, and the means to employ to keep a vessel, disabled or unmanageable, out of the trough of the sea, and lessen her lee drift;

(k) getting a cast of the deep-sea lead in heavy weather; and

(l) accidents, and how to deal with them.

(2) The candidate must also answer satisfactorily—

(a) any other questions appertaining to the duties of a First Mate that the Examiner thinks necessary to ask; and

(b) any questions on the additional subjects that are specified in the rules of examination for a Certificate as First Mate of a foreign-going steam-ship (see regulation 56).

Master—Ordinary—Foreign-going.

Qualifications—Master, Ordinary.

44. A candidate for an Ordinary Certificate as Master of a foreign-going ship must be not less than twenty-one years of age and—

(a) he must have served six years at sea, of which—

(i) one year must have been in a capacity not lower than Only Mate in the foreign-going trade whilst holding a certificate not lower than that of Only Mate of a foreign-going ship, provided that, if this service as officer was not performed whilst holding a certificate as First Mate of a foreign-going ship, the candidate shall also be required to prove that he has performed the officer’s service prescribed for that grade; or

(ii) one year and a half must have been in a capacity not lower than Mate in the limited coast-trade whilst holding a certificate not lower than that of Only Mate of a foreign-going ship, provided that if this service as officer was not performed whilst holding a certificate as First Mate of a foreign-going ship, the candidate shall also be required to prove that he has performed the officer’s service prescribed for that grade; or

(iii) three years must have been in the capacity of Master in the limited coast-trade whilst holding a certificate as Second Mate of a

Part III. Reg. 45.

foreign-going ship or a certificate as Master, Sub-grade A, of a limited coast-trade ship for at least one year of the service; or

(iv) one year must have been in the capacity of Master, and three years in a capacity not lower than Mate in the limited coast-trade whilst holding a certificate as Second Mate of a foreign-going ship or a certificate as Master, Sub-grade A, of a limited coast-trade ship for at least one year of the service; or

(b) he must have served six and a half years at sea, of which—

(i) one year must have been served in a capacity not lower than Second Mate in the foreign-going trade whilst holding a certificate as First Mate of a foreign-going ship, provided that, if this service as Second Mate was performed under an additional or auxiliary First Mate, it will only be accepted if a Third or Fourth Mate were also carried; and one year and a half must have been served in a capacity not lower than Third or Fourth Mate in the foreign-going trade in charge of a watch whilst holding a certificate as Second Mate of a foreign-going ship; or

(ii) one year and a half must have been in a capacity not lower than Second Mate in the limited coast-trade whilst holding a certificate as First Mate of a foreign-going ship; and two and a quarter years must have been in a capacity not lower than Third Mate in charge of a watch in the limited coast-trade whilst holding a certificate as Second Mate of a foreign-going ship or a certificate as First Mate, Sub-grade A, of a limited coast-trade ship: Provided that if his service was as Second or Third Mate proof will be required to show that the length of the voyages between terminal ports exceeded 500 miles; or

(c) he must have served seven and a half years at sea, of which two years must have been in a capacity not lower than Third Mate in the foreign-going trade in a ship carrying not more than two officers (excluding the Master) above the rank of Third Mate, whilst holding a certificate as First Mate of a foreign-going ship; and one year and a half must have been in a capacity not lower than Third or Fourth Mate in charge of a watch in the foreign-going trade whilst holding a certificate as Second Mate of a foreign-going ship (see Part VII.).

Examination in Navigation—Master, Ordinary.

45. (1) In the examination in Navigation, a candidate for an Ordinary Certificate as Master of a foreign-going ship may be required—

(a) to work any of the problems prescribed in regulations 39 and 42;

Part III. Reg. 46.

(b) to write an essay on some nautical subject;

(c) to find the latitude by the altitude of the Polar star at any time;

(d) to find the latitude by the meridian altitude of the moon;

(e) to give a figure and explanation for each problem worked, and a written explanation of any given terms used in navigation or nautical astronomy (see regulation 187);

(f) to find the magnetic bearing of any fixed object when at sea or at anchor from bearings of the object taken with the ship’s head on equidistant compass-points, and to compute the deviation therefrom; to construct a deviation-curve upon a Napier’s diagram (which will be furnished by the Examiner), and show that he understands its practical application; to give satisfactory written and oral answers to certain practical questions as to the effect of the ship’s iron upon compasses and the method of determining the deviation, and to show how to compensate the deviation by magnets and soft iron by the aid of Beall’s compass deviascope; and

(g) to answer questions on ship-construction and naval architecture, and a few elementary questions on stability; and,

on and after the 1st January, 1926—

(h) to answer questions requiring a more advanced knowledge of stability; and

(i) to work a course and distance on the arc of a Great Circle as laid down in regulation 115 (f). (Note.—When this problem is given the essay or paper on meteorology will be omitted.)

(2) The candidate shall be examined orally in the following subjects:—

(a) The law as to the engagement and discharge and management of the crew, and the entries to be made in the official log;

(b) The preventing and checking of an outbreak of scurvy on board ship;

(c) The law as to load-line marks, and the entries and reports to be made respecting them;

(d) Invoices, charter-parties, bills of lading, Lloyd’s agent, nature of bottomry, bills of exchange, surveys, averages, and such other matters relating to ship’s business as the Examiner thinks fit;

(e) The prevailing winds and currents of the globe;

(f) The trade routes; and

(g) Tides.

Examination in Seamanship—Master, Ordinary.

46. (1) In the examination in Seamanship, a candidate for an Ordinary Certificate as Master of a foreign-going ship must show, to the satisfaction of the Examiner, a knowledge of—

(a) the seamanship included in the examinations for Ordinary Certificates as Second or First mate;

(b) construction of jury rudders for both wooden and iron vessels, also rafts;

Part III. Regs. 47-52.

(c) resources for the preservation of the ship’s crew in the event of wreck;

(d) management of ship in heavy weather;

(e) rescuing the crew of a disabled vessel;

(f) steps to be taken when a vessel is on her beam ends, or disabled, or unmanageable, or on a lee shore, or in dangers or difficulties of any nature;

(g) heaving a keel out;

(h) proceedings to be taken when placing a ship in dry dock, and directing repairs, and when putting into port in distress with damage to cargo and ship.

(2) The candidate must also answer satisfactorily—

(a) any other questions appertaining to the management of a vessel that the Examiner thinks necessary to ask; and

(b) any questions on the additional subjects that are specified in the rules of examination for a certificate as Master of a foreign-going steam-ship (see regulation 59).

division 2.—fore-and-aft certificates—foreign-going.

Value of Fore-and-aft Certificates, Foreign-going.

47. A Fore-and-aft Certificate, foreign-going, shall entitle the lawful holder to serve, in the capacity stated in the certificate or in a lower capacity, in any fore-and-aft rigged vessel employed in any trade.

Qualifications.

48. The qualifications required for candidates for certificates of the grades of Second Mate, First Mate, and Master of fore-and-aft-rigged vessels shall be the same as those prescribed for corresponding grades of Ordinary Certificates, excepting that the service required in sailing vessels may have been performed in fore-and-aft-rigged sailing vessels.

Examinations.

49. The examinations for the grades of Second Mate, First Mate, and Master of fore-and-aft-rigged vessels shall be the same as those prescribed for the Ordinary Certificates, excepting that in the examination in seamanship a knowledge of the management of square-rigged vessels shall not be required.

division 3.—steam-ship certificates—foreign-going.

Value of Steam-ship Certificates, Foreign-going.

50. A Steam-ship Certificate, foreign-going, shall entitle the lawful holder to serve, in the capacity stated in the certificate, or in a lower capacity, in any steam-ship employed in any trade.

Second Mate.—Steam-ships—Foreign-going.

Qualifications—Second Mate, Steam-ships.

