{"id":"F2020L00211","name":"Statement of Principles concerning acute pancreatitis (Reasonable Hypothesis) (No. 5 of 2020)","slug":"statement-of-principles-concerning-acute-pancreatitis-reasonable-hypothesis-no-5-of-2020","collection":"legislative_instrument","jurisdiction":"commonwealth","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":440397,"registerId":"F2020L00211-fast-fetch-1775956037872","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-12","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"Statement of Principles concerning acute pancreatitis (Reasonable Hypothesis) (No. 5 of 2020)","content":"---\nmeta-content-style-type: text/css\nmeta-content-type: application/xhtml+xml; charset=utf-8\nmeta-generator: Aspose.Words for .NET 20.2\n---\n\n?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?>\n\n![RMA - Australian Government Coat of Arms](image.001.jpeg)\n\n \n\nStatement of Principles\n\nconcerning\n\nACUTE PANCREATITIS  (Reasonable Hypothesis)\n\n(No. 5 of 2020)\n\nThe Repatriation Medical Authority determines the following Statement of Principles under subsection 196B(2) of the Veterans' Entitlements Act 1986.\n\n \n\nDated                                           28 February 2020\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n| The Common Seal of the  Repatriation Medical Authority  was affixed to this instrument  at the direction of:<br> |\n| --- |\n| ![RMA Chairperson signature](image.002.png)<br> <br>Professor Nicholas Saunders AO<br>Chairperson<br> |\n\n\n \n\n   \n\n\nContents\n\n1 Name\n\n2 Commencement\n\n3 Authority\n\n4 Repeal\n\n5 Application\n\n6 Definitions\n\n7 Kind of injury, disease or death to which this Statement of Principles relates\n\n8 Basis for determining the factors\n\n9 Factors that must exist\n\n10 Relationship to service\n\n11 Factors referring to an injury or disease covered by another Statement of Principles\n\nSchedule 1 - Dictionary\n\n1 Definitions\n\n \n\n\n\n\n1               Name\n\nThis is the Statement of Principles concerning acute pancreatitis (Reasonable Hypothesis) (No. 5 of 2020).\n\n2               Commencement\n\n              This instrument commences on 23 March 2020.\n\n3               Authority\n\nThis instrument is made under subsection 196B(2) of the Veterans' Entitlements Act 1986.\n\n4               Repeal\n\nThe Statement of Principles concerning acute pancreatitis No. 85 of 2011 (Federal Register of Legislation No. F2011L01442) made under subsection 196B(2) of the VEA is repealed.\n\n5               Application\n\nThis instrument applies to a claim to which section 120A of the VEA or section 338 of the Military Rehabilitation and Compensation Act 2004 applies.\n\n6               Definitions\n\nThe terms defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary have the meaning given when used in this instrument.\n\n7               Kind of injury, disease or death to which this Statement of Principles relates\n\n(1)          This Statement of Principles is about acute pancreatitis and death from acute pancreatitis.\n\nMeaning of acute pancreatitis\n\n(2)          For the purposes of this Statement of Principles, acute pancreatitis means an acute inflammatory condition due to auto-digestion of pancreatic tissue by its own enzymes.\n\nNote: Acute pancreatitis typically presents with abdominal pain.  It is usually associated with raised levels of pancreatic enzymes in blood or urine.\n\n(3)          While acute pancreatitis attracts ICD‑10‑AM code K85, in applying this Statement of Principles the meaning of acute pancreatitis is that given in subsection (2).\n\n(4)          For subsection (3), a reference to an ICD-10-AM code is a reference to the code assigned to a particular kind of injury or disease in The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision, Australian Modification (ICD-10-AM), Tenth Edition, effective date of 1 July 2017, copyrighted by the Independent Hospital Pricing Authority, ISBN 978-1-76007-296-4.\n\nDeath from acute pancreatitis\n\n(5)          For the purposes of this Statement of Principles, acute pancreatitis, in relation to a person, includes death from a terminal event or condition that was contributed to by the person's acute pancreatitis.\n\nNote: terminal event is defined in the Schedule 1 – Dictionary.\n\n8               Basis for determining the factors\n\nThe Repatriation Medical Authority is of the view that there is sound medical‑scientific evidence that indicates that acute pancreatitis and death from acute pancreatitis can be related to relevant service rendered by veterans, members of Peacekeeping Forces, or members of the Forces under the VEA, or members under the MRCA.\n\nNote: MRCA, relevant service and VEA are defined in the Schedule 1 – Dictionary.