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Adoption Act 1993
121Regulation-making power
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121 Regulation-making power
(1) The Executive may make regulations for this Act.
(2) A regulation may make provision in relation to—
(a) the keeping of lists by the director-general and by private
adoption agencies of people approved for the placement of a
child or young person for adoption; and
(b) access to the register of adoptions; and
(c) the giving of copies of, or extracts from, entries included in the
register of adoptions; and
(d) the making, correction or cancellation of entries about adopted
people in the register of births.
(3) A regulation may also prescribe offences for contraventions of the
regulations and prescribe maximum penalties of not more than 10
penalty units for offences against the regulations.
Schedule 1 Convention on Protection of
Children and Cooperation in
Respect of Intercountry
Adoption
(dict, def Convention)
The States signatory to the present Convention,
Recognising that the child, for the full and harmonious development of his or
her personality, should grow up in a family environment, in an atmosphere of
happiness, love and understanding,
Recalling that each State should take, as a matter of priority, appropriate
measures to enable the child to remain in the care of his or her family of origin,
Recognising that intercountry adoption may offer the advantage of a permanent
family to a child for whom a suitable family cannot be found in his or her State
of origin,
Convinced of the necessity to take measures to ensure that intercountry
adoptions are made in the best interests of the child and with respect for his or
her fundamental rights, and to prevent the abduction, the sale of, or traffic in
children,
Desiring to establish common provisions to this effect, taking into account the
principles set forth in international instruments, in particular the United Nations
Convention on the Rights of the Child , of 20 November 1989, and the United
Nations Declaration on Social and Legal Principles relating to the Protection
and Welfare of Children, with Special Reference to Foster Placement and
Adoption Nationally and Internationally (General Assembly Resolution 41/85,
of 3 December 1986),
Have agreed upon the following provisions—
CHAPTER I—SCOPE OF THE CONVENTION
Article 1
The objects of the present Convention are—
(a) to establish safeguards to ensure that intercountry adoptions take
place in the best interests of the child and with respect for his or
her fundamental rights as recognised in international law,
(b) to establish a system of cooperation amongst Contracting States
to ensure that those safeguards are respected and thereby prevent
the abduction, the sale of, or traffic in children,
(c) to secure the recognition in Contracting States of adoptions
made in accordance with the Convention.
Article 2
(1) The Convention shall apply where a child habitually resident in one
Contracting State (‘ "the State of origin" ’) has been, is being, or is to
be moved to another Contracting State (‘ "the receiving State" ’)
either after his or her adoption in the State of origin by spouses or a
person habitually resident in the receiving State, or for the purposes
of such an adoption in the receiving State or in the State of origin.
(2) The Convention covers only adoptions which create a permanent
parent-child relationship.
Article 3
The Convention ceases to apply if the agreements mentioned in
Article 17, sub-paragraph (c), have not been given before the child
attains the age of eighteen years.
CHAPTER II—REQUIREMENTS FOR INTERCOUNTRY
ADOPTIONS
Article 4
An adoption within the scope of the Convention shall take place only
if the competent authorities of the State of origin—
(a) have established that the child is adoptable,
(b) have determined, after possibilities for placement of the child
within the State of origin have been given due consideration,
that an intercountry adoption is in the child’s best interests,
(c) have ensured that
(1) the persons, institutions and authorities whose consent is
necessary for adoption, have been counselled as may be
necessary and duly informed of the effects of their consent,
in particular whether or not an adoption will result in the
termination of the legal relationship between the child and
his or her family of origin,
(2) such persons, institutions and authorities have given their
consent freely, in the required legal form, and expressed or
evidenced in writing,
(3) the consents have not been induced by payment or
compensation of any kind and have not been withdrawn,
and
(4) the consent of the mother, where required, has been given
only after the birth of the child, and
(d) have ensured, having regard to the age and degree of maturity of
the child, that
(1) he or she has been counselled and duly informed of the
effects of the adoption and of his or her consent to the
adoption, where such consent is required,
(2) consideration has been given to the child’s wishes and
opinions,
(3) the child’s consent to the adoption, where such consent is
required, has been given freely, in the required legal form,
and expressed or evidenced in writing, and
(4) such consent has not been induced by payment or
compensation of any kind.
