{"id":"F2023L00948","name":"Statement of Principles concerning Hodgkin lymphoma (Reasonable Hypothesis) (No. 70 of 2023)","slug":"statement-of-principles-concerning-hodgkin-lymphoma-reasonable-hypothesis-no-70-of-2023","collection":"legislative_instrument","jurisdiction":"commonwealth","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":104590,"registerId":"commonwealth-F2023L00948-current","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-03","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"Statement of Principles concerning Hodgkin lymphoma (Reasonable Hypothesis) (No. 70 of 2023)","content":"![Commonwealth Coat of Arms](image.001.png)\n\nStatement of Principles concerning Hodgkin lymphoma (Reasonable Hypothesis) (No. 70 of 2023)\n\nmade under subsection 196B(2) of the\n\nVeterans' Entitlements Act 1986\n\nCompilation No. 1\n\nCompilation date: 26 March 2024\n\nIncludes amendments: Amendment Statement of Principles concerning factors relating to being in Vietnam (Reasonable Hypothesis) (No. 27 of 2024) (F2024L00224)\n\nThe day of commencement of this Amendment Statement of Principles concerning factors relating to being in Vietnam is 26 March 2024.\n\nAbout this compilation\n\nThis compilation\n\nThis is a compilation of the Statement of Principles concerning Hodgkin lymphoma (Reasonable Hypothesis) (No. 70 of 2023) that shows the text of the law as amended and in force on 26 March 2024.\n\nThe notes at the end of this compilation (the endnotes) include information about amending laws and the amendment history of provisions of the compiled law.\n\nUncommenced amendments\n\nThe effect of uncommenced amendments is not shown in the text of the compiled law. Any uncommenced amendments affecting the law are accessible on the Register (www.legislation.gov.au). The details of amendments made up to, but not commenced at, the compilation date are underlined in the endnotes. For more information on any uncommenced amendments, see the Register for the compiled law.\n\nApplication, saving and transitional provisions for provisions and amendments\n\nIf the operation of a provision or amendment of the compiled law is affected by an application, saving or transitional provision that is not included in this compilation, details are included in the endnotes.\n\nModifications\n\nIf the compiled law is modified by another law, the compiled law operates as modified but the modification does not amend the text of the law. Accordingly, this compilation does not show the text of the compiled law as modified. For more information on any modifications, see the Register for the compiled law.\n\nSelf‑repealing provisions\n\nIf a provision of the compiled law has been repealed in accordance with a provision of the law, details are included in the endnotes.\n\nContents\n\n1 Name\n\n3 Authority\n\n5 Application\n\n6 Definitions\n\n7 Kind of injury, disease or death to which this Statement of Principles relates\n\n8 Basis for determining the factors\n\n9 Factors that must exist\n\n10 Relationship to service\n\n11 Factors referring to an injury or disease covered by another Statement of Principles\n\nSchedule 1 - Dictionary\n\n1 Definitions\n\nEndnotes.............................................................\n\nEndnote 1—About the endnotes\n\nEndnote 2—Abbreviation key\n\nEndnote 3—Legislation history\n\nEndnote 4—Amendment history\n\n  \n\n1 Name\n\nThis is the Statement of Principles concerning Hodgkin lymphoma (Reasonable Hypothesis) (No. 70 of 2023).\n\n3 Authority\n\nThis instrument is made under subsection 196B(2) of the Veterans' Entitlements Act 1986.\n\n5 Application\n\nThis instrument applies to a claim to which section 120A of the VEA or section 338 of the Military Rehabilitation and Compensation Act 2004 applies.\n\n6 Definitions\n\nThe terms defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary have the meaning given when used in this instrument.\n\n7 Kind of injury, disease or death to which this Statement of Principles relates\n\n(1) This Statement of Principles is about Hodgkin lymphoma and death from Hodgkin lymphoma.