{"id":"F2018L00970","name":"National Redress Scheme for Institutional Child Sexual Abuse Direct Personal Response Framework 2018","slug":"national-redress-scheme-for-institutional-child-sexual-abuse-direct-personal-response-framework-2018","collection":"legislative_instrument","jurisdiction":"commonwealth","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":97657,"registerId":"commonwealth-F2018L00970-current","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-02","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"Part 1","sectionType":"part","heading":"Preliminary","content":"## Part 1—Preliminary","sortOrder":0},{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"Name","content":"#### 1 Name\n\n  This instrument is the National Redress Scheme for Institutional Child Sexual Abuse Direct Personal Response Framework 2018.","sortOrder":1},{"sectionNumber":"3","sectionType":"section","heading":"Authority","content":"#### 3 Authority\n\n  This instrument is made under section 55 of the National Redress Scheme for Institutional Child Sexual Abuse Act 2018.","sortOrder":2},{"sectionNumber":"4","sectionType":"section","heading":"Definitions","content":"#### 4 Definitions\n\n> Note: A number of expressions used in this instrument are defined in the Act, including the following:\n\n    (a) acceptance document;\n    (b) direct personal response;\n    (c) participating institution;\n    (d) partly‑participating institution;\n    (e) survivor.\n  In this instrument:\n\n> Act means the National Redress Scheme for Institutional Child Sexual Abuse Act 2018.\n\n> complaint means an expression of dissatisfaction made to or about a responsible institution related to its products, services, staff or the handling of a complaint, where a response or resolution is explicitly or implicitly expected or legally required.\n\n> direct personal response facilitator means a neutral, independent third party who has the knowledge and skills to ensure the direct personal response process operates in accordance with best practice restorative justice and trauma‑informed principles.\n\n> responsible institution:\n\n> (a) a participating institution is a responsible institution in relation to the abuse of a person if the Operator has determined under paragraph 29(2)(b) of the Act that the institution is responsible for that abuse;\n\n> (b) a partly‑participating institution is a responsible institution in relation to abuse of a person if the Operator has determined under subparagraph 29(2)(j)(ii) of the Act that the institution is responsible for that abuse.","sortOrder":3},{"sectionNumber":"Part 2","sectionType":"part","heading":"Direct personal responses","content":"## Part 2—Direct personal responses","sortOrder":4},{"sectionNumber":"5","sectionType":"section","heading":"Requesting a direct personal response","content":"#### 5 Requesting a direct personal response\n\n  If an acceptance document specifies a responsible institution as an institution that a person (the survivor) wishes to receive a direct personal response from, the Operator must give the survivor a written notice:\n    (a) setting out the contact details for the responsible institution; and\n    (b) explaining that the survivor must contact the institution to commence the direct personal response process.\n\n> Note: Under paragraph 42(2)(g) of the Act, a person accepting an offer of redress who wishes to receive a direct personal response must specify, in the person’s acceptance document, the responsible institution that the person wishes to receive a direct personal response from.","sortOrder":5},{"sectionNumber":"6","sectionType":"section","heading":"Arranging a direct personal response","content":"#### 6 Arranging a direct personal response\n\n  (1) If the survivor requests a direct personal response, the responsible institution must give the direct personal response as soon as practicable, taking into account the survivor’s suitability and readiness for engagement in the direct personal response.\n  (2) The direct personal response must be:\n    (a) of a kind, or kinds, agreed with the survivor; and\n    (b) engaged in by the method, or methods, agreed with the survivor.\n\n> Note 1: Under subsection 54(2) of the Act, a direct personal response from a responsible institution to a person is any one or more of the following:\n\n    (a) an apology or a statement of acknowledgement or regret;\n    (b) an acknowledgement of the impact of the abuse on the person;\n    (c) an assurance as to the steps the institution has taken, or will take, to prevent abuse occurring again;\n    (d) an opportunity for the person to meet with a senior official of the institution.\n\n> Note 2: Partly‑participating institutions are not covered by the release from civil liability set out in section 43 of the Act.","sortOrder":6},{"sectionNumber":"7","sectionType":"section","heading":"Methods of engaging in a direct personal response","content":"#### 7 Methods of engaging in a direct personal response\n\n  The direct personal response must be given by one or more of the following methods:\n    (a) a face‑to‑face meeting, in which the survivor meets with a senior official of the responsible institution;\n    (b) written engagement with the survivor;\n    (c) any other method agreed with the survivor.