Assisted Reproductive Technology and Surrogacy Bill 2025
32—1 page i
Western Australia
Assisted Reproductive Technology and
Surrogacy Bill 2025
Contents
Part 1 — Preliminary
Division 1 — Introduction
Short title 2
Commencement 2
Act binds Crown 2
Division 2 — Objects and principles
Objects of Act 3
Principles 4
Division 3 — Interpretation
Terms used 6
ART services 9
ART procedures 9
Reproductive material and embryos 10
Partners and couples 11
Person’s or couple’s reproductive purposes 11
Birth parent 12
Contributing parents 12
Intended parents 13
Donor 13
Surrogacy arrangement, surrogate, intended
parents and overseas surrogacy arrangement 14
5 family worldwide limit 15
Part 2 — ART services to be licensed
What licence authorises 16
Requirement to hold licence 16
Provision of ART services restricted to licence
premises 16
Assisted Reproductive Technology and Surrogacy Bill 2025
Contents
page ii
Part 3 — ART procedures
Division 1 — Access to ART procedures
21. Access to ART procedures provided by licensee 18
Division 2 — Performing ART procedures
22. Application of Division 18
23. Appropriately qualified 19
24. ART procedures to be performed or supervised by
appropriately qualified persons 19
25. Requirement for medical practitioner to certify
ART procedure is appropriate 20
26. Performing ART procedures on children 21
27. Exceeding 5 family worldwide limit 22
28. Disclosure of information permitted to ensure
compliance with 5 family worldwide limit 23
29. Authorising health practitioners to perform ART
procedures at other premises 23
Division 3 — Parentage of children
30. Application of Division 24
31. Child of pregnancy 24
32. Parents of child of pregnancy resulting from ART
procedure 24
33. Donor 25
34. Deceased person 25
Division 4 — Record keeping and access to
information
Subdivision 1 — Licensee must keep records
35. Licensee must keep required records 26
36. Required records: ART procedures 26
37. Required records: storage 27
38. Required records: register of authorisations 28
39. Licensee must give information to CEO for
register of identity and register of ART procedures 28
40. Licensee must correct inaccurate information 29
41. Confidentiality of information recorded under this
Division 29
42. False or misleading records 30
Assisted Reproductive Technology and Surrogacy Bill 2025
Contents
page iii
Subdivision 2 — Access to information
43. Licensee must provide access to information 30
44. Contact preferences 31
Part 4 — Reproductive material and
embryos
Division 1 — Rights over reproductive material
and embryos
45. Rights over reproductive material 33
46. Rights over embryos 33
47. Rights of donor over donated reproductive material
or donated embryo 34
Division 2 — Consent
48. Consent not required more than once 35
49. Consent of person under 18 years of age 35
50. Requirement for consent 35
51. Requirements relating to counselling services and
information to support informed consent 36
52. Verification of identity of consent giver 37
53. Collection, use and storage of reproductive
material 37
54. Transfer procedure using reproductive material 38
55. Creation of embryo 39
56. Storage of embryo 39
57. Allocation of donated embryo 39
58. Use of embryo in embryo transfer procedure 40
59. Amendment or withdrawal of consent 40
60. Steps after withdrawal of consent 41
61. Disputes and unforeseen circumstances relating to
embryos 42
62. Disposal or limited use of unviable material or
unviable embryos 42
Division 3 — Genetic testing
63. Limited genetic testing of embryos 43
64. Prohibition on sex selection 44
65. Approved conditions list 44
Assisted Reproductive Technology and Surrogacy Bill 2025
Contents
page iv
Division 4 — Storage
66. Appropriate storage of reproductive material and
embryos 44
67. Purposes for storage of reproductive material and
embryos 45
68. Period of storage for reproductive material 46
69. Steps relating to end of storage period for
reproductive material 46
70. Period of storage for embryos 47
71. Steps relating to end of storage period for embryos 48
Division 5 — Posthumous use of reproductive
material and embryos
Subdivision 1 — Preliminary
72. Purpose of Division 49
73. Terms used 50
Subdivision 2 — Permitted use of deceased person’s
reproductive material and embryos
74. Deceased person’s consent 51
75. Limited use of reproductive material removed
posthumously 52
