{"id":"F2026L00235","name":"National Measurement (Recognized-Value Standard of Measurement of Position) Determination 2026","slug":"national-measurement-recognized-value-standard-of-measurement-of-position-determination-2026","collection":"legislative_instrument","jurisdiction":"commonwealth","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":443184,"registerId":"F2026L00235-fast-fetch-1775958088075","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-12","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"National Measurement (Recognized-Value Standard of Measurement of Position) Determination 2026","content":"---\nmeta-content-style-type: text/css\nmeta-content-type: application/xhtml+xml; charset=utf-8\n---\n\n?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?>\n\n![Commonwealth Coat of Arms of Australia](image.001.jpeg)\n\n \n\nNational Measurement (Recognized-Value Standard of Measurement of Position) Determination 2026\n\nI, Dr Victoria Anne Coleman, Chief Metrologist, National Measurement Institute, make the following determination.\n\nDated  9 March 2026 \n\n \n\nDr Victoria Anne Coleman\n\nChief Metrologist\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\nContents\n\n1  Name\n\n2  Commencement\n\n3  Authority\n\n4  Schedules\n\n5  Definitions\n\n6  Recognized-value standards of measurement in the Australian Fiducial Network\n\n7  Calculation of global Cartesian coordinates at an epoch t years\n\nSchedule 1—Recognized-value standards of measurement in the Australian Fiducial Network\n\nSchedule 2—Repeals\n\nNational Measurement (Recognized-Value Standard of Measurement of Position) Determination 2017\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n1  Name\n\n  This instrument is the National Measurement (Recognized-Value Standard of Measurement of Position) Determination 2026.\n\n2  Commencement\n\n1.     Each provision of this instrument specified in column 1 of the table commences, or is taken to have commenced, in accordance with column 2 of the table. Any other statement in column 2 has effect according to its terms.\n\n\n \n\n- Commencement information\n- Column 1 Column 2 Column 3\n- Provisions Commencement Date/Details\n- The whole of this instrument The day after this instrument is registered.\n\n\nNote: This table relates only to the provisions of this instrument as originally made. It will not be amended to deal with any later amendments of this instrument.\n\n1.     Any information in column 3 of the table is not part of this instrument. Information may be inserted in this column, or information in it may be edited, in any published version of this instrument.\n\n\n3  Authority\n\n  This instrument is made under paragraphs 8A(1)(a) and (b) of the National Measurement Act 1960.\n\n4  Schedules\n\n  Each instrument that is specified in a Schedule to this instrument is amended or repealed as set out in the applicable items in the Schedule concerned, and any other item in a Schedule to this instrument has effect according to its terms.\n\n5  Definitions\n\nNote: Recognized-value standard of measurement is defined in the Act.\n\n  In this instrument:\n\nAct means the National Measurement Act 1960.\n\nReference Ellipsoid means the Geodetic Reference System 1980 (GRS80) ellipsoid with a semi-major axis (a) of 6 378 137 metres exactly and an inverse flattening (1/f) of 298.257 222 101.\n\nNote: The Geodetic Reference System 1980 could in 2026 be viewed on the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) website (http://www.iugg.org).\n\nReference Epoch means 2020.0.\n\nReference Frame means the Geocentric Datum of Australia 2020 (GDA2020) realised by the coordinates of the Australian Fiducial Network (AFN) geodetic stations, referred to in Schedule 1 of this instrument, in the International Terrestrial Reference Frame 2014 (ITRF2014) at the Reference Epoch.\n\nNote 1: The Geocentric Datum of Australia 2020 could in 2026 be viewed on the Intergovernmental Committee on Surveying and Mapping’s website (http://www.icsm.gov.au).\n\nNote 2: The International Terrestrial Reference Frame 2014 (ITRF2014) could in 2026 be viewed on the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service’s (IERS) website (https://www.iers.org).