{"id":"nsw:act-1992-031","name":"NSW Grain Corporation Holdings Limited Act 1992","slug":"nsw-grain-corporation-holdings-limited-act-1992","collection":"act","jurisdiction":"nsw","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":"31 of 1992","makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":106119,"registerId":"nsw-act-1992-031-current","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-03","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"Name of Act","content":"#### 1 Name of Act\n\n1 Name of Act\n\n> This Act may be cited as the [NSW Grain Corporation Holdings Limited Act 1992](/view/html/inforce/current/act-1992-031).","sortOrder":0},{"sectionNumber":"2","sectionType":"section","heading":"Commencement","content":"#### 2 Commencement\n\n2 Commencement\n\n> This Act commences on the date of assent.","sortOrder":1},{"sectionNumber":"3","sectionType":"section","heading":"Definitions","content":"#### 3 Definitions\n\n3 Definitions\n\n> > (1) Words and expressions used in this Act have the same meanings as they have in the [State Owned Corporations Act 1989](/view/html/inforce/current/act-1989-134).\n> \n> > (2) In this Act:\n> > \n> > appointed day means the day appointed for the purposes of section 10.\n> > \n> > approved person has the meaning given by section 4.\n> > \n> > Grain Corporation means NSW Grain Corporation Limited.\n> > \n> > Grain Holdings means NSW Grain Corporation Holdings Limited.\n> > \n> > instrument means an instrument (other than this Act) which creates, modifies or extinguishes rights or liabilities (or would do so if lodged, filed or registered in accordance with any law), and includes any judgment, order or process of a court.\n> > \n> > Ministerial Corporation means the Grain Handling Ministerial Corporation constituted by section 13 of the [Grain Handling Authority (Corporatisation) Act 1989](/view/pdf/asmade/act-1989-135).","sortOrder":2},{"sectionNumber":"4","sectionType":"section","heading":"Approved persons","content":"#### 4 Approved persons\n\n4 Approved persons\n\n> For the purposes of this Act, an approved person is Prime Wheat Association Limited (ACN 000 245 269) or a wholly-owned subsidiary of that company.","sortOrder":3},{"sectionNumber":"5","sectionType":"section","heading":"Negotiations and agreements for sale of Grain Holdings","content":"#### 5 Negotiations and agreements for sale of Grain Holdings\n\n5 Negotiations and agreements for sale of Grain Holdings\n\n> > (1) Negotiations may be conducted for the sale of Grain Holdings by the transfer of any issued shares in Grain Holdings to persons who are not eligible Ministers.\n> \n> > (2) The Ministers who are shareholders in Grain Holdings are authorised to enter into agreements for the transfer of their shares to an approved person.\n> \n> > (3) Any negotiations or agreements may be conducted or entered into before, on or after the appointed day. Any such negotiations or agreements conducted or entered into before the date of assent to this Act are validated to the extent of any invalidity.\n> \n> > (4) However, any such transfer of shares does not take effect before the appointed day.\n> \n> > (5) Neither the operation of this section nor any such agreement is to be regarded:\n> > \n> > > (a) as a breach of contract or confidence or otherwise as a civil wrong, or\n> > \n> > > (b) as a breach of any contractual provision prohibiting, restricting or regulating the assignment or transfer of assets, rights or liabilities, or\n> > \n> > > (c) as giving rise to any remedy by a party to an instrument, or as causing or permitting the termination of any instrument, because of a change in the beneficial or legal ownership of any asset, right or liability.\n> \n> > (6) Neither the operation of this section nor any such agreement is to be regarded as an event of default under any contract or other instrument.\n> \n> **s 5:** Am 2004 No 91, Sch 2.60.","sortOrder":4},{"sectionNumber":"6","sectionType":"section","heading":"Amendment of memorandum and articles of association","content":"#### 6 Amendment of memorandum and articles of association\n\n6 Amendment of memorandum and articles of association\n\n> > (1) The Ministers who are the voting shareholders of Grain Holdings are authorised to take steps before the appointed day to make alterations and additions to the memorandum and articles of association of Grain Holdings that are inconsistent with the requirements of the [State Owned Corporations Act 1989](/view/html/inforce/current/act-1989-134) or the [Grain Handling Authority (Corporatisation) Act 1989](/view/pdf/asmade/act-1989-135) or both.