\n\n9               Factors that must exist\n\nAt least one of the following factors must as a minimum exist before it can be said that a reasonable hypothesis has been raised connecting acute pancreatitis or death from acute pancreatitis with the circumstances of a person's relevant service:\n\n(1)          smoking at least 15 pack-years of cigarettes, or the equivalent thereof in other tobacco products, before the clinical onset of acute pancreatitis, and where smoking has ceased, the clinical onset of acute pancreatitis has occurred within ten years of cessation;\n\nNote: pack-years of cigarettes, or the equivalent thereof in other tobacco products is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary.             \n\n(2)          consuming an average of at least 420 grams of alcohol per week for at least the ten years before the clinical onset of acute pancreatitis;\n\nNote: Alcohol consumption is calculated utilising the Australian Standard of ten grams of alcohol per standard alcoholic drink.\n\n(3)          having cholelithiasis at the time of the clinical onset of acute pancreatitis;\n\n(4)          having biliary microlithiasis or biliary sludge at the time of the clinical onset of acute pancreatitis;\n\nNote: biliary microlithiasis or biliary sludge is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary.               \n\n(5)          having pancreatic outflow obstruction due to a disorder from the specified list at the time of the clinical onset of acute pancreatitis;\n\nNote: pancreatic outflow obstruction is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary.             \n\n(6)          having penetrating or major blunt trauma to the upper abdomen or to the back, within the seven days before the clinical onset of acute pancreatitis;\n\n(7)          having a spinal cord injury within the seven days before the clinical onset of acute pancreatitis;\n\n(8)          undergoing a procedure from the specified list of procedures, within the 30 days before the clinical onset of acute pancreatitis;\n\nNote: specified list of procedures is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary.\n\n(9)          undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography, endoscopic sphincterotomy of the sphincter of Oddi, or manometry of the sphincter of Oddi within the seven days before the clinical onset of acute pancreatitis;\n\n(10)      undergoing a course of peritoneal dialysis or haemodialysis for renal disease at the time of the clinical onset of acute pancreatitis;\n\n(11)      having a solid organ transplant before the clinical onset of acute pancreatitis;\n\n(12)      being treated with a drug or a drug from a class of drugs from the specified list of drugs, at the time of the clinical onset of acute pancreatitis;\n\nNote: specified list of drugs is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary.             \n\n(13)      being treated with a drug which is associated in the individual with:\n\n(a)          the development of the symptoms or signs of acute pancreatitis within two months of commencing drug therapy; and\n\n(b)          the cessation of the symptoms or signs of acute pancreatitis following the discontinuation of drug therapy; and\n\n(c)          an absence of clinical or laboratory evidence of acute pancreatitis prior to beginning drug therapy; and\n\n(d)          where treatment with the drug continued for at least the three days before the clinical onset of acute pancreatitis;\n\n(14)      having diabetes mellitus at the time of the clinical onset of acute pancreatitis; \n\n(15)      having hypertriglyceridaemia resulting in triglyceride levels above 11.3 millimoles per litre (or 1 000 milligrams per decilitre) at the time of the clinical onset of acute pancreatitis;\n\n(16)      having hypercalcaemia at the time of the clinical onset of acute pancreatitis;\n\n(17)      having a disease from the specified list of diseases at the time of the clinical onset of acute pancreatitis;\n\nNote: specified list of diseases is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary.             \n\n(18)      having a disorder resulting in disseminated intravascular coagulation and/or profound systemic hypotension with pancreatic acinar damage within the seven days before the clinical onset of acute pancreatitis;\n\n(19)      having an acute infection with an organism at the time of the clinical onset of acute pancreatitis;\n\nNote: acute infection with an organism is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary.             \n\n(20)      having infection with human immunodeficiency virus at the time of the clinical onset of acute pancreatitis;\n\n(21)      having an infestation from the specified list of infestations at the time of the clinical onset of acute pancreatitis;\n\nNote: specified list of infestations is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary.             \n\n(22)      being envenomated by a snake or scorpion from the specified list within the seven days before the clinical onset of acute pancreatitis;\n\nNote: snake or scorpion from the specified list is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary.             \n\n(23)      having acute toxicity after oral ingestion of mushrooms containing alpha-amanitin within the seven days before the clinical onset of acute pancreatitis;\n\nNote: alpha-amanitin is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary.\n\n(24)      ingesting an agent from the specified list of agents and experiencing acute toxicity within the seven days before the clinical onset of acute pancreatitis;\n\nNote: specified list of agents is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary.\n\n(25)      for severe acute pancreatitis only, being obese at the time of the clinical onset of acute pancreatitis;\n\nNote: being obese and severe acute pancreatitis are defined in the Schedule 1 – Dictionary.\n\n(26)      inability to obtain appropriate clinical management for acute pancreatitis.\n\n10           Relationship to service\n\n(1)          The existence in a person of any factor referred to in section 9, must be related to the relevant service rendered by the person.\n\n(2)          The factor set out in subsection 9(26) applies only to material contribution to, or aggravation of, acute pancreatitis where the person's acute pancreatitis was suffered or contracted before or during (but did not arise out of) the person's relevant service.\n\n11           Factors referring to an injury or disease covered by another Statement of Principles\n\nIn this Statement of Principles:\n\n(1)          if a factor referred to in section 9 applies in relation to a person; and\n\n(2)          that factor refers to an injury or disease in respect of which a Statement of Principles has been determined under subsection 196B(2) of the VEA;\n\nthen the factors in that Statement of Principles apply in accordance with the terms of that Statement of Principles as in force from time to time.\n\n \n\n \n\nSchedule 1 - Dictionary  \n\nNote:               See Section 6\n\n1               Definitions\n\nIn this instrument:\n\n                               acute infection with an organism means serological and/or clinical evidence of acute infection with one of the following organisms:\n\n(a)          coxsackievirus;\n\n(b)          Cryptosporidium;\n\n(c)          cytomegalovirus;\n\n(d)          Epstein-Barr virus;\n\n(e)          hepatitis virus;\n\n(f)           herpes simplex virus;\n\n(g)          Legionella spp;\n\n(h)          Leptospira spp;\n\n(i)            measles virus;\n\n(j)            mumps virus;\n\n(k)          Mycobacterium avium;\n\n(l)            Mycobacterium tuberculosis;\n\n(m)        Mycoplasma pneumoniae;\n\n(n)          Orientia tsutsugamushi;\n\n(o)          Salmonella enterica;\n\n(p)          Salmonella bongori; or\n\n(q)          varicella-zoster virus.\n\n                               acute pancreatitis—see subsection 7(2).\n\n                               alpha-amanitin means the cyclopeptide toxin present in some mushrooms such as Amanita phalloides which produces amanita poisoning.\n\n                               being obese means having a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 30 or greater.\n\nNote: BMI is also defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary.\n\n                               biliary microlithiasis or biliary sludge means the presence of small stones (1-2 millimetres) due to aggregation of bile constituents into a stone or calculus, or a collection of crystals, glycoproteins, protein, cellular debris and mucin in the biliary tract.\n\n                                BMI means W/H2 where:\n\nW is the person's weight in kilograms; and\n\nH is the person's height in metres.\n\n                               MRCA means the Military Rehabilitation and Compensation Act 2004.\n\n                               pack-years of cigarettes, or the equivalent thereof in other tobacco products means a calculation of consumption where one pack-year of cigarettes equals twenty tailor-made cigarettes per day for a period of one calendar year, or 7 300 cigarettes.  One tailor-made cigarette approximates one gram of tobacco or one gram of cigar or pipe tobacco by weight.  One pack-year of tailor-made cigarettes equates to 7.3 kilograms of smoking tobacco by weight.  Tobacco products mean cigarettes, pipe tobacco or cigars, smoked alone or in any combination.