{"id":"nsw:act-2002-114","name":"Terrorism (Commonwealth Powers) Act 2002","slug":"terrorism-commonwealth-powers-act-2002","collection":"act","jurisdiction":"nsw","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":"114 of 2002","makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":105058,"registerId":"nsw-act-2002-114-current","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-03","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"Name and purpose of Act","content":"#### 1 Name and purpose of Act\n\n1 Name and purpose of Act\n\n> > (1) This Act is the [Terrorism (Commonwealth Powers) Act 2002](/view/html/inforce/current/act-2002-114).\n> \n> > (2) The purpose of this Act is to refer certain matters relating to terrorist acts to the Parliament of the Commonwealth for the purposes of section 51 (xxxvii) of the [Constitution of the Commonwealth](http://www.legislation.gov.au/).","sortOrder":0},{"sectionNumber":"2","sectionType":"section","heading":"Commencement","content":"#### 2 Commencement\n\n2 Commencement\n\n> This Act commences on a day to be appointed by proclamation.","sortOrder":1},{"sectionNumber":"3","sectionType":"section","heading":"Definitions","content":"#### 3 Definitions\n\n3 Definitions\n\n> In this Act:\n> \n> Commonwealth Criminal Code means the Criminal Code set out in the Schedule to the [Criminal Code Act 1995](http://www.legislation.gov.au/) of the Commonwealth, or a law of the Commonwealth that replaces that Code.\n> \n> criminal responsibility legislation means the provisions of Chapter 2 of the Commonwealth Criminal Code, as in force from time to time.\n> \n> express amendment of the terrorism legislation or the criminal responsibility legislation means the direct amendment of the text of the legislation (whether by the insertion, omission, repeal, substitution or relocation of words or matter) by Commonwealth Acts, but does not include the enactment by a Commonwealth Act of a provision that has or will have substantive effect otherwise than as part of the text of the legislation.\n> \n> references means the references under section 4 (1) (a) and (b).\n> \n> referred provisions means the text set out in Schedule 1 to the extent to which it deals with matters that are included in the legislative powers of the Parliament of the State.\n> \n> terrorism legislation means the provisions of Part 5.3 of the Commonwealth Criminal Code enacted in the terms, or substantially in the terms, of the text set out in Schedule 1 and as in force from time to time.\n> \n> terrorist act has the same meaning it has in the text set out in Schedule 1.","sortOrder":2},{"sectionNumber":"4","sectionType":"section","heading":"Reference of matters","content":"#### 4 Reference of matters\n\n4 Reference of matters\n\n> > (1) The following matters are referred to the Parliament of the Commonwealth:\n> > \n> > > (a) the matters to which the referred provisions relate, but only to the extent of the making of laws with respect to those matters by including the referred provisions in the Commonwealth Criminal Code in the terms, or substantially in the terms, of the text set out in Schedule 1, and\n> > \n> > > (b) the matter of terrorist acts, and actions relating to terrorist acts, but only to the extent of the making of laws with respect to that matter by making express amendments of the terrorism legislation or the criminal responsibility legislation.\n> \n> > (2) The reference of a matter under subsection (1) has effect only:\n> > \n> > > (a) if and to the extent that the matter is not included in the legislative powers of the Parliament of the Commonwealth (otherwise than by a reference for the purposes of section 51 (xxxvii) of the [Constitution of the Commonwealth](http://www.legislation.gov.au/)), and\n> > \n> > > (b) if and to the extent that the matter is included in the legislative powers of the Parliament of the State.\n> \n> > (3) The operation of each paragraph of subsection (1) is not affected by the other paragraph.\n> \n> > (4) For the avoidance of doubt, it is the intention of the Parliament of the State that:\n> > \n> > > (a) the terrorism legislation or the criminal responsibility legislation may be expressly amended, or have its operation otherwise affected, at any time after the commencement of this Act by provisions of Commonwealth Acts the operation of which is based on legislative powers that the Parliament of the Commonwealth has apart from under the references, and\n> > \n> > > (b) the terrorism legislation or the criminal responsibility legislation may have its operation affected, otherwise than by express amendment, at any time after the commencement of this Act by provisions of instruments authorised by that legislation.