\n> \n> > (2) However, any such inconsistent alterations or additions do not take effect before the appointed day.","sortOrder":5},{"sectionNumber":"7","sectionType":"section","heading":"Creation of debt due to State","content":"#### 7 Creation of debt due to State\n\n7 Creation of debt due to State\n\n> > (1) The purpose of this section is to maximise the amounts payable to the State in connection with the sale of Grain Holdings by providing for additional payments to the State otherwise than as part of the consideration for the transfer of shares in Grain Holdings.\n> \n> > (2) An agreement referred to in section 5 may provide for Grain Holdings or Grain Corporation, or both, to become liable to pay to the State of New South Wales either or both of the following:\n> > \n> > > (a) such amounts as are specified in the agreement, or\n> > \n> > > (b) such amounts as the Minister may determine by order in writing before the appointed day or within 6 months starting with the appointed day.\n> \n> > (3) The liability to pay the amounts arises on the appointed day, or, in the case of an amount determined after that day, on the day the determination takes effect.\n> \n> > (4) Any such amount is payable on such terms and at such time or times as are provided for in the agreement or as the Minister determines by order in writing and may be recovered by the Minister on behalf of the State as a debt in any court of competent jurisdiction.","sortOrder":6},{"sectionNumber":"8","sectionType":"section","heading":"Proceeds","content":"#### 8 Proceeds\n\n8 Proceeds\n\n> > (1) Any amounts received for the transfer of the shares, or by way of repayment of the debt under section 7, must be paid into the Consolidated Fund.\n> \n> > (2) There may be deducted from those amounts before payment into the Consolidated Fund such amount as the Minister approves to meet the expenses reasonably incurred in connection with the sale of Grain Holdings.","sortOrder":7},{"sectionNumber":"9","sectionType":"section","heading":"Transfer of identified assets to Crown","content":"#### 9 Transfer of identified assets to Crown\n\n9 Transfer of identified assets to Crown\n\n> > (1) An agreement referred to in section 5 may identify assets of Grain Holdings or Grain Corporation as assets to which this section applies.\n> \n> > (2) The Minister may, by order in writing, direct that any assets so identified be transferred to the Crown, on such terms and for such consideration (if any) as are specified in the order.\n> \n> > (3) On the commencement of the order, the identified assets vest in the Crown by virtue of this section (subject to any existing leases) and without the need for any conveyance, transfer, assignment or assurance.\n> \n> > (4) No attornment to the Crown by a lessee from Grain Holdings or Grain Corporation is required.\n> \n> > (5) Such an order may be made before, on or after the appointed day and may commence before, on or after that day.","sortOrder":8},{"sectionNumber":"10","sectionType":"section","heading":null,"content":"#### 10\n\n10 (Repealed)","sortOrder":9},{"sectionNumber":"11","sectionType":"section","heading":"Application of State Owned Corporations Act from appointed day","content":"#### 11 Application of State Owned Corporations Act from appointed day\n\n11 Application of State Owned Corporations Act from appointed day\n\n> The [State Owned Corporations Act 1989](/view/html/inforce/current/act-1989-134) does not apply to Grain Holdings or Grain Corporation on and after the appointed day. This section has effect subject to any express provisions of this Act.","sortOrder":11},{"sectionNumber":"12","sectionType":"section","heading":"Dissolution of Grain Handling Ministerial Corporation","content":"#### 12 Dissolution of Grain Handling Ministerial Corporation\n\n12 Dissolution of Grain Handling Ministerial Corporation\n\n> > (1) The Ministerial Corporation is dissolved on the appointed day.