Article 5
An adoption within the scope of the convention shall take place only
if the competent authorities of the receiving State—
(a) have determined that the prospective adoptive parents are
eligible and suited to adopt,
(b) have ensured that the prospective adoptive parents have been
counselled as may be necessary, and
(c) have determined that the child is or will be authorised to enter
and reside permanently in that State.
CHAPTER III—CENTRAL AUTHORITIES AND
ACCREDITED BODIES
Article 6
(1) A Contracting State shall designate a Central Authority to discharge
the duties which are imposed by the Convention upon such
authorities.
(2) Federal States, States with more than one system of law or States
having autonomous territorial units shall be free to appoint more than
one Central Authority and to specify the territorial or personal extent
of their functions. Where a State has appointed more than one Central
Authority, it shall designate the Central Authority to which any
communication may be addressed for transmission to the appropriate
Central Authority within that State.
Article 7
(1) Central Authorities shall cooperate with each other and promote
cooperation amongst the competent authorities in their States to
protect children and to achieve the other objects of the Convention.
(2) They shall take directly all appropriate measures to—
(a) provide information as to the laws of their States concerning
adoption and other general information, such as statistics and
standard forms,
(b) keep one another informed about the operation of the
Convention and, as far as possible, eliminate any obstacles to its
application.
Article 8
Central Authorities shall take, directly or through public authorities,
all appropriate measures to prevent improper financial or other gain
in connection with an adoption and to deter all practices contrary to
the objects of the Convention.
Article 9
Central Authorities shall take, directly or through public authorities
or other bodies duly accredited in their State, all appropriate
measures, in particular to—
(a) collect, preserve and exchange information about the situation
of the child and the prospective adoptive parents, so far as is
necessary to complete the adoption,
(b) facilitate, follow and expedite proceedings with a view to
obtaining the adoption,
(c) promote the development of adoption counselling and
post-adoption services in their States,
(d) provide each other with general evaluation reports about
experience with intercountry adoption,
(e) reply, in so far as is permitted by the law of their State, to
justified requests from other Central Authorities or public
authorities for information about a particular adoption situation.
Article 10
Accreditation shall only be granted to and maintained by bodies
demonstrating their competence to carry out properly the tasks with
which they may be entrusted.
Article 11
An accredited body shall—
(a) pursue only non-profit objectives according to such conditions
and within such limits as may be established by the competent
authorities of the State of accreditation,
(b) be directed and staffed by persons qualified by their ethical
standards and by training or experience to work in the field of
intercountry adoption, and
(c) be subject to supervision by competent authorities of that State
as to its composition, operation and financial situation.
Article 12
A body accredited in one Contracting State may act in another
Contracting State only if the competent authorities of both States have
authorised it to do so.
Article 13
The designation of the Central Authorities and where appropriate, the
extent of their functions, as well as the names and addresses of the
accredited bodies shall be communicated by each Contracting State
to the Permanent Bureau of the Hague Conference on Private
International Law.
CHAPTER IV—PROCEDURAL REQUIREMENTS IN
INTERCOUNTRY ADOPTION
Article 14
Persons habitually resident in a Contracting State, who wish to adopt
a child habitually resident in another Contracting State, shall apply to
the Central Authority in the State of their habitual residence.
Article 15
(1) If the Central Authority of the receiving State is satisfied that the
applicants are eligible and suited to adopt, it shall prepare a report
including information about their identity, eligibility and suitability
to adopt, background, family and medical history, social
environment, reasons for adoption, ability to undertake an
intercountry adoption, as well as the characteristics of the children for
whom they would be qualified to care.
(2) It shall transmit the report to the Central Authority of the State of
origin.
Article 16
(1) If the Central Authority of the State of origin is satisfied that the child
is adoptable, it shall—
(a) prepare a report including information about his or her identity,
adoptability, background, social environment, family history,
medical history including that of the child’s family, and any
special needs of the child,
(b) give due consideration to the child’s upbringing and to his or her
ethnic, religious and cultural background,
(c) ensure that consents have been obtained in accordance with
Article 4, and
(d) determine, on the basis in particular of the reports relating to the
child and the prospective adoptive parents, whether the
envisaged placement is in the best interests of the child.