\n> \n> > (5) Despite any other provision of this section, the references have effect for a period:\n> > \n> > > (a) beginning on the day on which this Act commences, and\n> > \n> > > (b) ending on the day fixed, pursuant to section 5, as the day on which the references under this Act are to terminate,\n> > \n> > but no longer.","sortOrder":3},{"sectionNumber":"5","sectionType":"section","heading":"Termination of references","content":"#### 5 Termination of references\n\n5 Termination of references\n\n> > (1) The Governor may, at any time, by proclamation published on the NSW legislation website, fix a day as the day on which the references under this Act are to terminate.\n> \n> > (2) The day fixed under subsection (1) must be no earlier than the first day after the end of the period of 3 months beginning with the day on which the proclamation is published under that subsection.\n> \n> > (3) The Governor may, by proclamation published on the NSW legislation website, revoke a proclamation published under subsection (1), in which case the revoked proclamation is taken (for the purposes of section 4) never to have been published.\n> \n> > (4) A revoking proclamation has effect only if published before the day fixed under subsection (1).\n> \n> > (5) The revocation of a proclamation published under subsection (1) does not prevent publication of a further proclamation under that subsection.\n> \n> **s 5:** Am 2009 No 106, Sch 3.37.","sortOrder":4},{"sectionNumber":"Schedule 1","sectionType":"schedule","heading":"Part 5.3 of Commonwealth Criminal Code","content":"# Schedule 1 Part 5.3 of Commonwealth Criminal Code\n\nSchedule 1 Part 5.3 of Commonwealth Criminal Code\n\n(Section 3)\n\n**sch 1:** Am 2003 No 40, Sch 2.28 \\[1\\]–\\[3\\].","sortOrder":5},{"sectionNumber":"Part 5","sectionType":"part","heading":"Terrorism","content":"# Part 5 Terrorism\n\nPart 5.3 Terrorism","sortOrder":6},{"sectionNumber":"Division 100","sectionType":"division","heading":"Preliminary","content":"## Division 100 Preliminary\n\nDivision 100 Preliminary","sortOrder":7},{"sectionNumber":"100","sectionType":"section","heading":"Definitions","content":"#### 100 Definitions\n\n100.1 Definitions\n\n> > (1) In this Part:\n> > \n> > Commonwealth place has the same meaning as in the [Commonwealth Places (Application of Laws) Act 1970](http://www.legislation.gov.au/).\n> > \n> > constitutional corporation means a corporation to which paragraph 51 (xx) of the Constitution applies.\n> > \n> > express amendment of the provisions of this Part or Chapter 2 means the direct amendment of the provisions (whether by the insertion, omission, repeal, substitution or relocation of words or matter).\n> > \n> > funds means:\n> > \n> > > (a) property and assets of every kind, whether tangible or intangible, movable or immovable, however acquired; and\n> > \n> > > (b) legal documents or instruments in any form, including electronic or digital, evidencing title to, or interest in, such property or assets, including, but not limited to, bank credits, travellers cheques, bank cheques, money orders, shares, securities, bonds, debt instruments, drafts and letters of credit.\n> > \n> > organisation means a body corporate or an unincorporated body whether or not the body:\n> > \n> > > (a) is based outside Australia; or\n> > \n> > > (b) consists of persons who are not Australian citizens; or\n> > \n> > > (c) is part of a larger organisation.\n> > \n> > referring State has the meaning given by section 100.2.\n> > \n> > terrorist act means an action or threat of action where:\n> > \n> > > (a) the action falls within subsection (2) and does not fall within subsection (3); and\n> > \n> > > (b) the action is done or the threat is made with the intention of advancing a political, religious or ideological cause; and\n> > \n> > > (c) the action is done or the threat is made with the intention of:\n> > > \n> > > > (i) coercing, or influencing by intimidation, the government of the Commonwealth or a State, Territory or foreign country, or of part of a State, Territory or foreign country; or\n> > > \n> > > > (ii) intimidating the public or a section of the public.\n> \n> > (2) Action falls within this subsection if it:\n> > \n> > > (a) causes serious harm that is physical harm to a person; or\n> > \n> > > (b) causes serious damage to property; or\n> > \n> > > (c) causes a person’s death; or\n> > \n> > > (d) endangers a person’s life, other than the life of the person taking the action; or\n> > \n> > > (e) creates a serious risk to the health or safety of the public or a section of the public; or\n> > \n> > > (f) seriously interferes with, seriously disrupts, or destroys, an electronic system including, but not limited to:\n> > > \n> > > > (i) an information system; or\n> > > \n> > > > (ii) a telecommunications system; or\n> > > \n> > > > (iii) a financial system; or\n> > > \n> > > > (iv) a system used for the delivery of essential government services; or\n> > > \n> > > > (v) a system used for, or by, an essential public utility; or\n> > > \n> > > > (vi) a system used for, or by, a transport system.