{"id":"qld:act-1940-005","name":"River Improvement Trust Act 1940","slug":"river-improvement-trust-act-1940","collection":"act","jurisdiction":"qld","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":"5 of 1940","makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":105733,"registerId":"qld-act-1940-005-current","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-03","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"pt.1","sectionType":"part","heading":"Preliminary","content":"# Preliminary","sortOrder":0},{"sectionNumber":"sec.1","sectionType":"section","heading":"Short title","content":"### sec.1 Short title\n\nThis Act may be cited as the River Improvement Trust Act 1940 .\ns 1 amd 1959 8 Eliz 2 No. 27 ss 2, 4; 2014 No. 64 s 21","sortOrder":1},{"sectionNumber":"sec.2","sectionType":"section","heading":"Definitions","content":"### sec.2 Definitions\n\nThe dictionary in schedule 1 defines particular words used in this Act.\ns 2 prev s 2 amd 1959 8 Eliz 2 No. 27 s 4; 1985 No. 111 s 2 (a) , (d) ; 1997 No. 78 s 95\nNote—prev s 2 contained definitions for this Act. Definitions are now located in schedule 1 (Dictionary). Annotations for definitions contained in prev s 2 are located in annotations for sch 1.\npres s 2 amd 2013 No. 23 s 188 (3)","sortOrder":2},{"sectionNumber":"sec.2A","sectionType":"section","heading":"Object","content":"### sec.2A Object\n\nThe object of this Act is to provide for the responsible management of river catchment areas through—\nplanning for and implementing measures that improve the protection, health and resilience of rivers and their catchments; and\nrepairing, and preventing damage to, rivers and their catchments; and\nrestoring natural resilience to flooding and cyclones in rivers and their catchments; and\nprotection of water security; and\nimproving water quality and river system function in rivers and their catchments.\nThe object is to be achieved mainly by—\nestablishing river improvement areas; and\nestablishing for the areas trusts that have the powers and functions to achieve the matters mentioned in subsection (1) (a) to (e) .\ns 2A ins 2014 No. 64 s 22\n(sec.2A-ssec.1) The object of this Act is to provide for the responsible management of river catchment areas through— planning for and implementing measures that improve the protection, health and resilience of rivers and their catchments; and repairing, and preventing damage to, rivers and their catchments; and restoring natural resilience to flooding and cyclones in rivers and their catchments; and protection of water security; and improving water quality and river system function in rivers and their catchments.\n(sec.2A-ssec.2) The object is to be achieved mainly by— establishing river improvement areas; and establishing for the areas trusts that have the powers and functions to achieve the matters mentioned in subsection (1) (a) to (e) .\n- (a) planning for and implementing measures that improve the protection, health and resilience of rivers and their catchments; and\n- (b) repairing, and preventing damage to, rivers and their catchments; and\n- (c) restoring natural resilience to flooding and cyclones in rivers and their catchments; and\n- (d) protection of water security; and\n- (e) improving water quality and river system function in rivers and their catchments.\n- (a) establishing river improvement areas; and\n- (b) establishing for the areas trusts that have the powers and functions to achieve the matters mentioned in subsection (1) (a) to (e) .","sortOrder":3},{"sectionNumber":"pt.2","sectionType":"part","heading":"Establishment of river improvement areas and trusts","content":"# Establishment of river improvement areas and trusts","sortOrder":4},{"sectionNumber":"sec.3","sectionType":"section","heading":"River improvement areas","content":"### sec.3 River improvement areas\n\nA regulation may establish a river improvement area, and may change or abolish the area.\nA river improvement area must be made up of—\nall or part of a local government area; or\nall or part of each of 2 or more local government areas.\nA local government, or 2 or more local governments acting jointly, may apply to the Minister for the establishment, change or abolition of a river improvement area.\nThe Minister must consider an application under subsection (3) and make a recommendation on the application to the Governor in Council.\nThe Minister may recommend to the Governor in Council the making of a regulation under subsection (1) whether or not an application has been made under subsection (3) , and whether or not the regulation recommended is consistent with an application under subsection (3) .\nA regulation establishing a river improvement area must assign a name to the area.\nA regulation changing a river improvement area may change the name of a river improvement area.\ns 3 amd 1959 8 Eliz 2 No. 27 ss 4, 5; 1965 No. 34 s 3 ; 1977 No. 5 s 6 ; 1992 No. 15 s 13 sch ; 1994 No. 15 s 3 sch 1 ; 1995 No. 58 s 4 sch 1 ; 1996 No. 68 s 3 ; 1997 No. 78 s 96\nsub 2014 No. 64 s 23\n(sec.3-ssec.1) A regulation may establish a river improvement area, and may change or abolish the area.\n(sec.3-ssec.2) A river improvement area must be made up of— all or part of a local government area; or all or part of each of 2 or more local government areas.\n(sec.3-ssec.3) A local government, or 2 or more local governments acting jointly, may apply to the Minister for the establishment, change or abolition of a river improvement area.\n(sec.3-ssec.4) The Minister must consider an application under subsection (3) and make a recommendation on the application to the Governor in Council.\n(sec.3-ssec.5) The Minister may recommend to the Governor in Council the making of a regulation under subsection (1) whether or not an application has been made under subsection (3) , and whether or not the regulation recommended is consistent with an application under subsection (3) .\n(sec.3-ssec.6) A regulation establishing a river improvement area must assign a name to the area.\n(sec.3-ssec.7) A regulation changing a river improvement area may change the name of a river improvement area.\n- (a) all or part of a local government area; or\n- (b) all or part of each of 2 or more local government areas.","sortOrder":5},{"sectionNumber":"sec.4","sectionType":"section","heading":"Trusts for river improvement areas","content":"### sec.4 Trusts for river improvement areas\n\nA regulation establishing a river improvement area must establish and name a trust for the area.\nA regulation changing a river improvement area may change the trust for a river improvement area, including by changing its name.\nA regulation abolishing a river improvement area must abolish the trust for the area.\nThe name of a trust as provided for in a regulation establishing or changing the trust must be a name the Minister is satisfied is suitable, having regard to the intended scope of operations of the trust and the persons who are appointed to make up the trust.\nIt is not necessary for the word ‘trust’ to form part of a trust’s name.\nA regulation changing or abolishing a river improvement area may provide for any matter necessary or convenient to give effect to the change or abolition.\nWithout limiting subsection (6) , the regulation may transfer assets and liabilities of a trust to another trust.\ns 4 amd 1959 8 Eliz 2 No. 27 ss 4, 6; 1994 No. 15 s 3 sch 1 ; 1997 No. 78 s 97\n(3)–(4) AIA s 20A applies (see s 4(5))\n(3)–(6) exp 5 January 1998 (see s 4(6))\nsub 2014 No. 64 s 23\n(sec.4-ssec.1) A regulation establishing a river improvement area must establish and name a trust for the area.\n(sec.4-ssec.2) A regulation changing a river improvement area may change the trust for a river improvement area, including by changing its name.\n(sec.4-ssec.3) A regulation abolishing a river improvement area must abolish the trust for the area.\n(sec.4-ssec.4) The name of a trust as provided for in a regulation establishing or changing the trust must be a name the Minister is satisfied is suitable, having regard to the intended scope of operations of the trust and the persons who are appointed to make up the trust.\n(sec.4-ssec.5) It is not necessary for the word ‘trust’ to form part of a trust’s name.\n(sec.4-ssec.6) A regulation changing or abolishing a river improvement area may provide for any matter necessary or convenient to give effect to the change or abolition.\n(sec.4-ssec.7) Without limiting subsection (6) , the regulation may transfer assets and liabilities of a trust to another trust.","sortOrder":6},{"sectionNumber":"pt.3","sectionType":"part","heading":"Membership and operation of trusts","content":"# Membership and operation of trusts","sortOrder":7},{"sectionNumber":"pt.3-div.1","sectionType":"division","heading":"Membership","content":"## Membership","sortOrder":8},{"sectionNumber":"sec.5","sectionType":"section","heading":"Membership of trust","content":"### sec.5 Membership of trust\n\nUnless a trust’s membership is provided for under a regulation under subsection (1A) , the trust’s membership is made up of—\n2 councillors of each constituent local government for the trust’s river improvement area, appointed by the local government; and\nup to 3 persons appointed by the Minister.\nA trust’s membership may be made up of the members, up to the number as stated in a regulation, who are appointed by the Governor in Council and who—\nmust include 1 or more councillors, as stated in the regulation, of each constituent local government for the trust, nominated by the constituent local government; and\nmay include—\npersons nominated by other entities stated in the regulation as being entities entitled to nominate members for the trust; and\npersons nominated by the Minister.\nThe regulation under subsection (1A) —\nmay provide that the members of the trust are to be known as directors or another term stated in the regulation; and\nif there are 2 or more constituent local governments for the trust—is not required to state the same number of councillors for nomination by each local government.\nDespite subsection (1) , if the Minister considers it appropriate, each constituent local government for a trust whose membership is provided for in subsection (1) may appoint 1 councillor as a member of the trust, in addition to the councillors appointed under subsection (1) (a) .\nEach person appointed by a local government under subsection (1) (a) or (2) holds office for the term, of no more than 4 years, decided by the local government.\nEach person appointed by the Minister under subsection (1) (b) holds office for the term, of no more than 4 years, decided by the Minister.\nEach person appointed by the Governor in Council under subsection (1A) holds office for the term, of no more than 4 years, decided by the Governor in Council.\nDespite subsections (3) , (4) and (4A) and section 5A (6) , if a person completes the person’s term of office as a member of a trust, the person continues to hold office as a member until the person’s successor is appointed.\nThis section is subject to divisions 2 and 4 .\nIn this section—\nconstituent local government , for a trust, means a local government whose local government area or part of the area is included in the river improvement area for which the trust is constituted.\ns 5 amd 1959 8 Eliz 2 No. 27 s 7; 1959 8 Eliz 2 No. 71 s 2(1); 1991 No. 17 s 3 ; 1993 No. 70 s 804 sch ; 1995 No. 58 s 4 sch 1 ; 1997 No. 78 s 98 ; 2009 No. 17 s 331 sch 1 ; 2011 No. 40 s 7\nsub 2013 No. 23 s 189\namd 2014 No. 64 s 24 ; 2016 No. 60 s 3\n(sec.5-ssec.1) Unless a trust’s membership is provided for under a regulation under subsection (1A) , the trust’s membership is made up of— 2 councillors of each constituent local government for the trust’s river improvement area, appointed by the local government; and up to 3 persons appointed by the Minister.\n(sec.5-ssec.1A) A trust’s membership may be made up of the members, up to the number as stated in a regulation, who are appointed by the Governor in Council and who— must include 1 or more councillors, as stated in the regulation, of each constituent local government for the trust, nominated by the constituent local government; and may include— persons nominated by other entities stated in the regulation as being entities entitled to nominate members for the trust; and persons nominated by the Minister.\n(sec.5-ssec.1B) The regulation under subsection (1A) — may provide that the members of the trust are to be known as directors or another term stated in the regulation; and if there are 2 or more constituent local governments for the trust—is not required to state the same number of councillors for nomination by each local government.\n(sec.5-ssec.2) Despite subsection (1) , if the Minister considers it appropriate, each constituent local government for a trust whose membership is provided for in subsection (1) may appoint 1 councillor as a member of the trust, in addition to the councillors appointed under subsection (1) (a) .\n(sec.5-ssec.3) Each person appointed by a local government under subsection (1) (a) or (2) holds office for the term, of no more than 4 years, decided by the local government.\n(sec.5-ssec.4) Each person appointed by the Minister under subsection (1) (b) holds office for the term, of no more than 4 years, decided by the Minister.\n(sec.5-ssec.4A) Each person appointed by the Governor in Council under subsection (1A) holds office for the term, of no more than 4 years, decided by the Governor in Council.\n(sec.5-ssec.5) Despite subsections (3) , (4) and (4A) and section 5A (6) , if a person completes the person’s term of office as a member of a trust, the person continues to hold office as a member until the person’s successor is appointed.\n(sec.5-ssec.6) This section is subject to divisions 2 and 4 .\n(sec.5-ssec.7) In this section— constituent local government , for a trust, means a local government whose local government area or part of the area is included in the river improvement area for which the trust is constituted.\n- (a) 2 councillors of each constituent local government for the trust’s river improvement area, appointed by the local government; and\n- (b) up to 3 persons appointed by the Minister.\n- (a) must include 1 or more councillors, as stated in the regulation, of each constituent local government for the trust, nominated by the constituent local government; and\n- (b) may include— (i) persons nominated by other entities stated in the regulation as being entities entitled to nominate members for the trust; and (ii) persons nominated by the Minister.\n- (i) persons nominated by other entities stated in the regulation as being entities entitled to nominate members for the trust; and\n- (ii) persons nominated by the Minister.\n- (i) persons nominated by other entities stated in the regulation as being entities entitled to nominate members for the trust; and\n- (ii) persons nominated by the Minister.\n- (a) may provide that the members of the trust are to be known as directors or another term stated in the regulation; and\n- (b) if there are 2 or more constituent local governments for the trust—is not required to state the same number of councillors for nomination by each local government.","sortOrder":9},{"sectionNumber":"sec.5A","sectionType":"section","heading":"Appointment of members to vacancies","content":"### sec.5A Appointment of members to vacancies\n\nIf the office of a member of a trust appointed by a local government under section 5 (1) (a) or (2) becomes vacant, the local government must appoint another of its councillors to the office within 30 days after the vacancy.\nIf a local government does not appoint a councillor to a vacant office under subsection (1) , the Minister may give the local government a written notice requiring it to appoint a councillor to the office within a reasonable period of at least 7 days.\nIf the local government does not comply with the notice, the Minister may appoint a person, whether or not a councillor of the local government, to the vacant office.\nIf the office of a member of a trust appointed by the Minister under section 5 (1) (b) becomes vacant, the Minister may appoint another person to the office.\nHowever, if there are no other members of the trust appointed under section 5 (1) (b) , the Minister must appoint another person to the vacant office.\nIf the office of a member of a trust appointed under section 5 (1A) becomes vacant, the Governor in Council may appoint a person to the vacant office.\nIf the member was nominated by a local government under section 5 (1A) (a) or by an another entity under section 5 (1A) (b) (i) , the Minister must have regard to the views of the local government or other entity in recommending the appointment to the Governor in Council.\nA person appointed under this section is appointed for the balance of the term of office of the person’s predecessor.\nThis section is subject to divisions 2 and 4 .\ns 5A ins 2013 No. 23 s 189\namd 2014 No. 64 s 25\n(sec.5A-ssec.1) If the office of a member of a trust appointed by a local government under section 5 (1) (a) or (2) becomes vacant, the local government must appoint another of its councillors to the office within 30 days after the vacancy.