51. The qualifications as to age and service of a candidate for a certificate as Second Mate of a foreign-going steamship shall be the same as prescribed by regulation 38 for an Ordinary Certificate as Second Mate, excepting that the whole of the service required may have been in steam-ships and that no service in square-rigged vessels shall be required.

Examination in Navigation—Second Mate, Steam-ships.

52. The examination in Navigation for a certificate as Second Mate of a foreign-going steam-ship shall be the same as that prescribed by regulation 39 for an Ordinary Certificate as Second Mate of a foreign-going ship.

C.17689.—2

Part III. Regs. 53-56.

Examination in Seamanship—Second Mate, Steam-ships.

53. (1) In the examination in Seamanship, a candidate for a certificate as Second Mate of a foreign-going steam-ship must show a knowledge of—

(a) the standing and running rigging of steam-ships;

(b) bending, unbending, setting, taking in, and furling sail;

(c) sending masts and yards up and down;

(d) seeing everything in readiness and clear for getting under way, and the precautions to be then observed with regard to steering-gear and connexions, engines, and propeller;

(e) care and usage of mechanical logs and sounding machines;

(f) management of ships’ boats in heavy weather;

(g) dunnaging, stowing and discharging cargo;

(h) the Rule of the Road as regards both steam vessels and sailing vessels, their regulation lights and fog and sound signals;

(i) signals of distress, and signals to be made by ships wanting a pilot, and the liabilities and penalties incurred by the misuse of these signals;

(j) the marking and use of the ordinary lead and log lines;

(k) the construction, use, and action of the sluices, and of the water-ballast tanks;

(l) engine room and other telegraphs used on board ship, and deck appliances generally;

(m) use and management of the rocket apparatus in the event of a vessel being stranded.

(2) The candidate must also answer satisfactorily any other questions appertaining to the duties of the Second Mate of a steam-ship that the Examiner thinks necessary to ask.

First Mate.—Steam-ships—Foreign-going.

Qualifications—First Mate, Steam-ships.

54. The qualifications as to age and service of a candidate for a certificate as First Mate of a foreign-going steam-ship shall be the same as prescribed in regulation 41 for an Ordinary Certificate as First Mate, excepting that the whole of the service may have been in steamships, and that no service in square-rigged ships shall be required.

Examination in Navigation.

55. The examination in Navigation for a certificate as First Mate of a foreign-going steam-ship shall be the same as that prescribed by regulation 42 for an Ordinary Certificate as First Mate of a foreign-going ship.

Examination in Seamanship—First Mate, Steam-ships.

56. (1) In the examination in Seamanship, a candidate for a certificate as First Mate of a foreign-going steam-ship must show, to the satisfaction of the Examiner, a knowledge of—

(a) the seamanship included in the examination for a certificate as Second Mate of a foreign-going steam-ship;

(b) shifting large spars, rigging sheers, and taking lower masts in and out;

(c) mooring and unmooring ship, keeping a clear anchor, and carrying out an anchor;

(d) management of a steam-ship in stormy weather;

(e) rigging purchases for handling heavy weights, anchors, or machinery;

Part III. Regs. 57-59.

(f) disposing various kinds of cargo and weights in a stiff and in a tender vessel;

(g) ventilation of holds and the stowage of explosives;

(h) stowage of grain cargoes;

(i) the effects of the screw race upon the rudder; and the effect produced on the direction of the head of the ship by going (ahead) (astern) with a (right) (left) handed screw when the rudder is (ported) (starboarded); also the effect of twin screws under the same conditions, and when going ahead with one and reversing the other, as the case may be;

(j) rigging a sea anchor, and the means to employ to keep a steam-ship, with her machinery disabled, out of the trough of the sea, and to lessen her lee drift;

(k) turning a steam-ship short round;

(l) getting a cast of the deep-sea lead in heavy weather.

(2) The candidate must also answer satisfactorily any other questions of a like nature appertaining to the duties of a First Mate of a steam-ship that the Examiner thinks necessary to ask.

Master.—Steam-ships—Foreign-going.

Qualifications—Master, Steam-ships.

57. The qualifications as to age and service of a candidate for a certificate as Master of a foreign-going steam-ship shall be the same as prescribed by regulation 44 for an Ordinary Certificate as Master, excepting that the whole of the service may have been performed in steam-ships, and that no service in square-rigged vessels shall be required.

Examination in Navigation.

58. The examination in Navigation for a certificate as Master of a foreign-going steam-ship shall be the same as that prescribed by regulation 45 for an Ordinary Certificate as Master of a foreign-going ship.

Examination in Seamanship—Master, Steam-ships.

59. (1) In the examination in Seamanship, a candidate for a certificate as Master of a foreign-going steam-ship must show, to the satisfaction of the Examiner, a knowledge of—

(a) the seamanship included in the examinations for certificates as Second or First Mate of a foreign-going steam-ship;

(b) construction of rafts, and of jury rudders suitable for screw steam-ships;

(c) the preservation of the ship’s crew in the event of wreck;

(d) management of steam-ships in heavy weather;

(e) rescuing the crew of a disabled ship;

(f) steps to be taken when a vessel is on her beam ends, or disabled and on a lee shore;

(g) the use of steam appliances in the event of fire;

(h) economy in coal consumption;

(i) the best arrangement for towing vessels under different circumstances;

(j) placing ship in dry dock, directing repairs, and the mode of procedure when putting into port in distress with damage to cargo and ship.

(2) The candidate must also answer satisfactorily any other questions appertaining to the management of a steam-ship that the Examiner thinks necessary to ask.

Part IV. Regs. 60-63.

Part IV.—Qualifications and Examinations for Limited Coast-trade Certificates.

Total sea service. Limited coast-trade certificates.

60. (1) The requirements as to the total period of sea service prescribed for any certificate in this Part of these Regulations shall be regarded as satisfied when the whole of the service has been performed at sea in either foreign-going or limited coast-trade ships in one or more of the capacities specified in regulation 144 of these Regulations.

(2) Where the whole or any part of the total period of sea service prescribed for any Limited Coast-trade Certificate has been served in ships or capacities other than those referred to in the last preceding sub-regulation, such service shall be regarded as equivalent to a part only of a similar period served in limited coast-trade ships, and its proportionate value, with respect to qualifying time, shall be determined in accordance with the regulations contained in Part VII. of these Regulations.

division i.—ordinary certificates—limited coast trade.

Ordinary Certificates (Sub-grade A), Limited Coast Trade.

Value of Ordinary Certificates, (Sub-grade A), L.C.T.

61. An Ordinary Certificate (Sub-grade A), limited coast-trade, shall entitle the lawful holder to serve, in the capacity stated in the certificate, or in a lower capacity, in any ship employed within the limits of the particular section of the limited coast-trade specified in the certificate.

Ordinary Certificate, Second Mate, Sub-grade A, Limited Coast-trade.

Qualifications—Ordinary Certificate, Second Mate, Sub-grade A, L.C.T.

62. A candidate for an Ordinary Certificate as Second Mate, Sub-grade A, of a limited coast-trade ship, must be not less than eighteen years of age, and have served three years at sea, of which time he must have served not less than twelve months in square-rigged sailing vessels.

Examination in Navigation—Ordinary Certificate, Second Mate, Sub-grade A, L.C.T.

63. (1) In the examination in Navigation, a candidate for an Ordinary Certificate as Second Mate, Sub-grade A, of a limited coast-trade ship, may be required—

(a) to show, to the satisfaction of the Examiner, that he is able to read and write English and to spell correctly;

(b) to work sums in addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, involving the use of the tables of money, length, avoirdupois and time;

(c) to find on a chart or plan the course or courses to steer and the distance on each course from one given position to another; to find the ship’s position, together with the set and drift (if any), on a chart or plan from cross-bearings of two objects; to find the ship’s position from two bearings of the same object, the course and distance run between taking the bearings being given, making due allowance for a given tide or current; also the distance of the ship from the object or any given position at the time of taking the second bearing;

Part IV. Regs. 64-65.

