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Aboriginal Land Act 1978
1Aboriginal Land Act 1978
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This Act has been modified by section 74AA of the Aboriginal Land Rights
(Northern Territory) Act 1976 (Cth).
See https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2016C00111
NORTHERN TERRITORY OF AUSTRALIA
ABORIGINAL LAND ACT 1978
As in force at 28 August 2013
Table of provisions
Part 1 Preliminary
1 Short title ......................................................................................... 1
2 Commencement .............................................................................. 1
3 Definitions ........................................................................................ 1
3A Status of roads ................................................................................ 2
Part II Entry onto Aboriginal land
4 Entry onto, &c., Aboriginal land or road ........................................... 2
5 Issue of permits ............................................................................... 3
5A Administrator may issue permits to use roads in certain
circumstances.................................................................................. 4
6 Minister may issue permits to certain government employees ........ 4
6A Permit to include immediate family .................................................. 5
7 Members of Parliament and others may enter Aboriginal land ........ 5
8 Entry of dwellings ............................................................................ 5
9 Defence in certain circumstances .................................................... 6
10 Estates or interests on Aboriginal land protected ............................ 6
11 Open areas ...................................................................................... 6
Part III Control of entry onto seas adjoining
Aboriginal land
12 Administrator may close seas .......................................................... 6
13 Administrator may re-open closed seas .......................................... 7
14 Entry onto, &c., closed seas ............................................................ 8
15 Issue of permits ............................................................................... 8
16 The Minister may issue permits to government employees on
certain conditions............................................................................. 9
17 Members of Parliament and others may enter closed seas ........... 10
18 Permit to be granted to protect existing rights ............................... 10
19 Defence in certain circumstances .................................................. 10
Aboriginal Land Act 1978 ii
20 Seas open to transit vessels .......................................................... 11
Part IV General
21 No prosecution except on authority of Land Council ..................... 11
22 Vehicles, &c., may be stopped and questions asked..................... 11
23 Offence to refuse to produce permit, &c. ....................................... 11
ENDNOTES
NORTHERN TERRITORY OF AUSTRALIA
____________________
As in force at 28 August 2013
____________________
ABORIGINAL LAND ACT 1978
An Act to provide for access to Aboriginal land, certain roads bordered
by Aboriginal land and the seas adjacent to Aboriginal land
Part 1 Preliminary
1 Short title
This Act may be cited as the Aboriginal Land Act 1978.
2 Commencement
This Act shall come into operation on a date to be fixed by the
Administrator by notice in the Gazette.
3 Definitions
In this Act:
Aboriginal means a person who is a member of the Aboriginal race
of Australia.
Aboriginal land has the same meaning as in the Aboriginal Land
Rights (Northern Territory) Act 1976 of the Commonwealth.
Aboriginal tradition has the same meaning as in the Aboriginal
Land Rights (Northern Territory) Act 1976 of the Commonwealth.
Aboriginal Land Commissioner means the Aboriginal Land
Commissioner established by the Aboriginal Land Rights (Northern
Territory) Act 1976 of the Commonwealth.
Act includes an Act of the Commonwealth.
closed seas means seas closed by notice published in the Gazette
under section 12.
Land Council means an Aboriginal Land Council established by or
under the Aboriginal Land Rights (Northern Territory) Act 1976 of
the Commonwealth.
Part II Entry onto Aboriginal land
Aboriginal Land Act 1978 2
Land Trust means an Aboriginal Land Trust established under the
Aboriginal Land Rights (Northern Territory) Act 1976 of the
Commonwealth.
road means that part of the land within the boundaries of Aboriginal
land described in Schedule 1 of the Aboriginal Land Rights
(Northern Territory) Act 1976 of the Commonwealth, the title to
which has been granted under section 12 of that Act to a Land
Trust, in respect of which:
(a) in pursuance of section 12AA(1) of that Act, agreement has
been reached between a Land Council and the Territory; or
(b) in pursuance of section 12AB(1) of that Act, a declaration has
been made by the Supreme Court,
that the part of the land is:
(c) land on which there was, at the time of commencement of
section 3 of the Aboriginal Land Rights (Northern Territory)
Act 1976 of the Commonwealth a road over which the public
had, at that time, a right of way; or
(d) land on which there was, at the time of the execution of the
deed of grant issued under section 12 of that Act, a road over
which the public had, at that time, a right of way.
traditional Aboriginal owners has the same meaning as in the
Aboriginal Land Rights (Northern Territory) Act 1976 of the
Commonwealth.
