Anagnostou and ors v Canterbury Bankstown Council

The site and its context

1. The two shops are on the north-eastern side of Crinan Street, within a retail strip of shops extending west from Hurlstone Park Railway Station and comprise two, two storey shops and residences.

Chronological background to the appeal

1. The Hurlstone Park Heritage Assessment Study Stage 1 Report by Paul Davies Pty Ltd dated September 2016 included as potential heritage items 13 and 15 Crinan Street Hurlstone Park, described as, "Pair of Federation period shops with rare original shopfronts. Within potential Crinan Street shops HCA", at p 58.
2. Interim Heritage Order No 1 'Various Properties in Hurlstone Park' published in the NSW Government Gazette No. 80 dated 30 September 2016 included the site (exhibit 2, f 102).
3. The Council resolved on 27 September 2016 to endorse Stage 1 of the Hurlstone Park Heritage Assessment Study and to implement Stages 2 and 3 of the study for the preparation of heritage inventory sheets, consultation strategy and DCP controls (exhibit 2, f 1) and that a planning proposal be prepared for the listing of the identified heritage items and heritage conservation areas in Hurlstone Park.
4. The Department of Planning and Environment (the Department) issued a Gateway Determination on 14 December 2016 (exhibit 2, f 323-4) for the planning proposal to include new local heritage items and heritage conservation areas in Hurlstone Park, subject to a requirement that Council amend the planning proposal to be consistent with Stage 2 and the review of the proposed heritage items of the Hurlstone Park Heritage Assessment Study.
5. The Stage 2 Hurlstone Park Heritage Assessment Study did not recommend the site for local heritage listing, but identified the site as contributory to the draft "Crinan Street shops HCA" proposed as a HCA (exhibit 2, f 336, 338).
6. The administrator of the Council resolved on 18 April 2017 that the planning proposal be submitted to the Department for a revised Gateway Determination as outlined in the report attached to the resolution and that the IHO applying to properties in Hurlstone Park continue to remain in force. The report attached to the resolution included the recommendation of the State 2 Hurlstone Park Heritage Assessment Study.
7. The Department issued an Alteration of Gateway Determination on 16 May 2017 in accordance with the resolution of the administrator (exhibit 2, f 348).
8. The planning proposal, "Implementation of Hurlstone Park Heritage Assessment Study" is currently on public exhibition until 7 July 2017. The study, dated April 2017, includes the two shops on the site and identifies them as contributory buildings within the draft "Crinan Street shops HCA" but not of a level of heritage significance that warrants a local heritage listing.

Legislative framework

1. The relevant sections of Part 3 of the Heritage Act provide: Part 3 Interim heritage orders for items of State or local heritage significance 24 Minister can make interim heritage orders for items of State or local heritage significance (1) The Minister may make an interim heritage order for a place, building, work, relic, moveable object or precinct that the Minister considers may, on further inquiry or investigation, be found to be of State or local heritage significance. 25 Minister can authorise councils to make interim heritage orders for items of local heritage significance (1) The Minister may, by order published in the Gazette, authorise a council to make interim heritage orders for items in the council's area. (2) A council authorised under this section may make an interim heritage order for a place, building, work, relic, moveable object or precinct in the council's area that the council considers may, on further inquiry or investigation, be found to be of local heritage significance, and that the council considers is being or is likely to be harmed. 29 Commencement, duration and revocation of IHOs (1) An interim heritage order takes effect on the date of publication of the order in the Gazette. (2) An interim heritage order remains in force for 12 months or such shorter period as may be specified in the order, unless it is revoked sooner. (4) A council may revoke an interim heritage order that the council has made (but cannot revoke one made by the Minister or by another council). 30 Appeal against IHO made by council (1) An affected owner or occupier may appeal to the Court against the making of an interim heritage order by a council.
2. The Heritage Act relevantly includes the following definitions at ss 4 and 4A: environmental heritage means those places, buildings, works, relics, moveable objects, and precincts, of State or local heritage significance local heritage significance has the meaning given by section 4A. 4A Heritage significance (1) In this Act: local heritage significance, in relation to a place, building, work, relic, moveable object or precinct, means significance to an area in relation to the historical, scientific, cultural, social, archaeological, architectural, natural or aesthetic value of the item. (4) The Heritage Council must use only criteria published in the Gazette under this section for the making of decisions as to whether or not an item is of State heritage significance.