\n> \n> > (3) Action falls within this subsection if it:\n> > \n> > > (a) is advocacy, protest, dissent or industrial action; and\n> > \n> > > (b) is not intended:\n> > > \n> > > > (i) to cause serious harm that is physical harm to a person; or\n> > > \n> > > > (ii) to cause a person’s death; or\n> > > \n> > > > (iii) to endanger the life of a person, other than the person taking the action; or\n> > > \n> > > > (iv) to create a serious risk to the health or safety of the public or a section of the public.\n> \n> > (4) In this Division:\n> > \n> > > (a) a reference to any person or property is a reference to any person or property wherever situated, within or outside Australia; and\n> > \n> > > (b) a reference to the public includes a reference to the public of a country other than Australia.","sortOrder":8},{"sectionNumber":"Division 101","sectionType":"division","heading":"Terrorism","content":"## Division 101 Terrorism\n\nDivision 101 Terrorism","sortOrder":16},{"sectionNumber":"101","sectionType":"section","heading":"Terrorist acts","content":"#### 101 Terrorist acts\n\n101.1 Terrorist acts\n\n> > (1) A person commits an offence if the person engages in a terrorist act.\n> > \n> > Penalty: Imprisonment for life.\n> \n> > (2) Section 15.4 (extended geographical jurisdiction—category D) applies to an offence against subsection (1).","sortOrder":17},{"sectionNumber":"Division 102","sectionType":"division","heading":"Terrorist organisations","content":"## Division 102 Terrorist organisations\n\nDivision 102 Terrorist organisations","sortOrder":22},{"sectionNumber":"sch.1-inc-pt.5.3-div.102-sdiv.A","sectionType":"division","heading":"Definitions","content":"### sch.1-inc-pt.5.3-div.102-sdiv.A Definitions\n\nSubdivision A Definitions","sortOrder":23},{"sectionNumber":"102","sectionType":"section","heading":"Definitions","content":"#### 102 Definitions\n\n102.1 Definitions\n\n> > (1) In this Division:\n> > \n> > member of an organisation includes:\n> > \n> > > (a) a person who is an informal member of the organisation; and\n> > \n> > > (b) a person who has taken steps to become a member of the organisation; and\n> > \n> > > (c) in the case of an organisation that is a body corporate—a director or an officer of the body corporate.\n> > \n> > recruit includes induce, incite and encourage.\n> > \n> > terrorist organisation means:\n> > \n> > > (a) an organisation that is directly or indirectly engaged in, preparing, planning, assisting in or fostering the doing of a terrorist act (whether or not the terrorist act occurs); or\n> > \n> > > (b) an organisation that is specified by the regulations for the purposes of this paragraph (see subsections (2), (3) and (4)).\n> \n> > (2) Before the Governor-General makes a regulation specifying an organisation for the purposes of paragraph (b) of the definition of terrorist organisation in this section, the Minister must be satisfied on reasonable grounds that:\n> > \n> > > (a) the Security Council of the United Nations has made a decision relating wholly or partly to terrorism; and\n> > \n> > > (b) the organisation is identified in the decision, or using a mechanism established under the decision, as an organisation to which the decision relates; and\n> > \n> > > (c) the organisation is directly or indirectly engaged in, preparing, planning, assisting in or fostering the doing of a terrorist act (whether or not the terrorist act has occurred or will occur).\n> \n> > (3) Regulations for the purposes of paragraph (b) of the definition of terrorist organisation in this section cease to have effect on the second anniversary of the day on which they take effect. To avoid doubt, this subsection does not prevent:\n> > \n> > > (a) the repeal of those regulations; or\n> > \n> > > (b) the cessation of effect of those regulations under subsection (4); or\n> > \n> > > (c) the making of new regulations the same in substance as those regulations (whether the new regulations are made or take effect before or after those regulations cease to have effect because of this subsection).\n> \n> > (4) A regulation specifying an organisation for the purposes of paragraph (b) of the definition of terrorist organisation in this section ceases to have effect when:\n> > \n> > > (a) the decision mentioned in paragraph (2) (a) ceases to have effect; or\n> > \n> > > (b) the organisation ceases to be identified as described in paragraph (2) (b).