{"id":"F2018L01800","name":"Part 149 (Approved Self-administering Aviation Organisations) Manual of Standards 2018","slug":"part-149-approved-self-administering-aviation-organisations-manual-of-standards-2018","collection":"legislative_instrument","jurisdiction":"commonwealth","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":98440,"registerId":"commonwealth-F2018L01800-current","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-02","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"Chapter 1—Preliminary","sectionType":"part","heading":"Chapter 1—Preliminary","content":"## Chapter 1—Preliminary\n\n#### 1 Name\n\n (1) This instrument is the Part 149 (Approved Self-administering Aviation Organisations) Manual of Standards 2018.\n (2) This instrument may be cited as the Part 149 Manual of Standards.\n\n#### 3 Authority\n\n This instrument is made under the Civil Aviation Safety Regulations 1998.\n\n> Note: CASA may issue a Manual of Standards for Part 149 (Approved self-administering aviation organisations) — see regulation 149.010 of CASR.\n\n#### 4 Scope of Manual of Standards\n\n (1) This instrument sets out requirements to be met by an applicant for an approved self-administering aviation organisation (ASAO) certificate under Part 149 of CASR to perform an aviation administration function.\n (2) This instrument also sets out matters relating to:\n (a) aviation administration functions for ASAOs; and\n (b) the key personnel of an ASAO; and\n (c) the requirements of an ASAO’s safety management system; and\n (d) the requirements of an ASAO’s audit and surveillance system; and\n (e) the content of an ASAO’s exposition.\n\n#### 5 Definitions\n\n> Note: A number of expressions used in this instrument are defined in the Dictionary at the end of the Civil Aviation Safety Regulations 1998, including the following:\n\n (a) accountable manager (of an ASAO);\n (b) approved function (of an ASAO);\n (c) ASAO;\n (d) ASAO certificate;\n (e) aviation administration and enforcement rules;\n (f) aviation administration function;\n (g) balloon;\n (h) CASR;\n (i) certificate of airworthiness;\n (j) hang glider;\n (k) glider;\n (l) gyroglider;\n (m) gyroplane;\n (n) key personnel (of an ASAO);\n (o) national aviation authority;\n (p) paraglider;\n (q) parasail;\n (qa) personnel (of an ASAO);","sortOrder":0},{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"Name","content":"#### 1 Name\n\n (1) This instrument is the Part 149 (Approved Self-administering Aviation Organisations) Manual of Standards 2018.\n (2) This instrument may be cited as the Part 149 Manual of Standards.","sortOrder":1},{"sectionNumber":"3","sectionType":"section","heading":"Authority","content":"#### 3 Authority\n\n This instrument is made under the Civil Aviation Safety Regulations 1998.\n\n> Note: CASA may issue a Manual of Standards for Part 149 (Approved self-administering aviation organisations) — see regulation 149.010 of CASR.","sortOrder":2},{"sectionNumber":"4","sectionType":"section","heading":"Scope of Manual of Standards","content":"#### 4 Scope of Manual of Standards\n\n (1) This instrument sets out requirements to be met by an applicant for an approved self-administering aviation organisation (ASAO) certificate under Part 149 of CASR to perform an aviation administration function.\n (2) This instrument also sets out matters relating to:\n (a) aviation administration functions for ASAOs; and\n (b) the key personnel of an ASAO; and\n (c) the requirements of an ASAO’s safety management system; and\n (d) the requirements of an ASAO’s audit and surveillance system; and\n (e) the content of an ASAO’s exposition.","sortOrder":3},{"sectionNumber":"5","sectionType":"section","heading":"Definitions","content":"#### 5 Definitions\n\n> Note: A number of expressions used in this instrument are defined in the Dictionary at the end of the Civil Aviation Safety Regulations 1998, including the following:\n\n (a) accountable manager (of an ASAO);\n (b) approved function (of an ASAO);\n (c) ASAO;\n (d) ASAO certificate;\n (e) aviation administration and enforcement rules;\n (f) aviation administration function;\n (g) balloon;\n (h) CASR;\n (i) certificate of airworthiness;\n (j) hang glider;\n (k) glider;\n (l) gyroglider;\n (m) gyroplane;\n (n) key personnel (of an ASAO);\n (o) national aviation authority;\n (p) paraglider;\n (q) parasail;\n (qa) personnel (of an ASAO);","sortOrder":4},{"sectionNumber":"Chapter 2—Aviation administration functi","sectionType":"part","heading":"Chapter 2—Aviation administration functions","content":"## Chapter 2—Aviation administration functions\n\n### Division 1—General\n\n#### 6 Prescribed aviation administration functions\n\n This \n Chapter\n :\n (a) is made for the purposes of paragraph (b) of the definition of aviation administration function in Part 1 of the Dictionary to CASR; and\n (b) prescribes aviation administration functions that an ASAO may be authorised to perform under regulation 149.075 of CASR.\n\n> Note: Exercising ASAO enforcement powers is also an aviation administration function. See paragraph (a) of the definition of aviation administration function in Part 1 of the Dictionary to CASR.","sortOrder":5},{"sectionNumber":"Division 1","sectionType":"division","heading":"General","content":"## Chapter 2—Aviation administration functions\n\n### Division 1—General\n\n#### 6 Prescribed aviation administration functions\n\n This \n Chapter\n :\n (a) is made for the purposes of paragraph (b) of the definition of aviation administration function in Part 1 of the Dictionary to CASR; and\n (b) prescribes aviation administration functions that an ASAO may be authorised to perform under regulation 149.075 of CASR.\n\n> Note: Exercising ASAO enforcement powers is also an aviation administration function. See paragraph (a) of the definition of aviation administration function in Part 1 of the Dictionary to CASR.","sortOrder":6},{"sectionNumber":"6","sectionType":"section","heading":"Prescribed aviation administration functions","content":"#### 6 Prescribed aviation administration functions\n\n This \n Chapter\n :\n (a) is made for the purposes of paragraph (b) of the definition of aviation administration function in Part 1 of the Dictionary to CASR; and\n (b) prescribes aviation administration functions that an ASAO may be authorised to perform under regulation 149.075 of CASR.\n\n> Note: Exercising ASAO enforcement powers is also an aviation administration function. See paragraph (a) of the definition of aviation administration function in Part 1 of the Dictionary to CASR.","sortOrder":7},{"sectionNumber":"Division 2","sectionType":"division","heading":"Aviation administration functions for sport and recreational aircraft","content":"### Division 2—Aviation administration functions for sport and recreational aircraft\n\n#### Subdivision A—Preliminary definitions and application\n\n#### 7 Part 149 aircraft—sailplanes, powered parachutes, gyrogliders, hang gliders and paragliders etc.\n\n (1) An aircraft is a Part 149 aircraft if:\n (a) it is an aircraft to which subsection (2) applies; and\n (b) none of Parts 132, 133, 135 or 137 of CASR applies to the operation of the aircraft.\n (2) This subsection applies to:\n (a) a sailplane; and\n (b) a touring motor glider that:\n (i) is not registered; or\n (ii) is registered, but subregulation 103.005(2A) of CASR does not apply in relation to the operation of the aircraft; and\n (c) an aircraft that is not registered and is one of the following:\n (i) a powered parachute;\n (ii) a gyroglider;\n (iii) a hang glider or powered hang glider;\n (iv) a paraglider or powered paraglider.\n\n> Note: The aircraft covered by section 7 are defined as Part 103 aircraft under regulation 103.005 of CASR: see subparagraphs 103.005(4)(b)(i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (iva) and subregulation 103.005(5). At the time of the commencement of this section, the aircraft are (in most cases) the subject of one of the Civil Aviation Orders mentioned below, enabling a transitional scheme under which aircraft that are administered by a sport aviation body and are operated in accordance with the relevant Civil Aviation Order are exempt from certain provisions of CAR and CASR (including Part 103):\n\n (a) Civil Aviation Order 95.4 (Exemptions from CAR and CASR — Sailplanes and Towing Aircraft) Instrument 2021; and\n (b) Civil Aviation Order 95.8 (Exemptions from CAR and CASR — Hang Gliders and Paragliders) Instrument 2021; and\n (e) to the extent that it relates to powered parachutes, Civil Aviation Order 95.32 (Exemptions from CAR and CASR — Powered Parachutes and Weight‑shift‑controlled Aeroplanes) Instrument 2021.\n\n#### 8 Part 149 aircraft—microlight aeroplanes\n\n A microlight aeroplane is a Part 149 aircraft if it is:\n (a) listed with a sport aviation body; and\n (b) operated for a purpose mentioned in Civil Aviation Order 95.10.","sortOrder":8},{"sectionNumber":"Subdivision A","sectionType":"subdivision","heading":"Preliminary definitions and application","content":"### Division 2—Aviation administration functions for sport and recreational aircraft\n\n#### Subdivision A—Preliminary definitions and application\n\n#### 7 Part 149 aircraft—sailplanes, powered parachutes, gyrogliders, hang gliders and paragliders etc.\n\n (1) An aircraft is a Part 149 aircraft if:\n (a) it is an aircraft to which subsection (2) applies; and\n (b) none of Parts 132, 133, 135 or 137 of CASR applies to the operation of the aircraft.\n (2) This subsection applies to:\n (a) a sailplane; and\n (b) a touring motor glider that:\n (i) is not registered; or\n (ii) is registered, but subregulation 103.005(2A) of CASR does not apply in relation to the operation of the aircraft; and\n (c) an aircraft that is not registered and is one of the following:\n (i) a powered parachute;\n (ii) a gyroglider;\n (iii) a hang glider or powered hang glider;\n (iv) a paraglider or powered paraglider.