{"id":"victorian-renewable-energy-act-2006","name":"Victorian Renewable Energy Act 2006","slug":"victorian-renewable-energy-act-2006","collection":"act","jurisdiction":"vic","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":176393,"registerId":"vic-victorian-renewable-energy-act-2006-current","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-05","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"Part 1","sectionType":"part","heading":"Preliminary","content":"Part 1—Preliminary\n\n","sortOrder":0},{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"Purpose","content":"\t1 Purpose\n\nThe main purpose of this Act is to promote the development of renewable energy generation through the establishment of a scheme that—\n\n(a) provides for the creation and acquisition of renewable energy certificates; and\n\n(b) requires the surrender of renewable energy certificates.\n\n","sortOrder":1},{"sectionNumber":"2","sectionType":"section","heading":"Commencement","content":"\t2 Commencement\n\nS. 2(1) amended by No. 28/2007 s. 3(Sch. item 73).\n\n(1) This Act comes into operation on a day or days to be proclaimed.\n\n(2) If a provision of this Act does not come into operation before 1 January 2007, it comes into operation on that day.\n\n","sortOrder":2},{"sectionNumber":"3","sectionType":"section","heading":"Definitions","content":"\t3 Definitions\n\n(1) In this Act—\n\n***accredited power station*** means a relevant power station accredited under Division 3 of Part 2;\n\nS. 3(1) def. of *AEMO* inserted by No. 23/2009 s. 36(1).\n\n***AEMO*** means Australian Energy Market Operator Limited (ACN 072 010 327);\n\n***approved interstate renewable energy regime*** means a law of another State or a Territory approved under section 5;\n\n***arrangement*** means—\n\n(a) any agreement, arrangement, understanding, promise or undertaking, whether express or implied and whether or not enforceable, or intended to be enforceable, by legal proceedings; and\n\n(b) any scheme, plan, proposal, action, course of action or course of conduct;\n\n***business day*** means a day other than a Saturday or Sunday or a public holiday appointed under the **Public Holidays Act 1993**;\n\n***carried forward surplus*** has the meaning given by section 64;\n\n***certificate*** means a renewable energy certificate created under Division 4 of Part 2;\n\n***certificate surrender notice*** means a notice issued under section 72;\n\n***Commonwealth certificate*** means a certificate within the meaning of section 5(1) of the Commonwealth scheme;\n\n***Commonwealth nominated person*** means a nominated person within the meaning of section 5(1) of the Commonwealth scheme;\n\n***Commonwealth Regulator*** means the Regulator within the meaning of section 5(1) of the Commonwealth scheme;\n\n***Commonwealth scheme*** means the Renewable Energy (Electricity) Act 2000 of the Commonwealth;\n\n***Commonwealth scheme participant*** means—\n\n(a) a person registered under the Commonwealth scheme; or\n\n(b) a Commonwealth nominated person;\n\n***Commonwealth scheme power station*** means—\n\n(a) an accredited power station within the meaning of section 5(1) of the Commonwealth scheme; or\n\n(b) a power station provisionally accredited under Division 2A of Part 2 of the Commonwealth scheme;\n\n***electronic signature*** of a person means the person's unique identification in an electronic form that is approved by the ESC under subsection (3);\n\n***eligible renewable energy source*** has the meaning given by section 22;\n\n***energy acquisition statement*** has the meaning given by section 67;\n\n***ESC*** means the Essential Services Commission established under section 7 of the **Essential Services Commission Act 2001**;\n\n***ESC rules*** means rules made by the ESC under section 113;\n\nS. 3(1) def. of *Essential Services Commission Enforcement Fund* inserted by No. 41/2021 s. 78.\n\n***Essential Services Commission Enforcement Fund***  means the fund established by section 54ZP of the **Essential Services Commission Act 2001**;\n\n***excluded acquisition*** has the meaning given by section 56;\n\n***GWh*** means gigawatt hour;\n\n***monitoring warrant*** means a warrant issued under section 104;\n\n***MW*** means megawatt;\n\n***MWh*** means megawatt hour;\n\nS. 3(1) def. of *NEMMCO* repealed by No. 23/2009 s. 36(2).\n\n***nominated person***, in relation to an accredited power station,  means—\n\n(a) if no approvals have been given under section 48 in relation to the accredited power station—the person who made the application for accreditation; or\n\n(b) if one or more approvals have been given under that section in relation to the accredited power station—the last person so approved;\n\n***notional scheme acquisitio*n** has the meaning given by section 55;\n\n***occupier*** in relation to premises, includes a person present at the premises who is in apparent control of the premises;\n\n***pre-scheme capacity***, in relation to an accredited power station, means that part of the capacity of the power station to generate electricity, measured in MW, that is specified by the ESC under section 17 to be pre-scheme capacity;\n\n***premises*** includes the following—\n\n(a) a structure, building or vehicle;\n\n(b) a place (whether enclosed or built on or not);\n\n(c) a part of a thing referred to in paragraph (a) or (b);\n\n***produce*** includes permit access to;\n\n***protected information*** has the same meaning as in section 5(1) of the Commonwealth scheme;\n\n***registered person*** means a person registered under Division 1 of Part 2;\n\n***register of accredited power stations*** has the meaning given by section 81;\n\n***register of applications for accredited power stations*** has the meaning given by section 83;\n\n***register of registered persons*** has the meaning given by section 80;\n\n***register of renewable energy certificates*** has the meaning given by section 82;\n\n***registration number*** has the meaning given by section 11;\n\n***related body corporate*** has the same meaning as in section 50 of the Corporations Act;\n\n***relevant entity*** has the meaning given by section 60;\n\n***relevant power station*** means a power station—\n\n(a) situated in Victoria; or\n\n(b) situated in another State or a Territory in which an approved interstate renewable energy regime applies;\n\n***renewable energy certificate shortfall*** has the meaning given by section 64;\n\n***renewable energy shortfall penalty*** has the meaning given by section 62;\n\n***renewable power percentage*** means the percentage fixed under section 65;\n\n***required GWh of electricity from eligible renewable energy sources*** has the meaning given by section 66;\n\n***required renewable energy*** has the meaning given by section 64;\n\n***scheme acquisition*** means—\n\n(a) a standard scheme acquisition; or\n\n(b) a notional scheme acquisition—\n\nbut does not include an excluded acquisition;\n\n***scheme capacity***, in relation to an accredited power station, means that part of the capacity of the power station to generate electricity, measured in MW, that is specified by the ESC under section 17 to be scheme capacity;\n\n***small generation unit*** means a device that—\n\n(a) generates electricity using an eligible renewable energy source; and\n\n(b) is situated—\n\n(i) in Victoria; or\n\n(ii) in another State or a Territory in which an approved interstate renewable energy regime applies; and\n\n(c) is specified by the ESC rules to be a small generation unit;\n\n***stakeholder***, in relation to an accredited power station, means—\n\n(a) a person who operates the accredited power station (whether alone or together with one or more other persons); or\n\n(b) a person who owns all, or a part, of the accredited power station (whether alone or together with one or more other persons);\n\n***standard scheme acquisition*** has the meaning given by section 54;\n\n***warrant premises***, in relation to a monitoring warrant, means the premises to which the warrant relates;\n\n***year*** means calendar year.\n\n(2) For the purposes of this Act, electricity is taken to be a good that can be acquired.\n\n(3) The ESC may, in writing, approve an electronic form for the purposes of the definition of ***electronic signature*** in subsection (1).\n\n","sortOrder":3},{"sectionNumber":"4","sectionType":"section","heading":"Objects","content":"\t4 Objects\n\nThe objects of this Act are—\n\n(a) to encourage additional generation of electricity from renewable energy sources; and\n\n(b) to encourage investment in the generation of renewable energy and the development of renewable energy technologies; and\n\n(c) to encourage regional investment and employment; and\n\n(d) to contribute to the diversity of Victoria's energy supplies; and\n\n(e) to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases.\n\n","sortOrder":4},{"sectionNumber":"5","sectionType":"section","heading":"Approved interstate renewable energy regime","content":"\t5 Approved interstate renewable energy regime\n\n(1) The Minister, by notice published in the Government Gazette, may approve a law of another State or a Territory to be an approved interstate renewable energy regime.\n\n(2) The Minister must not approve a law of another State or a Territory to be an approved interstate renewable energy regime unless he or she is satisfied that—\n\n(a) the approval of that law would complement, and not detract from, the achievement of the purpose and objects of this Act; and\n\n(b) the approval of that law would not impose unreasonable costs on purchasers of electricity in Victoria; and\n\n(c) the law promotes the reduction of emissions of greenhouse gases; and\n\n(d) the arrangements for the monitoring, and enforcement, of compliance with that law are no less stringent than those under this Act.\n\n","sortOrder":5},{"sectionNumber":"6","sectionType":"section","heading":"Crown to be bound","content":"\t6 Crown to be bound\n\nThis Act binds the Crown in right of Victoria and, so far as the legislative power of the Parliament permits, the Crown in all its other capacities.\n\n","sortOrder":6},{"sectionNumber":"7","sectionType":"section","heading":"Extra-territorial operation","content":"\t7 Extra-territorial operation\n\nIt is the intention of the Parliament that the operation of this Act should, so far as possible, include operation in relation to the following—\n\n(a) land situated outside Victoria, whether in or outside Australia;\n\n(b) things situated outside Victoria, whether in or outside Australia;\n\n(c) acts, transactions and matters done, entered into or occurring outside Victoria, whether in or outside Australia;\n\n(d) things, acts, transactions and matters, (wherever situated, done, entered into or occurring) that would, apart from this Act, be governed or otherwise affected by the law of the Commonwealth, another State, a Territory or a foreign country.\n\nPart 2—Renewable energy certificates\n\nDivision 1—Registration of persons\n\n\t8 Who may apply to be registered?\n\n(1) Any person may apply to the ESC to be registered under this Act.\n\n(2) An application must—\n\n(d) be accompanied by, if required by the ESC—\n\n(i) evidence of the kind referred to in section 9(1); and\n\n(ii) a relevant undertaking referred to in section 9(2) or 9(3); and\n\n(e) be accompanied by the relevant fee (if any) fixed under section 112.\n\n","sortOrder":7},{"sectionNumber":"9","sectionType":"section","heading":"ESC may require further information and undertakings from applicants","content":"\t9 ESC may require further information and undertakings from applicants\n\n(1) The ESC may require from an applicant under section 8 who is a Commonwealth scheme participant, evidence, in writing, that the applicant has agreed with the Commonwealth Regulator for the Commonwealth Regulator to divulge or communicate to the ESC—\n\n(a) protected information concerning the applicant; or\n\n(b) any other information held by the Commonwealth Regulator.\n\n(2) The ESC may require from an applicant under section 8 who is a Commonwealth scheme participant an undertaking, in such terms as the ESC may require, to the effect of clause 1 of the Schedule.\n\n(3) The ESC may require from an applicant under section 8 who is not a Commonwealth scheme participant an undertaking, in such terms as the ESC may require, to the effect of clause 2 of the Schedule.\n\n","sortOrder":8},{"sectionNumber":"10","sectionType":"section","heading":"ESC to approve or refuse application","content":"\t10 ESC to approve or refuse application\n\n(1) If the ESC receives an application that is properly made under section 8, the ESC must approve the application.\n\n(2) To avoid doubt—\n\n(a) if the person is already registered, the ESC must refuse the application;\n\n(b) if a person's registration has been suspended under Division 8, the person cannot be registered during the period of the suspension.\n\n","sortOrder":9},{"sectionNumber":"11","sectionType":"section","heading":"ESC to allocate registration numbers","content":"\t11 ESC to allocate registration numbers\n\nIf the ESC approves an application, the ESC must allocate the applicant a unique registration number and advise the applicant of the number.\n\n","sortOrder":10},{"sectionNumber":"Div 2","sectionType":"division","heading":"Provisional accreditation of power stations","content":"Division 2—Provisional accreditation of power stations\n\n","sortOrder":11},{"sectionNumber":"12","sectionType":"section","heading":"Application for provisional accreditation of a relevant power station","content":"\t12 Application for provisional accreditation of a relevant power station\n\n(1) A registered person may apply to the ESC for provisional accreditation of the proposed components of an electricity generation system that the person considers would, if assembled, be a single relevant power station.\n\n(2) An application must—\n\n(b) specify the proposed components; and\n\n(c) list the eligible renewable energy sources from which electricity is intended to be generated; and\n\n(d) contain any other information required by the ESC; and\n\n(e) be accompanied by any documents required by the ESC; and\n\n(f) be accompanied by the relevant fee (if any) fixed under section 112.\n\n(3) The ESC may also require from an applicant under this section—\n\n(a) who is a Commonwealth scheme participant; and\n\n(b) whose application is in respect of components of an electricity generation system that are a Commonwealth scheme power station—\n\nevidence, in writing, that the applicant has agreed with the Commonwealth Regulator for the Commonwealth Regulator to divulge or communicate to the ESC—\n\n(c) information about the Commonwealth scheme power station; and\n\n(d) protected information concerning the applicant; and\n\n(e) any other information held by the Commonwealth Regulator.\n\n(4) The ESC may also require from an applicant under this section who is an applicant under section 12A or 13 of the Commonwealth scheme evidence, in writing, that the applicant has agreed with the Commonwealth Regulator for the Commonwealth Regulator to divulge or communicate to the ESC—\n\n(a) information about the components of the electricity generation system that are also the subject of an application under either of those sections; and\n\n(b) protected information concerning the applicant; and\n\n(c) any other information held by the Commonwealth Regulator.\n\nS. 12(5) inserted by No. 67/2009 s. 4.\n\n(5) No application can be made under this section on or after the commencement of section 4 of the **Victorian Renewable Energy Amendment Act 2009**.\n\n","sortOrder":12},{"sectionNumber":"13","sectionType":"section","heading":"ESC may give provisional accreditation","content":"\t13 ESC may give provisional accreditation\n\n(1) If—\n\n(a) the ESC receives an application that is properly made under section 12; and\n\n(b) the ESC is satisfied that some or all of the proposed components of the system would, if assembled, be a relevant power station for the purposes of this Act—\n\nthe ESC must, by written notice given to the applicant—\n\n(c) specify which of those proposed components (the ***provisional components***) would, if assembled, be a relevant power station for the purposes of this Act; and\n\n(d) specify that, if an application is properly made under section 15 in relation to the relevant power station—\n\n(i) the ESC will decide that the components specified in that application are taken to be a relevant power station for the purposes of this Act if the ESC is satisfied that they are not materially different from the provisional components; and\n\n(ii) the relevant power station will be eligible for accreditation if section 17(3) is satisfied.\n\n(2) If—\n\n(a) the ESC receives an application that is properly made under section 12; and\n\n(b) the ESC is not satisfied that some or all of the proposed components of the system would, if assembled, be a relevant power station for the purposes of this Act—\n\nthe ESC must, by written notice given to the applicant, refuse the application.\n\n(3) ESC rules made for the purposes of section 17, in relation to deciding the components of a relevant power station, apply in a corresponding way to this section.\n\n","sortOrder":13},{"sectionNumber":"14","sectionType":"section","heading":"Time limit for deciding applications","content":"\t14 Time limit for deciding applications\n\n(1) The ESC must decide an application that is properly made under section 12 within—\n\n(a) the period of 40 business days beginning on the day the ESC received the application; or\n\n(b) if, before the end of that period, the ESC and applicant agree to a longer period—that longer period.\n\n(2) However, if, during the period applicable under subsection (1), the ESC, for the purpose of deciding the application, requests information from an applicant, the period between the request and the giving of the information must be disregarded for the purpose of calculating the period applicable under subsection (1).\n\n(3) If the ESC has not decided the application within the period applicable under this section, the ESC is taken, at the end of that period, to have made a decision under section 13 refusing the application.