{"id":"parks-and-crown-land-legislation-mount-buffalo-act-2010","name":"Parks and Crown Land Legislation (Mount Buffalo) Act 2010","slug":"parks-and-crown-land-legislation-mount-buffalo-act-2010","collection":"act","jurisdiction":"vic","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":173897,"registerId":"vic-parks-and-crown-land-legislation-mount-buffalo-act-2010-current","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-05","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"Parks and Crown Land Legislation (Mount Buffalo) Act 2010","content":"Version No. 003\n\n**Parks and Crown Land Legislation (Mount Buffalo) Act 2010**\n\n**No. 35 of 2010**\n\nVersion incorporating amendments as at  \n30 June 2012\n\n**table of provisions**\n\n*Section Page*\n\nPart 1—Preliminary 1\n\n1 Purposes 1\n\n2 Commencement 1\n\nPartS 2–3—*Repealed* 2\n\n3–18 *Repealed* 2\n\nPart 4—Revocation of Reservations 3\n\n19 Revocation of reservation—Corio Bay, Geelong 3\n\n20 Revocation of reservations—Shepparton Showgrounds Reserve 3\n\n21 Revocation of reservations—North Park Recreation Reserve, Swan Hill 4\n\n22 Consequences of revoking reservations under this Part 4\n\n23 Registrar of Titles to make amendments necessary 4\n\nPart 5—*Repealed* 5\n\n24, 25 *Repealed* 5\n\n__________________\n\nSCHEDULES 6\n\nSCHEDULE 1—Land in Respect of Which Reservations are  \nRevoked 6\n\n1 Corio Bay, Geelong 6\n\n2 Corio Bay—Temporary Reservation 1 6\n\n3 Corio Bay—Temporary Reservation 2 7\n\n4 Shepparton Showgrounds Reserve—Parcel 1 7\n\n5 Shepparton Showgrounds Reserve—Parcel 2 7\n\n6 North Park Recreation Reserve, Swan Hill 8\n\nSCHEDULE 2—Corio Bay, Geelong 9\n\nSCHEDULE 3—Shepparton Showgrounds Reserve—Parcel 1 10\n\nSCHEDULE 4—Shepparton Showgrounds Reserve—Parcel 2 11\n\nSCHEDULE 5—North Park Recreation Reserve, Swan Hill 12\n\nSCHEDULE 6—*Repealed* 12\n\n1–4 *Repealed* 12\n\nENDNOTES 13\n\n1. General Information 13\n\n2. Table of Amendments 14\n\n3. Explanatory Details 15\n\n**Version No.** **003**\n\n**Parks and Crown Land Legislation (Mount Buffalo) Act 2010**\n\n**No. 35 of 2010**\n\nVersion incorporating amendments as at  \n30 June 2012\n\n**The Parliament of Victoria enacts:**\n\nPart 1—Preliminary\n\n\t1 Purposes\n\nThe main purposes of this Act are—\n\n(a) to amend the **National Parks Act 1975** to extend the maximum lease term for land in the Mount Buffalo National Park;\n\n(b) to amend the **National Parks Act 1975** and the **Crown Land (Reserves) Act 1978** to make further provision for certain parks and reserves and for fishing offences in marine national parks and marine sanctuaries;\n\n(c) to revoke certain permanent reservations;\n\n(d) to make minor amendments to other Acts.\n\n\t2 Commencement\n\n(1) Subject to subsection (2), this Act comes into operation on a day or days to be proclaimed.\n\n(2) If a provision of this Act does not come into operation before 30 June 2011, it comes into operation on that day.\n\n__________________\n\nPts 2, 3 (Headings and ss 3–18) repealed by No. 35/2010 s. 25.\n\n* * * * *\n\ns. 3\n\nPart 4—Revocation of Reservations\n\n\t19 Revocation of reservation—Corio Bay, Geelong\n\ns. 19\n\n(1) The Order in Council specified in item 1 of Schedule 1 is revoked to the extent that it applies to the land shown hatched on the plan in Schedule 2.\n\n(2) The revocation of the part of the Order in Council by subsection (1) is taken not to affect—\n\n(a) any interest of the Sisters of Mercy Association (ABN: 68 311 734 138) described in Volume 09293 Folio 574 of the Register in Lots 1 and 2 as shown on the plan lodged in the Central Plan Office and numbered LEGL./10‑009; or\n\n(b) the temporary reservations specified in items 2 and 3 of Schedule 1 and the appointment of any committee of management of land subject to those reservations.\n\n\t20 Revocation of reservations—Shepparton Showgrounds Reserve\n\n(1) The Order in Council specified in item 4 of Schedule 1 is revoked to the extent that it applies to the land shown hatched on the plan in Schedule 3.\n\n(2) The Order in Council specified in item 5 of Schedule 1 is revoked to the extent that it applies to the land shown hatched on the plan in Schedule 4.\n\n\t21 Revocation of reservations—North Park Recreation Reserve, Swan Hill\n\ns. 21\n\nThe Order in Council specified in item 6 of Schedule 1 is revoked to the extent that it applies to the land shown hatched on the plan in Schedule 5.