(2) It shall transmit to the Central Authority of the receiving State its
report on the child, proof that the necessary consents have been
obtained and the reasons for its determination on the placement,
taking care not to reveal the identity of the mother and the father if,
in the State of origin, these identities may not be disclosed.
Article 17
Any decision in the State of origin that a child should be entrusted to
prospective adoptive parents may only be made if—
(a) the Central Authority of that State has ensured that the
prospective adoptive parents agree,
(b) the Central Authority of the receiving State has approved such
decision, where such approval is required by the law of that State
or by the Central Authority of the State of origin,
(c) the Central Authorities of both States have agreed that the
adoption may proceed, and
(d) it has been determined, in accordance with Article 5, that the
prospective adoptive parents are eligible and suited to adopt and
that the child is or will be authorised to enter and reside
permanently in the receiving State.
Article 18
The Central Authorities of both States shall take all necessary steps
to obtain permission for the child to leave the State of origin and to
enter and reside permanently in the receiving State.
Article 19
(1) The transfer of the child to the receiving State may only be carried
out if the requirements of Article 17 have been satisfied.
(2) The Central Authorities of both States shall ensure that this transfer
takes place in secure and appropriate circumstances and, if possible,
in the company of the adoptive or prospective adoptive parents.
(3) If the transfer of the child does not take place, the reports referred to
in Articles 15 and 16 are to be sent back to the authorities who
forwarded them.
Article 20
The Central Authorities shall keep each other informed about the
adoption process and the measures taken to complete it, as well as
about the progress of the placement if a probationary period is
required.
Article 21
(1) Where the adoption is to take place after the transfer of the child to
the receiving State and it appears to the Central Authority of that State
that the continued placement of the child with the prospective
adoptive parents is not in the child’s best interests, such Central
Authority shall take the measures necessary to protect the child, in
particular—
(a) to cause the child to be withdrawn from the prospective adoptive
parents and to arrange temporary care,
(b) in consultation with the Central Authority of the State of origin,
to arrange without delay a new placement of the child with a
view to adoption or, if this is not appropriate, to arrange
alternative long-term care, an adoption shall not take place until
the Central Authority of the State of origin has been duly
informed concerning the new prospective adoptive parents,
(c) as a last resort, to arrange the return of the child, if his or her
interests so require.
(2) Having regard in particular to the age and degree of maturity of the
child, he or she shall be consulted and, where appropriate, his or her
consent obtained in relation to measures to be taken under this Article.
Article 22
(1) The functions of a Central Authority under this Chapter may be
performed by public authorities or by bodies accredited under
Chapter III, to the extent permitted by the law of its State.
(2) Any Contracting State may declare to the depositary of the
Convention that the functions of the Central Authority under Articles
15 to 21 may be performed in that State, to the extent permitted by
the law and subject to the supervision of the competent authorities of
that State, also by bodies or person who—
(a) meet the requirements of integrity, professional competence,
experience and accountability of that State, and
(b) are qualified by their ethical standards and by training or
experience to work in the field of intercountry adoption.
(3) A Contracting State which makes the declaration provided for in
paragraph (2) shall keep the Permanent Bureau of the Hague
Conference on Private International Law informed of the names and
addresses of these bodies and persons.
(4) Any Contracting State may declare to the depositary of the
Convention that adoptions of children habitually resident in its
territory may only take place if the functions of the Central
Authorities are performed in accordance with paragraph (1).
(5) Notwithstanding any declaration made under paragraph (2), the
reports provided for in Articles 15 and 16 shall, in every case, be
prepared under the responsibility of the Central Authority or other
authorities or bodies in accordance with paragraph (1).
CHAPTER V—RECOGNITION AND EFFECTS OF THE
ADOPTION
Article 23
(1) An adoption certified by the competent authority of the State of the
adoption as having been made in accordance with the Convention
shall be recognised by operation of law in the other Contracting
States. The certificate shall specify when and by whom the
agreements under Article 17, sub-paragraph (c), were given.
(2) Each Contracting State shall, at the time of signature, ratification,
acceptance, approval or accession, notify the depositary of the
Convention of the identity and the functions of the authority or the
authorities which, in that State, are competent to make the
certification. It shall also notify the depositary of any modification in
the designation of these authorities.