3A Status of roads
Nothing in this Act shall be construed as affecting the status of any
road (including a road not falling within the definition of road in
section 3).
Part II Entry onto Aboriginal land
4 Entry onto, &c., Aboriginal land or road
(1) Subject to this Part and to any provision to the contrary in a law of
the Territory, a person shall not enter onto or remain on Aboriginal
land or use a road unless he has been issued with a permit to do so
in accordance with this Part.
Maximum penalty: 8 penalty units.
Part II Entry onto Aboriginal land
Aboriginal Land Act 1978 3
(1A) Nothing in subsection (1) shall prevent a person who is entitled or
permitted under this Part to enter onto or remain on Aboriginal land
from using a road that is bordered by that Aboriginal land.
(2) An Aboriginal who is entitled by Aboriginal tradition to enter onto an
area of Aboriginal land may enter onto that area of Aboriginal land.
(3) An Aboriginal who is entitled by Aboriginal tradition to remain on an
area of Aboriginal land may remain on that area of Aboriginal land.
5 Issue of permits
(1) The Land Council for the area in which Aboriginal land or a road is
situated may issue a permit to a person to enter onto and remain on
that Aboriginal land or use that road subject to such conditions as
the Land Council thinks fit.
(2) The traditional Aboriginal owners of an area of Aboriginal land may
issue a permit to a person to enter onto and remain on that
Aboriginal land, or use a road that is bordered by that Aboriginal
land, subject to such conditions as the traditional Aboriginal owners
think fit.
(3) A permit to enter onto and remain on Aboriginal land or use a road
shall be in writing.
(4) A Land Council, or the traditional Aboriginal owners, may delegate
all or part of its or their authority to issue permits under this section
and such delegation may be made upon such conditions as the
Land Council, or the traditional Aboriginal owners, as the case may
be, think fit.
(5) A Land Council may revoke a permit issued by it, under its
authority, by the traditional Aboriginal owners or under the authority
of the traditional Aboriginal owners over Aboriginal land or a road
which is within the area for which it is established.
(6) The traditional Aboriginal owners of an area of Aboriginal land may
revoke a permit issued by them, under their authority, by a Land
Council or under the authority of a Land Council, where the permit
relates to the area of Aboriginal land of which those Aboriginals are
traditional Aboriginal owners, or a road that is bordered by that
Aboriginal land.
(7) A Land Council shall, before commencing to issue permits for an
area of Aboriginal land or a road, consult with and come to an
agreement with the traditional Aboriginal owners of the area, or the
area that borders the road, as to the terms and conditions upon
which the Land Council may issue permits or delegate its authority
to issue permits.
Part II Entry onto Aboriginal land
Aboriginal Land Act 1978 4
(8) Notwithstanding the provisions of section 4, the Aboriginal Land
Council for the area in which an area of Aboriginal land is situated
or the traditional Aboriginal owners of an area of Aboriginal land
may, by notice published in a newspaper or broadcast over a radio
station, waive the requirement for a permit to enter the Aboriginal
land or use a road bordered by that Aboriginal land specified by the
Land Council or the traditional Aboriginal owners in the notice for
the period or periods specified in that notice and the requirements
of section 4 shall not apply over that area, or in respect of that road,
for that period or those periods.
5A Administrator may issue permits to use roads in certain
circumstances
Where a person has applied to a Land Council or traditional
Aboriginal owners for a permit to use a road in respect of which,
under this Part, that Council or those owners have the authority to
issue a permit, and that Land Council or those traditional Aboriginal
owners, as the case may be, have refused to issue the permit
sought or have not, within a reasonable time, so issued the permit,
the person may apply to the Administrator who may issue the
permit to use the road subject to the conditions set out in the
permit.
6 Minister may issue permits to certain government employees
(1) Where a person who is employed under or by virtue of an Act or as
a member of the personal staff of a Minister, the Leader of the
Opposition or the Deputy Leader of the Opposition, has a need, in
the performance of his duties, to enter upon and remain on
Aboriginal land or to use a road, the Minister may issue a permit
which will, subject to any law in force in the Territory, authorize the
person to whom it is issued to enter and remain on Aboriginal land
or to use a road subject to the conditions set out in the permit.