76. Surviving partner’s right in relation to deceased
person’s reproductive material or embryos for
reproductive purposes 52
77. No other rights in relation to reproductive material
or embryos of deceased person 53
Subdivision 3 — Obligations of licensees
78. Use of deceased person’s reproductive material or
embryos for surviving partner’s reproductive
purposes 54
79. Donation of deceased person’s reproductive
material or embryos 54
80. Storage of deceased person’s reproductive material
or embryos pending application to Board 55
81. Disposal of deceased person’s reproductive
material or embryos 57
82. Other storage and disposal of deceased person’s
reproductive material and embryos 58
Assisted Reproductive Technology and Surrogacy Bill 2025
Contents
page v
Subdivision 4 — Board approval for use
83. Board approval to use reproductive material or
embryo of deceased person 59
84. Decision to approve posthumous use of
reproductive material or embryo 61
85. Decision to refuse application 61
Division 6 — Transferring, exporting and
importing reproductive material and
embryos
86. Transferring reproductive material and embryos
between licensees 61
87. Exporting reproductive material and embryos 62
88. Importing reproductive material and embryos 63
89. Exemption from export or import requirements 63
90. Export or import prohibited if 5 family worldwide
limit likely to be exceeded 64
91. Prescribed requirements for exporting or importing
reproductive material and embryos 64
Division 7 — Offences
92. Prohibition on commercial trading in reproductive
material and embryos 65
93. Restrictions on creating embryos 66
94. Prohibition on cloning 66
95. False or misleading information 66
Part 5 — Registers maintained by
CEO
Division 1 — Register of identity
96. Register of identity 68
97. Right of access to information in register of
identity 68
98. Contact preferences 69
Division 2 — Register of ART procedures
99. Register of ART procedures 70
100. Disclosure and use of information 70
Division 3 — General
101. Application of Division 71
102. CEO must correct inaccurate information 71
Assisted Reproductive Technology and Surrogacy Bill 2025
Contents
page vi
103. CEO may direct licensee to provide information
required for register 72
Part 6 — Surrogacy
Division 1 — Preliminary
104. Terms used 73
105. What this Part is about 74
106. When is surrogacy arrangement for reward 74
107. What is a surrogacy expense 74
Division 2 — Surrogacy arrangements
108. When is surrogacy arrangement valid 76
109. Required contents of surrogacy arrangement 77
110. Limited enforcement of surrogacy arrangement 77
111. Entering surrogacy arrangement for reward
prohibited 78
112. Recruiting surrogates 78
Division 3 — Relationship plans
113. What is a relationship plan 78
114. Variation of relationship plan 79
115. Family Court’s powers to deal with breach of
relationship plan 80
Division 4 — Transferring child’s parentage to
intended parents
Subdivision 1 — Preliminary
116. When this Division applies and what it is about 80
117. Child’s best interests paramount 81
118. References to intended parents if only 1 intended
parent applies for parentage order 81
Subdivision 2 — Orders for transfer of child’s
parentage generally
119. Applying for parentage order 81
120. Family Court may make parentage order 82
121. Name of child 83
122. Ancillary orders 84
123. Effect of parentage order 84
124. Finality of parentage order 85
Assisted Reproductive Technology and Surrogacy Bill 2025
Contents
page vii
Subdivision 3 — Orders for transfer of child’s
parentage in particular circumstances
125. Separation of intended parents 85
126. Death of intended parent before application for
parentage order 86
127. Death of intended parent after application for
parentage order 87
128. Multiple births 87
Subdivision 4 — Dispensing with requirements for
making parentage orders
129. Application of Subdivision 88
130. Requirements to be met by surrogate 88
131. Requirement for surrogacy arrangement to be valid 89
132. Requirement for intended parents to have
responsibility for child’s day-to-day care 89
Subdivision 5 — Discharge of parentage order
133. Grounds for discharge 90
134. Application for discharge order 90
135. Intervening in application for discharge of
parentage order 91
136. Family Court may make discharge of parentage
order 91
137. Ancillary orders 92
