{"id":"nsw:epi-2012-0615","name":"Parkes Local Environmental Plan 2012","slug":"parkes-local-environmental-plan-2012","collection":"regulation","jurisdiction":"nsw","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":"615 of 2012","makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":181443,"registerId":"nsw-nsw:epi-2012-0615-current","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-05","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"Part 1","sectionType":"part","heading":"Preliminary","content":"# Part 1 Preliminary\n\nPart 1 Preliminary","sortOrder":0},{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"Name of Plan","content":"#### 1 Name of Plan\n\n1.1 Name of Plan\n\n> This Plan is [Parkes Local Environmental Plan 2012](/view/html/inforce/current/epi-2012-0615).","sortOrder":1},{"sectionNumber":"Part 2","sectionType":"part","heading":"Permitted or prohibited development","content":"# Part 2 Permitted or prohibited development\n\nPart 2 Permitted or prohibited development","sortOrder":13},{"sectionNumber":"2","sectionType":"section","heading":"Land use zones","content":"#### 2 Land use zones\n\n2.1 Land use zones\n\n> The land use zones under this Plan are as follows—\n> \n> > Rural Zones\n> \n> > RU1 Primary Production\n> > \n> > RU3 Forestry\n> > \n> > RU5 Village\n> \n> > Residential Zones\n> \n> > R1 General Residential\n> > \n> > R5 Large Lot Residential\n> \n> > Employment Zones\n> \n> > E1 Local Centre\n> > \n> > E4 General Industrial\n> \n> > Mixed Use Zones\n> \n> > MU1 Mixed Use\n> \n> > Special Purpose Zones\n> \n> > SP1 Special Activities\n> > \n> > SP2 Infrastructure\n> \n> > Recreation Zones\n> \n> > RE1 Public Recreation\n> > \n> > RE2 Private Recreation\n> \n> > Conservation Zones\n> \n> > C1 National Parks and Nature Reserves\n> \n> **cl 2.1:** Am 2022 (832), Sch 1.19\\[1\\].","sortOrder":14},{"sectionNumber":"pt","sectionType":"part","heading":"Land Use Table","content":"# pt Land Use Table\n\nLand Use Table\n\nNote—\n\nState environmental planning policies, including the following, may be relevant to development on land to which this Plan applies—\n\n> [State Environmental Planning Policy (Housing) 2021](/view/html/inforce/current/epi-2021-0714)\n\n> [State Environmental Planning Policy (Transport and Infrastructure) 2021](/view/html/inforce/current/epi-2021-0732), Chapter 2—relating to infrastructure facilities, including air transport, correction, education, electricity generating works and solar energy systems, health services, ports, railways, roads, waste management and water supply systems\n\n> [State Environmental Planning Policy (Resources and Energy) 2021](/view/html/inforce/current/epi-2021-0731), Chapter 2\n\n> [State Environmental Planning Policy (Resilience and Hazards) 2021](/view/html/inforce/current/epi-2021-0730), Chapter 3\n\n> [State Environmental Planning Policy (Industry and Employment) 2021](/view/html/inforce/current/epi-2021-0723), Chapter 3\n\n> [State Environmental Planning Policy (Primary Production) 2021](/view/html/inforce/current/epi-2021-0729), Chapter 2\n\n**Land Use tbl:** Am 2014 (700), cl 5 (1) (2); 2016 (168), Sch 1 \\[2\\]; 2017 (493), Sch 1.1 \\[1\\]; 2018 (488), Sch 1.1 \\[1\\]; 2019 (137), Sch 6 \\[1\\]; 2022 (314), Sch 1; 2022 (625), cl 5(1)–(3); 2022 (832), Sch 1.19\\[2\\]; 2023 (458), Sch 2.65.\n\nZone RU1 Primary Production\n\nZone RU3 Forestry\n\nZone RU5 Village\n\nZone R1 General Residential\n\nZone R5 Large Lot Residential\n\nZone E1 Local Centre\n\nZone E4 General Industrial\n\nZone MU1 Mixed Use\n\nZone SP1 Special Activities\n\nZone SP2 Infrastructure\n\nZone RE1 Public Recreation\n\nZone RE2 Private Recreation\n\nZone C1 National Parks and Nature Reserves","sortOrder":30},{"sectionNumber":"3","sectionType":"section","heading":"Permitted with consent","content":"#### 3 Permitted with consent\n\n3 Permitted with consent\n\n> Agritourism; Air transport facilities; Airstrips; Animal boarding or training establishments; Aquaculture; Bed and breakfast accommodation; Boat launching ramps; Boat sheds; Building identification signs; Business identification signs; Camping grounds; Caravan parks; Cellar door premises; Cemeteries; Community facilities; Correctional centres; Crematoria; Depots; Dual occupancies (attached); Dwelling houses; Eco-tourist facilities; Educational establishments; Environmental facilities; Extractive industries; Farm buildings; Farm stay accommodation; Flood mitigation works; Freight transport facilities; Helipads; Home industries; Home occupations (sex services); Industrial training facilities; Information and education facilities; Intensive livestock agriculture; Jetties; Landscaping material supplies; Open cut mining; Plant nurseries; Recreation areas; Recreation