\n\n> Note: The responsible institution must let the survivor know which methods the institution is able to use to engage in direct personal responses: see subparagraph 11(1)(a)(ii).","sortOrder":7},{"sectionNumber":"8","sectionType":"section","heading":"Face‑to‑face meetings","content":"#### 8 Face‑to‑face meetings\n\n  (1) If the survivor requests the direct personal response to be given through a face‑to‑face meeting, the responsible institution must use its best efforts to give the direct personal response:\n    (a) at a time and place agreed with the survivor; and\n    (b) if unforeseen circumstances prevent the direct personal response being given at that time and place—as soon as practicable afterwards as agreed with the survivor.\n  (2) The face‑to‑face meeting may include other survivors for whose abuse the Operator has determined the institution to be responsible, if:\n    (a) each survivor wishes the other survivors to be included; and\n    (b) the institution agrees to the other survivors being included.","sortOrder":8},{"sectionNumber":"9","sectionType":"section","heading":"Confirming arrangements","content":"#### 9 Confirming arrangements\n\n  As soon as practicable after agreeing on arrangements for the direct personal response, the responsible institution must confirm those arrangements in writing given to the survivor.","sortOrder":9},{"sectionNumber":"10","sectionType":"section","heading":"Direct personal response given by representative","content":"#### 10 Direct personal response given by representative\n\n  (1) If the survivor agrees to a representative of the responsible institution giving the direct personal response in a face‑to‑face meeting on behalf of the institution, the institution must allow, where possible, the survivor to choose from representatives of different genders and cultural backgrounds, and who are differentiated by other relevant characteristics.\n  (2) In considering a person as a possible representative, the institution must take into account each of the following:\n    (a) the person’s position and seniority in the institution;\n    (b) whether the person has demonstrated empathy and engagement;\n    (c) whether the person has other traits and skills relevant to giving the direct personal response.\n\n> Note 1: The general principles guiding the provision of direct personal responses set out in section 56 of the Act include the requirement that direct personal responses be delivered by people who have received training about the nature and impact of child sexual abuse and the needs of survivors, including cultural awareness and sensitivity training where relevant.\n\n> Note 2: A representative for the purposes of section 10 is an agent or employee of the responsible institution who will be providing a direct personal response on its behalf.","sortOrder":10},{"sectionNumber":"11","sectionType":"section","heading":"Obligations of responsible institution","content":"#### 11 Obligations of responsible institution\n\n  (1) In preparing for and giving the direct personal response, the responsible institution has the following obligations:\n    (a) to provide clear and consistent information to the survivor about the following:\n    (i) the institution’s process for arranging direct personal responses;\n    (ii) the methods the institution is able to use to engage in direct personal responses;\n    (b) to ensure the institution is able to engage successfully in each direct personal response given by the institution;\n    (c) to ensure the survivor’s needs (including cultural needs), expectations and preferences dictate the way the direct personal response is given;\n    (d) to pay the costs associated with engaging in the direct personal response;\n    (e) to seek to avoid further harming or traumatising the survivor by prioritising and applying trauma informed principles of safety, trust, collaboration, choice and empowerment.;\n    (f) subject to subsection (2), to protect the confidentiality of all information relating to the direct personal response to the extent that disclosure is not required by a law of the Commonwealth, a State or Territory;\n    (g) to demonstrate that the survivor’s testimony has been listened to or heeded;\n    (h) not to question the survivor’s testimony.\n  (2) Every aspect of the direct personal response is confidential unless:\n    (a) all participants agree otherwise; or\n    (b) an actual or potential threat to human life, health or safety is revealed in the course of giving the direct personal response.