(d) to find the time of high water at a given place by the aid of the Admiralty or local tide tables, and give a method of finding approximately the time of high water at any given place without the aid of the Admiralty or other tide tables.

(2) The candidate shall be examined orally in—

(a) The International Code of Signals and the Allied Signal Manual. He must attain a minimum speed of eight words a minute in semaphore and five words a minute in Morse flashing or flag-waving (see appendix D).

(b) The markings, signs, and abbreviations on Admiralty charts or plans.

Examination in Seamanship—Ordinary Certificate, Second Mate, Sub-grade A, L.C.T.

64. (1) In the examination in Seamanship, a candidate for an Ordinary Certificate as Second Mate, Sub-grade A, of a limited coast-trade ship, must show a knowledge of—

(a) the Rule of the Road for all classes of vessels, their regulation lights and fog and sound signals;

(b) the signals to exhibit when in distress or wanting a pilot;

(c) any special port signals in use locally;

(d) stowing and discharging cargo;

(e) the rigging of all classes of vessels, and bending, making and taking in sail;

(f) the mooring and unmooring of vessels at a wharf, and the precautions then to be observed with regard to outlying gear, steering gear connexions, and propellers;

(g) the marking and use of lead and log lines;

(h) management of ships’ boats;

(i) the use of the rocket apparatus, and position of the local rocket stations;

(j) the use and action of bulkhead sluices, ballast tanks, and deck appliances.

(2) The candidate must also answer satisfactorily any other questions appertaining to the duties of Second Mate of a limited coast-trade ship that the Examiner thinks necessary to ask.

Ordinary Certificate, First Mate, Sub-grade A, Limited Coast-trade.

Qualifications—Ordinary Certificate, First Mate. Sub-grade A, L.C.T.

65. A candidate for an Ordinary Certificate as First Mate, Sub-grade A, of a limited coast-trade ship must be not less than nineteen years of age, and have served four years at sea, of which—

(a) one year must have been in square-rigged sailing vessels; and

(b) one year must have been in a capacity not lower than that of Third Mate of a limited coast-trade ship whilst holding a certificate not lower than that of Second Mate, Sub-grade A, limited coast-trade.

Part IV. Reg. 66.

Examination in Navigation—Ordinary Certificate, First Mate, Sub-grade A, L.C.T.

66. (1) In the examination in Navigation, a candidate for an Ordinary Certificate as First Mate, Sub-grade A, of a limited coast-trade ship may be required—

(a) to work a day’s work complete, correcting the courses for leeway, deviation and variation;

(b) to find the latitude by the meridian altitude of the sun;

(c) to find the true amplitude of the sun, and the error of the compass therefrom; also the deviation, the variation being given;

(d) to find the true azimuth of the sun by the Time Azimuth tables; the error of the compass, also the deviation, the variation being given;

(e) to find on a chart or plan the course or courses to steer and the distance on each course from one given position to another; to find the ship’s position, together with the set and drift (if any), on the chart or plan from cross-bearings of two objects; to find the ship’s position from two bearings of the same object, the course and distance run between taking the bearings being given, making due allowance for a given tide or current; also, the distance of the ship from the object or any given position at the time of taking the second bearing; to find on a chart or plan the course to steer by compass in order to counteract the effect of a given tide or current, and the distance the ship will make good towards a given point in a given time; to fix a ship’s position on a chart or plan by horizontal sextant angles, using a station pointer; and to work out practically the correction to apply to soundings taken at a given time and place to compare with the depth marked on the chart; and give a method of finding approximately the time of high water at any given place without the aid of the Admiralty or other tide tables.

(2) The candidate shall be examined orally in the following subjects:—

(a) The International Code of Signals and the Allied Signal Manual. He must attain a minimum speed of ten words a minute in semaphore and six words a minute in Morse flashing, and five words a minute in Morse flag-waving (see Appendix D).

(b) The use and adjustments of the sextant, reading on and off the arc, and the mode of finding the index error by the horizon;

(c) The use and care of barometers, thermometers, hydrometers and chronometers;

(d) The markings, signs and abbreviations on Admiralty charts or plans;

(e) Keeping a ship’s log-book;

(f) The principal local lights and the currents along the coast within the limits for which he desires a certificate;

Part IV. Regs. 67-69.

Examination in Seamanship—Ordinary Certificate, First Mate, Sub-grade A, L.C.T.

67. (1) In the examination in Seamanship, a candidate for an Ordinary, Certificate as First Mate, Sub-grade A, of a limited coast-trade ship must show, to the satisfaction of the Examiner, a knowledge of—

(a) the seamanship included in the examination for an Ordinary Certificate as Second Mate, Sub-grade A, of a limited coast-trade ship;

(b) the working of a ship’s windlass, anchors and cables; how to mark and take cables on board, mooring and unmooring at an anchorage; tending ship at anchor;

(c) the management of boats in a surf, and laying out anchors by boats;

(d) taking a cast of the deep-sea lead in heavy weather;

(e) the rigging of purchases and sheers for heavy lifts;

(f) the rigging and use of a sea anchor;

(g) the duties of a mate as officer of the watch, and when staying or wearing ship;

(h) the effect of the propeller on the steering of a steam-ship when going either ahead or astern;

(i) the best method of turning a steam-ship short round under various conditions of wind, weather, and current.

(2) The candidate must also answer satisfactorily any other questions appertaining to the duties of First Mate of a limited coast-trade ship that the Examiner thinks necessary to ask.

Ordinary Certificate, Master, Sub-grade A, Limited Coast-trade.

Qualifications—Ordinary Certificate, Master, Sub-grade A, L.C.T.

68. A candidate for an Ordinary Certificate as Master, Sub-grade A, of a limited coast-trade ship must be not less than twenty-one years of age, and have served five years at sea, of which—

(a) one year must have been in a square-rigged sailing vessel; and

(b) (i) one year in a capacity not lower than that of First Mate of a limited coast-trade ship whilst holding a certificate not lower than that of First Mate, Sub-grade A, limited coast-trade; or

(ii) one year in a capacity not lower than Second Mate of a limited coast-trade ship whilst holding a certificate not lower than that of First Mate, Sub-grade A, limited coast-trade; and in addition, one and a half years in a capacity not lower than Third Mate of a limited coast-trade ship whilst holding a certificate not lower than Second Mate, Sub-grade A, limited coast-trade.

Examination in Navigation—Ordinary Certificate, Master, Sub-grade A, L.C.T.

69. (1) In the examination in Navigation, a candidate for an Ordinary Certificate as Master, Sub-grade A, of a limited coast-trade ship may be required—

(a) to do any of the work prescribed in regulation 66;

Part IV. Regs. 70-71

(b) to find the current in the day’s work, when the position by observation is given;

(c) to compute the true course and distance from one given position to another by Mercator’s method, and also to determine the compass course, the deviation and variation being given;

(d) to find the longitude by chronometer by observation of the sun;

(e) to give written answers to certain practical questions on the deviation of the compass (see Appendix F); and

(f) to give a written explanation of any given terms commonly used in navigation or nautical astronomy.

(2) The candidate shall be examined orally in the following subjects:—

(a) the law as to the engagement, discharge and management of the crew, and the entries to be made in the official log book;

(b) bills of lading, charter parties, invoices, surveys.

Examination in Seamanship—Ordinary Certificate, Master, Sub-grade A, L.C.T.

