{"id":"C1938A00057","name":"Trade Agreement (Switzerland) Act 1938","slug":"trade-agreement-switzerland-act-1938","collection":"act","jurisdiction":"commonwealth","status":"repealed","isInForce":false,"actNumber":"57 of 1938","makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":3995,"registerId":"commonwealth-C1938A00057-current","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-03-30","status":"Repealed","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"Trade Agreement (Switzerland) Act 1938","content":"TRADE AGREEMENT (SWITZERLAND).\n\nNo. 57 of 1938.\n\nAn Act to approve a Commercial Agreement between the Government of the Commonwealth of Australia and the Swiss Federal Council and certain Undertakings given in relation to that Agreement.\n\n\\[Assented to 10th December, 1938.\\]\n\nBE it enacted by the King’s Most Excellent Majesty, the Senate, and the House of Representatives of the Commonwealth of Australia, as follows:—\n\nShort title.\n\n1. This Act may be cited as the Trade Agreement (Switzerland) Act 1938.\n\nCommencement.\n\n2. This Act shall come into operation on a date to be fixed by Proclamation.\n\nApproval of Agreement and undertakings.\n\n3. The Commercial Agreement made between His Majesty’s Government in the Commonwealth of Australia and the Swiss Federal Council, a copy of which Agreement is set forth in the First Schedule to this Act, and the undertakings given in relation to that Agreement, which undertakings are contained in the letters copies of which are set forth in the Second Schedule to this Act, are hereby approved.\n\n \n\nTHE SCHEDULES.\n\nFIRST SCHEDULE. Sec. 2.\n\nCommercial Agreement between the Commonwealth of Australia and Switzerland.\n\nThe Government of the Commonwealth of Australia and the Swiss Federal Council, desiring to facilitate and extend the commercial relations between Australia and Switzerland, have agreed as follows:—\n\nArticle 1.\n\nArticles, the produce or manufacture of Australia, on importation into Switzerland, and articles, the produce or manufacture of Switzerland, on importation into Australia, shall not be subjected to other or higher duties or charges than those paid on like articles, the produce or manufacture of any other foreign country.\n\nArticle 2.\n\n(a) Articles, the produce or manufacture of Switzerland, enumerated in Schedule A to this Agreement, shall, on importation into Australia, be accorded the benefits of the Australian Intermediate Tariff.\n\n(b) Articles, the produce or manufacture of Switzerland, enumerated in Schedule B to this Agreement, shall not, on importation into Australia, be subjected to higher primage duties than those specified in the said Schedule.\n\n(c) The foregoing provisions of this Article shall not be deemed to exempt any articles from liability to Sales Tax or, except as provided in paragraph (b) of this Article, from payment of primage duties.\n\nArticle 3.\n\nArticles, the produce or manufacture of Australia, enumerated in Schedule C to this Agreement, shall not, on importation into Switzerland, be subjected to higher duties than those specified in the said Schedule.\n\nArticle 4.\n\nWith respect to the articles enumerated in Schedule D to this Agreement the quantities of such articles produced or manufactured in Australia which shall be permitted to be imported annually into Switzerland shall not be less than those specified in the said Schedule.\n\nArticle 5.\n\nThe notes incorporated in the Schedules to this Agreement shall be given force and effect as integral parts of the Agreement.\n\nArticle 6.\n\nIn the event that quantitative restrictions are imposed in either Australia or Switzerland on the importation of any goods of interest to the other county, it is agreed that, in the allocation of the quantity of restricted goods which may be authorized for importation, the other country will be granted a share of the total permitted foreign imports of such goods equivalent to the proportion of the total foreign imports of such goods which it enjoyed in a previous representative period prior to the imposition of such quantitative restrictions.\n\nArticle 7.