{"id":"regulations-for-the-guidance-of-surveyors-practising-under-the-transfer-of-land-act-1893","name":"Regulations for the Guidance of Surveyors Practising under the Transfer of Land Act 1893","slug":"regulations-for-the-guidance-of-surveyors-practising-under-the-transfer-of-land-act-1893","collection":"regulation","jurisdiction":"wa","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":181840,"registerId":"wa-regulations-for-the-guidance-of-surveyors-practising-under-the-transfer-of-land-act-1893-current","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-05","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"Regulations for the Guidance of Surveyors Practising under the Transfer of Land Act 1893","content":"![Crest]()Western Australia\n\nTransfer of Land Act 1893  \nLicensed Surveyors Act 1909\n\nLicensed Surveyors (Transfer of Land Act 1893) Regulations 1961\n\nWestern Australia\n\nLicensed Surveyors (Transfer of Land Act 1893) Regulations 1961\n\nContents\n\n1. Citation 1\n\n1A. Definitions 1\n\nPart I — General\n\n1B. Survey to be made by licensed surveyor 2\n\n2. Duty to the Government 2\n\n3. Duty to adjoining owners 2\n\n4. Searches prior to survey 3\n\n5. Notices and directions to be complied with 3\n\nPart II — Field notes\n\n7. Boundary sketch 4\n\n8. Contents and lodging of field records 4\n\n9. Centred and faced pegs 5\n\n10. Subdivision to be shown separately 5\n\n11. Areas of whole and parts 5\n\n12. Description and numbering 5\n\n15. Street names 6\n\nPart III — Field work\n\n18. Names of new streets 7\n\n19. Improvements along frontages 7\n\n20. Deduced measurements from offsets 7\n\n21. Verification of marks found 8\n\n22. Calculations of irregular lots 8\n\n23. Re‑defining road corners 8\n\n24. Crown surveys to be adopted 9\n\n25. Traverse lines 9\n\n26. Survey of part of location 9\n\n27. Allotment to be defined 9\n\n28. Obliteration of previous subdivision 9\n\nPart IV — Marking\n\n30. Reference marks to old corners 11\n\n31. Clearing, trenching and referencing 11\n\n32. Re‑fixing and referencing old street corners 11\n\n33. Substitute marks 11\n\n36. Pegs to have tacks in centre 12\n\n37. Faced pegs 12\n\nPart V — Drafting\n\n41. Strength of line 13\n\n43. Standard required 13\n\n48. Roads and reserves 13\n\n49. Street and road details to be shown 14\n\n51. Abbreviations 14\n\n55. Calculations from offset traverses 15\n\n59. Areas 15\n\nNotes\n\nCompilation table 17\n\nOther notes 18\n\nDefined terms\n\n  \n\nTransfer of Land Act 1893  \nLicensed Surveyors Act 1909\n\nLicensed Surveyors (Transfer of Land Act 1893) Regulations 1961\n\n##### 1. Citation\n\nThese regulations may be cited as the *Licensed Surveyors (Transfer of Land Act 1893) Regulations 1961*.\n\n[Regulation 1 inserted: Gazette 5 Aug 1983 p. 2843; amended: Gazette 4 Apr 1997 p. 1765.]\n\n##### 1A. Definitions\n\nIn these regulations unless the contrary intention appears —\n\nfield record, in relation to a survey, means the field record of the survey;\n\n  general regulations and general regulation mean the *Licensed Surveyors (Guidance of Surveyors) Regulations 1961*;\n\nInspector of Plans and Surveys means a licensed surveyor on the staff of the Western Australian Land Information Authority appointed by the Governor to approve plans of authorised surveys;\n\n  surveyor means a licensed surveyor entitled to practise under the *Transfer of Land Act 1893*;\n\n  Western Australian Land Information Authority means the Western Australian Land Information Authority established by the *Land Information Authority Act 2006* section 5.\n\n[Regulation 1A inserted: Gazette 26 Sep 1986 p. 3706; amended: Gazette 4 Apr 1997 p. 1766; 29 Dec 2006 p. 5901; SL 2021/153 r. 4.]\n\n## Part I — General\n\n##### 1B. Survey to be made by licensed surveyor\n\nEvery survey, re‑survey, or subdivision made or used for the purpose of any application or dealing in the Western Australian Land Information Authority must be made by a licensed surveyor lawfully entitled to practice under the *Transfer of Land Act 1893* (as amended), of Western Australia, and such survey or re‑survey, or subdivision, and every plan submitted to the Western Australian Land Information Authority purporting to represent the same respectively, must be made in strict accordance with the regulations.