\n\n","sortOrder":14},{"sectionNumber":"Div 3","sectionType":"division","heading":"Accreditation of power stations","content":"Division 3—Accreditation of power stations\n\n","sortOrder":15},{"sectionNumber":"15","sectionType":"section","heading":"Application for accreditation","content":"\t15 Application for accreditation\n\n(1) A registered person may apply to the ESC for accreditation, as an accredited power station, of the components of an electricity generation system that the person considers are a single relevant power station if the person—\n\n(a) operates those components (whether alone or together with one or more other persons); or\n\n(b) owns all, or a part, of those components (whether alone or together with one or more other persons).\n\n(2) The application must—\n\n(b) specify those components of the system that the applicant considers are a single relevant power station; and\n\n(c) specify each other person (if any) who—\n\n(i) operates those components (whether alone or together with one or more other persons); or\n\n(ii) owns all, or a part, of those components (whether alone or together with one or more other persons); and\n\n(d) list—\n\n(i) the eligible renewable energy sources from which electricity is intended to be generated; and\n\n(ii) the estimated average annual output from each source (in MWh) listed under subparagraph (i); and\n\n(iii) the possible scheme capacity; and\n\n(iv) the estimated average annual output from each source (in MWh) listed under subparagraph (i) utilising the possible scheme capacity listed under subparagraph (iii); and\n\n(e) contain any other information required by the ESC; and\n\n(f) be accompanied by any documents required by the ESC; and\n\n(g) if required by the ESC, be accompanied by—\n\n(i) evidence of the kind referred to in section 16(2); and\n\n(ii) a relevant undertaking referred to in section 16(3) or 16(4); and\n\n(h) be accompanied by a statement in writing from each other person (if any) specified under paragraph (c) indicating that the other person agrees to the making of the application; and\n\n(i) be accompanied by the relevant fee (if any) fixed under section 112.\n\nS. 15(3) inserted by No. 67/2009 s. 5.\n\n(3) No application can be made under this section on or after the commencement of section 5 of the **Victorian Renewable Energy Amendment Act 2009**.\n\n","sortOrder":16},{"sectionNumber":"16","sectionType":"section","heading":"ESC may require further information and undertakings from applicants","content":"\t16 ESC may require further information and undertakings from applicants\n\n(1) Subsections (2) and (3) apply to an applicant under section 15—\n\n(a) who is a Commonwealth scheme participant; and\n\n(b) whose application is in respect of components of an electricity generation system that are a Commonwealth scheme power station.\n\n(2) The ESC may require from the applicant evidence, in writing, that—\n\n(a) the applicant has agreed with the Commonwealth Regulator for the Commonwealth Regulator to divulge or communicate to the ESC information about the Commonwealth scheme power station;\n\n(b) the applicant has agreed with the Commonwealth Regulator for the Commonwealth Regulator to divulge or communicate to the ESC—\n\n(i) protected information concerning the applicant; or\n\n(ii) any other information held by the Commonwealth Regulator;\n\n(c) the persons specified in the application in accordance with section 15(2)(c) have agreed with the applicant that they will each agree with the Commonwealth Regulator for the Commonwealth Regulator to divulge or communicate to the ESC—\n\n(i) protected information concerning them; or\n\n(ii) any other information held by the Commonwealth Regulator.\n\n(3) The ESC may require from the applicant an undertaking, in such terms as the ESC may require, to the effect of clause 3 of the Schedule.\n\n(4) The ESC may require from an applicant under section 15 who is not a Commonwealth scheme participant at the time of the application an undertaking, in such terms as the ESC may require, to the effect of clause 4 of the Schedule.\n\n","sortOrder":17},{"sectionNumber":"17","sectionType":"section","heading":"ESC to decide certain matters","content":"\t17 ESC to decide certain matters\n\n(1) If the ESC receives an application that is properly made under section 15, the ESC must—\n\n(a) decide, in accordance with the ESC rules, which components of the system are to be taken to be a relevant power station for the purposes of this Act; and\n\n(b) decide whether the relevant power station is eligible for accreditation.\n\nA decision under subsection (1)(a) may be varied: see Division 10.\n\n(2) If—\n\n(a) the ESC gave a person a notice under section 13(1) in relation to the relevant power station; and\n\n(b) the ESC is satisfied that the components specified in the application under section 15 are not materially different from the provisional components specified under section 13(1)—\n\nthe ESC must decide, under subsection (1)(a) of this section, that the components specified in the application under section 15 are taken to be a relevant power station for the purposes of this Act.\n\n(3) A relevant power station is eligible for accreditation if—\n\n(a) some or all of the electricity generated by the relevant power station is generated from an eligible renewable energy source; and\n\n(b) the relevant power station satisfies any requirements specified in the ESC rules.\n\n(4) However, a relevant power station is not eligible for accreditation if the ESC is satisfied that a previous decision under subsection (1)(a) should be varied to include the components of the system specified in the application for accreditation.\n\n(5) If the ESC decides that the relevant power station is eligible for accreditation, the ESC must also specify in its decision—\n\n(a) in accordance with subsection (6), the pre-scheme capacity (if any) of the relevant power station; and\n\n(b) in accordance with subsection (7), the scheme capacity of the relevant power station; and\n\n(c) any energy sources used by the relevant power station that are not eligible renewable energy sources.\n\n(6) The ESC must, in accordance with the ESC rules, specify that part of the power station's capacity (if any) that has been utilised to generate electricity on a commercial basis before 1 January 2007.\n\n(7) The ESC must, in accordance with the ESC rules, specify how much of the power station's capacity to generate electricity, measured in MW, is in excess of the power station's pre-scheme capacity.\n\n(8) To avoid doubt—\n\n(a) the ESC rules may provide that a relevant power station includes components that are integral to the operation of the relevant power station or to the generation of electricity by the relevant power station; and\n\n(b) the pre-scheme capacity for an accredited power station may be nil.\n\n(9) In this section—\n\n***commercial basis***, in relation to the generation of electricity, means the generation of electricity—\n\n(a) for sale to another person for the primary purpose of earning revenue;\n\n(b) primarily for use by the person generating it or a related body corporate.\n\n","sortOrder":18},{"sectionNumber":"18","sectionType":"section","heading":"ESC to approve or refuse application","content":"\t18 ESC to approve or refuse application\n\nIf the ESC decides that a relevant power station is eligible for accreditation, the ESC must approve the application. In any other case, the ESC must refuse the application.\n\nThe accreditation of an accredited power station may be suspended: see Division 11.\n\n","sortOrder":19},{"sectionNumber":"19","sectionType":"section","heading":"Time limit for deciding applications","content":"\t19 Time limit for deciding applications\n\n(1) The ESC must decide an application that is properly made under section 15 within—\n\n(a) the period of 40 business days beginning on the day the ESC received the application; or\n\n(b) if, before the end of that period, the ESC and applicant agree to a longer period—that longer period.\n\n(2) However, if, during the period applicable under subsection (1), the ESC, for the purpose of deciding the application, requests information from an applicant, the period between the request and the giving of the information must be disregarded for the purpose of calculating the period applicable under subsection (1).\n\n(3) If the ESC has not decided the application within the period applicable under subsection (1), the ESC is taken, at the end of that period, to have made a decision under section 18 refusing the application.\n\n","sortOrder":20},{"sectionNumber":"20","sectionType":"section","heading":"Nominated person for accredited power station","content":"\t20 Nominated person for accredited power station\n\nIf the ESC approves an application, the applicant becomes the nominated person for the accredited power station.\n\nThe nominated person for the accredited power station is able to create certificates for electricity generated by the accredited power station: see section 26. The nominated person may change: see Division 9.\n\n","sortOrder":21},{"sectionNumber":"21","sectionType":"section","heading":"ESC to allocate identification codes","content":"\t21 ESC to allocate identification codes\n\nIf the ESC approves an application, the ESC must allocate the accredited power station a unique identification code and advise the applicant of the code.\n\n","sortOrder":22},{"sectionNumber":"22","sectionType":"section","heading":"What is an eligible renewable energy source?","content":"\t22 What is an eligible renewable energy source?\n\nThe following energy sources are ***eligible renewable energy sources****—*\n\n(a) hydro;\n\n(b) wave;\n\n(c) tide;\n\n(d) ocean;\n\n(e) wind;\n\n(f) solar (other than solar energy used in a device primarily for heating water);\n\n(g) geothermal‑aquifer;\n\n(h) hot dry rock;\n\n(i) energy crops;\n\n(j) wood waste;\n\n(k) agricultural waste;\n\n(l) waste from processing of agricultural products;\n\n(m) food waste;\n\n(n) food processing waste;\n\n(o) bagasse;\n\n(p) black liquor;\n\n(q) biomass‑based components of municipal solid waste;\n\n(r) landfill gas;\n\n(s) sewage gas and biomass‑based components of sewage;\n\n(t) any other energy source specified by Order under section 24.\n\n","sortOrder":23},{"sectionNumber":"23","sectionType":"section","heading":"What is not an eligible renewable energy source?","content":"\t23 What is not an eligible renewable energy source?\n\nDespite section 22, the following energy sources are not eligible renewable energy sources—\n\n(a) fossil fuels;\n\n(b) materials or waste products derived from fossil fuels.\n\n","sortOrder":24},{"sectionNumber":"24","sectionType":"section","heading":"Specification of energy sources as eligible renewable energy sources","content":"\t24 Specification of energy sources as eligible renewable energy sources\n\nThe Governor in Council, by Order published in the Government Gazette, may specify an energy source (other than an energy source specified in section 22(a) to (s) or section 23) to be an eligible renewable energy source.\n\n","sortOrder":25},{"sectionNumber":"25","sectionType":"section","heading":"ESC rules may provide for or in relation to meaning of energy sources","content":"\t25 ESC rules may provide for or in relation to meaning of energy sources\n\n(1) For the purposes of this Act, the ESC rules may provide that an energy source referred to in section 22 or 23 has the meaning specified in the ESC rules.\n\n(2) For the purposes of this Act, the ESC rules may make provision for and in relation to limiting the meaning of an energy source referred to in section 22.\n\n(3) For the purposes of this Act, the ESC rules may make provision for and in relation to extending the meaning of an energy source referred to in section 23.\n\nDivision 4—Creation of certificates\n\nSubdivision 1—Electricity generation\n\n\t26 Creating certificates for additional renewable electricity\n\n(1) The nominated person for an accredited power station may create a certificate for each whole MWh of electricity generated by the power station utilising scheme capacity—\n\n(a) on and from the day on which electricity is first generated utilising scheme capacity; and\n\nS. 26(1)(b) substituted by No. 67/2009 s. 6.\n\n(b) until 31 January 2010.\n\n(2) A certificate must not be created in respect of a whole MWh of electricity generated partly in one year and partly in the following year utilising scheme capacity.\n\n(3) If the amount of electricity generated by an accredited power station during a year utilising scheme capacity is less than 1 MWh but greater than or equal to 0⋅5 MWh, the nominated person for the power station may create 1 certificate in respect of the electricity generated during the year.\n\n(4) The amount of electricity generated by an accredited power station utilising scheme capacity is to be worked out in accordance with the ESC rules.\n\n(5) Electricity is to be excluded from all calculations under this section—\n\n(a) to the extent that the electricity was generated using any energy sources that are not eligible renewable energy sources; or\n\n(b) to the extent that the electricity was generated during any period of suspension of the accreditation of the accredited power station under Division 11.\n\n(6) The nominated person for an accredited power station must not create any certificates during any period of suspension of the person's registration under Division 8.\n\nSee also section 38 (offences for improper creation of certificates).\n\nS. 27 substituted by No. 67/2009 s. 7.\n\n","sortOrder":26},{"sectionNumber":"27","sectionType":"section","heading":"When certificates may be created","content":"\t27 When certificates may be created\n\n(1) A certificate may be created—\n\n(a) in the case of electricity generated before 1 January 2009—at any time after the generation of the final part of the electricity in relation to which it is created and before the end of the year after the year of generation;\n\n(b) in the case of electricity generated on or after 1 January 2009—at any time after the generation of the final part of the electricity in relation to which it is created and before 1 July 2010.\n\n(2) To avoid doubt, subsection (1)(b) applies to electricity generated on or after 1 January 2009 and before the day on which section 7 of the **Victorian Renewable Energy Amendment Act 2009** comes into operation.\n\nFor the offence related to the improper creation of certificates, see section 38.\n\n","sortOrder":27},{"sectionNumber":"28","sectionType":"section","heading":"Certificates must not be created if Commonwealth certificates already created","content":"\t28 Certificates must not be created if Commonwealth certificates already created\n\nA nominated person must not create a certificate for any electricity generated utilising scheme capacity if that capacity has been utilised to generate electricity in relation to which a Commonwealth certificate has been created.\n\n","sortOrder":28},{"sectionNumber":"29","sectionType":"section","heading":"Electricity generation returns","content":"\t29 Electricity generation returns\n\n(1) The nominated person for an accredited power station must give an electricity generation return for a year to the ESC on or before—\n\n(a) 14 March in the following year; or\n\n(2) The return must include details of—\n\n(a) the amount of electricity generated by the power station during the year utilising scheme capacity; and\n\n(b) the amount of that electricity that was generated during the year using eligible renewable energy sources; and\n\n(c) the number of certificates created during the year in respect of the electricity generated by the power station during the year utilising scheme capacity; and\n\n(d) the number of certificates created during the year in respect of any electricity generated by the power station during the previous year utilising scheme capacity; and\n\n(e) any other information specified by the ESC rules.\n\n(3) A return must also be audited in accordance with the ESC rules before it is given to the ESC.\n\n","sortOrder":29},{"sectionNumber":"Subdiv 2","sectionType":"subdivision","heading":"Small generation units","content":"Subdivision 2—Small generation units\n\n","sortOrder":30},{"sectionNumber":"30","sectionType":"section","heading":"When a certificate may be created","content":"\t30 When a certificate may be created\n\nS. 30(1) substituted by No. 67/2009 s. 8.\n\n(1) Certificates may be created in relation to a small generation unit that is installed on or after 1 January 2007 and before 1 February 2010.\n\nS. 30(1A) inserted by No. 67/2009 s. 8.\n\n(1A) A certificate referred to in subsection (1) may be created any time after the installation of the small generation unit but before 1 February 2010.\n\n(2) The ESC rules may make provision in relation to the time at which a small generation unit is taken to have been installed.\n\n(3) The ESC rules may make provision in relation to—\n\n(a) the time when a right to create certificates in relation to a small generation unit arises; and\n\n(b) the period within which certificates may be created in relation to a small generation unit.\n\n","sortOrder":31},{"sectionNumber":"31","sectionType":"section","heading":"How many certificates may be created","content":"\t31 How many certificates may be created\n\nThe number of certificates (each representing 1 MWh) that may be created in relation to a small generation unit is to be determined in accordance with the ESC rules.\n\n","sortOrder":32},{"sectionNumber":"32","sectionType":"section","heading":"Who may create a certificate?","content":"\t32 Who may create a certificate?\n\n(1) The owner of the small generation unit at the time that a right to create a certificate or certificates arises in relation to the small generation unit is entitled to create the certificate or certificates.\n\n(2) However, the owner may, by written notice, and in accordance with the ESC rules, assign the right to create the certificate or certificates to another person. If the owner does this, the owner is not entitled to create the certificate or certificates but the person to whom the right was assigned is entitled to create the certificate or certificates.\n\n(3) Despite subsections (1) and (2) a person who is not registered must not create a certificate that relates to the small generation unit.\n\n","sortOrder":33},{"sectionNumber":"33","sectionType":"section","heading":"No other certificates to be created","content":"\t33 No other certificates to be created\n\nA registered person must not create certificates under Subdivision 1 in respect of electricity generated by a small generation unit, unless an election is made under section 35 in relation to that unit.