Article 24
The recognition of an adoption may be refused in a Contracting State
only if the adoption is manifestly contrary to its public policy, taking
into account the best interests of the child.
Article 25
Any Contracting State may declare to the depositary of the
Convention that it will not be bound under this Convention to
recognise adoptions made in accordance with an agreement
concluded by application of Article 39, paragraph (2).
Article 26
(1) The recognition of an adoption includes recognition of—
(a) the legal parent-child relationship between the child and his or
her adoptive parents,
(b) parental responsibility of the adoptive parents for the child,
(c) the termination of a pre-existing legal relationship between the
child and his or her mother and father, if the adoption has this
effect in the Contracting State where it was made.
(2) In the case of an adoption having the effect of terminating a
pre-existing legal parent-child relationship, the child shall enjoy in
the receiving State, and in any other Contracting State where the
adoption is recognised, rights equivalent to those resulting from
adoptions having this effect in each such State.
(3) The preceding paragraphs shall not prejudice the application of any
provision more favourable for the child, in force in the Contracting
State which recognises the adoption.
Article 27
(1) Where an adoption granted in the State of origin does not have the
effect of terminating a pre-existing legal parent-child relationship, it
may, in the receiving State which recognises the adoption under the
Convention, be converted into an adoption having such an effect—
(a) if the law of the receiving State so permits, and
(b) if the consent referred to in Article 4, sub-paragraphs (c) and (d)
have been or are given for the purpose of such an adoption.
(2) Article 23 applies to the decision converting the adoption.
CHAPTER VI - GENERAL PROVISIONS
Article 28
The Convention does not affect any law of a State of origin which
requires that the adoption of a child habitually resident within that
State take place in that State or which prohibits the child’s placement
in, or transfer to, the receiving State prior to adoption.
Article 29
There shall be no contact between the prospective adoptive parents
and the child’s parents or any other person who has care of the child
until the requirements of Article 4, sub-paragraphs (a) to (c), and
Article 5, sub-paragraph (a), have been met, unless the adoption takes
place within a family or unless the contact is in compliance with the
conditions established by the competent authority of the State of
origin.
Article 30
(1) The competent Authorities of a Contracting State shall ensure that
information held by them concerning the child’s origin, in particular
information concerning the identity of his or her parents, as well as
the medical history, is preserved.
(2) They shall ensure that the child or his or her representative has access
to such information, under appropriate guidance, in so far as is
permitted by the law of that State.
Article 31
Without prejudice to Article 30, personal data gathered or transmitted
under the Convention, especially data referred to in Articles 15 and
16, shall be used only for the purposes for which they were gathered
or transmitted.
Article 32
(1) No one shall derive improper financial or other gain from an activity
related to an intercountry adoption.
(2) Only costs and expenses, including reasonable professional fees of
person involved in the adoption, may be charged or paid.
(3) The directors, administrators and employees of bodies involved in an
adoption shall not receive remuneration which is unreasonably high
in relation to services rendered.
Article 33
A competent authority which finds that any provision of the
Convention has not been respected or that there is a serious risk that
it may not be respected, shall immediately inform the Central
Authority of its State. This Central Authority shall be responsible for
ensuring that appropriate measures are taken.
Article 34
If the competent authority of the State of destination of a document
so requests, a translation certified as being in conformity with the
original must be furnished. Unless otherwise provided, the costs of
such translation are to be borne by the prospective adoptive parents.
Article 35
The competent authorities of the Contracting States shall act
expeditiously in the process of adoption.
Article 36
In relation to a State which has two or more systems of law with
regard to adoption applicable in different territorial units—
(a) any reference to habitual residence in that State shall be
construed as referring to habitual residence in a territorial unit
of that State,
(b) any reference to the law of that State shall be construed as
referring to the law in force in the relevant territorial unit,
(c) any reference to the competent authorities or to the public
authorities of that State shall be construed as referring to those
authorised to act in the relevant territorial unit,
(d) any reference to the accredited bodies of that State shall be
construed as referring to bodies accredited in the relevant
territorial unit.
Article 37
In relation to a State which with regard to adoption has two or more
systems of law applicable to different categories of persons, any
reference to the law of that State shall be construed as referring to the
legal system specified by the law of that State.