\n\n[Regulation 1B amended: Gazette 5 Aug 1983 p. 2843; 26 Sep 1986 p. 3707; 4 Apr 1997 p. 1766; 29 Dec 2006 p. 5901.]\n\n##### 2. Duty to the Government\n\nThe surveyor will be expected to disclose all doubts, discrepancies, and difficulties, and to afford all other information obtainable by him relative to the property, that may aid in securing accuracy and completeness in the certificate of title to the land.\n\nIn these matters he must consider himself rather an agent and adviser of the Government than of the person employing him, nor will a regard for the interests of such employer be considered as excusing in any degree the withholding of any information affecting the merits of the application or dealing, even though the description supplied be literally and technically correct.\n\n##### 3. Duty to adjoining owners\n\nWhenever the land applied for differs from that contained in the deeds, the survey will not be considered complete without showing (whenever practicable) that there is or is not sufficient land left to supply the quantity belonging to adjoining owners under the most liberal interpretation of their rights.\n\n##### 4. Searches prior to survey\n\n(1) A surveyor must, before making a survey of any land, obtain all available information respecting that land in the relevant bodies.\n\n(2) Every assistance will be given by the officers of the relevant bodies to enable the surveyor to refer to any certificate of title, field record, plan, diagram or other document.\n\n(3) In this regulation —\n\n  the relevant bodies means —\n\n(a) the department of the Public Service principally assisting in the administration of the *Land Administration Act 1997*; and\n\n(b) the department of the Public Service principally assisting in the administration of the *Mining Act 1978*; and\n\n(c) the Western Australian Land Information Authority.\n\n[Regulation 4 inserted: Gazette 4 Apr 1997 p. 1765; amended: Gazette 5 Sep 2000 p. 5062; 29 Dec 2006 p. 5901‑2; SL 2021/153 r. 5.]\n\n##### 5. Notices and directions to be complied with\n\nOn receipt of notice from the Inspector of Plans and Surveys to amend a survey or to supply more information than that contained in the field notes, or to report on same, the surveyor so notified must immediately comply with the notice. Every surveyor shall observe and comply with any special directions from time to time given by the Commissioner, Registrar of Titles, or Inspector of Plans and Surveys in relation to plans and surveys.\n\n## Part II — Field notes\n\n[**6.** Deleted: SL 2021/153 r. 6.]\n\n##### 7. Boundary sketch\n\nEvery field record must contain, when it is possible, a sketch of the exterior boundaries of the land to be represented on the plan or diagram to be deposited with the Western Australian Land Information Authority.\n\n[Regulation 7 amended: Gazette 26 Sep 1986 p. 3706; 4 Apr 1997 p. 176; 29 Dec 2006 p. 5902; SL 2021/153 r. 7.]\n\n##### 8. Contents and lodging of field records\n\n(1) Except as provided by regulation 55B of the general regulations and subject to subregulation (3), the field record kept in the field shall be lodged with the Western Australian Land Information Authority. It must show everything that the surveyor does or finds to exist on the ground such as angles, bearings, distances, old marks tied on to or replaced, offsets, position of fences, buildings, walls, roads, rights‑of‑way, subdivisions, etc.. If a wall is on or along the boundary its exact position and width must be defined. The words “two walls”, “party wall”, “no party wall” should be written.\n\n(2) All improvements within one metre of the boundary must be located. Field notes must show all new marks of the survey and all old ones along previously surveyed lines, also all methods of running the lines.\n\n(3) A field record relating to a survey which is an authorised survey referred to in paragraph (c) of the definition of “Authorised Survey” in section 3(1) of the Act is not required to be lodged under subregulation (1) unless regulation 8(2)(a), (b) or (c) of the general regulations applies.