\n\n> Note: The aircraft covered by section 7 are defined as Part 103 aircraft under regulation 103.005 of CASR: see subparagraphs 103.005(4)(b)(i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (iva) and subregulation 103.005(5). At the time of the commencement of this section, the aircraft are (in most cases) the subject of one of the Civil Aviation Orders mentioned below, enabling a transitional scheme under which aircraft that are administered by a sport aviation body and are operated in accordance with the relevant Civil Aviation Order are exempt from certain provisions of CAR and CASR (including Part 103):\n\n (a) Civil Aviation Order 95.4 (Exemptions from CAR and CASR — Sailplanes and Towing Aircraft) Instrument 2021; and\n (b) Civil Aviation Order 95.8 (Exemptions from CAR and CASR — Hang Gliders and Paragliders) Instrument 2021; and\n (e) to the extent that it relates to powered parachutes, Civil Aviation Order 95.32 (Exemptions from CAR and CASR — Powered Parachutes and Weight‑shift‑controlled Aeroplanes) Instrument 2021.\n\n#### 8 Part 149 aircraft—microlight aeroplanes\n\n A microlight aeroplane is a Part 149 aircraft if it is:\n (a) listed with a sport aviation body; and\n (b) operated for a purpose mentioned in Civil Aviation Order 95.10.","sortOrder":9},{"sectionNumber":"7","sectionType":"section","heading":"Part 149 aircraft—sailplanes, powered parachutes, gyrogliders, hang gliders and paragliders etc.","content":"#### 7 Part 149 aircraft—sailplanes, powered parachutes, gyrogliders, hang gliders and paragliders etc.\n\n (1) An aircraft is a Part 149 aircraft if:\n (a) it is an aircraft to which subsection (2) applies; and\n (b) none of Parts 132, 133, 135 or 137 of CASR applies to the operation of the aircraft.\n (2) This subsection applies to:\n (a) a sailplane; and\n (b) a touring motor glider that:\n (i) is not registered; or\n (ii) is registered, but subregulation 103.005(2A) of CASR does not apply in relation to the operation of the aircraft; and\n (c) an aircraft that is not registered and is one of the following:\n (i) a powered parachute;\n (ii) a gyroglider;\n (iii) a hang glider or powered hang glider;\n (iv) a paraglider or powered paraglider.\n\n> Note: The aircraft covered by section 7 are defined as Part 103 aircraft under regulation 103.005 of CASR: see subparagraphs 103.005(4)(b)(i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (iva) and subregulation 103.005(5). At the time of the commencement of this section, the aircraft are (in most cases) the subject of one of the Civil Aviation Orders mentioned below, enabling a transitional scheme under which aircraft that are administered by a sport aviation body and are operated in accordance with the relevant Civil Aviation Order are exempt from certain provisions of CAR and CASR (including Part 103):\n\n (a) Civil Aviation Order 95.4 (Exemptions from CAR and CASR — Sailplanes and Towing Aircraft) Instrument 2021; and\n (b) Civil Aviation Order 95.8 (Exemptions from CAR and CASR — Hang Gliders and Paragliders) Instrument 2021; and\n (e) to the extent that it relates to powered parachutes, Civil Aviation Order 95.32 (Exemptions from CAR and CASR — Powered Parachutes and Weight‑shift‑controlled Aeroplanes) Instrument 2021.","sortOrder":10},{"sectionNumber":"8","sectionType":"section","heading":"Part 149 aircraft—microlight aeroplanes","content":"#### 8 Part 149 aircraft—microlight aeroplanes\n\n A microlight aeroplane is a Part 149 aircraft if it is:\n (a) listed with a sport aviation body; and\n (b) operated for a purpose mentioned in Civil Aviation Order 95.10.","sortOrder":11},{"sectionNumber":"9","sectionType":"section","heading":"Part 149 aircraft—weight-shift-controlled aeroplanes","content":"#### 9 Part 149 aircraft—weight-shift-controlled aeroplanes\n\n An aircraft that is a single-place or two-place weight-shift-controlled aeroplane is a Part 149 aircraft if:\n (a) Civil Aviation Order 95.32 applies to the aeroplane; and\n (b) it is operated for a purpose mentioned in the Civil Aviation Order.","sortOrder":12},{"sectionNumber":"10","sectionType":"section","heading":"Part 149 aircraft—ultralight aeroplanes, LSA aeroplanes and lightweight aeroplanes","content":"#### 10 Part 149 aircraft—ultralight aeroplanes, LSA aeroplanes and lightweight aeroplanes\n\n (1) This section applies to the following aeroplanes:\n (a) light sport aircraft (experimental);\n (b) light sport aircraft (production);\n (c) lightweight aeroplanes;\n (d) ultralight aeroplanes.\n (2) An aeroplane mentioned in subsection (1) is a Part 149 aircraft if:\n (a) Civil Aviation Order 95.55 applies to the aeroplane; and\n (b) it is operated for a purpose mentioned in the Civil Aviation Order.","sortOrder":13},{"sectionNumber":"11","sectionType":"section","heading":"Part 149 aircraft—manned balloons and hot air airships","content":"#### 11 Part 149 aircraft—manned balloons and hot air airships\n\n A Part 131 aircraft is a Part 149 aircraft if it is operated for the purposes of a Part 131 recreational activity.\n\n> Note: Such an activity includes a specialised balloon operation that is not conducted for hire or reward.","sortOrder":14},{"sectionNumber":"12","sectionType":"section","heading":"Part 149 aircraft—gyroplanes","content":"#### 12 Part 149 aircraft—gyroplanes\n\n (1) A gyroplane is a Part 149 aircraft if:\n (a) Civil Aviation Order 95.12, or Civil Aviation Order 95.12.1, applies to the gyroplane; and\n (b) it is operated for a purpose mentioned in the Civil Aviation Order that applies to the gyroplane.","sortOrder":15},{"sectionNumber":"13","sectionType":"section","heading":"Application—manned balloons or hot air airships","content":"#### 13 Application—manned balloons or hot air airships\n\n Sections 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18 do not apply to an aircraft mentioned in section 11.","sortOrder":16},{"sectionNumber":"Subdivision B","sectionType":"subdivision","heading":"Aviation administration functions in relation to Part 149 aircraft","content":"#### Subdivision B—Aviation administration functions in relation to Part 149 aircraft\n\n#### 14 ASAO registration of certain aircraft\n\n It is an aviation administration function to administer a Part 149 aircraft by establishing and maintaining a register (an ASAO register) of aircraft that contains sufficient information to enable the identification of any aircraft on the register, the aircraft’s owner and the aircraft’s operator, including the following information:\n (a) a description of the aircraft, including the manufacturer and the model;\n (b) the aircraft’s construction number or serial number (if any);\n (c) the unique identifier issued by the ASAO in respect of the aircraft;\n (d) the name and address of the owner of the aircraft;\n (e) the name and address of the operator of the aircraft.\n\n#### 15 Airworthiness standards and assessments etc.\n\n Setting standards\n (1) It is an aviation administration function to administer a Part 149 aircraft by setting design, manufacturing and maintenance standards (airworthiness standards) for the aircraft, including in relation to aircraft, aircraft engines, propellers, rotor systems, materials, parts, processes, and appliances.\n\n> Note: Under the function, an ASAO may set a standard for a Part 149 aircraft if the legislation does not otherwise provide for standards for that aircraft under CAR or CASR.\n\n Conducting airworthiness assessments etc.\n (2) It is an aviation administration function to administer a Part 149 aircraft by assessing whether an aircraft design meets an airworthiness standard the ASAO has set for the aircraft under the function in subsection (1).\n Determining whether aircraft is a Part 149 aircraft\n (4) Subsection (5) applies if an ASAO has an approved function mentioned in section 14 or 19 to administer a Part 149 aircraft.\n (5) It is an aviation administration function for the ASAO to verify whether an aircraft meets a description and any requirements that are applicable to the Part 149 aircraft the ASAO administers, under:\n (a) Subdivision A of this Division (that defines certain aircraft to be Part 149 aircraft); or\n (b) any other provision in this instrument or the civil aviation legislation that requires verification to be made regarding a description or requirement that characterises the aircraft as a Part 149 aircraft.","sortOrder":17},{"sectionNumber":"14","sectionType":"section","heading":"ASAO registration of certain aircraft","content":"#### 14 ASAO registration of certain aircraft\n\n It is an aviation administration function to administer a Part 149 aircraft by establishing and maintaining a register (an ASAO register) of aircraft that contains sufficient information to enable the identification of any aircraft on the register, the aircraft’s owner and the aircraft’s operator, including the following information:\n (a) a description of the aircraft, including the manufacturer and the model;\n (b) the aircraft’s construction number or serial number (if any);\n (c) the unique identifier issued by the ASAO in respect of the aircraft;\n (d) the name and address of the owner of the aircraft;\n (e) the name and address of the operator of the aircraft.","sortOrder":18},{"sectionNumber":"15","sectionType":"section","heading":"Airworthiness standards and assessments etc.","content":"#### 15 Airworthiness standards and assessments etc.\n\n Setting standards\n (1) It is an aviation administration function to administer a Part 149 aircraft by setting design, manufacturing and maintenance standards (airworthiness standards) for the aircraft, including in relation to aircraft, aircraft engines, propellers, rotor systems, materials, parts, processes, and appliances.