5Definitions

5 Definitions In these Regulations— ***administrative fee*** means a fee charged by the Secretary under section 97A of the Act; ***adopted standard*** means a standard, other than an ADR, that is adopted, applied or incorporated by the Vehicle Standards; Clause 51(2)(c)(i) of Schedule 1 applies Australian Standard AS 1973–1976 Retreaded Pneumatic Passenger Car and Light Truck Tyre. ***ADR 83/00*** means the third edition ADR titled "Vehicle Standard (Australian Design Rule 83/00—External Noise) 2005" made under the Motor Vehicle Standards Act and published from time to time by the Commonwealth Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development and Communications; The ADR 83/00 is available from www.infrastructure.gov.au/vehicles/design/adr_online.aspx. ***ADR 13/00*** means the third edition ADR titled "Vehicle Standard (Australian Design Rule 13/00—Installation of Lighting and Light Signalling Devices on other than L-Group Vehicles) 2005" made under the Motor Vehicle Standards Act and published from time to time by the Commonwealth Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development and Communications; The ADR 13/00 is available from www.infrastructure.gov.au/vehicles/design/adr_online.aspx. ***ADR (Definitions and Vehicle Categories)*** means the third edition ADR titled "Vehicle Standard (Australian Design Rule—Definitions and Vehicle Categories) 2005" made under the Motor Vehicle Standards Act and published from time to time by the Commonwealth Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development and Communications; The ADR (Definitions and Vehicle Categories) is available from www.legislation.gov.au/Details/F2021C00095. ***AFSA certificate*** means an alternative fuel systems assessment certificate issued by an authorised vehicle inspector that— (a) specifies the components of the vehicle inspected; and (b) certifies that— (i) the vehicle has been inspected; and (ii) the vehicle complies with the applicable standards for registration; ***agricultural combination*** means a combination that includes at least one agricultural vehicle; ***agricultural implement*** means— (a) a vehicle without its own motive power, not designed to carry a load and used exclusively to perform agricultural tasks; or (b) an agricultural trailer; ***agricultural machine*** means a vehicle with its own motive power, built to perform agricultural tasks; ***agricultural task*** includes the following— (a) the cultivation of land, including the growing and harvesting of crops; (b) the rearing of livestock; (c) commercial fishing; ***agricultural trailer*** means a trailer designed to carry a load and used exclusively to perform agricultural tasks, but does not include— (a) a semi-trailer; or (b) a trailer to which regulation 22(g) applies; ***agricultural vehicle*** means an agricultural implement or agricultural machine; ***agricultural vehicle area of operation*** means an area declared under regulation 8(1)(a) as an agricultural vehicle area of operation; ***air brake*** means an air-operated or air-assisted brake; ***air storage tank***, of a vehicle, means a tank fitted to the vehicle for storing compressed air; ***Airservices Australia*** means the body called Airservices Australia established under section 7 of the Air Services Act 1995 of the Commonwealth; ***annual adjustment factor*** means the factor calculated in accordance with clause 10 of Schedule 3; ***annual registration fee***, in relation to a vehicle to which Schedule 3 applies, means the fee which is payable in respect of a particular financial year for the registration or renewal of registration of the vehicle; ***approved application form*** means a form approved by the Secretary under regulation 16; ***approved body*** means a body declared under regulation 8(1)(e); ***approved club*** means a vehicle club approved under regulation 170; ***approved form*** means a form approved by the Secretary under regulation 19; ***articulated bus*** means a bus consisting of more than one rigid section with passenger access between the sections and the sections connected to one another so as to allow rotary movement between the sections; ***association*** means an association incorporated under the **Associations Incorporation Reform Act 2012**; ***ATM*** (aggregate trailer mass), of a trailer, means the total maximum mass of the trailer, as stated by the manufacturer, together with the trailer's load and the mass imposed on the towing vehicle by the trailer when the towing vehicle and trailer are on a horizontal surface; ***Australian Border Force*** has the same meaning as in section 4(1) of the Australian Border Force Act 2015 of the Commonwealth; ***Australian Border Force vehicle*** means a vehicle driven by an Immigration and Border Protection worker in the course of that person's work for the Australian Border Force; ***Australian court*** means any court or tribunal of a State or a Territory; ***Australian Design Rule*** ***(ADR)*** means national rules in relation to the design and construction of vehicles that are incorporated in a document described as an Australian Design Rule and includes— (a) a second edition ADR; and (b) a third edition ADR; ***authorised officer*** has the same meaning as ***authorised officer for the purposes of this section*** has in section 13(6) of the Act; ***authorised person*** means a person authorised under regulation 10; ***authorised vehicle inspector*** means a person authorised under