\n\n[Regulation 8 amended: Gazette 1 Sep 1972 p. 3410; 26 Sep 1986 p. 3706; 4 Apr 1997 p. 1765‑6; 29 Dec 2006 p. 5902; SL 2021/153 r. 8.]\n\n##### 9. Centred and faced pegs\n\nA surveyor shall show by a sketch in the field notes the position of each post and peg centre or outer edge with reference to the alignment of the boundary which it defines. (See regulation 37.)\n\n##### 10. Subdivision to be shown separately\n\nThe notes of the “surround” of each survey must be shown in the field record distinct from those of the internal subdivisional surveys.\n\n[Regulation 10 amended: SL 2021/153 r. 9.]\n\n##### 11. Areas of whole and parts\n\nThe area of the land surveyed must be written in the field notes, and if a subdivision is made the area of each allotment must be recorded.\n\n##### 12. Description and numbering\n\nThe field notes must define the land under survey as to the original number and district or town in which it is situated or as it is registered in the records of the Western Australian Land Information Authority. If the land is subdivided the number of each allotment must be written on the subdivision in the field record. Sectional or alphabetical numbering is not permitted. Consecutive numbering from one upwards must be made, and the same number must not be repeated in a location or Crown allotment except by special permission from the Inspector of Plans and Surveys. A surveyor before numbering a subdivision of a portion of a large location should ascertain if any numbers have been previously allotted in the location and if any numbers have been allotted he must begin with the next highest number.\n\nThe allotments of a re‑subdivision of a subdivisional allotment, or allotments of any land must be numbered consecutively from one upwards, unless, by doing so, lot numbers are duplicated in the section, in which case the surveyor should use numbers which will avoid duplication.\n\n[Regulation 12 amended: Gazette 26 Sep 1986 p. 3707; 4 Apr 1997 p. 1766; 29 Dec 2006 p. 5902; SL 2021/153 r. 10.]\n\n[**13, 14.** Deleted: Gazette 5 Sep 2000 p. 5062.]\n\n##### 15. Street names\n\nThe name of every public street and road adjoining the land under survey, and also the name and width of any private street, road, and lane forming part of the survey or connected therewith, must be written in the field notes.\n\n[**16.** Deleted: Gazette 1 Sep 1972 p. 3410.]\n\n## Part III — Field work\n\n[**17.** Deleted: Gazette 1 Sep 1972 p. 3410.]\n\n##### 18. Names of new streets\n\nWhen a new street which is not an extension of a named street is laid out in a municipality, suburban lot, or location, it must not be given the name of any street that has been previously surveyed in such municipality, suburban lot or location. A new street which is an extension of a named street shall bear the same name.\n\n##### 19. Improvements along frontages\n\nA surveyor when re‑marking any allotment or portion thereof abutting on any street or road where the total distance between the street or road corners does not agree with the original subdivision (whether Crown or otherwise) shall survey the section bounded by 4 streets or roads and shall locate all the improvements along the frontages at or near the corners of each allotment, provided that if a surround re‑survey has previously been made and verified and contains sufficient information, and the street or road corners have been correctly located and are in existence, it will only be necessary to align the frontage between the 2 street or road corners on which the allotment or portion of allotment abuts.\n\n##### 20. Deduced measurements from offsets\n\nThe surveyor shall, if practicable, align and measure the actual boundaries of the land under survey, but should difficulties render this impossible the offsets used and the methods observed in measuring and obtaining distances shall be recorded in the field notes. If an offset has to be used it should be set off, if possible, parallel to the boundary line.