{"id":"F2021L00954","name":"Road Vehicle Standards (Classes of Vehicles that are Road Vehicles) Determination 2021","slug":"road-vehicle-standards-classes-of-vehicles-that-are-road-vehicles-determination-2021","collection":"legislative_instrument","jurisdiction":"commonwealth","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":101971,"registerId":"commonwealth-F2021L00954-current","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-03","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"Name","content":"#### 1 Name\n\n  This instrument is the Road Vehicle Standards (Classes of Vehicles that are Road Vehicles) Determination 2021.","sortOrder":0},{"sectionNumber":"3","sectionType":"section","heading":"Authority","content":"#### 3 Authority\n\n  This instrument is made under paragraph 6(5)(a) of the Road Vehicle Standards Act 2018.","sortOrder":1},{"sectionNumber":"4","sectionType":"section","heading":"Purpose of this instrument","content":"#### 4 Purpose of this instrument\n\n  This instrument sets out classes of vehicles that are road vehicles for the purposes of the Act.","sortOrder":2},{"sectionNumber":"5","sectionType":"section","heading":"Definitions","content":"#### 5 Definitions\n\n> Note: A number of expressions used in this instrument are defined in the Act, including:\n\n    (a) motor vehicle; and\n    (b) public road.\n  (1) In this instrument:\n\n> Act means the Road Vehicle Standards Act 2018.\n\n> airport service vehicle means a motor vehicle that is:\n\n    (a) designed to service an aircraft within an airport; and\n    (b) built on a truck chassis; and\n    (c) designed to be capable of operating on a public road.\n\n> campervan or motorhome means a motor vehicle that is:\n\n    (a) designed for use in transport on a public road; and\n    (b) intended to provide temporary living accommodation for one or more individuals.\n\n> concrete pumper means a motor vehicle, other than a forklift, that:\n\n    (a) is designed to pump concrete; and\n    (b) is designed to travel on rubber tyres; and\n    (c) is capable of travelling at a reasonable speed by road without obstructing the flow of traffic; and\n    (d) has a cabin that allows the operator to drive the vehicle between sites; and\n    (e) has one or more road-going features.\n\n> dual-purpose motorcycle means a two-wheeled vehicle or three-wheeled vehicle that:\n\n    (a) is designed for use on cross-country or unpaved terrain; and\n    (b) has one or more road-going features.\n\n> food or catering van means a motor vehicle that:\n\n    (a) is designed and manufactured for the preparation or vending of food; or\n    (b) has been modified to be used for that purpose.\n\n> Note: Example: Mobile food vans, ice-cream vans and mobile snack trucks are examples of food or catering vans.\n\n> mobile crane means a motor vehicle, other than a forklift or rough terrain crane, that:\n\n    (a) is designed to lift a load; and\n    (b) is designed to travel on rubber tyres; and\n    (c) is capable of travelling at a reasonable speed by road without obstructing the flow of traffic; and\n    (d) has a cabin that allows the operator to drive the vehicle between sites; and\n    (e) has one or more road-going features.\n\n> rough terrain crane means a motor vehicle that:\n\n    (a) is designed to lift a load; and\n    (b) is designed for off-road use; and\n    (c) is designed to travel on rubber tyres; and\n    (d) has a cabin that allows the operator to drive the vehicle on site; and\n    (e) has a boom projecting more than 5.5 metres in front of a transverse vertical plane through the centre of the steering wheel.\n\n> three‑wheeled vehicle means a vehicle in one of the following vehicle categories:\n\n    (a) Moped ‑ 3 wheels (LB);\n    (b) Motor cycle and side‑car (LD);\n    (c) Motor tricycle (LE).\n\n> two‑wheeled vehicle means a vehicle in one of the following vehicle categories:\n\n    (a) Moped ‑ 2 wheels (LA);\n    (b) Motor cycle (LC).\n\n> vehicle category has the same meaning as in the Road Vehicle Standards Rules 2019.