\n\n","sortOrder":34},{"sectionNumber":"34","sectionType":"section","heading":"Certificates must not be created if Commonwealth certificates already created","content":"\t34 Certificates must not be created if Commonwealth certificates already created\n\n(1) A registered person must not create a certificate in relation to a small generation unit if a Commonwealth certificate has been created in relation to that small generation unit.\n\n(2) A registered person must not create a certificate in relation to a small generation unit if a Commonwealth certificate has been created in relation to electricity generated by that generation unit.\n\n","sortOrder":35},{"sectionNumber":"35","sectionType":"section","heading":"Election to not create certificates under this Subdivision","content":"\t35 Election to not create certificates under this Subdivision\n\n(1) In this section—\n\n***qualifying small generation unit*** means a small generation unit of a kind specified in the ESC rules for the purposes of this section.\n\n(2) The owner of a qualifying small generation unit at the time that it is installed may give the ESC a notice in writing electing that this Subdivision does not apply to the creation of certificates that relate to the unit.\n\n(3) The owner must make the election within the period of 20 business days beginning on the day the unit is installed and before any certificates are created under this Subdivision that relate to the unit.\n\n(4) If an election is made, a person must not create certificates under this Subdivision that relate to the unit.\n\nA person may be able to create certificates under Subdivision 1 that relate to the unit.\n\n(5) An election must not be varied or revoked.\n\n","sortOrder":36},{"sectionNumber":"36","sectionType":"section","heading":"Small generation unit returns","content":"\t36 Small generation unit returns\n\n(1) If the sum of the number of certificates created by a person during a year under this Subdivision exceeds 250, the person must give a return for the year to the ESC on or before—\n\n(a) 14 March in the following year; or\n\n(2) The return must include details of—\n\n(a) the number of certificates the person created under each of those Subdivisions during the year; and\n\n(b) the number of certificates the person is entitled to create under this Subdivision because of rights assigned to the person under section 32(2) during the year; and\n\n(c) any other information specified by the ESC rules.\n\n(3) A return must also be audited in accordance with the ESC rules before it is given to the ESC.\n\n","sortOrder":37},{"sectionNumber":"Subdiv 3","sectionType":"subdivision","heading":"End of right to create certificates","content":"Subdivision 3—End of right to create certificates\n\nS. 37 (Heading) amended by No. 67/2009 s. 9(a).\n\nS. 37 amended by No. 67/2009 s. 9(b).\n\n","sortOrder":38},{"sectionNumber":"37","sectionType":"section","heading":"No certificates can be created on or after 1 February 2010","content":"\t37 No certificates can be created on or after 1 February 2010\n\nNo certificates can be created under—\n\n(a) Subdivision 1 in respect of electricity generated; or\n\n(b) Subdivision 2 in respect of a small generation unit installed—\n\non or after 1 February 2010.\n\n","sortOrder":39},{"sectionNumber":"Subdiv 4","sectionType":"subdivision","heading":"Improper creation of certificates","content":"Subdivision 4—Improper creation of certificates\n\n","sortOrder":40},{"sectionNumber":"38","sectionType":"section","heading":"Improper creation of certificates—offences","content":"\t38 Improper creation of certificates—offences\n\n(1) A person who is not entitled under this Act to create a certificate must not create a certificate.\n\n1. 60 penalty units in the case of an individual;\n\n240 penalty units in the case of a body corporate.\n\n(2) In determining whether a person was not entitled to create a certificate under this Act, the fact that the certificate has been registered by the ESC under section 41 is to be disregarded.\n\nThis ensures that a person cannot raise as relevant evidence the fact that a certificate has been registered.\n\n","sortOrder":41},{"sectionNumber":"Div 5","sectionType":"division","heading":"Form and registration of certificates","content":"Division 5—Form and registration of certificates\n\n","sortOrder":42},{"sectionNumber":"39","sectionType":"section","heading":"Form and content of certificates—accredited power stations","content":"\t39 Form and content of certificates—accredited power stations\n\n(1) Certificates under Subdivision 1 of Division 4 are to be created in an electronic form approved in writing by the ESC.\n\n(2) Each certificate is to contain—\n\n(a) a unique identification code; and\n\n(b) the electronic signature of the registered person who created the certificate; and\n\n(c) the date on which the final part of the electricity was generated; and\n\n(d) details of the eligible renewable energy source or sources of that electricity; and\n\n(e) the date on which the certificate was created.\n\n(3) A certificate's unique identification code is to consist of the following in the following order—\n\n(a) the registered person's registration number;\n\n(b) the accredited power station's identification code;\n\n(c) the year;\n\n(d) a number in an unbroken sequence, that is used for all certificates issued in respect of electricity generated by the accredited power station in that year, that starts at one and has increments of one.\n\n","sortOrder":43},{"sectionNumber":"40","sectionType":"section","heading":"Form and content of certificates—small generation units","content":"\t40 Form and content of certificates—small generation units\n\n(1) Certificates under Subdivision 2 of Division 4 are to be created in an electronic form approved in writing by the ESC.\n\n(2) Each certificate is to contain—\n\n(a) a unique identification code; and\n\n(b) the electronic signature of the registered person who created the certificate; and\n\n(c) the date on which the small generation unit concerned was installed; and\n\n(d) details of the eligible renewable energy source in respect of which the certificate was created; and\n\n(e) the date on which the certificate was created.\n\n(3) A certificate's unique identification code is to consist of the following in the following order—\n\n(a) the registered person's registration number; and\n\n(b) a number in an unbroken sequence that is used for all certificates created by the registered person in that year and that starts at one and has increments of one.\n\n","sortOrder":44},{"sectionNumber":"41","sectionType":"section","heading":"Certificates must be registered","content":"\t41 Certificates must be registered\n\n(1) A certificate is not valid until it has been registered by the ESC.\n\n(2) If the ESC is notified that a certificate has been created, the ESC must decide whether the certificate is eligible for registration.\n\n(3) A certificate is not eligible for registration unless the ESC has been paid the relevant fee (if any) fixed under section 112 for the registration of the certificate.\n\n(4) If the ESC decides that a certificate is eligible for registration, the ESC must create an entry for the certificate in the register of renewable energy certificates and record the person who created the certificate as the owner of the certificate.\n\n(5) If the ESC decides that a certificate is not eligible for registration, or has been improperly created, the ESC must—\n\n(a) not register the certificate; and\n\n(b) notify the person who created the certificate.\n\n(6) The ESC may at any time (whether before or after the registration of a certificate) require the person who created the certificate to provide to the ESC a written statement containing such information as the ESC requires in connection with the creation of the certificate. The person who created the certificate must provide the statement within the period (not being a period of less than 10 business days) specified by the ESC.\n\n","sortOrder":45},{"sectionNumber":"Div 6","sectionType":"division","heading":"Transfer of certificates","content":"Division 6—Transfer of certificates\n\n","sortOrder":46},{"sectionNumber":"42","sectionType":"section","heading":"Certificates may be transferred","content":"\t42 Certificates may be transferred\n\n(1) Certificates that have been registered under section 41 may be transferred to any person.\n\n(2) To avoid doubt, a certificate may be transferred to a person who does not acquire the electricity generated to which the certificate relates.\n\n","sortOrder":47},{"sectionNumber":"43","sectionType":"section","heading":"ESC to be notified","content":"\t43 ESC to be notified\n\n(1) The ESC must be notified of each transfer of a certificate.\n\n(2) The notification must be by electronic transmission in the manner specified, in writing, by the ESC.\n\n(3) The notification must be accompanied by the relevant fee (if any) fixed under section 112.\n\n(4) When the ESC is notified, the ESC must alter the register of certificates to show the transferee as the owner of the certificate.\n\n","sortOrder":48},{"sectionNumber":"Div 7","sectionType":"division","heading":"Retirement of certificates","content":"Division 7—Retirement of certificates\n\n","sortOrder":49},{"sectionNumber":"44","sectionType":"section","heading":"Owner may surrender certificate","content":"\t44 Owner may surrender certificate\n\n(1) The owner of a certificate may surrender the certificate to the ESC under this section.\n\n**Notes**\n\n1 The register of renewable energy certificates must contain the name of the current owner of each certificate.\n\n2 Certificates must also be surrendered under section 67 and may also be required to be surrendered in accordance with a certificate surrender notice, or under a court order under section 73 or 74.\n\n(2) The owner of a certificate must, at the same time, give the ESC reasons, in writing, why they are surrendering the certificate.\n\n(3) A certificate surrendered under this section must not be included in an energy acquisition statement.\n\n","sortOrder":50},{"sectionNumber":"45","sectionType":"section","heading":"Retirement of certificates","content":"\t45 Retirement of certificates\n\n(1) If a certificate is surrendered under section 44 or 67, or in compliance with a surrender certificate notice or an order under section 73 or 74, the certificate ceases to be valid.\n\n(2) On a certificate ceasing to be valid, the ESC must alter the entry relating to the certificate in the register of certificates to show that the certificate is no longer valid.\n\n","sortOrder":51},{"sectionNumber":"Div 8","sectionType":"division","heading":"Suspension of registration","content":"Division 8—Suspension of registration\n\n","sortOrder":52},{"sectionNumber":"46","sectionType":"section","heading":"Suspension of registration—conviction for improper creation of certificates","content":"\t46 Suspension of registration—conviction for improper creation of certificates\n\n(1) If a registered person has been convicted of an offence under section 38, the ESC may suspend the person's registration for such period (not exceeding 2 years) as the ESC considers appropriate in all of the circumstances.\n\n(2) If a person whose registration has previously been suspended under subsection (1) is convicted of another offence under section 38, the ESC may suspend the person's registration for such period (including permanently) as the ESC considers appropriate in all of the circumstances.\n\n","sortOrder":53},{"sectionNumber":"47","sectionType":"section","heading":"Suspension of registration—other grounds","content":"\t47 Suspension of registration—other grounds\n\n(1) The ESC may, by written notice, suspend the registration of a registered person if the ESC believes on reasonable grounds that the person—\n\n(a) has committed an offence against this Act; or\n\n(b) has breached an undertaking given to the ESC under Division 1.\n\n(2) A registration that is suspended under subsection (1) is suspended for such period (not exceeding 12 months) as the ESC considers appropriate in all of the circumstances. That period must be specified in the notice.\n\n(3) The ESC may, by written notice, suspend the registration of a registered person if the registration was obtained improperly.\n\n(4) A registration that is suspended under subsection (3) is suspended for such period (including permanently) as the ESC considers appropriate in all of the circumstances. That period must be specified in the notice.\n\n","sortOrder":54},{"sectionNumber":"Div 9","sectionType":"division","heading":"Changing the nominated person for an accredited power station","content":"Division 9—Changing the nominated person for an accredited power station\n\n","sortOrder":55},{"sectionNumber":"48","sectionType":"section","heading":"Changing the nominated person for an accredited power station","content":"\t48 Changing the nominated person for an accredited power station\n\n(1) A registered person who is a stakeholder in relation to an accredited power station may apply to the ESC for approval to become the nominated person for the power station.\n\nThe nominated person is able to create certificates in respect of electricity generated by the power station: see section 26.\n\n(2) The application must—\n\n(d) if required by the ESC, be accompanied by—\n\n(i) evidence of the kind referred to in section 16(2); and\n\n(ii) an undertaking in the form of a relevant undertaking referred to in section 16(3) or 16(4); and\n\n(e) be accompanied by a statement in writing from each other stakeholder indicating that the other stakeholder agrees to the making of the application; and\n\n(f) be accompanied by the relevant fee (if any) fixed under section 112.\n\n(3) If the ESC receives an application that is properly made, the ESC must, by writing, approve the applicant as the nominated person for the accredited power station.\n\n(4) Otherwise, the ESC must refuse to so approve the applicant and must notify the applicant accordingly.\n\n(5) For the purposes of subsection (2)(d)(i) and (ii) section 16 applies to an application under this section as if—\n\n(a) a reference in that section to the applicant were a reference to an applicant under this section; and\n\n(b) in section 16(2)(c) and clause 4(c) of the Schedule, a reference to persons specified in the application under section 15(2)(c) were a reference to other stakeholders.\n\n","sortOrder":56},{"sectionNumber":"Div 10","sectionType":"division","heading":"Varying what constitutes a power station","content":"Division 10—Varying what constitutes a power station\n\n","sortOrder":57},{"sectionNumber":"49","sectionType":"section","heading":"Varying what constitutes an accredited power station","content":"\t49 Varying what constitutes an accredited power station\n\n(1) The ESC may, by writing, vary a decision under section 17(1)(a). The ESC may do so only in relation to an accredited power station.\n\n(2) The ESC may only do so upon application by the nominated person for the accredited power station.\n\n(3) The application must—\n\n(d) be accompanied by the relevant fee (if any) under section 112.\n\n(4) If the ESC refuses the application, the ESC must notify, in writing, the applicant accordingly.\n\n","sortOrder":58},{"sectionNumber":"Div 11","sectionType":"division","heading":"Suspending the accreditation of a relevant power station","content":"Division 11—Suspending the accreditation of a relevant power station\n\n","sortOrder":59},{"sectionNumber":"50","sectionType":"section","heading":"Suspending the accreditation of a relevant power station—interconnected power stations","content":"\t50 Suspending the accreditation of a relevant power station—interconnected power stations\n\n(1) The ESC may, by written notice, suspend the accreditation of an accredited power station if—\n\n(a) the power station is part of a group of interconnected power stations; and\n\n(b) at any time one or more of the power stations (an ***excess station***)  in the group generates electricity utilising its scheme capacity; and\n\n(c) the ESC is satisfied that at the time the excess station generates electricity utilising its scheme capacity (***the relevant time***), one or more of the power stations (a ***shortfall station***) in the group generates less electricity than it would have generated but for a gaming arrangement; and\n\n(d) the ESC is satisfied that more certificates were able to be created in relation to electricity generated at the relevant time than would have been able to be created but for the gaming arrangement.\n\n(2) The accreditation is suspended for such period (including permanently) as the ESC considers appropriate in all of the circumstances. That period must be specified in the notice.\n\nAny electricity generated by the power station while its accreditation is suspended is to be excluded from all calculations under section 26: see section 26(5).\n\n(3) Two or more power stations form a ***group of interconnected power stations*** if—\n\n(a) each power station is able to generate electricity utilising a particular supply (the ***relevant supply***) of an eligible renewable energy source; and\n\n(b) each of the power stations is owned or operated by the same person (whether alone or together with another person).\n\n(4) In deciding whether or not to suspend the accreditation of an accredited power station under subsection (1), the ESC must have regard to—\n\n(a) any relevant information available that demonstrates whether or not the group of interconnected power stations generated less electricity than it would have but for a gaming arrangement; and\n\n(b) any matter specified in the ESC rules for the purposes of this subsection.\n\n(5) The ESC may have regard to such other matters as it thinks appropriate.\n\n(6) In this section—\n\n***gaming arrangement*** means an arrangement to coordinate the amount of electricity generated by each power station in the group of interconnected power stations utilising the relevant supply for the primary purpose of allowing more certificates to be created than would have been able to be created but for the arrangement.\n\n","sortOrder":60},{"sectionNumber":"51","sectionType":"section","heading":"Suspending the accreditation of a power station—other grounds","content":"\t51 Suspending the accreditation of a power station—other grounds\n\n(1) The ESC may, by written notice, suspend the accreditation of an accredited power station if—\n\n(a) an electricity generation return for a year, in respect of the power station, has not been given to the ESC in accordance with section 29; or\n\n(b) the ESC believes on reasonable grounds that the nominated person in relation to the accredited power station, has breached an undertaking given to the ESC under Division 3 or 9; or\n\n(c) the ESC believes on reasonable grounds that the power station is being operated in contravention of a law of Victoria, the Commonwealth, another State or a Territory.