\n\n##### 21. Verification of marks found\n\nBefore any survey post, peg, spike, or other mark is adopted it must, if possible, be proved to be in the position assigned to it on a deposited plan held in the records of the Western Australian Land Information Authority, and in every instance its position must be verified from the reference tree, peg, spike, wall, or other mark, if any, and such position must be recorded in the field notes.\n\n[Regulation 21 amended: Gazette 26 Sep 1986 p. 3707; 4 Apr 1997 p. 1766; 5 Sep 2000 p. 5062; 29 Dec 2006 p. 5902.]\n\n##### 22. Calculations of irregular lots\n\nThe area of every block not being a rectangle shall be calculated by double longitudes, and the particulars of such calculations shall be supplied by the surveyor when notified by the Inspector of Plans and Surveys to do so.\n\n##### 23. Re‑defining road corners\n\n(1) A surveyor when re‑marking or re‑defining a corner of a road or a street must connect it to 2 or more reference marks situated nearby, if they can be obtained.\n\n(2) The corner mark should be renovated and replaced if at all decayed.\n\n(3) If only 2 or less reference marks exist at the corner, 2 additional reference marks are to be placed in locations safe from disturbance with azimuth and distance connections made to them.\n\n(4) If there are buildings or permanent marks within a radius of 20 m from the corner, the surveyor is to connect the corner to them by sufficient measurements to allow reliable reinstatement of the corner from those buildings or marks.\n\n[Regulation 23 inserted: Gazette 5 Sep 2000 p. 5062.]\n\n##### 24. Crown surveys to be adopted\n\nThe original alignment of every Crown survey must always be adhered to except as provided for in general regulation 23.\n\n##### 25. Traverse lines\n\nWhen an irregular boundary is defined by offsets and insets measured thereto from traverse lines, such traverse lines must form part of the geometrical figure used in computing the area, and the areas of the portions lying between the traverse lines and the boundary are to be computed from such offsets and insets.\n\n##### 26. Survey of part of location\n\nIf only a portion of a location is being dealt with the survey must be connected with at least 2 corners of the location. If the portion of land is included in or adjoins a previous survey which is shown in a deposited plan or diagram and connected to at least 2 corners of the location, then the survey need only be connected with 2 or more corners of the previous survey.\n\n##### 27. Allotment to be defined\n\nWhen a portion of any allotment situate within a municipality is being set out, the surveyor shall obtain sufficient information and record it in his field record to determine all of the original boundaries of the said allotment.\n\n[Regulation 27 amended: SL 2021/153 r. 11.]\n\n##### 28. Obliteration of previous subdivision\n\nWhen an old survey is superseded by a new survey with amended boundaries the old posts, pegs, trenches, and other marks must be removed or obliterated by the surveyor who makes the new survey. Provided if any original survey marks are removed the surveyor shall report such removal to the Inspector of Plans and Surveys.\n\n[Regulation 28 amended: Gazette 4 Apr 1997 p. 1766.]\n\n## Part IV — Marking\n\nNote:\n\nThe following regulations are to be observed in addition to the instructions set forth in the general regulations.\n\n[**29.** Deleted: Gazette 4 Apr 1997 p. 1766.]\n\nRural Lands\n\n##### 30. Reference marks to old corners\n\nIn the course of any survey when it is necessary to re‑mark or to re‑establish, or to connect to the corner of a subdivisional lot the area of which exceeds 4 hectares, or to the corner of a location which is not “referenced”, the surveyor shall reference such corner in the manner prescribed by the general regulations.\n\n[Regulation 30 amended: Gazette 1 Sep 1972 p. 3410.]\n\n##### 31. Clearing, trenching and referencing\n\nMarking, line clearing, trenching and referencing shall be as specified in the general regulations.