\n\n> Note: Under the function, an ASAO may set a standard for a Part 149 aircraft if the legislation does not otherwise provide for standards for that aircraft under CAR or CASR.\n\n Conducting airworthiness assessments etc.\n (2) It is an aviation administration function to administer a Part 149 aircraft by assessing whether an aircraft design meets an airworthiness standard the ASAO has set for the aircraft under the function in subsection (1).\n Determining whether aircraft is a Part 149 aircraft\n (4) Subsection (5) applies if an ASAO has an approved function mentioned in section 14 or 19 to administer a Part 149 aircraft.\n (5) It is an aviation administration function for the ASAO to verify whether an aircraft meets a description and any requirements that are applicable to the Part 149 aircraft the ASAO administers, under:\n (a) Subdivision A of this Division (that defines certain aircraft to be Part 149 aircraft); or\n (b) any other provision in this instrument or the civil aviation legislation that requires verification to be made regarding a description or requirement that characterises the aircraft as a Part 149 aircraft.","sortOrder":19},{"sectionNumber":"16","sectionType":"section","heading":"Airworthiness activities","content":"#### 16 Airworthiness activities\n\n Function\n (1) It is an aviation administration function to administer an airworthiness activity mentioned in subsection (3) in relation to a Part 149 aircraft, including issuing an authorisation to an individual to carry out an airworthiness activity.\n (2) The function includes the following:\n (a) developing competency standards and units of competency (however described) for Part 149 airworthiness training that must be completed by a candidate for the issue of an authorisation to undertake an airworthiness activity;\n (b) approving modifications of the aircraft and repairs;\n (c) approving procedures for weight control of the aircraft;\n (d) developing a scheme for the issue of special flight permits to permit the aircraft to be flown in particular circumstances when it does not meet the applicable airworthiness standards;\n (e) developing requirements for the keeping of airworthiness records in relation to the aircraft.\n\n> Note: See section 5 for the definition of weight control.\n\n Activities administered\n (3) For subsection (1), the airworthiness activities are as follows:\n (a) carrying out maintenance on the aircraft;\n (b) carrying out maintenance on an aeronautical product for the aircraft;\n (c) conducting procedures for weight control of the aircraft;\n (d) flight of the aircraft under a special flight permit;\n (e) any other activity concerning the airworthiness of the aircraft.\n (4) Airworthiness activities mentioned in subsection (3) include airworthiness activities that may be performed by individuals:\n (a) without remuneration; or\n (b) on behalf of an airworthiness organisation approved by the ASAO under the function in section 17.\n Authorisations\n (5) Authorisations to carry out an airworthiness activity include any of the following:\n (a) an authorisation to an individual to carry out maintenance on the aircraft;\n\n(b) an authorisation to an individual to carry out maintenance on an aeronautical product for the aircraft;\n\n (c) an authorisation to an individual to conduct procedures for weight control of the aircraft;\n (d) an authorisation to an individual to conduct a flight under a special flight permit.","sortOrder":20},{"sectionNumber":"17","sectionType":"section","heading":"Part 149 airworthiness organisations","content":"#### 17 Part 149 airworthiness organisations\n\n (1) It is an aviation administration function to administer a person that provides airworthiness services in relation to a Part 149 aircraft (an airworthiness organisation).\n\n> Note: “Person” includes a natural or corporate person — see section 12C of the Acts Interpretation Act 1901.\n\n (2) The function includes:\n (a) assessing a person’s organisation and its procedures, practices, personnel and facilities to determine whether the person is capable of providing airworthiness services in relation to the aircraft; and\n (b) if satisfied as mentioned in paragraph (a), issuing an authorisation to the person to provide the airworthiness services specified in the authorisation; and\n (c) assessing whether a person to whom it has issued an authorisation to provide airworthiness services continues to be capable of providing the airworthiness services covered by the authorisation.\n (3) In this instrument:\n\n> airworthiness services means commercial services relating to the airworthiness of an aircraft, including carrying out airworthiness activities, and managing the continuing airworthiness of the aircraft.\n\n (4) An organisation carries out an airworthiness activity if the activity is carried out on the organisation’s behalf by an individual who holds an authorisation, issued by the ASAO under the function in section 16, that covers the activity.","sortOrder":21},{"sectionNumber":"18","sectionType":"section","heading":"Part 149 airworthiness training","content":"#### 18 Part 149 airworthiness training\n\n (1) It is an aviation administration function to administer a person who conducts Part 149 airworthiness training in relation to a Part 149 aircraft.\n\n> Note: “Person” includes a natural or corporate person — see section 12C of the Acts Interpretation Act 1901.\n\n (2) The function includes:\n (a) assessing the person, and the person’s procedures, practices, personnel and facilities, to determine whether the person is capable of conducting Part 149 airworthiness training; and","sortOrder":22},{"sectionNumber":"19","sectionType":"section","heading":"Flight operations—procedures for safe conduct","content":"#### 19 Flight operations—procedures for safe conduct\n\n (1) It is an aviation administration function to administer a Part 149 aircraft by establishing procedures necessary for the safe conduct of flight operations in the aircraft, in accordance with an applicable CAO and any other provision of the civil aviation legislation that applies to the flight operations.\n (2) In this section:\n\n> applicable CAO means:\n\n (a) for a Part 149 aircraft mentioned in section 7 to which Civil Aviation Order 95.4 (sailplanes) applies—that Civil Aviation Order; and\n (b) for a Part 149 aircraft mentioned in section 7 to which Civil Aviation Order 95.8 (hang gliders and paragliders) applies—that Civil Aviation Order; and\n (c) for a Part 149 aircraft mentioned in section 7 that is a powered parachute to which Civil Aviation Order 95.32 applies—that Civil Aviation Order; and\n (d) for a Part 149 aircraft mentioned in:\n (i) section 8 (microlight aeroplanes)—Civil Aviation Order 95.10; and\n (ii) section 9 (weight-shift-controlled aeroplanes)—Civil Aviation Order 95.32; and\n (iii) section 10 (LSA aeroplanes, ultralight and lightweight aeroplanes)—Civil Aviation Order 95.55; and\n (iv) section 11 (about manned balloons and hot air airships)—Civil Aviation Order 95.54; and\n (e) for a Part 149 aircraft mentioned in section 12 to which Civil Aviation Order 95.12 (gyroplanes not exceeding 250 kg) applies—that Civil Aviation Order; and\n (f) for a Part 149 aircraft mentioned in section 12 to which Civil Aviation Order 95.12.1 (LSA gyroplanes and ASRA-compliant gyroplanes) applies—that Civil Aviation Order.\n\n> ASRA-compliant gyroplane has the meaning given by section 5.1 of Civil Aviation Order 95.12.1.","sortOrder":23},{"sectionNumber":"20","sectionType":"section","heading":"Flight operations—duties essential to the operation of aircraft","content":"#### 20 Flight operations—duties essential to the operation of aircraft\n\n Function\n (1) It is an aviation administration function to administer the flight operations of a Part 149 aircraft, including authorising individuals to perform a duty essential to the operation of the aircraft.\n (2) The function includes:\n (a) establishing a certification scheme dealing with the privileges available under, and any limitations of, pilot certifications, ratings and endorsements, to operate the aircraft; and\n (b) developing competency standards and units of competency (however described) for flying training that must be completed by a candidate for the issue of a pilot certificate, rating or endorsement (a pilot authorisation); and\n (c) developing any other requirements of the ASAO for the issue of a pilot authorisation, including any aeronautical knowledge requirements, flight tests, experience requirements, proficiency checks or flight reviews; and\n (d) administering the conduct, other than in the aircraft, of aeronautical knowledge training and assessment required for flying training.\n Activities administered\n (3) Flight operations administered under this function include:\n (a) operating the aircraft for a flight; and\n (b) conducting flying training in the aircraft; and\n (c) conducting a flight test or assessment of a person during a flight of the aircraft:\n (i) for the issue of a pilot certificate to operate the aircraft; or\n (ii) for the issue of a rating or endorsement in respect of activities permitted under a pilot certificate; and\n (d) assessing the ongoing competency of the holder of a pilot certificate to perform an activity authorised by the certificate and any ratings or endorsements attached to the certificate; and\n (e) conducting flight testing of the aircraft.\n (4) Conducting aeronautical knowledge training other than in the aircraft, for a pilot authorisation to operate the aircraft, is taken to be a flight operation and is an activity administered under this function.