Commonwealth legislation

Australian War Memorial Heritage Management Plan 2022

In ForceCTH

Jurisdiction

Commonwealth

Collection

legislative instrument

Plain English Summary

7/10 complexity

This Heritage Management Plan (HMP) sets the Australian War Memorial’s internal procedures to conserve the Memorial’s listed National and Commonwealth heritage values. It requires staff and contractors to complete self‑assessments, commission Heritage Impact Assessments where significant impacts are possible, and refer controlled actions under the EPBC Act. It affects Memorial managers, project proponents (including the AWM Development Project), Indigenous stakeholders and approval agencies because it allocates who decides, what approvals are required, monitoring routines, consultation duties and related compliance costs.

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What it does

This document is a Heritage Management Plan (HMP) for the Australian War Memorial (AWM), prepared by GML Heritage Pty Ltd and presented as the Memorial’s operational framework for identifying, protecting, conserving, presenting and transmitting its listed heritage values. It is not primary legislation. The HMP performs these mechanical functions, as described in the source:

Establishes the HMP as the Memorial’s primary heritage management document and requires formal adoption by the Memorial as the basis for future management (Policy 1.1.1, Section 6.2; Executive Summary). Section 6.2 and Appendix C map the HMP against the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act) regulatory requirements (Schedules 5A and 7A of the EPBC Regulations), and Appendix C contains a compliance checklist confirming the HMP addresses the requirements in the Regulations (Appendix C, multiple entries).
Translates statutory duties under the EPBC Act and associated Regulations into operational procedures and decision tools: a decision-making flowchart (Appendix A), a Heritage Impact Self-Assessment Form and guidance (Appendix B), and EPBC compliance checklists (Appendix C). The HMP requires staff to self-assess proposed actions and, if a significant impact on heritage values is possible, to prepare a Heritage Impact Assessment (HIA) and refer the action to the Environment Minister for approval (Policy 1.1.3, Section 6.2; Appendix B).
Updates and replaces prior heritage/conservation planning documents for the AWM (Section 1.2), and consolidates the Memorial’s Heritage Register prepared under s 341ZB(1)(c) of the EPBC Act (Section 1.5).
Sets out conservation policies and actions (Sections 6.0-6.3) with timing and responsibilities, including general policies for the whole site and component-level policies (for example, the Commemorative Area, Pool of Reflection and carved stone figures; Section 6.3).

Current sections

Direct links to the current provisions in Australian War Memorial Heritage Management Plan 2022.

Australian War Memorial

Heritage Management Plan

Revised Final Report

Report prepared for the Memorial

March 2022

Australian War Memorial, Roll of Honour cloisters with bright red poppies in the brass panels.
Sydney Office Level 6, 372 Elizabeth Street Surry Hills NSW Australia 2010 T +61 2 9319 4811 Canberra Office 2A Mugga Way Red Hill ACT Australia 2603 T +61 2 6273 7540 GML Heritage Pty Ltd ABN 60 001 179 362 www.gml.com.au

Report Register

The following report register documents the development and issue of the report entitled Australian War Memorial—Heritage Management Plan—Revised Final Report, undertaken by GML Heritage Pty Ltd in accordance with its quality management system.

Job No.	Issue No.	Notes/Description	Issue Date
18-0245	1	Draft Report	4 September 2018
18-0245	2	Revised Draft Report	8 July 2019
18-0245	3	Final Draft Report	5 August 2019
18-0245	4	Final Report	13 September 2019
18-0245B	5	Revised Final Report	29 May 2020
18-0245B	6	Revised Final Report with minor amendments	26 June 2020
18-0245B	7	Revised Final Report (DAWE comments amendments)	8 June 2021
18-0245B	8	Revised Final Report (DAWE and AWM comments amendments)	22 June 2021
18-0245B	9	Revised Final Report (for DAWE review)	2 July 2021
18-0245B	10	Revised Final Report (for AHC review)	12 August 2021
18-0256B	11	Revised Final Report (AHC Review)	29 November 2021
18-0245B	12	Revised Final Report (AHC Amendments)	11 February 2022
18-0245B	13	Revised Final Report (minor AHC Amendments)	10 March 2022

Quality Assurance

GML Heritage Pty Ltd operates under a quality management system which has been certified as complying with the Australian/New Zealand Standard for quality management systems AS/NZS ISO 9001:2008.

The report has been reviewed and approved for issue in accordance with the GML quality assurance policy and procedures.

Historical sources and reference material used in the preparation of this report are acknowledged and referenced at the end of each section and/or in figure captions. Reasonable effort has been made to identify, contact, acknowledge and obtain permission to use material from the relevant copyright owners.

Unless otherwise specified or agreed, copyright in this report vests in GML Heritage Pty Ltd (‘GML’) and in the owners of any pre-existing historic source or reference material.

Moral Rights

GML asserts its Moral Rights in this work, unless otherwise acknowledged, in accordance with the (Commonwealth) Copyright (Moral Rights) Amendment Act 2000. GML’s moral rights include the attribution of authorship, the right not to have the work falsely attributed and the right to integrity of authorship.

Right to Use

GML grants to the client for this project (and the client’s successors in title) an irrevocable royalty- free right to reproduce or use the material from this report, except where such use infringes the copyright and/or Moral Rights of GML or third parties.

Cover Image: Roll of Honour, AWM. (Source: GML, 2018)

Contents Page

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Contents Page

Executive SummaryAbbreviations and Definitions	iiii
Abbreviations	iii
Australian War Memorial Terms	iv
Definitions and Terminology	iv
1.0 Introduction	1
1.1 Background	1
1.2 Previous Heritage and Conservation Management Plans	1
1.3 Location of the Site	2
1.4 Heritage Listings	3
1.5 Heritage Register	6
1.6 Consultation	6
1.7 Endnotes	7
2.0 Understanding the Place—Historical Context	8
2.1 Aboriginal Cultural and Historical Context	8
2.2 Origins and Establishment	8
2.3 Expansion and Evolution	14
2.4 New Meanings	16
2.4.1 The Western Precinct—1999 to Present	19
2.4.2 The Eastern Precinct	24
2.5 Australian War Memorial Development Project 2019-2028	25
2.5.1 Project Development	25
2.5.2 Initial Business Case (2017)	25
2.5.3 Detailed Business Case—Development of Options	27
2.5.4 Design Development	37
2.5.5 The Replacement of Anzac Hall	40
2.5.6 Project Development Outcomes	42
2.5.7 Community Response to the Development Project and Designs	43
2.5.8 Closure and demolition of Anzac Hall	43
2.6 Endnotes	44
3.0 Understanding the Place—Physical Context	45
3.1 Topographic Context	45
3.2 Physical Description	45
3.2.1 The Main Memorial Building	49
3.2.2 The Commemorative Area	49
3.2.3 The Galleries	52
3.2.4 The Dioramas	55
3.2.5 ANZAC Hall	56
3.2.6 The Administration Building	57
3.2.7 CEW Bean Building	57

Executive Summary

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Executive Summary

War memorials are ubiquitous expressions of Australian nationhood. They appear amongst every concentration of people across the country, from our cities to our tiny outback towns. But the grandest of these expressions, the monument that strives to honour all forms of remembrance and all events that need to be remembered, is the Australian War Memorial (AWM) in Canberra.

The AWM is Australia’s National Shrine to those Australians who lost their lives and suffered as a result of war. It is an important place to the Australian community as a whole and has special associations with veterans and their families and descendants of those who fought in wars for Australia.

The AWM is unique in Australia and believed rare in the world as a purpose built repository where the nature of commemoration is based in equal parts in the relationship between the building, the collections of objects and records and the commemorative spaces.

Its physical presence alone is a dominant feature of the nation’s capital: an Art Deco edifice at the head of Anzac Parade facing the federal houses of parliament across Lake Burley Griffin.

A shrine, a museum, an archive, a formal landscape and an outstanding collection of buildings, the AWM offers itself to the nation as a place for reflection, research, education and ceremony. It embodies many heritage values which are recognised by its inclusion in the National Heritage List along with Anzac Parade, the Commonwealth Heritage List, the Register of the National Estate, the ACT Royal Australian Institute of Architects’ National Heritage List and Register of Significant Twentieth Century Architecture, the ACT National Trust Register.

The Commonwealth’s Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act) and its accompanying regulations (EPBC Regulations) oblige government agencies to conserve and manage the heritage values of sites in their control. The legislation defines heritage principles that agencies must follow and directs agencies to create documents for guiding their care of heritage places, including this Heritage Management Plan.

This Heritage Management Plan (HMP) acts as a practical guide for conserving, managing and interpreting the site’s heritage. It begins by describing the AWM in detail: its history, its features and its heritage values. It discusses factors that need to be considered when managing the site, such as its statutory context and compliance requirements. The final sections of the plan provide conservation policies for the place’s managers and staff to follow. The report includes a collection of appendices that give further guidance and detailed information for asset managers and curators alike.

To conserve the AWM’s heritage values, the heritage legislation, a range of organisations and the general public, other management documents, logistics, forward planning and changing cultural attitudes need to be considered. This HMP acknowledges the significant obligations they place on the site’s managers and emphasises the need for community involvement and great care in any future development of the AWM.

Mindful of these issues, this plan provides useful policies to guide the Memorial to care for the site’s heritage values from day to day. Section 6.2 outlines general policies for the whole site and Section 6.3 focuses on individual parts in more detail. The policies cover conservation processes; management processes; stakeholder consultation and community involvement; interpretation; documentation, monitoring and review; and use, access and security. Recommended actions and timing for implementation are provided for each policy.

