The Parties' Conduct
27Both parties pressed upon the Court the relevance of the conduct of the parties at the time of termination to the exercise of the Legal Profession Act , s 728 discretion. Not all of this conduct was dealt with in the principal judgment. For the reasons that appear below, although this conduct in my view can be taken into account in exercise of the discretion, it is not of decisive importance in this case.
28First there was contention about which of the Solicitors Rules applied. The Solicitors Rules reflect the authorities dealing with possessory liens; are applied subject to Legal Profession Act , s 728; and provide a framework for the steps that solicitors must observe where a former client seeks access to documents: B Bechara t/as Bechara & Co v Atie & Anor [2005] NSWCA 268 at [61]. The Solicitors Rules were originally made under Legal Profession Act 1987, s 57B. They remain in force and bind legal practitioners under Legal Profession Act 2004, Schedule 9, Clause 24. Rules 8 and 29 were the focus of submissions.
"8. Ownership of clients' documents - Termination of retainer
8.1 The following Rules apply subject to any contrary order which may be made in respect of clients' documents by the Supreme Court of New South Wales under section 728 of the Legal Profession Act 2004.
8.2.1 A practitioner must retain, securely and confidentially, documents to which a client is entitled, for the duration of the practitioner's retainer and at least seven (7) years thereafter, or until such time as the practitioner gives them to the client or another person authorised by the client to receive them, or the client instructs the practitioner to deal with them in some other manner.
8.2.2 A practitioner is not entitled to recover from the client any costs for storage of documents as required by this Rule and is not entitled to charge any costs for retrieval from storage as requested by or on behalf of the client unless such costs have been disclosed to the client pursuant to the disclosure requirements set out in Part 3.2 of the Legal Profession Act 2004 or with the informed consent of the client.
8.2.3 "Costs" in this Rule includes fees, charges, disbursements, expenses and remuneration.
8.3 Upon completion or termination of a practitioner's retainer, a practitioner must, when requested so to do by the practitioner's client, give to the client, or another person authorised by the client, any documents related to the retainer to which the client is entitled,
unless -
8.3.1 the practitioner has completed the retainer; or
8.3.2 the client has terminated the practitioner's retainer; or
8.3.3 the practitioner has terminated the retainer for just cause and on reasonable notice; and the practitioner claims a lien over the documents for costs due to the practitioner by the client.
8.4 Despite Rule 8.3, a practitioner who claims to exercise a lien for unpaid costs over a client's documents, which are essential to the client's defence or prosecution of current
proceedings, must:
8.4.1 deal with the documents as provided in Rule 29, if another lawyer is acting for
the client; or
8.4.2 upon the practitioner's costs being satisfactorily secured, deliver the
documents to the client.
8.5 For the purposes of the above Rules -
The documents to which a client of a practitioner should be entitled will include:
8.5.1 documents prepared by a practitioner for the client, or predominantly for the purposes of the client, and for which the client has been, or will be, charged costs by the practitioner; and
8.5.2 documents received by a practitioner from a third party in the course of the practitioner's retainer for or on behalf of the client or for the purposes of a client's business and intended for the use or information of the client.
...
29. Taking over a matter from another practitioner
29.1 Where a practitioner's retainer is terminated before the completion of the client's business to which it relates, and the client instructs another practitioner to take over the conduct of the client's business, the following rules shall apply, subject to any orders which may be made by the Supreme Court in respect of the delivery of documents pursuant to Section 728 of the Legal Profession Act 2004.
29.2 The first practitioner must promptly, on receipt of a direction in writing from the client, deliver to the second practitioner all relevant documents to which the client is entitled and any information which is necessary for the proper conduct of the client's business, unless the first practitioner claims a lien over the documents for unpaid costs.
29.3 If the client has terminated the first practitioner's retainer, the first practitioner may retain possession of the documents until the practitioner's costs are paid, or their payment to the practitioner is satisfactorily secured.