\n (5) Flight operations mentioned in paragraph (3)(b), (c) or (d), or subsection (4), include operations that may be performed by individuals:\n (a) on their own behalf; or\n (b) on behalf of the ASAO; or\n (c) on behalf of a Part 149 flying training organisation authorised by the ASAO under the function in section 21.","sortOrder":24},{"sectionNumber":"21","sectionType":"section","heading":"Part 149 flying training organisations","content":"#### 21 Part 149 flying training organisations\n\n (1) It is an aviation administration function to administer a person that conducts flying training, or flight tests, in relation to a Part 149 aircraft (a Part 149 flying training organisation).\n\n> Note: “Person” includes a natural or corporate person — see section 12C of the Acts Interpretation Act 1901.\n\n (2) The function includes:\n (a) assessing a person’s organisation, and its procedures, practices, personnel and facilities to determine whether the person is capable of conducting flying training, or flight tests, in relation to the aircraft; and\n (b) if satisfied as mentioned in paragraph (a), issuing an authorisation to the person to conduct the activities specified in the authorisation; and\n (c) assessing whether a person to whom the ASAO has issued an authorisation continues to be capable of conducting the activities covered by the authorisation; and\n (d) approving aeronautical examinations that may be conducted by a Part 149 flying training organisation to assess candidates undertaking flying training.\n (3) Under this function a person may be authorised to be a Part 149 flying training organisation that does one or more of the following for the aircraft:\n (a) conduct flying training;\n (b) conduct flying tests;\n (c) conduct aeronautical examinations to assess candidates undertaking flight training.","sortOrder":25},{"sectionNumber":"22","sectionType":"section","heading":"Applications to undertake aviation activity on basis of existing authorisations","content":"#### 22 Applications to undertake aviation activity on basis of existing authorisations\n\n (1) It is an aviation administration function to administer an individual holding an existing authorisation mentioned in subsection (3) in relation to the operation or airworthiness of a Part 149 aircraft.\n (2) The function includes:\n (a) assessing an existing authorisation to determine whether the holder is competent to undertake an aviation activity administered by the ASAO (the administering ASAO); and\n (b) issuing an authorisation to that individual to undertake the activity.\n (3) For subsection (1), an existing authorisation may be either:\n (a) an overseas authorisation; or\n (b) an authorisation issued by CASA or a sport aviation body other than the administering ASAO.\n\n> Note: See section 5 for the definition of overseas authorisation, and Part 1 of the Dictionary to CASR for the definition of sport aviation body.","sortOrder":26},{"sectionNumber":"Division 3","sectionType":"division","heading":"Aviation administration functions for parachuting activities","content":"### Division 3—Aviation administration functions for parachuting activities\n\n#### 23 Parachute descents\n\n Function\n (1) It is an aviation administration function to administer a parachute descent, including:\n (a) an activity (a parachute descent activity) mentioned in subsection (3); and\n (b) issuing an authorisation to an individual to undertake the activity.\n (2) The function includes:\n (a) establishing a certification scheme dealing with the privileges available under, and any limitations of, parachutist certifications, ratings and endorsements issued to persons to undertake parachute descents; and\n (b) developing competency standards and units of competency (however described) for parachuting training that must be completed by a candidate for the issue of a parachutist certificate, rating or endorsement (a parachutist authorisation); and\n (c) developing any other requirements of the ASAO for the issue of a parachutist authorisation, including any aeronautical knowledge requirements, tests, experience requirements and assessments of ongoing competency; and\n (e) developing requirements for the training of tandem parachutists.\n Activities administered\n (3) A parachute descent activity includes any of the following:\n (a) undertaking a parachute descent;\n (b) conducting parachuting training during a descent;\n (c) assessing trainee parachutists:\n (i) for the issue of a parachutist certificate to undertake a parachute descent; and\n (ii) for the issue of a rating or endorsement on a parachutist certificate in respect of activities permitted under the certificate;\n (d) assessing the ongoing competency of the holder of a parachutist certificate to perform an activity authorised by:\n (i) the certificate; and\n (ii) any ratings or endorsements attached to the certificate;\n (e) ground control;\n (f) supervising a parachute descent.\n (4) Parachute descent activities mentioned in paragraph (3)(b), (c) or (d) include parachute descent activities that may be performed by individuals:\n (a) on their own behalf; or\n (b) on behalf of the ASAO; or\n (c) on behalf of a parachuting training organisation authorised by the ASAO under the function in section 27.\n Authorisations\n (5) Authorisations to undertake a parachute descent activity include:\n (a) a parachutist certificate entitling the holder to undertake parachute descents; and\n (b) authorising a person as a parachutist instructor (however named) to:\n (i) conduct parachuting training for the issue of a parachutist certificate, rating or endorsement; or\n (ii) issue an endorsement to a parachutist; or\n (iii) make recommendations to the ASAO to grant a rating or an endorsement to a parachutist; and\n (c) authorising a person as a parachutist examiner (however named) to:\n (i) assess candidates for a parachutist certificate, rating or endorsement; or\n (ii) assess the ongoing competency of the holder of a parachutist certificate to perform an activity authorised by the certificate and any ratings or endorsements attached to the certificate; and\n (d) an endorsement on a parachutist certificate authorising the holder, in a parachute training operation, to control a parachute descent in which a tandem parachutist is carried; and\n (e) a student parachutist certificate authorising a trainee parachutist who is receiving training for the issue of a parachutist certificate to undertake parachute descents; and\n (f) a tandem parachutist certificate authorising a person to undertake a parachute descent as a tandem parachutist; and\n (g) authorising a person as a ground control assistant; and\n (h) authorising a person as a drop zone safety officer.\n\n> Note: Under the Part 105 Manual of Standards, parachute descents must be supervised by a drop zone safety officer: see section 5.27 of that Manual of Standards.\n\n#### 24 Parachuting operations—procedures for safe conduct\n\n It is an aviation administration function to administer parachute descents by establishing procedures necessary for the safe conduct of parachute descents in accordance with any provision of the civil aviation legislation that applies to the conduct of parachute descents.\n\n> Note 1: See section 3 of the Civil Aviation Act 1988 for the definition of civil aviation legislation.\n\n> Note 2: See also section 5.25 of the Part 105 Manual of Standards, which provides for procedures that must be included in an ASAO’s exposition.","sortOrder":27},{"sectionNumber":"23","sectionType":"section","heading":"Parachute descents","content":"#### 23 Parachute descents\n\n Function\n (1) It is an aviation administration function to administer a parachute descent, including:\n (a) an activity (a parachute descent activity) mentioned in subsection (3); and\n (b) issuing an authorisation to an individual to undertake the activity.\n (2) The function includes:\n (a) establishing a certification scheme dealing with the privileges available under, and any limitations of, parachutist certifications, ratings and endorsements issued to persons to undertake parachute descents; and\n (b) developing competency standards and units of competency (however described) for parachuting training that must be completed by a candidate for the issue of a parachutist certificate, rating or endorsement (a parachutist authorisation); and\n (c) developing any other requirements of the ASAO for the issue of a parachutist authorisation, including any aeronautical knowledge requirements, tests, experience requirements and assessments of ongoing competency; and\n (e) developing requirements for the training of tandem parachutists.\n Activities administered\n (3) A parachute descent activity includes any of the following:\n (a) undertaking a parachute descent;\n (b) conducting parachuting training during a descent;\n (c) assessing trainee parachutists:\n (i) for the issue of a parachutist certificate to undertake a parachute descent; and\n (ii) for the issue of a rating or endorsement on a parachutist certificate in respect of activities permitted under the certificate;\n (d) assessing the ongoing competency of the holder of a parachutist certificate to perform an activity authorised by:\n (i) the certificate; and\n (ii) any ratings or endorsements attached to the certificate;\n (e) ground control;\n (f) supervising a parachute descent.\n (4) Parachute descent activities mentioned in paragraph (3)(b), (c) or (d) include parachute descent activities that may be performed by individuals:\n (a) on their own behalf; or\n (b) on behalf of the ASAO; or\n (c) on behalf of a parachuting training organisation authorised by the ASAO under the function in section 27.