\n(sec.5A-ssec.2) If a local government does not appoint a councillor to a vacant office under subsection (1) , the Minister may give the local government a written notice requiring it to appoint a councillor to the office within a reasonable period of at least 7 days.\n(sec.5A-ssec.3) If the local government does not comply with the notice, the Minister may appoint a person, whether or not a councillor of the local government, to the vacant office.\n(sec.5A-ssec.4) If the office of a member of a trust appointed by the Minister under section 5 (1) (b) becomes vacant, the Minister may appoint another person to the office.\n(sec.5A-ssec.5) However, if there are no other members of the trust appointed under section 5 (1) (b) , the Minister must appoint another person to the vacant office.\n(sec.5A-ssec.5A) If the office of a member of a trust appointed under section 5 (1A) becomes vacant, the Governor in Council may appoint a person to the vacant office.\n(sec.5A-ssec.5B) If the member was nominated by a local government under section 5 (1A) (a) or by an another entity under section 5 (1A) (b) (i) , the Minister must have regard to the views of the local government or other entity in recommending the appointment to the Governor in Council.\n(sec.5A-ssec.6) A person appointed under this section is appointed for the balance of the term of office of the person’s predecessor.\n(sec.5A-ssec.7) This section is subject to divisions 2 and 4 .","sortOrder":10},{"sectionNumber":"sec.5B","sectionType":"section","heading":"Application of particular provisions of Local Government Act","content":"### sec.5B Application of particular provisions of Local Government Act\n\nThe Local Government Act 2009 , chapter 6 , part 2 , division 5 applies to a member of the trust as if—\na reference to a councillor were a reference to a member of the trust; and\na reference to a local government, or the chief executive officer of a local government, were a reference to the trust; and\na reference to a local government’s area were a reference to the trust’s river improvement area; and\nall other necessary changes were made.\ns 5B ins 2013 No. 23 s 189\n- (a) a reference to a councillor were a reference to a member of the trust; and\n- (b) a reference to a local government, or the chief executive officer of a local government, were a reference to the trust; and\n- (c) a reference to a local government’s area were a reference to the trust’s river improvement area; and\n- (d) all other necessary changes were made.","sortOrder":11},{"sectionNumber":"pt.3-div.2","sectionType":"division","heading":"Eligibility for membership","content":"## Eligibility for membership","sortOrder":12},{"sectionNumber":"sec.5C","sectionType":"section","heading":"Eligibility for appointment as member","content":"### sec.5C Eligibility for appointment as member\n\nA person is not eligible to be appointed as a member of a trust if the person—\nis incapable of performing the member’s functions because of physical or mental incapacity; or\nis an insolvent under administration; or\nhas been convicted of an indictable offence and the rehabilitation period for the offence has not expired or has been revived under the Criminal Law (Rehabilitation of Offenders) Act 1986 ; or\nis the secretary or another officer or an employee of the trust; or\nis directly interested in an agreement with, or on behalf of, the trust.\nAlso, a person is not eligible to be appointed as a member of a trust by a local government under section 5 (1) (a) or (2) or 5A (1) or (2) if the person’s term of office as councillor of the local government has ended or the office has otherwise become vacant.\nFurther, a person is not eligible to be appointed as a member of a trust by the Governor in Council under section 5 (1A) (a) if the person’s term of office as a councillor of the constituent local government that nominated the person has ended or the office has otherwise become vacant.\ns 5C ins 2013 No. 23 s 189\namd 2014 No. 64 s 25A ; 2023 No. 23 s 247 sch 1 s 2 (2)\n(sec.5C-ssec.1) A person is not eligible to be appointed as a member of a trust if the person— is incapable of performing the member’s functions because of physical or mental incapacity; or is an insolvent under administration; or has been convicted of an indictable offence and the rehabilitation period for the offence has not expired or has been revived under the Criminal Law (Rehabilitation of Offenders) Act 1986 ; or is the secretary or another officer or an employee of the trust; or is directly interested in an agreement with, or on behalf of, the trust.\n(sec.5C-ssec.2) Also, a person is not eligible to be appointed as a member of a trust by a local government under section 5 (1) (a) or (2) or 5A (1) or (2) if the person’s term of office as councillor of the local government has ended or the office has otherwise become vacant.\n(sec.5C-ssec.3) Further, a person is not eligible to be appointed as a member of a trust by the Governor in Council under section 5 (1A) (a) if the person’s term of office as a councillor of the constituent local government that nominated the person has ended or the office has otherwise become vacant.\n- (a) is incapable of performing the member’s functions because of physical or mental incapacity; or\n- (b) is an insolvent under administration; or\n- (c) has been convicted of an indictable offence and the rehabilitation period for the offence has not expired or has been revived under the Criminal Law (Rehabilitation of Offenders) Act 1986 ; or\n- (d) is the secretary or another officer or an employee of the trust; or\n- (e) is directly interested in an agreement with, or on behalf of, the trust.","sortOrder":13},{"sectionNumber":"sec.5D","sectionType":"section","heading":"Investigations about eligibility for appointment","content":"### sec.5D Investigations about eligibility for appointment\n\nThe chief executive may make investigations about a person to decide whether the person is eligible to be appointed as a member of the trust.\nWithout limiting subsection (1) , the chief executive may—\nby written notice, ask the person for written consent for the chief executive to obtain a written report about the person’s criminal history; and\nif the person gives the consent, ask the commissioner of the police service for a written report about the person’s criminal history.\nThe commissioner must give the requested report to the chief executive.\nHowever, the report is required to contain only criminal history in the commissioner’s possession or to which the commissioner has access.\ns 5D ins 2013 No. 23 s 189\n(sec.5D-ssec.1) The chief executive may make investigations about a person to decide whether the person is eligible to be appointed as a member of the trust.\n(sec.5D-ssec.2) Without limiting subsection (1) , the chief executive may— by written notice, ask the person for written consent for the chief executive to obtain a written report about the person’s criminal history; and if the person gives the consent, ask the commissioner of the police service for a written report about the person’s criminal history.\n(sec.5D-ssec.3) The commissioner must give the requested report to the chief executive.\n(sec.5D-ssec.4) However, the report is required to contain only criminal history in the commissioner’s possession or to which the commissioner has access.\n- (a) by written notice, ask the person for written consent for the chief executive to obtain a written report about the person’s criminal history; and\n- (b) if the person gives the consent, ask the commissioner of the police service for a written report about the person’s criminal history.","sortOrder":14},{"sectionNumber":"sec.5E","sectionType":"section","heading":"Criminal history is confidential document","content":"### sec.5E Criminal history is confidential document\n\nA public service employee in the employ of the department or an agent engaged to perform services for the department must not, directly or indirectly, disclose to anyone else a report, or information contained in a report, given under section 5D .\nMaximum penalty—100 penalty units.\nHowever, the officer, employee or agent does not contravene subsection (1) if—\ndisclosure of the report or information to someone else is authorised by the chief executive to the extent necessary to perform a function under or in relation to this Act; or\nthe disclosure is otherwise required or permitted by law.\nThe chief executive must destroy the report as soon as practicable after considering the person’s eligibility.\ns 5E ins 2013 No. 23 s 189\n(sec.5E-ssec.1) A public service employee in the employ of the department or an agent engaged to perform services for the department must not, directly or indirectly, disclose to anyone else a report, or information contained in a report, given under section 5D . Maximum penalty—100 penalty units.\n(sec.5E-ssec.2) However, the officer, employee or agent does not contravene subsection (1) if— disclosure of the report or information to someone else is authorised by the chief executive to the extent necessary to perform a function under or in relation to this Act; or the disclosure is otherwise required or permitted by law.\n(sec.5E-ssec.3) The chief executive must destroy the report as soon as practicable after considering the person’s eligibility.\n- (a) disclosure of the report or information to someone else is authorised by the chief executive to the extent necessary to perform a function under or in relation to this Act; or\n- (b) the disclosure is otherwise required or permitted by law.","sortOrder":15},{"sectionNumber":"pt.3-div.3","sectionType":"division","heading":"Executive members","content":"## Executive members","sortOrder":16},{"sectionNumber":"sec.5F","sectionType":"section","heading":"Chairperson","content":"### sec.5F Chairperson\n\nA trust must elect one of its members appointed under section 5 (1) (b) as its chairperson—\nat its first meeting; and\nwithin 30 days after a vacancy in the office of chairperson.\nHowever, if only 1 member of the trust has been appointed under section 5 (1) (b) , the Minister must appoint that member as the chairperson.\nIf the trust does not elect a chairperson under subsection (1) , the Minister may appoint a member appointed under section 5 (1) (b) as the chairperson.\nThe Governor in Council appoints the chairperson of the trust for a river improvement area as mentioned in section 5 (1A) .\ns 5F ins 2013 No. 23 s 189\namd 2014 No. 64 s 26\n(sec.5F-ssec.1) A trust must elect one of its members appointed under section 5 (1) (b) as its chairperson— at its first meeting; and within 30 days after a vacancy in the office of chairperson.\n(sec.5F-ssec.2) However, if only 1 member of the trust has been appointed under section 5 (1) (b) , the Minister must appoint that member as the chairperson.\n(sec.5F-ssec.3) If the trust does not elect a chairperson under subsection (1) , the Minister may appoint a member appointed under section 5 (1) (b) as the chairperson.\n(sec.5F-ssec.4) The Governor in Council appoints the chairperson of the trust for a river improvement area as mentioned in section 5 (1A) .\n- (a) at its first meeting; and\n- (b) within 30 days after a vacancy in the office of chairperson.","sortOrder":17},{"sectionNumber":"sec.5G","sectionType":"section","heading":"Deputy chairperson","content":"### sec.5G Deputy chairperson\n\nA trust must elect one of its members, other than the chairperson, as its deputy chairperson—\nat its first meeting; and\nwithin 30 days after a vacancy in the office of deputy chairperson.\nIf the trust does not elect a deputy chairperson under subsection (1) , the Minister may appoint a person, other than the chairperson, as deputy chairperson of the trust.\nThe deputy chairperson is to act as chairperson—\nduring a vacancy in the office of chairperson; or\nduring a period when the chairperson is absent from duty or, for another reason, can not perform the functions of the office.\ns 5G ins 2013 No. 23 s 189\n(sec.5G-ssec.1) A trust must elect one of its members, other than the chairperson, as its deputy chairperson— at its first meeting; and within 30 days after a vacancy in the office of deputy chairperson.\n(sec.5G-ssec.2) If the trust does not elect a deputy chairperson under subsection (1) , the Minister may appoint a person, other than the chairperson, as deputy chairperson of the trust.\n(sec.5G-ssec.3) The deputy chairperson is to act as chairperson— during a vacancy in the office of chairperson; or during a period when the chairperson is absent from duty or, for another reason, can not perform the functions of the office.\n- (a) at its first meeting; and\n- (b) within 30 days after a vacancy in the office of deputy chairperson.\n- (a) during a vacancy in the office of chairperson; or\n- (b) during a period when the chairperson is absent from duty or, for another reason, can not perform the functions of the office.","sortOrder":18},{"sectionNumber":"sec.5H","sectionType":"section","heading":"Term of office","content":"### sec.5H Term of office\n\nA person holds office as the chairperson or deputy chairperson for the person’s term of office as a member of the trust.\nDespite subsection (1) and section 5 (3) and (4) , if a person completes the person’s term of office as the chairperson or deputy chairperson, the person continues to hold the office until the person’s successor is appointed.\nA person appointed to fill a vacancy in the office of a member who was chairperson or deputy chairperson does not become the chairperson or deputy chairperson only because of the person’s appointment.\nSubsection (3) does not apply to a person appointed under section 5F (2) or (3) or 5G (2) .\ns 5H ins 2013 No. 23 s 189\n(sec.5H-ssec.1) A person holds office as the chairperson or deputy chairperson for the person’s term of office as a member of the trust.\n(sec.5H-ssec.2) Despite subsection (1) and section 5 (3) and (4) , if a person completes the person’s term of office as the chairperson or deputy chairperson, the person continues to hold the office until the person’s successor is appointed.\n(sec.5H-ssec.3) A person appointed to fill a vacancy in the office of a member who was chairperson or deputy chairperson does not become the chairperson or deputy chairperson only because of the person’s appointment.\n(sec.5H-ssec.4) Subsection (3) does not apply to a person appointed under section 5F (2) or (3) or 5G (2) .","sortOrder":19},{"sectionNumber":"pt.3-div.4","sectionType":"division","heading":"Vacancies of office","content":"## Vacancies of office","sortOrder":20},{"sectionNumber":"sec.5I","sectionType":"section","heading":"Casual vacancy","content":"### sec.5I Casual vacancy\n\nThe office of a member of a trust becomes vacant if any of the following happens—\nthe member dies during the member’s term of office;\nthe member resigns from office;\nfor a member appointed by a local government—the local government removes the member from office;\nfor a member appointed by the Minister—the Minister removes the member from office;\nfor a member appointed by the Governor in Council—the Governor in Council removes the member from office.\nThe office of a member of a trust who is a councillor of a local government also becomes vacant if the person’s term of office as councillor ends or the office as councillor otherwise becomes vacant.\nThe office of a person who is the chairperson or deputy chairperson of a trust also becomes vacant if—\nthe person resigns from the office; or\nthe person is removed from the office under section 5L ; or\nthe office of the person as a member of the trust becomes vacant under subsection (1) or (2) .\ns 5I ins 2013 No. 23 s 189\namd 2014 No. 64 s 27\n(sec.5I-ssec.1) The office of a member of a trust becomes vacant if any of the following happens— the member dies during the member’s term of office; the member resigns from office; for a member appointed by a local government—the local government removes the member from office; for a member appointed by the Minister—the Minister removes the member from office; for a member appointed by the Governor in Council—the Governor in Council removes the member from office.\n(sec.5I-ssec.2) The office of a member of a trust who is a councillor of a local government also becomes vacant if the person’s term of office as councillor ends or the office as councillor otherwise becomes vacant.\n(sec.5I-ssec.3) The office of a person who is the chairperson or deputy chairperson of a trust also becomes vacant if— the person resigns from the office; or the person is removed from the office under section 5L ; or the office of the person as a member of the trust becomes vacant under subsection (1) or (2) .\n- (a) the member dies during the member’s term of office;\n- (b) the member resigns from office;\n- (c) for a member appointed by a local government—the local government removes the member from office;\n- (d) for a member appointed by the Minister—the Minister removes the member from office;\n- (e) for a member appointed by the Governor in Council—the Governor in Council removes the member from office.