\n\nIn all matters concerning the rules, formalities or charges imposed in connexion with any form of quantitative restriction on the importation of any article, the Government of the Commonwealth of Australia and the Swiss Federal Council agree to extend to articles the produce or manufacture of Switzerland and Australia respectively every favour granted to any other foreign country.\n\nArticle 8.\n\nThe Government of the Commonwealth of Australia and the Swiss Federal Council reserve the right to withdraw or to modify the concession granted on any article under this Agreement if, as a result of the extension of such concession to third countries, such countries obtain the major benefit of such concession and in consequence thereof an unduly large increase in importations from such countries of such article takes place.\n\n \nFirst Schedule—continued.\n\nArticle 9.\n\nIf either party adopts in respect of any article specifically mentioned in this Agreement any measures which, even though they do not conflict with the terms of this Agreement, are considered by the other party to have the effect of nullifying or impairing any of the advantages of this Agreement, the party which considers its interests adversely affected may, within three months of the adoption of such measures, request the opening of negotiations with a view to effecting a mutually satisfactory adjustment of the matter. If agreement is not reached within two months of the receipt of such request the party which considers its interests adversely affected may take such action as it thinks proper to re-establish the equilibrium of the present Agreement.\n\nArticle 10.\n\nThe provisions of this Agreement shall apply also to the Principality of Liechtenstein so long as it is bound to Switzerland by a customs union treaty.\n\nArticle 11.\n\nNothing in this Agreement shall entitle Switzerland to claim the benefit of any treatment, preference or privilege which may at any time be in force exclusively between the territories under the sovereignty of His Majesty the King of Great Britain, Ireland, and the British Dominions beyond the Seas, Emperor of India, or under His Majesty’s suzerainty, protection or mandate.\n\nArticle 12.\n\nThe present Agreement, after being approved by the Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia and by the competent authority on the part of Switzerland, shall be ratified and the instruments of ratification shall be exchanged at Canberra as soon as possible. The Agreement shall come into force fourteen days after the exchange of instruments of ratification or on such earlier date as may be agreed upon and shall remain in force and effect until six months from the day on which either party shall have given notice to the other of its intention to terminate it.\n\nIn Witness Whereof the undersigned, being duly authorized to that effect, have signed in duplicate this Agreement.\n\nSigned at Canberra, this fourth day of November, 1938.\n\nTHOMAS W. WHITE.\n\nSigned at Berne, this twenty-second day of November, 1938.\n\nHOTZ.\n\nSchedule A.\n\n| Item of the Australian Customs Tariff. | Description of Articles. |\n| -------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |\n| Ex 41 (a) | Cheese having the eye formation characteristic of the Swiss or Emmenthaler type; and cheese of the Gruyere or Emmenthaler processed type in containers not exceeding 10 oz. in weight. |\n| Ex 105 (a) (1)(a) | Cotton piece goods known as organdie—unbleached, bleached, printed, dyed or coloured, weighing less than one and two-third oz. per square yard and manufactured from yarns the average number of which exceeds count number 80—the value for duty of which exceeds 7¾d. per square yard. |\n| 105 (e) (2) | Lace for attire; lace flouncings; millinery nets; dress nets; veilings; embroideries in the piece; tucked linens or cottons. |\n| Ex 105 (k) (1) | Piece goods of a class or kind not produced in Australia which would otherwise be dutiable at a higher rate than that payable under this sub-item imported for use in the manufacture of neckties, as prescribed by Departmental By laws—Wholly of silk. |\n\n \nFirst Schedule—continued.\n\nSchedule A—continued.