\n\n                               pancreatic outflow obstruction means a demonstrated obstruction to the pancreatic ductal system, and which may be caused by one of the following disorders:\n\n(a)          ampullary, duodenal or pancreatic tumours (primary and secondary tumours);\n\n(b)          choledococoele;\n\n(c)          foreign body; or\n\n(d)          periampullary duodenal diverticula.\n\nNote: A foreign body may include, but is not limited to, a migrating stent or tube, or a bezoar.\n\n                               relevant service means:\n\n(a)          operational service under the VEA;\n\n(b)          peacekeeping service under the VEA;\n\n(c)          hazardous service under the VEA;\n\n(d)          British nuclear test defence service under the VEA;\n\n(e)          warlike service under the MRCA; or\n\n(f)           non-warlike service under the MRCA.\n\nNote: MRCA and VEA are also defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary.\n\n                               severe acute pancreatitis means acute pancreatitis requiring hospitalisation, or death from acute pancreatitis.\n\n                               snake or scorpion from the specified list means:\n\n(a)          Cerastes cerastes;\n\n(b)          Tityus asthenes;\n\n(c)          Tityus trinitatis; or\n\n(d)          Viperidae family.\n\n                               specified list of agents means:\n\n(a)          aspirin in overdose;\n\n(b)          carbamate insecticide;\n\n(c)          methyl alcohol;\n\n(d)          organophosphorous insecticide; or\n\n(e)          paracetamol in overdose.\n\n                               specified list of diseases means:\n\n(a)          Henoch-Schönlein purpura;\n\n(b)          inflammatory bowel disease;\n\n(c)          microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia;\n\n(d)          microscopic polyangiitis;\n\n(e)          polyarteritis nodosa; or\n\n(f)           systemic lupus erythematosus.\n\n                               specified list of drugs means:\n\n(a)          ACE inhibitors;\n\n(b)          analgesics and opioids;\n\n(c)          angiotensin receptor blockers;\n\n(d)          anti-arrhythmics;\n\n(e)          antibacterials;\n\n(f)           anticonvulsants;\n\n(g)          antipsychotics;\n\n(h)          antithyroid agents;\n\n(i)            antituberculars;\n\n(j)            antivirals;\n\n(k)          cancer chemotherapy agents;\n\n(l)            cancer immunotherapy agents;\n\n(m)        cannabis;\n\n(n)          centrally acting adrenergics;\n\n(o)          cholesterol lowering drugs;\n\n(p)          diuretics (loop, thiazide);\n\n(q)          estrogens;\n\n(r)           glucocorticoids (systemic);\n\n(s)           H2 antagonists,\n\n(t)            incretins (dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors);\n\n(u)          inflammatory bowel disease agents;\n\n(v)          intravenous lipid emulsion;\n\n(w)        propofol;\n\n(x)          proton pump inhibitors;\n\n(y)          pyridoxine; or\n\n(z)          retinoids.\n\n                               specified list of infestations means:\n\n(a)          ascariasis;\n\n(b)          clonorchiasis;\n\n(c)          Echinococcus granulosus;\n\n(d)          Ancylostoma duodenale or Necator americanus; or\n\n(e)          strongyloidiasis.\n\n                               specified list of procedures means:\n\n(a)          intra-abdominal surgery;\n\n(b)          intrathoracic surgery;\n\n(c)          spinal surgery; or\n\n(d)          upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.\n\n                               terminal event means the proximate or ultimate cause of death and includes the following:\n\n(a)           pneumonia;\n\n(b)           respiratory failure;\n\n(c)           cardiac arrest;\n\n(d)           circulatory failure; or\n\n(e)           cessation of brain function.\n\n                               VEA means the Veterans' Entitlements Act 1986.\n\n \n\n \n","sortOrder":0}],"analysis":{"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"A positive credit balance is required for all requests, including BYOK, so fallback providers remain available. Add credits at https://vercel.com/d?to=%2F%5Bteam%5D%2F%7E%2Fai%3Fmodal%3Dtop-up to continue.","source":"analysis-cron"},"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":5,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"This instrument replaces the 2011 Statement of Principles for acute pancreatitis but retains the same core scope: it applies to acute pancreatitis and death from acute pancreatitis in claims under the VEA and MRCA (sections 4–5 and 7). The update revises and specifies factors, definitions and timeframes (Schedule 1 and section 9) rather than extending the instrument beyond its original subject matter."