\n- (a) the person resigns from the office; or\n- (b) the person is removed from the office under section 5L ; or\n- (c) the office of the person as a member of the trust becomes vacant under subsection (1) or (2) .","sortOrder":21},{"sectionNumber":"sec.5J","sectionType":"section","heading":"Resignation","content":"### sec.5J Resignation\n\nA member of a trust may resign from office as a member by signed notice of resignation given to the chairperson of the trust.\nThe chairperson of a trust may resign from office as chairperson by signed notice of resignation given to the other members of the trust.\nThe deputy chairperson of a trust may resign from office as the deputy chairperson by signed notice of resignation given to the chairperson of the trust.\nA person resigning from the office of chairperson or deputy chairperson of a trust may continue to be a member of the trust.\ns 5J ins 2013 No. 23 s 189\n(sec.5J-ssec.1) A member of a trust may resign from office as a member by signed notice of resignation given to the chairperson of the trust.\n(sec.5J-ssec.2) The chairperson of a trust may resign from office as chairperson by signed notice of resignation given to the other members of the trust.\n(sec.5J-ssec.3) The deputy chairperson of a trust may resign from office as the deputy chairperson by signed notice of resignation given to the chairperson of the trust.\n(sec.5J-ssec.4) A person resigning from the office of chairperson or deputy chairperson of a trust may continue to be a member of the trust.","sortOrder":22},{"sectionNumber":"sec.5K","sectionType":"section","heading":"Removal from office as member","content":"### sec.5K Removal from office as member\n\nThis section applies to a local government, the Minister or the Governor in Council for removing from office as a member of a trust a person the local government, Minister or Governor in Council has appointed.\nThe local government, Minister or Governor in Council may remove the person from the office on any of the following grounds—\nthe person is ineligible to be appointed as a member under section 5C ;\nthe person is absent from 3 consecutive meetings of the trust without the trust’s leave and without reasonable excuse;\nthe person declines to act as a member;\nthe person is convicted of an offence against this Act.\nThe Minister may remove a person from office as a member of a trust if—\nthe person was appointed by the Minister under section 5 (1) (b) ; and\nthe Minister believes on reasonable grounds that the person is not acting in the best interests of the trust.\nThe Governor in Council may remove a person from office as a member of a trust if—\nthe person was appointed by the Governor in Council under section 5 (1A) (b) (ii) ; and\nthe Minister, in recommending the person’s removal to the Governor in Council, believes on reasonable grounds that the person is not acting in the best interests of the trust.\ns 5K ins 2013 No. 23 s 189\namd 2014 No. 64 s 28\n(sec.5K-ssec.1) This section applies to a local government, the Minister or the Governor in Council for removing from office as a member of a trust a person the local government, Minister or Governor in Council has appointed.\n(sec.5K-ssec.2) The local government, Minister or Governor in Council may remove the person from the office on any of the following grounds— the person is ineligible to be appointed as a member under section 5C ; the person is absent from 3 consecutive meetings of the trust without the trust’s leave and without reasonable excuse; the person declines to act as a member; the person is convicted of an offence against this Act.\n(sec.5K-ssec.3) The Minister may remove a person from office as a member of a trust if— the person was appointed by the Minister under section 5 (1) (b) ; and the Minister believes on reasonable grounds that the person is not acting in the best interests of the trust.\n(sec.5K-ssec.4) The Governor in Council may remove a person from office as a member of a trust if— the person was appointed by the Governor in Council under section 5 (1A) (b) (ii) ; and the Minister, in recommending the person’s removal to the Governor in Council, believes on reasonable grounds that the person is not acting in the best interests of the trust.\n- (a) the person is ineligible to be appointed as a member under section 5C ;\n- (b) the person is absent from 3 consecutive meetings of the trust without the trust’s leave and without reasonable excuse;\n- (c) the person declines to act as a member;\n- (d) the person is convicted of an offence against this Act.\n- (a) the person was appointed by the Minister under section 5 (1) (b) ; and\n- (b) the Minister believes on reasonable grounds that the person is not acting in the best interests of the trust.\n- (a) the person was appointed by the Governor in Council under section 5 (1A) (b) (ii) ; and\n- (b) the Minister, in recommending the person’s removal to the Governor in Council, believes on reasonable grounds that the person is not acting in the best interests of the trust.","sortOrder":23},{"sectionNumber":"sec.5L","sectionType":"section","heading":"Removal from office as chairperson or deputy chairperson","content":"### sec.5L Removal from office as chairperson or deputy chairperson\n\nThis section applies to—\na trust, for removing from office a person who has been elected to the office of chairperson or deputy chairperson of the trust; or\nthe Minister or Governor in Council, for removing from office a person the Minister or Governor in Council has appointed to the office of chairperson or deputy chairperson of a trust under section 5F (2) , (3) or (4) or 5G (2) .\nThe trust, Minister or Governor in Council may remove the person from the office if—\na ground to remove the person from office as a member of the trust exists under section 5K (2) ; or\nthe person declines to act as the chairperson or deputy chairperson of the trust; or\nthe person is prohibited under the Corporations Act from being a director of a body corporate for a reason other than a person’s age.\ns 5L ins 2013 No. 23 s 189\namd 2014 No. 64 s 29\n(sec.5L-ssec.1) This section applies to— a trust, for removing from office a person who has been elected to the office of chairperson or deputy chairperson of the trust; or the Minister or Governor in Council, for removing from office a person the Minister or Governor in Council has appointed to the office of chairperson or deputy chairperson of a trust under section 5F (2) , (3) or (4) or 5G (2) .\n(sec.5L-ssec.2) The trust, Minister or Governor in Council may remove the person from the office if— a ground to remove the person from office as a member of the trust exists under section 5K (2) ; or the person declines to act as the chairperson or deputy chairperson of the trust; or the person is prohibited under the Corporations Act from being a director of a body corporate for a reason other than a person’s age.\n- (a) a trust, for removing from office a person who has been elected to the office of chairperson or deputy chairperson of the trust; or\n- (b) the Minister or Governor in Council, for removing from office a person the Minister or Governor in Council has appointed to the office of chairperson or deputy chairperson of a trust under section 5F (2) , (3) or (4) or 5G (2) .\n- (a) a ground to remove the person from office as a member of the trust exists under section 5K (2) ; or\n- (b) the person declines to act as the chairperson or deputy chairperson of the trust; or\n- (c) the person is prohibited under the Corporations Act from being a director of a body corporate for a reason other than a person’s age.","sortOrder":24},{"sectionNumber":"sec.5M","sectionType":"section","heading":"Removal of all trust members","content":"### sec.5M Removal of all trust members\n\nThe Minister or Governor in Council may remove all the members of a trust from office if—\nthe trust does not meet at least twice in a financial year; or\nthe trust does not comply with its obligations under the Financial Accountability Act 2009 for the preparation and submission of annual financial statements and annual reports under that Act.\nFor applying subsection (1) —\nthe Minister may remove the members of a trust even if any of them was appointed by a local government; and\nonly the Governor in Council may remove the members of a trust appointed by the Governor in Council.\ns 5M ins 2013 No. 23 s 189\namd 2014 No. 64 s 30\n(sec.5M-ssec.1) The Minister or Governor in Council may remove all the members of a trust from office if— the trust does not meet at least twice in a financial year; or the trust does not comply with its obligations under the Financial Accountability Act 2009 for the preparation and submission of annual financial statements and annual reports under that Act.\n(sec.5M-ssec.2) For applying subsection (1) — the Minister may remove the members of a trust even if any of them was appointed by a local government; and only the Governor in Council may remove the members of a trust appointed by the Governor in Council.\n- (a) the trust does not meet at least twice in a financial year; or\n- (b) the trust does not comply with its obligations under the Financial Accountability Act 2009 for the preparation and submission of annual financial statements and annual reports under that Act.\n- (a) the Minister may remove the members of a trust even if any of them was appointed by a local government; and\n- (b) only the Governor in Council may remove the members of a trust appointed by the Governor in Council.","sortOrder":25},{"sectionNumber":"pt.3-div.5","sectionType":"division","heading":"Procedures","content":"## Procedures","sortOrder":26},{"sectionNumber":"sec.5N","sectionType":"section","heading":"Times and places of meetings","content":"### sec.5N Times and places of meetings\n\nMeetings of a trust are to be held at the times and places decided by the trust.\nHowever, a trust must meet at least twice in a financial year.\ns 5N ins 2013 No. 23 s 189\namd 2014 No. 64 s 31\n(sec.5N-ssec.1) Meetings of a trust are to be held at the times and places decided by the trust.\n(sec.5N-ssec.2) However, a trust must meet at least twice in a financial year.","sortOrder":27},{"sectionNumber":"sec.5O","sectionType":"section","heading":"Quorum","content":"### sec.5O Quorum\n\nA quorum at a meeting of a trust is 2 of its members.\ns 5O ins 2013 No. 23 s 189","sortOrder":28},{"sectionNumber":"sec.5P","sectionType":"section","heading":"Presiding at meetings","content":"### sec.5P Presiding at meetings\n\nThe chairperson is to preside at all meetings of a trust at which the chairperson is present.\nIf the chairperson is absent from a meeting or the office of chairperson is vacant, the deputy chairperson is to preside.\nIf the deputy chairperson cannot preside at a meeting under subsection (2) , a member chosen by the members present is to preside.\ns 5P ins 2013 No. 23 s 189\n(sec.5P-ssec.1) The chairperson is to preside at all meetings of a trust at which the chairperson is present.\n(sec.5P-ssec.2) If the chairperson is absent from a meeting or the office of chairperson is vacant, the deputy chairperson is to preside.\n(sec.5P-ssec.3) If the deputy chairperson cannot preside at a meeting under subsection (2) , a member chosen by the members present is to preside.","sortOrder":29},{"sectionNumber":"sec.5Q","sectionType":"section","heading":"Conduct of meetings","content":"### sec.5Q Conduct of meetings\n\nA question at a meeting of the trust is decided by a majority of the votes of the members present.\nEach member present at the meeting has a vote on each question to be decided and, if the votes are equal, the member presiding also has a casting vote.\nIf a member present at a meeting fails to vote, the member is taken to have voted in the negative.\ns 5Q ins 2013 No. 23 s 189\n(sec.5Q-ssec.1) A question at a meeting of the trust is decided by a majority of the votes of the members present.\n(sec.5Q-ssec.2) Each member present at the meeting has a vote on each question to be decided and, if the votes are equal, the member presiding also has a casting vote.\n(sec.5Q-ssec.3) If a member present at a meeting fails to vote, the member is taken to have voted in the negative.","sortOrder":30},{"sectionNumber":"sec.5R","sectionType":"section","heading":"Other procedures","content":"### sec.5R Other procedures\n\nSubject to this division, a trust must conduct its business, including its meetings—\nin the way prescribed under a regulation; or\nin so far as the way is not prescribed, as it considers appropriate.\ns 5R ins 2013 No. 23 s 189\n- (a) in the way prescribed under a regulation; or\n- (b) in so far as the way is not prescribed, as it considers appropriate.","sortOrder":31},{"sectionNumber":"sec.5RA","sectionType":"section","heading":"Trust committees","content":"### sec.5RA Trust committees\n\nA trust may establish committees to advise the trust about matters identified by the trust.\nA committee may be made up of persons appointed by the trust from—\nmembers of the trust; and\nother persons considered by the trust to have experience in or knowledge about matters to be referred to the committee.\nThe trust may pay a member of a committee, other than a person who is also a member of the trust, fees and allowances that are—\ndecided by the trust; and\nnot more than the fees and allowances payable to a member of the trust.\ns 5RA ins 2014 No. 64 s 32\n(sec.5RA-ssec.1) A trust may establish committees to advise the trust about matters identified by the trust.\n(sec.5RA-ssec.2) A committee may be made up of persons appointed by the trust from— members of the trust; and other persons considered by the trust to have experience in or knowledge about matters to be referred to the committee.\n(sec.5RA-ssec.3) The trust may pay a member of a committee, other than a person who is also a member of the trust, fees and allowances that are— decided by the trust; and not more than the fees and allowances payable to a member of the trust.\n- (a) members of the trust; and\n- (b) other persons considered by the trust to have experience in or knowledge about matters to be referred to the committee.\n- (a) decided by the trust; and\n- (b) not more than the fees and allowances payable to a member of the trust.","sortOrder":32},{"sectionNumber":"pt.3-div.6","sectionType":"division","heading":"Other matters","content":"## Other matters","sortOrder":33},{"sectionNumber":"sec.5S","sectionType":"section","heading":"Validity of trust’s acts, proceedings or decisions","content":"### sec.5S Validity of trust’s acts, proceedings or decisions\n\nAn act, proceeding or decision of a trust is not invalidated only because of—\na defect in the qualification, appointment or membership of a member of the trust; or\na vacancy in the membership of the trust at the time of the act, proceeding or decision.\nHowever, subsection (1) applies only if there was a quorum at the meeting of the trust at which the act was done, proceeding was taken or, decision was made.\ns 5S ins 2013 No. 23 s 189\n(sec.5S-ssec.1) An act, proceeding or decision of a trust is not invalidated only because of— a defect in the qualification, appointment or membership of a member of the trust; or a vacancy in the membership of the trust at the time of the act, proceeding or decision.\n(sec.5S-ssec.2) However, subsection (1) applies only if there was a quorum at the meeting of the trust at which the act was done, proceeding was taken or, decision was made.\n- (a) a defect in the qualification, appointment or membership of a member of the trust; or\n- (b) a vacancy in the membership of the trust at the time of the act, proceeding or decision.","sortOrder":34},{"sectionNumber":"pt.4","sectionType":"part","heading":"Officers and employees of trusts","content":"# Officers and employees of trusts","sortOrder":35},{"sectionNumber":"sec.6","sectionType":"section","heading":"Secretary, officers, and employees","content":"### sec.6 Secretary, officers, and employees\n\nThe trust shall appoint a secretary and may appoint such other officers as it deems necessary.\nThe trust may with the consent of any relevant local government for the trust appoint the chief executive officer of such local government to be its secretary, and such chief executive officer may hold both offices.\nThe secretary shall, subject to the trust, have power to execute documents on behalf of the trust and to affix the official seal thereto and shall also have such other powers and perform such other duties as may from time to time be prescribed or, in so far as not prescribed, appointed or directed by the trust.\nThe trust may retain or obtain the advice or services of such technical advisers and experts as it shall from time to time consider necessary.\nThe trust may employ such employees as it shall deem necessary.\nIn this section—\nrelevant local government , for a trust, means a local government that may appoint a member of the trust or may nominate a person to be a member of the trust.\ns 6 amd 1959 8 Eliz 2 No. 71 s 3; 1995 No. 58 s 4 sch 1 ; 2014 No. 64 s 33\n(sec.6-ssec.1) The trust shall appoint a secretary and may appoint such other officers as it deems necessary.