Article 38
A State within which different territorial units have their own rules of
law in respect of adoption shall not be bound to apply the Convention
where a State with a unified system of law would not be bound to do
so.
Article 39
(1) The Convention does not affect any international instrument to which
Contracting States are Parties and which contains provisions on
matters governed by the Convention, unless a contrary declaration is
made by the States Parties to such instrument.
(2) Any Contracting State may enter into agreements with one or more
other Contracting States, with a view to improving the application of
the Convention in their mutual relations. These agreements may
derogate only from the provisions of Articles 14 to 16 and 18 to 21.
The States which have concluded such an agreement shall transmit a
copy to the depositary of the Convention.
Article 40
No reservation to the Convention shall be permitted.
Article 41
The Convention shall apply in every case where an application
pursuant to Article 14 has been received after the Convention has
entered into force in the receiving State and the State of origin.
Article 42
The Secretary General of the Hague Conference on Private
International Law shall at regular intervals convene a Special
Commission in order to review the practical operation of the
CHAPTER VII - FINAL CLAUSES
Article 43
(1) The Convention shall be open for signature by the States which were
Members of the Hague Conference on Private International Law at
the time of its Seventeenth Session and by the other States which
participated in that Session.
(2) It shall be ratified, accepted or approved and the instruments of
ratification, acceptance or approval shall be deposited with the
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Kingdom of the Netherlands,
depositary of the Convention.
Article 44
(1) Any other State may accede to the Convention after it has entered into
force in accordance with Article 46, paragraph (1).
(2) The instrument of accession shall be deposited with the depositary.
(3) Such accession shall have effect only as regards the relations between
the acceding State and those Contracting States which have not raised
an objection to its accession in the six months after the receipt of the
notification referred to in sub-paragraph (b) of Article 48. Such an
objection may also be raised by States at the time when they ratify,
accept or approve the Convention after an accession. Any such
objection shall be notified to the depositary.
Article 45
(1) If a State has two or more territorial units in which different systems
of law are applicable in relation to matters dealt with in the
Convention, it may at the time of signature, ratification, acceptance,
approval or accession declare that this Convention shall extend to all
its territorial units or only to one or more of them and may modify
this declaration by submitting another declaration at any time.
(2) Any such declaration shall be notified to the depositary and shall state
expressly the territorial units to which the Convention applies.
(3) If a State makes no declaration under this Article, the Convention is
to extend to all territorial units of that State.
Article 46
(1) The Convention shall enter into force on the first day of the month
following the expiration of three months after the deposit of the third
instrument of ratification, acceptance or approval referred to in
Article 43.
(2) Thereafter the Convention shall enter into force—
(a) for each State ratifying, accepting or approving it subsequently,
or acceding to it, on the first day of the month following the
expiration of three months after the deposit of its instrument of
ratification, acceptance, approval or accession,
(b) for a territorial unit to which the Convention has been extended
in conformity with Article 45, on the first day of the month
following the expiration of three months after the notification
referred to in that Article.
Article 47
(1) A State Party to the Convention may denounce it by a notification in
writing addressed to the depositary.
(2) The denunciation takes effect on the first day of the month following
the expirations of twelve months after the notification is received by
the depositary. Where a longer period for the denunciation to take
effect is specified in the notification, the denunciation takes effect
upon the expiration of such longer period after the notification is
received by the depositary.
Article 48
The depositary shall notify the States Members of the Hague
Conference on Private International Law, the other States which
participated in the Seventeenth Session and the States which have
acceded in accordance with Article 44, of the following—
(a) the signatures, ratifications, acceptances and approvals referred
to in Article 43,
(b) the accessions and objections raised to accessions referred to in
Article 44,
(c) the date on which the Convention enters into force in accordance
with Article 46,
(d) the declarations and designations referred to in Articles 22, 23,
25 and 45,
(e) the agreements referred to in Article 39,
(f) the denunciations referred to in Article 47.
In whereof the undersigned, being duly authorised thereto, have signed this
Done at The Hague, on the twenty-ninth day of May 1993, in the
English and French languages, both texts being equally authentic, in
a single copy which shall be deposited in the archives of the
Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, and of which a
certified copy shall be sent, through diplomatic channels, to each of
the States Members of the Hague Conference on Private International
Law at the date of its Seventeenth Session and to each of the other
States which participated in that Session.