},"complexity_factors":["26 enumerated causative factors in section 9 with varied temporal windows and conditions","Many defined terms in Schedule 1 (over 25 named definitions and several long 'specified lists')","Specified lists with multiple items: e.g. specified list of drugs contains ~26 drug classes/agents","Multiple different time thresholds (7 days, 30 days, 2 months, 10 years, 10‑year alcohol/tobacco exposure period)","Cross‑reference to other Statements of Principles (section 11) creating dependency on other instruments","Objective numeric thresholds (e.g. 420 g alcohol/week; triglycerides > 11.3 mmol/L; BMI ≥ 30; 15 pack‑years) that require measurement/verification","Replacement (repeal) of a prior instrument — requires checking differences against the 2011 Statement when applied in practice"],"plain_english_summary":"**What this instrument is**\n\n- This is a Repatriation Medical Authority \"Statement of Principles\" about acute pancreatitis and death from acute pancreatitis. It sets out the medical factors that are taken to be capable of raising a \"reasonable hypothesis\" that a person's acute pancreatitis is connected to their relevant service (see sections 1, 3 and 7).\n\n**Who it affects**\n\n- People making claims under the Veterans' Entitlements Act 1986 (VEA) or the Military Rehabilitation and Compensation Act 2004 (MRCA) — for example, veterans, members of Peacekeeping Forces and current or former members of the Australian Defence Force (section 5 and Schedule definitions).\n\n**What it does, mechanically**\n\n- Repeals the previous 2011 Statement of Principles for acute pancreatitis and replaces it with a new list of medical factors and definitions (section 4).\n\n- Defines acute pancreatitis for the purposes of claims (section 7(2)–(4)) and explicitly includes death where acute pancreatitis contributed to the terminal event (section 7(5)).\n\n- Lists the specific medical factors (26 numbered items) which, if at least one is present and is related to the person's relevant service, are sufficient to raise a reasonable hypothesis connecting acute pancreatitis (or death from it) to service (section 9 and section 10(1)). Important examples include:\n  - Heavy smoking (at least 15 pack‑years) with clinical onset during smoking or within 10 years of cessation (section 9(1) and Schedule definition of pack‑years);\n  - Long‑term heavy alcohol use (average of at least 420 g alcohol/week for at least 10 years) prior to clinical onset (section 9(2));\n  - Gallstones (cholelithiasis) or biliary sludge/microlithiasis at the time of onset (sections 9(3)–(4));\n  - Pancreatic duct outflow obstruction from specified causes (section 9(5));\n  - Trauma, spinal cord injury, certain procedures or endoscopic interventions within tight time windows before onset (sections 9(6)–(9));\n  - Dialysis, solid organ transplant, many named drug classes or specific drugs, or drug‑related temporal patterns (sections 9(10)–(13));\n  - Metabolic causes such as severe hypertriglyceridaemia (>11.3 mmol/L), hypercalcaemia, diabetes mellitus (sections 9(14)–(16));\n  - A range of infections, infestations, envenomations, toxin ingestions and other specified conditions (sections 9(17)–(24));\n  - Obesity as a factor for severe acute pancreatitis (section 9(25));\n  - Inability to obtain appropriate clinical management (section 9(26)), but only in limited circumstances (see section 10(2)).\n\n- Provides detailed definitions and lists in Schedule 1 so that decision makers know what each factor means (for example: which organisms count as \"acute infection\", which drugs are on the specified list, and exact BMI and pack‑year calculations).\n\n- Cross‑references: where a factor invokes another injury or disease that already has its own Statement of Principles, that other Statement applies (section 11).\n\n**Why it matters for claimants and decision makers**\n\n- The Statement sets out clear, enumerated medical situations and timeframes that are pre‑accepted as raising a reasonable hypothesis of a service connection. Decision makers will use this list when assessing causation in VEA/MRCA claims (sections 8–10).\n\n- For claimants, the instrument identifies the types of clinical evidence that will matter (e.g. documented pack‑years or alcohol intake, laboratory values for triglycerides/calcium, operation or procedure dates, drug records, infection serology, BMI). That focuses evidentiary effort on those items rather than requiring every claimant to commission new expert causal opinions in every case.\n\n**Costs, incentives and implementation points to note**\n\n- Who pays: successful claims may result in payments or entitlements under the VEA or MRCA — ultimately funded by the Commonwealth.