\n  (3) If paragraph (2)(a) or (b) applies, the institution must ensure that any disclosure of information relating to the direct personal response is within the limits agreed by the participants, or proportionate to the threat, as the case requires.","sortOrder":11},{"sectionNumber":"12","sectionType":"section","heading":"Delaying or ceasing direct personal response","content":"#### 12 Delaying or ceasing direct personal response\n\n  (1) Participation in a direct personal response is voluntary for the survivor.\n  (2) The survivor may delay or withdraw from a direct personal response at any time.\n  (3) Any other person involved in the direct personal response process may delay or cease the process at any time if the person reasonably believes that continuing the process would jeopardise the health or safety of:\n    (a) the survivor; or\n    (b) a representative of the institution giving, or who is to give, a direct personal response in a face‑to‑face meeting on behalf of the institution.\n\n> Note: A representative for the purposes of section 12 is an agent or employee of the responsible institution who will be providing a direct personal response on its behalf.\n\n  (4) If the survivor delays or withdraws from a direct personal response, or fails to attend a direct personal response or related meeting, the responsible institution must attempt to reschedule or renegotiate arrangements for a direct personal response for the survivor as often as is reasonable.\n  (5) If a direct personal response process is delayed or ceased by another person, the responsible institution must offer to resume the direct personal response process or seek to provide an alternative kind or method of direct personal response for the survivor if the institution reasonably believes that it can do so without jeopardising the health or safety of the survivor.","sortOrder":12},{"sectionNumber":"Part 3","sectionType":"part","heading":"When direct personal response is not required","content":"## Part 3—When direct personal response is not required","sortOrder":13},{"sectionNumber":"13","sectionType":"section","heading":"Direct personal response not required in certain circumstances","content":"#### 13 Direct personal response not required in certain circumstances\n\n  (1) A responsible institution is not required to give a direct personal response if:\n    (a) the survivor does not, in the survivor’s acceptance document, specify the institution as an institution that the survivor wishes to receive a direct personal response from; or\n    (b) the survivor does not contact the institution to request a direct personal response before the scheme sunset day; or\n    (c) the survivor has not, before the scheme sunset day, responded to reasonable attempts to arrange a direct personal response; or\n    (d) the survivor, after requesting a direct personal response, notifies the institution that the survivor wishes to withdraw from the direct personal response; or\n    (e) the survivor has already received a direct personal response from the institution under the scheme.\n\n> Note: The scheme sunset day is the tenth anniversary of the scheme, or any day before that anniversary prescribed by the rules: see subsection 193(1) of the Act.\n\n  (2) Subsection (1) does not prevent the institution from giving a direct personal response.\n\n> Note: Direct personal redress under the scheme is available only to a person whose application for redress has been approved: see Part 2‑3 of the Act.","sortOrder":14},{"sectionNumber":"14","sectionType":"section","heading":"Special rules for defunct institutions","content":"#### 14 Special rules for defunct institutions\n\n  (1) A participating government institution providing redress as the funder of last resort for a non‑participating defunct non‑government institution is not required to provide a direct personal response on behalf of the defunct non‑government institution.\n  (2) If a participating institution is acting as the funder of last resort for a defunct institution and has been identified as equally responsible, it will only be required to offer a direct personal response on its own behalf.\n  (3) If a participating defunct institution has a representative, the representative must engage in any requested direct personal response for the institution on behalf of the institution.\n\n> Note: If a defunct institution does not have a representative, it will not be participating in the scheme.","sortOrder":15},{"sectionNumber":"Part 4","sectionType":"part","heading":"Review and reporting obligations of responsible institutions","content":"## Part 4—Review and reporting obligations of responsible institutions","sortOrder":16},{"sectionNumber":"15","sectionType":"section","heading":"Review obligations","content":"#### 15 Review obligations\n\n  (1) After giving a direct personal response, the responsible institution must:\n    (a) ask the survivor for feedback on the direct personal response; and\n    (b) give the survivor details of avenues for providing the feedback.\n  (2) The survivor is not obliged to give feedback on the direct personal response.