\n\n(2) An accreditation that is suspended under subsection (1)(a) is suspended until the return is given to the ESC in accordance with section 29. The notice must include a statement to that effect.\n\n(3) An accreditation that is suspended under subsection (1)(b) is suspended for such period (including permanently) as the ESC considers appropriate in all of the circumstances. That period must be specified in the notice.\n\n(4) An accreditation that is suspended under subsection (1)(c) is suspended until the ESC believes on reasonable grounds that the power station is not being operated in contravention of that law. The notice must include a statement to that effect.\n\nAny electricity generated by the power station while its accreditation is suspended under this section is to be excluded from all calculations under section 26: see section 26(5).\n\n","sortOrder":61},{"sectionNumber":"52","sectionType":"section","heading":"Suspending the accreditation of a power station—circumstances specified by Governor in Council","content":"\t52 Suspending the accreditation of a power station—circumstances specified by Governor in Council\n\n(1) The Governor in Council, by Order published in the Government Gazette, may, specify other circumstances on which the ESC may suspend the accreditation of an accredited power station.\n\n(2) If a circumstance specified in an Order under subsection (1) arises, the ESC may, by written notice, suspend the accreditation of an accredited power station.\n\n(3) An accreditation that is suspended under subsection (2) is suspended for such period (including permanently) as the ESC considers appropriate in all of the circumstances. That period must be specified in the notice.\n\nAny electricity generated by the power station while its accreditation is suspended under this section is to be excluded from all calculations under section 26: see section 26(5).\n\n","sortOrder":62},{"sectionNumber":"Div 12","sectionType":"division","heading":"Varying pre-scheme capacity and scheme capacity","content":"Division 12—Varying pre-scheme capacity and scheme capacity\n\n","sortOrder":63},{"sectionNumber":"53","sectionType":"section","heading":"Varying pre-scheme capacity and scheme capacity","content":"\t53 Varying pre-scheme capacity and scheme capacity\n\n(1) The ESC may, by written notice, vary the pre-scheme capacity or scheme capacity for an accredited power station.\n\n(2) The ESC may do so only on an application by the nominated person for the accredited power station.\n\n(3) If a notice under subsection (1) increases or decreases the pre-scheme capacity or the scheme capacity (as the case requires) for an accredited power station, the notice has effect on and from the time the notice is given.\n\n","sortOrder":64},{"sectionNumber":"Part 3","sectionType":"part","heading":"Acquisitions of electricity","content":"Part 3—Acquisitions of electricity\n\n","sortOrder":65},{"sectionNumber":"54","sectionType":"section","heading":"What is a *standard scheme acquisition*?","content":"\t54 What is a *standard scheme acquisition*?\n\nS. 54(1) amended by No. 23/2009 s. 36(3).\n\n(1) An acquisition of electricity is a standard scheme acquisition if, under the acquisition, electricity is acquired by a person or body from AEMO, or a person or body specified by the ESC rules, for use in Victoria.\n\n(2) If there is a standard scheme acquisition of electricity under this section, then no other acquisition in relation to that electricity is a scheme acquisition (regardless of when the other acquisition occurs).\n\n","sortOrder":66},{"sectionNumber":"55","sectionType":"section","heading":"What is a *notional scheme acquisition*?","content":"\t55 What is a *notional scheme acquisition*?\n\nA person or body that generates electricity for use by them in Victoria is to be taken to have made a notional scheme acquisition of electricity at the time they use the electricity.\n\n","sortOrder":67},{"sectionNumber":"56","sectionType":"section","heading":"What is an *excluded acquisition*?","content":"\t56 What is an *excluded acquisition*?\n\nAn excluded acquisition is—\n\nS. 56(a) amended by No. 23/2009 s. 36(4).\n\n(a) an acquisition of electricity under which the electricity that is acquired is later acquired by AEMO or a person or body specified by the ESC rules; or\n\n(b) a standard scheme acquisition or a notional scheme acquisition specified by Order under section 57.\n\n","sortOrder":68},{"sectionNumber":"57","sectionType":"section","heading":"Specification of standard scheme acquisitions and notional scheme acquisitions as excluded acquisitions","content":"\t57 Specification of standard scheme acquisitions and notional scheme acquisitions as excluded acquisitions\n\n(1) The Governor in Council, by Order published in the Government Gazette, may specify a standard scheme acquisition or a notional scheme acquisition to be an excluded acquisition.\n\n(2) In specifying a standard scheme acquisition under an Order under subsection (1), the Governor in Council may specify it by reference to any one or more of the following—\n\n(a) a minimum amount of electricity to which the acquisition relates; or\n\n(b) the end user acquiring the electricity; or\n\n(c) the supply points at which the electricity is used.\n\n(3) In specifying a notional scheme acquisition under an Order under subsection (1), the Governor in Council may specify it by reference to—\n\n(a) a person or body that generates electricity for use by them in Victoria; or\n\n(b) a class of persons or bodies the members of which each generate electricity for use by themselves in Victoria.\n\nS. 58 (Heading) amended by No. 55/2010 s. 86.\n\nS. 58 amended by No. 23/2009 s. 36(5).\n\n","sortOrder":69},{"sectionNumber":"58","sectionType":"section","heading":"Special provision for transactions involving AEMO","content":"\t58 Special provision for transactions involving AEMO\n\nDespite section 56, no acquisition of electricity by AEMO is a scheme acquisition.\n\n","sortOrder":70},{"sectionNumber":"59","sectionType":"section","heading":"ESC rules to determine amount of electricity acquired","content":"\t59 ESC rules to determine amount of electricity acquired\n\n(1) The amount of electricity acquired under a scheme acquisition is to be determined in accordance with the ESC rules.\n\n(2) For the purposes of subsection (1), electricity used for the primary purpose of generating, transmitting or distributing electricity is not to be taken into account.\n\nPart 4—Renewable energy certificate shortfall\n\nDivision 1—Prohibition of renewable energy certificate shortfall\n\n\t60 Who is a relevant entity?\n\nA person who makes a scheme acquisition of electricity is called a relevant entity.\n\n","sortOrder":71},{"sectionNumber":"61","sectionType":"section","heading":"Prohibition of renewable energy certificate shortfall","content":"\t61 Prohibition of renewable energy certificate shortfall\n\n(1) A relevant entity must not have a renewable energy certificate shortfall for a year in which the relevant entity makes a scheme acquisition.\n\nS. 61(2) amended by No. 67/2009 s. 10.\n\n(2) Subsection (1) does not apply in the year 2010 or any year after that year.\n\n","sortOrder":72},{"sectionNumber":"62","sectionType":"section","heading":"Civil penalty for shortfall","content":"\t62 Civil penalty for shortfall\n\nS. 62(1) amended by No. 41/2021 s. 79.\n\n(1) A relevant entity that has a renewable energy certificate shortfall for a year is liable to pay to the Essential Services Commission Enforcement Fund a pecuniary penalty (***renewable energy shortfall penalty***) determined in accordance with this section.\n\n(2) The renewable energy shortfall penalty payable by a relevant entity for a year is determined by multiplying the relevant entity's renewable energy certificate shortfall (in MWh) for that year by the shortfall penalty rate for that year.\n\n","sortOrder":73},{"sectionNumber":"63","sectionType":"section","heading":"Shortfall penalty rate","content":"\t63 Shortfall penalty rate\n\n(1) The shortfall penalty rate is $43 per MWh as varied in accordance with this section.\n\nS. 63(2) amended by No. 44/2014 s. 33(Sch. item 33).\n\n(2) The amount referred to in subsection (1) that is to apply in respect of 2007 and each subsequent year is to be varied in accordance with the formula—\n\n![]()\n\nwhere—\n\n\"A\" is the amount referred to in subsection (1).\n\n\"B\" is the all groups consumer price index for Melbourne in original terms  published by the Australian Bureau of Statistics for the reference period in which falls the September quarter of the preceding year.\n\n\"C\" is the all groups consumer price index for Melbourne published by the Australian Statistician in respect of the 2006 September quarter.\n\n(3) If an amount is varied in accordance with this section, subsection (1) has effect as if a reference to the amount were a reference to the amount as so varied.\n\n(4) The ESC must cause a notice to be published in the Government Gazette specifying the amount as varied for the purposes of subsection (1) in respect of the relevant year.\n\n","sortOrder":74},{"sectionNumber":"64","sectionType":"section","heading":"Determination of renewable energy certificate shortfall","content":"\t64 Determination of renewable energy certificate shortfall\n\nThe following steps and result show how to determine whether a relevant entity has a renewable energy certificate shortfall for a year—\n\nStep 1. Calculate the total amount, in MWh, of electricity acquired by the relevant entity during the year under a scheme acquisition.\n\nSection 59 provides that the amount of electricity acquired under a scheme acquisition is to be determined in accordance with the ESC rules.\n\nStep 2. Multiply the total electricity acquired by the renewable power percentage for the year and round down to the nearest MWh (assuming there is more than 1 MWh). Subtract any carried forward surplus for the previous year. The result is the relevant entity's \"**required renewable energy**\" for the year.\n\nStep 3. Subtract the total value, in MWh, of certificates surrendered to the ESC under section 67 for that year by the relevant entity from the required renewable energy for the year.\n\nResult: If the result is greater than zero, the relevant entity has a ***renewable energy certificate shortfall***  for the year equal to the result.\n\nIf the result is zero or less than zero, the relevant entity does not have a renewable energy certificate shortfall for the year.\n\nIf the result is less than zero, the relevant entity has a ***carried forward surplus*** for the year.\n\nDivision 2—Renewable power percentage\n\n","sortOrder":75},{"sectionNumber":"65","sectionType":"section","heading":"Renewable power percentage","content":"\t65 Renewable power percentage\n\n(1) The Governor in Council, by Order published in the Government Gazette, may fix the renewable power percentage in respect of a year.\n\n(2) In determining the renewable power percentage in respect of a year, the Governor in Council must have regard to the scheme acquisitions by each relevant entity in the previous year and the required GWh of electricity from eligible renewable energy sources for that year.\n\n(3) An Order under subsection (1) fixing the renewable power percentage for a year must be made on or before 31 May of that year.\n\n(4) If a renewable power percentage is not fixed by Order for a year, the percentage for that year is—\n\n(a) for the year commencing on 1 January 2007—0%; and\n\n(b) for any later year—the rate worked out using the following formula—\n\n![]()![]()\n\n","sortOrder":76},{"sectionNumber":"66","sectionType":"section","heading":"Required GWh of electricity from eligible renewable energy sources","content":"\t66 Required GWh of electricity from eligible renewable energy sources\n\n(1) Subject to subsection (2), the required GWh of electricity from eligible renewable energy sources for a year is set out in the following Table—\n\nS. 66(1) (Table) substituted by No. 67/2009 s. 11.\n\n| *Required GWh of electricity from eligible renewable energy sources* | |\n| *Year* | *Required GWh* |\n| 2007 | 0 |\n| 2008 | 193 |\n| 2009 | 578 |\n\n(2) The Governor in Council, by Order published in the Government Gazette, may fix an increased amount of electricity from eligible renewable energy sources in respect of a year.\n\n(3) If a change is made to the required GWh of renewable source electricity under the Commonwealth scheme, the Governor in Council, by Order published in the Government Gazette, may fix an increased or decreased amount of electricity from eligible renewable energy sources in respect of a year.\n\n(4) An Order under subsection (2) or (3) fixing an amount of electricity from eligible renewable energy sources in respect of a year must be made on or before 30 September in the year before that year.\n\n(5) If an Order under subsection (2) or (3) fixes an amount of electricity from eligible renewable energy sources in respect of a year, that amount applies in place of the amount specified in the Table in respect of that year.\n\n","sortOrder":77},{"sectionNumber":"Part 5","sectionType":"part","heading":"Statements and surrender of certificates","content":"Part 5—Statements and surrender of certificates\n\n","sortOrder":78},{"sectionNumber":"67","sectionType":"section","heading":"Annual energy acquisition statements","content":"\t67 Annual energy acquisition statements\n\n(1) A relevant entity that makes an acquisition of electricity under a scheme acquisition during a year must lodge an energy acquisition statement for the year on or before—\n\n(a) 30 April in the following year; or\n\n(2) The statement must set out—\n\n(a) the name and postal address of the relevant entity; and\n\n(b) the amount of electricity acquired under scheme acquisitions during the year; and\n\nSection 59 provides that the amount of electricity acquired under a scheme acquisition is to be determined in accordance with the ESC rules.\n\n(c) the value, in MWh, of certificates being surrendered for that year under this section; and\n\n(d) any carried forward surplus for the previous year; and\n\n(e) any carried forward surplus for the current year; and\n\n(f) any other information specified by the ESC rules.\n\n(3) The statement must—\n\n(b) be accompanied by the relevant fee (if any) fixed under section 112; and\n\n(c) be signed by or on behalf of the relevant entity making the statement.\n\n(4) The statement must be accompanied by details of all certificates being surrendered for that year under this section.\n\n(5) A certificate cannot be specified in the statement unless the relevant entity is recorded in the register of renewable energy certificates as the owner of the certificate at the time that the statement is lodged.\n\n(6) A statement must also be audited in accordance with the ESC rules before it is lodged under this section.\n\n","sortOrder":79},{"sectionNumber":"68","sectionType":"section","heading":"Fees for surrender of certificates","content":"\t68 Fees for surrender of certificates\n\n(1) The ESC must, by notice in writing given to the relevant entity, advise the relevant entity—\n\n(a) of the number of certificates specified under section 67(4) that are able to be surrendered for that year; and\n\n(b) of the relevant fee (if any) fixed under section 112 that is payable by the relevant entity in respect of the surrender of those certificates.\n\nSection 69 contains restrictions on the certificates that can be surrendered.\n\n(2) The relevant entity must pay the fee within the period of 20 business days beginning on the day the relevant entity receives the notice under subsection (1).\n\n(3) If the fee is unpaid at the end of that period, it is a debt due to the Crown and is recoverable by the ESC in any court of competent jurisdiction.\n\n","sortOrder":80},{"sectionNumber":"69","sectionType":"section","heading":"Restrictions on certificates that can be surrendered","content":"\t69 Restrictions on certificates that can be surrendered\n\nA certificate cannot be surrendered under section 67 unless—\n\n(a) the certificate is valid; and\n\n(b) the certificate was created before 31 January in the year following the year to which the energy acquisition statement relates; and\n\n(c) the relevant entity is recorded in the register of renewable energy certificates as the owner of the certificate at the time that the statement is lodged.\n\nPart 6—Civil enforcement\n\nDivision 1—Renewable energy shortfall penalty\n\n\t70 Shortfall statement\n\n(1) If the ESC believes on reasonable grounds that a relevant entity is in breach of an obligation under section 61 in respect of a year, the ESC may issue a shortfall statement to the relevant entity.\n\n(2) The shortfall statement must set out—\n\n(a) the name and postal address of the relevant entity; and\n\n(b) the relevant entity's renewable energy certificate shortfall for the year; and\n\n(c) the renewable energy shortfall penalty that the relevant entity is liable to pay under section 62; and\n\n(d) the manner in which that penalty is to be paid; and\n\n(e) the time within which that penalty is to be paid; and\n\n(f) any other information required by the ESC rules.\n\n(3) The shortfall statement must include a statement advising the relevant entity that if the renewable energy shortfall penalty is not paid in accordance with the shortfall notice, the ESC may apply to a court for an order requiring the penalty to be paid.\n\n","sortOrder":81},{"sectionNumber":"71","sectionType":"section","heading":"Application for declaration and order for payment of shortfall penalty","content":"\t71 Application for declaration and order for payment of shortfall penalty\n\n(1) If a renewable energy shortfall penalty is not paid in accordance with a shortfall notice, the ESC may apply to a court for—\n\n(a) a declaration that the relevant entity has contravened section 61; and\n\n(b) an order requiring the relevant entity to pay the renewable energy shortfall penalty.\n\n(2) If the court is satisfied that the relevant entity has contravened section 61, the court may—\n\n(a) make the declaration sought; and\n\nS. 71(2)(b) amended by No. 41/2021 s. 80.\n\n(b) order the relevant entity to pay to the ESC for payment into the Essential Services Commission Enforcement Fund the amount of the renewable energy shortfall penalty determined in accordance with Part 4.