\n\nTown and Suburban Lands\n\n##### 32. Re‑fixing and referencing old street corners\n\nWhen a re‑survey is made of any allotment or allotments, or any portion thereof, and the post, peg, spike, or other mark denoting any road or street corner of the section in which the land is situated is obliterated, the surveyor shall re‑mark the road corner or corners re‑established by him and reference same as is provided by the general regulations.\n\n##### 33. Substitute marks\n\nIf a peg cannot be put in, an iron spike not less than 0.4 metres in length and not less than 0.010 metres in diameter shall be used instead of a peg. If a peg or spike cannot be placed in position a broad arrow must be cut into the obstruction. A wall should be marked in preference to a footpath.\n\n[Regulation 33 amended: Gazette 1 Sep 1972 p. 3410.]\n\n[**34.** Deleted: Gazette 1 Sep 1972 p. 3410.]\n\n[**35.** Deleted: Gazette 5 Sep 2000 p. 5062.]\n\n##### 36. Pegs to have tacks in centre\n\nA tack shall be driven into the centre of the top of each peg and it shall be placed in the true alignment of a street, road, lane, or right‑of‑way. (See general regulation 49.)\n\n##### 37. Faced pegs\n\nSurveyors must be particularly careful not to alter the alignment of previous surveys where the outer faces of pegs are on the true alignment. (See general regulation 9.)\n\n## Part V — Drafting\n\n[**38, 39.** Deleted: Gazette 5 Sep 2000 p. 5062.]\n\n[**40.** Deleted: Gazette 11 Sep 1992 p. 4607.]\n\n##### 41. Strength of line\n\nAll work must be of sufficient strength to bear photographic reproduction by microfilm methods and must be drawn in a recognized water proof ink.\n\n[Regulation 41 amended: Gazette 27 Aug 1969 p. 2475.]\n\n[**42.** Deleted: Gazette 11 Sep 1992 p. 4607.]\n\n##### 43. Standard required\n\nShould plans or diagrams be below the Western Australian Land Information Authority’s standard in plotting or draftsmanship, they may be rejected.\n\n[Regulation 43 amended: Gazette 29 Dec 2006 p. 5903.]\n\n[**44.** Deleted: Gazette 5 Sep 2000 p. 5062.]\n\n[**45.** Deleted: Gazette 11 Sep 1992 p. 4607.]\n\n[**46.** Deleted: Gazette 5 Sep 2000 p. 5062.]\n\n[**47.** Deleted: Gazette 11 Sep 1992 p. 4607.]\n\n##### 48. Roads and reserves\n\nEvery plan and diagram shall exhibit distinctly delineated all roads, streets, passages, thoroughfares, squares, or reserves appropriated or set apart for the use of the purchasers, and all permanent drains and also all allotments into which the said land has been divided with their distinctive numbers, areas and dimensions.\n\n##### 49. Street and road details to be shown\n\nThe name of each public street or road adjoining the land under survey, and the name and width of each private street or road forming a part of the land under survey, must be written on the plan or diagram.\n\nThe width of the public street, road, or way is not to be shown unless it has been accurately measured in the course of the survey.\n\n[**50.** Deleted: Gazette 11 Sep 1992 p. 4607.]\n\n##### 51. Abbreviations\n\n(1) All posts, pegs and intermediate spikes shall be shown on plans and diagrams as circles and any variation from a standard centred mark shall be described by an annotation.\n\n(2) All old posts, pegs or intermediate spikes of Crown surveys shall be shown —\n\n(a) if found and recorded in the field notes, as “O.M.”;\n\n(b) if renewed (whether during a Crown survey or a freehold survey), as “O.M.R.”;\n\n(c) if adjusted, as “O.M.adj.”;\n\n(d) if gone, as “O.M.G.”; or\n\n(e) if gone and replaced by a new post, peg or spike (whether during a Crown survey or a freehold survey), as “O.M.G.R.”.\n\n(3) All old posts, pegs or intermediate spikes of freehold surveys shall be shown —\n\n(a) if found and recorded in the field notes, as “M.F.”;\n\n(b) if renewed (whether during a freehold survey or a Crown survey), as “M.F.R.”;\n\n(c) if adjusted, as “M.F.adj.”;\n\n(d) if gone, as “M.G.”; or\n\n(e) if gone and replaced by a new post, peg or spike (whether during a freehold survey or a Crown survey), as “M.G.R.”.\n\n(4) In this regulation —\n\ngone, in relation to a post, peg or intermediate spike, means not in evidence after a competent search is conducted.\n\n[Regulation 51 inserted: Gazette 5 Sep 2000 p. 5062‑3.]\n\n[**52-54.** Deleted: Gazette 11 Sep 1992 p. 4607.]