\n\nMeaning of Hodgkin lymphoma\n\n(2) For the purposes of this Statement of Principles, Hodgkin lymphoma:\n\n(a) means a specific group of malignant neoplasms of the lymph nodes and lymphoid tissue derived from B lymphocytes; and\n\n(b) includes:\n\n(i) nodular sclerosis classical Hodgkin lymphoma;\n\n(ii) lymphocyte-rich classical Hodgkin lymphoma;\n\n(iii) mixed cellularity classical Hodgkin lymphoma;\n\n(iv) lymphocyte-depleted classical Hodgkin lymphoma; and\n\n(v) nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma; and\n\n(c) excludes non-Hodgkin lymphoma.\n\n> Note 1: Hodgkin lymphoma is also known as Hodgkin’s lymphoma and Hodgkin’s disease.\n\n> Note 2: Symptoms of Hodgkin lymphoma include painless lymphadenopathy, fever, night sweats and loss of body mass.\n\n(3) While Hodgkin lymphoma attracts ICD‑10‑AM code C81, in applying this Statement of Principles the meaning of Hodgkin lymphoma is that given in subsection (2).\n\n(4) For subsection (3), a reference to an ICD-10-AM code is a reference to the code assigned to a particular kind of injury or disease in The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision, Australian Modification (ICD-10-AM), Tenth Edition, effective date of 1 July 2017, copyrighted by the Independent Hospital Pricing Authority, ISBN 978-1-76007-296-4.\n\nDeath from Hodgkin lymphoma\n\n(5) For the purposes of this Statement of Principles, Hodgkin lymphoma, in relation to a person, includes death from a terminal event or condition that was contributed to by the person's Hodgkin lymphoma.\n\n> Note: terminal event is defined in the Schedule 1 – Dictionary.\n\n8 Basis for determining the factors\n\nThe Repatriation Medical Authority is of the view that there is sound medical-scientific evidence that indicates that Hodgkin lymphoma and death from Hodgkin lymphoma can be related to relevant service rendered by veterans, members of Peacekeeping Forces, or members of the Forces under the VEA, or members under the MRCA.\n\n> Note: MRCA, relevant service and VEA are defined in the Schedule 1 – Dictionary.\n\n9 Factors that must exist\n\nAt least one of the following factors must as a minimum exist before it can be said that a reasonable hypothesis has been raised connecting Hodgkin lymphoma or death from Hodgkin lymphoma with the circumstances of a person's relevant service:\n\n(1) having smoked tobacco products:\n\n(a) in an amount of at least 10 pack-years before the clinical onset of Hodgkin lymphoma; and\n\n(b) commencing at least 5 years before the clinical onset of Hodgkin lymphoma; and\n\nif smoking has ceased before the clinical onset of Hodgkin lymphoma, then that onset occurred within 10 years of cessation;\n\n> Note: one pack-year is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary.\n\n(2) being obese for at least 5 years within the 20 years before the clinical onset of Hodgkin lymphoma;\n\n> Note: being obese is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary.\n\n(3) having infection with human immunodeficiency virus before the clinical onset of Hodgkin lymphoma;\n\n(4) having serological evidence of infection with Epstein-Barr virus before the clinical onset of Hodgkin lymphoma;\n\n(5) having an autoimmune disease from the specified list of autoimmune diseases before the clinical onset of Hodgkin lymphoma;\n\n> Note: specified list of autoimmune diseases is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary.\n\n(6) having received a stem cell, bone marrow or solid organ transplantation before the clinical onset of Hodgkin lymphoma;\n\n(7) having mature B-cell lymphoid leukaemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma at the time of the clinical onset of Hodgkin lymphoma;\n\n> Note: Mature B-cell lymphoid leukaemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma are also known as mature B-cell lymphoid leukaemia and small lymphocytic lymphoma, and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma.\n\n(8) inhaling, ingesting or having cutaneous contact with a chemical agent contaminated by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin (TCDD):\n\n(a) for a cumulative period of at least 1,000 hours, within a consecutive period of 10 years, before the clinical onset of Hodgkin lymphoma; and\n\n(b) where the first exposure occurred at least 5 years before the clinical onset of Hodgkin lymphoma;\n\n> Note: inhaling, ingesting or having cutaneous contact with a chemical agent contaminated by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin (TCDD) is defined in the Schedule 1 – Dictionary.