\n\n| Item of the Australian Customs Tariff. | Description of Articles. |\n| -------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |\n| 106 (b) | Trimmings and Ornaments, n.e.i. for Hats Shoes and other attire, not being partly or wholly of gold or silver; Braids n.e.i.; Fringes n.e.i.; Frillings; Rufflings; Pleatings; Ruchings; Galoons n.e.i.; Ribbons n.e.i.; Tinselled Belting n.e.i.; Webbings n.e.i.; Belting for apparel not elsewhere specified and not being cut to lengths for belts.Note: It has been agreed by the Government of the Commonwealth of Australia that Bows and Jabots for women’s attire shall be specifically included in Tariff Item 106 (b) under appropriate descriptions. |\n| Ex 110 (d) | Articles of women’s apparel, made from textile fabrics and having embroidered work or lace work thereon or made, wholly or in chief part from lace, viz.:—Collars, collars with jabots attached, collar and cuff sets, cuffs, modesty vests for outerwear, and vestees with or without collars attached. |\n| 114 (g) (1) | Hoods other than of felt.For the purposes of this paragraph a hood means any unblocked form of any material (other than felt) woven or plaited throughout from the tip of the crown to the edge of the brim, also any unblocked form made of braid or similar material joined together by hand with a concealed thread. |\n| 114 (g) (2) | Hat Forms of braid or similar material sewn with a visible stitch, but not blocked or further processed. |\n| Ex 120 (b) (1) | Handkerchiefs, cotton or linen or cotton and linen, wholly or in part of machine-made lace or embroidered on the multiple needle embroidery machines finished off with machine-made scalloped edge, machine-made hems or other machine-made fancy finishing edges, containing no hand-made lace and not embroidered or tamboured in any part by hand. |\n| 318 (a) (4) (a) | Wristlet watches n.e.i. and cases therefor, viz.:— |\n| (1) | Nickel-plated, nickel alloy, chromium-plated, and steel. |\n| (2) | Other. |\n| Ex 318 (a) (4) (b) | Watches and Chronometers, n.e.i. |\n| Ex 338 (a) | Trade catalogues, price lists and other printed advertising matter, not designed to advertise the sale of goods by any person, firm or company in Australia, when imported into Australia in single copies addressed to hospitals, medical practitioners or dentists, and not exceeding one copy to each hospital, medical practitioner or dentist, and not being for distribution. |\n\nSchedule B.\n\n| Item of the Australian Customs Tariff. | Description of Articles. | Rate of Primage Duty. |\n| -------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | --------------------- |\n| 105 (e) (2) | Lace for attire; lace flouncings; millinery nets; dress nets; veilings; embroideries in the piece; tucked linens or cottons | 5% ad valorem |\n| 106 (b) | Trimmings and Ornaments, n.e.i. for Hats Shoes and other attire, not being partly or wholly of gold or silver; Braids n.e.i.; Fringes n.e.i.; Frillings; Rufflings; Pleatings; Ruchings; Galoons n.e.i.; Ribbons n.e.i.; Tinselled Belting n.e.i.; Webbings n.e.i.; Belting for apparel not elsewhere specified and not being cut to lengths for belts | 5% ad valorem |\n\n \nFirst Schedule—continued.\n\nSchedule B—continued.\n\n| Item of the Australian Customs Tariff. | Description of Articles. | Rate of Primage Duty. |\n| -------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------- |\n| | Note: It has been agreed by the Government of the Commonwealth of Australia that Bows and Jabots for women’s attire shall be specifically included in Tariff Item 106 (b) under appropriate descriptions. | |\n| Ex 110 (d) | Articles of women’s apparel, made from textile fabrics and having embroidered work or lace work thereon or made wholly or in chief part from lace. viz.:— | |\n| | Collars, collars with jabots attached, collar and cuff sets, cuffs, modesty vests for outerwear, and vestees with or without collars attached | 5% ad valorem |\n| 114 (g) (1) | Hoods other than of feltFor the purposes of this paragraph a hood means any unblocked form of any material (other than felt) woven or plaited throughout from the tip of the crown to the edge of the brim, also any unblocked form made of braid or similar material joined together by hand with a concealed thread. | 5% ad valorem |\n| 114 (g) (2) | Hat Forms of braid or similar material sewn with a visible stitch, but not blocked or further processed | 5% ad valorem |\n| 318 (a) (4) (a) | Wristlet watches n.e.i. and cases therefor, viz.:— | |\n| | (1) Nickel-plated, nickel alloy, chromium-plated, and steel | 5% ad valorem |\n| | (2) Other | 5% ad valorem |\n| 338 (a) | Trade catalogues, price lists and other printed advertising matter, not designed to advertise the sale of goods by any person, firm or company in Australia, when imported into Australia in single copies addressed to hospitals, medical practitioners or dentists, and not exceeding one copy to each hospital, medical practitioner or dentist, and not being for distribution | Free |\n\nSchedule C.