regulation 11; ***axle group*** means— (a) a single axle group; or (b) a tandem axle group; or (c) a twinsteer axle group; or (d) a tri-axle group; or (e) a quad-axle group; or (f) an oversize tri-axle group; ***B-double combination*** means a combination consisting of a prime mover towing 2 semi‑trailers; ***B-double lead trailer*** means a semi-trailer that is nominated for use as the lead trailer in a B‑double combination; ***B-triple combination*** means a combination consisting of a prime mover towing 3 semi‑trailers; ***B-triple lead trailer*** means a semi-trailer that is nominated for use as the lead trailer in a B‑triple combination; ***B-triple middle trailer*** means a semi-trailer that is nominated for use as the second trailer in a B-triple combination; ***base fee*** means*—* (a) in the case of a vehicle to which Schedule 3 applies, the annual registration fee (within the meaning of that Schedule) applicable to that kind of vehicle; or (b) in the case of any other vehicle, the base registration fee imposed by section 9(2) of the Act; ***benevolent organisation*** means— (a) a benevolent or religious institution; or (b) a charitable association or corporation— the principal purpose of which is to provide assistance to the community or animals but does not include an organisation that operates for profit; ***bicycle carrier*** means a device that can be attached to the rear of a motor vehicle to enable one or more bicycles to be carried by the vehicle, but does not include a trailer; ***braking system***, of a vehicle, means all the brakes of the vehicle and all the components of the mechanisms by which they are operated; ***British Standard*** means a standard approved for publication on behalf of the British Standards Institution; Copies of British Standards are available for purchase from Standards Australia at www.standards.org.au. ***British Standards Institution*** means the institution of that name established under Royal Charter in the United Kingdom; ***bus*** means a motor vehicle built mainly to carry people and that seats over 9 adults (including the driver); ***bus (type 1)*** means a rigid bus that has 2 axles and an MRC not exceeding 12 tonnes; ***bus (type 2)*** means— (a) a rigid bus that has 2 axles and an MRC exceeding 12 tonnes; or (b) a rigid bus that has 3 or 4 axles; ***car*** means a motor vehicle built mainly to carry people that— (a) seats not more than 9 adults (including the driver); and (b) has a body commonly known as a sedan, station wagon, coupe, convertible or roadster; and (c) has 4 or more wheels; ***centre line***, in relation to an axle, means— (a) in the case of an axle consisting of one shaft, a line parallel to the length of the axle and passing through its centre; or (b) in the case of an axle consisting of 2 shafts, a line that is in the vertical plane passing through the centre of both shafts and that passes through the centres of the wheels on the shafts; ***centre of the axle group*** means— (a) a line located midway between the centre lines of the outermost axles of the group; or (b) if the group consists of 2 axles, one of which is fitted with twice the number of tyres as the other axle—a line located one third of the way from the centre line of the axle with more tyres towards the centre line of the axle with fewer tyres; Figure 1: Illustration showing the centre of a typical tandem axle group fitted with equal numbers of tyres on each axle. Figure 2: Illustration showing the centre of a typical tandem axle group fitted with unequal numbers of tyres on each axle. Figure 3: Illustration showing the centre of a tri-axle group. ***certificate of approved operations*** means a certificate issued in respect of a vehicle in accordance with regulation 33 or 187; ***certificate of roadworthiness*** means a certificate issued under Division 5 of Part 6; ***certificate of vehicle identity*** means a certificate issued by an authorised vehicle inspector in respect of a vehicle— (a) certifying that the vehicle has been inspected; and (b) verifying the vehicle particulars for the vehicle; ***class O field bin combination*** means a class O field bin that is being towed by a light vehicle or a tractor that has a GVM of less than 4⋅5 tonnes; ***class O notice*** means a notice published by the Secretary under regulation 221; ***class O permit*** means a permit issued by the Secretary under regulation 223; ***class O vehicle*** has the meaning given in regulation 219; ***club eligible vehicle*** means— (a) a vehicle manufactured more than 25 years before the date of an application under regulation 175(2); or (b) a replica of a vehicle described in paragraph (a); ***club log book*** means a log book issued by the Secretary under regulation 181(b); ***club member*** means a current member of an approved club; ***club permit*** means a permit issued by the Secretary under regulation 177; ***club permit label*** means a label issued by the Secretary under regulation 181(a); ***club permit period*** means the period specified in regulation 180(1); ***conspicuity marking*** has the same meaning as in ADR 13/00; ***converter dolly*** means a trailer with one axle group or single axle and a fifth wheel coupling, designed to convert a semi-trailer into a dog trailer; ***corporation*** ***particulars***, of a corporation, means— (a) the name of the corporation; and (b) the Australian Company Number or Australian Registered Body Number (if applicable); and (c) the Indigenous Corporation Number (if applicable); and (d) evidence of incorporation (if applicable); and (e) the business address of the corporation; and (f) the address for service of notices, if this is different from the business address; and (g) the corporation's telephone number and email address; ***corresponding registration authority*** means a person or body appointed under the law of another jurisdiction that has responsibility for the registration of vehicles in that jurisdiction; ***Council*** means the Transport and Infrastructure Council (which consists of Ministers) or any successor body; ***current certificate of roadworthiness*** means a certificate of roadworthiness issued not more than 30 days previously; ***customer number***, in relation to a registered operator, means a numeric identifier specified by the Secretary that uniquely identifies the registered operator; ***daylight*** means the period in a day from sunrise to sunset; ***dealer*** means a licensed motor car trader within the meaning of the **Motor Car Traders Act 1986**; ***diesel engine*** means an engine that works on the compression-ignition principle, and which operates on automotive diesel fuel; ***dog trailer*** means a trailer, including a trailer consisting of a semi-trailer and converter dolly, with— (a) one axle group or single axle at the front that is steered by connection to the towing vehicle by a drawbar; and (b) one axle group or single axle at the rear; ***drawbar*** means a part of a trailer, other than a semi-trailer, that connects the trailer body to a coupling for towing purposes; ***electric-powered vehicle*** means a vehicle that is powered by one or more electric motors or traction motors that are— (a) the only propulsion system for the vehicle; or (b) used in conjunction with another propulsion system for the vehicle; ***electric vehicle*** means a motor vehicle that— (a) uses one or more electric motors for propulsion; and (b) is fuelled from an off-vehicle electrical power source, a battery or an electric generator; and (c) is not fitted with an internal combustion engine that provides— (i) propulsion; or (ii) a fuel source for an electric propulsion system; Reg. 5 def. of *electronic identity credential* inserted by S.R. No. 67/2023 reg. 5(2). ***electronic identity credential*** has the same meaning as in section 3 of the **Service Victoria Act 2018**; ***eligible beneficiary*** means a person who is an eligible beneficiary within the meaning of the **State Concessions Act 2004**; Reg. 5 def. of *eligible veteran* inserted by S.R. No. 67/2023 reg. 5(2). ***eligible veteran*** means a person who is— (a) the holder of an electronic identity credential known as the Veterans Card—Victoria; or (b) the holder of a Gold Card, being a card issued to a person who is eligible for treatment under Part V or section 104 of the Veterans' Entitlements Act 1986 of the Commonwealth; or (c) assessed pursuant to Part 2 of Chapter 4 of the Military Rehabilitation and Compensation Act 2004 of the Commonwealth as a veteran who has suffered an impairment resulting from one or more service injuries or diseases, the degree of which constitutes 40 impairment points or more; ***emergency brake*** means a brake designed to be used if a service brake fails; Reg. 5 def. of *emergency vehicle* amended by S.R. No. 36/2025 reg. 11(a). ***emergency vehicle*** means any of the following— (a) a vehicle operated by or on behalf of and under the control of— (i) an ambulance service created under section 23 of the **Ambulance Services Act 1986** or listed in Schedule 1 to that Act; or (ii) an ambulance service created under a law in force in another jurisdiction; (b) a vehicle operated as an ambulance by the Australian Defence Force; (c) a vehicle operated by or on behalf of and under the control of— (i) Fire Rescue Victoria established under section 6 of the **Fire Rescue Victoria Act 1958**; or (ii) the Country Fire Authority appointed under section 6 of the **Country Fire Authority Act 1958**; or (iii) a fire service established under a law in force in another jurisdiction; (d) a fire service unit under the control of— (i) the Department of Energy, Environment and Climate Action; or (ii) the Australian Defence Force; (e) a vehicle under the control of the Emergency Management Commissioner; (f) a vehicle under the control of the Victoria State Emergency Service established by section 28 of the **Victoria State Emergency Service Act 2005**; (g) a vehicle being used to convey a member of the Australian Army engaged in connection with emergency ordnance disposal procedures; (h) a vehicle under the control of the Shepparton Search and Rescue Squad Inc. or the Echuca and Moama Search and Rescue Squad Inc.; (i) a vehicle under the control of Airservices Australia; ***escort vehicle*** means a motor vehicle that is being used for the purpose of— (a) transporting an authorised officer, a police officer or another person authorised to direct traffic; and (b) warning other highway users of the presence of a class O vehicle; ***examining mechanic***, in relation to a licensed tester, means a person employed, engaged or authorised by the licensed tester to examine and test vehicles under Part 6; Reg. 5 def. of *exempt vehicle* amended by S.R. No. 36/2025 reg. 11(b). ***exempt vehicle***, for the purposes of Schedule 1, means a light vehicle that is— (a) a police vehicle; or (b) an emergency vehicle; or (c) being used to convey a person employed in Safe Transport Victoria, the Department