\n\n6  Recognized-value standards of measurement in the Australian Fiducial Network\n\n1.     The positions listed in Schedule 1 and in the stated Reference Ellipsoid and Reference Frame are recognized-value standards of measurement of the physical quantity position for geodetic stations in the Australian Fiducial Network (AFN).\n2.     Uncertainties listed in Schedule 1 are such that X±u(X) represents a 95% confidence interval, and similarly for the other quantities.\n3.     For conversion from global Cartesian coordinates to latitude, longitude and ellipsoidal height the Reference Ellipsoid must be used.\n\n\n7  Calculation of global Cartesian coordinates at an epoch t years\n\n  Global Cartesian coordinates of the AFN can be expressed at an epoch t (years) through the application of the following linear model using the coordinates   (X, Y, Z) and velocities (VX, VY, VZ) listed in Schedule 1:\n\n![A formula to work out Global Cartesian coordinates of the Australian Fiducial Network in a specific year based on the 2020 Reference Epoch.

Start formula open brackets coordinates x, y, z close brackets subscript t is equal to open brackets coordinates x, y, z close brackets subscript 2020 plus open brackets t minus 2020 close brackets times open brackets velocities V subscript x, V subscript y, V subscript z close brackets end formula](image.002.png)\n\n  This model is valid for 15 years either side of the Reference Epoch:\n\n![Start formula absolute value of t minus 2020 is less than or equal to 15 end formula](image.003.png)\n\n \n\n \n\nSchedule 1—Recognized-value standards of measurement in the Australian Fiducial Network\n\nNote: See sections 6 and 7.\n\n- Coordinates (m) at 2020.0 Coordinate Uncertainty (m) Velocity (m / year) Velocity Uncertainty (m / year)\n- Site Location X Y Z u(X) u(Y) u(Z) VX VY VZ u(VX) u(VY) u(VZ)\n- ALBY Albany (WA) -2441715.0069 4629128.6252 -3633362.7887 0.0074 0.0099 0.0086 -0.0479 0.0122 0.0478 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- ALIC Alice Springs (NT) -4052052.7302 4212835.9748 -2545104.5831 0.0090 0.0092 0.0074 -0.0393 -0.0052 0.0540 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- ANDA Andamooka (SA) -4035145.8307 3741808.3885 -3213842.4354 0.0090 0.0086 0.0080 -0.0403 -0.0002 0.0504 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- ARMC Aramac (QLD) -4827919.3157 3349814.0124 -2472422.8941 0.0099 0.0082 0.0073 -0.0338 -0.0102 0.0521 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- ARUB Arubiddy (WA) -3183133.7002 4393393.4391 -3342516.9223 0.0080 0.0094 0.0082 -0.0449 0.0057 0.0503 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- BALA Balladonia (WA) -3002034.1395 4472882.6983 -3403723.4869 0.0078 0.0095 0.0082 -0.0457 0.0073 0.0498 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- BBOO Buckleboo (SA) -3863896.2349 3723681.6369 -3436456.0070 0.0088 0.0086 0.0083 -0.0415 0.0024 0.0493 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- BDLE Bairnsdale (VIC) -4265638.5652 2701208.9094 -3884372.5738 0.0093 0.0076 0.0088 -0.0381 0.0034 0.0442 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- BDVL Birdsville (QLD) -4355739.6505 3740194.4976 -2769171.5072 0.0095 0.0087 0.0076 -0.0378 -0.0053 0.0523 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- BEEC Beechworth (VIC) -4297030.4464 2827160.2334 -3759485.1825 0.0093 0.0077 0.0087 -0.0381 0.0023 0.0453 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- BING Bingleburra (NSW) -4743762.8139 2559346.3071 -3399327.9162 0.0100 0.0074 0.0083 -0.0345 -0.0030 0.0459 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- BKNL Broken Hill (NSW) -4235701.4662 3372839.2025 -3360245.2633 0.0092 0.0082 0.0082 -0.0390 -0.0003 0.0489 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- BNDY Bundaberg (QLD) -5125977.5390 2688801.2426 -2669890.2119 0.0103 0.0075 0.0075 -0.0311 -0.0105 0.0490 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- BRO1 Broome (WA) -3234208.1599 5134028.8351 -1958815.1916 0.0081 0.0103 0.0069 -0.0413 -0.0047 0.0560 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n- BROC Bald Rock (VIC) -4188591.0815 3020461.0265 -3731086.9242 0.0091 0.0078 0.0086 -0.0391 0.0027 0.0461 