\n\n(9) being:\n\n(a) on land in Vietnam; or\n\n(b) at sea in Vietnamese waters; or\n\n(c) on board a vessel and consuming potable water supplied on that vessel, when the water supply had been produced by evaporative distillation of estuarine Vietnamese waters,\n\nfor a cumulative period of at least 30 days, at least 5 years before the clinical onset of Hodgkin lymphoma;\n\n> Note: being: (a) on land in Vietnam; or (b) at sea in Vietnamese waters; and estuarine Vietnamese waters and potable water are defined in the Schedule 1 – Dictionary.\n\n(10) having an active tuberculosis disease before the clinical onset of Hodgkin lymphoma;\n\n> Note: active tuberculosis disease is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary.\n\n(11) inability to obtain appropriate clinical management for Hodgkin lymphoma before the clinical worsening of Hodgkin lymphoma.\n\n10 Relationship to service\n\n(1) The existence in a person of any factor referred to in section 9, must be related to the relevant service rendered by the person.\n\n(2) The factor set out in subsection 9(11) applies only to material contribution to, or aggravation of, Hodgkin lymphoma where the person's Hodgkin lymphoma was suffered or contracted before or during (but did not arise out of) the person's relevant service.\n\n11 Factors referring to an injury or disease covered by another Statement of Principles\n\nIn this Statement of Principles:\n\n(1) if a factor referred to in section 9 applies in relation to a person; and\n\n(2) that factor refers to an injury or disease in respect of which a Statement of Principles has been determined under subsection 196B(2) of the VEA;\n\nthen the factors in that Statement of Principles apply in accordance with the terms of that Statement of Principles as in force from time to time.\n\nSchedule 1 \\- Dictionary\n\nNote: See Section 6\n\n1 Definitions\n\nIn this instrument:\n\nactive tuberculosis disease means an illness in which tuberculosis bacteria are multiplying and inducing an inflammatory response.\n\nbeing:\n\n(a) on land in Vietnam; or\n\n(b) at sea in Vietnamese waters;\n\nmeans service in at least one of the areas and at the times described in Items 3A, 3B, 4 and 8 of Schedule 2 of the Veterans' Entitlements Act 1986.\n\nbeing obese means having a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 30 or greater.\n\n> Note: BMI is also defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary.\n\nBMI means W/H2 where:\n\n(a) W is the person's weight in kilograms; and\n\n(b) H is the person's height in metres.\n\nestuarine Vietnamese waters means at least one of the waterways or harbours in the relevant areas described in Items 4 and 8 of Schedule 2 of the VEA.\n\nHodgkin lymphoma—see subsection 7(2).\n\ninhaling, ingesting or having cutaneous contact with a chemical agent contaminated by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin (TCDD) means:\n\n(a) decanting or spraying;\n\n(b) cleaning or maintaining equipment used to apply;\n\n(c) being sprayed with;\n\n(d) handling or sawing timber treated with;\n\n(e) being in an environment shrouded in dust from timber treated with; or\n\n(f) using cutting oils contaminated with;\n\none of the following chemicals:\n\n(a) 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid;\n\n(b) 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxypropionic acid;\n\n(c) 2,4,5-trichlorophenol;\n\n(d) 2-(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)-ethyl 2,2-dichloropropionate;\n\n(e) o,o-dimethyl-o-(2,4,5-trichlorophenyl)-phosphorothioate;\n\n(f) pentachlorophenol;\n\n(g) 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol;\n\n(h) 2,4,6-trichlorophenol;\n\n(i) 1,3,5-trichloro-2-(4-nitrophenoxy)benzene;\n\n(j) 2,4-dichloro-1-(4-nitrophenoxy)benzene; or\n\n(k) 2,4-dichloro-1-(3-methoxy-4-nitrophenoxy)-benzene.\n\nMRCA means the Military Rehabilitation and Compensation Act 2004.\n\none pack-year means the amount of tobacco consumed in smoking 20 cigarettes per day for a period of 1 year, or an equivalent amount of tobacco products.