Abbreviations and Definitions

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Abbreviations and Definitions

Abbreviations

The following table outlines a range of standard abbreviations used in the preparation of heritage management plans as well as specific abbreviations for this report.

Abbreviation	Definition
ACT	Australian Capital Territory
AHC	Australian Heritage Council
AHDB	Australian Heritage Database
AIA	Australian Institute of Architects
AR	Archival Recording, or Record
AWM	Australian War Memorial
BCA	Building Code of Australia
BS	Buildings and Services
BSS	Buildings and Services Section
CAM	Communications and Marketing
CHL	Commonwealth Heritage List
CMG	Corporate Management Group
CMP	Conservation Management Plan
Cth	Commonwealth
DAWE	Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment
DCP	Development Control Plan
DEX	Digital Experience
EPBC Act	Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cth)
FCAC	Federal Capital Advisory Committee
GML	GML Heritage Pty Ltd
HA	Heritage Assessment
HIA	Heritage Impact Assessment
HMP	Heritage Management Plan
ICOMOS	International Council on Monuments and Sites
ILO	Indigenous Liaison Officer
LGA	Local Government Area
MNES	Matter of National Environmental Significance
NC Act	Nature Conservation Act 2014 (ACT)
NAA	National Archives of Australia
NCA	National Capital Authority
NCP	National Capital Plan
NFSA	National Film and Sound Archive

Australian War Memorial Terms

To assist with understanding the references provided in this report, the Australian War Memorial terms used have been defined below.

Term	Definition
Australian War Memorial (AWM)	Refers to the buildings (including the main Memorial building, ANZAC Hall, Administration building, the CEW Bean Building and Poppy’s Café), and surrounding grounds located at Campbell, ACT, that are managed by the Memorial (see above) as a national shrine, museum and archive.
AWM Mitchell Precinct	Refers to the buildings located at Mitchell, ACT that are managed by the Memorial. It includes Treloar A (also known as the Annex), Treloar B, Treloar C, Treloar D (the Old Post Office), Treloar E and Treloar F (currently under lease).
The Memorial	Refers to the organisational body and its people that manages the AWM and the AWM Mitchell Precinct (see above).
Main Memorial Building	Refers to the sandstone building located at the AWM.

Definitions and Terminology

Term	Definition
Commonwealth Heritage List (CHL)	The CHL is a list of heritage places which are within a Commonwealth area (land owned or leased by the Commonwealth) which have been identified as having one or more Commonwealth Heritage values. To have Commonwealth Heritage values a place must have been assessed as being significant against one or more of the nine Commonwealth Heritage criteria. Places in the list can have natural, Indigenous and/or historic heritage values, or a combination of these, and range from places of local through to world heritage levels of importance.
Commonwealth Heritage criteria	Under s 341D of the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cth) (EPBC Act), these are the criteria prescribed in the EPBC Regulations at reg 10.03A to establish if a place within a Commonwealth area has significant heritage value for its natural, Indigenous or historic heritage values.
Commonwealth Heritage values	Commonwealth Heritage values are the legally listed values for which a place is included in the CHL. These can comprise one or more natural and cultural (historic or Indigenous) aspects such as significance for reasons of historical, research, aesthetic or social importance, or due to a place’s significant rarity, creative or technical achievement, characteristic features of a class of place, association with important people or importance as part of Indigenous tradition.

1.0

Introduction

1.0 View image in the official source

Introduction

1.1

Background

1.1 Background

The AWM is a national shrine, a museum and an archive located in the northern Canberra suburb of Campbell in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT). It is managed by the Memorial and is a major research centre and tourist attraction, now consistently attracting more than one million visitors per year.1

These functions of the AWM are supported by the AWM Mitchell Precinct, which is also managed by the Memorial. The AWM Mitchell Precinct, consisting of Treloar A (also known as Annex A), Treloar B, Treloar C, Treloar D (the Old Post Office), Treloar E and Treloar F (currently under lease), provides additional storage and conservation facilities for the AWM collection in the suburb of Mitchell, ACT.

The values of the AWM are recognised through its inclusion in the National Heritage List (NHL) and the Commonwealth Heritage List (CHL) (refer to Appendix E and F for the official citations). The EPBC Act requires that a HMP be prepared for National and Commonwealth Heritage places to conserve, present and transmit their heritage values.

This HMP has been prepared by GML Heritage Pty Ltd (GML) in line with the requirements of the EPBC Act and its Regulations. A compliance table showing how this HMP meets the requirements of the EPBC Act and its Regulations is included at Appendix C. Additional text has been provided by the Memorial, in particular on the Australian War Memorial Development Project 2019–2028, provided 27 November 2021, at Sections 2.5, 5 and 6.

1.2

Previous Heritage and Conservation Management Plans

1.2 Previous Heritage and Conservation Management Plans

This HMP will update and replace the previous management plans for the AWM, which are listed as follows:

 Godden Mackay Logan Pty Ltd 2011, Australian War Memorial Heritage Management Plan, prepared for the Australian War Memorial, Canberra;

 Pearson, M and Crocket, G 1995, Australian War Memorial Conservation Management Plan (CMP), prepared for Bligh Voller Architects (referred to as the 1995 CMP);

 Crocket, G 1997, Australian War Memorial Significance Assessment Report, prepared for Bligh Voller Architects; and

 Bligh Voller Nield and HMC 1997, Australian War Memorial Heritage Conservation Masterplan, prepared for the Australian War Memorial.

The 1995 CMP was based on the Register of the National Estate (RNE) listing (date of listing 21 October 1980, Place ID 13286). Entry in the Commonwealth Heritage List (CHL) occurred in 2004 while entry in the National Heritage List (NHL) occurred in 2006.

The Memorial has also produced a Heritage Strategy and Heritage Register to meet and manage its heritage obligations under the EPBC Act and its Regulations. The heritage values of the AWM Mitchell Precinct have been assessed in the AWM Heritage Register.

1.3

Location of the Site

1.3 Location of the Site

The AWM is located in the ACT suburb of Campbell and is bounded by Limestone Avenue to the southwest, Fairbairn Avenue to the southeast and Treloar Crescent to the north. It is sited in a crucial symbolic location at the terminus of the land axis of Walter Burley Griffin’s plan for Canberra (refer to Figure 1.1).

The AWM has an area of approximately 14 hectares, including the whole of Section 39, Campbell, and is located at the foot of Mount Ainslie. This boundary is the area of land owned and controlled by the Memorial and is also the boundary of the Commonwealth Heritage listing for the AWM (refer to Section 1.4).

The AWM comprises:

 the main Memorial Building;

 ANZAC Hall;

 the CEW Bean Building;

 the Administration Building;

 Poppy’s café; and

 landscaped grounds incorporating sculptures, memorials, large technology objects, plaques, the Parade Ground and commemorative and landscape plantings (refer to Figure 1.2).

During the drafting this plan (September 2018–June 2021) the Memorial has scheduled the commencement of a development project at the AWM Campbell site. The development includes the removal and replacement of Anzac Hall, creation of a glazed link connecting the main Memorial Building and the new Anzac Hall, and a new Research Centre. These elements will be located in, and around, the main Memorial Building. This project has been approved under the EPBC Act, and the Memorial will manage the project in accordance with the conditions of this approval; this includes management of the project under the previous Heritage Management Plan (2011) under which the proposal was developed, submitted and approved.

1.4

Heritage Listings

1.4 Heritage Listings

The AWM is entered in the CHL and the listing boundary is shown in Figure 1.2. The CHL citation is included in Appendix E.

The AWM is also entered in the NHL. The National Heritage listing incorporates the whole of Anzac Parade (including the median strip and its monuments) and the AWM, shown in Figure 1.3. The complete NHL citation is included in Appendix F. The area of the National Heritage listing is approximately 25 hectares, with Anzac Parade owned and controlled by the National Capital Authority (NCA), not the Memorial. This HMP does not cover the Anzac Parade portion of the National Heritage place, which has its own HMP.2

The AWM also falls within the Parliament House Vista (see Figure 1.4), another Commonwealth Heritage place. The complete CHL citation is included in Appendix F.

Table 1.1 Summary of Statutory Heritage Listings Relevant to the AWM.

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="margin-left:26.65pt; border-collapse:collapse"><tbody><tr style="height:18.95pt"><td style="width:122.12pt; border-right:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top; background-color:#f79546"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:4.05pt; margin-left:5.95pt; font-size:9.5pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Place</span></p></td><td style="width:116.95pt; border-right:0.75pt solid #000000; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top; background-color:#f79546"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:4.05pt; font-size:9.5pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Location</span></p></td><td style="width:65.45pt; border-right:0.75pt solid #000000; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top; background-color:#f79546"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:4.05pt; margin-left:5.3pt; font-size:9.5pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Class</span></p></td><td style="width:72.75pt; border-right:0.75pt solid #000000; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top; background-color:#f79546"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:4.05pt; margin-left:5.35pt; font-size:9.5pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Status</span></p></td><td style="width:75.28pt; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top; background-color:#f79546"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:4.05pt; margin-left:5.4pt; font-size:9.5pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold">Place</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold; letter-spacing:-0.5pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Number</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:18.45pt"><td colspan="5" style="width:455.55pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-left:6.1pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold">National</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold; letter-spacing:-0.35pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold">Heritage</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold; letter-spacing:-0.3pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold; letter-spacing:-0.2pt">List</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:29.95pt"><td style="width:122.12pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-right:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-right:2pt; margin-left:5.95pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Australian</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.6pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">War</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.55pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Memorial</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.6pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">and the Memorial Parade</span></p></td><td style="width:116.95pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-right:5.55pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Anzac</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.6pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Parade,</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.55pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Campbell, </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt">ACT</span></p></td><td style="width:65.45pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-left:5.3pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Historic</span></p></td><td style="width:72.75pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-left:5.35pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Listed</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.35pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Place</span></p></td><td style="width:75.28pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-left:5.4pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">105889</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:18.45pt"><td colspan="5" style="width:455.55pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-left:6.1pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold">Commonwealth</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold; letter-spacing:-0.4pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold">Heritage</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold; letter-spacing:-0.45pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold; letter-spacing:-0.2pt">List</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:29.85pt"><td style="width:122.12pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-right:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-left:5.95pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Australian</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.4pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">War</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.4pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Memorial</span></p></td><td style="width:116.95pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-right:5.55pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Anzac</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.6pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Parade,</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.55pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Campbell, </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt">ACT</span></p></td><td style="width:65.45pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-left:5.3pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Historic</span></p></td><td style="width:72.75pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-left:5.35pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Listed</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.35pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Place</span></p></td><td style="width:75.28pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-left:5.4pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">105469</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:18.45pt"><td style="width:122.12pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-right:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-left:5.95pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Parliament</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.45pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">House</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.35pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Vista</span></p></td><td style="width:116.95pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Anzac</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.3pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Parade,</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.35pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Parkes,</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> ACT</span></p></td><td style="width:65.45pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-left:5.3pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Historic</span></p></td><td style="width:72.75pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-left:5.35pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Listed</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.35pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Place</span></p></td><td style="width:75.28pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-left:5.4pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">105466</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table>

