Contributions by owners and distributionContributions by owners and distributions to owners of local governments, government departments and whole of governments

## Contributions by owners and distributions to owners of local governments, government departments and whole of governments Paragraphs 48 to 53 of this Standard apply only to local governments, government departments and whole of governments. 48 Contributions by owners shall be recognised as a direct adjustment to equity when the contributed assets qualify for recognition. 49 Distributions to owners shall be recognised as a direct adjustment to equity when the associated reduction in assets, rendering of services or increase in liabilities qualifies for recognition. 50 It is important to distinguish contributions by owners from other contributions. It may be argued that contributions that are provided on the condition that they be expended on assets that increase the capacity of the entity to provide particular services should be classified as contributions of equity. However, such contributions would be contributions by owners, as defined in Appendix A to this Standard, only when the contributor establishes by way of the contribution a financial interest in the net assets of the entity that: (a) conveys entitlement both to a financial return on the contribution and to distributions of any excess of assets over liabilities in the event of the entity being wound up; and/or (b) can be sold, transferred or redeemed. 51 Contributions by owners are examples of non-reciprocal transfers. Examples of contributions by owners (and distributions to owners) are non-reciprocal transfers between a government department and the controlling government acting in its capacity as owner. Transactions with owners in their capacity as owners are not common in a local government context. A local government may on occasions receive contributions by owners, as defined in Appendix A to this Standard, such as investments in the capital of companies controlled by the governing body of the local government. Such contributions would need to be recognised as contributions of equity. 52 Contributions by owners can occur upon establishment of the entity or at a subsequent stage of the entity’s existence. Contributions by owners can be in the form of cash, nonmonetary assets such as property, plant and equipment, or the provision of services. In some instances, the contribution may result from the conversion of the entity’s liabilities into equity. 53 Reductions in equity as a result of distributions to owners (either dividends or returns of capital) can be in the form of a transfer of assets, a rendering of services or an increase in liabilities. Distributions from government departments to governments are made at the discretion of the government.