\n Authorisations\n (5) Authorisations to undertake a parachute descent activity include:\n (a) a parachutist certificate entitling the holder to undertake parachute descents; and\n (b) authorising a person as a parachutist instructor (however named) to:\n (i) conduct parachuting training for the issue of a parachutist certificate, rating or endorsement; or\n (ii) issue an endorsement to a parachutist; or\n (iii) make recommendations to the ASAO to grant a rating or an endorsement to a parachutist; and\n (c) authorising a person as a parachutist examiner (however named) to:\n (i) assess candidates for a parachutist certificate, rating or endorsement; or\n (ii) assess the ongoing competency of the holder of a parachutist certificate to perform an activity authorised by the certificate and any ratings or endorsements attached to the certificate; and\n (d) an endorsement on a parachutist certificate authorising the holder, in a parachute training operation, to control a parachute descent in which a tandem parachutist is carried; and\n (e) a student parachutist certificate authorising a trainee parachutist who is receiving training for the issue of a parachutist certificate to undertake parachute descents; and\n (f) a tandem parachutist certificate authorising a person to undertake a parachute descent as a tandem parachutist; and\n (g) authorising a person as a ground control assistant; and\n (h) authorising a person as a drop zone safety officer.\n\n> Note: Under the Part 105 Manual of Standards, parachute descents must be supervised by a drop zone safety officer: see section 5.27 of that Manual of Standards.","sortOrder":28},{"sectionNumber":"24","sectionType":"section","heading":"Parachuting operations—procedures for safe conduct","content":"#### 24 Parachuting operations—procedures for safe conduct\n\n It is an aviation administration function to administer parachute descents by establishing procedures necessary for the safe conduct of parachute descents in accordance with any provision of the civil aviation legislation that applies to the conduct of parachute descents.\n\n> Note 1: See section 3 of the Civil Aviation Act 1988 for the definition of civil aviation legislation.\n\n> Note 2: See also section 5.25 of the Part 105 Manual of Standards, which provides for procedures that must be included in an ASAO’s exposition.","sortOrder":29},{"sectionNumber":"26","sectionType":"section","heading":"Operating an aircraft to facilitate a parachute descent","content":"#### 26 Operating an aircraft to facilitate a parachute descent\n\n Function\n (1) It is an aviation administration function to administer the operation of an aircraft to facilitate a parachute descent, including:\n (a) an activity (a jump pilot activity) mentioned in subsection (3); and\n (b) issuing an authorisation to a pilot to operate an aircraft to facilitate a parachute descent by a trainee parachutist or tandem parachutist, or both.\n (2) The function includes developing:\n (a) competency standards and units of competency (however described) for training and assessment (jump pilot training) that the ASAO requires must be completed by a pilot for the issue of a jump pilot authorisation to operate an aircraft to facilitate a parachute descent by a trainee parachutist or tandem parachutist; and\n (aa) the ASAO’s requirements for the issue of an authorisation to a person to assess the ongoing competency of the holder of a jump pilot authorisation; and\n (b) any other requirements of the ASAO for the operation of the aircraft to facilitate a parachute descent (whether or not in a parachute training operation).\n\nNote: See section 5.23 of the Part 105 Manual of Standards which contains standards for jump pilot training.\n\n Activities administered\n (3) A jump pilot activity includes any of the following:\n (a) the operation of the aircraft to facilitate a parachute descent (whether or not by a trainee or tandem parachutist);\n (b) conducting jump pilot training of a pilot of the aircraft during a flight conducted to facilitate a parachute descent, on matters relevant to the conduct of the flight for that purpose;\n (c) assessing pilots for the issue of a jump pilot authorisation to operate the aircraft to facilitate a parachute descent by a trainee or tandem parachutist;\n (d) assessing the competency of the holder of a jump pilot authorisation to perform an activity authorised by the authorisation.\n Authorisations\n (4) Authorisations to undertake a jump pilot activity include:\n (a) a jump pilot authorisation entitling the holder (the jump pilot) to operate an aircraft to facilitate a parachute descent by a trainee or tandem parachutist; and\n (b) authorising a person as a jump pilot trainer (however named) to:\n (i) conduct jump pilot training; or\n (ii) make recommendations to the ASAO to issue a jump pilot authorisation to a pilot; or\n (iii) assess candidates for a jump pilot authorisation; or\n (iv) assess the ongoing competency of the holder of a jump pilot authorisation to perform an activity authorised by the authorisation.","sortOrder":30},{"sectionNumber":"27","sectionType":"section","heading":"Parachuting training organisations","content":"#### 27 Parachuting training organisations\n\n (1) It is an aviation administration function to administer a person (a parachuting training organisation) that conducts:\n (a) parachuting training; or\n (b) jump pilot training.\n\nNote: Pilot training requirements for the purposes of subregulation 105.080(3) of CASR are prescribed in Division 2 of Chapter 3 of the Part 105 Manual of Standards. See also section 5.23 of the Part 105 Manual of Standards, which contains standards for the training of a pilot for the issue of a jump pilot authorisation to operate an aircraft in a parachute training operation.\n\n (2) The function includes:\n (a) assessing a person’s organisation, and its procedures, practices, personnel and facilities to determine whether the person is capable of conducting the training; and\n (b) if satisfied as mentioned in paragraph (a), issuing an authorisation to the person to conduct the training specified in the authorisation; and\n (c) assessing whether a person to whom it has issued an authorisation to conduct the training continues to be capable of providing the training covered by the authorisation.\n (3) Under this function, the ASAO may authorise a person to be a parachuting training organisation that does any of the following:\n (a) conduct parachuting training;\n (b) conduct jump pilot training;\n (c) assess candidates undertaking parachuting training, or jump pilot training, against the competency standards developed by the ASAO for the training.\n (4) A parachuting training organisation conducts parachuting training in relation to a parachute descent if the parachuting training is conducted on the organisation’s behalf by an individual who holds an authorisation issued by the ASAO, under the function in section 23, that covers the parachuting training.\n (5) A parachuting training organisation conducts jump pilot training in relation to a parachute descent if the jump pilot training is conducted on the organisation’s behalf by an individual who holds an authorisation issued by the ASAO, under the function in section 26, that covers the jump pilot training.\n\n> Note: See section 1.04 of the Part 105 Manual of Standards for the definition of parachuting training. See paragraph 26(2)(a) of this instrument for the definition of jump pilot training.","sortOrder":31},{"sectionNumber":"28","sectionType":"section","heading":"Parachute airworthiness","content":"#### 28 Parachute airworthiness\n\n (1) It is an aviation administration function to administer the airworthiness of:\n (a) a parachute used to undertake a parachute descent under Part 105 of CASR; or\n (b) an emergency parachute.\n\n> Note: Part 105 of CASR does not apply to emergency parachute descents: see regulation 105.005 of CASR.\n\n (2) The function includes:\n (a) issuing an authorisation to an individual to undertake an airworthiness activity mentioned in subsection (3); and\n (b) developing competency standards and units of competency (however described) for parachute airworthiness training that must be completed by a candidate for the issue of an authorisation to undertake an airworthiness activity mentioned in subsection (3); and\n (c) developing and publishing requirements (defined as the Part 105 ASAO’s requirements in paragraph 2.04(4)(b) of the Part 105 Manual of Standards) about the airworthiness of a reserve parachute assembly; and\n (d) assuming the provision of airworthiness support for a reserve parachute assembly, and publishing airworthiness requirements for that purpose, in the case that the reserve parachute assembly’s manufacturer no longer provides airworthiness support for the assembly.\n\n> Note 1: Subsection 2.04(4) of the Part 105 Manual of Standards prescribes maintenance requirements for reserve parachute assemblies, for the purposes of paragraph 105.055(3)(b) of CASR.\n\n> Note 2: Under section 2.06 of the Part 105 Manual of Standards, if the ASAO assumes the provision of airworthiness support for a reserve parachute assembly as mentioned in paragraph (d), the assembly must be maintained in accordance with the ASAO’s airworthiness requirements.\n\n> Note 3: See also the exposition requirements in section 5.03 of the Part 105 Manual of Standards, concerning airworthiness requirements and Part 105 ASAOs.\n\n (3) An airworthiness activity includes the following:\n (a) packing a parachute;\n (b) maintaining a parachute;\n (c) assembling a parachute.\n (4) Authorisations to undertake an airworthiness activity include an authorisation to pack, assemble or conduct maintenance on a parachute.\n (4A) Subsection (4B) applies if an ASAO has an approved function mentioned in section 23 to administer a parachute descent.