\n\n(3) An order made under this section is taken, for the purposes of enforcement, to be an order made by the court in a civil proceeding.\n\nDivision 2—Surrender of additional certificates where undertaking breached\n\n","sortOrder":82},{"sectionNumber":"72","sectionType":"section","heading":"Certificate surrender notice","content":"\t72 Certificate surrender notice\n\n(1) If the ESC believes on reasonable grounds that a nominated person or a registered person is in breach of an undertaking given under Division 1, 3 or 9 of Part 2 relating to the creation of certificates, the ESC may issue a certificate surrender notice to that person.\n\n(2) The ESC must not issue a certificate surrender notice under this section unless the ESC has, as the case requires, suspended—\n\n(a) under section 47(1)(b), the registration of the registered person;\n\n(b) under section 51(1)(b), the accreditation of the power station in relation to which certificates have been created in breach of the undertaking.\n\n(3) The notice must—\n\n(a) set out the name and postal address of the registered person or nominated person; and\n\n(b) specify the number of certificates that must be surrendered to the ESC; and\n\n(c) specify the time within which the certificates specified must be surrendered.\n\n(4) The number of certificates that must be surrendered must be equivalent to the number of certificates created and registered under this Act—\n\n(a) in the case of a breach of an undertaking under Division 1 of Part 2—in relation to the small generation unit in relation to which Commonwealth certificates were also created;\n\n(b) in the case of a breach of an undertaking under Division 3 or 9 of Part 2—utilising the scheme capacity of the accredited power station of the nominated person that was also utilised to create Commonwealth certificates.\n\n(5) The certificate surrender notice must include a statement advising the registered person or nominated person that if the number of certificates specified in the notice to be surrendered is not surrendered in accordance with the notice, the ESC may apply to a court for an order under section 73.\n\n(6) A certificate surrendered in accordance with a certificate surrender notice is not to be counted toward a person's compliance with section 61.\n\n(7) To avoid doubt, it is not an excuse for a failure to comply with a certificate surrender notice that the person to whom the notice is issued is not, at the time the notice is issued, the registered owner of a sufficient number of certificates to comply with the notice.\n\n","sortOrder":83},{"sectionNumber":"73","sectionType":"section","heading":"Application for declaration and order requiring surrender of certificates","content":"\t73 Application for declaration and order requiring surrender of certificates\n\n(1) If certificates are not surrendered in accordance with a certificate surrender notice, the ESC may apply to a court for—\n\n(a) a declaration that a registered person or nominated person has breached an undertaking given by that person under Division 1, 3 or 9 of Part 2; and\n\n(b) an order requiring the registered person or nominated person to surrender to the ESC the number of certificates specified in the order.\n\n(2) If the court is satisfied that the registered person or nominated person has breached the undertaking given by the person under Division 1, 3 or 9 of Part 2, the court may—\n\n(a) make the declaration sought; and\n\n(b) order the registered person or nominated person to surrender to the ESC the number of certificates specified in the order within the time specified in the order.\n\n(3) A certificate surrendered in accordance with an order made under this section is not to be counted toward a person's compliance with section 61.\n\n(4) To avoid doubt, it is not an excuse for a failure to comply with an order under this section that the person who is the subject of the order is not, at the time the order is made, the registered owner of a sufficient number of certificates to comply with the order.\n\nDivision 3—Surrender of additional certificates following improper creation of certificates\n\n","sortOrder":84},{"sectionNumber":"74","sectionType":"section","heading":"ESC may require surrender of certificates following improper creation of certificates","content":"\t74 ESC may require surrender of certificates following improper creation of certificates\n\n(1) The ESC, by order in writing to a person, may require the person to surrender to the ESC, within a period specified in the order, a number of certificates specified in the order.\n\n(2) An order may be made against a person under this section only if the person is found guilty of an offence against section 38.\n\n(3) If an order is made against a person found guilty of an offence under section 38, the ESC is to require the surrender of a number of certificates that is equivalent to the number of certificates that were created by the person in contravention of section 38 and registered under this Act.\n\n(4) A certificate surrendered under this section is not to be counted toward a person's compliance with section 61.\n\n(5) A person must not fail to comply with an order under this section.\n\n1. 600 penalty units and an additional 1 penalty unit for each certificate that the person fails to surrender in accordance with the order.\n\n(6) To avoid doubt, it is not an excuse for a failure to comply with an order under this section that the person who is the subject of the order is not, at the time the order is made, the registered owner of a sufficient number of certificates to comply with the order.\n\n","sortOrder":85},{"sectionNumber":"Part 7","sectionType":"part","heading":"Review of ESC decisions","content":"Part 7—Review of ESC decisions\n\n","sortOrder":86},{"sectionNumber":"75","sectionType":"section","heading":"Review of decisions","content":"\t75 Review of decisions\n\n(1) An affected person in relation to a reviewable decision may request that the ESC reconsider the decision.\n\n(2) The following Table sets out the reviewable decisions and, for each decision, sets out the provision under which it is made and the affected person in relation to it.\n\n| *Table of reviewable decisions* | | | |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| *Item* | *For a decision...* | *made under...* | *the affected person is...* |\n| 1 | to refuse to register a person | section 10 | the person |\n| 2 | in relation to an application about provisional accreditation of a relevant power station | section 13 | the applicant for provisional accreditation |\n| 3 | in relation to an application about accreditation of a relevant power station | section 17 | the applicant for accreditation |\n| 4 | to refuse to accredit a relevant power station | section 18 | the applicant for accreditation |\n| 5 | not to register a certificate | section 41 | the person who created the certificate |\n| 6 | to suspend a person's registration | section 46 or 47 | the registered person |\n| 7 | to refuse to approve a person as the nominated person for an accredited power station | section 48 | the person |\n| 8 | to vary, or refuse to vary, a decision about power station components | section 49 | the nominated person for the accredited power station concerned |\n| 9 | to suspend the accreditation of an accredited power station | section 50 or 51 | the nominated person for the power station concerned |\n| 10 | to vary, or refuse to vary, pre-scheme or scheme capacity | section 53 | the nominated person for the power station concerned |\n\n(3) The request must be—\n\n(a) in writing setting out the reasons for the request; and\n\n(b) accompanied by the relevant fee (if any) fixed under section 112; and\n\n(c) given to the ESC within 30 business days after the making of the decision.\n\n(4) The ESC must reconsider the decision and confirm, vary or set aside the decision.\n\n(5) The ESC is deemed to have confirmed the decision under subsection (4) if the ESC does not give notice in writing of the ESC's decision under that subsection within 40 business days after the request.\n\n(6) Not more than one request can be made in respect of each reviewable decision.\n\n","sortOrder":87},{"sectionNumber":"Part 8","sectionType":"part","heading":"Role of ESC","content":"Part 8—Role of ESC\n\n","sortOrder":88},{"sectionNumber":"76","sectionType":"section","heading":"Role of ESC","content":"\t76 Role of ESC\n\n(1) The ESC is responsible for the general administration of this Act.\n\n(2) Without limiting subsection (1), the ESC's functions under this Act include—\n\n(a) to register persons who may create certificates;\n\n(b) to accredit relevant power stations;\n\n(c) to approve nominated persons;\n\n(d) to monitor and administer the creation, registration, transfer and surrender of certificates;\n\n(e) to enforce renewable energy shortfall penalties;\n\n(f) to monitor compliance with this Act.\n\n","sortOrder":89},{"sectionNumber":"77","sectionType":"section","heading":"ESC must publish certain information","content":"\t77 ESC must publish certain information\n\n(1) The ESC must publish—\n\n(a) a list of each relevant entity that has a renewable energy certificate shortfall for a particular year; and\n\n(b) the amount of each relevant entity's renewable energy certificate shortfall for that year; and\n\n(c) the total of the renewable energy certificate shortfalls for that year; and\n\n(d) the number of certificates created in a particular year; and\n\n(e) the number of certificates surrendered in a particular year; and\n\n(f) the number of certificates that could have been created in respect of renewable energy generated in a particular year and the number that were actually created; and\n\n(g) any other information in accordance with the ESC rules.\n\n(2) Nothing in Part 12 prevents the publication of the information referred to in subsection (1).\n\n","sortOrder":90},{"sectionNumber":"78","sectionType":"section","heading":"Annual report","content":"\t78 Annual report\n\nThe ESC must include a report on the operation of this Act in its annual report of operations under Part 7 of the **Financial Management Act 1994**.\n\nPart 9—Registers\n\nDivision 1—General\n\n\t79 Registers to be maintained\n\nThe ESC must maintain the following registers—\n\n(a) the register of registered persons;\n\n(b) the register of accredited power stations;\n\n(c) the register of renewable energy certificates;\n\n(d) the register of applications for accredited power stations.\n\nDivision 2—The register of registered persons\n\n","sortOrder":91},{"sectionNumber":"80","sectionType":"section","heading":"Register of registered persons","content":"\t80 Register of registered persons\n\n(1) The register of registered persons is to contain—\n\n(a) the name of each registered person; and\n\n(b) the registration number for each registered person; and\n\n(c) any other information that the ESC considers appropriate.\n\n(2) The register must also contain the following information about any person whose registration is suspended—\n\n(a) the name of the person; and\n\n(b) the person's registration number; and\n\n(c) the period for which registration is suspended; and\n\n(d) any other information that the ESC considers appropriate.\n\nDivision 3—The register of accredited power stations\n\n","sortOrder":92},{"sectionNumber":"81","sectionType":"section","heading":"Register of accredited power stations","content":"\t81 Register of accredited power stations\n\nThe register of accredited power stations is to contain—\n\n(a) the name of each accredited power station; and\n\n(b) the name of the nominated person for each accredited power station; and\n\n(c) the identification code for each accredited power station; and\n\n(d) the pre-scheme capacity for each accredited power station; and\n\n(e) the scheme capacity for each accredited power station; and\n\n(f) the total capacity for each accredited power station; and\n\n(g) any relevant method used to determine the amount of electricity generated by each accredited power station utilising scheme capacity; and\n\n(h) any other information that the ESC considers appropriate.\n\n","sortOrder":93},{"sectionNumber":"Div 4","sectionType":"division","heading":"The register of renewable energy certificates","content":"Division 4—The register of renewable energy certificates\n\n","sortOrder":94},{"sectionNumber":"82","sectionType":"section","heading":"Register of renewable energy certificates","content":"\t82 Register of renewable energy certificates\n\nThe register of renewable energy certificates is to contain—\n\n(a) the unique identification code of each valid certificate; and\n\n(b) the year in which the certificate was created; and\n\n(c) the name of the registered person who created the certificate; and\n\n(d) the name of the current registered owner, and each previous registered owner, of each certificate; and\n\n(e) the eligible renewable energy source or sources of the electricity in respect of which the certificate was created; and\n\n(f) any other information that the ESC considers appropriate.\n\nDivision 5—The register of applications for accredited power stations\n\n","sortOrder":95},{"sectionNumber":"83","sectionType":"section","heading":"Contents of register of applications for accredited power stations","content":"\t83 Contents of register of applications for accredited power stations\n\nThe register of applications for accredited power stations is to contain—\n\n(a) the name of each applicant for each relevant power station to be accredited; and\n\n(b) the name and location of each relevant power station to be accredited; and\n\n(c) the eligible renewable energy source or sources proposed to be used by each relevant power station to be accredited; and\n\n(d) any other information that the ESC considers appropriate.\n\nDivision 6—Form of registers\n\n","sortOrder":96},{"sectionNumber":"84","sectionType":"section","heading":"Form of registers","content":"\t84 Form of registers\n\n(1) A register under this Part must be maintained by electronic means.\n\n(2) A register is to be made available for inspection on the ESC's Internet site.\n\n(3) Any addition to a register must be made available on the ESC's Internet site within 20 business days after the ESC registers the person, power station or certificate or receives the application (as the case requires).\n\n","sortOrder":97},{"sectionNumber":"Part 10","sectionType":"part","heading":"Information-gathering powers","content":"Part 10—Information-gathering powers\n\n","sortOrder":98},{"sectionNumber":"85","sectionType":"section","heading":"ESC may obtain information and documents","content":"\t85 ESC may obtain information and documents\n\n(1) This section applies to a person if the ESC has reason to believe that the person has information or a document that is relevant to the operation of this Act.\n\n(2) The ESC may, by written notice given to the person, require the person—\n\n(a) to give to the ESC, within the period and in the manner and form specified in the notice, any such information; or\n\n(b) to produce to the ESC, within the period and in the manner specified in the notice, any such document; or\n\n(c) if the person is an individual, to appear before the ESC at a time and place specified in the notice to give any information, either orally or in writing, and produce any such document; or\n\n(d) if the person is a body corporate, to cause a competent officer of the body corporate to appear before the ESC at a time and place specified in the notice to give any such information, either orally or in writing, and produce any such document.\n\n(3) A notice under subsection (2) must set out the effect of sections 86 and 87.\n\n","sortOrder":99},{"sectionNumber":"86","sectionType":"section","heading":"Failure to comply with notice","content":"\t86 Failure to comply with notice\n\nA person must not, without reasonable excuse, fail to comply with a notice given to the person under section 85.\n\n","sortOrder":100},{"sectionNumber":"87","sectionType":"section","heading":"Protection against self-incrimination","content":"\t87 Protection against self-incrimination\n\nIt is a reasonable excuse for an individual to refuse or fail to give information or evidence or produce a document under section 85 if the giving of the information or evidence or the production of the document would tend to incriminate the person.\n\n","sortOrder":101},{"sectionNumber":"88","sectionType":"section","heading":"Copies of documents","content":"\t88 Copies of documents\n\nThe ESC may inspect a document produced under this Part and may make and retain copies of, or take and retain extracts from, such a document.\n\n","sortOrder":102},{"sectionNumber":"89","sectionType":"section","heading":"ESC may retain documents","content":"\t89 ESC may retain documents\n\n(1) The ESC may take, and retain for as long as necessary, possession of a document produced under this Part.\n\n(2) The person otherwise entitled to possession of the document is entitled to be supplied, as soon as practicable, with a copy certified by the ESC to be a true copy.\n\n(3) The certified copy must be received in all courts and tribunals as evidence as if it were the original.\n\n(4) Until a certified copy is supplied, the ESC must, at all such times and places as the ESC thinks appropriate, permit the person otherwise entitled to possession of the document, or a person authorised by that person, to inspect and make copies of, or take extracts from, the document.\n\nPart 11—Powers of authorised officers\n\nDivision 1—Appointment of authorised officers and identity cards\n\n\t90 Appointment of authorised officers\n\n(1) The ESC may, in writing, appoint any of the following persons as an authorised officer for the purposes of this Part—\n\n(a) an employee of the ESC;\n\n(b) a person employed under Part 3 of the **Public Administration Act 2004**;\n\n(c) any other person employed by the State;\n\n(d) any other person who the ESC considers has appropriate skills, qualifications and experience.\n\n(2) The ESC must not appoint a person as an authorised officer unless the ESC is satisfied that the person has appropriate skills, qualifications and experience.\n\n(3) In exercising powers or performing functions as an authorised officer, an authorised officer must comply with any directions of the ESC.\n\n","sortOrder":103},{"sectionNumber":"91","sectionType":"section","heading":"Identity cards","content":"\t91 Identity cards\n\n(1) The ESC must issue an identity card to an authorised officer.