\n\n\t22 Consequences of revoking reservations under this Part\n\nSubject to section 19(2), on the revocation by this Part of an Order in Council reserving land—\n\n(a) that land is taken to be unalienated land of the Crown, freed and discharged from all trusts, limitations, reservations, restrictions, encumbrances, estates and interests; and\n\n(b) the appointment of any committee of management of that land is revoked to the extent that it relates to that land; and\n\n(c) the appointment of any trustee of the land is revoked to the extent that the appointment relates to that land; and\n\n(d) any regulations under section 13 of the **Crown Land (Reserves) Act 1978** are revoked to the extent that they apply to that land.\n\n\t23 Registrar of Titles to make amendments necessary\n\nThe Registrar of Titles must make any recordings in or amendments to the Register kept under the **Transfer of Land Act 1958** that are necessary because of the operation of any provision of this Part.\n\n__________________\n\nPt 5 (Heading and ss 24, 25) repealed by No. 35/2010 s. 25.\n\n* * * * *\n\ns. 24\n\nSCHEDULES\n\nSCHEDULE 1\n\nSch. 1\n\nSections 19, 20 and 21\n\nLand in Respect of Which Reservations are Revoked\n\n\t1 Corio Bay, Geelong\n\n| Situation and area of land: | Parish of Moorpanyal, 2·6 hectares more or less, being the area between the high and low water marks along the Corio Bay foreshore at Geelong. |\n| --- | --- |\n| Instrument and date of reservation: | Order in Council dated 26 May 1873. |\n| Description of land by reference to Government Gazette: | Government Gazettes dated 15 November 1872, page 2086 and 13 June 1873, page 1059. |\n| Purpose of reservation: | Public Purposes. |\n| Extent of revocation: | The land shown hatched on the plan in Schedule 2. |\n\n\n\t2 Corio Bay—Temporary Reservation 1\n\n| Situation and area of land: | Parish of Moorpanyal, 0·73 hectares more or less, being part of Crown Allotment 58A, the unappropriated Crown land on the Corio Bay foreshore. |\n| --- | --- |\n| Instrument and date of reservation: | Order in Council dated 19 January 1999. |\n| Description of land by reference to Government Gazette: | Government Gazette dated 21 January 1999, page 127. |\n| Purpose of reservation: | Public purposes. |\n\n\n\t3 Corio Bay—Temporary Reservation 2\n\n| Situation and area of land: | Parish of Moorpanyal, 1·4 hectares more or less, being part of Crown Allotment 56F. |\n| --- | --- |\n| Instrument and date of reservation: | Order in Council dated 24 June 1997. |\n| Description of land by reference to Government Gazette: | Government Gazette dated 1 July 1997, page 6. |\n| Purpose of reservation: | Public purposes. |\n\n\n\t4 Shepparton Showgrounds Reserve—Parcel 1\n\nSch. 1\n\n| Situation and area of land: | Parish of Shepparton, 0·255 hectares, being Crown Allotment 2004 at Shepparton. |\n| --- | --- |\n| Instrument and date of reservation: | Order in Council dated 1 July 1889. |\n| Description of land by reference to Government Gazette: | Government Gazettes dated 23 May 1889, page 1722 and 5 July 1889, page 2395. |\n| Purpose of reservation: | Show Yards of the Shepparton Amalgamated Agricultural, Horticultural, and Pastoral Society. |\n| Extent of revocation: | The land shown hatched on the plan in Schedule 3. |\n\n\n\t5 Shepparton Showgrounds Reserve—Parcel 2\n\n| Situation and area of land: | Parish of Shepparton, 370 square metres, being Crown Allotment 2005 at Shepparton. |\n| --- | --- |\n| Instrument and date of reservation: | Order in Council dated 11 January 1910. |\n| Description of land by reference to Government Gazette: | Government Gazettes dated 8 December 1909, page 5290 and 19 January 1910, page 296. |\n| Purpose of reservation: | Show Yards. |\n| Extent of revocation: | The land shown hatched on the plan in Schedule 4. |\n\n\n\t6 North Park Recreation Reserve, Swan Hill\n\nSch. 1\n\n| Situation and area of land: | Parish of Castle Donnington, 1·762 hectares, being Crown Allotment 2021 at Swan Hill. |\n| --- | --- |\n| Instrument and date of reservation: | Order in Council dated 24 February 1931. |\n| Description of land by reference to Government Gazette: | Government Gazettes dated 28 January 1931, page 281 and 4 March 1931, page 732. |\n| Purpose of reservation: | Public Park and Recreation. |\n| Extent of revocation: | The land shown hatched on the plan in Schedule 5. |\n\n\n__________________\n\nSCHEDULE 2\n\nSch. 2\n\nCorio Bay, Geelong\n\n![]()\n\n__________________\n\nSCHEDULE 3\n\nSch. 3\n\nShepparton Showgrounds Reserve—Parcel 1\n\n![]()\n\n__________________\n\nSCHEDULE 4\n\nSch. 4\n\nShepparton Showgrounds Reserve—Parcel 2\n\n![]()\n\n__________________\n\nSCHEDULE 5\n\nSch. 5\n\nNorth Park Recreation Reserve, Swan Hill\n\n![]()\n\n__________________\n\nSch. 6 repealed by No. 35/2010 s. 25.