1.5

Heritage Register

1.5 Heritage Register

The Memorial has prepared a Heritage Register in accordance with Section 341ZB (1)(c) of the EPBC Act and has assessed the heritage values of each place it owns and controls. The Heritage Register is a separate document that was created by GML for the Memorial in August 2020.

The AWM has eight entries in the Heritage Register, as set out in Table 1.2.

Table 1.2 Places Owned and Controlled by the Memorial with Commonwealth and National Heritage Value.

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="margin-left:11.75pt; border-collapse:collapse"><tbody><tr style="height:19.4pt"><td style="width:81.32pt; border-right:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top; background-color:#f79546"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.95pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Location</span></p></td><td style="width:109.4pt; border-right:0.75pt solid #000000; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top; background-color:#f79546"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.95pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold">Element</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold">of</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold; letter-spacing:-0.15pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Place</span></p></td><td style="width:104.25pt; border-right:0.75pt solid #000000; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top; background-color:#f79546"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.95pt; margin-left:5.15pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold">Register</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold">Entry</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Number</span></p></td><td style="width:157.68pt; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top; background-color:#f79546"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.95pt; margin-left:5.15pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold">CHL/NHL</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold; letter-spacing:-0.5pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Status</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:33.45pt"><td rowspan="8" style="width:81.32pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-right:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold; letter-spacing:-0.25pt">AWM</span></p></td><td style="width:109.4pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Entire</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.3pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">AWM</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt">site</span></p></td><td style="width:104.25pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-left:5.15pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">CH100</span></p></td><td style="width:157.68pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-left:5.15pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">CHL</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Place</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">ID</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">105469</span></p><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.5pt; margin-left:5.15pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Within</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">NHL</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Place</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">ID</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">105889</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:33.45pt"><td style="width:109.4pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Hall</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.6pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">of</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.55pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Memory,</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.6pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Courtyard and Roll of Honour</span></p></td><td style="width:104.25pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-left:5.15pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">CH101</span></p></td><td style="width:157.68pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:0.8pt; margin-right:28.45pt; margin-left:5.15pt; line-height:15pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">Within</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.45pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">CHL</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.45pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">Place</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.45pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">ID</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.5pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">105469 Within</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">NHL</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">Place</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">ID</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">105889</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:33.35pt"><td style="width:109.4pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Galleries</span></p></td><td style="width:104.25pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-left:5.15pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">CH102</span></p></td><td style="width:157.68pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:0.8pt; margin-right:28.45pt; margin-left:5.15pt; line-height:15pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">Within</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.45pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">CHL</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.45pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">Place</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.45pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">ID</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.5pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">105469 Within</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">NHL</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">Place</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">ID</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">105889</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:33.45pt"><td style="width:109.4pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.55pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Dioramas</span></p></td><td style="width:104.25pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.55pt; margin-left:5.15pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">CH102.001</span></p></td><td style="width:157.68pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:0.55pt; margin-right:28.45pt; margin-left:5.15pt; line-height:14.5pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">Within</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.45pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">CHL</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.45pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">Place</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.45pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">ID</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.5pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">105469 Within</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">NHL</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">Place</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">ID</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">105889</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:33.45pt"><td style="width:109.4pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Landscape</span></p></td><td style="width:104.25pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-left:5.15pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">CH103</span></p></td><td style="width:157.68pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:0.8pt; margin-right:28.45pt; margin-left:5.15pt; line-height:15pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">Within</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.45pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">CHL</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.45pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">Place</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.45pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">ID</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.5pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">105469 Within</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">NHL</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">Place</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">ID</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">105889</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:33.45pt"><td style="width:109.4pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Lone</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> Pine</span></p></td><td style="width:104.25pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-left:5.15pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">CH103.001</span></p></td><td style="width:157.68pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:0.8pt; margin-right:28.45pt; margin-left:5.15pt; line-height:15pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">Within</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.45pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">CHL</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.45pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">Place</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.45pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">ID</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.5pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">105469 Within</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">NHL</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">Place</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">ID</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">105889</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:33.45pt"><td style="width:109.4pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Sculpture</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.5pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Garden</span></p></td><td style="width:104.25pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-left:5.15pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">CH103.003</span></p></td><td style="width:157.68pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:0.8pt; margin-right:28.45pt; margin-left:5.15pt; line-height:15pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">Within</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.45pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">CHL</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.45pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">Place</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.45pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">ID</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.5pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">105469 Within</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">NHL</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">Place</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">ID</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">105889</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:33.45pt"><td style="width:109.4pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Aboriginal</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.6pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt">site</span></p></td><td style="width:104.25pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-left:5.15pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">CH103.004</span></p></td><td style="width:157.68pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:0.8pt; margin-right:28.45pt; margin-left:5.15pt; line-height:15pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">Within</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.45pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">CHL</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.45pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">Place</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.45pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">ID</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.5pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">105469 Within</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">NHL</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">Place</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt">ID</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-size:10pt; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">105889</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:29.85pt"><td style="width:81.32pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-right:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.35pt; margin-right:22.6pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold">AWM</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold; letter-spacing:-0.6pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold">Mitchell </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Precinct</span></p></td><td style="width:109.4pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.35pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Treloar</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.5pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">A</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.55pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">(also</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.5pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">known</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.5pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">as Annex A)</span></p></td><td style="width:104.25pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-left:5.15pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">CH104</span></p></td><td style="width:157.68pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.35pt; margin-left:5.15pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Not</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.6pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">listed.</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.55pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Identified</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.6pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Commonwealth Heritage values</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table>

1.6

Consultation

1.6 Consultation

GML consulted with the Building and Services Section within the AWM Corporate Services Branch throughout the preparation of the HMP.

Consultation with relevant Indigenous community members was undertaken in the preparation of this HMP in 2018. This consultation was undertaken in accordance with the Ask First Guidelines.3 In the ACT there are four Representative Aboriginal Organisations (RAOs) with whom consultation should be undertaken for heritage related projects. These RAOs are:

 Buru Ngunawal Aboriginal Corporation;

 King Brown Tribal Group;

 Mirrabei (formerly known as Little Gudgenby River Tribal Council); and

 Ngarigo Currawong Clan.

1.7

Endnotes

1.7 Endnotes

1 Australian War Memorial 2017, Australian War Memorial Corporate Plan, 2017-2021, Australian War Memorial, Canberra, p 5.

2 Geoff Butler & Associates et al., Anzac Parade, Canberra—Heritage Management Plan, report prepared for National Capital Authority, August 2013.

3 Australian Heritage Commission 2002, Ask First: A Guide to Respecting Indigenous Heritage Places and Values, Australian Heritage Commission, Canberra.

2.0

Understanding the Place—Historical Context

2.0 View image in the official source

Understanding the Place—Historical Context

This section provides a summary of the history of both the AWM as a place and the Memorial as an organisation. It draws on the historical analysis presented in the 1995 CMP1 and 2011 HMP, supplemented with additional material relating to the recent history of the place.

Further historical information regarding individual elements within the AWM is provided in the Heritage Register.

2.1

Aboriginal Cultural and Historical Context

2.1 Aboriginal Cultural and Historical Context

Tribal boundaries within Australia are largely based on linguistic evidence and it is probable that boundaries, clan estates and band ranges were fluid and varied over time. Consequently, ‘tribal boundaries’ as delineated today must be regarded as approximations only and relative to the period of, or immediately before, European contact. Social interaction across these language boundaries appears to have been a common occurrence.

According to Tindale,2 the territories of the Ngunawal, Ngarigo and the Walgalu peoples coincide and meet in the Queanbeyan area. The AWM probably falls within the tribal boundaries of the Ngunawal people.

References to the traditional Aboriginal inhabitants of the Canberra region are rare and often difficult to interpret.3 However, the consistent impression is one of rapid depopulation and a desperate disintegration of a traditional way of life over little more than 50 years from initial European contact.4 This process was probably accelerated by the impact of European diseases, which may have included the smallpox epidemic in 1830, influenza, and a severe measles epidemic by the 1860s.5

By the 1850s the traditional Aboriginal economy had largely been replaced by an economy based on European commodities and supply points. Reduced population, isolation from the most productive grasslands, and the destruction of traditional social networks meant that the final decades of the region’s semi-traditional Indigenous culture and economy was centered around European settlements and properties.6

By 1856 the local ‘Canberra Tribe’, presumably members of the Ngunawal, were reported to number around 707 and by 1872 only five or six ‘survivors’ were recorded.8 In 1873, one so-called ‘pure blood’ member remained, known to the European community as Nelly Hamilton or ‘Queen Nellie’.