or the Victorian Fisheries Authority or a member of staff of the Regulator engaged in connection with the enforcement of one or more of the following Acts, as applicable— (i) the **Accident Towing Services Act 2007**; (ii) the **Bus Safety Act 2009**; (iii) the **Commercial Passenger Vehicle Industry Act 2017**; (iv) the **Fisheries Act 1995**; (v) the Heavy Vehicle National Law (Victoria); (vi) the **Road Safety Act 1986**; (vii) the **Road Management Act 2004**; (viii) the **Transport (Compliance and Miscellaneous) Act 1983**; or (d) an Australian Border Force vehicle; or (e) a Victorian Fisheries Authority vehicle; or (f) operating in accordance with a permit issued to a person under section 99B of the Act to conduct a non-road activity on a highway; ***field bin*** means a type of bulk bin used for the short-term storage of grain; ***fifth wheel coupling*** means a device, other than an upper rotating element and a kingpin, used with a prime mover, semi-trailer or converter dolly to— (a) permit quick coupling and uncoupling; and (b) provide for articulation; ***fleet owner*** means an owner of more than 50 vehicles; ***45 day club permit*** has the meaning given by regulation 174(1); ***front fog light*** means a light used to improve the illumination of the road in case of fog, snowfall, heavy rain or a dust storm; ***general identification mark*** means a unique identifier issued by the Secretary under Subdivision 2 of Division 3 of Part 3; ***ground clearance***, in relation to a vehicle, means the minimum distance to the ground, measured with the vehicle fully laden, from a point on the underside of the vehicle, except a point on a tyre, wheel, wheel hub, brake backing plate or flexible mudguard or mudflap of the vehicle; ***GTM*** (gross trailer mass) means the mass transmitted to the ground by the axles of a trailer when the trailer is loaded to its GVM and connected to the vehicle towing it; ***GTMR*** means gross trailer mass rating; ***guidelines*** means guidelines made by the Secretary under regulation 9; ***heavy trailer*** means a trailer or semi-trailer which is a heavy vehicle; ***high-beam***, in relation to a headlight or front fog light fitted to a vehicle, means the light is built or adjusted so that, when the vehicle is standing on level ground, the top of the main beam of light projected is above the low‑beam position; ***hydrogen-powered vehicle*** means a vehicle that— (a) is powered by a hydrogen fuel system; and (b) has one or more hydrogen fuel containers fitted to the vehicle as part of the system; ***illegally imported***, in relation to a motor vehicle or vehicle part, means that the motor vehicle or vehicle part— (a) is not permitted to be imported into Australia unless it has an approval under— (i) the Motor Vehicle Standards Act (as in force before its repeal); or (ii) the Road Vehicle Standards Act; and (b) has been imported without that approval or in contravention of a condition of that approval; ***Immigration and Border Protection worker*** has the same meaning as in section 4(1) of the Australian Border Force Act 2015 of the Commonwealth; ***indivisible item*** means an item that cannot be divided without extreme effort, expense or risk of damage to it; ***jinker*** means an axle or axle group that is— (a) built to support part of a load; and (b) connected to the vehicle in front of it by the load or a pole or cable; ***jurisdiction*** means an Australian State or Territory; ***large indivisible item*** means an indivisible item that cannot be carried on any vehicle without the vehicle exceeding a dimension limit relevant to the vehicle under Division 1 of Part 5; ***lead trailer***, in a combination, means the trailer that is, or that is to be, attached to the prime mover; ***left***, for a vehicle, means to the left of the centre of the vehicle when viewed by a person in the vehicle who is facing towards the front of the vehicle; ***legal personal representative*** means the executor original or by representation or administrator for the time being of a deceased person; ***licensed tester*** means a person who holds a tester's licence; ***light combination*** means a combination that does not include a heavy vehicle; ***light motor vehicle*** means a motor vehicle with an MRC not exceeding 4⋅5 tonnes; ***light trailer*** means a trailer with an MRC not exceeding 4⋅5 tonnes; ***light vehicle*** means a light motor vehicle or light trailer; ***load-carrying vehicle*** means a vehicle that is carrying, or is built to carry, a load; ***loaded mass***, in relation to a vehicle, means the sum of the mass of the vehicle and the mass of the load on the vehicle that is imposed on the surface on which the vehicle is standing or running; ***local zone*** in respect of a vehicle means the area within a radius of 100 metres from the entrance of the vehicle's garage address on a public road (within the meaning of the **Road Management Act 2004**); ***long combination truck*** means a truck nominated to haul 2 or more trailers; ***low-beam***, in relation to a headlight or front fog light fitted to a vehicle, means the headlight or front fog light is built or adjusted so that, when the vehicle is standing on level ground, the top of the main beam of light projected is— (a) not higher than the centre of the headlight or fog light, when measured at a point 8 metres in front of the vehicle; and (b) not more than 1 metre higher than the level on which the motor vehicle is standing, when measured