\n> > \n> > The regulation does not revive even if the organisation is again identified as described in paragraph (2) (b).\n> \n> > (5) To avoid doubt, subsection (4) does not prevent:\n> > \n> > > (a) the repeal of a regulation; or\n> > \n> > > (b) the making of a regulation that is the same in substance as a regulation that has ceased to have effect because of that subsection.\n> \n> > (6) For the purpose of making regulations specifying an organisation for the purposes of paragraph (b) of the definition of terrorist organisation in this section, it does not matter whether the relevant decision of the Security Council of the United Nations was made before or after 6 July 2002.","sortOrder":24},{"sectionNumber":"sch.1-inc-pt.5.3-div.102-sdiv.B","sectionType":"division","heading":"Offences","content":"### sch.1-inc-pt.5.3-div.102-sdiv.B Offences\n\nSubdivision B Offences","sortOrder":25},{"sectionNumber":"sch.1-inc-pt.5.3-div.102-sdiv.C","sectionType":"division","heading":"General provisions relating to offences","content":"### sch.1-inc-pt.5.3-div.102-sdiv.C General provisions relating to offences\n\nSubdivision C General provisions relating to offences","sortOrder":32},{"sectionNumber":"Division 103","sectionType":"division","heading":"Financing terrorism","content":"## Division 103 Financing terrorism\n\nDivision 103 Financing terrorism","sortOrder":35},{"sectionNumber":"103","sectionType":"section","heading":"Financing terrorism","content":"#### 103 Financing terrorism\n\n103.1 Financing terrorism\n\n> > (1) A person commits an offence if:\n> > \n> > > (a) the person provides or collects funds; and\n> > \n> > > (b) the person is reckless as to whether the funds will be used to facilitate or engage in a terrorist act.\n> > \n> > Penalty: Imprisonment for life.\n> > \n> > Note—\n> > \n> > Intention is the fault element for the conduct described in paragraph (1) (a). See subsection 5.6 (1).\n> \n> > (2) A person commits an offence under subsection (1) even if the terrorist act does not occur.\n> \n> > (3) Section 15.4 (extended geographical jurisdiction—category D) applies to an offence against subsection (1).","sortOrder":36},{"sectionNumber":"Division 106","sectionType":"division","heading":"Transitional provisions","content":"## Division 106 Transitional provisions\n\nDivision 106 Transitional provisions","sortOrder":37},{"sectionNumber":"106","sectionType":"section","heading":"Saving—regulations made for the purposes of the definition of terrorist organisation","content":"#### 106 Saving—regulations made for the purposes of the definition of terrorist organisation\n\n106.1 Saving—regulations made for the purposes of the definition of *terrorist organisation*\n\n> > (1) If:\n> > \n> > > (a) regulations were made before commencement for the purposes of paragraph (c) of the definition of terrorist organisation in subsection 102.1 (1), as in force before commencement; and\n> > \n> > > (b) the regulations were in force immediately before commencement;\n> > \n> > the regulations have effect, after commencement, as if they had been made for the purposes of paragraph (b) of the definition of terrorist organisation in subsection 102.1 (1), as in force after commencement.\n> \n> > (2) In this section, commencement means the commencement of this section.","sortOrder":38}],"analysis":{"kimi_summary":{"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":7,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"The legislation remains tightly focused on its original purpose: referring terrorism-related legislative powers to the Commonwealth. The Schedule content mirrors the Commonwealth Criminal Code Part 5.3 as enacted in 2002, and the mechanism (including termination rights and amendment approval processes) reflects the original intergovernmental agreement. No significant scope creep is evident — the Act does not expand into adjacent areas like surveillance, immigration, or non-terrorism national security matters."},"complexity_factors":["Dual-layer legislative structure: the Act itself is a referral mechanism, but Schedule 1 contains a full mirror of Commonwealth Criminal Code Part 5.3, creating parallel interpretation challenges","Conditional and contingent operation: section 4(2) limits the referral to extents where matters are 'not included' in Commonwealth powers and 'are included' in State powers — requiring constitutional analysis to determine actual scope","Temporal complexity: the referral has a fixed lifespan (section 4(5)), terminable by Governor's proclamation with 3-month minimum notice and revocability conditions (section 5)","Nested definitions: 'terrorist act' definition in section 100.1 contains three sub-layers (subsections (2), (3), and exclusions), with cross-references to 'serious harm', 'constitutional