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- BULA Boulia (QLD) -4496431.9245 3785936.3897 -2467980.4016 0.0096 0.0087 0.0073 -0.0363 -0.0083 0.0534 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- BUR2 Burnie (TAS) -3989420.9215 2699532.9304 -4166619.7797 0.0089 0.0075 0.0091 -0.0397 0.0070 0.0426 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- BURA Burakin (WA) -2511499.0855 4892172.2034 -3220858.0246 0.0074 0.0100 0.0081 -0.0471 0.0088 0.0501 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n- CEDU Ceduna (SA) -3753473.1872 3912741.0205 -3347959.6921 0.0087 0.0089 0.0082 -0.0421 0.0024 0.0501 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- CNBN Coonabarabran (NSW) -4687675.6179 2786705.8947 -3297865.3727 0.0098 0.0076 0.0081 -0.0352 -0.0034 0.0472 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- COEN Coen (QLD) -4956013.1036 3710714.3468 -1528615.7380 0.0103 0.0087 0.0066 -0.0305 -0.0179 0.0555 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- COOB Coober Pedy (SA) -3927330.9443 3965547.9475 -3077376.8157 0.0088 0.0089 0.0079 -0.0409 -0.0006 0.0514 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- COOL Cooladdi (QLD) -4707740.5446 3213770.3694 -2852875.4108 0.0098 0.0080 0.0077 -0.0352 -0.0068 0.0504 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- DARW Manton Dam (NT) -4091359.6148 4684606.4218 -1408579.1254 0.0090 0.0097 0.0065 -0.0355 -0.0137 0.0576 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n- DODA Douglas Daly (NT) -4079102.7018 4661682.9365 -1515238.0226 0.0091 0.0098 0.0066 -0.0360 -0.0128 0.0574 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n- EDSV Eidsvold (QLD) -5049378.8592 2785132.1442 -2716869.1226 0.0103 0.0076 0.0076 -0.0319 -0.0097 0.0493 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- ESPA Esperance (WA) -2800842.3541 4500734.2979 -3534898.1960 0.0077 0.0096 0.0084 -0.0466 0.0094 0.0489 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- EXMT Exmouth (WA) -2417814.5433 5401707.5243 -2370380.3107 0.0073 0.0107 0.0072 -0.0452 0.0031 0.0533 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n- FLND Flinders Island (TAS) -4147112.4634 2567153.7540 -4096196.5850 0.0092 0.0074 0.0091 -0.0385 0.0056 0.0425 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- GABO Gabo Island (VIC) -4379911.9505 2537393.8598 -3867574.2185 0.0094 0.0074 0.0088 -0.0370 0.0026 0.0436 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- GASC Gascoyne Junction (WA) -2482748.2777 5243145.5473 -2642213.9905 0.0073 0.0105 0.0075 -0.0459 0.0047 0.0525 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n- HERN Hernani (NSW) -4887853.3623 2545879.9366 -3202305.1046 0.0100 0.0074 0.0080 -0.0333 -0.0053 0.0466 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- HNIS Horn Island (QLD) -4960946.6456 3834778.7962 -1164513.3366 0.0102 0.0088 0.0064 -0.0291 -0.0205 0.0564 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- HOB2 Hobart (TAS) -3950072.2570 2522415.3611 -4311637.4091 0.0089 0.0074 0.0094 -0.0395 0.0083 0.0411 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- HUGH Hughenden (QLD) -4833918.6850 3485758.7286 -2266147.6178 0.0100 0.0083 0.0071 -0.0334 -0.0118 0.0532 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- HYDN Hyden (WA) -2603131.0877 4717143.4754 -3402748.0682 0.0075 0.0098 0.0083 -0.0471 0.0096 0.0493 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n- IHOE Ivanhoe (NSW) -4310476.3570 3190508.6579 -3441393.5481 0.0093 0.0080 0.0083 -0.0384 -0.0001 0.0480 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- JAB2 Jabiru (NT) -4236472.9735 4559859.3699 -1388764.0445 0.0092 0.0096 0.0065 -0.0347 -0.0147 0.0576 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n- JERV Jervois (NT) -4237233.1353 4077484.9767 -2462642.0020 0.0092 0.0090 0.0073 -0.0380 -0.0068 0.0540 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- JLCK Julia Creek (QLD) -4687826.4421 3697044.2729 -2237232.1638 0.0098 0.0086 0.0071 -0.0345 -0.0111 0.0539 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- KALG Kalgoorlie (WA) -2862346.1912 4678388.0852 -3245553.1351 0.0077 0.0098 0.0081 -0.0460 0.0069 0.0505 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n- KARR Harding