\n  (3) The institution must make reasonable efforts to consider, and be responsive to, feedback given.","sortOrder":17},{"sectionNumber":"16","sectionType":"section","heading":"Complaints","content":"#### 16 Complaints\n\n  (1) A responsible institution must have a process for managing complaints relating to direct personal responses.\n  (2) The process:\n    (a) must be communicated to survivors who have requested a direct personal response from the institution; and\n    (b) be available to survivors, including after any initial feedback is provided on the direct personal response.\n  (3) The institution must make reasonable efforts to consider, and be responsive to, complaints.","sortOrder":18},{"sectionNumber":"17","sectionType":"section","heading":"Reporting obligations","content":"#### 17 Reporting obligations\n\n  As soon as practicable after every 31 January and 31 July, each responsible institution must give the Operator, in the approved form, the following information:\n    (a) the number of requests for direct personal responses made to the institution during the preceding 6 month period;\n    (b) the number of direct personal responses given by the institution during the preceding 6 month period;\n    (c) the types of direct personal responses requested of the institution during the preceding 6 month period;\n    (d) the types of direct personal responses given by the institution during the preceding 6 month period;\n    (e) whether a direct personal response facilitator was used for each direct personal response provided by the institution;\n    (f) the time between each request made to the institution for a direct personal response and the giving of the direct personal response;\n    (g) complaint details received by the institution during the preceding 6 months in relation to a direct personal response it provided, specifically:\n    (i) the number of complaints made to the institution in relation to direct personal responses;\n    (ii) the nature of the complaints; and\n    (iii) how the complaints were resolved.\n\n> Note: For the purposes of the 6 monthly reporting obligation, the preceding 6 months means July to December for the January reporting period and January to June for the July reporting period.","sortOrder":19}],"analysis":{"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":4,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"This instrument operationalises and limits the scope of the direct personal response element that the Act establishes rather than expanding the Scheme's substantive reach. It sets procedural requirements (how responses are requested, delivered, documented and reported), clarifies exceptions for defunct and partly‑participating institutions (s14), and imposes reporting and complaints processes (ss15–17). Those measures implement and detail the Act's purpose without adding new categories of recipients or materially changing who is eligible under the Act."},"complexity_factors":["Multiple cross‑references to the National Redress Scheme Act (definitions and decision points: e.g. Operator determinations under Act s29, acceptance document requirements under Act s42(2)(g), direct personal response content under Act s54(2))","A small number of new definitions in the instrument (complaint; direct personal response facilitator; responsible institution referencing Act determinations) (s4)","Clear conditional logic on when a direct personal response is not required with five discrete exceptions (s13(1)(a)–(e))","Procedural steps and duties spread across Parts 2–4 (requesting, arranging, delivery, confidentiality, withdrawal, feedback, complaints, reporting) creating a multi‑stage compliance flow (ss5–17)","Reporting obligations with fixed 6‑monthly cycles and multiple data items to be reported (7 distinct data categories plus complaint subitems) (s17)","Several discretionary or subjective standards (\"as soon as practicable\", \"reasonable efforts\", \"where possible\", \"reasonably believes\") increasing interpretive complexity for institutions (ss6(1), 11(1)(b), 11(3), 12(3), 12(4), 12(5))"],"plain_english_summary":"**What this instrument does (mechanically)\n\n- Establishes a procedural framework for \"direct personal responses\" — personal contact from an institution to a survivor of institutional child sexual abuse — as part of the National Redress Scheme (the Framework) (title, s3).\n- Requires the Scheme Operator to give a survivor contact details for a responsible institution and tell the survivor to contact that institution to start the direct personal response process when the survivor has indicated they want one (s5).\n- Sets out how institutions must arrange, deliver and record direct personal responses, including acceptable methods (face‑to‑face, written or other agreed methods), timeliness, confirmation in writing and obligations about who can speak for the institution and what qualities they should have (ss6–11).\n- Makes participation voluntary for survivors and allows them (and others involved) to delay, withdraw or stop the process if it would risk health or safety; requires institutions to try to reschedule or offer alternatives where reasonable (s12).