facilities (major); Recreation facilities (outdoor); Roads; Roadside stalls; Rural industries; Rural supplies; Rural workers’ dwellings; Secondary dwellings; Timber yards; Veterinary hospitals; Water recreation structures; Water storage facilities","sortOrder":33},{"sectionNumber":"4","sectionType":"section","heading":"Prohibited","content":"#### 4 Prohibited\n\n4 Prohibited\n\n> Any development not specified in item 2 or 3","sortOrder":34},{"sectionNumber":"Part 3","sectionType":"part","heading":"Exempt and complying development","content":"# Part 3 Exempt and complying development\n\nPart 3 Exempt and complying development","sortOrder":83},{"sectionNumber":"Part 4","sectionType":"part","heading":"Principal development standards","content":"# Part 4 Principal development standards\n\nPart 4 Principal development standards","sortOrder":87},{"sectionNumber":"Part 5","sectionType":"part","heading":"Miscellaneous provisions","content":"# Part 5 Miscellaneous provisions\n\nPart 5 Miscellaneous provisions","sortOrder":98},{"sectionNumber":"5","sectionType":"section","heading":"Relevant acquisition authority","content":"#### 5 Relevant acquisition authority\n\n5.1 Relevant acquisition authority\n\n> > (1) The objective of this clause is to identify, for the purposes of section 3.15 of the Act, the authority of the State that will be the relevant authority to acquire land reserved for certain public purposes if the land is required to be acquired under Division 3 of Part 2 of the [Land Acquisition (Just Terms Compensation) Act 1991](/view/html/inforce/current/act-1991-022) (the owner-initiated acquisition provisions).\n> > \n> > Note.\n> > \n> > If the landholder will suffer hardship if there is any delay in the land being acquired by the relevant authority, section 23 of the [Land Acquisition (Just Terms Compensation) Act 1991](/view/html/inforce/current/act-1991-022) requires the authority to acquire the land.\n> \n> > (2) The authority of the State that will be the relevant authority to acquire land, if the land is required to be acquired under the owner-initiated acquisition provisions, is the authority of the State specified below in relation to the land shown on the [Land Reservation Acquisition Map](https://www.planningportal.nsw.gov.au/publications/environmental-planning-instruments/parkes-local-environmental-plan-2012) (or, if an authority of the State is not specified in relation to land required to be so acquired, the authority designated or determined under those provisions).\n> > \n> > | Type of land shown on Map | Authority of the State |\n> > | Zone RE1 Public Recreation and marked “Local open space” | Council |\n> > | Zone RE1 Public Recreation and marked “Regional open space” | The corporation constituted under section 2.5 of the Act |\n> > | Zone SP2 Infrastructure and marked “Classified road” | Transport for NSW |\n> > | Zone C1 National Parks and Nature Reserves and marked “National Park” | Minister administering the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1974 |\n> \n> > (3) Development on land acquired by an authority of the State under the owner-initiated acquisition provisions may, before it is used for the purpose for which it is reserved, be carried out, with development consent, for any purpose.","sortOrder":99},{"sectionNumber":"Part 6","sectionType":"part","heading":"Additional local provisions","content":"# Part 6 Additional local provisions\n\nPart 6 Additional local provisions","sortOrder":125},{"sectionNumber":"6","sectionType":"section","heading":"Earthworks","content":"#### 6 Earthworks\n\n6.1 Earthworks\n\n> > (1) The objective of this clause is to ensure that earthworks for which development consent is required will not have a detrimental impact on environmental functions and processes, neighbouring uses, cultural or heritage items or features of the surrounding land.\n> \n> > (2) Development consent is required for earthworks unless—\n> > \n> > > (a) the earthworks are exempt development under this Plan or another applicable environmental planning instrument, or\n> > \n> > > (b) the earthworks are ancillary to development that is permitted without consent under this Plan or to development for which development consent has been given.