\n\n(2) The identity card must contain a recent photograph and the signature of the authorised officer.\n\n(3) An authorised officer must carry the identity card at all times when exercising powers or performing functions as an authorised officer.\n\n(4) An authorised officer must produce his or her identity card for inspection—\n\n(a) before exercising a power under this Part other than a requirement made by post, fax, email or other electronic communication; and\n\n(b) at any time during the exercise of a power under this Part, if asked to do so.\n\n1. 10 penalty units.\n\nDivision 2—Powers of authorised officer\n\nSubdivision 1—When may powers be exercised\n\n\t92 When may powers be exercised?\n\n(1) An authorised officer may exercise powers under this Part only to the extent that it is reasonably necessary to do so for substantiating information provided under this Act or for determining whether this Act has been complied with.\n\n(2) In exercising powers under this Part, an authorised officer must—\n\n(a) cause as little inconvenience as possible; and\n\n(b) not remain on premises any longer than is reasonably necessary.\n\nSubdivision 2—Monitoring powers\n\n","sortOrder":104},{"sectionNumber":"93","sectionType":"section","heading":"Entry to premises","content":"\t93 Entry to premises\n\n(1) An authorised officer may at any reasonable time of the day—\n\n(a) enter any premises; and\n\n(b) exercise the monitoring powers set out in section 97.\n\n(2) An authorised officer is not authorised to enter premises under subsection (1) unless—\n\n(a) the premises are business premises, the occupier of the premises has consented to the entry and the authorised officer has complied with section 95; or\n\n(b) the entry is made under a monitoring warrant.\n\n(3) If the authorised officer is on the premises with the consent of the occupier, the authorised officer must leave the premises if the occupier asks the authorised officer to do so.\n\n","sortOrder":105},{"sectionNumber":"94","sectionType":"section","heading":"Information to be provided to occupier on entry","content":"\t94 Information to be provided to occupier on entry\n\n(1) If the occupier of the premises is present when an authorised officer exercises a power of entry under this Part, the officer must inform the occupier of the purpose of the entry.\n\nThe authorised officer must also produce his or her identity card for inspection: see section 91(4).\n\n(2) If an authorised officer exercises a power of entry under this Part without the occupier being present, the officer must—\n\n(a) on leaving the premises, leave a notice setting out—\n\n(i) the time of entry; and\n\n(ii) the purpose of entry; and\n\n(iii) a description of all things done while on the premises; and\n\n(iv) the time of departure; and\n\n(v) the procedure for contacting the officer for further details of the entry; and\n\n(b) post a copy of that notice to the occupier of the premises, if the identity and address of the occupier are known to the officer.\n\n","sortOrder":106},{"sectionNumber":"95","sectionType":"section","heading":"Entry with consent","content":"\t95 Entry with consent\n\n(1) If an occupier consents to an entry under section 93, the authorised officer must before entering the premises ask the occupier to sign an acknowledgement stating—\n\n(a) that the occupier has been informed of the purpose of the entry; and\n\n(b) that the occupier has been informed that he or she may refuse to consent to the entry; and\n\n(c) that the occupier has consented to the entry; and\n\n(d) the date and time that the occupier consented.\n\n(2) An occupier who signs an acknowledgement must be given a copy of the signed acknowledgement before the authorised officer leaves the premises.\n\n(3) If, in any proceeding, an acknowledgement is not produced to the court or tribunal, it must be presumed, until the contrary is proved, that the occupier did not consent to the entry.\n\n(4) An entry of an authorised officer by virtue of the consent of a person is not lawful unless the person voluntarily consented to the entry.\n\n","sortOrder":107},{"sectionNumber":"96","sectionType":"section","heading":"Entry with monitoring warrant","content":"\t96 Entry with monitoring warrant\n\n(1) An authorised officer executing a monitoring warrant must, before entering premises under the warrant—\n\n(a) announce that he or she is authorised to enter the premises; and\n\n(b) give any person at the premises an opportunity to allow entry to the premises.\n\n(2) If a monitoring warrant is being executed and the occupier of the premises  or another person who apparently represents the occupier is present at the premises, the authorised officer must make available to that person a copy of the warrant.\n\n(3) The authorised officer must identify himself or herself to the person referred to in subsection (2).\n\n","sortOrder":108},{"sectionNumber":"97","sectionType":"section","heading":"Monitoring powers of authorised officers","content":"\t97 Monitoring powers of authorised officers\n\n(1) For the purposes of this Part, the following are the monitoring powers that an authorised officer may exercise in relation to premises under section 93—\n\n(a) the power to search the premises for any thing on the premises that may relate to—\n\n(i) the creation or transfer of certificates; or\n\n(ii) scheme acquisitions;\n\n(b) the power to examine any activity conducted on the premises that may relate to information provided for the purposes of this Act;\n\n(c) the power to examine any thing on the premises that may relate to information provided for the purposes of this Act;\n\n(d) the power to take photographs or make video or audio recordings or sketches on the premises of any such activity or thing;\n\n(e) the power to inspect any document on the premises that may relate to information provided for the purposes of this Act;\n\n(f) the power to take extracts from, or make copies of, any such document;\n\n(g) the power to take onto the premises such equipment and materials as the authorised officer requires for the purpose of exercising powers in relation to the premises;\n\n(h) the power to secure a thing that—\n\n(i) is found during the exercise of monitoring powers on the premises; and\n\n(ii) an authorised officer believes on reasonable grounds affords evidence of the commission of an offence against this Act; and\n\n(iii) the authorised officer believes on reasonable grounds would be lost, destroyed or tampered with before a warrant can be obtained—\n\nuntil a warrant is obtained to seize the thing;\n\n(i) the powers in subsections (2) and (3).\n\n(2) For the purposes of this Part, ***monitoring powers*** include the power to operate equipment at premises to see whether—\n\n(a) the equipment; or\n\n(b) a disk, tape or other storage device that—\n\n(i) is at the premises; and\n\n(ii) can be used with the equipment or is associated with it—\n\ncontains information that is relevant to substantiating information provided under this Act.\n\n(3) For the purposes of this Part, ***monitoring powers*** include the following powers in relation to information described in subsection (2) found in the exercise of the power under that subsection—\n\n(a) the power to operate facilities at the premises to put the information in documentary form and copy the documents so produced;\n\n(b) the power to operate facilities at the premises to transfer the information to a disk, tape or other storage device that—\n\n(i) is brought to the premises for the exercise of the power; or\n\n(ii) is at the premises and the use of which for the purpose has been agreed in writing by the occupier of the premises;\n\n(c) the power to remove from the premises a disk, tape or other storage device to which the information has been transferred in the exercise of the power under paragraph (b).\n\nSubdivision 3—Powers to ask questions and seek production of documents\n\n","sortOrder":109},{"sectionNumber":"98","sectionType":"section","heading":"Authorised officer may ask for information","content":"\t98 Authorised officer may ask for information\n\nIf the authorised officer was only authorised to enter premises because the occupier of the premises consented to the entry, the authorised officer may ask the occupier to—\n\n(a) answer any questions related to the creation or transfer of certificates, scheme acquisitions or the provision of information under this Act that are put by the authorised officer; and\n\n(b) produce any document requested by the authorised officer that is so related.\n\n","sortOrder":110},{"sectionNumber":"99","sectionType":"section","heading":"Authorised officer may require information","content":"\t99 Authorised officer may require information\n\nIf the authorised officer was authorised to enter the premises by a monitoring warrant, the authorised officer may require any person in or on the premises to—\n\n(a) answer any questions related to the creation or transfer of certificates, scheme acquisitions or the provision of information under this Act that are put by the authorised officer; and\n\n(b) produce any document requested by the authorised officer that is so related.\n\n","sortOrder":111},{"sectionNumber":"100","sectionType":"section","heading":"Failure to produce documents or answer questions","content":"\t100 Failure to produce documents or answer questions\n\nA person must not, without reasonable excuse, fail to answer a question or produce a document required under section 99.\n\n1. 60 penalty units.\n\n","sortOrder":112},{"sectionNumber":"101","sectionType":"section","heading":"Protection against self-incrimination","content":"\t101 Protection against self-incrimination\n\n(1) It is a reasonable excuse for an individual to refuse or fail to answer a question or produce a document under section 99 if the answering of the question or the production of the document would tend to incriminate the person.\n\n(2) Despite subsection (1), it is not a reasonable excuse for an individual to refuse or fail to produce a document that the person is required to keep by this Act, if the production of the document would tend to incriminate the person.\n\nDivision 3—Occupiers' rights and responsibilities\n\n","sortOrder":113},{"sectionNumber":"102","sectionType":"section","heading":"Occupier may be present during execution of warrant","content":"\t102 Occupier may be present during execution of warrant\n\n(1) If a monitoring warrant is being executed and the occupier of the warrant premises, or another person who apparently represents the occupier, is present at the premises, the person is entitled to observe the execution of the warrant.\n\n(2) The right to observe the execution of the warrant ceases if the person impedes that execution.\n\n(3) This section does not prevent the execution of the warrant in 2 or more areas of the premises at the same time.\n\n","sortOrder":114},{"sectionNumber":"103","sectionType":"section","heading":"Occupier to provide authorised officer with assistance","content":"\t103 Occupier to provide authorised officer with assistance\n\nThe occupier of warrant premises, or another person who apparently represents the occupier, must provide the authorised officer executing the warrant and any person assisting that officer with all reasonable facilities and assistance for the effective exercise of their powers.\n\nDivision 4—Monitoring warrants\n\n","sortOrder":115},{"sectionNumber":"104","sectionType":"section","heading":"Monitoring warrants","content":"\t104 Monitoring warrants\n\n(1) An authorised officer may apply to a magistrate for a warrant under this section in relation to premises.\n\nS. 104(2) amended by No. 6/2018 s. 68(Sch. 2 item 136).\n\n(2) Subject to subsection (3), the magistrate may issue the warrant if the magistrate is satisfied, by information on oath or by affirmation, that it is reasonably necessary that one or more authorised officers should have access to the premises for the purposes of substantiating information provided under this Act or determining whether this Act has been complied with.\n\n(3) The magistrate must not issue the warrant unless the authorised officer or some other person has given the magistrate, either orally or by affidavit, such further information (if any) as the magistrate requires concerning the grounds on which the issue of the warrant is sought.\n\n(4) The warrant must—\n\n(a) authorise one or more authorised officers (whether or not named in the warrant), with such assistance and by such force as is necessary and reasonable—\n\n(i) to enter the premises; and\n\n(ii) to exercise the powers set out in section 97 in relation to the premises; and\n\n(b) state whether the entry is authorised to be made at any time of the day or during specified hours of the day; and\n\n(c) specify the day (not more than 6 months after the issue of the warrant) on which the warrant ceases to have effect; and\n\n(d) state the purpose for which the warrant is issued.\n\n(5) A warrant issued under this section must be issued in accordance with the **Magistrates' Court Act 1989** as if it were a search warrant issued under that Act and must be in a form set out in the regulations under that Act.\n\n(6) Section 78(1)(b)(iii) of the **Magistrates' Court Act 1989** does not apply to a warrant issued under this section.\n\n(7) Subject to any provisions to the contrary in this Part, the rules to be observed with respect to search warrants mentioned in the **Magistrates' Court Act 1989** extend and apply to warrants under this section.\n\n","sortOrder":116},{"sectionNumber":"Part 12","sectionType":"part","heading":"Confidentiality","content":"Part 12—Confidentiality\n\n","sortOrder":117},{"sectionNumber":"105","sectionType":"section","heading":"Disclosure of information and offence","content":"\t105 Disclosure of information and offence\n\n(1) A person must not disclose any confidential or commercially-sensitive information obtained during the exercise of a power or the performance of a function under, or in connection with, this Act.\n\n1. 60 penalty units.\n\n(2) A person must not use any such information to obtain directly or indirectly any pecuniary or other advantage for himself or herself or any other person.\n\n1. 120 penalty units.\n\n(3) However, the person may disclose or use such information if—\n\n(a) the disclosure or use is made in the exercise of a power or the performance of a function under, or in connection with, this Act; or\n\n(b) the person has the consent of the person who supplied the information; or\n\n(c) the disclosure or use is made in legal proceedings at the direction of a court; or\n\n(d) the information is in the public domain at the time it is disclosed or used.\n\n(4) To avoid doubt, subsection (3) is not intended to interfere with any rights another person may have with regard to the disclosure or use of the information.\n\n","sortOrder":118},{"sectionNumber":"106","sectionType":"section","heading":"Information may be disclosed to specified persons or bodies","content":"\t106 Information may be disclosed to specified persons or bodies\n\nThis Part does not prevent the ESC, or a person authorised by the ESC, from divulging or communicating information to—\n\n(a) the Minister; or\n\nS. 106(b) substituted by No. 23/2009 s. 36(6)(a).\n\n(b) AEMO; or\n\nS. 106(c) repealed by No. 23/2009 s. 36(6)(b).\n\n(d) Sustainability Victoria established under the **Sustainability Victoria Act 2005**; or\n\n(e) the Office of the Renewable Energy Regulator established under the Commonwealth scheme; or\n\n(f) the Head of the Australian Greenhouse Office (within the meaning of the Commonwealth scheme) or an officer of the Australian Greenhouse Office authorised by the Head of the Australian Greenhouse Office for the purposes of this Part; or\n\n(g) an officer of that part of the Agriculture Department of the Commonwealth Government known as the Australian Bureau of Agriculture and Resource Economics (***ABARE***) for the purposes of the performance of any of ABARE's functions or the exercise of any of ABARE's powers.\n\nPart 13—General\n\nDivision 1—General offences\n\n\t107 False or misleading information\n\nA person must not—\n\n(a) give information to the ESC or any person exercising powers under or in connection with this Act that the first-mentioned person knows to be false or misleading in a material particular; or\n\n(b) produce a document to the ESC or any person exercising powers under or in connection with this Act that the first-mentioned person knows to be false or misleading in a material particular without indicating the respect in which it is false or misleading and, if practicable, providing correct information.\n\n","sortOrder":119},{"sectionNumber":"108","sectionType":"section","heading":"Failure to provide documents","content":"\t108 Failure to provide documents\n\nIf a person is required under this Act to provide a document (including a statement or return) to the ESC within a specified time or by a specified date, the person, must not, without reasonable excuse, fail to provide the document by the specified time or the specified date, as the case requires.\n\n","sortOrder":120},{"sectionNumber":"109","sectionType":"section","heading":"Offences by bodies corporate","content":"\t109 Offences by bodies corporate\n\n(1) If a body corporate commits an offence against this Act, any officer of the body corporate who knowingly authorised or permitted the commission of the offence is also guilty of that offence and liable to the penalty for it.\n\n(2) A person may be proceeded against and convicted under a provision in accordance with subsection (1) whether or not the body corporate has been proceeded against or convicted under that provision.\n\n(3) If in a proceeding for an offence against this section it is necessary to establish the intention of a body corporate, it is sufficient to show that a servant or agent of the body corporate had that intention.\n\n(4) In subsection (1), ***officer***, in relation to a body corporate, means—\n\n(a) a director, secretary or executive officer of the body corporate; or\n\n(b) any person in accordance with whose directions or instructions the directors of the body corporate are accustomed to act; or\n\n(c) a person concerned in the management of the body corporate.\n\nDivision 2—Evidence and records\n\n","sortOrder":121},{"sectionNumber":"110","sectionType":"section","heading":"Evidence","content":"\t110 Evidence\n\n(1) A document sealed by the ESC purporting to be a copy of a document issued or given by the ESC under this Act is evidence that the second-mentioned document was so issued or given.