(2) A permit issued under subsection (1):
(a) shall be in writing and shall contain the name, the signature
and an identification photograph of the person to whom the
permit is issued;
(b) shall specify the area of Aboriginal land or the road that the
person to whom the permit is issued is permitted to enter and
remain on or use;
(c) shall specify that the permit is issued to allow the person to
whom it is issued to enter and remain on Aboriginal land or
use the road in the course of his duty only; and
Part II Entry onto Aboriginal land
Aboriginal Land Act 1978 5
(d) may contain conditions and restrictions subject to which the
permit is issued.
(3) A permit issued under subsection (1) may be revoked by the
Minister upon the request of the relevant Land Council.
6A Permit to include immediate family
A permit issued under section 6 to a person who is required, in the
normal performance of his duties, to reside on Aboriginal land or
use a road shall, unless expressed to the contrary, be deemed to
be a permit issued in respect of the person and any of the following
persons if they are living with the person:
(a) any spouse or de facto partner of the person;
(b) any infants.
7 Members of Parliament and others may enter Aboriginal land
The following persons may enter and remain on Aboriginal land:
(a) the Administrator, or an Acting Administrator, acting in the
course of his or her duty;
(b) a member of the Legislative Assembly engaged on the
business of the Assembly;
(c) a member of either House of the Commonwealth Parliament
engaged on the business of the Parliament;
(d) a candidate for election as a Senator for the Northern Territory
or as a member of the House of Representatives for a
Northern Territory electorate;
(e) a candidate for election as a member of the Legislative
Assembly for the purposes of conducting his or her campaign.
8 Entry of dwellings
(1) Nothing contained in this Part authorizes the entry of a person to a
dwelling without the permission of the owner or the occupant.
(2) For the purposes of this section dwelling includes the living area of
a camp occupied by or belonging to an Aboriginal.
Part III Control of entry onto seas adjoining Aboriginal land
Aboriginal Land Act 1978 6
9 Defence in certain circumstances
It shall be a defence to a charge under section 4(1) if the person
charged proves that:
(a) the entry onto Aboriginal land or use of the road was due to
necessity, or beyond his control;
(b) it was impractical, in the circumstances, to apply for a permit;
and
(c) he removed himself from the Aboriginal land or the road as
soon as it was practicable in the circumstances.
10 Estates or interests on Aboriginal land protected
Where a person other than a Land Trust has an estate or interest in
an area of Aboriginal land, this Part shall not authorize an entry or
remaining on that area of Aboriginal land of a person if his presence
on that area of land would interfere with the use or enjoyment of
that estate or interest by the owner of the estate or interest.
11 Open areas
(1) The Administrator may, on the recommendation of a Land Council,
declare by notice in the Gazette, an area of Aboriginal land or a
road to be an open area or open road, as the case may be.
(2) Where a declaration is made under subsection (1), a person may
enter and remain on the area of Aboriginal land, or use the road,
described in the notice without obtaining a permit.
Part III Control of entry onto seas adjoining Aboriginal
land
12 Administrator may close seas
(1) The Administrator may, by notice in the Gazette, close the seas
adjoining and within 2 kilometres of Aboriginal land to any persons
or classes of person, or for any purpose other than to Aboriginals
who are entitled by Aboriginal tradition to enter and use those seas
and who enter and use those seas in accordance with Aboriginal
tradition.
(2) The notice in the Gazette referred to in subsection (1) shall specify:
(a) the area closed by the notice by description of the boundaries
and by a diagram showing the approximate position of the
boundaries;
Part III Control of entry onto seas adjoining Aboriginal land
Aboriginal Land Act 1978 7
(b) the persons or classes of persons to whom the area is closed;
and
(c) the purpose for which the area of the sea is closed.
(3) The Administrator may, before deciding to close a part of the seas
in accordance with this section, and in the event of the
Administrator not being prepared to close an area of seas within 56
days of the matter being referred to him, the Administrator shall
refer the matter of the closure to the Aboriginal Land Commissioner
and request that the Aboriginal Land Commissioner inquire into and
report on:
(a) whether, in accordance with Aboriginal tradition, strangers
were restricted in their right to enter those seas;
(b) whether the use of those seas by strangers is interfering with
or may interfere with the use of those seas in accordance with
Aboriginal tradition by the Aboriginals who have traditionally
used those seas;
(c) whether the use of those seas by strangers is interfering with
or may interfere with the use of the adjoining Aboriginal lands
by the traditional Aboriginal owners;
(d) whether any person would be disadvantaged if the seas were
closed to him;
(e) the commercial, environmental and recreational interests of
the public; and
(f) such other matters as the Aboriginal Land Commissioner
considers relevant to the closure of those seas.