70. (1) In the examination in Seamanship, a candidate for an Ordinary Certificate as Master, Sub-grade A, of a limited coast-trade ship must show, to the satisfaction of the Examiner, a knowledge of—

(a) the seamanship included in the examination for an Ordinary Certificate as First Mate, Sub-grade A, of a limited coast-trade ship;

(b) taking lower masts in and out;

(c) the management of a square-rigged vessel under sail at sea or in narrow waters;

(d) the measures to be taken when a ship is in danger through heavy weather, disablement, fire, collision, or grounding;

(e) the construction of rafts, jury rudders and jury masts;

(f) resources for the preservation of the ship’s crew in the event of wreck;

(g) the best method of towing vessels disabled in any particular manner; and

(h) rescuing the crew of a disabled vessel.

(2) The candidate must also answer satisfactorily any other questions appertaining to the duties of Master in the limited coast-trade that the Examiner thinks necessary to ask.

Ordinary Certificates (Sub-grade B), Limited Coast-trade.

Value of Ordinary Certificates, (Sub-grade B), L.C.T.

71. An Ordinary Certificate (Sub-grade B), limited coast-trade shall entitle the lawful holder to serve, in the capacity stated in the certificate, in a ship under 300 tons net register employed within the limits of the particular section of the limited coast-trade specified in the certificate, or in a lower capacity in a ship of any tonnage employed within those limits.

Part IV. Regs. 72-76.

Ordinary Certificate, Mate, Sub-grade B, Limited Coast-trade.

Qualifications—Ordinary Certificate, Mate. Sub-grade B, L.C.T.

72. A candidate for an Ordinary Certificate as Mate, Sub-grade B, of a limited coast-trade ship, must be not less than nineteen years of age and have served four years at sea, of which time he must have served not less than twelve months in square-rigged sailing vessels.

Examination in Navigation.

73. The examination in Navigation for a candidate for an Ordinary Certificate as Mate, Sub-grade B, of a limited coast-trade ship shall be the same as that prescribed by regulation 63 for a candidate for an Ordinary Certificate as Second Mate, Sub-grade A, of a limited coast-trade ship.

Examination in Seamanship—Ordinary Certificate, Mate, Sub-grade B, L.C.T.

74. (1) In the examination in Seamanship, a candidate for an Ordinary Certificate as Mate, Sub-grade B, of a limited coast-trade ship must show, to the satisfaction of the Examiner, a knowledge of—

(a) the seamanship included in the examination for an Ordinary Certificate as Second Mate, Sub-grade A, of a limited coast-trade ship;

(b) the windlass and tending ship at anchor;

(c) the laying out of anchors by boats;

(d) taking a cast of the deep-sea lead;

(e) the mate’s duties as officer of the watch and when staying or wearing ship;

(f) keeping the ship’s log-book; and

(g) the principal characteristics of the local lights.

(2) The candidate must also answer satisfactorily any other questions appertaining to the duties of Mate, Sub-grade B, that the examiner thinks necessary to ask.

Ordinary Certificate, Master, Sub-grade B, Limited Coast-trade.

Qualifications—Ordinary Certificate, Master, Sub-grade B, L.C.T.

75. A candidate for an Ordinary Certificate as Master, Sub-grade B, of a limited coast-trade ship must be not less than twenty years of age, and have served five years at sea, of which—

(a) one year must have been in a square-rigged sailing vessel; and

(b) one year in a capacity not lower than that of Third Mate of a limited coast-trade ship whilst holding a certificate not lower than that of Second Mate, Sub-grade A, limited coast-trade.

Examination in Navigation.

76. The examination in Navigation for a candidate for an Ordinary Certificate as Master, Sub-grade B, of a limited coast-trade ship shall be the same as that prescribed by regulation 66 for a candidate for an Ordinary Certificate as First Mate, Sub-grade A, of a limited coast-trade ship.

Part IV. Regs. 77-80.

Examination in Seamanship—Ordinary Certificate, Master, Sub-grade B, L.C.T.

77. (1) In the examination in Seamanship, a candidate for an Ordinary Certificate as Master, Sub-grade B, of a limited coast-trade ship must show, to the satisfaction of the Examiner, a knowledge of—

(a) the seamanship included in the examination for an Ordinary Certificate as First Mate, Sub-grade A, of a limited coast-trade ship;

(b) taking lower masts in and out;

(c) the management of a square-rigged vessel under sail at sea or in narrow waters;

(d) the construction of rafts, jury rudders and jury masts;

(e) resources for preservation of the ship’s crew in the event of wreck;

(f) rescuing the crew of a disabled vessel;

(g) the law as to the engagement, discharge and management of the crew and the entries to be made in the official log book;

(h) bills of lading, charter parties, surveys;

(i) winds and currents along the coast within the limits for which he desires a certificate.

(2) The candidate must also answer satisfactorily any other questions appertaining to the duties of a Master in the limited coast-trade that the Examiner thinks necessary to ask.

DIVISION 2.—FORE-AND-AFT CERTIFICATES, LIMITED COAST-TRADE.

Fore-and-aft Certificates (Sub-grades A and B), Limited Coast-trade.

Value of Fore-and-aft Certificates, (Sub-grades A and B), L.C.T.

78. (1) A Fore-and-aft Certificate (Sub-grade A), limited coast-trade, shall entitle the lawful holder to serve, in the capacity stated in the certificate, or in a lower capacity, in any fore-and-aft rigged vessel employed within the limits of the particular section of the limited coast-trade specified in the certificate.

(2) A Fore-and-aft Certificate (Sub-grade B), limited coast-trade, shall entitle the lawful holder to serve, in the capacity stated in the certificate, in a fore-and aft rigged vessel under 300 tons net register employed within the limits of the particular section of the limited coast-trade specified in the certificate, or in a lower capacity, in a fore-and-aft rigged vessel of any tonnage employed within those limits.

Qualifications—Fore-and-aft Certificates (Sub-grades A and B), L.C.T.

79. The qualifications as to age and sea service of a candidate for a Fore-and-aft Certificate, limited coast-trade, of any grade and sub-grade shall be the same as are prescribed in these Regulations for candidates for the corresponding grades and sub-grades (if any) of Ordinary Certificates, limited coast-trade, excepting only that the service required to have been performed in sailing vessels may have been performed in fore-and-aft-rigged sailing vessels.

Examination.

80. The examination of a candidate for a Fore-and-aft Certificate, limited coast-trade, of any grade and sub-grade shall be the same as is prescribed in these Regulations for candidates for the corresponding grade and sub-grade (if any) of Ordinary Certificates, limited coast-trade, excepting only that as regards seamanship a knowledge of the management of square-rigged vessels shall not be required.

Part IV. Regs. 81-84.

Fore-and-aft Certificates (Sub-grade C), Limited Coast-trade.

Value of Fore-and-aft Certificates (Sub-grade C), L.C.T.

81. A Fore-and-aft Certificate (Sub-grade C), limited coast-trade, shall entitle the lawful holder to serve, in the capacity stated in the certificate, in a fore-and-aft rigged vessel under 100 tons net register employed within the limits of the particular section of the limited coast-trade specified in the certificate, or in any lower capacity determined in the manner prescribed in Schedule II.

Fore-and-aft Certificate, Mate (Sub-grade C), Limited Coast-trade.

Qualifications—Fore-and-aft Certificate, Mate, Sub-grade C, L.C.T.

82. A candidate for a certificate as Mate, Sub-grade C, of a fore-and-aft-rigged limited coast-trade ship must be not less than eighteen years of age, and have served three years at sea, of which one year must have been in sailing vessels.

Examination in Navigation.

83. In the examination in Navigation, a candidate for a certificate as Mate, Sub-grade C, of a fore-and-aft-rigged limited coast-trade ship shall be required—

(a) to show, to the satisfaction of the Examiner, that he is able to read and write English and to spell correctly;

(b) to work sums in addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, involving the use of the tables of money, and avoirdupois;

(c) to know at least one method of finding the distance from a point by bearings and distance run;

(d) to know the lights, tides, dangers and storm signals along the coast within the limits for which he desires a certificate; and

(e) to possess a fair working knowledge of the International Code of Signals.