\n\n  (2) Each of the following is a road-going feature:\n    (a) direction indicators;\n    (b) brake lights;\n    (c) rear vision mirrors;\n    (d) provision for mounting a registration plate;\n    (e) seatbelts;\n    (f) a fully enclosed cabin with doors.","sortOrder":3},{"sectionNumber":"6","sectionType":"section","heading":"Classes of vehicles that are road vehicles","content":"#### 6 Classes of vehicles that are road vehicles\n\n  The following classes of vehicles are road vehicles:\n    (a) airport service vehicles;\n    (b) concrete pumpers;\n    (c) dual-purpose motorcycles;\n    (d) food or catering vans;\n    (e) mobile cranes;\n    (f) vehicles that are campervans or motorhomes.","sortOrder":4}],"analysis":{"kimi_summary":{"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":2,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"The instrument remains tightly focused on its original purpose of specifying which vehicle classes are 'road vehicles' under the Act. It has not expanded beyond this definitional role."},"complexity_factors":["Short instrument: only 6 operative sections","Minimal cross-referencing: only references to the parent Act and the Road Vehicle Standards Rules 2019 for vehicle category definitions","Straightforward definitional structure: 8 defined terms in section 5, most using simple cumulative criteria (a)-(e) format","No nested exceptions or conditional logic: each vehicle class stands alone with clear criteria","Single purpose instrument: does one thing—lists vehicle classes—without ancillary provisions"],"plain_english_summary":"This law specifies certain vehicle types that count as \"road vehicles\" under the Road Vehicle Standards Act 2018, making them subject to safety and approval rules before sale or road use. It clarifies borderline cases—e.g., airport service trucks, concrete pumpers, dual‑purpose motorcycles, food vans, mobile cranes, and campervans—and defines \"road‑going features\" (indicators, lights, mirrors, seatbelts, enclosed cabins) to decide when a vehicle must meet road standards."},"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":3,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"The instrument sets out which classes are to be treated as road vehicles under the Act (s 4, s 6). The text contains no indication it narrows or expands the Act’s statutory reach beyond the authority cited (paragraph 6(5)(a) of the Act) — it operationalises that power by listing classes and defining terms (s 3, s 6)."},"complexity_factors":["Short, focused instrument with a single mechanical effect: classifying certain vehicle types as road vehicles (s 4, s 6).","Multiple detailed, criteria‑based definitions (e.g. ‘concrete pumper’, ‘mobile crane’, ‘rough terrain crane’) require factual assessment against design and capability elements (s 5).","Cross‑references to the Road Vehicle Standards Act 2018 and the Road Vehicle Standards Rules 2019 mean practical scope depends on other instruments (s 3, s 5).","Several criteria use imprecise terms (e.g. ‘capable of travelling at a reasonable speed’, ‘one or more road‑going features’) creating interpretive burdens for regulators and industry (s 5(1), s 5(2)).","Overlap with terms defined in the Act (e.g. ‘motor vehicle’, ‘public road’) requires application of both instruments to determine compliance obligations (s 5 note)."],"plain_english_summary":"This instrument declares specific types of motor vehicles to be “road vehicles” for the purposes of the Road Vehicle Standards Act 2018 (it lists vehicle classes such as airport service vehicles, concrete pumpers, dual‑purpose motorcycles, food/catering vans, mobile cranes and campervans). That classification matters for manufacturers, importers, owners and regulators because it determines which vehicles are subject to the Act’s regulatory requirements and processes."},"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"A positive credit balance is required for all requests, including BYOK, so fallback providers remain available. Add credits at https://vercel.com/d?to=%2F%5Bteam%5D%2F%7E%2Fai%3Fmodal%3Dtop-up to continue.","source":"analysis-cron"}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/road-vehicle-standards-classes-of-vehicles-that-are-road-vehicles-determination-2021","history":"/api/acts/road-vehicle-standards-classes-of-vehicles-that-are-road-vehicles-determination-2021/history","analysis":"/api/acts/road-vehicle-standards-classes-of-vehicles-that-are-road-vehicles-determination-2021/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/road-vehicle-standards-classes-of-vehicles-that-are-road-vehicles-determination-2021/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/road-vehicle-standards-classes-of-vehicles-that-are-road-vehicles-determination-2021/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/road-vehicle-standards-classes-of-vehicles-that-are-road-vehicles-determination-2021/documents"}}