\n(sec.6-ssec.1A) The trust may with the consent of any relevant local government for the trust appoint the chief executive officer of such local government to be its secretary, and such chief executive officer may hold both offices.\n(sec.6-ssec.2) The secretary shall, subject to the trust, have power to execute documents on behalf of the trust and to affix the official seal thereto and shall also have such other powers and perform such other duties as may from time to time be prescribed or, in so far as not prescribed, appointed or directed by the trust.\n(sec.6-ssec.3) The trust may retain or obtain the advice or services of such technical advisers and experts as it shall from time to time consider necessary.\n(sec.6-ssec.4) The trust may employ such employees as it shall deem necessary.\n(sec.6-ssec.5) In this section— relevant local government , for a trust, means a local government that may appoint a member of the trust or may nominate a person to be a member of the trust.","sortOrder":36},{"sectionNumber":"sec.6A","sectionType":"section","heading":null,"content":"### Section sec.6A\n\ns 6A ins 1981 No. 95 s 3\namd 1994 No. 15 s 3 sch 1\nom 2014 No. 64 s 34","sortOrder":37},{"sectionNumber":"pt.5","sectionType":"part","heading":"Legal capacity and powers of trusts","content":"# Legal capacity and powers of trusts","sortOrder":38},{"sectionNumber":"pt.5-div.1","sectionType":"division","heading":"Status of trusts","content":"## Status of trusts","sortOrder":39},{"sectionNumber":"sec.7","sectionType":"section","heading":"Trusts are bodies corporate etc.","content":"### sec.7 Trusts are bodies corporate etc.\n\nA trust—\nis a body corporate; and\nmay sue and be sued in its corporate name.\nA trust has all the powers of an individual and may, for example—\nenter into contracts; and\nacquire, hold, deal with and dispose of property.\nSubsection (2) does not limit a trust’s powers under this or another Act.\nA trust does not represent the State.\ns 7 amd 1959 8 Eliz 2 No. 27 s 8; 1994 No. 15 s 3 sch ; 1997 No. 78 s 99\nsub 2014 No. 64 s 35\n(sec.7-ssec.1) A trust— is a body corporate; and may sue and be sued in its corporate name.\n(sec.7-ssec.2) A trust has all the powers of an individual and may, for example— enter into contracts; and acquire, hold, deal with and dispose of property.\n(sec.7-ssec.3) Subsection (2) does not limit a trust’s powers under this or another Act.\n(sec.7-ssec.4) A trust does not represent the State.\n- (a) is a body corporate; and\n- (b) may sue and be sued in its corporate name.\n- (a) enter into contracts; and\n- (b) acquire, hold, deal with and dispose of property.","sortOrder":40},{"sectionNumber":"sec.8","sectionType":"section","heading":"Trusts are statutory bodies","content":"### sec.8 Trusts are statutory bodies\n\nUnder the Financial Accountability Act 2009 and Statutory Bodies Financial Arrangements Act 1982 , a trust is a statutory body.\nThe Statutory Bodies Financial Arrangements Act 1982 , part 2B sets out the way in which a trust’s powers under this Act are affected by the Statutory Bodies Financial Arrangements Act 1982 .\ns 8 sub 1965 No. 34 s 4\namd 1985 No. 111 s 3\nsub 1994 No. 15 s 3 sch 1 ; 1996 No. 54 s 9 sch\namd 1997 No. 78 s 100 ; 2009 No. 9 s 136 sch 1\n(sec.8-ssec.1) Under the Financial Accountability Act 2009 and Statutory Bodies Financial Arrangements Act 1982 , a trust is a statutory body.\n(sec.8-ssec.2) The Statutory Bodies Financial Arrangements Act 1982 , part 2B sets out the way in which a trust’s powers under this Act are affected by the Statutory Bodies Financial Arrangements Act 1982 .","sortOrder":41},{"sectionNumber":"sec.8A","sectionType":"section","heading":null,"content":"### Section sec.8A\n\ns 8A ins 1965 No. 34 s 5\nom 1994 No. 15 s 3 sch 1","sortOrder":42},{"sectionNumber":"sec.8B","sectionType":"section","heading":null,"content":"### Section sec.8B\n\ns 8B ins 1965 No. 34 s 5\nom 1994 No. 15 s 3 sch 1","sortOrder":43},{"sectionNumber":"sec.8C","sectionType":"section","heading":null,"content":"### Section sec.8C\n\ns 8C ins 1965 No. 34 s 5\nom 1994 No. 15 s 3 sch 1","sortOrder":44},{"sectionNumber":"sec.8D","sectionType":"section","heading":null,"content":"### Section sec.8D\n\ns 8D ins 1965 No. 34 s 5\namd 1985 No. 111 s 4\nom 1994 No. 15 s 3 sch 1","sortOrder":45},{"sectionNumber":"sec.8E","sectionType":"section","heading":null,"content":"### Section sec.8E\n\ns 8E ins 1965 No. 34 s 5\nom 1994 No. 15 s 3 sch 1","sortOrder":46},{"sectionNumber":"sec.8F","sectionType":"section","heading":null,"content":"### Section sec.8F\n\ns 8F ins 1965 No. 34 s 5\nom 1982 No. 33 s 14 (2) , (4) sch 3","sortOrder":47},{"sectionNumber":"sec.8G","sectionType":"section","heading":null,"content":"### Section sec.8G\n\ns 8G ins 1965 No. 34 s 5\nom 1994 No. 15 s 3 sch 1","sortOrder":48},{"sectionNumber":"sec.8H","sectionType":"section","heading":null,"content":"### Section sec.8H\n\ns 8H ins 1965 No. 34 s 5\nom 1994 No. 15 s 3 sch 1","sortOrder":49},{"sectionNumber":"sec.8I","sectionType":"section","heading":null,"content":"### Section sec.8I\n\ns 8I ins 1965 No. 34 s 5\nom 1994 No. 15 s 3 sch 1","sortOrder":50},{"sectionNumber":"sec.8J","sectionType":"section","heading":null,"content":"### Section sec.8J\n\ns 8J ins 1965 No. 34 s 5\nom 1994 No. 15 s 3 sch 1","sortOrder":51},{"sectionNumber":"sec.8K","sectionType":"section","heading":null,"content":"### Section sec.8K\n\ns 8K ins 1965 No. 34 s 5\nom 1994 No. 15 s 3 sch 1","sortOrder":52},{"sectionNumber":"sec.8L","sectionType":"section","heading":null,"content":"### Section sec.8L\n\ns 8L ins 1965 No. 34 s 5\nom 1994 No. 15 s 3 sch 1","sortOrder":53},{"sectionNumber":"sec.8M","sectionType":"section","heading":null,"content":"### Section sec.8M\n\ns 8M ins 1968 No. 29 s 2\namd 1992 No. 15 s 13 sch\nom 1994 No. 15 s 3 sch 1","sortOrder":54},{"sectionNumber":"pt.5-div.2","sectionType":"division","heading":"Powers for land and works","content":"## Powers for land and works","sortOrder":55},{"sectionNumber":"sec.9","sectionType":"section","heading":"Compulsory acquisition of land","content":"### sec.9 Compulsory acquisition of land\n\nA trust may take land within its river improvement area for the purpose (the relevant purpose ) of doing anything it is permitted or required to do under this Act, including undertaking or maintaining works as mentioned in section 10 (1) .\nWithout limiting subsection (1) —\na trust is a constructing authority under the Land Act 1994 (the Land Act ) and the Acquisition of Land Act 1967 (the ALA ); and\nthe relevant purpose is taken to be a purpose that, for the taking of land by a trust, is set out in the ALA , schedule 1 ; and\nthe taking of land must be carried out under the Land Act or the ALA and not this Act.\ns 9 amd 1959 8 Eliz 2 No. 27 s 9; 1965 No. 34 s 6\nsub 1967 No. 48 s 3 (2) sch 1 ; 2014 No. 64 s 36\n(sec.9-ssec.1) A trust may take land within its river improvement area for the purpose (the relevant purpose ) of doing anything it is permitted or required to do under this Act, including undertaking or maintaining works as mentioned in section 10 (1) .\n(sec.9-ssec.2) Without limiting subsection (1) — a trust is a constructing authority under the Land Act 1994 (the Land Act ) and the Acquisition of Land Act 1967 (the ALA ); and the relevant purpose is taken to be a purpose that, for the taking of land by a trust, is set out in the ALA , schedule 1 ; and the taking of land must be carried out under the Land Act or the ALA and not this Act.\n- (a) a trust is a constructing authority under the Land Act 1994 (the Land Act ) and the Acquisition of Land Act 1967 (the ALA ); and\n- (b) the relevant purpose is taken to be a purpose that, for the taking of land by a trust, is set out in the ALA , schedule 1 ; and\n- (c) the taking of land must be carried out under the Land Act or the ALA and not this Act.","sortOrder":56},{"sectionNumber":"sec.10","sectionType":"section","heading":"Works which trust may undertake or maintain","content":"### sec.10 Works which trust may undertake or maintain\n\nA trust—\nmay undertake or maintain any works for the purpose of achieving the object of this Act, other than works the chief executive directs the trust not to undertake or maintain; and\nmust undertake or maintain any works the chief executive directs the trust to undertake or maintain for the purpose of achieving the object of this Act; and\nmust comply with any direction the chief executive gives the trust about the undertaking or maintenance of works under paragraph (a) or (b) .\nSubsection (1) does not operate to exempt a trust from complying with any law providing for how the undertaking or maintenance must be performed.\nAlso, for undertaking or maintaining works, including for designing and for any subsequent monitoring, a trust must obtain advice from suitably qualified persons to ensure intended outcomes for the works are achieved, including, for example, the effective mitigation of loss or damage intended to be achieved by the works.\nA trust must, for each financial year, give the chief executive a report about its undertaking and maintenance of works in the financial year.\nThe power of the trust to undertake works includes, but without limiting the ordinary meaning of that term, power to construct, establish, carry out, manage, or control the works concerned.\nWithout limiting section 7 (2) , the trust may enter into contracts for or with respect to the undertaking or maintenance of any works.\nA trust may enter into an agreement (a trust agreement ) with any person having an interest in land about any matter necessary to allow the trust to effectively undertake or maintain works directly or indirectly associated with the land.\nSubject to the trust agreement, the obligations under the agreement on an owner of the land, or on another person who holds a registered interest in the land, attach to the land and bind the successors in title of the owner or other person.\nThe trust may give the registrar of titles notice of the trust agreement and the registrar must record the notice in a way that a search of the register kept by the registrar under any Act relating to the relevant land will show—\nthe existence of the agreement; and\nthe terms of the agreement.\nIf the trust agreement is cancelled, as soon as practicable after the cancellation—\nthe trust must give the registrar notice of the cancellation; and\nthe registrar must remove the particulars of the agreement from the registrar’s records.\nThe chief executive or any person authorised in writing by the chief executive in that behalf or any member of a trust or any of its officers or employees authorised in writing on that behalf by the trust may enter upon any land—\nwhere an emergency exists, forthwith;\nin any other case, upon 7 days notice in writing being given to the owner or occupier of that land;\nfor the purpose of—\nexamining whether any of the provisions of this Act or any requisition, notice or order issued pursuant to this Act is being complied with or is being contravened;\nmaking any plan or survey or taking levels;\nmaking any inspection or examination;\notherwise in or for carrying out any of the powers, duties or authorities conferred or imposed upon the trust by or pursuant to this or any other Act.\nThe power to enter land under subsection (7) includes power, to the extent reasonably necessary to achieve the purpose of entry—\nto take on to the land any persons, vehicles, materials and equipment; and\nto stay on the land.\ns 10 amd 1959 8 Eliz 2 No. 27 ss 4, 10; 1959 8 Eliz 2 No. 71 s 4; 1965 No. 34 s 7 ; 1968 No. 40 s 3 ; 1985 No. 111 s 5 ; 1992 No. 15 s 13 sch ; 1995 No. 58 s 4 sch 1 ; 1997 No. 78 s 101 ; 2000 No. 26 s 12 sch 1 ; 2013 No. 23 s 190 ; 2014 No. 64 s 37 ; 2016 No. 60 s 4\n(sec.10-ssec.1) A trust— may undertake or maintain any works for the purpose of achieving the object of this Act, other than works the chief executive directs the trust not to undertake or maintain; and must undertake or maintain any works the chief executive directs the trust to undertake or maintain for the purpose of achieving the object of this Act; and must comply with any direction the chief executive gives the trust about the undertaking or maintenance of works under paragraph (a) or (b) .\n(sec.10-ssec.2) Subsection (1) does not operate to exempt a trust from complying with any law providing for how the undertaking or maintenance must be performed.\n(sec.10-ssec.2A) Also, for undertaking or maintaining works, including for designing and for any subsequent monitoring, a trust must obtain advice from suitably qualified persons to ensure intended outcomes for the works are achieved, including, for example, the effective mitigation of loss or damage intended to be achieved by the works.\n(sec.10-ssec.2B) A trust must, for each financial year, give the chief executive a report about its undertaking and maintenance of works in the financial year.\n(sec.10-ssec.3) The power of the trust to undertake works includes, but without limiting the ordinary meaning of that term, power to construct, establish, carry out, manage, or control the works concerned.\n(sec.10-ssec.4) Without limiting section 7 (2) , the trust may enter into contracts for or with respect to the undertaking or maintenance of any works.\n(sec.10-ssec.5) A trust may enter into an agreement (a trust agreement ) with any person having an interest in land about any matter necessary to allow the trust to effectively undertake or maintain works directly or indirectly associated with the land.\n(sec.10-ssec.6) Subject to the trust agreement, the obligations under the agreement on an owner of the land, or on another person who holds a registered interest in the land, attach to the land and bind the successors in title of the owner or other person.\n(sec.10-ssec.6A) The trust may give the registrar of titles notice of the trust agreement and the registrar must record the notice in a way that a search of the register kept by the registrar under any Act relating to the relevant land will show— the existence of the agreement; and the terms of the agreement.\n(sec.10-ssec.6B) If the trust agreement is cancelled, as soon as practicable after the cancellation— the trust must give the registrar notice of the cancellation; and the registrar must remove the particulars of the agreement from the registrar’s records.\n(sec.10-ssec.7) The chief executive or any person authorised in writing by the chief executive in that behalf or any member of a trust or any of its officers or employees authorised in writing on that behalf by the trust may enter upon any land— where an emergency exists, forthwith; in any other case, upon 7 days notice in writing being given to the owner or occupier of that land; for the purpose of— examining whether any of the provisions of this Act or any requisition, notice or order issued pursuant to this Act is being complied with or is being contravened; making any plan or survey or taking levels; making any inspection or examination; otherwise in or for carrying out any of the powers, duties or authorities conferred or imposed upon the trust by or pursuant to this or any other Act.\n(sec.10-ssec.8) The power to enter land under subsection (7) includes power, to the extent reasonably necessary to achieve the purpose of entry— to take on to the land any persons, vehicles, materials and equipment; and to stay on the land.\n- (a) may undertake or maintain any works for the purpose of achieving the object of this Act, other than works the chief executive directs the trust not to undertake or maintain; and\n- (b) must undertake or maintain any works the chief executive directs the trust to undertake or maintain for the purpose of achieving the object of this Act; and\n- (c) must comply with any direction the chief executive gives the trust about the undertaking or maintenance of works under paragraph (a) or (b) .\n- (a) the existence of the agreement; and\n- (b) the terms of the agreement.\n- (a) the trust must give the registrar notice of the cancellation; and\n- (b) the registrar must remove the particulars of the agreement from the registrar’s records.\n- (a) where an emergency exists, forthwith;\n- (b) in any other case, upon 7 days notice in writing being given to the owner or occupier of that land;\n- (c) examining whether any of the provisions of this Act or any requisition, notice or order issued pursuant to this Act is being complied with or is being contravened;\n- (d) making any plan or survey or taking levels;\n- (e) making any inspection or examination;\n- (f) otherwise in or for carrying out any of the powers, duties or authorities conferred or imposed upon the trust by or pursuant to this or any other Act.\n- (a) to take on to the land any persons, vehicles, materials and equipment; and\n- (b) to stay on the land.","sortOrder":57},{"sectionNumber":"pt.5-div.3","sectionType":"division","heading":"Improvement notices","content":"## Improvement notices","sortOrder":58},{"sectionNumber":"sec.11","sectionType":"section","heading":"Definitions","content":"### sec.11 Definitions\n\nIn this division—\nimprovement notice see section 11A (1) .\noccupier , of land, means, if there is no person in actual occupation of the land, a person, whether or not an owner of the land, who is entitled to immediate possession of the land.\nowner , of land, means—\nfor land held from the State for an estate less than freehold—a person who holds the land directly from the State; or\notherwise—a person who is entitled to the rents and profits of the land.\nprohibit , a person from doing a relevant act, includes control or regulate the person’s doing of the relevant act.\nrelevant act means an act causing or contributing to, or likely to cause or contribute to, relevant damage.\nrelevant damage means damage to the bank of a river caused, or likely to be caused, by flood or cyclone.\nrelevant land , for an improvement notice, means any land the subject of a prohibition or requirement provided for in the notice.\ns 11 amd 1959 8 Eliz 2 No. 27 s 11\nsub 1965 No. 34 s 8\namd 1971 No. 21 s 3 ; 1977 No. 5 s 7 ; 1985 No. 111 s 6 ; 1995 No. 58 s 4 sch 1\nsub 2014 No. 64 s 38\n- (a) for land held from the State for an estate less than freehold—a person who holds the land directly from the State; or\n- (b) otherwise—a person who is entitled to the rents and profits of the land.","sortOrder":59},{"sectionNumber":"sec.11A","sectionType":"section","heading":"Improvement notice","content":"### sec.11A Improvement notice\n\nA trust may, by a notice (an improvement notice ) given to a person, do either or both of the following—\nprohibit the person from doing a relevant act as stated in the notice;\nrequire the person to take action, as stated in the notice, to remedy or prevent relevant damage.\nAn improvement notice must—\nstate the time within which compliance with any prohibition or requirement included in the notice must be complied with; and\nstate when the notice ceases to be in force; and\nidentify any relevant land for the notice.\nAn improvement notice may be given to a person only if it is reasonable in the circumstances to give the person the notice.\nAn improvement notice has effect within the trust’s river improvement area.\nIf an improvement notice is given to a person in the person’s capacity as the occupier of relevant land for the notice, the improvement notice applies not only to the person to whom it is given but also to each other person who is an occupier of the relevant land from time to time while the notice is in force as if it had also been given to the other person.\nAn improvement notice may include information about action the trust may take for noncompliance with the notice.\ns 11A ins 1971 No. 21 s 4\namd 1985 No. 111 s 7\nsub 2014 No. 64 s 38\n(sec.11A-ssec.1) A trust may, by a notice (an improvement notice ) given to a person, do either or both of the following— prohibit the person from doing a relevant act as stated in the notice; require the person to take action, as stated in the notice, to remedy or prevent relevant damage.\n(sec.11A-ssec.2) An improvement notice must— state the time within which compliance with any prohibition or requirement included in the notice must be complied with; and state when the notice ceases to be in force; and identify any relevant land for the notice.\n(sec.11A-ssec.3) An improvement notice may be given to a person only if it is reasonable in the circumstances to give the person the notice.\n(sec.11A-ssec.4) An improvement notice has effect within the trust’s river improvement area.\n(sec.11A-ssec.5) If an improvement notice is given to a person in the person’s capacity as the occupier of relevant land for the notice, the improvement notice applies not only to the person to whom it is given but also to each other person who is an occupier of the relevant land from time to time while the notice is in force as if it had also been given to the other person.\n(sec.11A-ssec.6) An improvement notice may include information about action the trust may take for noncompliance with the notice.\n- (a) prohibit the person from doing a relevant act as stated in the notice;\n- (b) require the person to take action, as stated in the notice, to remedy or prevent relevant damage.\n- (a) state the time within which compliance with any prohibition or requirement included in the notice must be complied with; and\n- (b) state when the notice ceases to be in force; and\n- (c) identify any relevant land for the notice.","sortOrder":60},{"sectionNumber":"sec.11B","sectionType":"section","heading":"Recording of improvement notice","content":"### sec.11B Recording of improvement notice\n\nA trust may ask the registrar of titles to record an improvement notice for which there is relevant land.\nThe registrar must record the notice in a way that a search of the register kept by the registrar under any Act relating to relevant land for the notice will show the existence of the notice.\nAs soon as practicable after the improvement notice ceases to be in force for any reason—\nthe trust must advise the registrar that the improvement notice has ceased to be in force; and\nthe registrar must remove the particulars of the improvement notice from the registrar’s records.\ns 11B ins 2014 No. 64 s 38\n(sec.11B-ssec.1) A trust may ask the registrar of titles to record an improvement notice for which there is relevant land.\n(sec.11B-ssec.2) The registrar must record the notice in a way that a search of the register kept by the registrar under any Act relating to relevant land for the notice will show the existence of the notice.\n(sec.11B-ssec.3) As soon as practicable after the improvement notice ceases to be in force for any reason— the trust must advise the registrar that the improvement notice has ceased to be in force; and the registrar must remove the particulars of the improvement notice from the registrar’s records.\n- (a) the trust must advise the registrar that the improvement notice has ceased to be in force; and\n- (b) the registrar must remove the particulars of the improvement notice from the registrar’s records.","sortOrder":61},{"sectionNumber":"sec.11C","sectionType":"section","heading":"Requirement to comply with improvement notice","content":"### sec.11C Requirement to comply with improvement notice\n\nA person to whom an improvement notice applies must take all reasonable steps to comply with the notice while the notice is in force unless the person has a reasonable excuse.\nMaximum penalty—\nfor a first offence—20 penalty units; or\nfor a second or later offence—100 penalty units.\nWithout limiting subsection (1) , for a person who is the occupier of relevant land for the improvement notice, it is a reasonable excuse that the person was not aware, and could not reasonably be expected to have become aware, of the existence of the notice.\ns 11C ins 2014 No. 64 s 38\n(sec.11C-ssec.1) A person to whom an improvement notice applies must take all reasonable steps to comply with the notice while the notice is in force unless the person has a reasonable excuse. Maximum penalty— for a first offence—20 penalty units; or for a second or later offence—100 penalty units.\n(sec.11C-ssec.2) Without limiting subsection (1) , for a person who is the occupier of relevant land for the improvement notice, it is a reasonable excuse that the person was not aware, and could not reasonably be expected to have become aware, of the existence of the notice.\n- (a) for a first offence—20 penalty units; or\n- (b) for a second or later offence—100 penalty units.","sortOrder":62},{"sectionNumber":"sec.11D","sectionType":"section","heading":"Compensation for crop damage","content":"### sec.11D Compensation for crop damage\n\nThis section applies if an occupier of relevant land for an improvement notice—\ntakes action to comply with the notice; and\nin taking the action, can not reasonably avoid causing damage to a cultivated crop growing on the land.\nThe trust must pay the occupier an amount of compensation—\nagreed between the trust and the occupier; or\nif there is no agreement—decided by the Land Court as being fair compensation for the damage.\ns 11D ins 2014 No. 64 s 38\n(sec.11D-ssec.1) This section applies if an occupier of relevant land for an improvement notice— takes action to comply with the notice; and in taking the action, can not reasonably avoid causing damage to a cultivated crop growing on the land.\n(sec.11D-ssec.2) The trust must pay the occupier an amount of compensation— agreed between the trust and the occupier; or if there is no agreement—decided by the Land Court as being fair compensation for the damage.\n- (a) takes action to comply with the notice; and\n- (b) in taking the action, can not reasonably avoid causing damage to a cultivated crop growing on the land.\n- (a) agreed between the trust and the occupier; or\n- (b) if there is no agreement—decided by the Land Court as being fair compensation for the damage.","sortOrder":63},{"sectionNumber":"sec.11E","sectionType":"section","heading":"Work by trust to ensure compliance with improvement notice","content":"### sec.11E Work by trust to ensure compliance with improvement notice\n\nThis section applies if a person to whom an improvement notice applies does not fully comply with the notice.\nThe trust may, through its employees and agents, and with any necessary equipment—\nperform all works necessary to ensure that the person’s obligations under the notice are complied with; and\nto the extent necessary under paragraph (a) , enter and stay on any land.\nAll expenses reasonably incurred by the trust in performing the works may be recovered by the trust as a debt owing by the person to the trust.\nIf the same improvement notice applies to 2 or more persons, the persons are jointly and severally liable to pay the debt owing.\ns 11E ins 2014 No. 64 s 38\n(sec.11E-ssec.1) This section applies if a person to whom an improvement notice applies does not fully comply with the notice.\n(sec.11E-ssec.2) The trust may, through its employees and agents, and with any necessary equipment— perform all works necessary to ensure that the person’s obligations under the notice are complied with; and to the extent necessary under paragraph (a) , enter and stay on any land.\n(sec.11E-ssec.3) All expenses reasonably incurred by the trust in performing the works may be recovered by the trust as a debt owing by the person to the trust.\n(sec.11E-ssec.4) If the same improvement notice applies to 2 or more persons, the persons are jointly and severally liable to pay the debt owing.\n- (a) perform all works necessary to ensure that the person’s obligations under the notice are complied with; and\n- (b) to the extent necessary under paragraph (a) , enter and stay on any land.","sortOrder":64},{"sectionNumber":"sec.11F","sectionType":"section","heading":"Action for debt does not stop proceeding for offence","content":"### sec.11F Action for debt does not stop proceeding for offence\n\nA person may be proceeded against for an offence against section 11C (1) in relation to an improvement notice even if the person is also liable for a debt under section 11E (3) arising out of a failure to comply with the same improvement notice.\nHowever, in a proceeding against a person for an offence against section 11C (1) , the court may, instead of, or in addition to, imposing a penalty, order that—\nthe person must pay an amount the court is satisfied would otherwise be recoverable as a debt under section 11E (3) ; and\npayment of the amount is in satisfaction of the debt.\ns 11F ins 2014 No. 64 s 38\n(sec.11F-ssec.1) A person may be proceeded against for an offence against section 11C (1) in relation to an improvement notice even if the person is also liable for a debt under section 11E (3) arising out of a failure to comply with the same improvement notice.\n(sec.11F-ssec.2) However, in a proceeding against a person for an offence against section 11C (1) , the court may, instead of, or in addition to, imposing a penalty, order that— the person must pay an amount the court is satisfied would otherwise be recoverable as a debt under section 11E (3) ; and payment of the amount is in satisfaction of the debt.\n- (a) the person must pay an amount the court is satisfied would otherwise be recoverable as a debt under section 11E (3) ; and\n- (b) payment of the amount is in satisfaction of the debt.","sortOrder":65},{"sectionNumber":"sec.11G","sectionType":"section","heading":"Injunction","content":"### sec.11G Injunction\n\nThis section applies if a person to whom an improvement notice applies (the relevant person ) has not complied with the notice.\nOn application by the trust that gave the improvement notice, the court may grant an injunction, on terms the court considers appropriate for achieving the purposes of the notice—\nto restrain the relevant person from engaging in stated conduct; or\nto require the relevant person to do any stated act or thing.\nIf the court considers it desirable to do so, the court may—\ngrant an interim injunction pending its decision on an application under subsection (2) ; or\ndischarge or vary an injunction or interim injunction granted under this section.\nIn this section—\ncourt means the Supreme Court.\ns 11G ins 2014 No. 64 s 38\n(sec.11G-ssec.1) This section applies if a person to whom an improvement notice applies (the relevant person ) has not complied with the notice.\n(sec.11G-ssec.2) On application by the trust that gave the improvement notice, the court may grant an injunction, on terms the court considers appropriate for achieving the purposes of the notice— to restrain the relevant person from engaging in stated conduct; or to require the relevant person to do any stated act or thing.\n(sec.11G-ssec.3) If the court considers it desirable to do so, the court may— grant an interim injunction pending its decision on an application under subsection (2) ; or discharge or vary an injunction or interim injunction granted under this section.\n(sec.11G-ssec.4) In this section— court means the Supreme Court.\n- (a) to restrain the relevant person from engaging in stated conduct; or\n- (b) to require the relevant person to do any stated act or thing.\n- (a) grant an interim injunction pending its decision on an application under subsection (2) ; or\n- (b) discharge or vary an injunction or interim injunction granted under this section.","sortOrder":66},{"sectionNumber":"pt.5-div.4","sectionType":"division","heading":"General","content":"## General","sortOrder":67},{"sectionNumber":"sec.11H","sectionType":"section","heading":"Other dealings in land are available to trust","content":"### sec.11H Other dealings in land are available to trust\n\nNothing in this part is intended to stop a trust from seeking to achieve the object of this Act in relation to land through dealings relating to land, including, for example, the registration of an easement.\nFor the purposes of allowing a public utility easement under the Land Title Act 1994 or the Land Act 1994 to be registered in favour of a trust, a trust is taken to be a person authorised to provide a public utility service, as mentioned in—\nthe Land Title Act 1994 , section 81A , definition public utility provider , paragraph (d) ; or\nthe Land Act 1994 , schedule 6 , definition public utility provider , paragraph (d) .\ns 11H ins 2014 No. 64 s 38\n(sec.11H-ssec.1) Nothing in this part is intended to stop a trust from seeking to achieve the object of this Act in relation to land through dealings relating to land, including, for example, the registration of an easement.\n(sec.11H-ssec.2) For the purposes of allowing a public utility easement under the Land Title Act 1994 or the Land Act 1994 to be registered in favour of a trust, a trust is taken to be a person authorised to provide a public utility service, as mentioned in— the Land Title Act 1994 , section 81A , definition public utility provider , paragraph (d) ; or the Land Act 1994 , schedule 6 , definition public utility provider , paragraph (d) .\n- (a) the Land Title Act 1994 , section 81A , definition public utility provider , paragraph (d) ; or\n- (b) the Land Act 1994 , schedule 6 , definition public utility provider , paragraph (d) .","sortOrder":68},{"sectionNumber":"pt.6","sectionType":"part","heading":"Financial matters","content":"# Financial matters","sortOrder":69},{"sectionNumber":"pt.6-div.1","sectionType":"division","heading":"Trusts’ responsibilities","content":"## Trusts’ responsibilities","sortOrder":70},{"sectionNumber":"sec.12","sectionType":"section","heading":"Funds of the trusts","content":"### sec.12 Funds of the trusts\n\nA trust must establish the following funds at a financial institution—\na general fund, to be called the [name of trust] fund;\na loan fund for each loan borrowed;\na reserve fund comprising any reserve accounts established under subsection (4) .\nThe general fund must be made up of all revenues of the trust and must be applied to expenditure properly incurred by the trust, other than expenditure for works for which the trust is authorised to spend loan moneys.\nA loan fund must be made up of the amounts received under a loan and must be applied to expenditure for which the loan was obtained or as otherwise authorised under this Act.