(see s 2)
Note 1 The Legislation Act contains definitions and other provisions relevant to
this Act.
Note 2 For example, the Legislation Act, dict, pt 1, defines the following terms:
• ACAT
• administrative unit
• civil union
• contravene
• director-general (see s 163)
• document
• domestic partner (see s 169 (1))
• Executive
• file
• function
• instrument (see s 14)
• parent
• proceeding
• public trustee and guardian
• reviewable decision notice
• Supreme Court.
Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander child or young person means a
child or young person at least 1 of whose parents is a person who—
(a) is a descendant of an Aboriginal person or a Torres Strait
Islander person; and
(b) identifies as an Aboriginal person or a Torres Strait Islander
(c) is accepted as an Aboriginal person or a Torres Strait Islander
person by an Aboriginal community or Torres Strait Islander
community.
adoption compliance certificate means—
(a) in division 4A.2—a certification (however described) issued in
accordance with the Convention, article 23; or
(b) in division 4A.3—a document issued in accordance with the
Commonwealth Bilateral Arrangements Regulations.
adoption order means an order for the adoption of a person made
under this Act.
adoptive relative, for part 5 (Access to information)—see section 58.
associated person, for part 5 (Access to information)—see
Australia includes an external Territory.
birth parent, for part 5 (Access to information)—see section 58.
birth relative, for part 5 (Access to information)—see section 58.
central authority, for a Convention country, means an entity
designated for the Convention country under the Convention,
article 6.
charitable organisation means a body carried on for a charitable,
benevolent, philanthropic or religious purpose, other than a body
carried on for the financial benefit of its members.
child, if age rather than descendancy is relevant, means a person who
is under 12 years old.
Commonwealth Bilateral Arrangements Regulation means the
Family Law (Bilateral Arrangements—Intercountry Adoption)
Regulations 1998 (Cwlth).
Commonwealth central authority has the same meaning as in the
Family Law (Hague Convention on Intercountry Adoption)
Regulations 1998 (Cwlth).
competent authority means—
(a) for a prescribed overseas jurisdiction—an entity in that country
responsible for approving the adoption of children or young
people; and
(b) for the ACT—the director-general.
contact veto register means the register established under section 79.
Convention means the Convention on Protection of Children and
Cooperation in Respect of Intercountry Adoption signed at the
Hague on 29 May 1993, a copy of the English text of which is set
out in schedule 1.
Convention country—see the Family Law (Hague Convention on
Intercountry Adoption) Regulations 1998 (Cwlth), regulation 4.
Note For the purposes of reg 4 Australia is not a Convention country.
country includes part of a country.
court means the Supreme Court.
disposition of property includes the grant or exercise of a power of
appointment in respect of property.
general consent means a general consent under section 29 (2).
guardian, in relation to a child or young person, includes—
(a) a person having the custody of the child or young person under
an order of a court; and
(b) a person who is the guardian of the child or young person
(whether to the exclusion of, or in addition to, a parent or other
guardian) under a law of the Territory, the Commonwealth, a
State or another Territory; and
(c) someone with parental responsibility for the long-term care,
wellbeing and development of the child or young person,
whether by order of a court or otherwise.
identifying information, for part 5 (Access to information)—see
information, for part 5 (Access to information)—see section 58.
instrument of consent means an instrument of consent to an adoption
under section 30.
intercountry adoption means the adoption—
(a) by a person habitually resident in the ACT of a non-citizen child
or young person from a country outside Australia; or
(b) by a person habitually resident in a country outside Australia of
a child or young person habitually resident in the ACT.
interim order means an order under section 50.
limited consent means a limited consent under section 29 (3).
non-citizen child or young person has the same meaning as
non-citizen child in the Immigration (Guardianship of Children) Act
1946 (Cwlth).
prescribed overseas jurisdiction means a jurisdiction mentioned in
the Commonwealth Bilateral Arrangements Regulation, schedule 1.
principal officer, for a private adoption agency, means the person
stated as its principal officer in—
(a) its application for approval under section 81; or
(b) its latest notification to the director-general under section 83.
private adoption agency means a charitable organisation approved as
a private adoption agency under section 82.
register of births means the register under the Births, Deaths and
Marriages Registration Act 1997.