\n\n##### 55. Calculations from offset traverses\n\n(a) Where a boundary has been pegged by offsets from a run line and the offset distances are 4 metres or greater, any distance along that boundary shall be shown as calculated (cal.).\n\n(b) Where the offset distances are less than 4 metres then the true boundary shall be treated as the run line and the angles as true angles, not calculated.\n\n[Regulation 55 amended: Gazette 1 Sep 1972 p. 3410.]\n\n[**56-58.** Deleted: Gazette 11 Sep 1992 p. 4607.]\n\n##### 59. Areas\n\nAreas on all plans and diagrams are to be shown thus —\n\n(a) for areas less than 10 000 square metres, in square metres to the nearest square metre, e.g., 9475 m2;\n\n(b) for areas of 10 000 square metres and greater, in hectares to 4 decimal places of a hectare, e.g., 9.4753 ha;\n\n(c) “0” will not be shown as the last character of an area to the right of the decimal marker, e.g., 6.4500 hectares will be expressed as 6.45 ha. 8.1000 hectares will be expressed as 8.1 ha.\n\n[Regulation 59 inserted: Gazette 1 Sep 1972 p. 3410.]\n\n[**60.** Deleted: Gazette 11 Sep 1992 p. 4607.]\n\n[**61, 62.** Deleted: Gazette 5 Sep 2000 p. 5063.]\n\n[Part VI omitted under the Reprints Act 1984 s. 7(4)(f) and (g).]\n\n![]()\n\nNotes\n\nThis is a compilation of the *Licensed Surveyors (Transfer of Land Act 1893) Regulations 1961* and includes amendments made by other written laws. For provisions that have come into operation, and for information about any reprints, see the compilation table.\n\nCompilation table\n\n| **Citation** | **Published** | **Commencement** |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Untitled 1 | 28 Nov 1961 p. 3289‑95 | 1 Jan 1962 |\n|  | 27 Aug 1969 p. 2475 | 27 Aug 1969 |\n|  | 16 Jun 1970 p. 1667 | 16 Jun 1970 |\n| **Reprint of the *Regulations for the Guidance of Surveyors Practising under* *the Transfer of Land Act 1893* as at 22 Feb 1971** (see *Gazette* 4 Mar 1971 p. 627-35) (includes amendments listed above) | | |\n|  | 1 Sep 1972 p. 3410 | 1 Sep 1972 |\n| *Licensed Surveyors (Transfer of Land Act 1893) Amendment Regulations 1983* | 5 Aug 1983 p. 2843 | 5 Aug 1983 |\n| **Reprint of the *Licensed Surveyors (Transfer of Land Act 1893) Regulations* as at 3 Feb 1986** (see *Gazette* 11 Feb 1986 p. 479-92) (includes amendments listed above) | | |\n| *Licensed Surveyors (Transfer of Land Act 1893) Amendment Regulations 1986* | 26 Sep 1986 p. 3706‑7 | 19 Jan 1987 (see r. 2 and *Gazette* 31 Dec 1986 p. 5027) |\n| *Licensed Surveyors (Transfer of Land Act 1893) Amendment Regulations 1992* | 11 Sep 1992 p. 4607 | 11 Sep 1992 |\n| *Licensed Surveyors Amendment Regulations 1997* Pt. 4 | 4 Apr 1997 p. 1757‑67 | 5 Apr 1997 (see r. 2 and *Gazette* 4 Apr 1997 p. 1750) |\n| *Licensed Surveyors (Transfer of Land Act 1893) Amendment Regulations 2000* | 5 Sep 2000 p. 5061‑3 | 5 Sep 2000 |\n| **Reprint of the *Licensed Surveyors (Transfer of Land Act 1893) Regulations 1961* as at 15 Feb 2002** (includes amendments listed above) | | |\n| *Licensed Surveyors (Transfer of Land Act 1893) Amendment Regulations 2006* | 29 Dec 2006 p. 5900‑3 | 1 Jan 2007 (see r. 2 and *Gazette* 8 Dec 2006 p. 5369) |\n| *Licensed Surveyors (Transfer of Land Act 1893) Amendment Regulations 2021* | SL 2021/153 31 Aug 2021 | r. 1 and 2: 31 Aug 2021 (see r. 2(a));   Regulations other than r. 1 and 2: 1 Sep 2021 (see r. 2(b)) |\n\n\nOther notes\n\n1 Now known as the *Licensed Surveyors (Transfer of Land Act 1893) Regulations 1961* (see note under r. 1).\n\nDefined terms\n\n*[This is a list of terms defined and the provisions where they are defined. The list is not part of the law.]*\n\n**Defined term Provision(s)**\n\nfield record 1A\n\ngeneral regulation 1A\n\ngeneral regulations 1A\n\ngone 51(4)\n\nInspector of Plans and Surveys 1A\n\nsurveyor 1A\n\nthe relevant bodies 4(3)\n\nWestern Australian Land Information Authority 1A\n","sortOrder":0}],"analysis":{"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":5,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"The core scope — prescribing technical standards and administrative procedures for licensed surveyors operating under the Transfer of Land Act 1893 in WA — remains unchanged. Amendments have modernised definitions, delegated inspection roles to the Western Australian Land Information Authority, removed obsolete provisions and adjusted drafting/measurement rules, but did not expand or narrow the fundamental regulatory subject matter."