\n (4B) It is an aviation administration function for the ASAO to administer the airworthiness activity of assessing the compatibility of a main parachute and the parachute container of a reserve parachute assembly (a compatibility assessment), including issuing an authorisation to an individual to carry out the assessment.","sortOrder":32},{"sectionNumber":"29","sectionType":"section","heading":"Applications to undertake parachuting activity on basis of existingauthorisations","content":"#### 29 Applications to undertake parachuting activity on basis of existing \nauthorisations\n\n (1) It is an aviation administration function to administer an individual holding an existing authorisation mentioned in subsection (3) in relation to undertaking a parachute descent or conducting an airworthiness activity in relation to parachutes.\n (2) The function includes:\n (a) assessing an existing authorisation to determine whether the holder is competent to undertake an aviation activity administered by the ASAO (the administering ASAO); and\n (b) issuing an authorisation to that individual to undertake the activity.\n (3) For subsection (1), an existing authorisation may be either:\n (a) an overseas authorisation; or\n (b) an authorisation issued by CASA or a sport aviation body other than the administering ASAO.\n\n> Note: See section 5 for the definition of overseas authorisation, and Part 1 of the Dictionary to CASR for the definition of sport aviation body.","sortOrder":33},{"sectionNumber":"Division 4","sectionType":"division","heading":"Aviation administration functions: miscellaneous","content":"### Division 4—Aviation administration functions: miscellaneous\n\n#### 30 Airworthiness function—aircraft operated to tow gliders\n\n It is an aviation administration function to administer the airworthiness of the tow release used in the towing system of an aircraft operated to tow a glider, including authorising persons to carry out maintenance on the tow release.","sortOrder":34},{"sectionNumber":"30","sectionType":"section","heading":"Airworthiness function—aircraft operated to tow gliders","content":"#### 30 Airworthiness function—aircraft operated to tow gliders\n\n It is an aviation administration function to administer the airworthiness of the tow release used in the towing system of an aircraft operated to tow a glider, including authorising persons to carry out maintenance on the tow release.","sortOrder":35},{"sectionNumber":"Chapter 3—Key personnel","sectionType":"part","heading":"Chapter 3—Key personnel","content":"## Chapter 3—Key personnel\n\n#### 31 Key personnel—managers of approved functions\n\n (1) This section applies if an ASAO has an approved function mentioned in one of the following sections in relation to a Part 149 aircraft:\n (a) section 16 (administering an airworthiness activity);\n (b) section 17 (administering airworthiness organisations);\n (c) section 18 (administering persons conducting Part 149 airworthiness training);\n (d) section 20 (administering flight operations);\n (e) section 21 (administering a Part 149 flight training organisation);\n (f) section 22 (administering individuals holding existing authorisations in relation to the operation or maintenance of the aircraft).\n (2) This section also applies if an ASAO has an approved function mentioned in one of the following sections:\n (a) section 23 (administering parachute descents);\n (b) section 24 (establishing procedures for safe conduct of parachute descents);\n (d) section 26 (administering the operation of an aircraft to facilitate a parachute descent);\n (e) section 27 (administering parachuting training organisations);\n (f) section 28 (administering airworthiness of emergency parachutes or parachutes used for parachute descents under Part 105 of CASR);\n (g) section 29 (administering individuals holding existing authorisations in relation to a parachute descent or parachute airworthiness activity);\n (h) section 30 (administering the airworthiness of the tow release of an aircraft operated to tow a glider).\n (3) For the purposes of paragraph (c) of the definition of key personnel in Part 1 of the Dictionary to CASR, the member (however described) of the ASAO’s personnel who is, or carries out the responsibilities of, the manager of the approved function is prescribed to be a member of the ASAO’s key personnel.\n\n> Note: The definition of key personnel (of an ASAO) in Part 1 of the Dictionary to CASR also sets out the meaning of key personnel, including that it means:\n\n (a) the ASAO’s accountable manager; and\n (b) the ASAO’s safety manager; and\n (c) if the ASAO’s approved functions include administering aircraft—the manager of the function.","sortOrder":36},{"sectionNumber":"31","sectionType":"section","heading":"Key personnel—managers of approved functions","content":"#### 31 Key personnel—managers of approved functions\n\n (1) This section applies if an ASAO has an approved function mentioned in one of the following sections in relation to a Part 149 aircraft:\n (a) section 16 (administering an airworthiness activity);\n (b) section 17 (administering airworthiness organisations);\n (c) section 18 (administering persons conducting Part 149 airworthiness training);\n (d) section 20 (administering flight operations);\n (e) section 21 (administering a Part 149 flight training organisation);\n (f) section 22 (administering individuals holding existing authorisations in relation to the operation or maintenance of the aircraft).\n (2) This section also applies if an ASAO has an approved function mentioned in one of the following sections:\n (a) section 23 (administering parachute descents);\n (b) section 24 (establishing procedures for safe conduct of parachute descents);\n (d) section 26 (administering the operation of an aircraft to facilitate a parachute descent);\n (e) section 27 (administering parachuting training organisations);\n (f) section 28 (administering airworthiness of emergency parachutes or parachutes used for parachute descents under Part 105 of CASR);\n (g) section 29 (administering individuals holding existing authorisations in relation to a parachute descent or parachute airworthiness activity);\n (h) section 30 (administering the airworthiness of the tow release of an aircraft operated to tow a glider).\n (3) For the purposes of paragraph (c) of the definition of key personnel in Part 1 of the Dictionary to CASR, the member (however described) of the ASAO’s personnel who is, or carries out the responsibilities of, the manager of the approved function is prescribed to be a member of the ASAO’s key personnel.\n\n> Note: The definition of key personnel (of an ASAO) in Part 1 of the Dictionary to CASR also sets out the meaning of key personnel, including that it means:\n\n (a) the ASAO’s accountable manager; and\n (b) the ASAO’s safety manager; and\n (c) if the ASAO’s approved functions include administering aircraft—the manager of the function.","sortOrder":37},{"sectionNumber":"Chapter 4—Changes to exposition","sectionType":"part","heading":"Chapter 4—Changes to exposition","content":"## Chapter 4—Changes to exposition\n\n#### 32 Requirements for application to approve changes to exposition\n\nNote: This section is reserved for the purposes of paragraph 149.115(2)(c) of CASR.","sortOrder":38},{"sectionNumber":"32","sectionType":"section","heading":"Requirements for application to approve changes to exposition","content":"#### 32 Requirements for application to approve changes to exposition\n\nNote: This section is reserved for the purposes of paragraph 149.115(2)(c) of CASR.","sortOrder":39},{"sectionNumber":"Chapter 5—Systems and procedures","sectionType":"part","heading":"Chapter 5—Systems and procedures","content":"## Chapter 5—Systems and procedures\n\n#### 33 Requirements for safety management system\n\n (1) This section is:\n (a) made for paragraph 149.270(b) of CASR; and\n (b) prescribes requirements for an ASAO’s safety management system.\n Systematic approach etc.\n (2) The safety management system must:\n (a) use a systematic approach to managing aviation safety; and\n (b) set out the organisational structures, key personnel accountabilities, and policies and procedures for conducting and overseeing each of the ASAO’s approved functions.\n Safety policy and objectives\n (3) The safety management system must describe the ASAO’s safety policy and objectives, including in relation to:\n (a) managing the ASAO’s commitment to, and responsibility for, aviation safety; and\n (b) aviation safety accountabilities; and\n (c) the appointment of key personnel; and\n (d) the safety management system implementation plan; and\n (e) relevant third party relationships and interactions; and\n (f) coordination of an emergency response plan; and\n (g) safety management system documentation.\n Human factors principles\n (4) The safety management system must describe how the ASAO will integrate human factors principles into the safety management system, including in relation to the matters in paragraphs (3)(a) to (g).\n Safety risk management\n (5) The safety management system must describe the ASAO’s safety risk management process, including its:\n (a) hazard identification processes; and\n (b) risk assessment and mitigation processes.\n Safety assurance system\n (6) The safety management system must describe the ASAO’s safety assurance system, including:\n (a) safety performance monitoring and measurement; and","sortOrder":40},{"sectionNumber":"33","sectionType":"section","heading":"Requirements for safety management system","content":"#### 33 Requirements for safety management system\n\n (1) This section is:\n (a) made for paragraph 149.270(b) of CASR; and\n (b) prescribes requirements for an ASAO’s safety management system.\n Systematic approach etc.\n (2) The safety management system must:\n (a) use a systematic approach to managing aviation safety; and\n (b) set out the organisational structures, key personnel accountabilities, and policies and procedures for conducting and overseeing each of the ASAO’s approved functions.