\n> \n> > (3) Before granting development consent for earthworks (or for development involving ancillary earthworks), the consent authority must consider the following matters—\n> > \n> > > (a) the likely disruption of, or any detrimental effect on, drainage patterns and soil stability in the locality of the development,\n> > \n> > > (b) the effect of the development on the likely future use or redevelopment of the land,\n> > \n> > > (c) the quality of the fill or the soil to be excavated, or both,\n> > \n> > > (d) the effect of the development on the existing and likely amenity of adjoining properties,\n> > \n> > > (e) the source of any fill material and the destination of any excavated material,\n> > \n> > > (f) the likelihood of disturbing relics,\n> > \n> > > (g) the proximity to, and potential for adverse impacts on, any waterway, drinking water catchment or environmentally sensitive area,\n> > \n> > > (h) any appropriate measures proposed to avoid, minimise or mitigate the impacts of the development.\n> \n> Note.\n> \n> The [National Parks and Wildlife Act 1974](/view/html/inforce/current/act-1974-080), particularly section 86, deals with harming Aboriginal objects.","sortOrder":126},{"sectionNumber":"Schedule 1","sectionType":"schedule","heading":"Additional permitted uses","content":"# Schedule 1 Additional permitted uses\n\nSchedule 1 Additional permitted uses\n\n(Clause 2.5)\n\n**sch 1:** Am 2025 (564), Sch 1\\[1\\] \\[2\\].","sortOrder":136},{"sectionNumber":"Schedule 2","sectionType":"schedule","heading":"Exempt development","content":"# Schedule 2 Exempt development\n\nSchedule 2 Exempt development\n\n(Clause 3.1)\n\nNote 1.\n\n[State Environmental Planning Policy (Exempt and Complying Development Codes) 2008](/view/html/inforce/current/epi-2008-0572) specifies exempt development under that Policy. The Policy has State-wide application. This Schedule contains additional exempt development not specified in that Policy.\n\nNote 2.\n\nExempt development may be carried out without the need for development consent under the Act. Such development is not exempt from any approval, licence, permit or authority that is required under any other Act and adjoining owners’ property rights and the common law still apply.\n\n(When this Plan was made this Schedule was blank)","sortOrder":139},{"sectionNumber":"Schedule 3","sectionType":"schedule","heading":"Complying development","content":"# Schedule 3 Complying development\n\nSchedule 3 Complying development\n\n(Clause 3.2)\n\nNote.\n\n[State Environmental Planning Policy (Exempt and Complying Development Codes) 2008](/view/html/inforce/current/epi-2008-0572) specifies complying development and the complying development conditions for that development under that Policy. The Policy has State-wide application. This Schedule contains additional complying development not specified in that Policy.","sortOrder":140},{"sectionNumber":"sch.3-sec","sectionType":"section","heading":"General conditions","content":"#### sch.3-sec General conditions\n\nGeneral conditions\n\n> Any development specified in Part 1 is subject to the same conditions set out in Schedule 6 to [State Environmental Planning Policy (Exempt and Complying Development Codes) 2008](/view/html/inforce/current/epi-2008-0572).","sortOrder":143},{"sectionNumber":"Schedule 4","sectionType":"schedule","heading":"Classification and reclassification of public land","content":"# Schedule 4 Classification and reclassification of public land\n\nSchedule 4 Classification and reclassification of public land\n\n(Clause 5.2)\n\n**sch 4:** Am 2022 (548), cl 4; 2025 (563), Sch 1.\n\n**Maps:** Am 2014 (427), cl 4; 2014 (700), cl 4; 2015 (100), cl 4; 2015 (473), cl 4; 2020 (399), cl 4. Entries discontinued from July 2021 when responsibility for map updates moved to Department of Planning, Industry and Environment.","sortOrder":144},{"sectionNumber":"Schedule 5","sectionType":"schedule","heading":"Environmental heritage","content":"# Schedule 5 Environmental heritage\n\nSchedule 5 Environmental heritage\n\n(Clause 5.10)\n\n| Locality | Item name | Address | Property description | Significance | Item no |\n| Parkes | St George’s Anglican Church | Corner of Church and Hill Streets | Lot 4, Section 11, DP 758 | Local | I8 |\n| Parkes | National Australia Bank | 230 Clarinda Street (corner of Welcome and Dalton Streets) | Lot 1, DP 329101 | Local | I3 |\n| Parkes | Courthouse and police station—main building | Corner of Court and Currajong Streets | Lot 1, Section 10, DP 758827 | Local | I2 |\n| Parkes | Fire station | Corner of Court and Hill Streets | Lots 9–11, Section 10, DP 758827 | Local | I1 |\n| Parkes | Police station—administration building | Corner of Court and Hill Streets | Lot 5, Section 11, DP 758827 | Local | I5 |\n| Parkes | Post office | 39 Currajong Street | Lot 6, Section 11, DP 758827 | State | I4 |\n| Parkes | Presbyterian church and associated buildings, including presbytery and hall | Corner of Gap and Hill Streets | Lot 5, Section 14, DP 758827 | Local | I11 |\n| Parkes | Parkes Railway Station group | Parkes–Broken Hill Railway | Lots 1, 3 and 4, DP 1007651; Lot 1, DP 1006841; Lot 10, DP 1007652; Lot 4, DP 758827; Lot 1, DP 819875; Lot 1, DP 134055; Lot 1, DP 1069298 | State | I6 |\n| Parkes | Showground Pavilion | Corner of Victoria and Ward Streets | Lot 296, DP 750152 | Local | I7 |\n| Peak Hill | St James’ Roman Catholic Church | Corner of Caswell and Narra Streets | Lots 17–20, DP 758832 | Local | I10 |\n| Peak Hill | Peak Hill District Hospital | Newell Highway | Lot 329, DP 755113 | Local | I9 |","sortOrder":148},{"sectionNumber":"Schedule 6","sectionType":"schedule","heading":"Pond-based and tank-based aquaculture","content":"# Schedule 6 Pond-based and tank-based aquaculture\n\nSchedule 6 Pond-based and tank-based aquaculture\n\n(Clause 5.19)","sortOrder":149},{"sectionNumber":"Division 1","sectionType":"division","heading":"Site location requirements","content":"## Division 1 Site location requirements\n\nDivision 1 Site location requirements","sortOrder":151},{"sectionNumber":"Division 2","sectionType":"division","heading":"Operational requirements","content":"## Division 2 Operational requirements\n\nDivision 2 Operational requirements","sortOrder":153},{"sectionNumber":"7","sectionType":"section","heading":"Conservation exclusion zones","content":"#### 7 Conservation exclusion zones\n\n7 Conservation exclusion zones\n\n> > (1) Must not be carried out on the following land, except to the extent necessary to gain access to water—\n> > \n> > > (a) land declared an area of outstanding biodiversity value under the [Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016](/view/html/inforce/current/act-2016-063),\n> > \n> > > (b) vacant Crown land,\n> > \n> > > (c) land within a wetland of international significance declared under the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands.\n> \n> Note.\n> \n> Nothing in this clause affects any requirement under an Act relating to land specified in this clause to obtain a licence or other authority under that Act for development of the land.","sortOrder":161},{"sectionNumber":"8","sectionType":"section","heading":"Flood liability","content":"#### 8 Flood liability\n\n8 Flood liability\n\n> Must be designed or constructed on land so that it will not be inundated by the discharge of a 1:100 ARI (average recurrent interval) flood event.","sortOrder":162},{"sectionNumber":"9","sectionType":"section","heading":"Species selection","content":"#### 9 Species selection\n\n9 Species selection\n\n> Species of fish or marine vegetation cultivated or kept must be consistent with the relevant aquaculture industry development plan (within the meaning of clause 5.19).","sortOrder":164},{"sectionNumber":"10","sectionType":"section","heading":"Pond design","content":"#### 10 Pond design\n\n10 Pond design\n\n> > (1) Must not require the construction of new ponds, water storages, dams or buildings.\n> \n> > (2) Must not be located on permanent watercourses, creeks, billabongs or isolated outreaches of creeks or rivers.\n> \n> > (3) Must be capable of preventing the escape of stock into natural waterbodies or wetlands.","sortOrder":165},{"sectionNumber":"11","sectionType":"section","heading":"Culture water","content":"#### 11 Culture water\n\n11 Culture water\n\n> Must use freshwater.","sortOrder":166}],"analysis":{"summary":{"complexity_score":6,"scope_assessment":{"changed":true,"description":"As a living instrument amended roughly 46 times over 13 years, the plan's scope has almost certainly evolved beyond its original 2012 form. Common amendments to NSW LEPs include rezonings of specific parcels, changes to permitted land uses, updated development standards, and incorporation of new state-level requirements. The volume of amendments suggests the plan now covers a broader or differently configured set of rules than when it was first made, though the specific nature of those scope changes cannot be confirmed without access to the full text and amendment history."},"complexity_factors":["Operates under the Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979, which itself is a complex piece of legislation with many cross-references","Follows NSW's 'standard instrument' template but includes local variations specific to Parkes Shire, requiring knowledge of both the template and local provisions","Has been amended approximately 46 times since 2012, meaning the current version is the product of layered changes that can be difficult to track","Involves multiple land use zones, each with different permitted uses, development standards, and exceptions","Interacts with state-level environmental policies (called 'State Environmental Planning Policies') that can override or supplement local rules","Includes zoning maps as integral components — you cannot understand the plan without cross-referencing geographic maps","Heritage, biodiversity, and flood-risk provisions add additional layers of assessment requirements","Only the metadata and version history were provided — the actual operative provisions (zones, permitted uses, development standards) were not included in the text supplied"],"plain_english_summary":"The Parkes Local Environmental Plan 2012 is the legal zoning and development rulebook for the Parkes Shire. It determines what land uses and building types are allowed, sets development standards, and protects heritage, agricultural and environmentally sensitive areas.  \n\nIt affects anyone who owns, buys, or develops land in Parkes because complying with the plan is required for approvals—noncompliance can lead to refusals or demolition. Check the current (amended) version before acting."},"issue_detection":{"absurdities":[],"contradictions":[]},"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"A positive credit balance is required for all requests, including BYOK, so fallback providers remain available. Add credits at https://vercel.com/d?to=%2F%5Bteam%5D%2F%7E%2Fai%3Fmodal%3Dtop-up to continue.","source":"analysis-cron"},"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":7,"scope_assessment":{"changed":true,"description":"The Plan replaces earlier local environmental plans for Parkes (cl 1.8) and establishes a consolidated zoning and mapped overlay regime (cls 2.1–2.2, cl 1.7). It also adds site-specific permitted uses (Schedule 1) and classifies/reclassifies public land (cl 5.2 and Schedule 4), thereby changing the regulatory scope and the set of permissible developments relative to the instruments it repeals."},"complexity_factors":["Multiple land use zones and a detailed Land Use Table that allocate permitted/consent/prohibited uses (cls 2.1, 2.3).","Extensive cross-references to State environmental planning policies and other Acts that modify application and operation (cls 1.9, 1.9A, various notes).","Map-based controls and overlays (Land Zoning Map, Lot Size Map, Heritage Map, Terrestrial Biodiversity Map, Groundwater Vulnerability Map, Watercourse Map, Parkes Township Buffer Map) requiring spatial interpretation (cls 1.7, 2.2, clrs throughout Part 6).","Numerous development standards, exemptions and complying development rules with procedural and evidentiary requirements (Part 3, cl 3.1–3.3; cl 4.6 exceptions to standards).","Special local provisions and site-specific controls (Parkes Radio Telescope buffer cl 6.8; Airspace operations cl 6.6; Schedules 1 and 4 entries).","Layered environmental constraints (heritage cls 5.10; biodiversity cl 6.2; wetlands cl 6.5; groundwater cl 6.3; riparian cl 6.4; flood planning cl 5.21) creating multiple conditional gates for consent.","Detailed operational controls for specific industries (aquaculture Schedule 6; intensive livestock cl 5.18; farm stay and farm gate cl 5.24–5.25).","Procedural complexity from savings, repeals and transitional rules (repeal of prior LEPs cl 1.8; savings for pending DAs cl 1.8A) that affect existing applications."],"plain_english_summary":"This Plan is the local environmental plan for Parkes. It divides land into mapped zones, sets what uses are permitted or prohibited, requires development consent for specified works, and applies environmental, heritage, flood, biodiversity and infrastructure overlays. It changes permission rules, maps and approval steps. \n\nThe Plan’s stated aims include protecting agriculture, heritage and the Parkes economy (cl 1.2). Who pays: applicants bear compliance and consent costs; who decides: the Council is the consent authority (cl 1.6)."},"kimi_summary":{"_metrics":{"provider":"moonshot","completionTokens":1850},"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":7,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"The Plan remains within its original scope as a local environmental planning instrument for the Parkes Shire. While it has been amended multiple times since 2012 (adding zones like MU1 Mixed Use, updating aquaculture provisions, and refining farm stay controls), these changes represent evolutionary updates to planning controls rather than expansion into new regulatory areas. The core purpose—regulating land use, subdivision, and development across rural, residential, industrial and conservation areas—remains consistent with the original 2012 intent."