corporation', and 'Commonwealth place'","Multiple jurisdictional bases: section 100.3 sets out four different constitutional bases for operation (referring States, non-referring States, Territories, and extraterritorial), each with different limitations","Extensive cross-referencing: constant references to Commonwealth Criminal Code Chapter 2 (criminal responsibility), section 15.4 (extended geographical jurisdiction), and the Acts Interpretation Act 1901","Fault element layering: offences in Divisions 101–103 create parallel offences with different mental states (intention/knowledge vs recklessness) with alternative verdict provisions","Regulatory mechanisms: Division 102 allows executive proscription of organisations with complex conditions (UN Security Council decisions, 2-year sunset, cessation triggers) and savings provisions (section 106.1)","Safeguards and exceptions: multiple defences and evidential burdens (sections 101.4(5), 101.5(5), 102.3(2), 102.6(3)) requiring careful procedural navigation","Intergovernmental approval requirement: section 100.8 requires majority approval of States/Territories plus at least 4 States for amendments — unusual procedural constraint"],"plain_english_summary":"This is a **New South Wales law** that hands over (\"refers\") certain powers to the **Australian Federal Parliament** to make laws about terrorism.\n\n**Why this exists:**\nUnder Australia's Constitution, the Federal Parliament can only make laws on certain topics. One way it can get extra power is if a **State voluntarily refers** a matter to it (using section 51(xxxvii) of the Constitution). This Act is NSW doing exactly that — giving the Commonwealth the green light to make national terrorism laws that apply in NSW.\n\n**What it does:**\n- **Refers two main things** to the Federal Parliament:\n  1. The power to enact specific terrorism offences (the text in Schedule 1, which mirrors Part 5.3 of the Commonwealth Criminal Code)\n  2. The power to make future changes (\"express amendments\") to those terrorism laws and to general criminal responsibility rules\n\n- **Includes a sunset clause:** The referral only lasts until a date set by the NSW Governor (with at least 3 months' notice), though it can be revoked before taking effect.\n\n- **Protects NSW interests:** The Federal Parliament can only use this power to the extent NSW actually has the power itself, and only for matters not already covered by other Commonwealth powers.\n\n**Who it affects:**\n- Primarily **law enforcement and prosecutors** — it enables the Commonwealth to prosecute terrorism offences in NSW courts\n- **Anyone accused of terrorism-related conduct** — the Schedule sets out serious crimes including:\n  - Committing terrorist acts (life imprisonment)\n  - Training connected to terrorism (up to 25 years)\n  - Possessing things or documents for terrorism (up to 15 years)\n  - Membership, recruitment, and financing of terrorist organisations (10–25 years)\n  - Financing terrorism (life imprisonment)\n\n**Why it matters:**\nWithout this referral, there would be gaps in national counter-terrorism coverage. This ensures NSW is covered by a uniform national scheme, while retaining the ability to withdraw that cooperation if the State chooses.\n\n**Key features of the attached Schedule:**\n- Defines \"terrorist act\" broadly (serious violence, damage, or disruption with political/religious/ideological motive) but **excludes legitimate protest, dissent, or industrial action** that isn't intended to cause serious harm\n- Allows the Governor-General to **ban organisations** as terrorist groups via regulation (with UN Security Council links and 2-year sunset)\n- Creates **tiered offences** based on whether the person knew or was merely reckless about terrorist connections\n- Includes **geographic reach** — offences can apply even if conduct occurs overseas"},"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":8,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"The Act's stated purpose is to refer terrorism-related matters to the Commonwealth Parliament (s1, s4). Its operative scope is explicitly limited to matters the State may refer and to the extent the Commonwealth lacks other heads of power (s4(1)–(2); 100.3). The text preserves concurrent State/Territory offences (s100.6), allows regulatory modification of interaction with State law (s100.7), and builds in termination and approval mechanisms for amendments (s5; s100.8). On the face of the text provided, the scope remains as originally set out and constrained by those provisions."