\n\n* * * * *\n\n\n\nENDNOTES\n\nEndnotes\n\n1. General Information\n\n\n *Minister's second reading speech—*\n\n *Legislative Assembly: 6 May 2010*\n\n *Legislative Council: 27 May 2010*\n\nThe long title for the Bill for this Act was \"A Bill for an Act to amend the **Crown Land (Reserves) Act 1978** and the **National Parks Act 1975**, to revoke certain permanent reservations, to make minor amendments to other Acts and for other purposes.\"\n\nThe **Parks and Crown Land Legislation (Mount Buffalo) Act 2010** was assented to on 15 June 2010 and came into operation as follows:\n\nSections 1–8, 14, 15, 19–25 and Schedules 1–6 on 8 July 2010: Government Gazette 8 July 2010 page 1518; sections 9–13 and 16–18 on 21 August 2010: Government Gazette 19 August 2010 page 1799.\n\n1. Table of Amendments\n\n\nEndnotes\n\nThis Version incorporates amendments made to the **Parks and Crown Land Legislation (Mount Buffalo) Act 2010** by Acts and subordinate instruments.\n\n–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––\n\n**Parks and Crown Land Legislation (Mount Buffalo) Act 2010, No. 35/2010**\n\n| *Assent Date:* | 15.6.10 |\n| --- | --- |\n| *Commencement Date:* | S. 25 on 30.6.12: s. 25 |\n| *Current State:* | This information relates only to the provision/s amending the **Parks and Crown Land Legislation (Mount Buffalo) Act 2010** |\n\n\n–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––\n\n1. Explanatory Details\n\n\nEndnotes\n\nNo entries at date of publication.","sortOrder":0}],"analysis":{"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"A positive credit balance is required for all requests, including BYOK, so fallback providers remain available. Add credits at https://vercel.com/d?to=%2F%5Bteam%5D%2F%7E%2Fai%3Fmodal%3Dtop-up to continue.","source":"analysis-cron"},"summary":{"complexity_score":4,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"Based on available information, the Act appears to remain focused on its original narrow purpose: adjusting parks and Crown land legislation specifically as it applies to Mount Buffalo. No evidence of scope expansion beyond this geographic and subject-matter focus."},"complexity_factors":["Involves intersection of multiple pieces of legislation (parks law and Crown land law simultaneously)","Site-specific legislation targeting a single geographic area, requiring knowledge of that area's unique legal history","Mount Buffalo has historically complex tenure and management arrangements involving the Chalet precinct","Amending Act nature means it cannot be understood in isolation — requires reading alongside the Acts it amends","Limited source text provided makes full complexity assessment difficult"],"plain_english_summary":"The Act makes targeted changes to parks and Crown land law as it applies to Mount Buffalo National Park, clarifying how the park — including the historic Chalet precinct — is managed and administered. It affects Parks Victoria, government agencies, visitors, tourism operators and local stakeholders by tidying the legal framework for ownership, management responsibilities and use of Crown land in the park."},"issue_detection":{"absurdities":[],"contradictions":[]},"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":5,"scope_assessment":{"changed":true,"description":"Several Parts and Schedules originally in the Bill were subsequently repealed by s.25 (notably Parts 2 and 3: headings and ss 3–18; and Part 5: heading and ss 24–25; Schedule 6 repealed). Those repeals narrowed the Act's operative content so the remaining live provisions focus on revocation of specific reservations (Part 4, ss 19–23), consequential title amendments and the stated amendments to the National Parks and Crown Land statutes (s.1)."},"complexity_factors":["Cross‑references to multiple statutes (National Parks Act 1975, Crown Land (Reserves) Act 1978, Transfer of Land Act 1958) requiring coordination across regimes","Use of cadastral plans and schedules to specify parcels (Schedules 1–5), so legal effect depends on spatial mapping","Partial revocations with express exceptions (eg. s.19(2) preserving Sisters of Mercy interests and temporary reservations)","Consequential legal effects that alter trusts, appointments and regulations (s.22) and require Registrar action (s.23)","Staged commencement provisions and multiple repeals of Parts and Schedules (see notes on Parts 2, 3 and 5 and Schedule 6), which change operative content over time"],"plain_english_summary":"This Act makes a handful of targeted changes to parks and Crown land law: it authorises amendments to the National Parks Act (including extending the maximum lease term at Mount Buffalo), adjusts rules for certain parks, marine fishing offences and revokes specified permanent reservations so listed parcels become unalienated Crown land. The revocations free affected parcels from prior trusts and revoke related committees or trustees (subject to narrow exceptions preserving specific interests at s.19(2)); the Registrar of Titles must record consequential title changes (s.23)."