29.4 If the first practitioner has terminated the retainer and the client's documents are essential to the defence or prosecution of proceedings which are continuing before a Court, the practitioner must surrender possession of the documents to the client, upon the terms prescribed in Rule 8.4.2 or to the second practitioner, if so directed by the client, and, provided that the second practitioner -
29.4.1 holds the documents subject to the first practitioner's lien, if that is practicable, and ensures the first practitioner's costs are satisfactorily secured; or
29.4.2 enters into an agreement with the client and the first practitioner to procure payment of the first practitioner's costs upon completion of the relevant proceedings.
29.5 A practitioner who receives a client's documents from another practitioner pursuant to an agreement between the client and both practitioners, providing that the practitioner receiving the documents will pay the first practitioner's costs from money recovered on the client's behalf in respect of the business or proceedings to which the documents relate, must do all things which are reasonably practicable on the practitioner's part to ensure compliance with the agreement."
29Although my principal judgment resolved the question of who terminated the retainer, the solicitor still argued that he did not have to deal with the file under Rule 29 as Rule 8.4 provides, because Rule 8.3 applies. The contention was that Rule 8.3.3 was satisfied as the solicitor had terminated the retainer "for just cause and on reasonable notice". Therefore the solicitor was not obliged to hand the documents over at the direction of the client in accordance with Rule 29.
30This argument fails because the retainer was not terminated "on reasonable notice". The findings in my principal judgment establish that the solicitor gave immediate notice of termination of the retainer to the client at 12.40pm on 4 July; did not give the 14 day notice provided for by the costs agreement; and, reversed that position within 3.5 hours but not before the client had acted on it: Gigi Entertainment Pty Limited v Basil John Macree (2011) NSWSC 856 at [4], [7] - [14], [28] - [29]. This was not termination "on reasonable notice". The termination was close to hearing, it did not comply with the contract and the solicitor's second thoughts in reversing it after speaking to the Law Society are an admission by conduct that it should not have happened. Rule 8.3.3 is not satisfied. Rules 8.4 and 29 apply.
31The solicitor also put that he terminated the retainer for "just cause". I did not have to decide that question but it must be said the client's conduct in dealing with the barrister as he did, makes the solicitor's reaction understandable, especially where the solicitor professed at least to have attempted to reduce the client's fees in what was an essentially difficult and costly building case.
32Some of the parties' conduct during the retainer is also relevant. The client has paid the solicitor $146,218 in costs for the principal proceedings. Although the cost agreement between solicitor and client provides for the recovery of legal costs thirty days after the issuing of a bill of costs that complies with the Legal Profession Act , it is evident from the billing pattern itself, if nothing else, that the solicitor was willing to "carry" the client through a considerable period. The client complains that the solicitor reversed this position in June of this year, which no doubt led to the recent tensions between solicitor and client. But in my view the solicitor was merely at that time reinforcing the actual terms of the cost agreement in making it clear that he could not carry the client all the way through contested litigation. In many ways the solicitor's decision to defer issuing the third invoice for eighteen months has given the client not inconsiderable assistance in the conduct of the proceedings. Moreover the cost agreement did not provide for payment only at the end of the proceedings or only upon success. I do not think it was reasonable for the client to expect the solicitor to have carried him indefinitely.
33The question therefore now becomes the application of Rule 29.4. There was no issue between the parties that the client's documents are essential to its prosecution of its claim in the principal proceedings and to its defence of its cross-claim in those proceedings. The point at issue was whether a tripartite agreement should be entered into under Rule 29.4.2 between the solicitor, the client and the new solicitor or whether the new solicitor should hold the documents subject to the solicitor's lien and ensure that the solicitor's costs "are satisfactorily secured". Rule 8.4.2 achieves a similar result. Although the Court of Appeal has pointed to an "unhappy discontinuity" between Rule 8.4, Rule 29.3 and Rule 29.4: Bechara t/as Bechara & Co v Atie & Anor [2005] NSWCA 268 at [62].
34The new solicitor offered by letter dated 10 August 2011 to enter into the standard tripartite deed provided for under the Solicitors Rules. Under the tripartite deed the client irrevocably authorises the new solicitor to allow any settlement, award or verdict to be paid to the solicitor upon the conclusion of proceedings; the solicitor agrees to transfer the file to the new solicitor; and the new solicitor promises to preserve the lien and pay the solicitor out of any available funds. But Ms Bateman contends that this represents insufficient security in this case.