},"complexity_factors":["13 different land use zones with unique permitted/prohibited use tables, each containing 30-50 specific land use definitions","Extensive cross-referencing to external instruments including State Environmental Planning Policies (Housing, Transport, Biodiversity, etc.) and the Building Code of Australia","Multiple conditional logic structures: 'permitted with consent unless...', 'exempt unless...', and nested exceptions (e.g., clause 4.6 has exceptions to development standards with their own exclusions)","Dual consent pathways: Standard development consent vs Complying Development Certificates vs Exempt development, each with different triggering conditions","Heritage controls requiring assessment against undefined 'heritage significance' and consultation with multiple external bodies (Heritage Council, Aboriginal communities)","Location-specific overlays requiring reference to 8 different maps (Land Zoning, Lot Size, Terrestrial Biodiversity, Groundwater Vulnerability, Watercourse, Wetlands, Heritage, Airport)","Temporal complexity: Savings provisions for applications lodged before commencement, existing holdings definitions dating back to 1990, and multiple amendment history references (2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2019, 2022, 2023, 2025)","Technical definitions requiring external knowledge (e.g., 'intensive aquaculture', 'flood planning area', 'Limitation or Operations Surface' for airports, 'BASIX certificate')","Schedule 6 contains detailed operational requirements for aquaculture including species selection, pond design standards, and discharge prohibitions","Clause 1.9A suspending covenants contains 7 specific exceptions plus public authority rights preservation"],"plain_english_summary":"**What this Plan does**\n\nThis is the rulebook for how land can be used and developed in the Parkes Shire Council area (covering Parkes, Peak Hill, and surrounding villages). It divides the region into different \"zones\" (like Residential, Industrial, Rural, and Recreation) and specifies what building activities are allowed in each.\n\n**Key things the Plan covers**\n\n*   **Zoning**: Land is categorised into zones such as RU1 (Primary Production/farming), R1 (General Residential), E4 (General Industrial), and C1 (National Parks). Each zone lists:\n    *   **Permitted without consent**: Minor things you can do straight away (like home occupations or environmental protection works in rural areas)\n    *   **Permitted with consent**: Development you can do if Council approves it (like building houses, shops, or factories)\n    *   **Prohibited**: Uses that aren't allowed (like heavy industry in residential areas)\n\n*   **Lot sizes**: Rules about how small you can subdivide land, with minimum sizes shown on maps. Special rules apply to prevent breaking up rural land into tiny lifestyle blocks that could hurt farming.\n\n*   **Heritage protection**: Special controls apply to heritage-listed buildings (like the Parkes Railway Station and Post Office). You need Council approval to demolish, alter, or build near these items.\n\n*   **Local environmental protections**: \n    *   **Biodiversity**: Special assessment required for land marked on the Terrestrial Biodiversity Map\n    *   **Groundwater**: Extra controls for \"vulnerable\" groundwater areas to prevent contamination\n    *   **Waterways**: 40-metre buffers around watercourses where development must protect water quality and banks\n    *   **Wetlands**: Development must avoid significant impacts on mapped wetlands\n\n*   **Special sites**:\n    *   **Parkes Radio Telescope**: Restrictions on development that could interfere with \"The Dish\"\n    *   **Parkes Airport**: Controls to stop buildings from penetrating airspace flight paths\n\n*   **Farming and rural industries**: Special provisions for intensive livestock, aquaculture (fish farming), farm stay accommodation, and rural worker housing to balance farming with other uses.\n\n*   **Exempt and complying development**: Lists small building projects that don't need approval (exempt) or can use a fast-track approval (complying), provided they meet specific standards.\n\n**Who it affects**\n\nAnyone who owns, buys, or develops land in Parkes Shire. This includes homeowners wanting to extend, farmers wanting to build worker accommodation, developers subdividing land, and businesses setting up shop.\n\n**Why it matters**\n\nThe Plan determines whether you can build a granny flat, open a farm stay, run a mine, or subdivide your property. It aims to protect agricultural land and the environment while allowing the town and villages to grow sustainably. Breaking these rules can result in fines or orders to remove illegal buildings."}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/parkes-local-environmental-plan-2012","history":"/api/acts/parkes-local-environmental-plan-2012/history","analysis":"/api/acts/parkes-local-environmental-plan-2012/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/parkes-local-environmental-plan-2012/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/parkes-local-environmental-plan-2012/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/parkes-local-environmental-plan-2012/documents"}}