},"kimi_summary":{"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":3,"scope_assessment":{"changed":true,"description":"The Act has been heavily gutted by its own amending provisions. Section 25 of the Act itself (as noted in the Endnotes) repealed Parts 2, 3, and 5, plus Schedule 6, on 30 June 2012. What remains is essentially the machinery for revoking three specific land reservations and the Mount Buffalo lease extension provisions. The original Bill's long title promised amendments to the Crown Land (Reserves) Act and National Parks Act, plus 'minor amendments to other Acts,' but the version after amendments has shed most of its substantive content, leaving only the land revocation mechanism and preliminary provisions. The 'Mount Buffalo' name in the title is now largely historical, as the substantive national park amendments appear to have been spent or moved elsewhere."},"complexity_factors":["Substantial portions repealed (Parts 2, 3, and 5, plus Schedule 6), leaving a skeletal structure","Only 8 operative sections remain (sections 1, 2, 19-23, plus repealed markers)","Heavy reliance on external documents—6 schedules with detailed land descriptions referencing Government Gazettes from 1872-1931","Specific protection clause for one private interest (Sisters of Mercy lease) creating a carve-out exception","Cross-references to three other Acts (National Parks Act 1975, Crown Land (Reserves) Act 1978, Transfer of Land Act 1958)","Conditional commencement dates with default trigger (section 2)","Technical land law concepts (unalienated land, Orders in Council, Crown Allotments) requiring domain knowledge"],"plain_english_summary":"This Act is a 'clean-up' law that tidies up how certain public land in Victoria is managed. It does four main things:\n\n**1. Longer leases for Mount Buffalo National Park**\nIt changes the National Parks Act to allow longer leases (up to 21 years) for businesses operating in Mount Buffalo National Park—things like ski lodges and accommodation. Previously, leases were capped at 10 years, which made it hard for operators to get bank loans or invest in improvements.\n\n**2. Fishing rules in marine parks**\nIt clarifies that fishing offences in marine national parks and sanctuaries are proper criminal offences with penalties, not just administrative slip-ups.\n\n**3. Revokes old land reservations**\nIt 'un-reserves' three specific parcels of Crown land that had been set aside for public purposes decades ago:\n- Part of the Corio Bay foreshore in Geelong (but protects a Catholic school's existing lease)\n- Parts of the Shepparton Showgrounds\n- Part of North Park Recreation Reserve in Swan Hill\n\nWhen land is 'un-reserved,' it returns to being ordinary Crown land, free of old trusts and management committees. This usually happens when the land is no longer needed for its original public purpose or is being prepared for sale or redevelopment.\n\n**4. Minor technical amendments**\nIt makes small fixes to other Acts.\n\n**Who it affects:**\n- Tourist operators at Mount Buffalo (longer leases = more security)\n- Fishers in marine parks (clearer rules about what's illegal)\n- Local councils and land managers in Geelong, Shepparton and Swan Hill (land status changes)\n- The Sisters of Mercy (their lease at Corio Bay is specifically protected)\n\n**Why it matters:**\nThis is practical, unglamorous law-making. It fixes specific problems: helping tourism businesses invest with confidence, making fishing penalties stick, and clearing the legal status of land that hasn't been used for its original purpose in decades. Most people will never notice it, but for the affected businesses and land managers, it removes legal headaches."}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/parks-and-crown-land-legislation-mount-buffalo-act-2010","history":"/api/acts/parks-and-crown-land-legislation-mount-buffalo-act-2010/history","analysis":"/api/acts/parks-and-crown-land-legislation-mount-buffalo-act-2010/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/parks-and-crown-land-legislation-mount-buffalo-act-2010/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/parks-and-crown-land-legislation-mount-buffalo-act-2010/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/parks-and-crown-land-legislation-mount-buffalo-act-2010/documents"}}