Combined with other ethnohistorical evidence, this lack of early accounts of Aboriginal people led Flood 9 to suggest that the Aboriginal population density in the Canberra region and Southern Uplands was generally quite low.

Frequently, only so called ‘pure blooded’ individuals were considered ‘Aboriginal’ or ‘tribal’ by European observers. This consideration made possible the assertion of local tribal ‘extinctions’. In reality, ‘Koori’ and tribal identity remained integral to the descendants of the nineteenth-century Ngunawal people, some of whom continue to live in the Canberra/Queanbeyan/Yass region.

2.2

Origins and Establishment

2.2 Origins and Establishment

The origins of the AWM are integrally associated with CEW Bean, Australia’s official war correspondent during World War I (refer to Figure 2.1). Bean envisioned a national war museum in Australia’s new capital, Canberra, which would house the relics and trophies of battle. At the same time, Bean was actively working towards earning Australia the right to keep and maintain its own war

2.3

Expansion and Evolution

2.3 Expansion and Evolution

The AWM is a place that has always adapted by responding to society’s changing need for commemoration and perceptions of the significance of military history generally. The decision to include World War II in the scope of the AWM necessitated extensions to the space available for display (refer to Figure 2.10). In 1961 the Roll of Honour panels commemorating the dead of World War I were installed within the cloisters (refer to Figure 2.9). Supplementary panels commemorating later conflicts have continued to be installed since the 1960s, with the panels updated annually to reflect those involved in ongoing conflicts. In 1968–1971 two wings were constructed to extend the transepts of the main Memorial building. These extensions were entirely in keeping with the original concept of the building, utilising the same design and stonework. The extensions of the transepts

2.4

New Meanings

2.4 New Meanings

The installation of the Tomb of the Unknown Australian Solider in 1993 signaled another significant evolution in the meaning of the AWM. The famous speech delivered by the then prime minister, Paul Keating, at the interment signaled that, more than ever before, the sacrifice of ordinary men and women in war was seen as crucial to national identity:11

The Unknown Australian Soldier we inter today was one of those who by his deeds proved that real nobility and grandeur belongs not to empires and nations but to the people on whom they, in the last resort, always depend.

That is surely at the heart of the Anzac story, the Australian legend which emerged from the war. It is a legend not of sweeping military victories so much as triumphs against the odds, of courage and ingenuity in adversity. It is a legend of free and independent spirits whose discipline derived less from military formalities and customs than from the bonds of mateship and the demands of necessity.

It has been suggested that with the interment of the Unknown Australian Soldier the meaning of the Hall of Memory has been clarified and entrenched as a national mausoleum and the heart of the AWM.12 With the growth of the importance of ‘heritage’ through the 1990s, memorials to war have taken on new meanings in Australian society; it has been argued that they provide a mythology or even a sacred component for the secular modern nation.13 This is reflected in a dynamic period of change and development across the AWM, mirroring the rise in the symbolic cultural importance of memorials which commemorate the sacrifice of Australians in war. From the mid-1990s to the present, the Memorial has expanded and upgraded its galleries and exhibitions and also made significant changes to its surrounding grounds. Between 1996 and 1999, the Memorial undertook Gallery Development Stage One. This included redeveloping the Second World War Galleries and Research Centre, relocating and changing the Post 1945 Galleries, the redesign and expansion of the Orientation Gallery and the creation of a temporary exhibition space. These were opened by then Prime Minister John Howard.

2.5

Australian War Memorial Development Project 2019-2028

2.5 Australian War Memorial Development Project 2019-2028

On 1 November 2018, the Australian Government approved, and committed funding for the Australian War Memorial (Development Project (the Project). This section includes text provided by the Memorial.

The scope of the Project is to construct additional exhibition spaces to enable the Memorial to continue to comply with the Australian War Memorial Act 1980; to equitably tell the stories of all Australian servicemen and women who have served overseas in conflicts and operations. This section provides additional information, prepared by the Memorial, on the background and development of the Project.

2.5.1 Project Development

In 2014 the Memorial identified, through its business planning process, the need to examine how it would tell the stories of recent and then ongoing service in wars and on peacekeeping and peacemaking operations. This was included as a priority in its 2014-17 Corporate Plan and research undertaken into possible ways to meet this need.

In 2017 the Memorial received funds under a New Policy Proposal to Government for an Initial Business Case (IBC) to examine this need.

The IBC was scoped to examine the following four key issues:

a lack of capacity to provide equitable coverage of conflicts and operations;

a lack of capacity to describe a broader description of war;

a lack of circulation space; and

poor accessibility and access.

2.5.2 Initial Business Case (2017)

The Initial Business Case (IBC) undertook an initial, broad, approach to examining the four key issues presented above before moving to more detailed examination of options

2.6

Endnotes

2.6 Endnotes

1 Pearson, M and Crockett, G, Australian War Memorial: Conservation Management Plan, report prepared for Bligh Voller Architects and The Australian War Memorial, April 1995.

2 Tindale, N 1940, Map showing the distribution of the Aboriginal tribes of Australia, T.F.E Moore, Government Photolithographer, Adelaide.

3 Flood, J 1980, The moth hunters: Aboriginal prehistory of the Australian Alps, Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies, Canberra

4 Officer 1989 Namadgi pictures: the Aboriginal rock art sites within the Namadgi National Park, ACT: their recording, significance, analysis and conservation. Heritage Unit & ACT Parks and Conservation Service, ACT.

5 Flood, J 1980, The moth hunters: Aboriginal prehistory of the Australian Alps, Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies, Canberra; Butlin, N 1984, ‘Macassans and the Aboriginal smallpox: the “1789” and “1829” epidemics’, Working papers in economic history, Australian National University No. 22, Canberra.

6 Officer, K 1989, Namadgi pictures: the Aboriginal rock art sites within the Namadgi National Park, ACT: their recording, significance, analysis and conservation, Heritage Unit & ACT Parks and Conservation Service, ACT.

7 Shumack, S, ‘Canberra Blacks’, Sydney Morning Herald, 11 June 1927, p 9.

8 Goulburn Herald, 9 November 1872.

9 Flood, J 1980, The moth hunters: Aboriginal prehistory of the Australian Alps, Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies, Canberra.

10 Australian War Memorial website, ‘Lieutenant Colonel John Linton Treloar’ <http://www.awm.gov.au/people/327.asp>.

11 Funeral Service of the Unknown Australian Soldier, speech by Paul Keating <http://australianpolitics.com/executive/keating/93-11- 11_unknown-soldier.shtml>.

12 Michael Pearson Heritage Management Consultants and Graeham Crockett Marleesh 1995, Australian War Memorial: Conservation Management Plan.

13 See for instance Inglis, KS 2008, Sacred places, War Memorials in the Australian Landscape, Melbourne University Press, third edition; Seal, G 2007, ‘ANZAC: the sacred in the secular’, Journal of Australian Studies, March 2007.

14 Johnson Pilton Walker Pty Ltd, Australian War Memorial Campbell Precinct Site Development Plan Review, report prepared for Australian War Memorial, November 2017, p 16.

3.0

Understanding the Place—Physical Context

3.0 View image in the official source

Understanding the Place—Physical Context

This section provides a description of the physical fabric of the AWM.

3.1

Topographic Context

3.1 Topographic Context

The AWM lies on the lower southwest-facing basal slopes of the Mount Ainslie and Mount Pleasant ridgeline water catchment. An unnamed tributary that drained into the Molonglo River (now Lake Burley Griffin) is located along the eastern boundary of the site.

The bedrock geology of the area is dominated by the Ainslie volcanics, which consist of Devonian rocks including rhyolite, dacite, tuff, and quartz porphyry.1 Soils within the area typically include red earths and red and yellow podzolic soils. Massive earths of a red or brown colour occur on the fan deposits flanking Mount Ainslie.2

The area is characterised by a constructed, undulating landscape where extensive landscaping and modification has subsumed the original landscape topography. Vegetation at the AWM site largely represents cultural plantings since the 1940s. The native vegetation is discussed further in Section 3.2.10.

3.2

Physical Description

3.2 Physical Description

The AWM is located at the northern end of the land axis, the major planning axis that runs from Parliament House on Capital Hill through Federation Mall and Parkes Place and along Anzac Parade to Mount Ainslie (refer to Figure 3.1). The AWM has an elevated position at the end of Anzac Parade and is framed by Mount Ainslie in the background (refer to Figure 3.2).

The immediate site of the AWM is the area bounded by Limestone Avenue, Fairbairn Avenue and Treloar Crescent. The AWM is part of a larger landscape structured by the land axis and includes Anzac Park and Anzac Parade, as well as the Remembrance Nature Park on the slopes of Mount Ainslie behind the AWM. The AWM and Anzac Parade form part of the Parliament House Vista and are visually linked to the nearby Reid Conservation Area (refer to Figure 3.3). The AWM is associated with the many memorials that line Anzac Parade and commemorate specific aspects of Australia’s involvement in various theatres of international conflict.

Individual elements that comprise the AWM are briefly described below and are shown in Figure 3.4. Detailed descriptions, location maps and plans of the different elements of the place briefly outlined below are to be found in the Heritage Register and are to be used in conjunction with this HMP. The Heritage Register also contains a full list of the awards the Memorial has received recognising the creative and technical achievement of the AWM.