register of suitable people means the register kept under section 19.
relative, of a child or young person, means a grandparent, brother,
sister, uncle or aunt of the child or young person, whether or not the
relationship is—
(a) traced through birth or depends on adoption; or
(b) for a brother or sister—of the whole blood or half-blood.
relevant administrative unit means the administrative unit that is the
responsibility of the Minister for the time being administering this
Act.
relevant authority, for part 5 (Access to information)—see
responsible person, in relation to an Aboriginal or Torres Strait
Islander child or young person, means—
(a) a person who, in accordance with the traditions and customs of
the Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander community of which the
child or young person is a member, has responsibility for, or an
interest in, the wellbeing of the child or young person; or
(b) if the child or young person is not in the custody of any person
or is in the custody of a person who is not either a parent of the
child or young person or a member of an Aboriginal or Torres
Strait Islander community—a person who, in accordance with
the traditions and customs of the Aboriginal or Torres Strait
Islander community of which a parent of the child or young
person is or was a member, has responsibility for, or an interest
in, the wellbeing of the child or young person.
reunion information register means the register established under
section 80.
reviewable decision, for part 7A (Notification and review of
decisions)—see section 102.
service means the adoption information service maintained under
section 77.
State central authority, for the ACT, means the authority mentioned
in section 55.
step-parent, of a child or young person, means a person who—
(a) is not a parent of the child or young person; and
(b) whether married or not, has lived in a domestic partnership for
not less than 3 years with a parent of the child or young person.
young person means—
(a) a person who is 12 years old or older, but not yet an adult; and
(b) in relation to an application for an adoption order—a person who
is an adult but for whom the application for an adoption order
was filed in the court before the person became an adult.
Note Adult is defined in the Legislation Act, dict, pt 1.
About the endnotes 1
1 About the endnotes
Amending and modifying laws are annotated in the legislation history and the
amendment history. Current modifications are not included in the republished law
but are set out in the endnotes.
Not all editorial amendments made under the Legislation Act 2001, part 11.3 are
annotated in the amendment history. Full details of any amendments can be
obtained from the Parliamentary Counsel’s Office.
Uncommenced amending laws are not included in the republished law. The details
of these laws are underlined in the legislation history. Uncommenced expiries are
underlined in the legislation history and amendment history.
If all the provisions of the law have been renumbered, a table of renumbered
provisions gives details of previous and current numbering.
The endnotes also include a table of earlier republications.
2 Abbreviation key
A = Act NI = Notifiable instrument
AF = Approved form o = order
am = amended om = omitted/repealed
amdt = amendment ord = ordinance
AR = Assembly resolution orig = original
ch = chapter par = paragraph/subparagraph
CN = Commencement notice pres = present
def = definition prev = previous
DI = Disallowable instrument (prev...) = previously
dict = dictionary pt = part
disallowed = disallowed by the Legislative r = rule/subrule
Assembly reloc = relocated
div = division renum = renumbered
exp = expires/expired R[X] = Republication No
Gaz = gazette RI = reissue
hdg = heading s = section/subsection
IA = Interpretation Act 1967 sch = schedule
ins = inserted/added sdiv = subdivision
