{"id":"nsw:sl-2005-0850","name":"University of New England By-law 2005","slug":"university-of-new-england-by-law-2005","collection":"regulation","jurisdiction":"nsw","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":"850 of 2005","makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":178704,"registerId":"nsw-nsw:sl-2005-0850-current","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-05","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"Part 1","sectionType":"part","heading":"Preliminary","content":"# Part 1 Preliminary\n\nPart 1 Preliminary","sortOrder":0},{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"Name of By-law","content":"#### 1 Name of By-law\n\n1 Name of By-law\n\n> This By-law is the [University of New England By-law 2005](/view/html/inforce/current/sl-2005-0850).","sortOrder":1},{"sectionNumber":"2","sectionType":"section","heading":"Definitions","content":"#### 2 Definitions\n\n2 Definitions\n\n> > (1) In this By-law:\n> > \n> > the Act means the [University of New England Act 1993](/view/html/inforce/current/act-1993-068).\n> \n> > (2) Where this By-law empowers an authority or officer of the University to make rules, expressions used in any such rule have the same meaning as in the Act or in this By-law.\n> \n> > (3) In this By-law, references to an authority, officer or office are to be construed as references to that authority, officer or office in and of the University.\n> \n> > (4) In this By-law, a reference to the holder of an office is to be construed as including a reference to any person appointed to act for the time being in the place of the holder of the office.","sortOrder":2},{"sectionNumber":"3","sectionType":"section","heading":"Notes","content":"#### 3 Notes\n\n3 Notes\n\n> Notes included in this By-law do not form part of this By-law.","sortOrder":3},{"sectionNumber":"Part 2","sectionType":"part","heading":"Additional members of the University","content":"# Part 2 Additional members of the University\n\nPart 2 Additional members of the University","sortOrder":4},{"sectionNumber":"4","sectionType":"section","heading":"Additional staff members","content":"#### 4 Additional staff members\n\n4 Additional staff members\n\n> The following members of the staff of the University are prescribed as additional members of the University, for the purpose of section 4 (c) of the Act:\n> \n> > (a) the academic staff of the University that are not full-time members of the academic staff or professors,\n> \n> > (b) the non-academic staff of the University.","sortOrder":5},{"sectionNumber":"Part 3","sectionType":"part","heading":"The Council","content":"# Part 3 The Council\n\nPart 3 The Council","sortOrder":6},{"sectionNumber":"Division 1","sectionType":"division","heading":"The Constitution of the Council","content":"## Division 1 The Constitution of the Council\n\nDivision 1 The Constitution of the Council","sortOrder":7},{"sectionNumber":"5","sectionType":"section","heading":"The Chancellor and Deputy Chancellor","content":"#### 5 The Chancellor and Deputy Chancellor\n\n5 The Chancellor and Deputy Chancellor\n\n> > (1) The Chancellor and Deputy Chancellor are to be elected according to procedures determined by the Council.\n> \n> > (2) The Chancellor and Deputy Chancellor may, without specific appointment, exercise the right of membership of any committee of the University.","sortOrder":8},{"sectionNumber":"6","sectionType":"section","heading":"External members","content":"#### 6 External members\n\n6 External members\n\n> > (1) Council is, by acting in accordance with the provisions of Division 3 of this Part, to appoint two external persons as members of the Council under section 8F (1) of the Act.\n> \n> > (2) Two external persons are to be elected to the Council, in accordance with the provisions of Division 2 of this Part, under section 8E (2) (b) of the Act.\n> \n> **cl 6:** Am 2016 (445), Sch 2 \\[1\\] \\[2\\].","sortOrder":9},{"sectionNumber":"7","sectionType":"section","heading":"Terms of office","content":"#### 7 Terms of office\n\n7 Terms of office\n\n> > (1) For the purpose of section 10 (2) of the Act, the prescribed period (being the period for which the Chancellor holds office) is 5 years from the date of election.\n> \n> > (2) A member of the Council elected in accordance with section 8D (1) (a)–(c) of the Act holds office for a term of 2 years from the date of election.\n> \n> > (3) A member of the Council elected in accordance with section 8E (2) (a) of the Act holds office for a period of 4 years from the date of election.\n> \n> **cl 7:** Am 2016 (445), Sch 2 \\[3\\]–\\[5\\].","sortOrder":10},{"sectionNumber":"8","sectionType":"section","heading":"Casual vacancy","content":"#### 8 Casual vacancy\n\n8 Casual vacancy\n\n> > (1) If a casual vacancy in the office of a member of the Council elected pursuant to section 8D (1) (a), (b) or (c) or 8E (2) (a) of the Act occurs within the first 12 months of the term of that office, the Council is to appoint as a member of the Council the candidate, if any, who in the election immediately preceding the occurrence of the vacancy received the greatest number of votes of the candidates for that office who were not elected and who remain qualified to hold that office. The candidate holds office for the remainder of the term of office of the candidate’s predecessor.