At the time of drafting this plan September 2018–June 2021, a project to expand the AWM is scheduled to commence. The development project will result in changes to the physical layout and features of the site, including internally in galleries and visitor amenity spaces, and externally with the creation of a new iteration of Anzac Hall, a glazed link between the new Anzac Hall and the main Memorial Building, a new Research Centre, the Parade Ground and the surrounding landscape. The physical descriptions in this section respond to the site before the development project commenced, and may change as the site undergoes development.

All photographs were taken by GML in 2018 unless otherwise indicated.

3.3

Comparative Analysis

3.3 Comparative Analysis

3.3.1 Introduction

This section provides a desktop-based comparative analysis to establish the relative importance, rarity and representativeness of the AWM in relation to other war memorials and national cultural institutions.

Representativeness refers to a place having value because it is a fine representative example of an important class of a significant place or environment.11

The comparative analysis below comprises two parts: the comparison of the Memorial with other memorials in Australia—notably those in Melbourne and Sydney; and with other national cultural institutions in Canberra.

3.3.2 War Memorials in Australia

Image result for War Memorial Sydney

Figure 3.51 ANZAC War Memorial, Sydney. (Source: NSW Government)

ANZAC War Memorial, Sydney

The ANZAC War Memorial is located near Liverpool Street in Hyde Park, Sydney. It is considered the state’s principal commemorative and interpretive monument to the service and sacrifice of Australians in armed conflicts.

In 1916, the Returned Sailors & Soldiers Imperial League of Australia (RSSILA) began collecting money for the establishment of an ANZAC memorial building. While initially developed for ANZAC soldiers who fought in the Gallipoli campaign, it later came to represent all Australians who lost their lives in World War I.

Following much debate and division regarding the purpose and style of the memorial, a design competition for the new building was launched in 1923. Included in the competition’s restrictions were Australian applicants only and a cost limit of £75,000, and the building was required to have office accommodation for the RSSILA and other soldiers’ associations. The competition was won by Sydney architect Charles Bruce Dellit. Dellit deviated from the classical symbolism of the time in favour of more abstract images, incorporated into an Art Deco style stepped ziggurat.12 For example:13

The statues on the four corners at the top of the edifice were to be the ‘Four Seasons, representing Eternity’. Lower down on the sixteen buttresses were ‘symbolical figures representing the arts of war and peace’ and level with the top of the buttresses were ‘bas reliefs of Australian soldiers’. On the eastern and western sides were ‘symbolical groups’ of statuary – one representing ‘peace crowning endurance and courage’, the other ‘victory after sacrifice’. Above the northern and southern doors were classical quotations.

3.4

Conclusion

3.4 Conclusion

The comparative analysis demonstrates that the AWM is one of a broader class of national cultural institutions established in Caberra to preserve and promote Australia’s national culture and sense of identity. The AWM’s significant architecture and prominent positioning within the centre of Canberra, including within the boundaries of the Parliament House Vista, are principal characteristics of national institutions established within Canberra.

The AWM also serves as an important early example of the use of the Australian Art Deco architectural style, through its use of contrasting horizontal lines, vertical features and Art Deco detailing.

The AWM is rare, compared with other national cultural institutions located within Canberra, for its unique function as a combined shrine, museum and archive.

3.5

Endnotes

3.5 Endnotes

1 Canberra 1:250,000 geological map, second edition, 1964.

2 Walker, PH 1978, Soil-Landscape Associations of the Canberra Area, Division of Soils Divisional Report No. 29, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australia.

3 Michael Pearson Heritage Management Consultants and Graeham Crockett Marleesh 1995, Australian War Memorial: Conservation Management Plan.

4 The dioramas are the subject of a separate Register entry.

5 Condé, A 1991, ‘A marriage of sculpture and art: dioramas at the Memorial’, Journal of the Australian War Memorial, 19, p 56.

6 Condé, A 1991, ‘A marriage of sculpture and art: dioramas at the Memorial’, Journal of the Australian War Memorial, 19, p 58.

7 Hewitt, T 1984, ‘Diorama presentation’, Journal of the Australian War Memorial, 5, p 32.

8 Hewitt, T 1984, ‘Diorama presentation’, Journal of the Australian War Memorial, 5, p 33.

9 Australian War Memorial files, correspondence, File Nos. 89/1431 and 234/004/008.

10 Gold Leaf Tree Services, Tree Management Plan—Australian War Memorial, report prepared for Australian War Memorial, February 2018.

11 NSW Heritage Office, Heritage Terms and Abbreviations 1991, Department of Urban Affairs and Planning NSW,

12 State Heritage Inventory, 2011, 'Anzac Memorial', 5053512*, viewed 24 August 2018.

13 NSW Government Architect's Office, ANZAC Memorial Conservation Management Plan, report prepared for Trustees of the ANZAC Memorial, September 2015, p 37.

14 Department of the Environment and Energy 1998, ‘The Shrine of Remembrance, St Kilda Rd, Melbourne, VIC, Australia’, Australian Heritage Database.

15 National Museum of Australia 2018, National Museum of Australia Strategic Plan 2018–2022.

16 National Museum of Australia, ‘About our collection’, viewed 21 August 2018 <http://www.nma.gov.au/collections/about-the-national- historical-collection>.

17 National Archives of Australia 2018, ‘Welcome to the National Archives’, viewed 21 August 2018 <http://naa.gov.au/about-us/>.

18 National Archives of Australia 2018, ‘Managing our collection’, viewed 21 August 2018 <http://www.naa.gov.au/collection/managing- collection/index.aspx>.

19 National Library of Australia, ‘Who We Are’, viewed 22 August 2018 https://[www.nla.gov.au/about-us/who-we-are](http://www.nla.gov.au/about-us/who-we-are)\.

20 National Gallery of Australia 2017, Corporate Plan, p 5, viewed 23 August 2018 <https://nga.gov.au/aboutus/download/2017- 18ngacorporateplan.pdf>.

21 National Gallery of Australia 2018, ‘The Building’, viewed 23 August 2018 https://nga.gov.au/aboutus/building/index.cfm.

22 Australian Government, Royal Australian Mint, ‘About the Mint’, viewed 23 August 2018 https://[www.ramint.gov.au/about-mint](http://www.ramint.gov.au/about-mint)\.

23 Australian Government, Royal Australian Mint, ‘About the Mint’, viewed 23 August 2018 https://[www.ramint.gov.au/about-mint](http://www.ramint.gov.au/about-mint)\.

24 Australian Government, Royal Australian Mint, ‘About the Mint’, viewed 23 August 2018 https://[www.ramint.gov.au/about-mint](http://www.ramint.gov.au/about-mint)\.

25 Museum of Australian Democracy 2018, Strategic Plan 2018–23 https://[www.moadoph.gov.au/about/](http://www.moadoph.gov.au/about/)\.

26 Museum of Australian Democracy 2018, Strategic Plan 2018–23 https://[www.moadoph.gov.au/about/](http://www.moadoph.gov.au/about/)\.

4.0

Understanding the Heritage Values

4.0 View image in the official source

Understanding the Heritage Values

4.1

Introduction

4.1 Introduction

The AWM is a place of recognised National and Commonwealth Heritage value—included on the NHL in 2006 (Place ID: 105889) and the CHL in 2004 (Place ID: 105469). The official citations are included in Appendix E and F.

National and Commonwealth Heritage values have a specific meaning under the EPBC Act and these are the values that the Australian Heritage Council have identified, and the Minister has officially listed for a place. As such, any statutory obligations under the EPBC Act related to National and Commonwealth Heritage values apply to the values as gazetted and stated in the official listing. Following the EPBC Act and Regulations, Commonwealth agencies have a responsibility to identify, assess and monitor listed and possible National and Commonwealth Heritage values of places they own or manage. The management of National and Commonwealth Heritage places also should respect all heritage values of the place. In addition, the EPBC Act protects all heritage values on Commonwealth land from actions which are likely to have a significant impact on these values (also refer to Section 5.2.2).

The purpose of this section is to explain the legislative requirements (refer to Section 4.2) and state the listed National and Commonwealth Heritage values of the AWM as officially gazetted and listed. Section

4.4 provides a commentary on the listed values to validate them, ensure that any changes, errors and/or gaps are addressed, and any new heritage values are identified. This HMP provides the AWM with the framework to manage the listed National and Commonwealth Heritage values and to ensure that any recommended updated or additional values (identified in the commentary in Section 4.4) are acknowledged and appropriately managed (through this HMP).

4.2

Identifying Heritage Values

4.2 Identifying Heritage Values

Assessments of heritage value identify whether a place has heritage significance, establish what the heritage values are, and why the place (or an element of a place) is considered important and valuable to the community. Heritage values are embodied in attributes, such as the location, function, form and fabric of a place. Intangible attributes may also be significant, including use, access, traditions, cultural practices, knowledge and the sensory and experiential responses that the place evokes. All attributes need to be considered when assessing a place.

The Burra Charter: the Australia ICOMOS Charter for Places of Cultural Significance 2013 (the Burra Charter) and its Guidelines for the Assessment of Cultural Significance recommends that significance is assessed in categories such as aesthetic, historic, technical, scientific and social significance.

Identifying the many layers of value of heritage—its sites, places, elements and collections—and assessing their relative values through this report provides the knowledge base needed for the framing and implementation of heritage management and conservation policies discussed in Section 6.0.

4.2.1 Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cth)

Section 528 of the EPBC Act defines the ‘heritage value’ of a place as including the place’s natural and cultural environment, having aesthetic, historic, scientific or social significance, or other significance, for current and future generations of Australians. The EPBC Act therefore covers all forms of cultural significance (Indigenous and non-Indigenous) and natural heritage significance.