\n> \n> > (2) On the appointed day, the following provisions have effect:\n> > \n> > > (a) the assets of the Ministerial Corporation vest in the Crown by virtue of this section and without the need for any conveyance, transfer, assignment or assurance,\n> > \n> > > (b) the rights and liabilities of the Ministerial Corporation become by virtue of this section the rights and liabilities of the Crown,\n> > \n> > > (c) all proceedings pending by or against the Ministerial Corporation are taken to be proceedings pending by or against the Crown,\n> > \n> > > (d) any act, matter or thing done or omitted by, to or in respect of the Ministerial Corporation is (to the extent that that act, matter or thing has any force or effect) taken to have been done or omitted by, to or in respect of the Crown,\n> > \n> > > (e) a reference in any Act, in any instrument made under an Act or in any document of any kind to the Ministerial Corporation is to be read as a reference to the Crown.\n> \n> > (3) The operation of this section is not to be regarded:\n> > \n> > > (a) as a breach of contract or confidence or otherwise as a civil wrong, or\n> > \n> > > (b) as a breach of any contractual provision prohibiting, restricting or regulating the assignment or transfer of assets, rights or liabilities, or\n> > \n> > > (c) as giving rise to any remedy by a party to an instrument, or as causing or permitting the termination of any instrument, because of a change in the beneficial or legal ownership of any asset, right or liability.\n> \n> > (4) The operation of this section is not to be regarded as an event of default under any contract or other instrument.\n> \n> > (5) No attornment to the Crown by a lessee from the Ministerial Corporation is required.\n> \n> > (6) The purpose of this subsection is to ensure that the above provisions of this section extend to the “excluded undertaking” of the Grain Handling Authority. Accordingly, this section extends to assets, rights and liabilities transferred to the Ministerial Corporation under section 7 of the Grain Handling (Corporatisation) Act 1989. In particular, subsection (2) (e) of this section extends to a reference to the Ministerial Corporation that relates to any excluded undertaking referred to in section 7 of that Act.","sortOrder":12},{"sectionNumber":"13","sectionType":"section","heading":"Repeal of Grain Handling Authority (Corporatisation) Act 1989 No 135","content":"#### 13 Repeal of Grain Handling Authority (Corporatisation) Act 1989 No 135\n\n13 Repeal of [Grain Handling Authority (Corporatisation) Act 1989 No 135](/view/pdf/asmade/act-1989-135)\n\n> > (1) The [Grain Handling Authority (Corporatisation) Act 1989](/view/pdf/asmade/act-1989-135) is repealed on the appointed day.\n> \n> > (2) Section 6 of that Act continues to operate on and after the appointed day as if it had not been repealed by this Act.\n> \n> > (3) The regulations may contain provisions regarding the interpretation of references in any instrument to the Grain Handling Authority of New South Wales or any member or employee of the Authority. Any such provisions have effect despite section 6 of that Act as continuing in operation.","sortOrder":13},{"sectionNumber":"14","sectionType":"section","heading":"Dividends","content":"#### 14 Dividends\n\n14 Dividends\n\n> Section 14 of the [State Owned Corporations Act 1989](/view/html/inforce/current/act-1989-134) continues to apply to any dividends declared by Grain Holdings or Grain Corporation (before the appointed day) to the extent that the whole or any part of those dividends payable to eligible Ministers has not been paid to the Treasurer.","sortOrder":14},{"sectionNumber":"15","sectionType":"section","heading":"Tax-equivalents","content":"#### 15 Tax-equivalents\n\n15 Tax-equivalents\n\n> > (1) Section 15 of the [State Owned Corporations Act 1989](/view/html/inforce/current/act-1989-134) continues to apply to any tax-equivalents due and payable to the Treasurer by Grain Holdings or Grain Corporation (before the appointed day) to the extent that they have not been paid to the Treasurer before the appointed day.\n> \n> > (2) Without affecting subsection (1), an agreement referred to in section 5 of this Act may provide for the continued operation of section 15 of that Act on or after the appointed day to Grain Holdings or Grain Corporation as regards any period before the appointed day.