\n\n| Number of the Swiss Tariff. | Description of Articles. | Rate of Duty. |\n| --------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------- |\n| 24 a 1 | Apples and Pears | 5 francs per 100 kilogs. |\n| | Note: This rate is consolidated as follows:— | |\n| | In respect of Apples1st April to 15th July | |\n| | In respect of Pears1st February to 15th July | |\n| 33 | Raisins (including currants) of all kinds, except Malaga raisins as well as Denia raisins in bunches. | 10 francs per 100 kilogs. |\n\n \nFirst Schedule—continued.\n\nSchedule B—continued.\n\n| Number of the Swiss Tariff. | Description of Articles. | Rate of Duty. |\n| --------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |\n| Ex 101 b | Canned Fruits, viz.:— | |\n| | Apricots, Peaches, Pears, Pineapples. | 45 francs per 100 kilogs., so long as this rate is consolidated in accordance with an Agreement with a third country; otherwise 55 francs per 100 kilogs. |\n| 455 | Wool: Raw, scoured, dyed. | 0.15 francs per 100 kilogs. |\n| 841 | Lead, soft, in bars, pigs, slabs; hard lead, type metal. | 0.30 francs per 100 kilogs. |\n| Ex 969 | Sandalwood Oil. | 10 francs per 100 kilogs. |\n| Ex 1052 | Eucalyptus Oil. | 10 francs per 100 kilogs. |\n| 1078 | Starch—raw, subject to proof being furnished that it will be used for industrial purposes. | 1 franc per 100 kilogs. |\n\nSchedule D.\n\n| Number of the Swiss Tariff. | Description of Articles. | Annual quotas in 100 kilogrammes. |\n| --------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------- |\n| 4 | Barley | 38,000 |\n| 24 a 1 | Apples and Pears | 15,000 |\n| | Note: This quota shall be allotted for importation during the following periods:— | |\n| | In respect of Apples1st April to 15th July | |\n| | In respect of Pears1st February to 15th July | |\n| 229b236 | Building and cabinet-makers’and veneer wood. | 10,000 |\n\nSECOND SCHEDULE.\n\nSec. 2.\n\nLetters from the Minister of State for Trade and Customs to Dr. A. Koch, Department of Public Economy, Berne, Switzerland, and the Replies thereto.\n\nAustralian Letter No. 1.\n\nMinister for Trade and Customs,\n\nCanberra, A.C.T.,\n\n4th November, 1938.\n\nSir,\n\nWith reference to the discussions which have taken place regarding the quota restrictions in force in Switzerland on apples and pears, and the quota to be allocated to Australia under the terms of Schedule D to the Commercial Agreement between the Commonwealth of Australia and Switzerland, signed this day on behalf of the Commonwealth, it is understood that the Swiss Government are willing to agree to the following supplementary arrangements:—\n\n(1) Swiss import permits issued for Australian apples and pears in general shall not be transferable in favour of like produce of other countries. The Swiss Government shall allow transfers of import permits for Australian apples and pears in favour of like produce of other countries only with the consent of the Commonwealth Government or their officially designated representatives.\n\n \nSecond Schedule—continued.\n\n(2) If, during the period specified for the importation of Australian apples and pears into Switzerland, it appears that Australian exporters are able to sell to Swiss importers quantities in excess of the quota specified in Schedule D, the Swiss Government will favourably consider the grant of supplementary quotas in order to permit such additional quantities of Australian apples and pears to be imported into Switzerland.\n\nI shall be glad if you will confirm that the Swiss Government agree that the abovementioned supplementary arrangements shall hold so long as the Agreement remains in force.\n\nYours faithfully,\n\nTHOMAS W. WHITE.\n\nDr. A. Koch,\n\nDepartment of Public Economy,\n\nBerne,\n\nSwitzerland.\n\nSwiss Letter No. 1.\n\nBerne,\n\n22nd November, 1938.