4.3

National and Commonwealth Heritage Values

4.3 National and Commonwealth Heritage Values

4.3.1 National Heritage List Statement of Significance

The following Statement of Significance is from the National Heritage citation for the ‘Australian War Memorial and the Memorial Parade’.

The Australian War Memorial (AWM) is Australia’s national shrine to those Australians who lost their lives and suffered as a result of war. As such it is important to the Australian community as a whole and has special associations with veterans and their families including the Returned & Services League of Australia. These special associations are reinforced on ANZAC Day and at ceremonies specific to particular memorials on Anzac Parade.

The AWM in its setting was a direct consequence of the First World War, one of the seminal events in Australian history. Official war correspondent, Charles Bean, believed that the war would have a strong influence on the creation of a sense of nationhood and a distinctly Australian character and identity. Bean’s vision of a war memorial as a place to house the objects made sacred by their direct association with the events and sacrifice of Australians at war was embodied in the establishment of the AWM. A purpose built repository, the AWM is a place where the nature of commemoration was based on an integral relationship between the building, commemorative spaces and the collections of objects and records. This is rare in Australia and uncommon in the world. The AWM has a unique and important function in collecting and displaying objects and records of Australians’ experience of war. It has the potential to yield information that will contribute to Australia’s social, political and military history.

The role of the AWM with its central location in the nation’s capital is an important landmark in Australia and a popular national icon. Although the AWM was not part of the original design for Canberra, Walter Burley Griffin agreed that it would be a fitting structure for its prominent position. The surrounding landscape design, indigenous and exotic plantings and setting and sympathetic location of associated structures and the symmetry of land axis have maintained the importance of the views of the AWM and its dominance in the landscape. As the terminating building at the northern end of the land axis of Griffin’s plan for Canberra, the AWM makes a major contribution to the principal views from both Parliament Houses and from Mount Ainslie. Major features of the original site include: the main building; the external fabric; the ceremonial landscape including indigenous and exotic plantings immediately in front of the main building; the Lone Pine tree; and displays and sculptures. The Hall of Memory with the Tomb of the Unknown Australian Soldier and in conjunction with aspects of its setting, demonstrates changing and evolving concepts of commemoration. The courtyard and its honour colonnade, the reflection pool and plantings contribute to its outstanding significance.

The AWM in its setting is of outstanding importance for its aesthetic characteristics. The place is highly valued for its great beauty by the Australian community and veteran groups. The main building and the surrounding landscape, the Hall of Memory, the Roll of Honour, ANZAC Hall and the collections act as reminders of important events and people in Australia’s history. The AWM triggers disturbing and poignant responses from the vast majority of visitors and has also inspired artistic works such as paintings and photographs.

4.4

National and Commonwealth Heritage Values Commentary

4.4 National and Commonwealth Heritage Values Commentary

4.4.1 Status of Heritage Values

As noted in Section 4.1, National and Commonwealth Heritage values have a specific meaning under the EPBC Act and any suggested changes or additional values identified through this revised assessment do not formally alter the listed heritage values under the EPBC Act. Rather, they provide an understanding of the heritage significance of the site to inform ongoing management, while continuing to recognise the status of the listed National and Commonwealth Heritage values.

4.5

Other Heritage Values

4.5 Other Heritage Values

4.5.1 Natural Heritage Values

As discussed in Section 3.0, the AWM grounds retain a small number of trees that are possible remnants of the native woodland vegetation from prior to the AWM’s construction. The AWM does not currently have National or Commonwealth Heritage-listed natural values — the ‘remnant’ trees are not items of

4.6

Summary of National and Commonwealth Heritage Values

4.6 Summary of National and Commonwealth Heritage Values

The AWM is a place of National and Commonwealth Heritage value. The listed National Heritage values state that the Memorial holds National Heritage value against criteria (a) Processes, (b) Rarity, (c) Research Potential, (e) Aesthetic Characteristics, (g) Social Values and (h) Significant People, with

4.7

Endnotes

4.7 Endnotes

1 Australian Heritage Commission, Ask First: A Guide to Respecting Indigenous Heritage Places and Values 2002, Canberra, p 6.

2 Australian Heritage Commission 2002, Ask First: A Guide to Respecting Indigenous Heritage Places and Values, Canberra, p 6.

3 Australian Heritage Commission 2002, Australian Natural Heritage Charter: For the conservation of places of natural heritage significance, 2nd, Australian Heritage Commission, Canberra.

4 Australian Heritage Commission 2002, Australian Natural Heritage Charter: For the conservation of places of natural heritage significance, 2nd, Australian Heritage Commission, Canberra, p 2.

5 Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment, Australian Heritage Database, ‘Australian War Memorial, Anzac Pde’, viewed 1 May 2020 <http://www.environment.gov.au>.

6 Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment, Australian Heritage Database, ‘Australian War Memorial and the Memorial Parade, Anzac Pde’, viewed 1 May 2020 <http://www.environment.gov.au>.

7 Marshall, D et al., Parliament House Vista Area, Heritage Management Plan, vol. 1, report prepared for National Capital Authority, 2010.

8 Australian Heritage Database ‘Parliament House Vista, Anzac Pde’, viewed 1 May 2020 <http://www.environment.gov.au>.

9 Anderson, B 1991, Imagined Communities: reflections on the origin and spread of rationalsim, Second edition, Verso, London, New York.

5.0

Issues and Constraints

5.0 View image in the official source

Issues and Constraints

5.1

Introduction

5.1 Introduction

This section discusses the issues affecting the future conservation, management, presentation and interpretation of the AWM’s heritage values—both listed National and Commonwealth Heritage values, and other/additional values identified through the heritage values commentary in Section 4.0. It leads to, contextualises, and provides the justification for the management policies and processes set out in Section 6.0.

The key issues for the ongoing management of the AWM derive from:

the nature of and obligations arising from its heritage values, which are embodied in the tangible fabric, setting and context of the building, landscape and collections, but also in the intangible associations and symbolic meanings of the place;

the legislation that governs its management, principally the EPBC Act and its Regulations and the Australian War Memorial Act 1980, but also the Australian Capital Territory (Planning and Land Management) Act 1988 and the National Capital Plan (NCP);

the vision and priorities of the Memorial, as identified by the board and staff; and

the requirements and aspirations of the AWM’s users, visitors and broader stakeholder community.

5.2

The Legislative and Management Framework

5.2 The Legislative and Management Framework

5.2.1 Australian War Memorial Act 1980 (Cth)

The Memorial is a statutory authority within the Veterans’ Affairs portfolio and functions in accordance with the requirements of the Australian War Memorial Act 1980 (Cth), the Commonwealth Authorities Companies Act 1987 (Cth), and other applicable acts. The functions of the Memorial are set out in the Australian War Memorial Act 1980 as follows:

(1) The functions of the Memorial are:

(a) to maintain and develop the national memorial referred to in subsection 6(1) of the Australian War Memorial Act 1962 as a national memorial of Australians who have died:
(i) on or as a result of active service; or

(ii) as a result of any war or warlike operations in which Australians have been on active service;

(b) to develop and maintain, as an integral part of the national memorial referred to in paragraph (a), a national collection of historic material;
(c) to exhibit, or to make available for exhibition by others, historical material from the memorial collection or historical material that is otherwise in the possession of the Memorial;
(d) to conduct, arrange for and assist in research into matters pertaining to Australian history; and

(e) to disseminate information relating to:

(i) Australian military history;

5.3

Conservation and Condition Monitoring

5.3 Conservation and Condition Monitoring

5.3.1 Monitoring Heritage Values

The Memorial has a set routine to ensure the regular monitoring of the condition of the facilities and collection. The Memorial has a schedule and system of inspections that is carried out by various sections. For example:

All plant rooms are inspected by Buildings and Services staff on a monthly basis. These inspections are to check for potential issues such as cracks, weeps, leaks, and vermin.

A crack monitoring program has been underway for many years. Due to the stable condition of existing building cracks, this has been extended to carrying out inspections every 5 years.

All Visitor Services staff are required to monitor building and collection condition for damage or degradation. They prepare reports that are sent to Security for processing by the appropriate section or area of the Memorial.

Security is required to monitor the condition of the buildings, grounds and collection during their routine area patrols and report to the Memorial on a case by case basis.

5.3.2 Approvals

The Memorial has a staged approach to undertaking works with all new work and maintenance activities, including those of a minor, medium or significant scale, requiring the preparation of a heritage impact assessment as part of the approval process. The following provides a summary of the approval process for different scales of new works and maintenance activities:

Significant new work or maintenance activities require a Submission to the Corporate Management Group (CMG) and this Submission must include a detailed Heritage Impact Assessment (HIA) before it will be considered by the CMG.

Medium scale new works or maintenance activities require a ‘Brief to the CMG’. The Brief must contain a HIA before it will be considered by the CMG.

Minor new works and Building & Exhibition maintenance activities both require an application, including a Heritage Impact Assessment (less detailed than for larger scale works/activities), to be prepared before the relevant Section Head will review and approve the works.

5.4

Landscape

5.4 Landscape

5.4.1 Tree Management

In addition to the identified values of the formal and informal landscape of the AWM as a whole, trees have been planted individually, and as elements within larger monuments. Of particular note is the Lone Pine and two Aleppo pine reserve plantings propagated from the original. The original Lone Pine, planted in 1934, is actively managed to ensure its longevity, with reserve plantings being established to provide continuity of the specimen on the site.

Other trees on the site, whilst not individually significant, also contribute to the visual setting of the main Memorial building, and the character of the site generally. These are also managed to ensure longevity, and with regard for public safety, particularly those located in high traffic areas, and species known to drop limbs. This requires regular checking and pruning; however, damage caused by cockatoos is increasing the risk of limb failure in a number of notable specimens in front of the main Memorial building.