\n> \n> > (3) Authorities of the State are entitled to access to books and records of or relating to Grain Holdings and Grain Corporation for the purposes of this section.","sortOrder":15},{"sectionNumber":"16","sectionType":"section","heading":"Reports and accounts","content":"#### 16 Reports and accounts\n\n16 Reports and accounts\n\n> > (1) An agreement referred to in section 5 of this Act may provide for the continued operation of section 24 of the [State Owned Corporations Act 1989](/view/html/inforce/current/act-1989-134) on or after the appointed day in relation to Grain Holdings or Grain Corporation as regards any period before the appointed day.\n> \n> > (2) Authorities of the State are entitled to access to books and records of or relating to Grain Holdings and Grain Corporation for the purposes of this section.","sortOrder":16},{"sectionNumber":"17","sectionType":"section","heading":"Staff","content":"#### 17 Staff\n\n17 Staff\n\n> > (1) An employee of Grain Holdings or Grain Corporation retains any rights to annual leave, extended service leave or sick leave accrued or accruing by virtue of clause 3 of Schedule 4 to the [State Owned Corporations Act 1989](/view/html/inforce/current/act-1989-134).\n> \n> > (2) An employee of Grain Holdings or Grain Corporation retains any rights to annual leave, extended service leave or sick leave accrued or accruing on or after 1 October 1989 and before the appointed day.\n> \n> > (3) Neither the contract of employment nor the period of employment of each employee of Grain Holdings or Grain Corporation is taken to have been broken by the operation of this Act for the purposes of any law, award or agreement relating to the employment of that employee.","sortOrder":17},{"sectionNumber":"18","sectionType":"section","heading":"Operation of this Act","content":"#### 18 Operation of this Act\n\n18 Operation of this Act\n\n> > (1) This Act binds the Crown.\n> \n> > (2) This Act has effect despite anything in the [State Owned Corporations Act 1989](/view/html/inforce/current/act-1989-134), the [Grain Handling Authority (Corporatisation) Act 1989](/view/pdf/asmade/act-1989-135) or the memorandum or articles of association of Grain Holdings or Grain Corporation.","sortOrder":18},{"sectionNumber":"19","sectionType":"section","heading":"Regulations","content":"#### 19 Regulations\n\n19 Regulations\n\n> > (1) The Governor may make regulations, not inconsistent with this Act, for or with respect to any matter that by this Act is required or permitted to be prescribed or that is necessary or convenient to be prescribed for carrying out or giving effect to this Act.\n> \n> > (2) In particular, the regulations may contain provisions of a savings or transitional nature consequent on the enactment of this Act or the [Grain Handling Authority (Corporatisation) Act 1989](/view/pdf/asmade/act-1989-135) (including provisions of the kind referred to in section 13 (3) of this Act).\n> \n> > (3) Any such savings or transitional provision may, if the regulations so provide, take effect from the commencement of the [Grain Handling Authority (Corporatisation) Act 1989](/view/pdf/asmade/act-1989-135) or a later date.\n> \n> > (4) To the extent to which any such savings or transitional provision takes effect from a date that is earlier than the date of its publication in the Gazette, the provision does not operate so as:\n> > \n> > > (a) to affect, in a manner prejudicial to any person (other than the State or an authority of the State), the rights of that person existing before the date of its publication, or\n> > \n> > > (b) to impose liabilities on any person (other than the State or an authority of the State) in respect of anything done or omitted to be done before the date of its publication.","sortOrder":19}],"analysis":{"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"Unauthenticated. Configure AI_GATEWAY_API_KEY or use a provider module. Learn more: https://ai-sdk.dev/unauthenticated-ai-gateway","source":"analysis-cron"},"summary":{"complexity_score":3,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"Based on the available metadata, the Act appears to have retained its original narrow purpose of establishing and governing the NSW Grain Corporation Holdings Limited corporate structure. The 2004 amendment updated the Act but there is no evidence from the available text of any material expansion or contraction of its original scope. The legislation remains within its original remit of corporate governance for this specific government-owned grain entity."