at a point 25 metres in front of the vehicle; Figure 4: Illustration of a low-beam headlight. ***low loader*** means a semi-trailer with a loading deck that is no higher than 1 metre above the ground or, if the semi-trailer has more than one loading deck, with its longest loading deck no higher than 1 metre above the ground; ***low loader dolly*** means a mass-distributing trailer that— (a) is usually coupled between a prime mover and a low loader; and (b) consists of a rigid frame; and (c) does not directly carry any load on itself; and (d) is equipped with one or more axles, a kingpin and a fifth wheel coupling; ***major road*** means a highway declared under regulation 8(1)(b) as a major road; ***manufacturer*** has the same meaning as in the Australian Consumer Law (Victoria); ***medium combination truck*** means a truck, other than a short combination truck, nominated to haul one trailer; ***mobile plant*** means a motor vehicle with an MRC not exceeding 4⋅5 tonnes (including a tractor) that is— (a) not designed solely for carrying passengers; and (b) constructed for the incidental purpose of carrying a load (other than water in the case of concrete pumps and fire engines); and (c) not a tow truck; ***moped*** means— (a) a motor cycle or motor trike with an engine cylinder capacity of not over 50 millilitres and a maximum speed of not over 50 kilometres per hour; or (b) a motor cycle or motor trike with a power source other than a piston engine and a maximum speed of not over 50 kilometres per hour; ***motor car trader*** has the same meaning as in the **Motor Car Traders Act** **1986**; ***Motor Vehicle Standards Act*** means the Motor Vehicle Standards Act 1989 of the Commonwealth; ***Motor Vehicle Standards Regulations*** means the Motor Vehicle Standards Regulations 1989 of the Commonwealth; ***MRC*** (mass rating for charging), in relation to a vehicle, means— (a) the maximum mass of the vehicle, including any load, recorded on the compliance plate as the GVM, GTMR or ATM of the vehicle; or (b) if the vehicle has no compliance plate—its operating mass; ***mudguard*** means a fitting or device, with or without a mudflap, that is built and fitted to a vehicle in a way that will, as far as practicable, catch or deflect downwards any stone, mud, water or other substance thrown up by the rotation of the wheel to which the fitting or device is fitted; ***multi-combination prime mover*** means a prime mover nominated to haul 2 or more trailers; ***national heavy vehicle number plate*** means a number plate assigned to a heavy vehicle; ***National Transport Commission*** means the National Transport Commission established by the National Transport Commission Act 2003 of the Commonwealth; ***nearer side of the vehicle***, in relation to a light or reflector fitted to a vehicle, means the side of the vehicle that is closest to where the light or reflector is fitted; ***night*** means the period beginning at sunset and ending at sunrise; ***90 day club permit*** has the meaning given by regulation 174(2); ***operating condition*** means a condition imposed on a club permit under regulation 187; ***operating mass****,* in relation to a vehicle, means the maximum mass of the vehicle, including any load; ***operations plate*** means a plate installed on a vehicle in accordance with regulation 33; ***oversize tri-axle group*** means a group of 3 axles in which the horizontal distance between the centre lines of each axle is 1⋅8 metres; ***parking brake****,* of a vehicle, means the brake usually used to keep the vehicle stationary while the vehicle is parked; ***passenger car (MA)*** has the same meaning as in the ADR (Definitions and Vehicle Categories); ***personal particulars*** has the same meaning as in regulation 5 of the Road Safety (Drivers) Regulations 2019[[2]](#endnote-3); ***pig trailer*** means a trailer— (a) with one axle group or single axle near the middle of its load-carrying surface; and (b) that connects to the vehicle towing it by a drawbar; ***pilot vehicle*** means a motor vehicle, other than an escort vehicle, being used to warn other highway users of the presence of a class O vehicle; ***plug-in hybrid electric vehicle*** means a motor vehicle that— (a) uses one or more electric motors for propulsion; and (b) is fuelled from an off-vehicle electrical power source, a battery, a fuel cell or an electric generator; and (c) is fitted with an internal combustion engine that provides— (i) propulsion; or (ii) a fuel source for an electric propulsion system; ***point of articulation*** means— (a) the axis of a kingpin for a fifth wheel; or (b) the vertical axis of rotation of a fifth wheel coupling; or (c) the vertical axis of rotation of a turntable assembly; or (d) the vertical axis of rotation of the front axle group, or single axle, of a dog trailer; or (e) the coupling pivot point of a semi‑trailer; Figure 5: Illustration of point of articulation—fifth wheel coupling on a converter dolly (forming the front axle group of a dog trailer). Figure 6: Illustration of point of articulation—fifth wheel on a prime mover. Figure 7: Illustration of point of articulation—kingpin for fifth wheel. ***pole-type trailer*** means a trailer that is— (a) attached to the vehicle towing it by means of a pole or an attachment fitted to a pole; and (b) ordinarily used for transporting loads, such as logs, pipes, structural members or other long objects that are generally capable of supporting themselves like beams between