LA = Legislation Act 2001 SL = Subordinate law
LR = legislation register sub = substituted
LRA = Legislation (Republication) Act 1996 underlining = whole or part not commenced
mod = modified/modification or to be expired
Adoption Act 1993 A1993-20
notified 2 April 1993 (Gaz 1993 No S46)
s 1, s 2 commenced 2 April 1993 (s 2 (1))
remainder (ss 3-121) commenced 31 July 1993 (s 2 (2) and Gaz 1993
No 28)
as amended by
Acts Revision (Position of Crown) Act 1993 A1993-44 sch 2
notified 27 August 1993 (Gaz 1993 No S165)
sch 2 commenced 27 August 1993 (s 2)
Registrar-General (Consequential Provisions) Act 1993 A1993-64
sch 1
notified 6 September 1993 (Gaz 1993 No S172)
s 1, s 2 commenced 6 September 1993 (s 2 (1))
sch 1 commenced 1 October 1993 (s 2 (2) and see Gaz 1993 No
S207)
Public Sector Management (Consequential and Transitional
Provisions) Act 1994 A1994-38 sch 1 pt 4
notified 30 June 1994 (Gaz 1994 No S121)
s 1, s 2 commenced 30 June 1994 (s 2 (1))
sch 1 pt 4 commenced 1 July 1994 (s 2 (2) and see Gaz 1994
No S142)
Administrative Appeals (Consequential Amendments) Act 1994
A1994-60 sch 1
notified 11 October 1994 (Gaz 1994 No S197)
s 1, s 2 commenced 11 October 1994 (s 2 (1))
sch 1 commenced 14 November 1994 (s 2 (2) and see Gaz 1994
No S250)
Statute Law Revision (Penalties) Act 1994 A1994-81 sch
notified 29 November 1994 (Gaz 1994 No S253)
s 1, s 2 commenced 29 November 1994 (s 2 (1))
sch commenced 29 November 1994 (s 2 (2) and Gaz 1994 No S269)
Legislation history 3
Statutory Offices (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1994 A1994-97 sch
pt 1
notified 15 December 1994 (Gaz 1994 No S280)
s 1, s 2 commenced 15 December 1994 (s 2 (1))
sch pt 1 commenced 15 December 1994 (s 2 (2) and Gaz 1994
No S293)
Legal Practitioners (Consequential Amendments) Act 1997 A1997-96
sch 1
notified 1 December 1997 (Gaz 1997 No S380)
s 1, s 2 commenced 1 December 1997 (s 2 (1))
sch 1 commenced 1 June 1998 (s 2 (2))
Births, Deaths and Marriages Registration (Consequential
Provisions) Act 1997 A1997-113 sch
notified 24 December 1997 (Gaz 1997 No S420)
s 1, s 2 commenced 24 December 1997 (s 2 (1))
sch commenced 24 June 1998 (s 2 (2))
Statute Law Revision (Penalties) Act 1998 A1998-54 sch
notified 27 November 1998 (Gaz 1998 No S207)
s 1, s 2 commenced 27 November 1998 (s 2 (1))
sch commenced 9 December 1998 (s 2 (2) and Gaz 1998 No 49)
Children and Young People (Consequential Amendments) Act 1999
A1999-64 sch 2
notified 10 November 1999 (Gaz 1999 No 45)
s 1, s 2 commenced 10 November 1999 (s 2 (1))
sch 2 commenced 10 May 2000 (s 2 (2))
Legislation (Consequential Amendments) Act 2001 A2001-44 pt 7
notified 26 July 2001 (Gaz 2001 No 30)
s 1, s 2 commenced 26 July 2001 (IA s 10B)
pt 7 commenced 12 September 2001 (s 2 and see Gaz 2001 No S65)
Parentage Act 2004 A2004-1 sch 1 pt 1.2
notified LR 18 February 2004
s 1, s 2 commenced 18 February 2004 (LA s 75 (1))
sch 1 pt 1.2 commenced 22 March 2004 (s 2 and CN2004-3)
Criminal Code (Theft, Fraud, Bribery and Related Offences)
Amendment Act 2004 A2004-15 sch 2 pt 2.2
notified LR 26 March 2004
s 1, s 2 commenced 26 March 2004 (LA s 75 (1))
sch 2 pt 2.2 commenced 9 April 2004 (s 2 (1))
Public Advocate Act 2005 A2005-47 sch 1 pt 1.1 (as am by A2006-3
amdt 1.8)
notified LR 2 September 2005
s 1, s 2 commenced 2 September 2005 (LA s 75 (1))
sch 1 pt 1.1 commenced 1 March 2006 (s 2 (1) as am by A2006-3
amdt 1.8)
Human Rights Commission Legislation Amendment Act 2006
A2006-3 amdt 1.8
notified LR 22 February 2006
s 1, s 2 commenced 22 February 2006 (LA s 75 (1))
amdt 1.8 commenced 23 February 2006 (s 2)
Note This Act only amends the Public Advocate Act 2005 A2005-47
Civil Unions Act 2006 A2006-22 sch 1 pt 1.2
notified LR 19 May 2006
s 1, s 2 commenced 19 May 2006 (LA s 75 (1))
sch 1 pt 1.2 never commenced
Note Act repealed by disallowance 14 June 2006 (see Cwlth Gaz