\n- Lists circumstances in which an institution is not required to provide a direct personal response (for example, where the survivor did not request one before the Scheme sunset day, the survivor withdrew, or the survivor already received one) but allows institutions to provide one regardless (s13).\n- Provides special rules where an institution is defunct, and where a government body is acting as \"funder of last resort\" for a defunct non‑government institution (s14).\n- Requires post‑interaction follow up: institutions must seek feedback, maintain a complaints process and make six‑monthly reports to the Operator on volumes, types, timing, use of facilitators and complaint outcomes (ss15–17).\n\nWho is affected\n\n- Survivors who have accepted a redress offer and chose in their acceptance document to request a direct personal response from a specified responsible institution (s5; note on Act s42(2)(g)).\n- \"Responsible institutions\" — those the Operator has determined are responsible for a survivor's abuse (definitions, cross‑referencing the Act, s4).\n- The Scheme Operator, which must provide contact details to survivors (s5).\n\nKey operational rules and rights\n\n- The survivor chooses the institution (by naming it in their acceptance) and must contact the institution to start the process (s5).\n- Institutions must give responses as soon as practicable, taking account of the survivor's suitability and readiness (s6(1)). The content of a direct personal response is set out in the Act (apology, acknowledgement, assurance about preventive steps, meeting with a senior official) (Act s54(2) note to s6).\n- Institutions must pay all costs associated with the direct personal response (s11(d)).\n- Confidentiality is required for all aspects of the direct personal response unless all participants agree to disclosure or a threat to life/health/safety arises (s11(1)(f)–(2)). Where disclosure is required it must be proportionate (s11(3)).\n- Institutions must allow, where possible, survivor choice among representatives by gender, cultural background and other relevant traits (s10(1)) and consider seniority, empathy and relevant skills when selecting a representative (s10(2)).\n\nOfficial purpose claims and practical effects\n\n- The Framework implements the Act's policy to give survivors a personal avenue for acknowledgment and institutional engagement (Act s54(2), noted in s6). The instrument translates that policy into operational steps: who starts the interaction (the survivor), what institutions must do to prepare and deliver, confidentiality safeguards, and how performance is reported (ss5–11, 15–17).\n\nCosts, incentives and trade‑offs (concrete mechanisms)\n\n- Who pays: the responsible institution must pay the direct personal response costs (s11(d)). That imposes a direct financial and staff‑time cost on institutions that receive requests.\n- Who decides: survivors decide whether to request a direct personal response and choose the institution in their acceptance document; the Operator decides which institutions are \"responsible\" (definitions referencing the Act, s4). Institutions control practical arrangements, choice of representative (subject to \"where possible\" and selection criteria) and whether to offer alternate methods or resume a stopped process (ss6, 10, 12).\n- Incentives: institutions bear cost and reputational exposure from giving direct personal responses; partly‑participating institutions are not covered by the Act's civil‑liability release (note to s6), which can affect their legal risk calculus when agreeing to engage.\n- Compliance and administrative burden: institutions must create and communicate processes for arranging responses and for handling complaints, provide written confirmation of arrangements, keep records to satisfy six‑monthly reporting to the Operator (ss9, 11, 16, 17). That creates predictable administrative costs and ongoing reporting obligations.\n- Implementation risks and opportunity costs: smaller or defunct institutions may lack appropriate senior staff or representatives to meet survivor preferences (s14); institutions may need to train staff in trauma‑informed practice and cultural awareness (note to s10), which requires resources.\n\nEffects on private choice and market‑relevant considerations\n\n- The Framework affects private and non‑government institutions that participate in the Scheme by adding a non‑monetary obligation (to offer personal responses) and associated costs (s11(d), ss6–11). It does not prescribe monetary compensation levels (those are in the Act and Scheme rules), but it imposes process obligations that can influence institutions' staffing, training and communications budgets.\n- There is no direct effect on competition, prices or contract freedom in general commercial markets; the principal economic effects are administrative/resourcing costs for participating institutions and potential legal‑risk considerations where civil‑liability release does not apply (note to s6).