Examination in Seamanship—Fore-and-aft Certificate, Mate, Sub-grade C, L.C.T.

84. (1) In the examination in Seamanship, a candidate for a certificate as Mate, Sub-grade C, of a fore-and-aft-rigged limited coast-trade ship must show, to the satisfaction of the Examiner, a knowledge of—

(a) the Rule of the Road for all classes of vessels, their regulation lights and fog and sound signals;

(b) the signals to exhibit when in distress or wanting a pilot;

(c) any special port signals in use locally;

(d) stowing and discharging cargo;

(e) the rigging of fore-and-aft-rigged vessels, and the bending, making, and taking in of fore-and-aft sails;

(f) the mooring and unmooring of a vessel at a wharf or in a roadstead;

(g) the marking and use of the lead and log lines;

(h) the use of the rocket apparatus and position of the local rocket stations;

(i) use and action of bulkhead sluices, ballast tanks and deck appliances.

(2) The candidate must also answer satisfactorily any other questions appertaining to the duties of Mate of a fore-and-aft-rigged vessel in the limited coast-trade that the Examiner thinks necessary to ask.

Part IV. Regs. 85-89.

Fore-and-aft Certificate, Master, Sub-grade C, Limited Coast-trade.

Qualifications—Fore-and-aft Certificate, Master, Sub-grade C, L.C.T.

85. A candidate for a certificate as Master, Sub-grade C, of a fore-and-aft-rigged limited coast-trade ship must be not less than twenty years of age, and have served four years at sea, of which—

(a) one year must have been in sailing vessels; and

(b) one year in a capacity for which a certificate not lower than that of

Mate, sub-grade C; or

Master, sub-grade D;

of a limited coast-trade ship is required.

Examination in Navigation.

86. In the examination in Navigation, a candidate for a certificate as Master, Sub-grade C, of a fore-and-aft-rigged limited coast-trade ship shall be required—

(a) to do all of the work prescribed in regulation 63; and

(b) to find the latitude by meridian altitude of the sun.

Examination in Seamanship—Fore-and-aft Certificate, Master, Sub-grade C, L.C.T.

87. (1) In the examination in Seamanship, a candidate for a certificate as Master, Sub-grade C, of a fore-and-aft rigged limited coast-trade ship must show, to the satisfaction of the Examiner, a knowledge of—

(a) the seamanship included in the examination for a certificate as Mate, Sub-grade C, of a fore-and-aft rigged limited coast-trade ship;

(b) action to be taken in case of accident to the vessel;

(c) rigging a sea anchor;

(d) the management of a vessel under fore-and-aft canvas, and also of a steam-ship in heavy weather; and

(e) the law as to the engagement and discharge of the crew and the entries to be made in the official log.

(2) The candidate must also answer satisfactorily any other questions appertaining to the duties of Master of a vessel in the limited coast-trade that the Examiner thinks necessary to ask.

Fore-and-aft Certificates (Sub-grade D), Limited Coast-trade.

Value of Certificate, Master, Sub-grade D, L.C.T.

88. A Fore-and-Aft Certificate (Sub-grade D), limited coast-trade, shall entitle the lawful holder to serve as Master of a fore-and-aft rigged vessel under 50 tons net register trading within a radius of 50 nautical miles from the port specified in the certificate, or as Mate of a fore-and-aft rigged vessel under 100 tons net register trading within the limits of the particular section of the limited coast-trade determined for that port by the Governor-General.

Fore-and-aft Certificate, Master, Sub-grade D, Limited Coast-trade.

Qualifications—Fore-and-aft Certificate, Master, Sub-grade D, L.C.T.

89. A candidate for a certificate as Master, Sub-grade D, of a fore-and-aft rigged limited coast-trade ship must be not less than nineteen years of age, and have served four years at sea, of which one year must have been in sailing vessels.

Parts IV. & V. Regs. 90-95.

Examination in Navigation.

90. In the examination in Navigation, a candidate for a certificate as Master, Sub-grade D, of a fore-and-aft rigged limited coast-trade ship shall be required—

(a) to do all of the work prescribed in regulation 83;

(b) to understand the use of Mercator’s chart; to lay down the position of the ship on a “magnetic” chart, having given the bearing and distance of an object, or from cross bearings of two objects; to find the compass course and the distance from one given position to another; and

(c) to find the time of high water at a given port by aid of the local tide tables.

Examination in Seamanship.

91. The examination in Seamanship for a candidate for a certificate as Master, Sub-grade D, of a fore-and-aft rigged limited coast-trade ship shall include a knowledge of the seamanship prescribed by regulation 84 of these Regulations for a certificate as Mate, Sub-grade C, of a fore-and-aft rigged limited coast-trade ship, with such additional questions relating to the duties of Master of a vessel in the limited coast-trade as the Examiner thinks necessary to ask.

division 3.—steam-ship certificates, limited coast-trade.

Value of Steam-ship Certificates, limited coast-trade.

92. A Steam-ship Certificate, limited coast-trade, of any grade and sub-grade shall have the same value with respect to the capacities in which the holder may serve and to distance and tonnage limits as is prescribed by these Regulations for the corresponding certificate for fore-and-aft rigged limited coast-trade ships, but shall be valid for steam-ships only.

Qualifications—Steam-ship Certificates, limited coast-trade.

93. The qualifications as to age and sea service of a candidate for a Steam-ship Certificate, limited coast-trade, of any grade and sub-grade shall be the same as are prescribed by these Regulations for candidates for the corresponding certificate for fore-and-aft rigged limited coast-trade ships, excepting only that the whole of the service may have been performed in steam-ships.

Examination—Steam-ship Certificates, limited coast-trade.

94. The examination of a candidate for a Steam-ship Certificate, limited coast-trade, of any grade and sub-grade shall be the same as is prescribed in these Regulations for candidates for the corresponding certificate for fore-and-aft rigged limited coast-trade ships, excepting only that as regards seamanship a knowledge of the management of a sailing vessel shall not be required.

Part V.—Qualifications and Examinations for River and Bay Certificates.

Total sea-service required for River and Bay Certificates.

95. The whole of the service required to qualify for any certificate for river and bay ships may have been performed in vessels engaged in the river and bay trade, but in the case of candidates for a certificate as Master of a river and bay ship, at least one year of the total service must have been performed in the particular river and bay trade for which the certificate is desired.

Part V. Regs. 96-100.

division 1.—fore-and-aft certificates—river and bay trade.

Fore-and-aft Certificates (Sub-grades A and B), River and Bay Trade.

Value of Fore-and-aft Certificates (Sub-grade A), river and bay trade.

96. A Fore-and-aft Certificate (Sub-grade A), river and bay trade shall entitle the lawful holder to serve, in the capacity stated in the certificate, or in a lower capacity, in any fore-and-aft rigged vessel employed within the limits of the particular section of the river and bay trade specified in the certificate.

Fore-and-aft Certificate, Mate, Sub-grade A, River and Bay Trade.

Qualifications—Fore-and-aft Certificate, Mate, Sub-grade A, river and bay trade.

97. A candidate for a certificate as Mate, Sub-grade A, of a fore-and-aft rigged river and bay ship must be not less than eighteen years of age, and have served three years at sea or in the river and bay trade, of which time not less than one year must have been in sailing vessels.

Examination.