\nA trust may establish reserve accounts for the transfer from its general fund of amounts as provided for under its annual budget.\nAn amount held in a reserve account must be used only for the purposes stated for that account.\ns 12 amd 1959 8 Eliz 2 No. 27 s 4; 1968 No. 29 s 3 ; 1977 No. 5 s 8 ; 1985 No. 111 s 8 ; 1992 No. 15 s 13 sch ; 1997 No. 17 s 74 sch ; 1997 No. 78 s 102\nsub 2014 No. 64 s 39\n(sec.12-ssec.1) A trust must establish the following funds at a financial institution— a general fund, to be called the [name of trust] fund; a loan fund for each loan borrowed; a reserve fund comprising any reserve accounts established under subsection (4) .\n(sec.12-ssec.2) The general fund must be made up of all revenues of the trust and must be applied to expenditure properly incurred by the trust, other than expenditure for works for which the trust is authorised to spend loan moneys.\n(sec.12-ssec.3) A loan fund must be made up of the amounts received under a loan and must be applied to expenditure for which the loan was obtained or as otherwise authorised under this Act.\n(sec.12-ssec.4) A trust may establish reserve accounts for the transfer from its general fund of amounts as provided for under its annual budget.\n(sec.12-ssec.5) An amount held in a reserve account must be used only for the purposes stated for that account.\n- (a) a general fund, to be called the [name of trust] fund;\n- (b) a loan fund for each loan borrowed;\n- (c) a reserve fund comprising any reserve accounts established under subsection (4) .","sortOrder":71},{"sectionNumber":"sec.12A","sectionType":"section","heading":"Trust may make certain arrangements about its accounts","content":"### sec.12A Trust may make certain arrangements about its accounts\n\nA trust may, by resolution, enter into a written arrangement with a local government to use the accounts, and the accounting systems, of the local government if—\nat least 1 of the local government’s councillors is a member of the trust; and\nthe trust is satisfied it will achieve operational efficiencies under the arrangement.\nIf a trust enters into an arrangement, the funds established under section 12 must be included with the local government’s accounts and accounting systems and, at least once a month, are to be reconciled to ensure the funds consist of the moneys mentioned in the section.\nThis section applies despite a contrary provision under the Financial Accountability Act 2009 or Statutory Bodies Financial Arrangements Act 1982 .\ns 12A prev s 12A ins 1981 No. 95 s 4\nom 1994 No. 15 s 3 sch 1\npres s 12A ins 1997 No. 78 s 103\namd 2009 No. 9 s 136 sch 1\n(sec.12A-ssec.1) A trust may, by resolution, enter into a written arrangement with a local government to use the accounts, and the accounting systems, of the local government if— at least 1 of the local government’s councillors is a member of the trust; and the trust is satisfied it will achieve operational efficiencies under the arrangement.\n(sec.12A-ssec.2) If a trust enters into an arrangement, the funds established under section 12 must be included with the local government’s accounts and accounting systems and, at least once a month, are to be reconciled to ensure the funds consist of the moneys mentioned in the section.\n(sec.12A-ssec.3) This section applies despite a contrary provision under the Financial Accountability Act 2009 or Statutory Bodies Financial Arrangements Act 1982 .\n- (a) at least 1 of the local government’s councillors is a member of the trust; and\n- (b) the trust is satisfied it will achieve operational efficiencies under the arrangement.","sortOrder":72},{"sectionNumber":"sec.13","sectionType":"section","heading":"Budget","content":"### sec.13 Budget\n\nA trust must propose and adopt a budget for each financial year.\nIn proposing the budget the trust must estimate for the financial year concerned—\nthe amount of revenue; and\nthe expenditure from revenue, including, specifically, expenditure for the undertaking or maintenance of works; and\nthe expenditure from loan funds for the undertaking or maintenance of works; and\nthe amount payable for interest on, or redemption of, loans; and\nthe amounts to be transferred from the general fund to any reserve account established under section 12 (4) .\nAlso, in proposing the budget—\nall expenditure not approved by the Treasurer to be met from loans must be allocated to revenue; and\nthe estimate of revenue must be sufficient in amount to balance with the expenditure allocated under paragraph (a) .\nA trust must give a copy of its adopted annual budget to the chief executive on or before the day prescribed by regulation.\nA trust must follow its budget in its expenditure from revenue and loan funds and, as far as possible, balance the expenditure with the budget.\ns 13 amd 1959 8 Eliz 2 No. 27 s 4; 1968 No. 29 s 4 ; 1977 No. 5 s 9 ; 1985 No. 111 s 9 ; 1992 No. 15 s 13 sch ; 1997 No. 78 s 104\nsub 2014 No. 64 s 40\n(sec.13-ssec.1) A trust must propose and adopt a budget for each financial year.\n(sec.13-ssec.2) In proposing the budget the trust must estimate for the financial year concerned— the amount of revenue; and the expenditure from revenue, including, specifically, expenditure for the undertaking or maintenance of works; and the expenditure from loan funds for the undertaking or maintenance of works; and the amount payable for interest on, or redemption of, loans; and the amounts to be transferred from the general fund to any reserve account established under section 12 (4) .\n(sec.13-ssec.3) Also, in proposing the budget— all expenditure not approved by the Treasurer to be met from loans must be allocated to revenue; and the estimate of revenue must be sufficient in amount to balance with the expenditure allocated under paragraph (a) .\n(sec.13-ssec.4) A trust must give a copy of its adopted annual budget to the chief executive on or before the day prescribed by regulation.\n(sec.13-ssec.5) A trust must follow its budget in its expenditure from revenue and loan funds and, as far as possible, balance the expenditure with the budget.\n- (a) the amount of revenue; and\n- (b) the expenditure from revenue, including, specifically, expenditure for the undertaking or maintenance of works; and\n- (c) the expenditure from loan funds for the undertaking or maintenance of works; and\n- (d) the amount payable for interest on, or redemption of, loans; and\n- (e) the amounts to be transferred from the general fund to any reserve account established under section 12 (4) .\n- (a) all expenditure not approved by the Treasurer to be met from loans must be allocated to revenue; and\n- (b) the estimate of revenue must be sufficient in amount to balance with the expenditure allocated under paragraph (a) .","sortOrder":73},{"sectionNumber":"sec.13A","sectionType":"section","heading":"Unanticipated expenditure","content":"### sec.13A Unanticipated expenditure\n\nA trust must, before making a payment from its general fund or a loan fund in a financial year, approve the payment by a resolution of the trust if the payment—\nwas not provided for in its budget for the financial year; or\nexceeds the amount stated for the payment in the estimates for items of expenditure in the budget for the financial year.\nAlso, loan funds that are already allocated must not be diverted for any expenditure not relating to the allocation without the approval of the Treasurer.\nSection 13 (5) does not stop the trust from expending revenue or loan funds on the undertaking, maintenance or repair of any works made necessary by a flood or cyclone.\ns 13A ins 2014 No. 64 s 40\n(sec.13A-ssec.1) A trust must, before making a payment from its general fund or a loan fund in a financial year, approve the payment by a resolution of the trust if the payment— was not provided for in its budget for the financial year; or exceeds the amount stated for the payment in the estimates for items of expenditure in the budget for the financial year.\n(sec.13A-ssec.2) Also, loan funds that are already allocated must not be diverted for any expenditure not relating to the allocation without the approval of the Treasurer.\n(sec.13A-ssec.3) Section 13 (5) does not stop the trust from expending revenue or loan funds on the undertaking, maintenance or repair of any works made necessary by a flood or cyclone.\n- (a) was not provided for in its budget for the financial year; or\n- (b) exceeds the amount stated for the payment in the estimates for items of expenditure in the budget for the financial year.","sortOrder":74},{"sectionNumber":"pt.6-div.2","sectionType":"division","heading":"Funding","content":"## Funding","sortOrder":75},{"sectionNumber":"sec.14","sectionType":"section","heading":"Liability of local government to contribute to trust","content":"### sec.14 Liability of local government to contribute to trust\n\nEvery local government the area or any part of the area of which is included in a river improvement area shall be liable to contribute to the trust constituted for such river improvement area in each year the sum hereinafter prescribed.\nIf the river improvement area is comprised of the area or part of the area of any one local government the sum to be so contributed shall be the amount of revenue estimated by the trust in the budget adopted by it for such year.\nIf the river improvement area comprises areas or parts of areas of more than 1 local government the sum to be so contributed by each such local government is the amount negotiated and agreed each financial year by the trust and each of the local governments.\nIf there is a failure under subsection (1B) , within a time the Minister considers reasonable, to negotiate and agree an amount to be contributed by a local government, the amount the local government must contribute is the amount decided by the Minister.\nFor the purpose of obtaining payment from a local government of the amount payable by it hereunder to the trust in any year, the trust shall have full power and authority to issue a precept signed by the chairperson or any 2 members to such local government stating therein the sum to be contributed by such local government and requiring such local government within a time limited by the precept to pay the sum mentioned to the credit of the general fund of the trust.\nFor the purpose of recovering the amount of any such precept the trust shall have and may exercise all or any of the powers, functions, and rights of a local government under the Local Government Act 2009 , and a local government upon which such precept is issued shall be subject to all such duties, responsibilities, and obligations and have all such powers and authorities in respect of the payment of the sum mentioned and the raising of such amount as if such precept were a precept duly issued to such local government by a joint local government, and all the relative provisions of the Local Government Act 2009 shall, mutatis mutandis, apply and extend accordingly.\ns 14 amd 1959 8 Eliz 2 No. 27 ss 4, 12; 1959 8 Eliz 2 No. 71 s 5; 1965 No. 34 s 9 ; 1981 No. 95 s 5 ; 1997 No. 17 s 74 sch ; 2009 No. 17 s 331 sch 1 ; 2014 No. 64 s 41\n(sec.14-ssec.1) Every local government the area or any part of the area of which is included in a river improvement area shall be liable to contribute to the trust constituted for such river improvement area in each year the sum hereinafter prescribed.\n(sec.14-ssec.1A) If the river improvement area is comprised of the area or part of the area of any one local government the sum to be so contributed shall be the amount of revenue estimated by the trust in the budget adopted by it for such year.\n(sec.14-ssec.1B) If the river improvement area comprises areas or parts of areas of more than 1 local government the sum to be so contributed by each such local government is the amount negotiated and agreed each financial year by the trust and each of the local governments.\n(sec.14-ssec.1C) If there is a failure under subsection (1B) , within a time the Minister considers reasonable, to negotiate and agree an amount to be contributed by a local government, the amount the local government must contribute is the amount decided by the Minister.\n(sec.14-ssec.2) For the purpose of obtaining payment from a local government of the amount payable by it hereunder to the trust in any year, the trust shall have full power and authority to issue a precept signed by the chairperson or any 2 members to such local government stating therein the sum to be contributed by such local government and requiring such local government within a time limited by the precept to pay the sum mentioned to the credit of the general fund of the trust.\n(sec.14-ssec.2A) For the purpose of recovering the amount of any such precept the trust shall have and may exercise all or any of the powers, functions, and rights of a local government under the Local Government Act 2009 , and a local government upon which such precept is issued shall be subject to all such duties, responsibilities, and obligations and have all such powers and authorities in respect of the payment of the sum mentioned and the raising of such amount as if such precept were a precept duly issued to such local government by a joint local government, and all the relative provisions of the Local Government Act 2009 shall, mutatis mutandis, apply and extend accordingly.","sortOrder":76},{"sectionNumber":"sec.14A","sectionType":"section","heading":null,"content":"### Section sec.14A\n\ns 14A ins 1959 8 Eliz 2 No. 27 s 13\nom 2014 No. 64 s 42","sortOrder":77},{"sectionNumber":"sec.14B","sectionType":"section","heading":"Other contributions in aid of works","content":"### sec.14B Other contributions in aid of works\n\nA trust may make with any corporation, instrumentality or authority created by or under any Act an arrangement whereby such corporation, instrumentality or authority undertakes to contribute in aid of the undertaking and maintenance, or undertaking or maintenance, of any works by the trust under this Act which are or will be to the benefit of such corporation, instrumentality or authority.\nA trust may make with the owner or, where the owner is not the occupier, with the owner and occupier, of land within the trust’s river improvement area an arrangement under which the owner or occupier undertakes to contribute to the undertaking or maintenance of any works by the trust which are or will be to the benefit of the owner or occupier.\nA trust may do all things necessary or convenient to be done in connection with, or incidental to, the making of an arrangement under subsection (1) or (2) , including, for example—\nentering into and complying with contracts, agreements or arrangements the trust considers to be necessary or desirable to enable it to properly perform its functions under this section; and\nobtaining, taking and holding securities for the payment of any amount by any person under this section, including interest charges and expenses chargeable to the owner or occupier.\nAn arrangement made by a trust under subsection (2) is binding on the trust and all other parties to the agreement, their successors, executors, administrators, and permitted assigns.\nAny amount payable to the trust under this section and not paid is recoverable by the trust as a debt.\ns 14B ins 1959 8 Eliz 2 No. 71 s 6\namd 1981 No. 95 s 6 ; 2001 No. 71 s 551 sch 1 ; 2014 No. 64 s 43\n(sec.14B-ssec.1) A trust may make with any corporation, instrumentality or authority created by or under any Act an arrangement whereby such corporation, instrumentality or authority undertakes to contribute in aid of the undertaking and maintenance, or undertaking or maintenance, of any works by the trust under this Act which are or will be to the benefit of such corporation, instrumentality or authority.\n(sec.14B-ssec.2) A trust may make with the owner or, where the owner is not the occupier, with the owner and occupier, of land within the trust’s river improvement area an arrangement under which the owner or occupier undertakes to contribute to the undertaking or maintenance of any works by the trust which are or will be to the benefit of the owner or occupier.\n(sec.14B-ssec.3) A trust may do all things necessary or convenient to be done in connection with, or incidental to, the making of an arrangement under subsection (1) or (2) , including, for example— entering into and complying with contracts, agreements or arrangements the trust considers to be necessary or desirable to enable it to properly perform its functions under this section; and obtaining, taking and holding securities for the payment of any amount by any person under this section, including interest charges and expenses chargeable to the owner or occupier.\n(sec.14B-ssec.4) An arrangement made by a trust under subsection (2) is binding on the trust and all other parties to the agreement, their successors, executors, administrators, and permitted assigns.\n(sec.14B-ssec.5) Any amount payable to the trust under this section and not paid is recoverable by the trust as a debt.