\n Safety policy and objectives\n (3) The safety management system must describe the ASAO’s safety policy and objectives, including in relation to:\n (a) managing the ASAO’s commitment to, and responsibility for, aviation safety; and\n (b) aviation safety accountabilities; and\n (c) the appointment of key personnel; and\n (d) the safety management system implementation plan; and\n (e) relevant third party relationships and interactions; and\n (f) coordination of an emergency response plan; and\n (g) safety management system documentation.\n Human factors principles\n (4) The safety management system must describe how the ASAO will integrate human factors principles into the safety management system, including in relation to the matters in paragraphs (3)(a) to (g).\n Safety risk management\n (5) The safety management system must describe the ASAO’s safety risk management process, including its:\n (a) hazard identification processes; and\n (b) risk assessment and mitigation processes.\n Safety assurance system\n (6) The safety management system must describe the ASAO’s safety assurance system, including:\n (a) safety performance monitoring and measurement; and","sortOrder":41},{"sectionNumber":"34","sectionType":"section","heading":"Requirements for audit and surveillance system","content":"#### 34 Requirements for audit and surveillance system\n\n For the purposes of regulation 149.275 of CASR, the requirements for an ASAO’s audit and surveillance system are as follows:\n (a) it must be appropriate for the ASAO’s approved functions, taking into account the nature, complexity and inherent risk of the functions, and the size of the ASAO;\n (b) it must include policies, processes and procedures for the conduct of audit and surveillance relevant to the ASAO’s approved functions;\n (c) it must include a process for regular evaluation of the holder of an authorisation issued by the ASAO with respect to compliance by the holder with the requirements set out in the ASAO’s policies and procedures;\n (d) it must include a process for evaluation of:\n (i) the holder of an authorisation issued by the ASAO who may issue an authorisation on behalf of the ASAO; and\n (ii) the holder of an authorisation issued by the ASAO who may recommend, to the ASAO, the issue of an authorisation;\n with respect to compliance by the holder with the requirements set out in the ASAO’s procedures manual at least once in every 2 year period;\n (e) it must include a process for production of the ASAO’s audit and surveillance records to CASA upon CASA’s request;\n (f) it must require the capture of data on the number, and kinds, of members, authorisations, aircraft, accidents, incidents, defects and fatalities related to the ASAO’s approved functions.","sortOrder":42},{"sectionNumber":"35","sectionType":"section","heading":"Reference materials for administered Part 149 aircraft","content":"#### 35 Reference materials for administered Part 149 aircraft\n\n (1) For the purposes of paragraph 149.285(1)(e) of CASR, the materials mentioned in subsection (2) are prescribed for an ASAO that administers an aircraft:\n (a) under section 14; or\n (b) under section 19 (other than an aircraft mentioned in subparagraph 7(2)(c)(iii) or (iv) or section 11).","sortOrder":43},{"sectionNumber":"Chapter 6—ASAO aviation administration a","sectionType":"part","heading":"Chapter 6—ASAO aviation administration and enforcement rules","content":"## Chapter 6—ASAO aviation administration and enforcement rules\n\n#### 36 Aviation administration and enforcement rules\n\n For the purposes of paragraph 149.290(1)(k) of CASR, the ASAO’s aviation administration and enforcement rules must include:\n (a) a process for ensuring that reports about the conduct of authorisation holders, required by regulation 149.425 of CASR:\n (i) are submitted to CASA; and\n (ii) are submitted within the period specified in the ASAO’s exposition for such reports; and\n (b) a process for ensuring that reports about applications for authorisations required by regulation 149.430 of CASR are submitted to CASA; and\n (c) rules governing how the ASAO will manage safety risks if an authorisation holder or a member of the ASAO’s personnel overrides, or attempts to override, an aviation safety‑related decision of a member of the ASAO’s key personnel; and\n (d) a requirement to give a person who is affected by an enforcement decision written notice of the person’s internal review and CASA review rights; and\n (e) a process for notifying CASA, in writing, of:\n (i) the exercise of the ASAO’s enforcement powers; and\n (ii) preventative, corrective, remedial or disciplinary action undertaken by the ASAO that relates to the contravention or suspected contravention by an authorisation holder of the ASAO’s exposition","sortOrder":44},{"sectionNumber":"36","sectionType":"section","heading":"Aviation administration and enforcement rules","content":"#### 36 Aviation administration and enforcement rules\n\n For the purposes of paragraph 149.290(1)(k) of CASR, the ASAO’s aviation administration and enforcement rules must include:\n (a) a process for ensuring that reports about the conduct of authorisation holders, required by regulation 149.425 of CASR:\n (i) are submitted to CASA; and\n (ii) are submitted within the period specified in the ASAO’s exposition for such reports; and\n (b) a process for ensuring that reports about applications for authorisations required by regulation 149.430 of CASR are submitted to CASA; and\n (c) rules governing how the ASAO will manage safety risks if an authorisation holder or a member of the ASAO’s personnel overrides, or attempts to override, an aviation safety‑related decision of a member of the ASAO’s key personnel; and\n (d) a requirement to give a person who is affected by an enforcement decision written notice of the person’s internal review and CASA review rights; and\n (e) a process for notifying CASA, in writing, of:\n (i) the exercise of the ASAO’s enforcement powers; and\n (ii) preventative, corrective, remedial or disciplinary action undertaken by the ASAO that relates to the contravention or suspected contravention by an authorisation holder of the ASAO’s exposition","sortOrder":45},{"sectionNumber":"Chapter 7—Exposition requirements","sectionType":"part","heading":"Chapter 7—Exposition requirements","content":"## Chapter 7—Exposition requirements\n\n#### 37 Requirements for content of exposition\n\n (1) This section:\n (a) is made for the purposes of paragraph 149.340(k) of CASR; and\n (b) provides for additional matters that must be included in the ASAO’s exposition.\n\n> Note: Paragraphs 149.340(a) to (j) of CASR also provide for matters that must be included in the ASAO’s exposition.\n\n (2) An exposition for an ASAO must include the following:\n (a) the ASAO’s name and contact details;\n (b) any operating or business name of the ASAO, including its ABN (if any);\n (c) the principal physical address at which the ASAO’s accountable manager performs their duties and responsibilities;\n (d) if the ASAO is a corporation—the name of each of the officers of the corporation, its ACN and the address of its registered office;\n (e) a description and diagram of the ASAO’s organisation showing formal reporting lines, including the formal reporting lines for the ASAO’s key personnel positions;\n (f) the process to be followed by the ASAO if a member of the ASAO’s personnel fails to carry out his or her duties or responsibilities in relation to the ASAO’s approved functions;\n (g) the period for notifying CASA for the purposes of subparagraph 149.085(d)(i) of CASR;\n (h) the maximum period for which a person may simultaneously occupy the positions of safety manager and any other key personnel position for the purposes of subparagraph 149.085(f)(i) of CASR;\n (i) a description of how the ASAO manages the risk of human fatigue in the performance of the ASAO’s approved functions;\n (j) if required by CASA—the ASAO’s alcohol and other drugs policy;\n (k) for an ASAO that has entered into an agreement with another ASAO for the purpose of mutually ensuring that the activities of the organisations would not be likely to have an adverse effect on the safety of air navigation—if required by CASA, a copy of any document containing a description of the processes and procedures relating to:\n (i) the information sharing arrangements between the organisations; and\n (ii) the operational cooperation arrangements between the organisations;\n (l) a description of the procedures that will ensure that the ASAO is able to comply with the requirements of subregulation 149.195(2) of CASR (suitably competent, qualified and trained personnel);\n (m) a description of the ASAO’s record keeping and retention procedures;\n (n) the time for reporting to CASA under subregulation 149.425(2) of CASR;\n (o) the ASAO’s process for identifying a change to the exposition mentioned in paragraph 149.340(h) of CASR (changes to the exposition that do not require CASA’s approval);\n (p) the ASAO’s process for:\n (i) making applications to CASA under regulation 149.115 of CASR (approval of changes to the exposition); and\n (ii) notifying the ASAO’s personnel of any approved changes;\n (q) if the ASAO is approved to perform the aviation administration function of establishing and maintaining a register of aircraft—a description of the procedures for the registration of aircraft and the publication of a register of aircraft so registered;\n (r) a copy of any document prepared by the ASAO that contains the ASAO’s rules and procedures relevant to its approved functions;\n (s) any other matter required to be included in the exposition by the Part 103 Manual of Standards or the Part 105 Manual of Standards.