},"complexity_factors":["Technical specificity: detailed operational requirements for field work, marking and drafting increase technical complexity (regs 7–12, 23, 36–37, 41, 48–51, 55, 59).","Cross‑references: frequent reliance on the general regulations and other Acts creates layered obligations (regs 1A, 4, 24).","Administrative discretion: multiple officials (Inspector of Plans and Surveys, Commissioner, Registrar) can request amendments or give directions, creating procedural uncertainty (regs 5, 1A).","Recordkeeping and lodging obligations: mandatory field records and plan standards impose ongoing compliance costs and potential rework (regs 8, 41, 43).","Precision and measurement rules: prescriptions on offsets, traverses, area calculation and numbering constrain survey methods and impose verification burdens (regs 20–22, 25, 55, 59).","Amendments and deletions: numerous historical amendments and removed provisions require attention to current text versus earlier practice (compilation table, notes)."],"plain_english_summary":"These regulations set the technical rules that licensed surveyors in Western Australia must follow when preparing surveys, re‑surveys and subdivisions for the Transfer of Land Act 1893. They require specific field records, marking and referencing of corners, measurement and drafting standards, and submission and amendment of plans to the Western Australian Land Information Authority. Who pays and who decides: surveyors (and their clients) bear the compliance costs; the Inspector of Plans and Surveys, Commissioner and Registrar approve, inspect and direct amendments (see regs 1B, 5, 8, 21, 43)."},"issue_detection":{"absurdities":[],"contradictions":[]},"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"A positive credit balance is required for all requests, including BYOK, so fallback providers remain available. Add credits at https://vercel.com/d?to=%2F%5Bteam%5D%2F%7E%2Fai%3Fmodal%3Dtop-up to continue.","source":"analysis-cron"},"summary":{"complexity_score":1,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"No scope assessment is possible. The page returned is a system error/redirect notice, not legislative content. There is no original intent or amended scope that can be evaluated from the material provided."},"complexity_factors":["No legislative content was available to analyse — the source URL returned an error page rather than actual legislation","Complexity cannot meaningfully be assessed without access to the underlying text"],"plain_english_summary":"**No legislation could be analysed.**\n\nThe link provided does not lead to any actual legislation. Instead, it returns a **404-style error page** from the Western Australian legislation website, indicating that the page for the *Regulations for the Guidance of Surveyors Practising under the Transfer of Land Act 1893* is **no longer available** at that web address.\n\nWhat this means for you:\n- The regulations themselves could not be retrieved or reviewed.\n- If you need to access these regulations, you should visit the [Western Australian legislation website](https://www.legislation.wa.gov.au) directly and search using the menu, or contact the Parliamentary Counsel's Office Helpdesk as suggested on the error page.\n- These regulations, when accessible, would historically have governed how licensed surveyors must conduct land surveys under Western Australia's property title registration system — affecting surveyors, landowners, and conveyancers (people who handle property transfers)."},"kimi_summary":{"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":4,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"The legislation remains focused on its original purpose of providing technical guidance for licensed surveyors conducting work under the Transfer of Land Act 1893. While it has been updated over 60 years to reflect new technologies (microfilm reproduction, metric measurements) and administrative changes (new government agencies), it has not expanded beyond its core function of regulating surveying practice standards."