The Tree Management Plan outlines the condition and risk associated with each tree located on the site and provides specific management recommendations.

The large trees in the Central Precinct of the landscape, and along pathways into the Sculpture Garden, inhibit security monitoring of the site in areas with CCTV video. Under lighting of large trees within the Eastern Precinct has been implemented to improve amenity in these areas as well as appreciation of the larger and more significant specimens.

The Western Precinct features mature plantings of exotic trees amongst the open lawn areas, garden beds and paths. Species of trees chosen in the Western Precinct are generally exotic, and complement the formality of the landscape, such as the two large spreading oaks. Others have symbolic associations, such as the Lone Pine, cherry trees surrounding the British Commonwealth Occupation Forces Memorial, and the silver birch behind the Australian Serviceman Memorial.11

Plantings within the Central and Eastern Precincts comprise both formal landscaped areas, such as the Parade Ground, and National Service Memorial, as well as informal native plantings, predominantly eucalypt species. Landscaping behind Poppy’s Café is planted with eucalypts of assorted species and ages blending this area of the site in with the backdrop of Mount Ainslie. The only identified remnant trees are Eucalyptus melliodora and Eucalyptus bridgesiana, yet other species have also been planted. There has been varying degrees of success due to the climate (including inconsistent rainfall) and wind tunnel conditions in this portion of the site.

5.4.2 Pests and Faunal Disturbance

The Memorial actively manages invasive species across the site. Subsidence due to extensive rabbit burrowing has been repaired in the area of the Administration Building in 2016. Changes to the landscaping within the Western Precinct have been undertaken to minimise habitats conducive to occupation by rabbits including the replacement of juniper bushes within the precinct with ivy, underlain with chicken wire. This is consistent with the plantings along Anzac Parade. While the works have successfully removed the rabbit population from the Western Precinct, there is ongoing but opportunistic works undertaken to eradicate them in the Eastern Precinct.

5.5

Site Use

5.5 Site Use

Previous management plans have noted change to the AWM as an ongoing part of its history, in order to continue serving its various functions. Conservation management planning for the place needs to take this history of change and development into account, balancing conservation of the elements of significance while recognising the need for flexibility for future change and development.

5.5.1 Change of Use—Pressure on Gallery Space

The pressure for more exhibition space to tell new stories and new perspectives of the existing collection continues to grow. In addition to the formal gallery spaces, circulation spaces, such as corridors and lobbies, are increasingly also being used for display. Visitor numbers can put pressure on the ability of significant heritage values and spaces in the Memorial to be accessible and perform their intended function.

The relocation of collection storage to the AWM Mitchell Precinct to facilitate this is a practical requirement of the growing pressure for space at the AWM as well as the size of the collection, and the modern-day requirements for caring for collections.

The removal of research and archive spaces for the creation of new exhibition spaces reduces the Memorial’s ability to fulfil a core function at the AWM, as outlined in the original proposal for the place: ‘to conduct, arrange for and assist in research into matters pertaining to Australian military history’. Increasing use of digital technology to record and disseminate information about the collection and records held by the Memorial arguably allows for greater public access than ever before.

Changes to the function and fabric of the place should have regard for the sensitivity to change when managing pressures on gallery space. For the gallery spaces, their configuration and fabric contribute to the values of the place as a purpose-built repository for the AWM’s significant collection, and a place which provides unique and important information on Australian’s experience of war. However, there is

5.6

Hazards and Risks

5.6 Hazards and Risks

As a site of National and Commonwealth Heritage value, it is important that risks to the property are well understood and managed. The vulnerability and exposure of the site to the following natural and manmade hazards should be evaluated to determine the level of risk they pose to the buildings. Disaster

5.7

Indigenous Cultural Issues and Consultation

5.7 Indigenous Cultural Issues and Consultation

One Aboriginal site, an isolated Aboriginal stone artefact (AWM 1), was identified at the AWM in 2008, in conjunction with local Aboriginal community representatives. This find was in a disturbed context and the extensive modifications to the landscape of the AWM mean that there is little potential for further or in situ Aboriginal archaeological evidence to survive on the site. As an isolated, residual surface find in a disturbed context, the management of this single artefact in situ, in a highly used landscape, is unlikely to be feasible in even the short term.

Whilst Indigenous cultural values have not been identified with specific regard to the AWM, consultation with the Indigenous community representatives may be required when works are proposed at the AWM. Indigenous Heritage values and sensitivities should be considered and protected as part of the environment of the AWM, even if they may not be included in the official Commonwealth or National heritage values of the place. The possibility of impacts on potential Indigenous heritage values should therefore be considered when undertaking works at the site.

The Memorial understands that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people are the primary source of information on their cultural heritage and therefore, are consulted on matters that may affect places that have cultural heritage values.

5.8

Future Proposals

5.8 Future Proposals

5.8.1 Gallery Masterplanning

The Memorial is currently undertaking a range of masterplanning exercises to manage the range of pressures currently faced at the site and ensure the future needs of the organisation are able to be met within the operational and heritage constraints of the site. This includes the preparation of a site masterplan for the AWM as a whole, and a Gallery Masterplan which will address the continued growth in visitor numbers, changing methods of display and storytelling, increasing number of exhibitions required and future growth of the collection and its storage requirements.

As noted elsewhere in this HMP, the National and Commonwealth Heritage values of the place, and the regulations of the EPBC Act, underpin decision making regarding such changes across the site.

5.9

AWM Development Project

5.9 AWM Development Project

As part of the Memorial’s business development planning, it was granted funds from the Australian Government for the expansion of gallery spaces to improve and modernise the existing buildings and generally enhance visitor experience at the AWM. Major works to the AWM are due to commence both internally and externally as a series of projects, including:

removal and replacement of the current ANZAC Hall for additional gallery space;

new Glazed Link connection the main Memorial building to expanded gallery space to the north (the new ANZAC Hall);

a new southern entrance to improve visitor orientation and provide additional gallery spaces;

new extension and refurbishment to CEW Bean Building to consolidate operational and non- critical administration functions out of the main Memorial building and include a new research centre;

internal refurbishment works to the main Memorial building including modern conflict galleries;

design changes to the layout and landscape of the Parade Ground;

additional car parking to the east of Poppy’s Café carpark; and

landscaping works that address accessibility constraints, enhance site security and re-profile the parade ground.

5.9.1 Assessment Process

The development project, explained in Section 2.5 by the Memorial, was referred for consideration under the EPBC Act and received approval with conditions in December 2020 from the Minister for the Environment. The approval conditions include ensuring design details are consistent with the heritage values of the AWM and Memorial Parade and Parliament House Vista as well as the National and Commonwealth Heritage Principles; undertaking design and engineering decisions (such as for the construction of the new Anzac Hall and Glazed Link) to minimise the impact on the heritage values of

5.10

Conclusions

5.10 Conclusions

The range of National, Commonwealth and other identified heritage values of the AWM gives rise to EPBC Act obligations for conservation, protection, management and interpretation, and compliance with the relevant legislation, as discussed above.

Effective stakeholder consultation in decision making regarding the future management of the AWM is needed throughout the development of future works.

The implementation of the major projects, the SDP and any other future developments must reflect the importance of the National Shrine and unique qualities of the place. The future management and design development of the AWM and its broader setting will be an ongoing, dynamic process, responding to changing community needs and aspirations. As the AWM undergoes significant changes as part of the

5.11

Endnotes

5.11 Endnotes

1 Australian War Memorial Act 1980, p 4.

2 Significant Impact Guidelines 1.1, p 2.

3 Marshall, D et al., Parliament House Vista Area, Heritage Management Plan, vol. 1, report prepared for National Capital Authority, 2010, p 15.

4 Marshall, D et al., Parliament House Vista Area, Heritage Management Plan, vol. 1, report prepared for National Capital Authority, 2010, p 281.

5 National Capital Authority 2016, National Capital Plan, National Capital Authority, Canberra, ACT, p 12.

6 National Capital Authority 2002, Consolidated National Capital Plan, p 74.

7 Under the National Capital Plan, see the National Capital Authority website:

<http://nationalcapital.gov.au/planning_and_urban_design/works_approval/index.asp>.

8 NCAs Application for Works/Development Approval <http://www.nationalcapital.gov.au/>.

9 National Capital Authority, August 2002, Guidelines for Commemorative Works in the National Capital, Appendix 1.

10 National Capital Authority, August 2002, Guidelines for Commemorative Works in the National Capital, Appendix 1, p 3.

11 Gold Leaf Tree Services, Tree Management Plan—Australian War Memorial, report prepared for Australian War Memorial, February 2018.

12 Australian War Memorial, Annual Report 2016-2017, report prepared for Australian War Memorial, June 2017.

13 Australian War Memorial 2015, Reflect Reconciliation Action Plan 2015-2016, Australian War Memorial, Canberra, ACT, p 1.

6.0

Conservation Policy

6.0 View image in the official source

Conservation Policy

Conservation policy is based on the principles embodied in the Burra Charter, a set of principles, processes and guidelines for best practice in heritage conservation developed by Australia ICOMOS (International Council of Monuments and Sites) and based on international standards.

The management and conservation policies identified in this section define how the conservation of the AWM’s heritage values—both official, listed National and Commonwealth Heritage values, and other, additional values identified in Section 4.0—identified values should be achieved. Implementation of these policies will also ensure the Memorial fulfils its obligations under the EPBC Act.

The tables in Section 6.2 identify general heritage conservation policies and actions for the AWM. Section 6.3 presents specific policies and actions for individual components of the AWM with specific requirements such as the Commemorative Area, Galleries and Landscape.