(4) The Aboriginal Land Commissioner shall report to the
Administrator.
13 Administrator may re-open closed seas
(1) The Administrator may, by notice in the Gazette, revoke or vary a
notice made under section 12 so as to open the whole or part of an
area of closed seas.
(2) Before a notice under subsection (1) is published the Administrator
shall refer the matter of the revocation or variation of the previous
notice to the Aboriginal Land Commissioner.
Part III Control of entry onto seas adjoining Aboriginal land
Aboriginal Land Act 1978 8
(3) The Aboriginal Land Commissioner may, if he considers that the
circumstances require, inquire into and report on the change in
circumstances which would justify the revocation or variation of the
previous notice.
(4) The Aboriginal Land Commissioner shall, in deciding whether to
conduct an inquiry under subsection (3), have regard to the consent
or otherwise of the Land Council and the traditional Aboriginal
owners of the land adjoining the seas affected by the intended
notice.
14 Entry onto, &c., closed seas
(1) Subject to this Part and to any provision to the contrary in a law of
the Territory, a person shall not enter onto or remain on closed
seas unless he has been issued with a permit to do so in
accordance with this Part.
Maximum penalty: 8 penalty units.
(2) An Aboriginal who is entitled by Aboriginal tradition to enter and use
the seas adjoining an area of Aboriginal land may enter and use the
resources of the seas adjoining and within 2 kilometres of that area
of Aboriginal land notwithstanding that a notice published under
section 12 affects those seas.
15 Issue of permits
(1) The Land Council for the area in which closed seas are situated
may issue a permit to a person to enter onto and remain on those
seas subject to such conditions as the Land Council thinks fit.
(2) The traditional Aboriginal owners of an area of Aboriginal land
adjoining closed seas may issue a permit to a person to enter onto
and remain on that area of closed seas subject to such conditions
as the traditional Aboriginal owners think fit.
(3) A permit to enter onto and remain on closed seas shall be in
writing.
(4) A Land Council or the traditional Aboriginal owners may delegate all
or part of its or their authority to issue permits under this section
and such delegations may be made upon such conditions as the
Land Council or the traditional Aboriginal owners, as the case may
be, think fit.
(5) A Land Council may revoke a permit issued by it, under its
authority, by the traditional Aboriginal owners or under the authority
of the traditional Aboriginal owners over seas closed by notice
under section 12 which is within the area for which it is established.
Part III Control of entry onto seas adjoining Aboriginal land
Aboriginal Land Act 1978 9
(6) The traditional Aboriginal owners of an area of Aboriginal land may
revoke a permit issued by them under this section, under their
authority, by a Land Council or under the authority of a Land
Council, where the permit relates to an area of closed seas which is
adjacent to Aboriginal land of which those Aboriginals are the
traditional Aboriginal owners.
(7) A Land Council shall, before commencing to issue permits for an
area of Aboriginal land, consult with and come to an agreement
with the traditional Aboriginal owners of the area as to the terms
and conditions upon which the Land Council may issue permits or
delegate its authority to issue permits.
(8) Notwithstanding the provisions of section 14, the Aboriginal Land
Council for the area in which an area of seas closed under
section 12 is situated or the traditional Aboriginal owners of an area
of adjacent Aboriginal land may, by notice published in a
newspaper or broadcast over a radio station, waive the requirement
for a permit to enter the closed seas specified by the Land Council
or the traditional Aboriginal owners in the notice for the period or
periods specified in that notice and the requirements of section 14
shall not apply over that area for that period or those periods.
16 The Minister may issue permits to government employees on
certain conditions
(1) Where a person who is employed under or by virtue of an Act or as
a member of the personal staff of a Minister, the Leader of the
Opposition or the Deputy Leader of the Opposition, has a need in
the performance of his duties to enter upon and remain on closed
seas, the Minister may issue a permit which will, subject to any law
in force in the Territory, authorize the person to whom it is issued to
enter and remain on closed seas subject to the conditions set out in
the permit.