\n> \n> > (2) If a casual vacancy in the office of a member of the Council elected pursuant to section 8D (1) (a), (b) or (c) or 8E (2) (a) of the Act occurs otherwise than within the first 12 months of the term of that office, or if a vacancy occurring within those 12 months cannot be filled under subclause (1), the Council must, as soon as practicable after the vacancy occurs, appoint a member (being a person qualified to hold that office) for the remainder of the term of office.\n> \n> **cl 8:** Am 2016 (445), Sch 2 \\[6\\].","sortOrder":11},{"sectionNumber":"Division 2","sectionType":"division","heading":"Election of members of the Council","content":"## Division 2 Election of members of the Council\n\nDivision 2 Election of members of the Council","sortOrder":12},{"sectionNumber":"9","sectionType":"section","heading":"Returning Officer","content":"#### 9 Returning Officer\n\n9 Returning Officer\n\n> > (1) An election of any elected member of the Council is to be conducted by the Secretary to the Council who is to be the Returning Officer for the election.\n> \n> > (2) Subject to the provisions of the Act and this Division, the decision of the Returning Officer on all matters affecting the eligibility of candidates and the conduct and results of an election is to be final.\n> \n> > (3) The Returning Officer is to appoint a Deputy Returning Officer, and may appoint further Deputy Returning Officers, and other persons, to assist the Returning Officer in the conduct of all or any part of an election.\n> \n> > (4) An election is not invalid because of any failure from any cause to comply with a procedural requirement, or because of any mistake in the keeping of records or the sending of voting papers.","sortOrder":13},{"sectionNumber":"10","sectionType":"section","heading":"Rolls","content":"#### 10 Rolls\n\n10 Rolls\n\n> The Returning Officer is to obtain the following separate Rolls at the time of calling for nominations:\n> \n> > (a) a Roll of Academic Staff containing the names and addresses of those persons who are members of the academic staff of the University, employed half-time or greater than half-time, and who have had at least 12 months service at the University,\n> \n> > (b) a Roll of Non-Academic Staff containing the names and addresses of those persons who are members of the non-academic staff of the University employed half-time or greater than half-time, and who have had at least 12 months service at the University, and whose names are not entered on the Roll of Academic Staff,\n> \n> > (c) a Roll of Undergraduate Students containing the names and addresses of those persons enrolled as candidates proceeding to a bachelor’s degree (including bachelor’s honours), or diploma or certificate of the University, other than a graduate diploma or graduate certificate, and whose names are not entered on the Roll of Academic Staff or the Roll of Non-Academic Staff or the Roll of Postgraduate Students,\n> \n> > (d) a Roll of Postgraduate Students containing the names and addresses of those persons enrolled as candidates proceeding to a degree or diploma or certificate other than a bachelor’s degree, bachelor’s honours degree, or non-graduate diploma or non-graduate certificate, and whose names are not entered on the Roll of Academic Staff, or the Roll of Non-Academic Staff or the Roll of Undergraduate Students,\n> \n> > (e) a Roll of Graduates containing the names and addresses of those persons who have completed the requirements for a course at the University and who have been admitted to the award, and whose names are not entered on the Roll of Academic Staff, or the Roll of Non-Academic Staff or the Roll of Undergraduate Students or the Roll of Postgraduate Students.","sortOrder":14},{"sectionNumber":"11","sectionType":"section","heading":"Qualifications for elected members","content":"#### 11 Qualifications for elected members\n\n11 Qualifications for elected members\n\n> > (1) The qualification for election for a member of the Council referred to in section 8D (1) (a) of the Act is that the member must have his or her name entered on the Roll of Academic Staff at the time of the call for nominations for the election.\n> \n> > (2) The qualification for election for the member of the Council referred to in section 8D (1) (b) of the Act is that the member must have his or her name entered on the Roll of Non-Academic Staff at the time of the call for nominations for the election.\n> \n> > (3) The qualification for election for the member of the Council referred to in section 8D (1) (c) of the Act is that the member must have his or her name entered on the Roll of Undergraduate Students or on the Roll of Postgraduate Students at the time of the call for nominations for the election.