138. Effect of discharge of parentage order 92
Subdivision 6 — Other provisions
139. Relationships for laws relating to sexual offences 93
140. Family Court to notify Registrar 94
Division 5 — Access to information
141. Application of this Division or order under it 94
142. Family Court order excluding access to
information 95
143. Access to certain Family Court records 96
144. Access to registration of birth 97
145. Portion of registration of birth not referring to
parentage order 98
Division 6 — Family Court proceedings
146. Application of Family Court Act 1997 98
147. Family Court proceedings to be private 99
Assisted Reproductive Technology and Surrogacy Bill 2025
Contents
page viii
Division 7 — Offences
148. Territorial application 99
149. Publishing certain information for surrogacy
arrangement for reward 100
150. Coercing person to enter surrogacy arrangement 100
Part 7 — Licensing of ART services
Division 1 — Preliminary
151. What this Part is about 101
152. Terms used 101
Division 2 — Application for licence
153. Application for licence 103
154. Requirements for application for licence 103
155. Investigations related to considering an application 103
156. Criteria for deciding application for licence 104
157. Decision on application for licence 105
158. Notice of decision on application for licence 105
159. Grant of licence 106
Division 3 — Renewal of licence
160. Application for renewal of licence 106
161. Requirements for application for renewal of
licence 106
162. Considering application for renewal of licence 106
163. Decision on application for renewal of licence 107
164. Notice of decision on application for renewal of
licence 107
165. Renewal of licence 108
Division 4 — Variation of licence
166. Application for variation of licence 108
167. Requirements for application for variation of
licence 108
168. Decision on application for variation of licence 109
169. Notice of decision on application for variation of
licence 110
170. Variation of licence 110
Division 5 — Other matters affecting licences
171. Annual service fee 110
172. Surrender of licence 110
173. End of term of licence 111
Assisted Reproductive Technology and Surrogacy Bill 2025
Contents
page ix
Division 6 — Investigations as to fit and proper
persons
174. Investigating whether person is fit and proper
person 112
Division 7 — Conditions on licences
175. Conditions on licences 113
176. Power to impose, amend or revoke discretionary
conditions 114
Division 8 — Disciplinary action
Subdivision 1 — Suspension with advance notice
177. Grounds for suspending licence 115
178. Show cause notice for proposed suspension 115
179. Response to show cause notice 116
180. Decision on suspension 116
181. Ending suspension early 118
Subdivision 2 — Immediate suspension
182. Immediate suspension 118
183. Ending suspension early 119
Subdivision 3 — Cancellation
184. Grounds for cancelling licence 120
185. Show cause notice for proposed cancellation 121
186. Response to show cause notice 121
187. Decision on cancellation 121
Division 9 — Interim licensee
188. Licensee unable to provide ART services 123
189. Interim licensee to temporarily continue ART
services 123
Division 10 — Review of decisions
Subdivision 1 — Internal reconsideration
190. Terms used 124
191. Decisions of CEO that may be reviewed 125
192. Affected person may apply for reconsideration of
decision 126
193. Decision on reconsideration 127
Subdivision 2 — External review
194. Application to State Administrative Tribunal for
external review 128
Assisted Reproductive Technology and Surrogacy Bill 2025
Contents
page x
Division 11 — Miscellaneous
195. Provision of ART services by health service
provider 128
Division 12 — Offences
196. Compliance with licence conditions 128
197. Failure to comply with requirements imposed as
part of disciplinary action or surrender 128
198. Failure to notify reportable events 129
199. Notice of changes affecting person with
management or control 129
200. False or misleading information in licensing
application 130
201. Advertising 130
202. Embryo unviable due to failure to follow policies
and procedures 130
203. CEO may require licensee to publish or provide
information 130
204. Licensee to provide certain information if directed
by CEO 131
Part 8 — Investigation
Division 1 — Preliminary
205. Terms used 132
Division 2 — Authorised officers