Expert evidence

1. The applicant relied on the expert heritage evidence of Mr Robert Staas and the Council relied on the expert heritage evidence of Mr Paul Davies. The experts prepared a joint report (exhibit 3) and were not required for cross-examination.
2. The experts' joint report includes the following agreement in relation to the heritage significance of the site: The Experts agree that the based on the further research and comparative assessment made by both Robert Staas and Paul Davies, that the two properties do not reach the threshold for inclusion as Items of Environmental Heritage in the Canterbury Bankstown [sic] LEP but that they contribute to the character of the Draft Heritage Conservation Area proposed by Council for Crinan Street, Hurlstone Park as recommended by the Stage 2 heritage Assessment Report adopted by Council.

Findings

1. The power for making an IHO, under s 25(1) of the Heritage Act, depends on whether the Council considers that the item may, on further inquiry or investigation, be found to be of local (or state) heritage significance and that the Council considers is being or likely to be harmed. Under s 29(4) of the Heritage Act the Council has the power to revoke the IHO.
2. A determination of local heritage significance affords statutory protection to an item when it is listed in schedule 5 of the LEP. The purpose of an IHO is to protect the item while the item's local heritage significance is investigated to determine whether it reaches the threshold for listing at a local or state level (Byron Ventilink Pty Limited v Byron Shire Council [2005] NSWLEC 395 [56]). Significance to an area in relation to the historical, scientific, cultural, social, archaeological, architectural, natural or aesthetic value of the item, as assessed against the NSW Heritage Assessment Criteria (Assessing Heritage Significance, exhibit 1, f 126), requires that the item reaches a threshold that warrants its inclusion as environmental heritage in Schedule 5 of the LEP.
3. The Council now accepts that the buildings on the site do not reach the threshold for local heritage listing in Schedule 5 of LEP 2012. This has been established by Stage 2 of the Hurlstone Park Heritage Assessment Study, which tested the heritage significance of the buildings on the site against the NSW Heritage Assessment Criteria. This is also the agreed evidence of the heritage experts and I accept their agreement.
4. The identification of the two buildings on the site as contributory to the collective significance of the draft HCA is not equivalent to a finding of local heritage significance for an item. A finding of contributory significance to the collective significance of a draft HCA does not meet the threshold of local heritage significance in s 25(2) of the Heritage Act. Therefore the part of the IHO over the site has served its purpose in protecting the item while further enquiries were made and as it has been determined that the two shop buildings do not reach the threshold of local heritage significance, the part of the IHO over the site should be revoked.
5. There is no need to consider the second limb of s 25(2) of the Heritage Act, regarding the risk of harm to the item, as the first limb is not satisfied.

Conclusion

1. The part of the IHO that applies to the site has served its statutory purpose in protecting the item while further research was undertaken in regard to the heritage significance of the shop buildings on the site. That further research in Stage 2 of the Hurlstone Park Heritage Assessment Study has unequivocally established that the shop buildings on the site do not reach the threshold for local heritage listing and have not been found to be of local heritage significance. This is substantiated by the agreed evidence of the heritage experts. I am satisfied that the part of the IHO over the two shop buildings at 13 and 15 Crinan Street, Hurlstone Park, can be revoked.

Orders

1. The orders of the Court are: 1. The appeal is upheld. 2. The part of the Interim Heritage Order published in the NSW Government Gazette No 80 and dated 30 September 2016 over "The properties known as 13 and 15 Crinan Street Hurlstone Park on the land described in schedule B", is revoked. 3. The exhibits, other than exhibit A, are returned.

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Susan O'Neill Commissioner of the Court

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DISCLAIMER - Every effort has been made to comply with suppression orders or statutory provisions prohibiting publication that may apply to this judgment or decision. The onus remains on any person using material in the judgment or decision to ensure that the intended use of that material does not breach any such order or provision. Further enquiries may be directed to the Registry of the Court or Tribunal in which it was generated. Decision last updated: 23 June 2017