The use of these tools will assist in administering policy for conservation of the AWM’s heritage values. Managers will also need to ensure that proposals are not inconsistent with relevant policies in the Parliament House Vista and ANZAC Parade HMPs.

6.1

Implementation of the Conservation Policies and Actions

6.1 Implementation of the Conservation Policies and Actions

6.1.1 Timing/Priority

Timing parameters have been established for the implementation of policies and actions in line with their priority, based on the different levels of risk to the site’s heritage significance.

Implementation should be completed:

immediately upon adoption of the HMP (within 12 months);

annually;

on an ongoing basis;

within two–three years;

within five–10 years; or

as required.

6.1.2 Responsibilities

The key responsibility for implementation, review and monitoring of the HMP lies with the Memorial’s Corporate Services Branch and the Buildings and Services Section. This Section is responsible for the management and maintenance of the buildings and grounds, including conservation works. While all sections at the Memorial are responsible for legislative compliance with regard to heritage matters, the Building and Services Section provides support and guidance. The Memorial’s CMG oversees the implementation of the documentation.

However, all groups of the Memorial including Public Programs, National Collection and Corporate Services, should adopt the policies and decision-making processes of the HMP and develop an understanding of the AWM’s heritage values.

6.2

Key Objective of the General Conservation Policy

6.2 Key Objective of the General Conservation Policy

Schedules 5A and 7A of the EPBC Regulations item (a) requires that government ‘establish objectives for the identification, protection, conservation, presentation and transmission of the National/Commonwealth Heritage values of the place’. This HMP has been prepared to manage the National and Commonwealth Heritage values of the AWM, and those values identified through the heritage values commentary in Section 4.0. The key objective of this conservation policy is to ensure the conservation, management and interpretation of these heritage values of the AWM in the context of its ongoing use, development and evolution as the place of the National Shrine, an integral part of the symbolic landscape of the National Capital, and one of Australia’s most significant cultural sites.

AWM Development Project

The AWM development project (discussed at Sections 2.5 and 5.9) has been approved under the EPBC Act with conditions, and has been subject to rigorous consideration of the impacts of the proposed action and the heritage values of the site. The project is required to be undertaken in accordance with its approval conditions, which provide a framework for management of heritage impacts specifically associated with the development project. The conditions provide guidance for the conservation and management of the Memorial’s heritage values while undertaking the project. The full conditions for the project are included at Appendix K.

In instances where the approval conditions do not cover conservation or management issues associated with the development, the policies below should be used to guide decision-making. Actions on the site which are separate to the development project should continue to be managed in accordance with this section of the HMP.

6.2.1 Policy 1: Conservation Processes

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="margin-left:23.35pt; border-collapse:collapse"><tbody><tr style="height:18.45pt"><td style="width:151.18pt; border-right:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top; background-color:#bebebe"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Policies</span></p></td><td style="width:226.05pt; border-right:0.75pt solid #000000; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top; background-color:#bebebe"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Actions</span></p></td><td style="width:76.32pt; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top; background-color:#bebebe"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Timing</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:41.35pt"><td rowspan="4" style="width:151.18pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-right:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-right:5.95pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">1.1 Conserve all officially listed and identified heritage values of the AWM in</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.35pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">compliance</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.35pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">with</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.35pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">the</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.35pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">requirements</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.4pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">of the EPBC Act, the National Capital Plan and the AWM Act.</span></p></td><td style="width:226.05pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">1.1.1</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">The</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Memorial</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">should</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">formally</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">adopt</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">this</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">HMP</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">as</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">the basis for future management of the heritage values of the </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt">AWM.</span></p></td><td style="width:76.32pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.5pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Immediately</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:52.9pt"><td style="width:226.05pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-right:5.75pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">1.1.2 The listed National and Commonwealth heritage values (and identified heritage values) of the AWM will be the</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">principal</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.3pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">basis</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.3pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">for</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">all</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.3pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">future</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">planning,</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">management</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">and impact assessment of activities or actions.</span></p></td><td style="width:76.32pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.6pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Ongoing</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:75.9pt"><td style="width:226.05pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-right:5.75pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">1.1.3 The Memorial must undertake a self-assessment of any actions to determine whether they will have, or are likely to have a significant impact on the National Heritage values of any other heritage values of the AWM, and refer the</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">action</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">to</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">the</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Minister</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">for</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">the</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Environment</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">for</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">approval</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">if a significant impact is likely.</span></p></td><td style="width:76.32pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">As</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">required</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:41.35pt"><td style="width:226.05pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.35pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">1.1.4</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.35pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Update</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.35pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">official</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.4pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">National</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.4pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">and</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Commonwealth</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.35pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Heritage citations to nominate and reflect the identified, suggested revisions for additional values (refer to Section 4.0).</span></p></td><td style="width:76.32pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.35pt; margin-right:13.45pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Within</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.6pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">five—ten </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">years.</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:41.35pt"><td style="width:151.18pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-right:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-right:13.3pt; text-align:justify; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">1.2</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Refer</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">to</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">this</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.3pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">HMP</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.3pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">as</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.3pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">the</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">primary heritage management document for the AWM.</span></p></td><td style="width:226.05pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-right:7.2pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">1.2.1</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Implement</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">the</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">policies</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.3pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">and</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.15pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">actions</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.3pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">set</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">out</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">in</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">this HMP, in line with the identified timing guidelines.</span></p></td><td style="width:76.32pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Immediately</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table>

6.3

Specific Conservation Policies

6.3 Specific Conservation Policies

The following tables set out the heritage management policies and actions for individual components of the AWM with specific requirements. These policies and actions provide detailed management frameworks for the protection and conservation of the range of identified heritage fabric and values.

6.3.1 Commemorative Area

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="margin-left:7.05pt; border-collapse:collapse"><tbody><tr style="height:18.45pt"><td style="width:151.93pt; border-right:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top; background-color:#bebebe"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-left:5.95pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Policies</span></p></td><td style="width:226.05pt; border-right:0.75pt solid #000000; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top; background-color:#bebebe"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Actions</span></p></td><td style="width:76.32pt; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top; background-color:#bebebe"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Timing</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:41.35pt"><td rowspan="4" style="width:151.93pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-right:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-right:7.6pt; margin-left:6pt; text-indent:-0.05pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">8.1</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.45pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Conserve,</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.45pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">manage</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.45pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">and</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.45pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">interpret the architectural forms of the </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold">Commemorative Area</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">.</span></p></td><td style="width:226.05pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-right:5.75pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">8.1.1</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.3pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Conserve</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.3pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">and</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.3pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">manage</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.3pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">the</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">architectural</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.35pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">form</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.3pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">and fabric of the courtyard and cloisters and avoid further </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">accretions.</span></p></td><td style="width:76.32pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Immediately</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:18.45pt"><td style="width:226.05pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">8.1.2</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Maintain</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">the</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">external</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">form</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.15pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">of</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">the</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Hall</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">of</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Memory.</span></p></td><td style="width:76.32pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Ongoing</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:41.45pt"><td style="width:226.05pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">8.1.3</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.35pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Maintain</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.35pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">the</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.35pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">connection</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.35pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">between</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.35pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">the</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.35pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">individual components as a total experience of reflection and </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">commemoration.</span></p></td><td style="width:76.32pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Ongoing</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:29.85pt"><td style="width:226.05pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">8.1.4</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.3pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Ensure</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.3pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">the</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.3pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">individual</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.3pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">spaces</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.3pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">do</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.3pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">not</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.3pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">become </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">thoroughfares.</span></p></td><td style="width:76.32pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Ongoing</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:29.95pt"><td rowspan="3" style="width:151.93pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-right:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-right:7.6pt; margin-left:5.95pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">8.2 Conserve, manage and interpret the</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.35pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">heritage</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.35pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">values</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.4pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">of</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.35pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">the</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.35pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">courtyard— </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold">Pool of Reflection.</span></p></td><td style="width:226.05pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">8.2.1</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Retain</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">the</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">courtyard</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">as</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">the</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">place</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">for</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">the</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Pool</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">of </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Reflection.</span></p></td><td style="width:76.32pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.55pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">As</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.2pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">required</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:41.5pt"><td style="width:226.05pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">8.2.2 Retain appropriate plant species to ensure they complement</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.35pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">the</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.35pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">important</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.35pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">qualities</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.35pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">of</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.35pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">the</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.35pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Commemorative </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Area.</span></p></td><td style="width:76.32pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Annually</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:41.35pt"><td style="width:226.05pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.3pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">8.2.3 Ensure plants and planter boxes are maintained and checked</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">regularly</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.3pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">to</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">prevent</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">water</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">ingress</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.3pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">into</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">the</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">building </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">fabric.</span></p></td><td style="width:76.32pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Annually</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:52.9pt"><td style="width:151.93pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-right:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; margin-right:14.6pt; margin-left:6pt; text-indent:-0.05pt; text-align:justify; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">8.3</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.45pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">Conserve,</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.45pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">manage</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.45pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">and</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.45pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">interpret the </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; font-weight:bold">carved stone figures </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">lining the </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">courtyard.</span></p></td><td style="width:226.05pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; text-indent:-0.05pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">8.3.1 Monitor the condition of the carved stone figures and drainage systems they support. Review and consult with stakeholders</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.3pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">if</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">further</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">intervention</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">is</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.3pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">required</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">to</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.25pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">slow</span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.3pt"> </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif">future </span><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">degradation.</span></p></td><td style="width:76.32pt; border-top:0.75pt solid #000000; border-left:0.75pt solid #000000; border-bottom:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top"><p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top:3.45pt; font-size:10pt"><span style="font-family:'Arial Narrow', sans-serif; letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Annually</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table>

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