\n> \n> > (4), (5) (Repealed)\n> \n> > (6) A person who wishes to stand for election to Council and is eligible to do so by reason of having his or her name on more than one roll, may only accept nomination in one capacity.\n> \n> > (7) In this clause, a reference to the call for nominations for the election is a reference to the date on which the notice is published under clause 3 of Schedule 1.\n> \n> **cl 11:** Am 2016 (445), Sch 2 \\[7\\]–\\[11\\].","sortOrder":15},{"sectionNumber":"12","sectionType":"section","heading":"Qualifications to vote","content":"#### 12 Qualifications to vote\n\n12 Qualifications to vote\n\n> > (1) An academic staff member is qualified to vote in an election for a member of the Council referred to in section 8D (1) (a) of the Act if his or her name is entered on the Roll of Academic Staff at the time of the call for nominations for the election.\n> \n> > (2) A non-academic staff member is qualified to vote in an election for the member of the Council referred to in section 8D (1) (b) of the Act if his or her name is entered on the Roll of Non-Academic Staff at the time of the call for nominations for the election.\n> \n> > (3) An undergraduate student or a postgraduate student is qualified to vote in an election for the member of the Council referred to in section 8D (1) (c) of the Act if his or her name is entered on the Roll of Undergraduate Students or on the Roll of Postgraduate Students, respectively, at the time of the call for nominations for the election.\n> \n> > (4), (5) (Repealed)\n> \n> > (6) In this clause, a reference to the call for nominations for the election is a reference to the date on which the notice is published under clause 3 of Schedule 1.\n> \n> **cl 12:** Am 2016 (445), Sch 2 \\[7\\] \\[8\\] \\[10\\] \\[12\\]–\\[14\\].","sortOrder":16},{"sectionNumber":"13","sectionType":"section","heading":"Election procedure","content":"#### 13 Election procedure\n\n13 Election procedure\n\n> Subject to the provisions of this Division, an election is to be conducted by secret ballot in accordance with the procedures set out in Schedule 1.","sortOrder":17},{"sectionNumber":"Division 3","sectionType":"division","heading":"Appointment of members of the Council","content":"## Division 3 Appointment of members of the Council\n\nDivision 3 Appointment of members of the Council","sortOrder":18},{"sectionNumber":"14","sectionType":"section","heading":"Nomination procedures relating to appointed members","content":"#### 14 Nomination procedures relating to appointed members\n\n14 Nomination procedures relating to appointed members\n\n> > (1) The Council is to establish a Council Nominations Committee consisting of such persons as are determined by the Council.\n> \n> > (2) At least 3 months before the term of office of a member of Council appointed under section 8F or 8G of the Act expires, the Council is to propose the names of persons who may be suitable for nomination for appointment as such a member and forward the proposals to the Council Nominations Committee.\n> \n> > (3) The Committee is to consider the proposals from the Council and determine which persons are to be nominated:\n> > \n> > > (a) for consideration for appointment by the Minister, or\n> > \n> > > (b) for appointment by the Council,\n> > \n> > (as the case may be), and is to recommend the length of appointment for each such person.\n> \n> > (4) The Committee is to forward its nominations:\n> > \n> > > (a) in relation to appointments under section 8G of the Act, to the Council for presentation by the Chancellor to the Minister, and\n> > \n> > > (b) in relation to appointments under section 8F of the Act, to the Council.\n> \n> **cl 14:** Am 2016 (445), Sch 2 \\[15\\]–\\[17\\].","sortOrder":19},{"sectionNumber":"15","sectionType":"section","heading":"Appointment procedure for members appointed by Council","content":"#### 15 Appointment procedure for members appointed by Council\n\n15 Appointment procedure for members appointed by Council\n\n> If the Council receives, in accordance with clause 14 (4) (b), more nominations for appointment than there are positions available, the Council is to determine which persons are to be appointed to the Council.","sortOrder":20},{"sectionNumber":"Part 4","sectionType":"part","heading":"Convocation","content":"# Part 4 Convocation\n\nPart 4 Convocation","sortOrder":21},{"sectionNumber":"16","sectionType":"section","heading":"Additional staff members of Convocation","content":"#### 16 Additional staff members of Convocation\n\n16 Additional staff members of Convocation\n\n> > (1) The following members of the staff of the University are prescribed as members of Convocation for the purpose of section 14 (1) (c) of the Act:\n> > \n> > > (a) staff whose period of service with the University is at least 12 months,\n> > \n> > > (b) staff who are invited by the Council to be a member of Convocation or who are part of a group of staff that is invited by the Council to be a member of Convocation.