\n\n> Note: For paragraph (2)(q), see the prescribed aviation administration function in section 14 (ASAO registration of certain aircraft).","sortOrder":46},{"sectionNumber":"37","sectionType":"section","heading":"Requirements for content of exposition","content":"#### 37 Requirements for content of exposition\n\n (1) This section:\n (a) is made for the purposes of paragraph 149.340(k) of CASR; and\n (b) provides for additional matters that must be included in the ASAO’s exposition.\n\n> Note: Paragraphs 149.340(a) to (j) of CASR also provide for matters that must be included in the ASAO’s exposition.\n\n (2) An exposition for an ASAO must include the following:\n (a) the ASAO’s name and contact details;\n (b) any operating or business name of the ASAO, including its ABN (if any);\n (c) the principal physical address at which the ASAO’s accountable manager performs their duties and responsibilities;\n (d) if the ASAO is a corporation—the name of each of the officers of the corporation, its ACN and the address of its registered office;\n (e) a description and diagram of the ASAO’s organisation showing formal reporting lines, including the formal reporting lines for the ASAO’s key personnel positions;\n (f) the process to be followed by the ASAO if a member of the ASAO’s personnel fails to carry out his or her duties or responsibilities in relation to the ASAO’s approved functions;\n (g) the period for notifying CASA for the purposes of subparagraph 149.085(d)(i) of CASR;\n (h) the maximum period for which a person may simultaneously occupy the positions of safety manager and any other key personnel position for the purposes of subparagraph 149.085(f)(i) of CASR;\n (i) a description of how the ASAO manages the risk of human fatigue in the performance of the ASAO’s approved functions;\n (j) if required by CASA—the ASAO’s alcohol and other drugs policy;\n (k) for an ASAO that has entered into an agreement with another ASAO for the purpose of mutually ensuring that the activities of the organisations would not be likely to have an adverse effect on the safety of air navigation—if required by CASA, a copy of any document containing a description of the processes and procedures relating to:\n (i) the information sharing arrangements between the organisations; and\n (ii) the operational cooperation arrangements between the organisations;\n (l) a description of the procedures that will ensure that the ASAO is able to comply with the requirements of subregulation 149.195(2) of CASR (suitably competent, qualified and trained personnel);\n (m) a description of the ASAO’s record keeping and retention procedures;\n (n) the time for reporting to CASA under subregulation 149.425(2) of CASR;\n (o) the ASAO’s process for identifying a change to the exposition mentioned in paragraph 149.340(h) of CASR (changes to the exposition that do not require CASA’s approval);\n (p) the ASAO’s process for:\n (i) making applications to CASA under regulation 149.115 of CASR (approval of changes to the exposition); and\n (ii) notifying the ASAO’s personnel of any approved changes;\n (q) if the ASAO is approved to perform the aviation administration function of establishing and maintaining a register of aircraft—a description of the procedures for the registration of aircraft and the publication of a register of aircraft so registered;\n (r) a copy of any document prepared by the ASAO that contains the ASAO’s rules and procedures relevant to its approved functions;\n (s) any other matter required to be included in the exposition by the Part 103 Manual of Standards or the Part 105 Manual of Standards.\n\n> Note: For paragraph (2)(q), see the prescribed aviation administration function in section 14 (ASAO registration of certain aircraft).","sortOrder":47}],"analysis":{"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"A positive credit balance is required for all requests, including BYOK, so fallback providers remain available. Add credits at https://vercel.com/d?to=%2F%5Bteam%5D%2F%7E%2Fai%3Fmodal%3Dtop-up to continue.","source":"analysis-cron"},"kimi_summary":{"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":7,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"The legislation appears consistent with its original intent as a Manual of Standards under Part 149 of CASR. It comprehensively covers the delegated regulatory functions for sport and recreational aviation as contemplated by the enabling regulations, including aircraft registration, airworthiness, flight operations, and parachuting activities. No significant scope creep is evident; the breadth aligns with the stated purpose of setting requirements for ASAO certification and administration."},"complexity_factors":["Extensive cross-referencing to other legislation (Civil Aviation Safety Regulations 1998, Civil Aviation Orders 95.4, 95.8, 95.10, 95.12, 95.12.1, 95.32, 95.54, 95.55, Part 103 Manual of Standards, Part 105 Manual of Standards)","Multiple nested conditional definitions of 'Part 149 aircraft' across sections 7–12 with exceptions and registration status dependencies","Duplicated section numbering and content (e.g., sections 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 14, 15, 23, 24, 31, 32, 33, 36, 37 appear twice with identical or near-identical text)","Heavy reliance on defined terms from external sources (CASR Dictionary, Acts Interpretation Act 1901)","Complex hierarchical structure: Chapters → Divisions → Subdivisions → Sections → Subsections → Paragraphs → Subparagraphs","Conditional application clauses (e.g., section 13 excludes certain aircraft from sections 14–18; section 31 has dual trigger conditions in subsections (1) and (2))","Multiple authorisation types and certification schemes with interlocking requirements (pilot certificates, parachutist certificates, jump pilot authorisations, airworthiness authorisations)","Reserved/placeholder provisions (section 32) indicating incomplete or pending regulatory development"],"plain_english_summary":"This instrument sets the rules for Approved Self-Administering Aviation Organisations (ASAOs), letting eligible sport and recreational aviation bodies self-regulate instead of CASA. It defines covered aircraft types, what ASAOs may authorize (airworthiness, training, pilot certificates, maintenance oversight), and requires key personnel, safety management, audits, and a detailed rulebook.\n\nIt affects sport aviation organisations, their pilots and parachutists, and associated maintenance and training providers — enabling delegated regulation while enforcing safety."},"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":8,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"The instrument implements and details the administration functions authorised by CASR Part 149 (see ss 3 and 6) and aligns those functions to specific aircraft types via Civil Aviation Orders (ss 7–13, s 19). It delegates standards‑setting and authorisation powers to ASAOs (s 15) while preserving CASA oversight and reporting obligations (s 36). The text contains no express indication that the instrument alters the Part 149 scope from its original statutory purpose; it operationalises and specifies that scope."},"complexity_factors":["Extensive cross‑references to CASR regulations and multiple Civil Aviation Orders (e.g. authority and scope: ss 3, 6; CAO links: s 19) increase interpretative complexity.","Large set of defined terms relied on from the CASR Dictionary (s 5), so meaning depends on external definitions.","Many delegated authorisation schemes requiring ASAO-created standards and competency units for individuals and organisations (airworthiness, flight operations, parachuting, jump pilots) (ss 16–18, 20–21, 23–29).","ASAO discretion to set airworthiness, design and maintenance standards where legislation is silent (s 15(1)) creates variability between ASAOs and requires careful alignment with CASA expectations.","Detailed obligations about safety management systems and audit/surveillance (ss 33–34) impose procedural, monitoring and record‑keeping burdens.","Exposition content and changes, and requirements to notify and report to CASA (ss 32, 36, 37) create formal compliance pathways and timelines.","Multiple classes of aircraft with conditional application (Part 149 aircraft definitions and CAO dependencies in ss 7–13) complicate scope for operators and ASAOs.","Overlapping functions (registration, authorisations, training, examinations, airworthiness, operations, enforcement) require coordination across organisational units and external stakeholders (ss 14–30, 36)."],"plain_english_summary":"This Manual of Standards sets out what an organisation must do to be approved as an Approved Self‑administering Aviation Organisation (ASAO) under CASR Part 149. It prescribes the administration tasks an ASAO may perform, who the key personnel must be, required safety‑management and audit systems, exposition content, authorisation schemes and reporting obligations. It applies mainly to sport and recreational aviation bodies, parachuting organisations, flying and airworthiness training providers and their members. ASAOs and their members carry the compliance costs; CASA oversees approvals and receives reports."}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/part-149-approved-self-administering-aviation-organisations-manual-of-standards-2018","history":"/api/acts/part-149-approved-self-administering-aviation-organisations-manual-of-standards-2018/history","analysis":"/api/acts/part-149-approved-self-administering-aviation-organisations-manual-of-standards-2018/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/part-149-approved-self-administering-aviation-organisations-manual-of-standards-2018/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/part-149-approved-self-administering-aviation-organisations-manual-of-standards-2018/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/part-149-approved-self-administering-aviation-organisations-manual-of-standards-2018/documents"}}