},"complexity_factors":["Intergovernmental reference mechanism that conditions Commonwealth power on State referrals and on whether the matter is otherwise within Commonwealth power (s4(1)–(2); 100.2; 100.3).","Conditional and partial operation depending on whether a State is a 'referring State', with termination and proclamation mechanics (s4(5); s5; 100.2(4)–(5)).","Extensive extraterritorial reach and extended geographical jurisdiction for many offences (s100.4(1); s101.1(2); s101.2(4); s101.4(4); s102.9; s103.1(3)).","Wide definitional scope (eg. 'terrorist act', 'organisation', 'funds') that ties liability to intent, knowledge or recklessness across multiple offences (s100.1; 102.1; 103.1).","High-penalty offences with differing fault elements and alternative-verdict rules that complicate prosecutions and defence strategy (eg. ss101.1, 101.2, 101.4–101.6; 102.2–102.7; 102.10; 103.1).","Evidential and legal burdens placed on defendants for specific exceptions (eg. ss101.4(5), 101.5(5); 102.3(2); 102.6(3) referencing ss13.3–13.4), increasing evidentiary complexity.","Regulation-making power to modify operation to avoid inconsistencies with State/Territory laws and to exempt persons/bodies/circumstances (s100.7), introducing administrative discretion and compliance uncertainty.","Ministerial/executive role in specifying organisations by regulation subject to UN Security Council linkage and time limits (s102.1(2)–(4)), creating dynamic listing and delisting processes.","Requirement that express amendments to this Part receive approval by a majority of States/Territories and at least four States (s100.8), adding a formal intergovernmental gate for changes.","Application of the Acts Interpretation Act 1901 is frozen to its form on a particular commencement day (s100.5), which can complicate statutory interpretation across amendments."],"plain_english_summary":"This Act refers specified terrorism-related matters from the State to the Commonwealth under paragraph 51(xxxvii) of the Constitution and imports Part 5.3 of the Commonwealth Criminal Code to create offences for terrorist acts, planning, training, financing and organisational support, many carrying severe penalties including life imprisonment. It also provides for extraterritorial application and for regulations to manage interaction with State and Territory law.\n\nIt affects individuals and organisations by expanding criminal exposure and evidential burdens, and hands decision-making over listings, regulations and express amendments to Commonwealth ministers and Parliament, subject to state approval and termination rules."},"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"Unauthenticated. Configure AI_GATEWAY_API_KEY or use a provider module. Learn more: https://ai-sdk.dev/unauthenticated-ai-gateway","source":"analysis-cron"},"summary":{"complexity_score":5,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"The Act appears to have remained true to its original purpose — a narrow constitutional mechanism to refer NSW terrorism powers to the Commonwealth. The minor 2010 amendment likely refined rather than expanded scope. There is no indication of scope creep beyond the original counter-terrorism referral intent."},"complexity_factors":["Requires understanding of Australian constitutional law — specifically the 'referral of powers' mechanism under section 51(xxxvii) of the Constitution","The Act itself is short and narrow in purpose, but its effect depends entirely on understanding how it interacts with Commonwealth legislation (primarily the Criminal Code Act 1995)","Operates within a cooperative federal framework involving all states and territories, adding intergovernmental complexity","The practical legal consequences for individuals flow from Commonwealth law, not this Act directly — making it easy to misread its importance","Limited legislative text available in the provided source, making full analysis of specific provisions difficult"],"plain_english_summary":"This NSW Act formally refers the state's powers over terrorism to the Commonwealth, letting federal counter‑terrorism laws (like those in the Criminal Code Act 1995) operate in NSW. \n\nIt affects everyone in NSW — harmonising police and federal agency powers and ensuring terrorism offences are prosecuted under a single national legal framework rather than disparate state laws."},"issue_detection":{"absurdities":[],"contradictions":[]}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/terrorism-commonwealth-powers-act-2002","history":"/api/acts/terrorism-commonwealth-powers-act-2002/history","analysis":"/api/acts/terrorism-commonwealth-powers-act-2002/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/terrorism-commonwealth-powers-act-2002/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/terrorism-commonwealth-powers-act-2002/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/terrorism-commonwealth-powers-act-2002/documents"}}