\n\n(2) A document sealed by the ESC purporting to be a copy of, or an extract from, a renewable energy shortfall statement is evidence of the matter set out in the document to the same extent as the original statement would be if it were produced.\n\n","sortOrder":122},{"sectionNumber":"111","sectionType":"section","heading":"Records to be kept by registered persons and relevant entities","content":"\t111 Records to be kept by registered persons and relevant entities\n\n(1) A person who is a registered person or a relevant entity must keep records that record and explain all transactions and other acts engaged in, or required to be engaged in, by the registered person or relevant entity under this Act.\n\n(2) The records kept by a registered person must include any documents relevant to ascertaining—\n\n(a) the amount of electricity generated by an accredited power station in relation to which the registered person is the nominated person; and\n\n(b) the amount of that electricity that was generated from eligible renewable energy sources and from scheme capacity; and\n\n(c) details of all certificates created by the nominated person during the year; and\n\n(d) any other matter required by the ESC rules.\n\n(3) The records kept by a relevant entity must include any documents relevant to ascertaining—\n\n(a) the amount of electricity acquired by the relevant entity under scheme acquisitions during a year; and\n\n(b) any other matter required by the ESC rules.\n\n(4) The records must be kept—\n\n(a) in writing in the English language or so as to enable the records to be readily accessible and convertible into writing in the English language; and\n\n(b) so that the relevant entity's liability under this Act can be readily ascertained.\n\n(5) A registered person or relevant entity who has possession of any records kept or obtained under or for the purposes of this Act must retain them until the end of 5 years after those records were prepared or obtained, or the completion of the transactions or acts to which those records relate, whichever is the later.\n\n(6) Nothing in this section requires a registered person or relevant entity to retain records if—\n\n(a) the ESC has notified the registered person or relevant entity that the retention of the records is not required; or\n\n(b) the registered person or relevant entity is a company that has gone into liquidation and been finally dissolved.\n\n(7) A registered person or relevant entity who contravenes this section is guilty of an offence and liable to a penalty not exceeding 60 penalty units, in the case of an individual, or 240 penalty units, in the case of a body corporate.\n\nDivision 3—Fees\n\n\t112 Fees\n\n(1) The Minister, after consultation with the Minister administering the **Essential Services Commission Act 2001**, may fix fees or scales of fees for the purposes of this Act.\n\n(2) The fees may include—\n\n(a) fees for the registration of certificates; and\n\n(b) fees for requests for review of reviewable decisions; and\n\n(c) fees for the lodging of statements; and\n\n(d) fees for the surrender of certificates.\n\n(3) In fixing fees, the Minister may have regard to the total amount of the costs and expenses of the ESC that are incurred or are likely to be incurred in the exercise of its powers, or in connection with the performance of its functions, under this Act.\n\n(4) The fees must be published by notice in the Government Gazette and on the Internet site of the ESC.\n\n(5) Fees take effect on the day that the notice is published in the Government Gazette or on such later date as is specified in the notice.\n\nNote to s. 112 inserted by No. 41/2021 s. 81.\n\nFees under this section are paid into the Essential Services Commission Operating Fund—see section 54ZU of the **Essential Services Commission Act 2001**.\n\nDivision 4—ESC rules\n\n","sortOrder":123},{"sectionNumber":"113","sectionType":"section","heading":"ESC rules","content":"\t113 ESC rules\n\n(1) The ESC may make rules for or with respect to any matter required or permitted by this Act to be provided for by the ESC rules or which is necessary or convenient for carrying out or giving effect to this Act.\n\n(2) Without limiting subsection (1), rules made may be for or with respect to the following matters—\n\n(a) eligibility of relevant power stations for accreditation;\n\n(b) eligible renewable energy sources;\n\n(c) the amount of energy generated by an accredited power station including in respect of pre-scheme capacity and scheme capacity;\n\n(d) electricity generation returns and the audit of those returns;\n\n(e) scheme acquisitions;\n\n(f) annual energy acquisition statements and the audit of those statements;\n\n(g) records to be kept by registered persons and relevant entities.\n\n(3) The rules may apply, adopt or incorporate (with or without modifications)—\n\n(a) the provisions of any document issued or published by any person or body, whether as issued or published at the time the rules are made or any time before then or as in force from time to time; and\n\n(b) the provisions of any Act of the Commonwealth or another State or Territory or a subordinate instrument made under any of those Acts, whether wholly or partially or as amended by the rules or as in force or published at a particular time or from time to time.\n\n(4) A rule may—\n\n(a) apply generally or be of limited application;\n\n(b) apply differently according to differences in time, place or circumstance;\n\n(c) authorise any matter or thing to be from time to time approved, determined or regulated by a specified person or body.\n\n(5) In preparing and consulting on any draft rules, the ESC must comply with the consultation requirements of the Charter of Consultation and Regulatory Practice published under the **Essential Services Commission Act 2001**, as far as possible, as if the draft rules were a draft determination of the ESC.\n\n(6) The rules must be published in the Government Gazette and on the Internet site of the ESC.\n\n(7) Rules take effect on the day that they are published in the Government Gazette or on such later date as is specified in the rules.\n\n(8) The ESC must make an up to date copy of the rules available at its office for any person to inspect, during ordinary office hours, free of charge.\n\n(9) A copy of a rule must be laid before each House of Parliament on or before the sixth sitting day after it is made.\n\n(10) A rule is subject to disallowance by the Parliament and sections 23, 24 and 25 of the **Subordinate Legislation Act 1994** apply as if the rule were a statutory rule.\n\nDivision 5—Review of Act\n\n","sortOrder":124},{"sectionNumber":"114","sectionType":"section","heading":"Review of operation of Act","content":"\t114 Review of operation of Act\n\nS. 114(1) amended by No. 67/2009 s. 12(1).\n\n(1) The Minister may cause an independent review of the operation of this Act, including consideration of—\n\n(a) the extent to which the objects of this Act have been achieved; and\n\n(b) the required GWh of electricity from eligible renewable energy sources applying under this Act; and\n\n(c) the eligible renewable energy sources; and\n\n(d) the mix of electricity generation technologies that has resulted from the implementation of this Act; and\n\n(e) the level of penalties provided for under this Act.\n\nS. 114(2) repealed by No. 67/2009 s. 12(2).\n\n(3) A person who undertakes the review must give the Minister a written report of the review.\n\n(4) The Minister must cause a copy of the report of the review to be tabled in each House of the Parliament.\n\n(5) In this section ***independent review*** means a review by persons who—\n\n(a) in the opinion of the Minister possess appropriate qualifications to undertake the review; and\n\n(b) include one or more persons who are not employed by the State or a State authority and have not, since the commencement of this Act, provided services to the State or a State authority under or in connection with a contract.\n\nPt. 14 (Heading and ss 115–117) substituted  \nas Pt 14 (Heading and s. 115) by No. 67/2009 s. 13.\n\n","sortOrder":125},{"sectionNumber":"Part 14","sectionType":"part","heading":"Transitional","content":"Part 14—Transitional\n\nS. 115 substituted by No. 67/2009 s. 13.\n\n","sortOrder":126},{"sectionNumber":"115","sectionType":"section","heading":"Undertakings given before commencement of Victorian Renewable Energy Amendment Act 2009","content":"\t115 Undertakings given before commencement of Victorian Renewable Energy Amendment Act 2009\n\n(1) An undertaking given to the ESC as required under section 9(2) before the commencement day has effect on and after the commencement day as if the undertaking were to the effect of clause 1 of the Schedule as amended and in force on and after the commencement day.\n\n(2) An undertaking given to the ESC as required under section 9(3) before the commencement day has effect on and after the commencement day as if the undertaking were to the effect of clause 2 of the Schedule as amended and in force on and after the commencement day.\n\n(3) An undertaking given to the ESC as required under section 16(3) before the commencement day has effect on and after the commencement day as if the undertaking were to the effect of clause 3 of the Schedule as amended and in force on and after the commencement day.\n\n(4) An undertaking given to the ESC as required under section 16(4) before the commencement day has effect on and after the commencement day as if the undertaking were to the effect of clause 4 of the Schedule as amended and in force on and after the commencement day.\n\n(5) In this section ***commencement day*** means the day on which section 14 of the **Victorian Renewable Energy Amendment Act 2009** comes into operation.\n\nSchedule––Undertakings to be given to the ESC\n\nSections 9, 16, 48\n\nPart 1—Undertakings to be given by registered person applicants\n\nSch. Pt 1 item 1 amended by No. 67/2009 s. 14(1)(2).\n\n\t1 Undertakings for registered person applicants who are Commonwealth scheme participants\n\n(a) will not create, while a Commonwealth scheme participant, a Commonwealth certificate, before 1 February 2010, in relation to a small generation unit installed before 1 February 2010 if a certificate is created under section 32 in relation to that small generation unit;\n\n(b) as an owner of a small generation unit installed before 1 February 2010, will not cause another person who is also—\n\n(i) an owner of the small generation unit; and\n\n(ii) a Commonwealth scheme participant—\n\nto create, while a Commonwealth scheme participant, a Commonwealth certificate, before 1 February 2010, in relation to the small generation unit if a certificate is created under section 32 in relation to that small generation unit.\n\nSch. Pt 1 item 2 amended by No. 67/2009 s. 14(3)(4).\n\n\t2 Undertakings for registered person applicants who are not Commonwealth scheme participants\n\n(a) will, as soon as reasonably practicable, after becoming a Commonwealth scheme participant notify the ESC of that fact; and\n\n(b) will, as soon as reasonably practicable after becoming a Commonwealth scheme participant, provide to the ESC evidence, in writing, that the applicant has agreed with the Commonwealth Regulator for the Commonwealth Regulator to divulge or communicate, to the ESC, protected information concerning the applicant or any other information held by the Commonwealth Regulator; and\n\n(c) will not create, while a Commonwealth scheme participant, a Commonwealth certificate, before 1 February 2010, in relation to a small generation unit installed before 1 February 2010, if a certificate is created under section 32 in relation to that small generation unit; and\n\n(d) as an owner of a small generation unit installed before 1 February 2010, will not cause another person who is also—\n\n(i) an owner of the small generation unit; and\n\n(ii) a Commonwealth scheme participant—\n\nto create, while a Commonwealth scheme participant, a Commonwealth certificate, before 1 February 2010, in relation to the small generation unit if a certificate is created under section 32 in relation to that small generation unit.\n\n","sortOrder":127},{"sectionNumber":"Part 2","sectionType":"part","heading":"Undertakings to be given by accredited power station applicants","content":"Part 2—Undertakings to be given by accredited power station applicants\n\nSch. Pt 2 item 3 amended by No. 67/2009 s. 15(1)(2).\n\n\t3 Undertakings for applicants who are Commonwealth scheme participants\n\n(a) will not create, while a Commonwealth scheme participant, a Commonwealth certificate in relation to electricity generated before 1 February 2010 utilising scheme capacity if a certificate is created under section 26 utilising that scheme capacity;\n\n(b) will not cause a stakeholder who is a Commonwealth scheme participant to create, while a Commonwealth scheme participant, a Commonwealth certificate in relation to electricity generated before 1 February 2010 utilising scheme capacity if a certificate is created under section 26 utilising that scheme capacity.\n\nSch. Pt 2 item 4 amended by No. 67/2009 s. 15(3)(4).\n\n\t4 Undertakings for applicants who are not Commonwealth scheme participants\n\n(a) will, as soon as reasonably practicable, after becoming a Commonwealth scheme participant notify the ESC of that fact; and\n\n(b) will, as soon as reasonably practicable after becoming a Commonwealth scheme participant, provide to the ESC evidence, in writing, that the applicant has agreed with the Commonwealth Regulator for the Commonwealth Regulator to divulge or communicate to the ESC—\n\n(i) protected information concerning the applicant; or\n\n(ii) any other information held by the Commonwealth Regulator; and\n\n(c) will, as soon as reasonably practicable after becoming a Commonwealth scheme participant who is a Commonwealth nominated person, provide to the ESC evidence, in writing, that the persons specified in the application in accordance with section 15(2)(c) have agreed with the applicant that they will each agree with the Commonwealth Regulator for the Commonwealth Regulator to divulge or communicate to the ESC—\n\n(i) protected information concerning them; or\n\n(ii) any other information held by the Commonwealth Regulator; and\n\n(d) will, as soon as reasonably practicable after becoming a Commonwealth scheme participant who is a Commonwealth nominated person, provide to the ESC evidence, in writing, that the applicant has agreed with the Commonwealth Regulator for the Commonwealth Regulator to divulge or communicate to the ESC information about any of the components of the electricity generation system that became a Commonwealth scheme power station; and\n\n(e) will not create, while a Commonwealth scheme participant, a Commonwealth certificate in relation to electricity generated before 1 February 2010 utilising scheme capacity if a certificate is created under section 26 utilising that scheme capacity; and\n\n(f) will not cause a stakeholder who is a Commonwealth scheme participant to create, while a Commonwealth scheme participant, a Commonwealth certificate in relation to electricity generated before 1 February 2010 utilising scheme capacity if a certificate is created under section 26 utilising that scheme capacity.\n\nEndnotes\n\n1 General information\n\nSee [www.legislation.vic.gov.au](http://www.legislation.vic.gov.au) for Victorian Bills, Acts and current Versions of legislation and up-to-date legislative information.\n\n*Minister's second reading speech—*\n\n*Legislative Assembly: 20 July 2006*\n\n*Legislative Council: 22 August 2006*\n\nThe long title for the Bill for this Act was \"to promote the development of renewable energy generation through the establishment of a scheme that provides for the creation and acquisition of renewable energy certificates and requires the surrender of renewable energy certificates and for other purposes.\"\n\nThe **Victorian Renewable Energy Act 2006** was assented to on 19 September 2006 and came into operation on 1 January 2007: section 2(2).\n\nINTERPRETATION OF LEGISLATION ACT 1984 (ILA)\n\nStyle changes\n\nSection 54A of the ILA authorises the making of the style changes set out in Schedule 1 to that Act.\n\nReferences to ILA s. 39B\n\nSidenotes which cite ILA s. 39B refer to section 39B of the ILA which provides that where an undivided section or clause of a Schedule is amended by the insertion of one or more subsections or subclauses, the original section or clause becomes subsection or subclause (1) and is amended by the insertion of the expression \"(1)\" at the beginning of the original section or clause.\n\nInterpretation\n\nAs from 1 January 2001, amendments to section 36 of the ILA have the following effects:\n\n• Headings\n\nAll headings included in an Act which is passed on or after 1 January 2001 form part of that Act. Any heading inserted in an Act which was passed before 1 January 2001, by an Act passed on or after 1 January 2001, forms part of that Act. This includes headings to Parts, Divisions or Subdivisions in a Schedule; sections; clauses; items; tables; columns; examples; diagrams; notes or forms. See section 36(1A)(2A).\n\n• Examples, diagrams or notes\n\nAll examples, diagrams or notes included in an Act which is passed on or after 1 January 2001 form part of that Act. Any examples, diagrams or notes inserted in an Act which was passed before 1 January 2001, by an Act passed on or after 1 January 2001, form part of that Act. See section 36(3A).\n\n• Punctuation\n\nAll punctuation included in an Act which is passed on or after 1 January 2001 forms part of that Act. Any punctuation inserted in an Act which was passed before 1 January 2001, by an Act passed on or after 1 January 2001, forms part of that Act. See section 36(3B).\n\n• Provision numbers\n\nAll provision numbers included in an Act form part of that Act, whether inserted in the Act before, on or after 1 January 2001. Provision numbers include section numbers, subsection numbers, paragraphs and subparagraphs. See section 36(3C).\n\n• Location of \"legislative items\"\n\nA \"legislative item\" is a penalty, an example or a note. As from 13 October 2004, a legislative item relating to a provision of an Act is taken to be at the foot of that provision even if it is preceded or followed by another legislative item that relates to that provision. For example, if a penalty at the foot of a provision is followed by a note, both of these legislative items will be regarded as being at the foot of that provision. See section 36B.