(2) A permit issued under subsection (1):
(a) shall be in writing and shall contain the name, the signature
and an identification photograph of the person to whom the
permit is issued;
(b) shall specify the area of closed seas that the person to whom
the permit is issued is permitted to enter and remain on;
(c) shall specify that the permit is issued to allow the person to
whom it is issued to enter and remain on closed seas in the
course of his duty only; and
(d) may contain conditions and restrictions subject to which the
permit is issued.
Part III Control of entry onto seas adjoining Aboriginal land
Aboriginal Land Act 1978 10
(3) A permit issued under subsection (1) may be revoked by the
Minister upon the request of the relevant Land Council.
17 Members of Parliament and others may enter closed seas
The following persons may enter and remain on closed seas:
(a) the Administrator, or an Acting Administrator, acting in the
course of his or her duty;
(b) a member of the Legislative Assembly engaged on the
business of the Assembly;
(c) a member of either House of the Commonwealth Parliament
engaged on the business of the Parliament;
(d) a candidate for election as a Senator for the Northern Territory
or as a member of the House of Representatives for a
Northern Territory electorate;
(e) a candidate for election as a member of the Legislative
Assembly for the purposes of conducting his or her campaign.
18 Permit to be granted to protect existing rights
(1) Subject to the Fisheries Act 1988, the holder of a licence issued
under the Fish and Fisheries Act 1979 (and kept in force under
section 71 of the Fisheries Act 1988), or the holder of a licence
granted under the Fisheries Act 1988, who held the licence before
the publication of a notice under section 12, may, together with any
persons who assist or work for the holder, enter and fish the area of
closed seas referred to in that notice.
(2) Before entering and fishing any closed seas under subsection (1) a
person shall notify the Land Council for the area in which the closed
seas are situated.
19 Defence in certain circumstances
It shall be a defence to a charge under section 14(1) if the person
charged proves that:
(a) the entry onto closed seas was due to necessity, or beyond
his control;
(b) it was impractical, in the circumstances, to apply for a permit;
and
(c) he removed himself from the closed seas as soon as it was
practicable in the circumstances.
Part IV General
Aboriginal Land Act 1978 11
20 Seas open to transit vessels
Nothing in this Part shall prevent the bona fide transit of a vessel
through seas which are otherwise open to that vessel.
Part IV General
21 No prosecution except on authority of Land Council
(1) No complaint for an offence against section 4 or section 14 shall be
heard unless the hearing of the complaint is supported by a notice
in writing given by the Land Council established for the area in
which the alleged offence took place.
(2) A Land Council may authorize a person to sign a notice under
subsection (1) and a statement by the person signing a notice
under subsection (1) that he is so authorized shall be prima facie
evidence of his authorization.
22 Vehicles, &c., may be stopped and questions asked
(1) A member of the Police Force may require a person who is on or is
about to enter Aboriginal land or open road or closed seas (other
than an open area or enter or use a road declared under
section 11) to:
(a) produce to him a permit issued to the person under this Act; or
(b) state his name and address,
and for that purpose may stop a person or any motor vehicle, as
defined in the Motor Vehicles Act 1949, power cycle, push-bike,
vessel or animal in or on which a person is riding.
(2) A person who is called upon to do so by a member of the Police
Force shall stop and cause any motor vehicle, power cycle,
push-bike, vessel or animal in his control to stop.
Maximum penalty: 8 penalty units.
23 Offence to refuse to produce permit, &c.
A person required under section 22(1) to produce a permit or state
his name and address who:
(a) refuses or fails to produce a permit issued to him under this
Act that is in his possession; or
Part IV General
Aboriginal Land Act 1978 12
(b) refuses or fails to state his name and address, or states a
false name or address,
is guilty of an offence.
Maximum penalty: 8 penalty units.