\n\nConcentrated benefits, diffuse costs and potential unintended consequences (mechanisms, not labels)\n\n- Concentrated benefits: survivors who request and receive a direct personal response obtain acknowledgement and individual engagement (Act s54(2) note). The benefit is narrow and targeted.\n- Diffuse costs: participating institutions (public and private) bear the administrative and delivery costs; where many survivors request responses, that could be a material budgeting item for institutions that are responsible for multiple claims (ss11, 17).\n- Substitution and practical effects: face‑to‑face meetings may include other survivors if all agree (s8(2)), which can change how institutions plan and resource delivery; partly‑participating or defunct institutions may not provide responses or may only provide them on limited bases (s14), potentially shifting demand to other institutions or to written responses.\n\nImplementation and oversight\n\n- The Operator receives six‑monthly returns from institutions (s17) and is the decision‑maker on institutional responsibility (definition referencing Act s29). Institutions must have complaint handling and feedback processes and make \"reasonable efforts\" to consider feedback and complaints (ss15–16).\n\nSummary statement\n\nFunctionally, the Framework turns statutory policy into an operational checklist: how survivors request personal engagement, what institutions must do (including paying costs and protecting confidentiality), when institutions are not required to act, and how institutions must report and be accountable for delivery (ss5–17). It assigns costs to institutions, choices to survivors, and oversight to the Operator, while building in trauma‑informed and cultural sensitivity considerations (s11; note to s10)."},"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"A positive credit balance is required for all requests, including BYOK, so fallback providers remain available. Add credits at https://vercel.com/d?to=%2F%5Bteam%5D%2F%7E%2Fai%3Fmodal%3Dtop-up to continue.","source":"analysis-cron"},"kimi_summary":{"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":4,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"The legislation remains tightly focused on its original purpose: establishing procedural requirements for direct personal responses as a component of the National Redress Scheme. The scope covers exactly what the title suggests — the framework for delivering face-to-face or written apologies and acknowledgements to survivors. There is no significant mission creep or expansion beyond this specific remedial mechanism."},"complexity_factors":["Moderate cross-referencing to the parent Act (National Redress Scheme for Institutional Child Sexual Abuse Act 2018) with 8+ explicit section references","Nested conditional logic in section 13 (5 separate circumstances where response not required, plus an overriding exception in subsection 2)","Multiple defined terms that rely on determinations made under the parent Act (e.g., 'responsible institution' depends on Operator determinations under section 29)","Dual categorisation system requiring understanding of participating vs partly-participating institutions, and defunct vs operating institutions","Conditional confidentiality provisions with two explicit exceptions in section 11(2)","Reporting obligations requiring specific data collection across 7 categories with defined 6-month periods"],"plain_english_summary":"This Framework sets rules for delivering the National Redress Scheme’s \"direct personal response\" — face‑to‑face apologies, acknowledgements and meetings for survivors of institutional child sexual abuse. It binds responsible institutions and independent facilitators to survivor‑centred, trauma‑informed processes: follow survivor preferences, protect safety and confidentiality, avoid re‑questioning, cover costs, and allow cultural/gender representation.\n\nIt also sets reporting, complaint handling and time limits, and limits obligations for defunct‑institution funding arrangements."}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/national-redress-scheme-for-institutional-child-sexual-abuse-direct-personal-response-framework-2018","history":"/api/acts/national-redress-scheme-for-institutional-child-sexual-abuse-direct-personal-response-framework-2018/history","analysis":"/api/acts/national-redress-scheme-for-institutional-child-sexual-abuse-direct-personal-response-framework-2018/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/national-redress-scheme-for-institutional-child-sexual-abuse-direct-personal-response-framework-2018/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/national-redress-scheme-for-institutional-child-sexual-abuse-direct-personal-response-framework-2018/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/national-redress-scheme-for-institutional-child-sexual-abuse-direct-personal-response-framework-2018/documents"}}