},"complexity_factors":["Moderate cross-referencing to 'general regulations' (Licensed Surveyors (Guidance of Surveyors) Regulations 1961) which are not reproduced in this document","8 defined terms in interpretation section, including circular definition of 'field record'","Numerous deleted regulations (13 regulations deleted over time) creating gaps in numbering sequence (1, 1A, 1B, then jumping to 7, 8, 9, etc.)","Conditional exceptions in regulations 8(3), 19, 26, and 28 with 'provided that' clauses","Technical surveying terminology requiring domain knowledge (e.g., 'offsets', 'traverse lines', 'azimuth', 'double longitudes')","Dual classification system for marks (Crown vs freehold surveys) with 10 different abbreviation codes in regulation 51","Amendment history spanning 60 years (1961-2021) with multiple reprints, creating layered textual history"],"plain_english_summary":"These regulations set out the technical rules and professional standards that licensed surveyors must follow when surveying land in Western Australia under the Transfer of Land Act 1893.\n\n**Who it affects:**\n- **Licensed surveyors** – anyone legally authorised to conduct land surveys for property dealings in WA\n- **Landowners and developers** – anyone subdividing land or dealing with property boundaries\n- **The Western Australian Land Information Authority** (formerly Landgate) – the government body that receives and checks survey plans\n\n**What it does:**\nThe regulations cover five main areas:\n\n1. **General duties** – Surveyors must act honestly and disclose any problems they find, even if it hurts their client's interests. They must search government records before surveying and follow directions from the Inspector of Plans and Surveys.\n\n2. **Field notes** – Surveyors must keep detailed written records (field records) showing exactly what they measured, found, and marked on the ground. These must include sketches, boundary descriptions, street names, and consecutive lot numbering.\n\n3. **Field work** – Rules for how surveys are conducted, including:\n   - Verifying old survey marks before using them\n   - Connecting new surveys to existing corners or previous surveys\n   - Calculating areas of irregular blocks\n   - Removing old marks when boundaries change\n   - Naming new streets and avoiding duplicate names\n\n4. **Marking** – Technical specifications for physical markers (pegs, spikes, tacks) placed on boundaries, including how to reference corners so they can be found again later.\n\n5. **Drafting** – Standards for drawing survey plans, including line strength, abbreviations for old marks (like \"O.M.\" for old mark found, \"M.G.\" for mark gone), and how to display areas (square metres for small lots, hectares for large ones).\n\n**Why it matters:**\nThese rules ensure land boundaries are recorded accurately and consistently, preventing disputes between neighbours and ensuring the integrity of WA's land titles system. Without these standards, property boundaries could be unclear, leading to legal fights over fences, access, and ownership."}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/regulations-for-the-guidance-of-surveyors-practising-under-the-transfer-of-land-act-1893","history":"/api/acts/regulations-for-the-guidance-of-surveyors-practising-under-the-transfer-of-land-act-1893/history","analysis":"/api/acts/regulations-for-the-guidance-of-surveyors-practising-under-the-transfer-of-land-act-1893/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/regulations-for-the-guidance-of-surveyors-practising-under-the-transfer-of-land-act-1893/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/regulations-for-the-guidance-of-surveyors-practising-under-the-transfer-of-land-act-1893/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/regulations-for-the-guidance-of-surveyors-practising-under-the-transfer-of-land-act-1893/documents"}}