},"complexity_factors":["Limited legislative text was actually provided — only website metadata and navigation elements are present, making full analysis impossible","Corporate restructuring legislation of this type typically involves interaction with the Corporations Act and other state commercial legislation","Government corporatisation laws can involve transitional provisions, asset transfer mechanisms, and shareholder arrangements that add layers of complexity","The Act has been amended at least once (version change in December 2004), suggesting some evolution in its provisions","Interaction between state and Commonwealth corporate law frameworks can create jurisdictional complexity"],"plain_english_summary":"The Act created NSW Grain Corporation Holdings Limited, converting the government-owned grain storage and handling agency into a corporate holding company to enable more commercial operation and potential privatisation. It chiefly affects the NSW government’s grain infrastructure, grain growers, and the Corporation’s employees, with the Treasurer responsible. The law has been in its current form since 10 December 2004 and remains in force."},"issue_detection":{"absurdities":[],"contradictions":[]},"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":6,"scope_assessment":{"changed":true,"description":"The Act alters the scope of existing arrangements: it removes application of the State Owned Corporations Act to Grain Holdings and Grain Corporation from the appointed day (s11), repeals the Grain Handling Authority (Corporatisation) Act 1989 on the appointed day while preserving specific continuing provisions (s13), dissolves the Grain Handling Ministerial Corporation and vests its assets and liabilities in the Crown (s12), and enables transfer of issued shares to an approved person plus the creation of debts payable to the State (ss5, 7, 9). It therefore narrows and redirects the statutory regime that previously governed these entities, while keeping certain pre‑appointed obligations alive (ss14–16)."},"complexity_factors":["Extensive cross‑referencing to other Acts (State Owned Corporations Act 1989; Grain Handling Authority (Corporatisation) Act 1989) increasing interpretive dependence.","Timing dependency on an undefined 'appointed day' that makes many powers effective only on or after that date.","Ministerial discretion to determine additional amounts payable to the State and to make orders (s7, s9), concentrating decision‑making power.","Validation of pre‑assent negotiations and agreements (s5(3)) creates retrospective legal effects to cure prior invalidity.","Vesting of assets and liabilities in the Crown without formal conveyance/transfer (s9(3), s12(2)(a)–(b)) alters property formalities.","Statutory protections treating transfers as not causing breaches, defaults or remedies under existing instruments (s5(5)–(6), s12(3)–(5)), affecting creditor/contractual positions.","Selective continuation of particular provisions of the repealed Act and the State Owned Corporations Act for pre‑appointed day obligations (ss13(2), 14–16), creating mixed legal regimes.","Regulations may have retrospective savings/transitional effect but are limited by protective clauses (s19(2)–(4)), adding complexity to implementation.","Narrowly defined approved purchaser (Prime Wheat Association or its wholly owned subsidiary) concentrates beneficiary status and limits market participation (s4).","Employment protections preserving accrued leave and continuity of service (s17) interact with commercial transfer mechanics."],"plain_english_summary":"This Act enables the Ministers to sell issued shares in NSW Grain Corporation Holdings Limited to an approved person (Prime Wheat Association or its wholly‑owned subsidiary), dissolves the Grain Handling Ministerial Corporation and vests identified assets and liabilities in the Crown. It authorises ministerial orders to set additional amounts payable to the State, validates pre‑assent negotiations, removes State Owned Corporations Act coverage from Grain Holdings and Grain Corporation from the appointed day, keeps certain pre‑appointed tax, dividend and reporting obligations, and protects employees' accrued leave."},"kimi_summary":{"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":4,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"The legislation appears to maintain its original focused purpose: facilitating the privatisation of NSW Grain Corporation Holdings Limited and winding up the associated government entities. While it contains detailed transitional provisions, these are ancillary to the core privatisation function rather than scope creep. The Act has not expanded into broader agricultural regulation or general corporate governance."