\n\n> Note 1: An equivalent amount of tobacco products is 7,300 grams of smoking tobacco by weight, either in cigarettes, pipe tobacco or cigars, or a combination of same. For pipe tobacco, cigars or combinations of multiple tobacco types, 1 gram of tobacco is considered to be equal to one cigarette.\n\n> Note 2: Pack-years are calculated by dividing the number of cigarettes smoked per day by 20 and multiplying this number by the number of years the person has smoked. For example, smoking 10 cigarettes per day for 10 years is equal to 5 pack-years, and smoking 40 cigarettes per day for 10 years is equal to 20 pack-years.\n\npotable water means water that is safe for drinking, food preparation and beverage production.\n\nrelevant service means:\n\n(a) operational service under the VEA;\n\n(b) peacekeeping service under the VEA;\n\n(c) hazardous service under the VEA;\n\n(d) British nuclear test defence service under the VEA;\n\n(e) warlike service under the MRCA; or\n\n(f) non-warlike service under the MRCA.\n\n> Note: MRCA and VEA are also defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary.\n\nspecified list of autoimmune diseases means:\n\n(a) autoimmune haemolytic anaemia;\n\n(b) Behçet disease;\n\n(c) giant cell arteritis;\n\n(d) immune thrombocytopaenic purpura;\n\n(e) polyarteritis nodosa;\n\n(f) polymyalgia rheumatica;\n\n(g) polymyositis;\n\n(h) psoriasis;\n\n(i) rheumatoid arthritis;\n\n(j) sarcoidosis;\n\n(k) Sjögren syndrome; or\n\n(l) systemic lupus erythematosus.\n\nterminal event means the proximate or ultimate cause of death and includes the following:\n\n(a) pneumonia;\n\n(b) respiratory failure;\n\n(c) cardiac arrest;\n\n(d) circulatory failure; or\n\n(e) cessation of brain function.\n\nVEA means the Veterans' Entitlements Act 1986.\n\n> Note: Endnotes\n\n> Note: Endnote 1—About the endnotes\n\nThe endnotes provide information about this compilation and the compiled law.\n\nThe following endnotes are included in every compilation:\n\nEndnote 1—About the endnotes\n\nEndnote 2—Abbreviation key\n\nEndnote 3—Legislation history\n\nEndnote 4—Amendment history\n\nAbbreviation key—Endnote 2\n\nThe abbreviation key sets out abbreviations that may be used in the endnotes.\n\nLegislation history and amendment history—Endnotes 3 and 4\n\nAmending laws are annotated in the legislation history and amendment history.\n\nThe legislation history in endnote 3 provides information about each law that has amended (or will amend) the compiled law. The information includes commencement details for amending laws and details of any application, saving or transitional provisions that are not included in this compilation.\n\nThe amendment history in endnote 4 provides information about amendments at the provision (generally section or equivalent) level. It also includes information about any provision of the compiled law that has been repealed in accordance with a provision of the law.\n\nMisdescribed amendments\n\nA misdescribed amendment is an amendment that does not accurately describe how an amendment is to be made. If, despite the misdescription, the amendment can be given effect as intended, then the misdescribed amendment can be incorporated through an editorial change made under section 15V of the Legislation Act 2003.\n\nIf a misdescribed amendment cannot be given effect as intended, the amendment is not incorporated and “(md not incorp)” is added to the amendment history.\n\n> Note: Endnote 2—Abbreviation key\n\n| ad = added or inserted                         | orig = original                     |\n| ---------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- |\n| am = amended                                   | par = paragraph(s)/subparagraph(s)  |\n| amdt = amendment                               | /sub‑subparagraph(s)                |\n| c = clause(s)                                  | pres = present                      |\n| C[x] = Compilation No. x                       | prev = previous                     |\n| Ch = Chapter(s)                                | (prev…) = previously                |\n| def = definition(s)                            | Pt = Part(s)                        |\n| Dict = Dictionary                              | r = regulation(s)/rule(s)           |\n| disallowed = disallowed by Parliament          | reloc = relocated                   |\n| Div = Division(s)                              | renum = renumbered                  |\n| exp = expires/expired or ceases/ceased to have | rep = repealed                      |\n| effect                                         | rs = repealed and substituted       |\n| F = Federal Register of Legislation            | s = section(s)/subsection(s)        |\n| gaz = gazette                                  | Sch = Schedule(s)                   |\n| LA = Legislation Act 2003                      | Sdiv = Subdivision(s)               |\n| LIA = Legislative Instruments Act 2003         | SLI = Select Legislative Instrument |\n| (md not incorp) = misdescribed amendment       | SR = Statutory Rules                |\n| cannot be given effect                         | Sub‑Ch = Sub‑Chapter(s)             |\n| mod = modified/modification                    | SubPt = Subpart(s)                  |\n| No. = Number(s)                                | underlining = whole or part not     |\n| o = order(s)                                   | commenced or to be commenced        |\n| Ord = Ordinance                                |                                     |\n\n> Note: Endnote 3—Legislation history\n\n| Name                                                                                                                       | Registration                | Commencement  | Application, saving and transitional provisions |\n| -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------- | ------------- | ----------------------------------------------- |\n| Statement of Principles concerning Hodgkin lymphoma (Reasonable Hypothesis) (No. 70 of 2023)                               | 3 July 2023F2023L00948      | 25 July 2023  |                                                 |\n| Amendment Statement of Principles concerning factors relating to being in Vietnam (Reasonable Hypothesis) (No. 27 of 2024) | 28 February 2024F2024L00224 | 26 March 2024 |                                                 |\n\n> Note: Endnote 4—Amendment history\n\n| Provision affected                                                                                | How affected       |\n| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------ |\n| Section 2……………….                                                                                  | rep LA s 48D       |\n| Section 4……………….                                                                                  | rep LA s 48C       |\n| Schedule 1 – Dictionary – ' \"being (a) on land in Vietnam; or (b) at sea in Vietnamese waters\"….' | rs. No. 27 of 2024 |","sortOrder":0}],"analysis":{"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":6,"scope_assessment":{"changed":true,"description":"Yes. The compilation incorporates Amendment No. 27 of 2024 which substituted the Schedule 1 definition of \"being (a) on land in Vietnam; or (b) at sea in Vietnamese waters\" to reference Items 3A, 3B, 4 and 8 of Schedule 2 of the VEA. That amendment (commenced 26 March 2024) alters the geographic/service scope of the Vietnam‑related factor in s9(9) and therefore changes which periods/locations of service qualify under that factor (see Schedule 1 definition; Endnotes 3–4)."},"complexity_factors":["Multiple technical medical definitions and coding references (Hodgkin lymphoma definition and ICD‑10‑AM code) (see s7(2)–(4)).","Quantitative exposure and timing thresholds that require clinical and historical proof (eg. pack‑years and timing s9(1); obesity duration s9(2); TCDD cumulative hours and latency s9(8); 30‑day Vietnam service and 5‑year latency s9(9)).","Cross‑references to other statutes and schedules (VEA, MRCA, Schedule 2 of the VEA) that determine scope of ‘relevant service’ and geographic/time boundaries (see Schedule 1 definitions and s5, s10(1)).","Interplay with other Statements of Principles where factors overlap with other diseases—requiring application of two instruments (see s11).","Evidentiary and temporal concepts (clinical onset, terminal event, material contribution/aggravation) that affect causation assessments (see s7(5), s10(2)).","Administrative standard and expert role: the Repatriation Medical Authority’s view underpins the instrument (see s8), creating administrative discretion in applying the ‘reasonable hypothesis’ standard.","Burden and compliance demands on claimants to produce clinical, serological and exposure history evidence (eg. HIV/EBV serology, transplantation history, diagnosis timing implied across s7 and s9).","Recent amendment activity altering key definitions (Vietnam service wording in Schedule 1) increases legal complexity for legacy claims and requires attention to commencement dates (see Schedule 1; Endnotes 3–4)."],"plain_english_summary":"This Statement of Principles lists the medical conditions, exposures and service circumstances that, if present, raise a ‘reasonable hypothesis’ that a person’s Hodgkin lymphoma (or death from it) is related to their military service for VEA or MRCA claims. It specifies measurable thresholds (eg. smoking pack‑years, obesity, TCDD exposure, service in Vietnam) that claimants must demonstrate to link the disease to service for compensation or rehabilitation purposes."},"kimi_summary":{"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":4,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"This instrument appears to be operating within its original intended scope. It is a specific disease-based Statement of Principles made under the Veterans' Entitlements Act 1986, which is precisely the mechanism established by that Act for determining service-related compensation for particular medical conditions. The amendment history shows only a technical update to the Vietnam service definitions (Amendment No. 27 of 2024), not an expansion beyond the original purpose of establishing causal factors for Hodgkin lymphoma claims."},"complexity_factors":["Multiple defined terms (15+ definitions in Schedule 1) including technical medical terms and specific chemical compounds","Nested temporal conditions (e.g., factor 9 requires cumulative period + minimum 5-year gap before onset)","Cross-references to other legislation (Veterans' Entitlements Act 1986, Military Rehabilitation and Compensation Act 2004) and external classification systems (ICD-10-AM)","Mathematical calculations required for pack-years and BMI determinations","Specific chemical nomenclature for TCDD-contaminated agents (11 different chemical compounds listed)","Conditional logic in factor 9(11) which only applies to aggravation cases, not initial onset","Incorporation by reference of other Statements of Principles (section 11)"],"plain_english_summary":"This instrument sets a lower legal threshold — a “reasonable hypothesis” — for linking Hodgkin lymphoma to Australian military service, identifying medical and exposure evidence that, if met, supports compensation claims. \n\nIt affects veterans and current/former defence members applying under the Veterans' Entitlements Act and Military Rehabilitation and Compensation Act, and matters because it translates scientific risk factors (notably service-related exposures such as Vietnam/Agent Orange) into a practical pathway to benefits."},"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"A positive credit balance is required for all requests, including BYOK, so fallback providers remain available. Add credits at https://vercel.com/d?to=%2F%5Bteam%5D%2F%7E%2Fai%3Fmodal%3Dtop-up to continue.","source":"analysis-cron"}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/statement-of-principles-concerning-hodgkin-lymphoma-reasonable-hypothesis-no-70-of-2023","history":"/api/acts/statement-of-principles-concerning-hodgkin-lymphoma-reasonable-hypothesis-no-70-of-2023/history","analysis":"/api/acts/statement-of-principles-concerning-hodgkin-lymphoma-reasonable-hypothesis-no-70-of-2023/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/statement-of-principles-concerning-hodgkin-lymphoma-reasonable-hypothesis-no-70-of-2023/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/statement-of-principles-concerning-hodgkin-lymphoma-reasonable-hypothesis-no-70-of-2023/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/statement-of-principles-concerning-hodgkin-lymphoma-reasonable-hypothesis-no-70-of-2023/documents"}}