ENDNOTES
Aboriginal Land Act 1978 13
ENDNOTES
1 KEY
Key to abbreviations
amd = amended od = order
app = appendix om = omitted
bl = by-law pt = Part
ch = Chapter r = regulation/rule
cl = clause rem = remainder
div = Division renum = renumbered
exp = expires/expired rep = repealed
f = forms s = section
Gaz = Gazette sch = Schedule
hdg = heading sdiv = Subdivision
ins = inserted SL = Subordinate Legislation
lt = long title sub = substituted
nc = not commenced
2 LIST OF LEGISLATION
Aboriginal Land Ordinance 1978 (Act No. 106, 1978)
Assent date 9 November 1978
Commenced 1 February 1979 (Gaz G4, 26 January 1979, p 18)
Statute Law Revision Act 1979 (Act No. 98, 1979)
Assent date 10 August 1979
Commenced 26 October 1979 (Gaz G43, 26 October 1979, p 1)
Aboriginal Land Act 1979 (Act No. 138, 1979)
Assent date 16 November 1979
Commenced 16 November 1979
Aboriginal Land Act (No. 2) 1979 (Act No. 141, 1979)
Assent date 12 December 1979
Commenced 25 January 1980 (s 3, s 2 Fish and Fisheries Act 1979 (Act
No. 4, 1980) and Gaz G4, 25 January 1980, p 4)
Aboriginal Land Act 1980 (Act No. 54, 1980)
Assent date 10 June 1980
Commenced 6 March 1981 (Gaz G9, 6 March 1981, p 1)
Statute Law Revision Act 1980 (Act No. 6, 1981)
Assent date 9 January 1981
Commenced 9 January 1981
Statute Law Revision Act 1984 (Act No. 28, 1984)
Assent date 20 July 1984
Commenced 20 July 1984
Aboriginal Land Amendment Act 1988 (Act No. 22, 1988)
Assent date 1 September 1988
Commenced 1 September 1988
ENDNOTES
Aboriginal Land Act 1978 14
Statute Law Revision Act 1988 (Act No. 66, 1988)
Assent date 22 December 1988
Commenced s 7: 14 December 1988; rem: 22 December 1988 (s 7(2) and
s 2 Fisheries Act 1988 (Act No. 58, 1988))
Statute Law Revision Act 1990 (Act No. 33, 1990)
Assent date 11 June 1990
Commenced 11 June 1990
De Facto Relationships (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 1991 (Act No. 82, 1991)
Assent date 24 December 1991
Commenced 1 January 1992 (s 2)
Law Reform (Gender, Sexuality and De Facto Relationships) Act 2003 (Act No. 1, 2004)
Assent date 7 January 2004
Commenced 17 March 2004 (Gaz G11, 17 March 2004, p 8)
Statute Law Revision Act 2010 (Act No. 29, 2010)
Assent date 9 September 2010
Commenced 13 October 2010 (Gaz G41, 13 October 2010, p 2)
Penalties Amendment (Miscellaneous) Act 2013 (Act No. 23, 2013)
Assent date 12 July 2013
Commenced 28 August 2013 (Gaz G35, 28 August 2013, p 2)
3 GENERAL AMENDMENTS
General amendments of a formal nature (which are not referred to in the table
of amendments to this reprint) are made by the Interpretation Legislation
Amendment Act 2018 (Act No. 22, 2018) to: ss 1, 18 and 22.
4 LIST OF AMENDMENTS
lt amd No. 54, 1980, s 4; No. 6, 1981, s 4
ss 1 – 2 amd No. 6, 1981, s 4
s 3 amd No. 98, 1979, s 3; No. 54, 1980, s 5; No. 6, 1981, s 4; No. 29, 2010, s 3
s 3A ins No. 54, 1980, s 6
s 4 amd No. 54, 1980, s 7; No. 6, 1981, s 4; No. 22, 1988, s 3; No. 23, 2013, s 12
s 5 amd No. 54, 1980, s 8
s 5A ins No. 54, 1980, s 9
s 6 amd No. 98, 1979, s 3; No. 138, 1979, s 3; No. 54, 1980, s 10
s 6A ins No. 138, 1979, s 4
amd No. 54, 1980, s 11; No. 82, 1991, s 3; No. 1, 2004, s 62
s 7 amd No. 138, 1979, s 5
sub No. 29, 2010, s 3
s 9 amd No. 54, 1980, s 12
s 11 amd No. 54, 1980, s 13
s 12 amd No. 28, 1984, s 3
s 14 amd No. 6, 1981, s 4; No. 22, 1988, s 4; No. 23, 2013, s 12
s 16 amd No. 98, 1979, s 3; No. 138, 1979, s 6
s 17 amd No. 138, 1979, s 7
sub No. 29, 2010, s 3
s 18 amd No. 141, 1979, s 4; No. 66, 1988, s 7; No. 33, 1990, s 9
pt IV hdg sub No. 138, 1979, s 8
ENDNOTES
Aboriginal Land Act 1978 15
s 22 ins No. 138, 1979, s 9
amd No. 54, 1980, s 14; No. 23, 2013, s 12
s 23 ins No. 138, 1979, s 9
amd No. 23, 2013, s 12