\n\nSir,\n\nI desire to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of 4th November, 1938, addressed to me in the following terms:—\n\n“With reference to the discussions which have taken place regarding the quota restrictions in force in Switzerland on apples and pears, and the quota to be allocated to Australia under the terms of Schedule D to the Commercial Agreement between the Commonwealth of Australia and Switzerland, signed this day on behalf of the Commonwealth, it is understood that the Swiss Government are willing to agree to the following supplementary arrangements:—\n\n(1) Swiss import permits issued for Australian apples and pears in general shall not be transferable in favour of like produce of other countries. The Swiss Government shall allow transfers of import permits for Australian apples and pears in favour of like produce of other countries only with the consent of the Commonwealth Government or their officially designated representatives.\n\n(2) If, during the period specified for the importation of Australian apples and pears into Switzerland, it appears that Australian exporters are able to sell to Swiss importers quantities in excess of the quota specified in Schedule D. the Swiss Government will favorably consider the grant of supplementary quotas in order to permit such additional quantities of Australian apples and pears to be imported into Switzerland.\n\nI shall be glad if you will confirm that the Swiss Government agree that the abovementioned supplementary arrangements shall hold so long as the Agreement remains in force.”\n\nIn accordance with the desire expressed in the last paragraph of your letter, I am pleased to inform you that the Swiss Government agree that the supplementary arrangements expressed in your letter under reply shall hold so long as the Agreement remains in force.\n\nYours faithfully,\n\nDr. A. KOCH.\n\nLieutenant-Colonel the Honourable\n\nT. W. White, D.F.C., V.D., M.P.,\n\nCanberra, A.C.T.,\n\nAustralia.\n\n \nSecond Schedule—continued.\n\nAustralian Letter No. 2.\n\nMinister for Trade and Customs,\n\nCanberra, A.C.T.,\n\n4th November, 1938.\n\nSir,\n\nWith reference to the Commercial Agreement between the Commonwealth of Australia and Switzerland, signed this day on behalf of the Commonwealth, I have the honour to inform you that the Commonwealth Government take note of the requests for the reduction of duties on the tariff items set out hereunder submitted on behalf of the Swiss Government during the negotiations:—\n\n| Tariff Item 114 (g) (1) | Hoods other than of felt |\n| --------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |\n| Tariff Item 114 (g) (2) | Hat forms of braid or similar material sewn with a visible stitch, but not blocked or further processed |\n| Tariff Item 318 (a) (4) (a) | Wristlet watches n.e.i. and cases therefor, viz.:— |\n| | (1) Nickel-plated, nickel alloy, chromium-plated, and steel |\n| | (2) Other |\n\nI have the honour to place on record and confirm the undertaking given on behalf of the Commonwealth Government to refer these items to the Australian Tariff Board for public inquiry and report (if not already so referred) with a view to determining a new Intermediate Tariff rate.\n\nYours faithfully,\n\nTHOMAS W. WHITE.\n\nDr. A. Koch,\n\nDepartment of Public Economy,\n\nBerne,\n\nSwitzerland.\n\nSwiss Letter No. 2.\n\nBerne,\n\n22nd November, 1938.\n\nSir,\n\nI desire to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of 4th November, 1938, in the following terms:—\n\n“With reference to the Commercial Agreement between the Commonwealth of Australia and Switzerland, signed this day on behalf of the Commonwealth, I have the honour to inform you that the Commonwealth Government take note of the requests for the reduction of duties on the tariff items set out hereunder submitted on behalf of the Swiss Government during the negotiations:—\n\n| Tariff Item 114 (g) (1) | Hoods other than of felt |\n| --------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |\n| Tariff Item 114 (g) (2) | Hat forms of braid or similar material sewn with a visible stitch, but not blocked or further processed |\n| Tariff Item 318 (a) (4) (a) | Wristlet watches n.e.i. and cases therefor, viz.:— |\n| | (1) Nickel-plated, nickel alloy, chromium-plated, and steel |\n| | (2) Other |\n\nI have the honour to place on record and confirm the undertaking given on behalf of the Commonwealth Government to refer these items to the Australian Tariff Board for public inquiry and report (if not already so referred) with a view to determining a new Intermediate Tariff rate.”