supports; ***police vehicle*** means a vehicle driven by a police officer in the course of the officer's duty; ***primary producer*** means a person— (a) engaged solely or substantially in agricultural, horticultural, viticultural, dairying, pastoral or other like activities; or (b) who is the holder of a licence under the **Fisheries Act 1995** to take fish for sale; ***primary producer vehicle*** means a vehicle referred to in item 4 of the Table in Schedule 2; ***principal grooves***, in relation to a tyre, means the wide grooves— (a) positioned in the central zone of the tyre tread; and (b) in which tread wear indicators are located; ***public auction*** means an auction that is open to the general public; ***quad-axle group*** means a group of 4 axles, in which the horizontal distance between the centre lines of the outermost axles is more than 3⋅2 metres but not more than 4⋅9 metres; ***RAV*** means the Register of Approved Vehicles kept under section 14(1) of the Road Vehicle Standards Act; ***rear fog light*** means a light used on a vehicle to make it more easily visible from the rear in dense fog; ***rear marking plates*** means rear marking plates that comply with VSB 12; ***rear overhang*** has the meaning given in clause 60 of Schedule 1; ***rear overhang line***, in relation to a vehicle, has the meaning given in clause 60 of Schedule 1; ***recreation motor cycle*** means a motor cycle with 2 wheels that— (a) is generally constructed so that it will not cause, or be likely to cause, a danger to its driver or to any person on a highway; and (b) is so constructed that its driver has a sufficient view of traffic to its front and rear and to both sides to enable the driver to drive it safely; and (c) has a braking system comprising brakes fitted to both wheels of the vehicle; and (d) has fixed to it— (i) one headlamp; and (ii) one rear red lamp; and (iii) one rear red brake lamp; and (e) if fitted with an internal combustion engine, has securely fixed to its engine a silencing device constructed so that— (i) all the exhaust gases from the engine pass through the silencer in a manner which prevents undue noise; and (ii) there is no attached cut-out or device capable of producing an open exhaust; and (f) is not used to carry goods or passengers; ***registered vehicle*** means— (a) a vehicle registered under Part 2 of the Act; or (b) a vehicle that is not currently registered under Part 2 of the Act but that was so registered— (i) in the case of a heavy vehicle with seasonal registration, within the preceding 12 months; or (ii) in any other case, within the preceding 3 months; Reg. 5 def. of *registration fee* amended by S.R. No. 67/2023 reg. 5(1). ***registration fee*** means the fee (if any) for registration or renewal of registration of a vehicle as determined under section 9 of the Act or regulation 116, 117, 118, 119, 120 or 120A; ***registration period*** means the period during which a motor vehicle is registered; ***relevant date*** means— (a) for a vehicle that is written off by an insurer or self-insurer, the date on which the insurer or self-insurer made a determination under section 16C(1)(b) of the Act in respect of the vehicle; or (b) for a vehicle that is being demolished or dismantled by a motor wrecker, the date on which the motor wrecker began to demolish or dismantle the vehicle; or (c) for a vehicle that is in the care, custody or control of a motor car trader, the date on which the vehicle came into the care, custody or control of the motor car trader; ***relevant identification information***, for a motor vehicle, means— (a) the registration number of the vehicle (if any); and (b) the vehicle identifier of the vehicle; and (c) the make and model of the vehicle; and (d) whether the vehicle is— (i) a light motor vehicle other than a motor cycle; or (ii) a motor cycle; ***replica*** means a light motor vehicle that is an individually constructed vehicle that resembles, as closely as practicable, the appearance and dimensions of the production vehicle on which its design is based; ***Individually constructed vehicle*** and ***production vehicle*** are defined in VSB 14. ***right***, for a vehicle, means to the right of the centre of the vehicle when viewed by a person in the vehicle who is facing towards the front of the vehicle; ***Road Vehicle Standards Act*** means the Road Vehicle Standards Act 2018 of the Commonwealth; ***Road Vehicle Standards Rules*** means the Road Vehicle Standards Rules 2019 of the Commonwealth; ***seasonal registration*** means the registration of a heavy vehicle for a period referred to in regulation 58(1)(a)(ii) or 83(2)(b); ***second edition ADR*** means a national standard under the Motor Vehicle Standards Act (as in force immediately before its repeal) incorporated in the Australian Design Rules for Motor Vehicle Safety, Second Edition, originally published by the Commonwealth Department of Transport; The second edition ADR is available from www.infrastructure.gov.au/vehicles/design/second_edition_adrs.aspx. ***service brake***, for a vehicle, means the brake normally used to decelerate the vehicle; ***short combination prime mover*** means a prime mover nominated to haul one semi-trailer; ***short combination truck*** means a truck nominated to haul one trailer where, according to the nomination— (a) the combination has 6 axles or fewer; and (b) the maximum total mass that is legally allowable for the combination is 42·5 tonnes or less; ***side marker light*** means