\n> \n> > (2) For the purpose of section 14 (1) (d) of the Act, the Council may, by resolution, admit as members of Convocation such persons who the Council considers to have given outstanding service to the University or to be specially qualified to advance the interests of the University.","sortOrder":22},{"sectionNumber":"17","sectionType":"section","heading":"Function of Convocation","content":"#### 17 Function of Convocation\n\n17 Function of Convocation\n\n> The function of Convocation is to submit to the Council such proposals as Convocation considers appropriate with respect to the interests of the University.","sortOrder":23},{"sectionNumber":"18","sectionType":"section","heading":"Quorum for meetings of Convocation","content":"#### 18 Quorum for meetings of Convocation\n\n18 Quorum for meetings of Convocation\n\n> A quorum for a general meeting of Convocation is 100 members.","sortOrder":24},{"sectionNumber":"Part 5","sectionType":"part","heading":"Academic Board","content":"# Part 5 Academic Board\n\nPart 5 Academic Board","sortOrder":25},{"sectionNumber":"19","sectionType":"section","heading":"Academic Board Membership","content":"#### 19 Academic Board Membership\n\n19 Academic Board Membership\n\n> > (1) For the purpose of section 15 (1) (b) of the Act, the Council may determine any of the following to be members of the Academic Board:\n> > \n> > > (a) a Pro Vice-Chancellor,\n> > \n> > > (b) an Executive Dean or Associate Dean of any faculty,\n> > \n> > > (c) the head of an academic school,\n> > \n> > > (d) such officers of the University as may be prescribed by the rules,\n> > \n> > > (e) such elected members as may be prescribed by the rules of the University.\n> \n> > (2) An officer, or class of officers, may be prescribed by the rules to be an Observer at Academic Board, with the right of attendance and debate at meetings of the Academic Board only.","sortOrder":26},{"sectionNumber":"20","sectionType":"section","heading":"Academic Board Executive","content":"#### 20 Academic Board Executive\n\n20 Academic Board Executive\n\n> > (1) There is to be an Executive of the Academic Board consisting of the Chair and two Deputy Chairs elected by the Board.\n> \n> > (2) A Chair or Deputy Chair must be a Professor or Associate Professor who is a member of the Academic Board.\n> \n> > (3) The method of election and the term of office of the members of the Academic Board Executive may be prescribed by the rules.\n> \n> > (4) The functions of the Academic Board Executive may be prescribed by the rules.","sortOrder":27},{"sectionNumber":"21","sectionType":"section","heading":"Primary function of Academic Board","content":"#### 21 Primary function of Academic Board\n\n21 Primary function of Academic Board\n\n> The Academic Board is to report to the Council and advise the Council and the Vice-Chancellor on all developments and initiatives relating to and affecting the University’s teaching and research activities and its educational programs.","sortOrder":28},{"sectionNumber":"22","sectionType":"section","heading":"Additional functions of Academic Board","content":"#### 22 Additional functions of Academic Board\n\n22 Additional functions of Academic Board\n\n> The Academic Board has such additional functions as may be prescribed by the rules.","sortOrder":29},{"sectionNumber":"23","sectionType":"section","heading":"Committees","content":"#### 23 Committees\n\n23 Committees\n\n> The Academic Board may establish such committees as it considers necessary to carry out its business and may establish terms of reference for such committees.","sortOrder":30},{"sectionNumber":"24","sectionType":"section","heading":"Quorum for meetings of Academic Board","content":"#### 24 Quorum for meetings of Academic Board\n\n24 Quorum for meetings of Academic Board\n\n> At any meeting of the Academic Board or its Committees, one half of the voting membership plus one constitutes a quorum.","sortOrder":31},{"sectionNumber":"Part 6","sectionType":"part","heading":"Rules","content":"# Part 6 Rules\n\nPart 6 Rules","sortOrder":32},{"sectionNumber":"25","sectionType":"section","heading":"Making of rules","content":"#### 25 Making of rules\n\n25 Making of rules\n\n> > (1) The Council is empowered to make rules not inconsistent with the Act or this By-law for or with respect to any or all of the matters for or with respect to which By-laws may be made, except for those matters excluded under section 29 of the Act.\n> \n> > (2) The Vice-Chancellor may, with the consent of the Council, make rules about any subject matter for or with respect to which the Council may make rules.","sortOrder":33},{"sectionNumber":"26","sectionType":"section","heading":"Publication of rules","content":"#### 26 Publication of rules\n\n26 Publication of rules\n\n> As soon as possible after a rule is made or amended, it must be submitted to the Council for ratification, and promulgated by publication in the University Handbook and on the website of the University.