\n\nIn acknowledging the receipt of this letter I desire to inform you that it has the agreement of the Swiss Government.\n\nYours faithfully,\n\nDr. A. KOCH.\n\nLieutenant-Colonel the Honourable\n\nT. W. White, D.F.C., V.D., M.P.,\n\nCanberra, A.C.T.,\n\nAustralia.\n\n \nSecond Schedule—continued.\n\nAustralian Letter No. 3.\n\nMinister for Trade and Customs,\n\nCanberra, A.C.T.,\n\n4th November, 1938.\n\nSir,\n\nWith reference to the Commercial Agreement between the Commonwealth of Australia and Switzerland, signed this day on behalf of the Commonwealth, I have the honour to inform you that the tariff concession on organdie as specified in Schedule A (ex Tariff Item 105 (a) (1) (a)) on importation into Australia from Switzerland is granted subject to the condition that a certificate be furnished by a Swiss Chamber of Commerce with respect to each consignment that the fabric is organdie in the sense of the relevant Item of the Australian Customs Tariff.\n\nI have the honour also to inform you that the tariff concession on cotton or linen handkerchiefs as specified in Schedule A (ex Tariff Item 120 (b) (1)) on importation into Australia is granted subject to the condition that a certificate be furnished by a Swiss Chamber of Commerce with respect to each consignment that the handkerchiefs comply with the description in, or have been manufactured by the processes described in, the relevant Item of the Australian Customs Tariff.\n\nYours faithfully,\n\nTHOMAS W. WHITE.\n\nDr. A. Koch,\n\nDepartment of Public Economy,\n\nBerne,\n\nSwitzerland.\n\nSwiss Letter No. 3.\n\nBerne,\n\n22nd November, 1938.\n\nSir,\n\nI desire to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of 4th November, 1938, addressed to me in the following terms:—\n\n“With reference to the Commercial Agreement between the Commonwealth of Australia and Switzerland, signed this day on behalf of the Commonwealth, I have the honour to inform you that the tariff concession on organdie as specified in Schedule A (ex Tariff Item 105 (a) (1) (a)) on importation into Australia from Switzerland is granted subject to the condition that a certificate be furnished by a Swiss Chamber of Commerce with respect to each consignment that the fabric is organdie in the sense of the relevant Item of the Australian Customs Tariff.\n\nI have the honour also to inform you that the tariff concession on cotton or linen handkerchiefs as specified in Schedule A (ex Tariff Item 120 (b) (1)) on importation into Australia is granted subject to the condition that a certificate be furnished by a Swiss Chamber of Commerce with respect to each consignment that the handkerchiefs comply with the description in, or have been manufactured by the processes described in, the relevant Item of the Australian Customs Tariff.”\n\nIn acknowledging the receipt of this communication I desire to inform you that it has the agreement of the Swiss Government.\n\nYours faithfully,\n\nDr. A. KOCH.\n\nLieutenant-Colonel the Honourable\n\nT. W. White, D.F.C., V.D., M.P.,\n\nCanberra, A.C.T.,\n\nAustralia.\n\n \nSecond Schedule—continued.\n\nAustralian Letter No. 4.\n\nMinister for Trade and Customs,\n\nCanberra, A.C.T.,\n\n4th November, 1938.\n\nSir,\n\nWith reference to the Commercial Agreement between the Commonwealth of Australia and Switzerland, signed this day on behalf of the Commonwealth, I have the honour to inform you that the Commonwealth Government agree to the classification under Australian Tariff Item 415a (2) of the preparations Finish NSW and Finish NS used in the textile industry. These preparations will be covered by the following description:—\n\n“Chemical compounds or mixtures in aqueous emulsion or paste form used in the textile industry to prevent slipping of the threads or yarns in the process of weaving, under security.”\n\nThe Commonwealth Government also agree to the classification under Australian Tariff Item 285 (b) of the medicinal preparations Bellergal, Calciumbronat and Gynergen.