98. In examination, a candidate for a certificate as Mate, Sub-grade A, of a fore-and-aft-rigged river and bay ship shall be required—

(a) to show, to the satisfaction of the Examiner, that he is able to read and write simple English and to spell correctly;

(b) to work sums in simple addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division;

(c) to know at least one method of finding the distance from a point by bearings and distance run;

(d) to know the port signals and the lights, tides, and dangers of the locality;

(e) to have a thorough knowledge of the Rule of the Road for all classes of vessels, their regulation lights, and fog and sound signals;

(f) to show a knowledge of the windlass and of the precautions to be observed when coming to anchor;

(g) to know how to set and take in fore-and-aft sails;

(h) to show a knowledge of the use and action of the bulk-head sluices and of deck appliances in sailing and in steam vessels; and

(i) to give satisfactory answers to any other questions appertaining to the duties of Mate in the river and bay trade that the Examiner thinks necessary to ask.

Fore-and-aft Certificate, Master, Sub-grade A, River and Bay Trade.

Qualifications—Fore-and-aft Certificate, Master, Sub-grade A, river and bay trade.

99. A candidate for a certificate as Master, Sub-grade A, of a fore-and-aft rigged river and bay ship must be not less than twenty years of age, and have served four years at sea or in the river and bay trade, of which time—

(a) one year must have been in sailing vessels; and

(b) one year in a capacity not lower than Master, Sub-grade B, or Mate, Sub-grade A, in the river and bay trade.

Examination.

100. In examination, a candidate for a certificate as Master, Sub-grade A, of a fore-and-aft rigged river and bay ship shall be required—

(a) to work sums in compound addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, involving the use of the tables of money and avoirdupois;

Part V. Regs. 101-105.

(b) to understand the use of Mercator’s chart; to lay down the position of the ship on a “magnetic” chart, having given the bearing and distance of an object, or from cross hearings of two objects; to find the compass course and the distance from one given position to another;

(c) to find the time of high water at a given port by aid of the local tide tables;

(d) to know the lights, tides, and dangers of the locality and any special port signals in use;

(e) to show a knowledge of the management of a fore-and-aft rigged sailing vessel when under sail;

(f) to know how to act in case of accidents to the vessel; and

(g) to answer any other questions appertaining to the duties of Master of a river and bay ship that the Examiner thinks necessary to ask.

Fore-and-aft Certificate, Master, Sub-grade B, River and Bay Trade.

Value of Fore-and-aft Certificate, Master, Sub-grade B, river and bay trade.

101. A Fore-and-aft Certificate (Sub-grade B), river and bay trade, shall entitle the lawful holder to serve as Master of a fore-and-aft rigged vessel, under 50 tons net register, employed within the limits of the particular section of the river and bay trade specified in the certificate, or as Mate of a fore-and-aft rigged vessel of any tonnage employed within those limits.

Qualifications—Fore-and-aft Certificate, Master, Sub-grade B, river and bay trade.

102. A candidate for a certificate as Master, Sub-grade B, of a fore-and-aft rigged river and bay ship must be not less than nineteen years of age, and have served four years at sea or in the river and bay trade, of which time not less than one year must have been in sailing vessels.

Examination.

103. The examination of a candidate for a certificate as Master, Sub-grade B, of a fore-and-aft rigged river and bay ship shall be the same as that prescribed by regulation 98 for a candidate for a certificate as Mate, Sub-grade A, of a fore-and-aft rigged river and bay ship, with such additional questions relating to the duties of a master in the river and bay trade as the Examiner thinks necessary to ask.

division 2.—steam-ship certificates, river and bay trade.

Steamship Certificates (Sub-grades A and B), River and Bay Trade.

Value of Steam-ship Certificates, river and bay-trade.

104. A Steam-ship Certificate as Master or Mate (Sub-grades A and B), river and bay trade, shall have the same value with respect to the capacities in which the lawful holder may serve and to distance and tonnage limits as is prescribed by these Regulations for the corresponding certificate for fore-and-aft rigged river and bay ships, but shall be valid for steam-ships only.

Qualifications—Steam-ship Certificates (Sub-grades A and B), river and bay trade.

105. The qualifications as to age and service of a candidate for a Steam-ship Certificate (Sub-grades A and B), river and bay trade, shall be the same as are prescribed by these Regulations for a candidate for the corresponding certificate for fore-and-aft rigged river and bay ships, excepting only that the whole of the service may have been performed in steam-ships.

Part V. Regs. 106-111.

Examination.

106. The examination of a candidate for a certificate as Master or Mate (Sub-grades A and B) of a river and bay steam-ship shall be the same as is prescribed in these Regulations for a candidate for the corresponding certificate for fore-and-aft-rigged river and bay ships excepting only that with regard to seamanship, a knowledge of the management of a sailing vessel shall not be required.

Steam-ship Certificates (Sub-grade C), River and Bay Trade (River Murray).

Value of Steam-ship Certificates (Sub-grade C), river and bay trade.

107. A Steam-ship Certificate (Sub-grade C), river and bay trade, shall entitle the lawful holder to serve, in the capacity stated in the certificate, or in a lower capacity, in any steam-ship plying solely on the River Murray or its tributaries: Provided that a Certificate as Master endorsed with a tonnage limit shall not entitle the holder to serve as Master in vessels exceeding the tonnage so endorsed.

Steam-ship Certificate.—Mate, Sub-grade C, River and Bay Trade.

Qualifications.

Steam-ship Certificate, Mate, Sub-grade C, river and bay trade.

108. A candidate for a certificate as Mate, Sub-grade C, of a river and bay steam-ship must be not less than eighteen years of age, and have served two years at sea or in the river and bay trade.

Examination.

109. In examination, a candidate for a certificate as Mate, Sub-grade C, of a river and bay steam-ship shall be required—

(a) to show, to the satisfaction of the Examiner, that he is able to read and write simple English and spell correctly;

(b) to work sums in simple addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division;

(c) to know the Rule of the Road and the regulation lights, fog and sound signals for vessels plying on the River Murray or its tributaries;

(d) to answer any questions appertaining to the duties of Mate of a river steam-ship that the Examiner thinks necessary to ask.

Steam-ship Certificate.—Master, Sub-grade C, River and Bay Trade.

Qualifications—Steam-ship Certificate, Master, Sub-grade C, river and bay trade.

110. (1) A candidate for a certificate as Master, Sub-grade C, of a river and bay steam-ship must be not less than nineteen years of age, and have served three years at sea or in the river and bay trade, of which time he must have served one year as mate or two years as barge master on the River Murray.

(2) In the case of a candidate who has served for one year as Mate while not holding the requisite certificate, the certificate issued will be endorsed as for steam-ships under 50 tons net registered tonnage only.

(3) On production of proof that the applicant has served one year as Master of a vessel under 50 tons net registered tonnage, or one year as Mate of a vessel over 100 tons net registered tonnage, whilst holding the endorsed certificate, he may, without further examination, be granted, in exchange for such certificate, a Sub-grade C certificate as Master without restriction as to tonnage.

Examination—Steam-ship Certificate, Master, Sub-grade C, river and bay trade.

111. In examination, a candidate for a certificate as Master, Sub-grade C, of a river and bay steam-ship shall be required—

(a) to work sums in compound addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, involving the use of tables of money and avoirdupois;

(b) to answer questions on local knowledge of the River Murray and its tributaries;

Part V. & VI. Regs. 112-115.

(c) to know what action to take in case of accident;

(d) to answer any other questions appertaining to the duties of Master of a river steam-ship that the Examiner thinks necessary to ask.

Part VI.—Qualifications and Examinations for Voluntary Certificates.

112. Voluntary examinations shall be held to enable persons who are qualified to obtain the following certificates:—

(a) Extra Certificate as Master of a foreign-going ship.

(b) Extra Certificate as Master of a foreign-going steam-ship.

(c) Certificate as Master of a British yacht.

(d) Extra Certificate as Master of a British yacht.

(e) Certificate as Master of an Australian yacht.

(f) Certificate for Efficiency in Navigation and Seamanship.

(g) Provisional Certificate as Master or Mate of a foreign-going ship.

(h) Compass Deviation Certificate.

(i) Signalling Certificate.