\n\n• Other material\n\nAny explanatory memorandum, table of provisions, endnotes, index and other material printed after the Endnotes does not form part of an Act.  \nSee section 36(3)(3D)(3E).\n\n2 Table of Amendments\n\nThis publication incorporates amendments made to the **Victorian Renewable Energy Act 2006** by Acts and subordinate instruments.\n\n–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––\n\n**Statute Law Revision Act 2007, No. 28/2007**\n\n| Assent Date: | 26.6.07 |\n| Commencement Date: | S. 3(Sch. item 73) on 27.6.07: s. 2(1) |\n| Current State: | This information relates only to the provision/s amending the **Victorian Renewable Energy Act 2006** |\n\n**Energy Legislation Amendment (Australian Energy Market Operator) Act 2009, No. 23/2009**\n\n| Assent Date: | 17.6.09 |\n| Commencement Date: | S. 36 on 1.7.09: Special Gazette (No. 222) 30.6.09 p. 1 |\n| Current State: | This information relates only to the provision/s amending the **Victorian Renewable Energy Act 2006** |\n\n**Victorian Renewable Energy Amendment Act 2009, No. 67/2009**\n\n| Assent Date: | 17.11.09 |\n| Commencement Date: | Ss 4–15 on 10.12.09: Government Gazette 10.12.09 pp 3215, 3216 |\n| Current State: | This information relates only to the provision/s amending the **Victorian Renewable Energy Act 2006** |\n\n**Energy and Resources Legislation Amendment Act 2010, No. 55/2010**\n\n| Assent Date: | 14.9.10 |\n| Commencement Date: | S. 86 on 14.10.10: Government Gazette 14.10.10 p. 2404 |\n| Current State: | This information relates only to the provision/s amending the **Victorian Renewable Energy Act 2006** |\n\n**Treasury Legislation and Other Acts Amendment Act 2014, No. 44/2014**\n\n| *Assent Date:* | 27.6.14 |\n| *Commencement Date:* | S. 33(Sch. item 33) on 30.6.14: s. 2(5) |\n| *Current State:* | This information relates only to the provision/s amending the **Victorian Renewable Energy Act 2006** |\n\n**Oaths and Affirmations Act 2018, No. 6/2018**\n\n| Assent Date: | 27.2.18 |\n| Commencement Date: | S. 68(Sch. 2 item 136) on 1.3.19: s. 2(2) |\n| Current State: | This information relates only to the provision/s amending the **Victorian Renewable Energy Act 2006** |\n\n**Essential Services Commission (Compliance and Enforcement Powers) Amendment Act 2021, No. 41/2021**\n\n| Assent Date: | 19.10.21 |\n| Commencement Date: | Ss 78–81 on 1.12.21: Special Gazette (No. 673) 30.11.21 p. 1 |\n| Current State: | This information relates only to the provision/s amending the **Victorian Renewable Energy Act 2006** |\n\n–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––\n\n3 Amendments Not in Operation\n\nThis version does not contain amendments that are not yet in operation.\n\n4 Explanatory details\n\nNo entries at the date of publication.","sortOrder":128}],"analysis":{"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"A positive credit balance is required for all requests, including BYOK, so fallback providers remain available. Add credits at https://vercel.com/d?to=%2F%5Bteam%5D%2F%7E%2Fai%3Fmodal%3Dtop-up to continue.","source":"analysis-cron"},"summary":{"complexity_score":4,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"Insufficient text was provided to determine whether the Act's scope changed from its original intent. The metadata indicates it has been consolidated (updated over time), which commonly reflects amendments that may expand or refine original scope, but this cannot be confirmed from the available content."},"complexity_factors":["Insufficient legislative text provided — only metadata and version history visible, preventing full complexity assessment","Energy regulation typically involves interaction with Commonwealth legislation (e.g., National Electricity Law) adding jurisdictional complexity","Renewable energy certificate schemes often involve technical definitions and market mechanisms that can be difficult to follow","Likely cross-references to other Victorian and federal energy laws","Regulatory compliance obligations on businesses may involve multi-step administrative processes"],"plain_english_summary":"The Victorian Renewable Energy Act 2006 sets a legal framework to promote and support renewable electricity in Victoria. It affects energy retailers, generators, consumers and renewable project developers by creating obligations and mechanisms—likely including targets, certificates or licensing—to steer how electricity is sourced and supplied. \n\nIt matters because it shapes Victoria’s shift to cleaner power, influencing what plants get built, consumer costs and the state’s longer‑term environmental commitments."},"issue_detection":{"absurdities":[],"contradictions":[]},"kimi_summary":{"_metrics":{"completionTokens":834},"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":7,"scope_assessment":{"changed":true,"description":"The original 2006 Act established an ongoing renewable energy certificate scheme. However, the 2009 amendments (Victorian Renewable Energy Amendment Act 2009) fundamentally altered the scope by inserting sunset provisions that terminated the scheme on 1 February 2010. The amendments added multiple cut-off dates, prohibited new applications for provisional accreditation and accreditation after December 2009, and transformed the Act from a permanent scheme into a transitional mechanism that would phase out and be replaced by the expanded Commonwealth scheme. The 2021 amendments further adjusted enforcement funding mechanisms. The Act's scope shifted from creating a permanent state-based renewable energy market to managing a temporary bridge arrangement during a brief overlap period with the national scheme."},"complexity_factors":["Extensive cross-referencing with the Commonwealth Renewable Energy (Electricity) Act 2000 to prevent double-counting of certificates","Multiple overlapping registration and accreditation pathways (registered persons, nominated persons, accredited power stations, small generation units)","Complex temporal restrictions with multiple cut-off dates (1 January 2007, 1 January 2009, 1 February 2010) affecting certificate creation rights differently","Detailed formulae for calculating renewable energy shortfalls, including carried forward surpluses and rounding rules","Nested conditional logic for when certificates may be created — different rules for pre-2009 vs post-2009 generation, and different rules for accredited power stations vs small generation units","47 defined terms in section 3, many with their own internal definitions or cross-references to other sections","Multiple enforcement mechanisms: civil penalties, criminal offences, certificate surrender notices, court orders, and administrative suspensions","ESC rule-making powers under section 113 that can modify or extend definitions and requirements without legislative amendment"],"plain_english_summary":"**What this law does:**\n\nThis Act created a **renewable energy certificate scheme** that ran in Victoria from 2007 to 2010. It was designed to boost investment in renewable energy by requiring electricity retailers and large users to source a percentage of their electricity from renewable sources.\n\n**How it worked:**\n\n- **Power stations** (like wind or solar farms) and **small generation units** (like rooftop solar panels) could be accredited to create **renewable energy certificates** — one certificate per megawatt-hour (MWh) of clean electricity generated\n- These certificates could be **sold or traded** to electricity retailers\n- **Electricity retailers** and large users who bought electricity had to **surrender enough certificates each year** to meet their renewable energy target, or pay a **penalty** (around $43 per MWh shortfall, adjusted for inflation)\n\n**Key features:**\n\n- The scheme **overlapped with the Commonwealth's national scheme** but had special rules to prevent double-dipping — you couldn't claim certificates under both schemes for the same electricity\n- The **Essential Services Commission (ESC)** ran the scheme: accrediting power stations, registering participants, maintaining public registers, and enforcing penalties\n- The scheme **ended on 1 February 2010** — no new certificates could be created after that date\n- **Eligible renewable sources** included wind, solar, hydro, geothermal, biomass, landfill gas, and various waste products\n\n**Who it affected:**\n\n- Renewable energy generators (who could earn extra income from selling certificates)\n- Electricity retailers and large industrial users (who had to buy certificates or pay penalties)\n- The ESC, which administered the scheme\n\n**Why it mattered:**\n\nThis was Victoria's attempt to drive renewable energy investment and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, operating alongside (and slightly differently to) the national Renewable Energy Target. It provided a financial incentive for building clean energy infrastructure, particularly before the national scheme expanded."},"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":8,"scope_assessment":{"changed":true,"description":"Yes. The current version materially narrowed the Act’s operational scope compared with the original instrument of creating an ongoing, state‑level REC market. Most importantly, certificate creation under the Victorian scheme was time‑limited and ceased for generation on or after 1 February 2010 (section 37), and the statutory prohibition on renewable energy certificate shortfalls does not apply in 2010 or any later year (section 61(2)). Amendments also integrated the scheme with the Commonwealth arrangement (multiple provisions and required undertakings to avoid double‑counting—see sections 5, 9, 12, 16, 28, 34 and the Schedule). Mechanically, the Act has therefore shifted from creating a sustained market to administering, auditing and enforcing legacy certificate positions and coordinating with the Commonwealth scheme; remaining scope is concentrated on registration/ accreditation, record keeping, audits, enforcement of past issuance, and public reporting rather than ongoing certificate minting."},"complexity_factors":["Lengthy Act with 14 Parts and over 110 sections (Parts 1–14 and Schedule)","Large interpretation section with dozens of defined terms and cross‑definitions (section 3 and many definitions referencing Commonwealth scheme terms)","Multiple conditional time limits and expiry windows (e.g. creation windows and the 1 February 2010 cut‑off: sections 26–27, 30–37)","Extensive cross‑jurisdictional and inter‑scheme interaction (frequent cross‑references to the Commonwealth Renewable Energy (Electricity) Act 2000, Commonwealth Regulator, AEMO and approved interstate regimes: sections 5, 9, 12, 16, 28, 34, Schedule)","Delegated and discretionary rule‑making (broad ESC rule‑making powers and Governor in Council Orders with substantive effect: sections 65, 113, 24, 57)","Nested enforcement pathways with civil penalties, certificate surrender notices and court orders (Parts 4–6: sections 61–74)","Detailed compliance architecture: registers, audits, audited returns, record‑keeping and fees (sections 29, 36, 41, 79–84, 111–112)","Complex monitoring and search powers including warrants, electronic evidence powers and protections against self‑incrimination (Part 11: sections 85–104)","Multiple exceptions and exclusions to acquisition definitions (standard scheme, notional, excluded acquisitions and Governor in Council discretions: sections 54–59, 56–57)"],"plain_english_summary":"**What this law does (mechanics first)**\n\n- Establishes a state-level market for renewable energy certificates (RECs): it sets out how RECs are created, registered, transferred, surrendered (retired) and recorded in registers maintained by the Essential Services Commission (ESC) (Parts 2, 9; Divisions 4–7).  \n- Requires those who acquire electricity under the scheme (called \"relevant entities\") to surrender RECs in proportion to their electricity acquisitions, and imposes a monetary penalty where a shortfall exists (Part 4; sections 60–66, 62–64).  \n- Gives the ESC the day-to-day powers to register people and power stations, accredit stations and nominated persons, maintain registers, audit returns, make rules, investigate and enforce compliance, issue monitoring warrants and publish information (Parts 2, 7–11, 76, 77, 113).  \n- Supplies administrative detail: who can apply, application contents, time limits for decisions, audit and record-keeping requirements, how certificate identifiers are formed, and fees for services (sections 8–21, 26–41, 29, 36, 111–112).  \n\n**Who is affected**\n\n- Owners/operators of renewable generation: they can apply for accreditation and, while the right existed, create RECs for eligible renewable generation (Divisions 2–4; sections 15–26).  \n- Small generation unit owners: special rules on eligibility, how many certificates can be created and transfer/assignment of rights (Subdivision 2; sections 30–36).  \n- Electricity purchasers and self‑generators using electricity in Victoria (\"relevant entities\"): required to lodge annual energy acquisition statements, surrender qualifying certificates and face penalties for shortfalls (Part 4; sections 60–67).  \n- The Essential Services Commission (ESC): given responsibility to administer the scheme, set rules, supervise accreditation, enforce penalties and maintain public registers (sections 76, 113, 79–84).  \n- The Minister and Governor in Council: able to approve interstate renewable regimes and set the yearly renewable power percentage and updates to required GWh (sections 5, 65–66).  \n\n**Why it matters (stated purpose and operational test)**\n\n- The Act’s stated purpose is to promote additional renewable electricity generation and investment by creating a tradable certificate mechanism and tying certificates to electricity acquisitions (section 1; objects in section 4).  \n- Mechanically this works by creating property-like certificates that can be bought, sold and surrendered to meet compliance obligations; penalties ($43/MWh adjusted by CPI, see section 63) provide the enforcement stick if purchasers don’t surrender enough certificates (sections 26, 62–64).  \n\n**Practical effects, incentives and trade‑offs (with section references)**\n\n- Concentrated benefits and diffuse costs: certificate creators (owners/operators of accredited stations or assigned owners of small units) obtain saleable certificates (revenue stream); the cost is borne by electricity purchasers (relevant entities) who must secure and surrender certificates or pay a penalty (sections 26, 32, 62–64, 67).  \n- Compliance and administrative costs: registration, accreditation, audited returns and record-keeping impose ongoing compliance costs on both creators and purchasers (applications, audits, record retention—see sections 8, 15, 29, 36, 111, 112).  \n- Bureaucratic discretion and delegation risk: the ESC makes detailed rules (section 113) and the Governor in Council can set percentages and approve interstate regimes (sections 5, 65). Those discretions affect eligibility definitions, how generation is measured, and which acquisitions are excluded—so regulatory choices materially shape market outcomes (sections 22–25, 56–59, 113).  \n- Interaction with Commonwealth scheme: the Act contains multiple cross‑checks to avoid double‑counting where Commonwealth RECs exist and requires undertakings and information sharing with the Commonwealth Regulator; this imposes coordination obligations on applicants and limits on creating overlapping certificates (section 5; sections 9, 12, 16, 28, 34; Schedule).  \n- Anti‑gaming and enforcement features: the ESC can suspend registrations/accreditations where it suspects gaming arrangements or breaches and may require surrender of improperly created certificates (sections 46–51, 72–74). This creates an enforcement threat which deters manipulation but places investigatory burdens on the regulator.  \n- Market effects and substitution: the Minister can approve interstate regimes (section 5) and the ESC rules can adopt external standards or documents (section 113(3)), so participants may shift behaviour across jurisdictions or schemes in response to costs and rules.  \n\n**Limits and implementation risks**\n\n- Time-limited certificate creation: the Act (as amended) provides that certificate creation under the scheme ended on and after 1 February 2010 (section 37). That means the Act’s active market‑creating function was effectively time-limited and much of the remaining regime is administrative, monitoring and legacy enforcement (see also sections 26–27 on creation windows).  \n- Residual enforcement and legacy obligations remain: although creation ceased, the ESC retains powers to enforce shortfalls, order surrender of improperly created certificates and maintain registers (Parts 4, 6, 7, 9). Implementation thus focuses on auditing, adjudicating disputes and dealing with legacy certificates rather than ongoing large-scale certificate minting.  \n- Compliance burden vs. private choice: registration, audit and record‑keeping rules enable measurement and enforcement but add cost and reduce flexibility for small participants (sections 29, 36, 111).  \n\n**Where decision‑making power sits**\n\n- ESC executes most administrative and enforcement decisions (registration, accreditation, audits, rules, monitoring warrants) (sections 10, 13, 17, 29, 41, 76, 85–104, 113).  \n- The Minister and Governor in Council exercise higher-level policy choices—approving interstate regimes and fixing the renewable power percentage or required GWh (sections 5, 65–66).  \n\n**Key statutory references (non-exhaustive)**\n\n- Scheme creation, registration, transfer and retirement of certificates: Part 2 (especially sections 26–45).  \n- Obligations on electricity acquirers, statements and shortfall penalty: Part 4 and Part 5 (sections 60–67).  \n- ESC powers, rules and enforcement: Parts 6, 7, 8 and 11 (sections 70–76, 113, 85–104).  \n- Limits and coordination with Commonwealth scheme: section 5, sections 28 and 34 and the Schedule.  \n\n(For the exact text and cross‑references, see the cited sections above.)"}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/victorian-renewable-energy-act-2006","history":"/api/acts/victorian-renewable-energy-act-2006/history","analysis":"/api/acts/victorian-renewable-energy-act-2006/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/victorian-renewable-energy-act-2006/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/victorian-renewable-energy-act-2006/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/victorian-renewable-energy-act-2006/documents"}}