\n\n- Who decides and how: the Repatriation Medical Authority sets the Statement; Veterans' Affairs decision makers apply it when assessing whether a \"reasonable hypothesis\" exists connecting the condition to service (sections 3, 8–10).\n\n- Evidence burden: claimants must provide (or enable access to) medical records and objective measures that match the factors and the timing windows in section 9 and Schedule 1. Some items (self‑reported alcohol or smoking history) are inherently imprecise and may create evidentiary friction.\n\n- Temporal precision and thresholds: several factors only count within narrow windows (7 days, 30 days, 2 months, 10 years) or above precise laboratory thresholds (e.g. triglycerides > 11.3 mmol/L). These precise cut‑offs reduce discretion but increase the risk that a claimant narrowly misses a qualifying window.\n\n- Interaction with other Statements of Principles: where a listed factor is itself an injury/disease with its own Statement, that separate Statement governs the factor (section 11). That can complicate cases where multiple causal chains or overlapping causes exist.\n\n- Administrative effects: the Statement standardises causation assessment for acute pancreatitis claims, likely reducing the need for bespoke medical causation reports in straightforward cases, but increasing administrative work to check the specific definitions, lists and timeframes in the Schedule.\n\n**Bottom line**\n\n- This instrument provides a rule‑based, itemised list of medical factors and definitions that decision makers will treat as capable of establishing a reasonable hypothesis that acute pancreatitis (or death from it) is connected to a person's relevant service. It changes the evidence and timing expectations claimants and case officers must meet, and replaces the earlier 2011 Statement of Principles on the same topic."},"kimi_summary":{"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":6,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"This instrument maintains the established scope of Repatriation Medical Authority Statements of Principles. It updates the 2011 version with current medical evidence but does not expand beyond the traditional function of establishing service-connection factors for a specific disease. The structure, referencing mechanism, and relationship to the veterans' compensation framework remain consistent with longstanding RMA practice."},"complexity_factors":["26 distinct causal factors with varying temporal requirements (7-day, 30-day, 10-year windows)","17 defined terms in Schedule 1, many referencing external medical classifications (ICD-10-AM) or requiring mathematical calculations (BMI, pack-years)","Multiple nested definitions (e.g., 'severe acute pancreatitis' depends on 'acute pancreatitis' which depends on ICD-10-AM codes)","Cross-referencing mechanism in section 11 that imports other Statements of Principles dynamically","Specific quantitative thresholds throughout (15 pack-years, 420g alcohol/week, 11.3 mmol/L triglycerides, BMI ≥30)","Conditional logic in factor 9(13) requiring four cumulative conditions for drug-induced pancreatitis","Dual legislative framework application (VEA and MRCA) with different service definitions","Special limitation in section 10(2) restricting factor 26 to aggravation cases only"],"plain_english_summary":"This Statement of Principles under the Veterans' Entitlements Act sets the medical criteria for deciding whether acute pancreatitis (or death from it) is connected to military service, guiding DVA decision‑makers and affecting veterans, peacekeepers, and current or former Defence members who claim compensation.\n\nIt lists 26 medical factors (e.g., heavy alcohol use, smoking, gallstones, infections, trauma, certain drugs/procedures, envenomation), includes time limits, a special rule for obesity, and a catch‑all for inadequate treatment. Replaces the 2011 instrument; commenced 23 March 2020."}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/statement-of-principles-concerning-acute-pancreatitis-reasonable-hypothesis-no-5-of-2020","history":"/api/acts/statement-of-principles-concerning-acute-pancreatitis-reasonable-hypothesis-no-5-of-2020/history","analysis":"/api/acts/statement-of-principles-concerning-acute-pancreatitis-reasonable-hypothesis-no-5-of-2020/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/statement-of-principles-concerning-acute-pancreatitis-reasonable-hypothesis-no-5-of-2020/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/statement-of-principles-concerning-acute-pancreatitis-reasonable-hypothesis-no-5-of-2020/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/statement-of-principles-concerning-acute-pancreatitis-reasonable-hypothesis-no-5-of-2020/documents"}}