\n- (a) entering into and complying with contracts, agreements or arrangements the trust considers to be necessary or desirable to enable it to properly perform its functions under this section; and\n- (b) obtaining, taking and holding securities for the payment of any amount by any person under this section, including interest charges and expenses chargeable to the owner or occupier.","sortOrder":78},{"sectionNumber":"sec.15","sectionType":"section","heading":null,"content":"### Section sec.15\n\ns 15 amd 1959 8 Eliz 2 No. 27 s 4; 1983 No. 42 s 4 ; 1992 No. 15 s 13 sch ; 2000 No. 26 s 12 sch 1\nom 2014 No. 64 s 44","sortOrder":79},{"sectionNumber":"sec.16","sectionType":"section","heading":null,"content":"### Section sec.16\n\ns 16 amd 1959 8 Eliz 2 No. 27 s 4; 1992 No. 15 s 13 sch ; 2000 No. 26 s 12 sch 1\nom 2014 No. 64 s 44","sortOrder":80},{"sectionNumber":"sec.17","sectionType":"section","heading":null,"content":"### Section sec.17\n\ns 17 amd 1959 8 Eliz 2 No. 27 s 4; 1992 No. 15 s 13 sch ; 2000 No. 26 s 12 sch 1\nom 2014 No. 64 s 44","sortOrder":81},{"sectionNumber":"sec.17A","sectionType":"section","heading":null,"content":"### Section sec.17A\n\ns 17A ins 1983 No. 42 s 5\nom 1992 No. 15 s 13 sch","sortOrder":82},{"sectionNumber":"sec.18","sectionType":"section","heading":null,"content":"### Section sec.18\n\ns 18 om 2014 No. 64 s 44","sortOrder":83},{"sectionNumber":"pt.7","sectionType":"part","heading":null,"content":"","sortOrder":84},{"sectionNumber":"pt.8","sectionType":"part","heading":"General","content":"# General","sortOrder":85},{"sectionNumber":"sec.19","sectionType":"section","heading":"Entry and inspection of land","content":"### sec.19 Entry and inspection of land\n\nThe chief executive or any person authorised by the chief executive in that behalf, or any member of the trust, or any of its officers or employees authorised in that behalf by the trust, may enter any land within the river improvement area for the purpose of inspecting same.\ns 19 amd 1959 8 Eliz 2 No. 27 s 4; 1992 No. 15 s 13 sch","sortOrder":86},{"sectionNumber":"sec.19A","sectionType":"section","heading":null,"content":"### Section sec.19A\n\ns 19A ins 1959 8 Eliz 2 No. 27 s 14\namd 1992 No. 15 s 13 sch\nom 2014 No. 64 s 45","sortOrder":87},{"sectionNumber":"sec.19B","sectionType":"section","heading":null,"content":"### Section sec.19B\n\ns 19B ins 1959 8 Eliz 2 No. 27 s 14\nom 1992 No. 15 s 13 sch","sortOrder":88},{"sectionNumber":"sec.20","sectionType":"section","heading":"Proceedings for offences","content":"### sec.20 Proceedings for offences\n\nA proceeding for an offence against this Act must be taken in a summary way under the Justices Act 1886 within the later of the following—\n6 months after the offence is committed;\n4 months after the commission of the offence comes to the complainant’s knowledge, but not later than 1 year after the offence is committed.\nOn convicting a person for an offence in relation to damaging or destroying or attempting to damage or destroy any works, a court may, instead of or in addition to imposing a penalty, order the person to pay to the trust responsible for the works the whole of the expenses reasonably incurred by the trust as a result of the commission of the offence.\nA person can not be required under subsection (2) to pay an amount as reimbursement for damage or destruction unless the damage or destruction was caused by the person directly.\ns 20 amd 1959 8 Eliz 2 No. 27 s 4; 1965 No. 34 s 10 ; 1985 No. 111 s 10 ; 1992 No. 15 s 13 sch ; 1995 No. 58 s 4 sch 1\nsub 2014 No. 64 s 46\n(sec.20-ssec.1) A proceeding for an offence against this Act must be taken in a summary way under the Justices Act 1886 within the later of the following— 6 months after the offence is committed; 4 months after the commission of the offence comes to the complainant’s knowledge, but not later than 1 year after the offence is committed.\n(sec.20-ssec.2) On convicting a person for an offence in relation to damaging or destroying or attempting to damage or destroy any works, a court may, instead of or in addition to imposing a penalty, order the person to pay to the trust responsible for the works the whole of the expenses reasonably incurred by the trust as a result of the commission of the offence.\n(sec.20-ssec.3) A person can not be required under subsection (2) to pay an amount as reimbursement for damage or destruction unless the damage or destruction was caused by the person directly.\n- (a) 6 months after the offence is committed;\n- (b) 4 months after the commission of the offence comes to the complainant’s knowledge, but not later than 1 year after the offence is committed.","sortOrder":89},{"sectionNumber":"sec.20A","sectionType":"section","heading":null,"content":"### Section sec.20A\n\ns 20A ins 1981 No. 95 s 7\namd 1997 No. 78 s 105 ; 2009 No. 9 s 136 sch 1\nom 2014 No. 64 s 47","sortOrder":90},{"sectionNumber":"sec.20B","sectionType":"section","heading":"Fees and allowances for chairperson and members","content":"### sec.20B Fees and allowances for chairperson and members\n\nThe chairperson and other members of a trust are entitled to be paid the fees and allowances approved by the Minister.\ns 20B ins 2013 No. 23 s 192","sortOrder":91},{"sectionNumber":"sec.21","sectionType":"section","heading":"Delegations","content":"### sec.21 Delegations\n\nThe chief executive may delegate the chief executive’s powers under this Act to an appropriately qualified person.\ns 21 sub 1997 No. 78 s 106\namd 2014 No. 64 s 48","sortOrder":92},{"sectionNumber":"sec.22","sectionType":"section","heading":"Regulation-making power","content":"### sec.22 Regulation-making power\n\nThe Governor in Council may make regulations under this Act.\nA regulation may be made for or about—\nthe fees or allowances of the secretary of the trust;\nthe periodical inspection by a person authorised in that behalf by the Minister of the affairs of the trust, the powers, duties, and obligations of such person, and the obligations, duties, and responsibilities of the members, secretary, officers, and employees of the trust in relation to such person;\nwhere no provision or no sufficient provision is made by this Act in relation thereto, regulating and controlling the conduct by the trust of its business and proceedings or the exercise by it of its powers, authorities, duties, and functions under this Act;\npenalties not exceeding in any case 20 penalty units for breaches of the regulations.\ns 22 amd 1959 8 Eliz 2 No. 27 s 4; 1968 No. 29 s 5 ; 1981 No. 95 s 8 ; 1985 No. 111 s 11 ; 1992 No. 15 s 13 sch ; 1995 No. 58 s 4 sch 1 ; 1997 No. 17 s 74 sch ; 2013 No. 23 s 193 ; 2014 No. 64 s 49\n(sec.22-ssec.1) The Governor in Council may make regulations under this Act.\n(sec.22-ssec.2) A regulation may be made for or about— the fees or allowances of the secretary of the trust; the periodical inspection by a person authorised in that behalf by the Minister of the affairs of the trust, the powers, duties, and obligations of such person, and the obligations, duties, and responsibilities of the members, secretary, officers, and employees of the trust in relation to such person; where no provision or no sufficient provision is made by this Act in relation thereto, regulating and controlling the conduct by the trust of its business and proceedings or the exercise by it of its powers, authorities, duties, and functions under this Act; penalties not exceeding in any case 20 penalty units for breaches of the regulations.\n- (a) the fees or allowances of the secretary of the trust;\n- (b) the periodical inspection by a person authorised in that behalf by the Minister of the affairs of the trust, the powers, duties, and obligations of such person, and the obligations, duties, and responsibilities of the members, secretary, officers, and employees of the trust in relation to such person;\n- (c) where no provision or no sufficient provision is made by this Act in relation thereto, regulating and controlling the conduct by the trust of its business and proceedings or the exercise by it of its powers, authorities, duties, and functions under this Act;\n- (d) penalties not exceeding in any case 20 penalty units for breaches of the regulations.","sortOrder":93},{"sectionNumber":"sec.22A","sectionType":"section","heading":null,"content":"### Section sec.22A\n\ns 22A ins 1992 No. 15 s 13 sch\nom 1995 No. 58 s 4 sch 1","sortOrder":94},{"sectionNumber":"sec.23","sectionType":"section","heading":"Approval of forms","content":"### sec.23 Approval of forms\n\nThe chief executive may approve forms for use under this Act.\ns 23 prev s 23 amd 1959 8 Eliz 2 No. 27 s 4\nom 1992 No. 15 s 13 sch\npres s 23 ins 1995 No. 58 s 4 sch 1","sortOrder":95},{"sectionNumber":"pt.9","sectionType":"part","heading":"Transitional provision for Water Legislation Amendment Act 2016","content":"# Transitional provision for Water Legislation Amendment Act 2016","sortOrder":96},{"sectionNumber":"sec.24","sectionType":"section","heading":"Continuance of areas and trusts","content":"### sec.24 Continuance of areas and trusts\n\nTo remove any doubt, it is declared that each relevant area, and the trust for each relevant area, continued in existence under this Act on and after 19 December 2014.\nFor the appointment by the Minister, before the commencement, of a person to the membership of the trust for a relevant area, section 5(1)(b) is taken never to have required the number of persons to be appointed to be as stated in a regulation.\nIf a provision of this Act applies to a member of a trust as having been appointed under section 5(1)(a) or under section 5(1)(b), the reference to either provision is taken to be a reference to the provision as in force when the person was appointed to the trust.\nIn this section—\nrelevant area means a river improvement area, including the Burdekin Shire Rivers Improvement Area, in existence under this Act as a river improvement area immediately before 19 December 2014.\ns 24 orig s 24 ins 1995 No. 58 s 4 sch 1\nexp 28 May 1996 (see s 24(3))\nprev s 24 ins 1997 No. 78 s 107\nom 2014 No. 64 s 50\npres s 24 ins 2016 No. 60 s 5\n(sec.24-ssec.1) To remove any doubt, it is declared that each relevant area, and the trust for each relevant area, continued in existence under this Act on and after 19 December 2014.\n(sec.24-ssec.2) For the appointment by the Minister, before the commencement, of a person to the membership of the trust for a relevant area, section 5(1)(b) is taken never to have required the number of persons to be appointed to be as stated in a regulation.\n(sec.24-ssec.3) If a provision of this Act applies to a member of a trust as having been appointed under section 5(1)(a) or under section 5(1)(b), the reference to either provision is taken to be a reference to the provision as in force when the person was appointed to the trust.\n(sec.24-ssec.4) In this section— relevant area means a river improvement area, including the Burdekin Shire Rivers Improvement Area, in existence under this Act as a river improvement area immediately before 19 December 2014.","sortOrder":97},{"sectionNumber":"sec.25","sectionType":"section","heading":null,"content":"### Section sec.25\n\ns 25 ins 2013 No. 23 s 191\nom 2014 No. 64 s 50","sortOrder":98},{"sectionNumber":"sec.26","sectionType":"section","heading":null,"content":"### Section sec.26\n\ns 26 ins 2013 No. 23 s 191\nom 2014 No. 64 s 50","sortOrder":99},{"sectionNumber":"sec.27","sectionType":"section","heading":null,"content":"### Section sec.27\n\ns 27 ins 2013 No. 23 s 191\nom 2014 No. 64 s 50","sortOrder":100},{"sectionNumber":"sec.28","sectionType":"section","heading":null,"content":"### Section sec.28\n\ns 28 ins 2013 No. 23 s 191\nom 2014 No. 64 s 50","sortOrder":101}],"analysis":{"kimi_summary":{"_metrics":{"completionTokens":730},"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":6,"scope_assessment":{"changed":true,"description":"The Act has expanded significantly from its original 1940 purpose. The 2014 amendments (No. 64) introduced a modernised object clause covering catchment health, water security, climate resilience, and water quality — well beyond traditional river engineering. New enforcement tools (improvement notices with land title registration), broader membership options including Governor-in-Council appointments, and enhanced financial accountability provisions represent a substantial shift toward integrated catchment management rather than simple river works."},"complexity_factors":["Multiple appointment pathways for trust members (sections 5, 5A) with different term limits and removal procedures","Extensive cross-referencing to other Acts including Local Government Act 2009, Financial Accountability Act 2009, Statutory Bodies Financial Arrangements Act 1982, Land Act 1994, Acquisition of Land Act 1967, and Corporations Act","Conditional logic for improvement notices with multiple enforcement pathways (debt recovery, penalties, injunctions)","Overlapping membership rules with exceptions (e.g., section 5(2) allowing additional councillor appointments 'if the Minister considers it appropriate')","Transitional provisions with retrospective effect (section 24)","Numerous repealed and substituted sections creating historical layering","Financial management requirements spanning multiple legislative frameworks"],"plain_english_summary":"This Queensland Act creates a system for managing river catchment areas through **River Improvement Trusts**.\n\n**What it does:**\n- Allows the government to declare **river improvement areas** covering parts or all of one or more local council areas\n- Establishes **trusts** for each area — these are independent bodies with legal powers to manage rivers and their catchments\n\n**What the trusts can do:**\n- Plan and carry out works to protect rivers, improve water quality, reduce flood damage, and secure water supplies\n- **Compulsorily acquire land** for river works (using separate land acquisition laws)\n- Issue **improvement notices** to landowners requiring them to stop damaging riverbanks or fix damage caused by floods/cyclones\n- Enter private land to inspect conditions or carry out emergency works\n- Make agreements with landowners and register them on property titles\n- Sue and be sued, own property, and enter contracts\n\n**Who runs the trusts:**\n- Each trust has members appointed by local councils (2 councillors per council) plus up to 3 people appointed by the Minister\n- Alternative arrangements allow Governor-in-Council appointments with broader representation\n- Members elect a chairperson and deputy chairperson\n- Members can be removed for misconduct, non-attendance, or not acting in the trust's best interests\n\n**Funding:**\n- Local councils must contribute to their trust based on negotiated agreements or Minister-determined amounts\n- Trusts can also borrow money, receive grants, and make arrangements with landowners or other government bodies for contributions\n\n**Key enforcement tools:**\n- **Improvement notices** can prohibit harmful activities and require remedial action\n- Non-compliance carries penalties (up to 100 penalty units for repeat offences)\n- Trusts can do the work themselves and recover costs, or seek court injunctions\n- Landowners who damage crops while complying with notices may claim compensation\n\n**Why it matters:**\nThis Act gives local communities a formal structure to tackle river management problems — from erosion and flooding to water security — with real legal powers to make decisions, raise money, and enforce obligations on landowners."},"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"A positive credit balance is required for all requests, including BYOK, so fallback providers remain available. Add credits at https://vercel.com/d?to=%2F%5Bteam%5D%2F%7E%2Fai%3Fmodal%3Dtop-up to continue.","source":"analysis-cron"},"summary":{"complexity_score":7,"scope_assessment":{"changed":true,"description":"The original 1940 Act was narrowly focused on repairing and maintaining riverbanks, particularly against flood damage. Successive amendments — especially the major 2014 reforms — significantly broadened the scope to include proactive catchment management, water quality improvement, ecosystem resilience, cyclone recovery, and water security. The trust's role has evolved from a reactive repair body into a comprehensive environmental and river catchment management authority, with new enforcement tools (improvement notices, injunctions) and expanded powers that go well beyond the original river repair focus."