(j) Passed in Steam Certificate.

division 1.—extra certificates—foreign-going.

Extra Master, Foreign-going Ships.

Value of Certificate.

113. An Extra Certificate as Master of a foreign-going ship shall entitle the holder to go to sea as master of any vessel, sailing or steam.

Qualifications—Extra Master.

114. The Extra Examination may take place when the candidate is qualified to go up for examination for an Ordinary Certificate as Master of a foreign-going ship, or at any time subsequent to his passing the examination for that certificate.

Examination in Navigation.

115. (1) In the examination in Navigation, a candidate for an Extra Certificate as Master may, in addition to the requirements for the Ordinary Certificate as Master, be required—

(a) to find the latitude or position from double altitudes of the sun or of a star;

(b) to determine, from simultaneous observations of two different stars, the position of the ship, and the true bearing of the stars, by Sumner’s method. (The candidate may either determine the four longitudes from the two assumed latitudes which will be given, or solve the question in any other way he chooses.);

(c) to find the error of a chronometer from the altitude of the sun or of a star, observed with an artificial horizon or with the natural horizon;

(d) to explain clearly in writing the principles of (1) great circle sailing; (2) windward great circle sailing; (3) composite great circle sailing; and their advantages and disadvantages;

(e) to show approximately on a terrestrial globe the great circle track and the distance from one given point to another; also the latitude and longitude of vertex; and the longitude from vertex; and to explain how the track can then be transferred to a Mercator’s chart. (The candidate may be required to lay the track down on a chart.);

C. 17689.—3

Part VI. Regs. 116-117.

(f) to determine the initial great circle course, and the distant from one given position to another, the latitude and longitude of vertex, the longitude from vertex and the latitudes and longitudes through which the great circle will pass; laying the track, composite or otherwise, down on a Mercator’s chart, and explaining briefly how the course and distance from one point to another on this track is then found. (This problem may, subject to the decision of the Examiner, be solved either by calculation, or by any tables, graphic method, or great-circle chart known to and preferred by the candidate, and it will usually be set so as to leave the choice of method to the candidate.);

(g) to answer more advanced problems on plane and spherical trigonometry, and, on and after 1st January, 1926, to show a knowledge of elementary mensuration up to and including the measurement of ship-shaped bodies, plane geometry, and plane and spherical trigonometry up to and including the solution of acute-angled spherical triangles;

(h) to answer a paper on magnetism as relating to the compass;

(i) to construct a plan or chart on Mercator’s principle and solve a given problem thereon;

(j) to answer a paper on naval architecture, including ship construction and stability;

(k) to answer a paper on general knowledge, including shipping business, imports and exports, astronomy, and general elementary science (except chemistry).

(2) The candidate shall be examined orally on the following subjects:—

(a) The leading principles of the construction of the sextant and vernier; mechanical logs and sounding machines.

(b) The civil duties of a shipmaster, in which he must show a more extensive knowledge than a candidate for an Ordinary Certificate as Master of a foreign-going ship; and

(c) Signalling, in which he must attain a minimum speed of twelve words a minute in semaphore, ten words a minute in Morse flashing, and six words a minute in Morse flag-waving.

(3) The candidate shall be required to show the construction of all problems worked, in accordance with regulations 187 and 188.

Examination in Seamanship.

116. In the examination in Seamanship, a candidate for an Extra Certificate as Master shall, in addition to the requirements for an Ordinary Certificate as Master, give satisfactory answers to any questions in practical seamanship that the Examiner puts to him.

Extra Master.—Foreign-going Steam-ships.

Qualification—Extra Master, Steamships.

117. (1) Extra certificates shall also be issued, subject to the examination described below, to officers who can show the necessary service in steam-ships.

(2) The certificates shall entitle the holders to go to sea as masters of steam-ships only.

(3) The examination shall be open to all who are qualified to go up for a certificate as Master of a foreign-going steamship, or who have already obtained that certificate, and to candidates who have failed, in the examination for an Extra Certificate as Master, to show the requisite

Part VI. Regs. 118-123.

knowledge of the management of square-rigged sailing vessels, provided that in the latter case the candidates can prove the necessary amount of officer’s service in steam-ships.

Examination in Navigation.

118. The examination in Navigation of a candidate for an Extra Certificate as Master of a foreign-going steam-ship shall be the same as that prescribed by these Regulations for a candidate for an Extra Certificate as Master of a foreign-going ship.

Examination in Seamanship.

119. In the examination in Seamanship, a candidate for an Extra Certificate as Master of a foreign-going steamship shall, in addition to the requirements for a certificate as Master of a foreign-going steam-ship, give satisfactory answers to any questions appertaining to the management of a steam-ship that the Examiner puts to him.

division 2.—yacht certificates.

Master, British Yachts.

Value of Certificate.

120. A certificate as Master of a British yacht shall entitle the holder to command, in any waters, any pleasure yacht of which he is at the time the sole owner.

Qualifications—Master, British yachts.

121. (1) A candidate for a certificate as Master of a British sea-going yacht must be not less than twenty-one years of age.

(2) He must produce a statutory declaration to the effect—

(a) that he is the sole owner of the yacht;

(b) that the yacht is sea-going;

(c) that the yacht is not to be used for trading purposes.

(3) In all respects he must comply with the requirements of these Regulations relating to examinations of masters of foreign-going ships, except that he shall not be required to produce proofs of service at sea or of proficiency in “first aid”.

Examination in Navigation.

122. The examination in Navigation for a certificate as Master of a British yacht shall be the same as that prescribed by these Regulations for a candidate for an Ordinary Certificate as Master of a foreign-going ship, except that in the civil duties of a shipmaster the master of a yacht shall only be expected to possess a knowledge of what he is required by the Merchant Shipping Act to do.

Examination in Seamanship.

123. (1) In the examination in Seamanship, a candidate for a certificate as Master of a British yacht must show a knowledge of—

(a) making and taking in sail, and the management of a yacht under canvas in moderate and in stormy weather;

(b) the Rule of the Road at sea as regards both steam vessels and sailing vessels, their regulation lights and fog and sound signals;

(c) the signals of distress, and the signals to be made by ships wanting a pilot, and the liabilities and penalties incurred by the misuse of these signals;

(d) marking and using the lead and log lines;

(e) mooring and unmooring a ship;

(f) keeping a clear anchor, and carrying out an anchor;

(g) keeping a vessel out of the trough of the sea in the event of accident;

(h) rigging rafts and jury rudders;

Part VI. Regs. 124-127.

(i) the steps to take if a vessel is disabled or unmanageable and drifting towards a lee shore;

(j) the rise and management of the rocket apparatus in the event of his vessel being stranded;

(k) casting a ship on a lee shore;

(l) resources for the preservation of the crew in the event of wreck;

(m) the measures he should adopt for preventing and checking an outbreak of scurvy on board.

(2) The candidate must also give satisfactory answers to any other questions relating to the management of a yacht that the Examiner thinks necessary to ask.

Extra Master, Yacht.

124. An Extra Certificate shall be issued to the owner of a yacht who either holds, or is qualified to be examined for, a British Yacht Master’s Certificate, subject to the following examination:—

(a) The examination in Navigation shall be the same as that prescribed by regulation 115 for an Extra Certificate as Master of a foreign-going ship; and

(b) the subjects of examination in Seamanship shall be the same as those prescribed by these Regulations for a candidate for a British Yacht Master’s Certificate, but the candidate for an Extra Certificate must show a more extensive practical knowledge than is required of a candidate for the Yacht Master’s Certificate.

Master, Australian Yachts.

Value of Certificate.

125. A certificate as Master of an Australian yacht shall entitle the holder to command, in Australian waters, any pleasure yacht of which he is at the time the owner or part-owner.

Qualification—Master, Australian Yachts.

126. (1) A candidate for a certificate as Master of an Australian sea-going yacht must be not less than eighteen years of age.