},"complexity_factors":["Multiple cross-references to three other Acts (State Owned Corporations Act 1989, Grain Handling Authority (Corporatisation) Act 1989, and the Corporations Law concepts like memorandum and articles of association)","Conditional timing provisions dependent on an undefined 'appointed day' (set by proclamation or external event)","Nested protective provisions in sections 5 and 12 with multiple sub-paragraphs shielding the transaction from contractual remedies","Dual entity structure (Grain Holdings vs Grain Corporation) that requires careful tracking of which provisions apply to which company","Savings and transitional provisions in sections 14-17 that preserve pre-existing obligations under repealed or disapplied legislation","Section 12(6) contains a specific technical extension to 'excluded undertaking' assets transferred under a separate section of a different Act, creating a cross-cutting dependency"],"plain_english_summary":"**What this law does:**\n\nThis Act sets up the legal machinery to **privatise NSW Grain Corporation Holdings Limited** — a state-owned grain handling business. It allows the government to sell the company to **Prime Wheat Association Limited** (a farmers' cooperative) or its subsidiaries, and cleans up the legal loose ends when this happens.\n\n**Key things it does:**\n\n*   **Authorises the sale** — Lets the Ministers who own the shares negotiate and sign a deal to sell Grain Holdings to an \"approved person\" (basically Prime Wheat Association or a company it fully owns).\n*   **Protects the deal from legal challenges** — Says that selling the company doesn't count as breaking any contracts, doesn't trigger \"change of control\" clauses in other agreements, and isn't treated as a default on loans or other obligations.\n*   **Lets the State squeeze extra money out** — Allows the sale agreement to require Grain Holdings or Grain Corporation to pay extra amounts to the State, on top of the sale price for the shares. These are treated as debts owed to the government.\n*   **Transfers assets back to the Crown** — Lets the Minister order that specific assets be handed back to the State before or during the sale.\n*   **Winds up the old government body** — Dissolves the \"Grain Handling Ministerial Corporation\" (the old government entity) on the sale date, with all its assets and debts automatically becoming the State's.\n*   **Protects workers** — Guarantees that employees keep their accrued leave (annual leave, sick leave, long service leave) and that their employment isn't broken by the privatisation.\n*   **Cleans up the legal framework** — Repeals the old Grain Handling Authority (Corporatisation) Act and removes Grain Holdings from the State Owned Corporations Act regime once the sale happens.\n\n**Who it affects:**\n\n*   **The State Government** — Gets the money from the sale and can reclaim certain assets.\n*   **Prime Wheat Association Limited** — Gets the opportunity to buy the grain business.\n*   **Employees of the grain corporations** — Keep their leave entitlements and continuous service.\n*   **Creditors and contract holders** — Can't use the privatisation as an excuse to terminate contracts or demand early repayment.\n\n**Why it matters:**\n\nThis is a classic **privatisation statute**. It takes a government-owned business and puts it into private hands, while making sure the State maximises its financial return and that the transition doesn't trigger legal chaos (broken contracts, worker disputes, or debt defaults). It also shows how governments use specific Acts to override general corporate and contract law when selling public assets."}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/nsw-grain-corporation-holdings-limited-act-1992","history":"/api/acts/nsw-grain-corporation-holdings-limited-act-1992/history","analysis":"/api/acts/nsw-grain-corporation-holdings-limited-act-1992/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/nsw-grain-corporation-holdings-limited-act-1992/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/nsw-grain-corporation-holdings-limited-act-1992/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/nsw-grain-corporation-holdings-limited-act-1992/documents"}}