},"complexity_factors":["Multiple overlapping appointment mechanisms for trust membership (local government, Minister, Governor in Council), each with different rules and procedures","Cross-references to numerous other Acts (Financial Accountability Act 2009, Statutory Bodies Financial Arrangements Act 1982, Land Act 1994, Acquisition of Land Act 1967, Local Government Act 2009, Land Title Act 1994, Corporations Act, Criminal Law (Rehabilitation of Offenders) Act 1986)","Dual membership structure — default structure under s5(1) AND an alternative regulatory structure under s5(1A) — operating in parallel with different governance rules","Layered enforcement regime for improvement notices (criminal penalty, debt recovery, AND injunction relief available simultaneously with interaction rules between them)","Complex funding model involving negotiated contributions between trusts and multiple local governments, with ministerial fallback determination","Extensive vacancy and removal provisions with different rules depending on who appointed the member and the nature of the office","Long legislative history with many amendments since 1940, leading to non-sequential section numbering (e.g., 5, 5A, 5B... 5RA) and omitted provisions","Land registration obligations creating obligations binding on successors in title, requiring understanding of property law concepts","Trust agreements attaching to land and binding future owners adds conveyancing complexity for property buyers and sellers"],"plain_english_summary":"## River Improvement Trust Act 1940 (Queensland)\n\n### What is this law about?\nThis Queensland law sets up a system for managing and protecting rivers and their surrounding land (called \"catchment areas\"). It does this by creating special bodies called **River Improvement Trusts** — think of them as regional committees with real powers to protect rivers from flood damage, improve water quality, and maintain healthy waterways.\n\n### Who does it affect?\n- **Landowners and occupiers** near rivers — the trust can issue you legal notices requiring you to stop certain activities or fix damage to riverbanks. If you don't comply, the trust can do the work itself and bill you for it.\n- **Local councils** — they must contribute money to the trust each year (like a compulsory levy) and appoint councillors as trust members.\n- **Anyone whose land is in a \"river improvement area\"** — these are designated zones where the trust has authority to act.\n- **Developers or farmers** near riverbanks — your activities may be restricted if they risk damaging riverbanks during floods or cyclones.\n\n### How does it work in practice?\n\n**Step 1 — Creating the system:** The Queensland government can declare a \"river improvement area\" by regulation (a type of law made by the government without going through Parliament each time). When it does, it must also create a trust to manage that area.\n\n**Step 2 — Running the trust:** Each trust is a proper legal body (called a \"body corporate\") — it can sign contracts, own property, and be sued. It's governed by a board of members, mostly local councillors plus a few people appointed by the Minister. Members serve up to 4-year terms.\n\n**Step 3 — Trust powers:** Trusts can:\n- Build and maintain river improvement works (like levees, bank stabilisation)\n- Compulsorily acquire (forcibly buy) land needed for works\n- Issue **\"improvement notices\"** telling people to stop damaging riverbanks or to fix existing damage\n- Enter private land (with 7 days' notice, or immediately in emergencies)\n- Register agreements about land use with the land titles office (so future buyers are bound by them)\n- Apply to the Supreme Court for injunctions if someone ignores their notices\n\n**Step 4 — Funding:** Local councils in the river improvement area must pay contributions to the trust each year — essentially rates money flows from councils to the trust. The trust must set an annual budget and follow it.\n\n### Key things to know if you own land near a river:\n- You could receive an **improvement notice** requiring you to take specific action (e.g., remove vegetation or stabilise a bank). Ignoring it can result in fines up to 100 penalty units (currently around $15,000 for repeat offences) OR the trust doing the work and sending you the bill.\n- Trust agreements about your land can be registered on your title — meaning they bind future owners if you sell.\n- If complying with a notice damages your crops, the trust must compensate you.\n- In emergencies, authorised officers can enter your land immediately without notice."},"issue_detection":{"absurdities":[{"type":"other","section":"sec.5F(1) and sec.5F(2)","severity":"low","reasoning":"The election mechanism in s.5F(1) is rendered meaningless if there is only one eligible candidate. While s.5F(2) addresses this, the mandatory 'election' framing in s.5F(1) presupposes a choice that cannot exist in that scenario.","confidence":0.65,"description":"A trust must elect its chairperson from members appointed under s.5(1)(b) (Minister-appointed members), but if only 1 such member exists, the Minister must appoint that member as chairperson. This means the trust has no discretion in the very scenario most likely to arise in small trusts, yet the primary rule still nominally requires an 'election' from a pool that may be too small to constitute a meaningful democratic choice."},{"type":"self_contradicting","section":"sec.5Q(2) and sec.5Q(3)","severity":"medium","reasoning":"The deemed negative vote for abstentions effectively pre-empts ties in many situations, making the casting vote mechanism potentially redundant or creating perverse incentives for members to abstain strategically to defeat resolutions without a recorded vote against.","confidence":0.7,"description":"Section 5Q(3) deems a member who fails to vote as having voted in the negative. However, s.5Q(2) grants the presiding member a casting vote only when votes are equal. If abstaining members are counted as negative votes, a presiding member could never have a casting vote in a scenario where their own vote was needed to break a tie, because the abstentions would already have decided the outcome in the negative. This undermines the utility of the casting vote provision."},{"type":"other","section":"sec.5O","severity":"medium","reasoning":"While not strictly a logical impossibility, a quorum of 2 regardless of total membership size is anomalously low for a statutory body with compulsory acquisition powers, debt recovery powers, and the ability to bind landowners. No minimum proportion of members is required.","confidence":0.72,"description":"A quorum at a trust meeting is only 2 members. Under s.5(1), a trust's default membership comprises 2 councillors per constituent local government plus up to 3 Minister-appointed members. For a trust covering multiple local governments, the membership could be substantial, yet decisions binding on entire river catchment areas can be made by just 2 people. This creates a structurally low legitimacy threshold for consequential decisions."},{"type":"self_contradicting","section":"sec.5C(1)(d) and sec.6(1)","severity":"medium","reasoning":"The Act mandates a secretary be appointed (s.6(1)) and disqualifies secretaries from membership (s.5C(1)(d)), but does not address what happens if a sitting member is appointed secretary, nor does it specify that the disqualification operates only prospectively upon appointment. This creates a practical operational gap.","confidence":0.75,"description":"Section 5C(1)(d) disqualifies a person from being a trust member if they are 'the secretary or another officer or an employee of the trust'. Section 6(1) requires the trust to appoint a secretary. However, if the secretary is already a member, s.5C renders them ineligible as a member. If a member is then appointed secretary, s.5C would require their removal as a member. The Act creates no sequencing rule for which office prevails, potentially causing an unresolvable conflict if a member is appointed secretary."},{"type":"self_contradicting","section":"sec.5E(1) and sec.11C(2)","severity":"high","reasoning":"The combination of optional registration (s.11B(1)), an ignorance-based reasonable excuse (s.11C(2)), and mandatory debt recovery from all persons subject to the notice (s.11E(3)-(4)) creates a situation where a person could have a complete defence to the criminal offence but still be liable for the civil debt — a structurally inconsistent outcome that the Act does not resolve.","confidence":0.8,"description":"Section 11C(2) provides that for an occupier of relevant land, a reasonable excuse for non-compliance with an improvement notice is that they were not aware and could not reasonably have been expected to become aware of the notice. However, s.11B allows (but does not require) the trust to register the notice on the land title. The trust's discretionary decision not to register means third-party occupiers may genuinely not know of the notice, yet s.11E still allows the trust to recover expenses from them as a debt for work done to remedy their non-compliance."},{"type":"circular_definition","section":"sec.14(1A) and sec.14(1B)","severity":"medium","reasoning":"The contribution obligation for a single local government is entirely self-referential to the trust's own budget estimate, with no statutory limit, proportionality requirement, or external check. This gives the trust unconstrained power to determine its own funding from a captive contributor.","confidence":0.78,"description":"Where there is only one constituent local government, the contribution amount is the entire estimated revenue in the trust's budget (s.14(1A)). This is circular: the trust estimates revenue based in part on what it expects to receive, and then levies that exact amount. The trust could theoretically set its estimated revenue at any figure and the single local government would be obligated to pay it, with no independent cap or reasonableness check in the provision itself."},{"type":"impossible_compliance","section":"sec.5M(1)(a) and sec.5N(2)","severity":"high","reasoning":"After mass removal under s.5M, the vacancy-filling provisions in s.5A apply only to individual vacancies and require a functioning appointing body (local government or Minister acting in the normal course). There is no streamlined mechanism to reconstitute the entire trust, potentially leaving the river improvement area without any governing body indefinitely.","confidence":0.82,"description":"Section 5N(2) requires a trust to meet at least twice in a financial year. Section 5M(1)(a) allows the Minister or Governor in Council to remove all trust members if the trust does not meet at least twice in a financial year. However, if all members are removed, the trust has no members left to convene a meeting, creating a situation where the trust cannot remedy the very default that caused the removal — yet the Act provides no mechanism for appointing replacement members in bulk following a mass removal under s.5M."},{"type":"impossible_compliance","section":"sec.5J(1)","severity":"medium","reasoning":"Section 5J(1) requires resignation notice to be given to 'the chairperson'. When the chairperson seeks to resign as a member (not just as chairperson), they cannot give the notice to themselves. Section 5J(2) covers resignation from the office of chairperson separately (notice to other members), but does not resolve the mechanism for the chairperson to also resign as a member simultaneously.","confidence":0.85,"description":"A member of a trust resigns by giving a signed notice to the chairperson. But if the chairperson is the member who wishes to resign as a member (as distinct from resigning as chairperson under s.5J(2)), they must give the notice to themselves. The Act does not address this logical impossibility."},{"type":"other","section":"sec.10(2A)","severity":"low","reasoning":"While requiring expert advice is sensible policy, the absence of any standard for what constitutes 'suitably qualified' renders the obligation practically unenforceable and legally uncertain.","confidence":0.68,"description":"Section 10(2A) requires a trust to 'obtain advice from suitably qualified persons' for all works, including for designing and subsequent monitoring. There is no definition of 'suitably qualified', no register or accreditation system referenced, and no mechanism to determine compliance. This creates an unenforceable obligation — the trust must obtain advice but the standard of qualification is indeterminate."}],"contradictions":[{"severity":"low","section_a":"sec.5(1)","section_b":"sec.5(1A)","confidence":0.6,"description":"Section 5(1) establishes the default membership composition (2 local government councillors per constituent LG plus up to 3 Minister-appointed persons). Section 5(1A) provides an alternative composition by regulation appointed by Governor in Council. The two regimes can coexist for different trusts, but the Act provides no priority rule if a regulation under s.5(1A) is made for a trust already constituted under s.5(1), potentially creating uncertainty about which membership regime applies during a transition."},{"severity":"medium","section_a":"sec.5K(3)","section_b":"sec.5K(4)","confidence":0.72,"description":"Section 5K(3) allows the Minister to remove a Minister-appointed member (under s.5(1)(b)) if the Minister believes on reasonable grounds the person is not acting in the best interests of the trust. Section 5K(4) allows the Governor in Council to remove a Governor in Council-appointed member (under s.5(1A)(b)(ii)) on the same grounds. However, s.5K(2) lists the general grounds for removal applicable to all appointing bodies, including these same persons. It is unclear whether ss.5K(3) and (4) are additional grounds or exclusive alternative grounds for those specific categories of members, creating ambiguity about whether the general grounds in s.5K(2) also apply."},{"severity":"high","section_a":"sec.5M(2)(a)","section_b":"sec.5M(2)(b)","confidence":0.88,"description":"Section 5M(2)(a) states the Minister may remove members of a trust 'even if any of them was appointed by a local government'. Section 5M(2)(b) states 'only the Governor in Council may remove the members of a trust appointed by the Governor in Council'. Read together, the Minister can remove Governor-in-Council-appointed members (via s.5M(2)(a)) but s.5M(2)(b) reserves that power exclusively to the Governor in Council. These provisions directly contradict each other with respect to Governor-in-Council-appointed members."},{"severity":"medium","section_a":"sec.5F(1)","section_b":"sec.5F(4)","confidence":0.7,"description":"Section 5F(1) requires a trust to elect its chairperson from members appointed under s.5(1)(b) (Minister-appointed members). Section 5F(4) provides that the Governor in Council appoints the chairperson of a trust constituted under s.5(1A). These are mutually exclusive chairperson selection mechanisms tied to the membership regime in place. However, neither provision addresses what happens if a trust transitions between the two membership regimes — there is no savings provision for the incumbent chairperson or requirement for a fresh appointment."},{"severity":"medium","section_a":"sec.11C(1)","section_b":"sec.11E(3)-(4)","confidence":0.78,"description":"Section 11C(1) creates a criminal offence for failing to comply with an improvement notice, subject to a reasonable excuse defence. Section 11E(3)-(4) imposes civil debt liability on all persons subject to the same notice for expenses incurred by the trust. The reasonable excuse defence applicable to the criminal offence does not apply to the civil debt, meaning a person fully exonerated of the offence remains liable for the debt. While dual civil/criminal liability is not unprecedented, the Act explicitly links them (s.11F) without resolving this asymmetry, creating an internally inconsistent enforcement regime."},{"severity":"medium","section_a":"sec.13(5)","section_b":"sec.13A(3)","confidence":0.73,"description":"Section 13(5) requires a trust to 'follow its budget' and 'as far as possible, balance the expenditure with the budget'. Section 13A(3) states that s.13(5) does not stop the trust from spending on works made necessary by flood or cyclone. However, s.13A(1) separately requires prior trust resolution for any unbudgeted payment. Read together, emergency flood/cyclone expenditure is exempt from the budget-following obligation (s.13A(3)) but may still require a prior resolution under s.13A(1), which may be impractical in a genuine emergency. The provisions are not reconciled."},{"severity":"medium","section_a":"sec.5C(1)(e)","section_b":"sec.14B(2)","confidence":0.67,"description":"Section 5C(1)(e) disqualifies from trust membership any person 'directly interested in an agreement with, or on behalf of, the trust'. Section 14B(2) permits the trust to enter arrangements with owners or occupiers of land within the river improvement area. Many trust members, being local councillors representing areas within the river improvement area, may themselves be landowners within the area and thus parties to or directly interested in such arrangements, triggering the disqualification under s.5C(1)(e). This creates a structural conflict between the membership eligibility rules and the trust's land arrangement powers."}]}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/river-improvement-trust-act-1940","history":"/api/acts/river-improvement-trust-act-1940/history","analysis":"/api/acts/river-improvement-trust-act-1940/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/river-improvement-trust-act-1940/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/river-improvement-trust-act-1940/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/river-improvement-trust-act-1940/documents"}}