206. Appointment of authorised officers 132
207. CEO has functions of authorised officer 132
208. Identity cards 133
209. Production and display of identity card 133
210. Limitation on powers of authorised officers 133
Division 3 — Investigations
211. Investigations: purpose and procedure 134
212. Entry powers 134
213. Powers after entry for investigation 135
214. Obtaining information and documents 137
215. Use of force and assistance 138
216. Obstruction 138
217. Directions generally 139
Assisted Reproductive Technology and Surrogacy Bill 2025
Contents
page xi
Division 4 — Entry warrants
218. Warrant to enter place 139
219. Issue of entry warrant 140
220. Effect of entry warrant 140
221. Execution of entry warrant 141
Division 5 — Seized things and forfeiture
222. Forfeiture on conviction 141
223. Disposal of seized and forfeited property 141
Part 9 — Enforcement
Division 1 — Compliance notices
224. CEO may give compliance notice for
contravention of Act 142
225. Failure to comply with compliance notice 143
Division 2 — Liability of certain persons
226. Liability of officers for offence by body corporate 143
227. Liability of members of partnership for acts of
other members of partnership 144
Division 3 — Legal proceedings
228. Who may commence proceedings for simple
offence 144
229. Time limit for prosecution of simple offence 144
230. Averments in prosecution documents 145
231. Court to notify CEO of conviction of offence under
Act 146
Part 10 — Assisted Reproductive
Technology Advisory and
Review Board
Division 1 — Establishment
232. Board established 147
233. Status 147
Division 2 — Functions and powers
234. Functions of Board 147
235. Powers of Board 148
Division 3 — Staff and assistance
236. Staff and services 148
237. Assistance 148
Assisted Reproductive Technology and Surrogacy Bill 2025
Contents
page xii
Division 4 — Accountability
238. Minister may give directions 148
239. Minister to have access to information 149
Division 5 — Membership
240. Membership of Board 150
241. Chairperson and deputy chairperson 151
242. Term of office 151
243. Casual vacancies, resignation and removal from
office 151
244. Extension of term of office during vacancy 152
245. Remuneration of members 152
Division 6 — Board meetings
246. Holding meetings 153
247. Quorum 153
248. Presiding member 153
249. CEO or nominated representative may attend
meetings 153
250. Procedure at meetings 153
251. Voting 153
252. Holding meetings remotely 154
253. Resolution without meeting 154
254. Minutes 154
Division 7 — Disclosure of interests
255. Disclosure of material personal interest 154
256. Voting by member with material personal interest 155
257. Section 256 may be declared inapplicable 155
258. Quorum in circumstances where member is
disqualified due to material personal interest 155
Division 8 — Committees
259. Establishment of committees 156
260. Directions to committee 156
261. Committee to determine own procedures 156
262. Remuneration of committee members 156
Division 9 — Review by State Administrative
Tribunal of Board’s decision
263. Review of decision by Board 157
Assisted Reproductive Technology and Surrogacy Bill 2025
Contents
page xiii
Division 10 — Miscellaneous
264. Execution of documents by Board 157
265. Board to give annual report to CEO regarding
activities of Board in previous financial year 157
266. Protection from personal liability for torts 158
Part 11 — Administration
267. Confidentiality 159
268. Delegation by CEO 160
269. Approved forms 160
270. Annual report on operation of Act 161
Part 12 — Miscellaneous
271. Regulations 163
272. Regulations may adopt medical codes 164
273. Review of Act 165
Part 13 — Repeals
274. Written laws repealed 166
Part 14 — Transitional provisions
Division 1 — Preliminary
275. Terms used 167
276. Interpretation Act 1984 not affected 167
277. Application to reproductive material collected, and
embryos created, before commencement 167
Division 2 — Parentage of children of
pregnancies resulting from ART
procedures
278. Recognition of parentage under repealed Artificial
Conception Act 1985 continues 167
Division 3 — Matters related to assisted
reproductive technology procedures
279. Existing consents 168
280. Previous counselling 169
281. Information provided before commencement day 169
282. Existing approval of Council 169
283. Pending applications for approval of Council 170