\n\nThese classifications are agreed to for a period of one year from the date of the entry into force of the Agreement. Thereafter they shall be subject to revision should the Commonwealth Government consider that the admission into Australia of the abovementioncd preparations under such classifications is likely to be detrimental to any Australian industry.\n\nYours faithfully,\n\nTHOMAS W. WHITE.\n\nDr. A. Koch,\n\nDepartment of Public Economy,\n\nBerne,\n\nSwitzerland.\n\nSwiss Letter No. 4.\n\nBerne,\n\n22nd November, 1938.\n\nSir,\n\nI desire to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of 4th November, 1938, addressed to me in the following terms:—\n\n“With reference to the Commercial Agreement between the Commonwealth of Australia and Switzerland, signed this day on behalf of the Commonwealth, I have the honour to inform you that the Commonwealth Government agree to the classification under Australian Tariff Item 415a (2) of the preparations Finish NSW and Finish NS used in the textile industry. These preparations will be covered by the following description:—\n\n“Chemical compounds or mixtures in aqueous emulsion or paste form used in the textile industry to prevent slipping of the threads or yarns in the process of weaving, under security.”\n\nThe Commonwealth Government also agree to the classification under Australian Tariff Item 285 (b) of the medicinal preparations Bellergal, Calciumbronat and Gynergen.\n\nThese classifications are agreed to for a period of one year from the date of the entry into force of the Agreement. Thereafter they shall be subject to revision should the Commonwealth Government consider that the admission into Australia of the abovementioned preparations under such classifications is likely to be detrimental to any Australian industry.”\n\nIn acknowledging the receipt of this communication I desire to inform you than it has the agreement of the Swiss Government.\n\nYours faithfully,\n\nDr. A. KOCH\n\nLieutenant-Colonel the Honourable\n\nT. W. White, D.F.C., V.D., M.P.,\n\nCanberra, A.C.T.,\n\nAustralia.","sortOrder":0}],"analysis":{"kimi_summary":{"_metrics":{"model":"kimi-k2.5","source":"moonshot-realtime","completionTokens":2541},"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":4,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"The legislation remains focused on its original purpose of approving and implementing the 1938 Commercial Agreement between Australia and Switzerland, including the associated tariff schedules and administrative undertakings. There is no evidence of scope expansion beyond the bilateral trade facilitation measures originally contemplated."},"complexity_factors":["Extensive cross-referencing between Act sections and multiple schedules (First and Second Schedules containing tariff tables and diplomatic letters)","Detailed tariff item nomenclature requiring knowledge of 1938 Australian Customs Tariff numbering system (e.g., 'Ex 105 (a) (1)(a)')","Conditional exceptions and safeguards (e.g., Article 2(c) excluding Sales Tax liability, Article 8 withdrawal rights if third countries benefit)","Temporal limitations on administrative classifications (one-year expiry period for specific chemical and medicinal preparations in Letter No. 4)","Integration of treaty text, tariff schedules, and diplomatic correspondence creating multi-layered obligations"],"plain_english_summary":"This Act gives parliamentary approval to a commercial treaty with Switzerland that reduces tariffs and secures reciprocal market access for key Swiss imports into Australia and Australian exports to Switzerland, affecting manufacturers, primary producers and customs authorities. \n\nIt enshrines most-favoured-nation treatment, quota-sharing and safeguard mechanisms, covers Liechtenstein via its customs union with Switzerland, and sets administrative steps (certifications, reviews and permit conditions) to implement and monitor the concessions."}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/trade-agreement-switzerland-act-1938","history":"/api/acts/trade-agreement-switzerland-act-1938/history","analysis":"/api/acts/trade-agreement-switzerland-act-1938/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/trade-agreement-switzerland-act-1938/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/trade-agreement-switzerland-act-1938/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/trade-agreement-switzerland-act-1938/documents"}}