a light fitted to the side of a vehicle indicating the presence and length of the vehicle when viewed on that side; ***single axle*** means an axle not forming part of an axle group; ***single axle group*** means a group of 2 or more axles, in which the horizontal distance between the centre lines of the outermost axles is less than 1 metre; ***slimline club permit number plate*** means a club permit number plate that has a height of not more than 120 millimetres and a width of not more than 375 millimetres; ***slimline number plate*** means a number plate, other than one issued for a motor cycle or for affixing to a bicycle carrier, that has a height of not more than 120 millimetres and a width of not more than 375 millimetres; ***special purpose vehicle*** means— (a) a vehicle (other than a caravan, a mobile home, a mobile library, a mobile workshop, a mobile laboratory or a mobile billboard) built, or permanently modified, for a primary purpose other than the carriage of goods or passengers; or (b) any of the following vehicles— (i) a forklift; (ii) a straddle carrier; (iii) a mobile cherry picker; (iv) a mobile crane; ***special work vehicle*** means a motor vehicle that— (a) is a light motor vehicle not constructed as a tractor; and (b) is primarily constructed and used for off-road transportation; and (c) is undertaking agricultural, maintenance or service tasks; and (d) does not comply with an ADR; ***specially constructed motor vehicle*** means a vehicle that is— (a) not designed primarily for carrying passengers or goods on a highway; and (b) determined by the Secretary to be a specially constructed motor vehicle; ***sport device and associated equipment*** includes, but is not limited to, the following and any associated equipment— (a) a glider; (b) a yacht; (c) a rowing shell; (d) a dragon boat; (e) surf skis; (f) a canoe; (g) a kayak; ***sporting body*** means an association or corporation the principal purpose of which is to facilitate and coordinate the sporting activities of its members; ***spring brake*** means a brake using one or more springs to store the energy needed to operate the brake; ***standard number plate*** means a number plate that, at the time of issue, is of the design, size, colour and material of number plates generally issued by the Secretary; ***standards for registration*** means— (a) in relation to a heavy vehicle—the heavy vehicle standards within the meaning of the Heavy Vehicle National Law (Victoria) and, if the heavy vehicle is a bus, Division 19 of Part 7 of Schedule 1; or (b) in relation to any other vehicle—the Vehicle Standards, other than Division 19 of Part 7 of Schedule 1; ***street rod vehicle*** means a vehicle that has been modified for safe road use and that— (a) has a body and frame that were built before 1949; or (b) is a replica of a vehicle the body and frame of which were built before 1949; ***tandem axle group*** means a group of at least 2 axles in which the horizontal distance between the centre lines of the outermost axles is at least 1 metre but not more than 2 metres; ***temporary club log book*** means a form for recording vehicle use issued by the Secretary under regulation 178; ***temporary club permit*** means a permit issued by the Secretary under regulation 178; ***tester's licence*** means a licence issued by the Secretary under regulation 233; ***the Act*** means the **Road Safety Act 1986**; ***third edition ADR*** means— (a) a national standard under the Motor Vehicle Standards Act as in force before the repeal of that Act; or (b) a national road vehicle standard made under section 12 of the Road Vehicle Standards Act as in force from time to time; The third edition ADR is available from www.infrastructure.gov.au/vehicles/design/adr_online.aspx. ***towing vehicle***, for a trailer, means the motor vehicle towing the trailer; ***trade plate*** means a plate supplied by the Secretary under Subdivision 2 of Division 3 of Part 3; ***transfer fee*** means the fee (if any) for transfer of registration of a vehicle payable under regulation 121; ***transport accident charge*** means a charge payable under Part 7 of the **Transport Accident Act 1986**; ***tread wear indicators***, in relation to a tyre, means projections within a groove of the tyre that indicate the degree of wear on the tyre's tread; ***tri-axle group*** means a group of at least 3 axles in which the horizontal distance between the centre lines of the outermost axles is more than 2 metres but not more than 3⋅2 metres; ***truck (type 1)*** means a truck that has— (a) 2 axles and an MRC not exceeding 12 tonnes; or (b) 3 axles and an MRC not exceeding 16·5 tonnes; or (c) 4 or more axles and an MRC not exceeding 20 tonnes; ***truck (type 2)*** means a truck that has— (a) 2 axles and an MRC exceeding 12 tonnes; or (b) 3 axles and an MRC exceeding 16·5 tonnes; or (c) 4 or more axles and an MRC exceeding 20 tonnes; ***turntable*** means a bearing built to carry vertical and horizontal loads (other than a bearing that allows quick separation of its upper and lower rotating elements) that is used to connect and allow articulation between— (a) a prime mover and a semi-trailer; or (b) the steering axle or axle group of a dog trailer and the body of the trailer; or (c) a fifth wheel coupling and the vehicle to which it is mounted; ***twinsteer axle group*** means a group of 2 axles— (a) with single tyres; and (b) fitted to a motor vehicle; and (c) connected to the same steering mechanism; and (d) the horizontal distance between the centre lines of which is at least 1 metre, but not more than 2 metres; ***unladen mass*** means the mass of a vehicle without any load; ***unregistered vehicle permit*** means a permit issued by the Secretary under regulation 149; ***urban area*** means an area declared under regulation 8(1)(c); ***used***, in relation to a vehicle referred to in regulation 44(g), means— (a) previously registered in Victoria or elsewhere; or (b) used in Victoria or elsewhere in circumstances in which it was not required to be registered, otherwise than in connection with the delivery and sale of the vehicle; ***usual information*** means— (a) the relevant identification information for the vehicle; and (b) the relevant date for the vehicle; and (c) any other information required by the Secretary by notice in writing; and (d) the date on which the information in paragraphs (a) to (c) is given to the Secretary; ***vacuum brakes*** means vacuum-operated or vacuum-assisted brakes; ***vacuum storage tank***, of a vehicle, means a tank fitted to the vehicle for storing air at low pressure; ***VASS approval certificate*** means a vehicle assessment signatory scheme certificate issued by an authorised vehicle inspector— (a) specifying the components of the vehicle inspected; and (b) certifying that— (i) the construction of or a modification to the vehicle has been inspected; and (ii) the vehicle complies with— (A) the standards for registration; or (B) the applicable Vehicle Standards; or (C) an applicable VSB; or (D) the applicable guidelines; ***vehicle club*** includes a vehicle association but excludes a club or association which solely or primarily conducts its operations over the Internet; ***vehicle defect label*** means a label affixed to a vehicle which has been issued with a vehicle defect notice; ***vehicle defect notice*** means a notice issued under Part 7; ***vehicle defect notice clearance certificate*** means a certificate issued by an authorised vehicle inspector, certifying that— (a) the vehicle has been inspected; and (b) the defects set out in the vehicle defect notice issued in relation to the vehicle have been rectified; ***vehicle inspection centre*** means a place specified in an authorisation under regulation 11; ***vehicle particulars***, in relation to a vehicle, means the following details*—* (a) the make, model and year of the vehicle; (b) the registration number or registration permit number of the vehicle (if any); (c) the vehicle identifier; (d) the engine identification number of the vehicle (if any); (e) the colour of the vehicle; (f) the body type of the vehicle; ***Vehicle Standards*** means the standards set out in Schedule 1; ***Victorian Fisheries Authority*** means the Victorian Fisheries Authority established under Part 2 of the **Victorian Fisheries Authority Act 2016**; Reg. 5 def. of *VIV certificate* amended by S.R. No. 129/2022 reg. 6. ***VIV certificate*** means a vehicle identity validation certificate issued by an authorised vehicle inspector, certifying that— (a) the vehicle is the original vehicle to which the relevant vehicle identifier was assigned; and (b) any damage, condition or damaged part or component which caused the vehicle to be recorded on the register of written-off vehicles has been repaired, restored or replaced in accordance with— (i) manufacturer standards for the vehicle; or (ii) if there are no manufacturer standards for the vehicle, in accordance with industry standards; and (c) any other damaged part or component which is safety related but did not form the basis for the vehicle to be recorded on the register of written-off vehicles has been repaired, restored or replaced in accordance with— (i) manufacturer standards for the vehicle; or (ii) if there are no manufacturer standards for the vehicle, in accordance with industry standards; ***VSB*** means Vehicle Standards Bulletin; ***VSB 14*** means the VSB titled "VSB 14—National Code of Practice for Light Vehicle Construction and Modification", as published from time to time by the Commonwealth Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development and Communications; VSB 14 is available from www.infrastructure.gov.au/ vehicles/vehicle_regulation/bulletin/index.aspx. ***VSB 6*** means the VSB titled "VSB 6—National Code of Practice for Heavy Vehicle Modifications", as published from time to time by the Commonwealth Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development and Communications; VSB 6 is available from www.nhvr.gov.au. ***VSB 12*** means the VSB titled "VSB 12—National Code of Practice Rear Marking Plates for all motor vehicles over 12 tonnes GVM and all trailers over 10 tonnes GTM", as published from time to time by the Commonwealth Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development and Communications; VSB 12 is available from www.infrastructure.gov.au/ vehicles/vehicle_regulation/bulletin/index.aspx. ***warning light*** means a light fitted to a vehicle designed specifically to warn road users of the vehicle's presence on a road; ***wheelbase***, in relation to a vehicle, means the distance from the centre line of the vehicle's foremost axle to the vehicle's rear overhang line; ***yellow*** includes amber; ***zero and low emission vehicle*** means any of the following that is not a mobile plant, a motor cycle or a heavy vehicle— (a) an electric vehicle; (b) a hydrogen-powered vehicle; (c) a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle.