Tasmanian Conservation Trust Inc. v. Minister for Resources & Anor [1994] FCA 944

~2- The second sentence states a belief framed with the words "we believe". The belief expressed is that should the Minister issue a licence to Gunns, including the export of wood chips from logs harvested from certain National Estate areas, there would be an adverse effect on the National Estate in relation to logging operations and hence he would need to formally consult with the you, that is with the Australian Heritage Commission, in accordance with s.30 of the Australian Heritage Commission Act 1975. Although some argument was directed to the possible

application of s.7B of the Evidence Act 1905 (Cth) as the basis for supporting the admissibility of this statement in the letter,

Mr Basten ultimately rested his submission on the proposition that the statements should be regarded as admissions, admissible as such as against the Minister, but not as against the second respondent. Technically speaking, that would produce the consequence that the statement would be admissible against the first respondent only but not against the second respondent. As Mr Hale has pointed out it may be that that is a distinction that will be more theoretical than practical in its application to the circumstances of this case. Be that as it may, I should deal

Mr Basten referred to the decision of Smiles v Commissioner of Taxation (1992) 35 FCR 405, at 414, in support of his proposition

that Mr Dalton should be taken as having authority to make an admission on these matters as against the interests of the Minister. In that case it was held by Davies J. that a Mr

Mitchell, who was found to be the person in charge of the

-3- prosecution of Mr Smiles on behalf of the Australian Taxation Office was in a position to make an admission as to the reasons for the institution of the prédsecution. Mr Basten submitted that Mr Dalton was in a similar position vis a vis the Minister in the present case. Mr Heydon pointed out that, in other material in

evidence, Mr Dalton is referred to as the contact officer.

Mr Heydon submitted that there was nothing in the material to suggest that Mr Dalton had specific authority to make admissions on these matters on behalf of the Minister. The evidence shows that Mr Dalton who is described as Acting Assistant Secretary, has signed a letter to another statutory authority expressing opinions on issues, or alternatively, making assertions of fact. In my view, Mr Dalton, at least on the limited material available to me, should be taken as having authority to make admissions on behalf of the Minister on factual matters connected with the application. The application was the subject of consideration by him and connected with the applications he prepared or at

I therefore think that, although the position is not precisely the same as that in Smiles case, there is enough for me to draw the inference that Mr Dalton had authority on behalf of the Minister to make admissions on matters such as the sources of saw logs. In my opinion the statement in the first sentence is a statement as to a matter of fact. It may be that a question will arise as to the weight that ought to be placed upon that

statement because as yet at any rate, nothing appears as to the

-4- source of information available to Mr Dalton. Nonetheless, Mr Dalton, in what I assume is considered correspondence, has made an assertion of fact. There"is no reason to think that he would not have had material available allowing him in order to make that statement of fact in correspondence. Accordingly, I admit the first sentence in the statement that has been tendered by Mr

I think the second sentence, however, falls into a different category. In that second sentence, Mr Dalton expresses an opinion. The opinion does not relate to the impact of the proposal upon the whole of the environment affected by the proposal. It must be remembered that the statement has been tendered in order to establish the proposition, or at least as tending to establish the proposition that the proposal as put

forward would affect the environment to a significant extent, to

use the language of s.5(1) of the Environment Protection (Impact of Proposals) Act 1974.

Mr Hale, on behalf of the second respondent, has pointed out that the test specified in s.30(3) of the Australian Heritage Commission Act 1975, uses a different language. That subsection refers to action that "might affect" to a significant extent a Place that is in the register as part of the National Estate. The expression of opinion in the statement sought to be tendered relates essentially to the operation of the National Estate and,

in particular, to the operation of s.30 of the Australian Heritage Commission Act 1975. Furthermore, the expression of

• 5 - view relates to heritage areas which form a part, and for all I

know a small part, of the area that is affected by the proposal.

I think that in certain circumstances an expression of an opinion as to the impact of a proposal, where that opinion is expressed by a senior officer of the department, can be admissible against the Minister. However, I do not think that, in the circumstances of this case, the opinion expressed by Mr Dalton is admissible against the Minister for the purpose relied on by Mr Basten. It seems to me that the matters dealt with in the expression of opinion are tangential to the matters that Mr Basten's client needs to establish in order to deal with the jurisdictional fact

Mr Heydon contended that the statement of Mr Dalton amounted to an expression of opinion on the ultimate issue in the case and was inadmissible for that reason. I doubt that that of itself would be a ground for rejecting the statement as tendered. In my opinion the statement does not go to the ultimate issue in

this case, but rather to an issue that might be relevant in

proceedings under the Australian Heritage Commission Act 1974.

However, any issue under that Act no longer plays a part,

For the reasons that I have given, I reject the tender of the second sentence in the paragraph on page 247. I allow the first

I certify that this and the preceding 5 pages are a true copy of the Reasons for Judgment of the Honourable Justice

Mr Basten QC and Mr Williams, instructed by the Environmental Defender's Office, appeared for the applicant.

Mr Heydon QC and Mr Comans, instructed by the Government Solicitor, appeared for the first respondent.

Mr Hale, instructed by Dunhill, Madden, Butler, Solicitors, appeared for the second respondent.