\n> \n> Note—\n> \n> Section 29 (2) (c) of the Act provides that a rule takes effect on the day on which it is published or on such later day as may be specified in the rule.","sortOrder":34},{"sectionNumber":"27","sectionType":"section","heading":"Inconsistency between rules","content":"#### 27 Inconsistency between rules\n\n27 Inconsistency between rules\n\n> In the event of an inconsistency between rules, a rule of the Council will prevail to the extent of the inconsistency.","sortOrder":35},{"sectionNumber":"Part 7","sectionType":"part","heading":"Miscellaneous","content":"# Part 7 Miscellaneous\n\nPart 7 Miscellaneous","sortOrder":36},{"sectionNumber":"28","sectionType":"section","heading":"Repeal","content":"#### 28 Repeal\n\n28 Repeal\n\n> > (1) The [University of New England By-law](/view/html/repealed/current/sl-1996-0057) is repealed.\n> \n> > (2) Any act, matter or thing that, immediately before the revocation of the By-law specified in subclause (1), had effect under that By-law is taken to have effect under this By-law.","sortOrder":37},{"sectionNumber":"Schedule 1","sectionType":"schedule","heading":"Procedures for the conduct of elections for members of the Council","content":"# Schedule 1 Procedures for the conduct of elections for members of the Council\n\nSchedule 1 Procedures for the conduct of elections for members of the Council\n\n(Clause 13)\n\n**sch 1:** Am 2016 (445), Sch 2 \\[6\\]–\\[10\\] \\[18\\]–\\[20\\].","sortOrder":38}],"analysis":{"issue_detection":{"absurdities":[],"contradictions":[]},"summary":{"complexity_score":3,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"Based on the available metadata, the by-law appears to have remained within its original scope as an internal governance instrument for the University of New England. The single amendment in 2016 does not appear to have expanded or fundamentally altered the by-law's purpose. However, the absence of actual legislative text makes a definitive scope assessment impossible."},"complexity_factors":["Insufficient legislative content was provided to assess substantive complexity — only metadata and navigation elements were included","University by-laws are generally moderately technical due to cross-referencing with the parent University Act and other regulations","Institutional governance structures (such as councils, committees and appeals bodies) can introduce procedural complexity","The by-law has had limited amendment history (one amendment in 2016), suggesting relatively stable and contained content","Applies to a defined and identifiable group (UNE students, staff, and the institution itself), which limits complexity of scope"],"plain_english_summary":"The University of New England By-law 2005 is an internal rulebook for UNE’s operations in Armidale, NSW, governing students, staff, academic employees and the university’s governing bodies. It typically sets rules on conduct, governance, use of facilities, fees and appeals, and so directly shapes rights and obligations on campus. The version in force dates from 15 July 2016; the full substantive text was not provided."},"kimi_summary":{"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":4,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"The By-law appears to maintain its original scope as a governance and administrative instrument for the University of New England. The 2016 amendments visible in the amendment notes (clauses 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, 14) relate to updating Council membership and election procedures, which falls within the original purpose of establishing university governance structures. No significant scope creep is evident."},"complexity_factors":["Moderate cross-referencing to the University of New England Act 1993 (sections 4, 8D, 8E, 8F, 8G, 10, 14, 15, 29 referenced throughout)","Nested conditional logic in Schedule 1 for election procedures (clauses 5-9) with multiple scenarios (uncontested elections, tie-breaking, rejected votes)","Five separate voter rolls with complex eligibility criteria and mutual exclusivity rules (clause 10)","Dual pathways for filling casual vacancies depending on timing (within vs. after 12 months) in clause 8","Repealed subclauses present (clauses 11(4)-(5), 12(4)-(5), Schedule 1 clause 5(2)(d)-(e)) indicating legislative evolution","Specific procedural requirements for voting security with distinct paper-based and electronic voting tracks (Schedule 1, clause 7)","Approximately 15-20 defined terms or concepts requiring interpretation across the By-law"],"plain_english_summary":"This By-law sets out the internal governance rules for the University of New England (UNE), a public university in New South Wales. It works alongside the main University of New England Act 1993 to fill in operational details.