[3] Fulton v Chief of Defence Force [2024] HCASL 11.

[4] [2022] HCA 28; (2022) 276 CLR 579 at 599-600 [40] (footnotes omitted).

[5] [2000] HCA 67; (2000) 75 ALJR 470 at 473 [13]; [2000] HCA 67; 177 ALR 491 at 495.

[6] [2000] HCA 67; (2000) 75 ALJR 470 at 474 [15]; [2000] HCA 67; 177 ALR 491 at 495 (footnote omitted).

[7] [2008] HCA 34; (2008) 238 CLR 218 at 223 [16]. See also Navazi v New South Wales Land and Housing Corporation [2015] NSWCA 308 at [106].

[8] No direct evidence was adduced in this proceeding as to when the plaintiff became aware of the fact of Perry J's appointment as Deputy JAG. However, during the hearing before me, senior counsel for the plaintiff conceded that he was instructed that the plaintiff became aware of this fact in May 2023.

[9] The principles for re-opening an appeal in the Federal Court were recently summarised in Roberts-Smith v Fairfax Publications Pty Limited [2025] FCAFC 66 at [38].

[10] (2015) 90 ALJR 89; 326 ALR 391 ("Vella").

[11] Vella (2015) 90 ALJR 89 at 90 [7]; 326 ALR 391 at 392.

[12] Vella (2015) 90 ALJR 89 at 90-91 [8]-[9]; 326 ALR 391 at 393.

[13] Vella (2015) 90 ALJR 89 at 91 [10]; 326 ALR 391 at 393, citing Vella v Minister for Immigration and Border Protection [2015] FCAFC 53; (2015) 230 FCR 61.

[14] Vella (2015) 90 ALJR 89 at 91 [10]; 326 ALR 391 at 393, citing Vella v Minister for Immigration and Border Protection [2015] HCATrans 263.

[15] Vella (2015) 90 ALJR 89 at 90 [1], 91 [13]; 326 ALR 391 at 392, 393.

[16] Vella (2015) 90 ALJR 89 at 90 [1]; 326 ALR 391 at 392. Section 486A(2) of the Migration Act 1958 (Cth) relevantly conferred on a Justice of this Court a power to extend time if it was necessary in the interests of the administration of justice to make such an order.

[17] Vella (2015) 90 ALJR 89 at 92 [15]; 326 ALR 391 at 394.

[18] Vella (2015) 90 ALJR 89 at 92 [18]; 326 ALR 391 at 395.

[19] (1985) 59 ALJR 481; 60 ALR 68 ("Metwally (No 2)").

[20] (1985) 59 ALJR 481 at 483; 60 ALR 68 at 71.

[21] Vella (2015) 90 ALJR 89 at 92 [19]; 326 ALR 391 at 395 (footnote omitted).

[22] R v War Pensions Entitlement Appeal Tribunal; Ex parte Bott (1933) 50 CLR 228 at 242 (emphasis added).

[23] NAIS v Minister for Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs (2005) 228 CLR 470 at 481 [41].

[24] Vella (2015) 90 ALJR 89 at 92 [18]-[19]; 326 ALR 391 at 395, quoting Metwally (No 2) (1985) 59 ALJR 481 at 483; 60 ALR 68 at 71. See also Tomlinson v Ramsey Food Processing Pty Ltd [2015] HCA 28; (2015) 256 CLR 507 at 518-519 [25]; Batistatos v Road and Traffic Authority of New South Wales [2006] HCA 27; (2006) 226 CLR 256 at 267 [15].

[25] Ebner v Official Trustee in Bankruptcy [2000] HCA 63; (2000) 205 CLR 337 at 344 [6] (footnote omitted).

[26] [2019] HCA 50; (2019) 268 CLR 76 at 99 [58], quoting Webb v The Queen [1994] HCA 30; (1994) 181 CLR 41 at 73.

[27] Defence Force Discipline Act 1982 (Cth), s 180.

[28] Defence Force Discipline Act 1982 (Cth), s 184, Sch 4.

[29] Federal Court of Australia Act 1976 (Cth), s 11, Sch.

[30] Defence Force Remuneration Tribunal Determination No. 2 of 2017, Salaries (Cth), cl A.1.4(e); Remuneration Tribunal (Judicial and Related Offices - Remuneration and Allowances) Determination 2022 (Cth), s 10; Remuneration Tribunal Act 1973 (Cth), s 7(3).

[31] Twist v Randwick Municipal Council [1976] HCA 58; (1976) 136 CLR 106 at 116; Hill v Green [1999] NSWCA 477; (1999) 48 NSWLR 161 at 172 [55] per Spigelman CJ, 193-194 [151], 195 [156]-[157], 197 [164] per Fitzgerald JA.

[32] [2006] HCA 55; (2006) 229 CLR 577 at 611-612 [117] per Kirby and Crennan JJ; contra at 634 [172] per Callinan J.