(2) In all other respects he must conform with the requirements of regulation 121 (2) (3) relating to the qualifications of a candidate for a certificate as Master of a British sea-going yacht.

Examination in Navigation.

127. In the examination in Navigation, a candidate for a certificate as Master of an Australian yacht shall be required—

(a) to work a day’s work complete, correcting the courses for leeway, variation and deviation;

(b) to find by Time Azimuth tables the deviation of the compass, having the variation given;

(c) to find, on a chart or plan, the course or courses to steer and the distance from one given position to another; to find the ship’s position together with the set and drift (if any) on the chart from cross-bearing of two objects; to find the ship’s position from two bearings of the same object, the course and distance run between taking the bearings being given, making due allowance for a given current; also the distance of the ship from the object or any given position at the time of taking the second bearing;

(d) to find the time of high water at a given place by the aid of the Admiralty or local tide-tables;

(e) to have a working knowledge of the International Code of Signals, and know the semaphore and Morse alphabets.

Part VI. Regs. 128-130.

Examination in Seamanship.

128. (1) In the examination in Seamanship, a candidate for a certificate as Master of an Australian yacht must show, to the satisfaction of the Examiner, a knowledge of—

(a) making and taking in sail, and the management of a yacht under steam or sail in any weather or position;

(b) the Rule of the Road at sea as regards both steam vessels and sailing vessels, their regulation lights and fog and sound signals;

(c) the signals to exhibit when in distress or wanting a pilot;

(d) any special port signals in use locally;

(e) marking and using the lead and log lines;

(f) rigging and using a sea anchor.

(2) The candidate must also answer satisfactorily any other questions appertaining to the management of a yacht which the Examiner thinks necessary to ask.

division 3.—certificates for naval reserve purposes.

Certificates of Efficiency in Navigation and Seamanship for Members of the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve.

129. (1) Officers belonging to the Royal Australian Naval Volunteer Reserve may be examined for either the Ordinary or Extra Certificate of Efficiency in Navigation and Seamanship.

(2) Candidates for commissions in the Royal Australian Naval Volunteer Reserve may also be examined for the Ordinary Certificate of Efficiency, but not for the Extra Certificate.

(3) The examinations shall be the same as those prescribed by these Regulations to be passed by owners of British sea-going pleasure yachts to obtain the Ordinary or Extra Certificates as Master of their own yachts.

(4) The Certificates of Efficiency are purely honorary and are not available for use, under the Navigation Act or the Merchant Shipping Act, in any capacity whatever on board a ship which is required to carry a certificated officer.

(5.) The name of any officer or candidate for a commission who desires to be examined must be submitted to the Minister by the Commanding Officer of his Division, together with the name of the port at which he wishes the examination to be held.

(6) If the application is approved, the candidate must attend personally at a Mercantile Marine Office, to make application in Form M. & M.—B., and to pay the required fee.

Provisional Certificates.

130. (1) Provisional Certificates for foreign-going ships or for foreign-going steam-ships, according to the candidate’s qualification, are granted, on the conditions stated below, to any officer of the Mercantile Marine who requires such a certificate to qualify him for appointment to or promotion in the Naval Reserve.

(2) The certificates are issued for Naval Reserve purposes only, and do not authorize the holders to go to sea as First Mate or Master.

(3) Candidates for the certificates must make application in Form M. & M.—B. at a Mercantile Marine Office, and pay the prescribed fee.

(4) Before a candidate can be examined he must produce his First or Second Mate’s Certificate of Competency, and an authority from the Registrar-General of Seamen.

Part VI. Regs. 131-134.

Qualifications—First Mate, Provisional.

131. (1) Provisional Certificates as First Mate shall be granted to candidates who can prove that they have served five years at sea and that during one year of that period they have served in a capacity not lower than Fourth Mate whilst holding a Second Mate’s foreign-going certificate. Candidates must pass the usual examination for First Mate, foreign-going, Ordinary or Steam-ship, as the case may be, and pay the prescribed fee.

(2) The Provisional Certificate may be exchanged for the full corresponding certificate as First Mate, without further payment or examination, on production of satisfactory proof that the holder has served at sea not less than twelve months in a foreign-going vessel in a capacity not lower than Fourth Mate, and that during the whole of that period he has been in regular charge of a watch, and in possession of a full certificate as Second Mate, foreign-going.

Qualifications—Master, Provisional.

132. (1) Provisional Certificates as Master shall be granted to candidates who can prove not less than six and a half years’ service at sea and who pass the usual examination for Master, foreign-going, Ordinary or Steam-ships, as the case may be, and pay the prescribed fee.

(2) Two and a half years of the service required by the last preceding sub-regulation must have been served in a capacity not lower than Fourth Mate of a foreign-going steam-ship, during the last twelve months of which the candidate must have been in possession of a full certificate as First Mate, foreign-going.

(3) The Provisional Certificate may be exchanged for the full corresponding certificate as Master, without further payment or examination, on production of satisfactory proof that the holder has served at sea either—

(a) not less than two and a half years in a foreign-going vessel in charge of a watch, in a capacity not lower than Fourth Mate, and that during twelve months of this period he has served as Second Mate while in possession of a full certificate as First Mate, foreign-going; or

(b) not less than three and a half years in a foreign-going vessel in charge of a watch in a capacity not lower than Fourth Mate, and that during two years of this period he has served in a capacity not lower than Third Mate whilst in possession of a full certificate as First Mate, foreign-going.

division iv.—certificates for special subjects.

Compass Deviation.

Voluntary Examination in Compass Deviation.

133. (1) Any person holding a certificate of any grade, who wishes to pass a voluntary examination in Compass Deviation, may be examined upon making application in Form M. & M.—B., and paying to the Superintendent of the Mercantile Marine Office the fee prescribed in Schedule I.

(2) If the candidate passes the examination a note to that effect shall be entered upon his Certificate of Competency.

Signalling.

Voluntary Examination in Signalling.

134. (1) The examination in Signalling, as prescribed for candidates for a certificate as Extra Master, shall be open as a voluntary examination to all persons holding, or who have passed for, or who are candidates for, a Certificate of Competency of any grade (see Appendix D).

Part VI. Regs. 135-140.

(2) If the candidate passes, the fact, with the date and place of passing, shall be recorded upon his Certificate of Competency.

(3) Candidates may be examined upon making application in form M. & M.—B. and paying the fee prescribed in Schedule I.

(4) No fee, however, shall be charged for this examination if it is taken at the same time as that at which a candidate is examined for any Certificate of Competency.

Steam.

Voluntary Examination in Steam.

135. (1) Examinations shall be held for the purpose of giving masters and mates who are possessed of Certificates of Competency an opportunity of undergoing a voluntary examination as to their practical knowledge of the use and working of the steam engine.

(2) The examinations shall be conducted by the examiners of engineers.

Qualifications.

136. The examination shall be open to any person who holds a certificate of any grade. (Full particulars of the examination are given in Appendix E.)

Application for Examination in Steam.

137. (1) Candidates for examination in Steam must make application in Form E.—A. at a Mercantile Marine Office, pay the fee prescribed in Schedule I., and deposit their certificates and testimonials with the Superintendent, who will inform them when and where to attend to be examined.

(2) The usual testimonials for sobriety and good conduct for at least the last eighteen months preceding the date of application to be examined must be produced.

Indorsement of Certificate.

138. (1) If the candidate passes, the words “Certified to have passed in Steam”, with the date and place of examination, shall be entered on the certificate and its duplicate.

(2) The indorsement of a master’s or mate’s certificate for “steam” shall not be taken to mean that the holder is qualified to perform the duties of an engineer.

Examination in Steam.

Failure.

139. If the candidate fails to pass, he shall not be entitled to again present himself for examination in Steam until the expiration of three months from the date of failure.