\n\n**Key things this By-law does:**\n\n**Who runs the University**\n- Establishes how the **Council** (the University's governing body) is formed and operates\n- Sets terms of office: the **Chancellor** serves 5 years, elected staff members serve 2–4 years depending on their position\n- Details how **casual vacancies** (when someone leaves mid-term) are filled\n- Creates a **Nominations Committee** to find suitable people for appointed Council positions\n\n**How elections work**\n- Establishes **five voter rolls**: Academic Staff, Non-Academic Staff, Undergraduate Students, Postgraduate Students, and Graduates\n- Sets eligibility rules: generally need to be employed at least half-time with 12 months service (for staff) or be enrolled students\n- Provides detailed **election procedures** in Schedule 1, including:\n  - How nominations work (need two nominators plus written consent)\n  - Timeframes for notices, nominations, and voting (14–28 day windows)\n  - **Secret ballot** requirements with specific security measures for both paper and electronic voting\n  - How votes are counted (highest vote-getters win; ties broken by drawing lots from a hat)\n\n**Other governance bodies**\n- **Convocation**: A body representing graduates and long-serving staff that can make proposals to the Council. Needs 100 people for a quorum (minimum attendance).\n- **Academic Board**: The body overseeing teaching and research, with membership including Pro Vice-Chancellors, Deans, and elected members. Reports to Council and advises on academic matters.\n\n**Making rules**\n- Allows the Council (and the Vice-Chancellor with Council consent) to make **rules** on university matters\n- Rules must be published in the University Handbook and website\n- Council rules beat Vice-Chancellor rules if they conflict\n\n**Why this matters:**\nThis By-law determines who has a say in how UNE operates. It ensures different groups—academics, professional staff, students, and external appointees—have representation on the governing Council. It also protects academic integrity by giving the Academic Board independent oversight of teaching and research, and ensures elections are conducted fairly and secretly."},"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":5,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"The by‑law primarily implements and fills procedural detail required by the University of New England Act 1993 rather than expanding statutory scope. It prescribes membership categories, election mechanics and internal appointment processes, and repeals the earlier by‑law while preserving existing acts (cl 25; cl 28). No provision creates powers beyond the Act’s framework; it operationalises governance within that statutory scope."},"complexity_factors":["Multiple elector Rolls and eligibility rules with cross‑classification restrictions (Schedule 1 cl 10; cl 11–12).","Detailed timeframes and sequencing for elections (Schedule 1 cl 2) and procedural requirements for nominations and withdrawals (Schedule 1 cl 3–4).","Voting security provisions covering both hard‑copy and electronic voting, with separated identity verification (Schedule 1 cl 7(2)–(3)).","Significant discretion and finality vested in the Returning Officer for conduct and eligibility decisions (cl 9(2); Schedule 1 cl 8).","Procedures for filling casual vacancies that prioritise unsuccessful candidates from prior polls within 12 months (cl 8).","Appointment route involving a Council Nominations Committee and Minister/Council recommendations (cl 14–15).","Rule‑making delegation to Council and the Vice‑Chancellor subject to the Act, and requirement to publish rules (cl 25–26).","Cross‑references to the University of New England Act 1993 and prior amendments (multiple clauses note amendments)."],"plain_english_summary":"This by‑law sets out how the University of New England runs its internal governance and member elections. Mechanically it prescribes who counts as members (staff, students, graduates), Council composition and terms, procedures for filling casual vacancies, nomination and appointment processes, and detailed voting and ballot-security rules (hard‑copy and electronic). It affects academic and non‑academic staff, students, graduates, Council members, and university officers because it determines eligibility, voting rolls, administrative roles (Returning Officer, Nominations Committee) and how representative offices are filled."},"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"A positive credit balance is required for all requests, including BYOK, so fallback providers remain available. Add credits at https://vercel.com/d?to=%2F%5Bteam%5D%2F%7E%2Fai%3Fmodal%3Dtop-up to continue.","source":"analysis-cron"}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/university-of-new-england-by-law-2005","history":"/api/acts/university-of-new-england-by-law-2005/history","analysis":"/api/acts/university-of-new-england-by-law-2005/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/university-of-new-england-by-law-2005/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/university-of-new-england-by-law-2005/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/university-of-new-england-by-law-2005/documents"}}