River Dam (WA) -2713833.2660 5303935.1019 -2269513.7533 0.0076 0.0106 0.0072 -0.0441 0.0007 0.0542 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n- KAT1 Katherine (NT) -4147413.8206 4581462.5873 -1573359.0836 0.0091 0.0096 0.0066 -0.0358 -0.0128 0.0572 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n- KELN Kellerberrin (WA) -2527265.3660 4813192.3549 -3324975.6980 0.0074 0.0100 0.0082 -0.0473 0.0095 0.0496 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n- KGIS King Island (TAS) -3953946.8775 2888865.8558 -4073040.9378 0.0089 0.0077 0.0090 -0.0403 0.0066 0.0438 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- KILK Kilkivan (QLD) -5073245.0938 2668929.5655 -2787555.0293 0.0108 0.0078 0.0079 -0.0316 -0.0094 0.0486 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- KMAN Kidman Springs (NT) -4017486.2113 4628837.9292 -1759281.7852 0.0090 0.0097 0.0068 -0.0372 -0.0107 0.0568 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n- LAMB Lambina (SA) -3957272.6872 4088878.0654 -2872293.9152 0.0089 0.0090 0.0077 -0.0404 -0.0022 0.0525 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- LARR Larrimah (NT) -4208011.6687 4479077.7663 -1701337.7296 0.0093 0.0096 0.0067 -0.0360 -0.0122 0.0568 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n- LIAW Liawenee (TAS) -3973071.4786 2612492.7887 -4238233.8895 0.0089 0.0074 0.0092 -0.0396 0.0077 0.0418 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- LKYA Larrakeyah (NT) -4072230.1635 4713609.1661 -1366659.3444 0.0092 0.0100 0.0066 -0.0354 -0.0139 0.0577 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n- LONA Leonora (WA) -2905528.2209 4775175.2249 -3062280.3719 0.0077 0.0099 0.0079 -0.0455 0.0053 0.0515 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n- LORD Lord Howe Island (NSW) -5082756.5671 1944860.6757 -3315203.5923 0.0103 0.0069 0.0082 -0.0304 -0.0056 0.0433 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- LURA Laura (QLD) -5000453.3877 3572456.4693 -1701780.3250 0.0103 0.0085 0.0067 -0.0307 -0.0169 0.0547 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- MAIN Mainoru (NT) -4306320.1817 4444883.0423 -1537980.0664 0.0094 0.0096 0.0066 -0.0348 -0.0140 0.0571 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- MEDO Meadow (WA) -2373305.7874 5181466.1932 -2854287.0695 0.0072 0.0104 0.0077 -0.0467 0.0069 0.0514 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n- MOBS Melbourne (VIC) -4130636.7587 2894953.1439 -3890530.2422 0.0091 0.0077 0.0088 -0.0393 0.0042 0.0448 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- MRO1 Murchison (WA) -2556630.0452 5097138.2832 -2848384.7855 0.0074 0.0103 0.0077 -0.0462 0.0058 0.0518 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n- MTCV Mt Cavanagh (NT) -3929412.1239 4183417.4521 -2773890.6211 0.0088 0.0091 0.0076 -0.0404 -0.0028 0.0530 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- MTDN Mt Doreen (NT) -3916571.9704 4428011.7727 -2388294.0762 0.0090 0.0096 0.0073 -0.0396 -0.0055 0.0548 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n- MTEM Mt Emu (VIC) -4065544.7591 3013958.9728 -3869590.3360 0.0090 0.0078 0.0088 -0.0398 0.0044 0.0453 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- MTMA Mt Magnet (WA) -2629526.8957 4978260.9480 -2987965.8486 0.0075 0.0101 0.0078 -0.0463 0.0064 0.0514 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n- MULG Mulgathing (SA) -3833528.0739 3961621.4026 -3197513.8711 0.0087 0.0089 0.0080 -0.0415 0.0009 0.0509 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- NBRK North Bourke (NSW) -4587935.4009 3116314.3027 -3139419.8325 0.0098 0.0080 0.0080 -0.0363 -0.0040 0.0490 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- NCLF Northcliffe (WA) -2311144.1392 4712785.4071 -3611358.5935 0.0072 0.0098 0.0085 -0.0483 0.0128 0.0476 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n- NEBO Nebo (QLD) -5068236.7327 3081711.6339 -2337561.3819 0.0104 0.0080 0.0073 -0.0315 -0.0126 0.0516 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- NHIL Nhill (VIC) -4035390.1183 3193137.6992 -3755906.2058 0.0090 0.0080 0.0087 -0.0402 0.0038 0.0464 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- NMTN Normanton (QLD) -4728960.2852 3819992.9998 -1923811.0895 0.0098 0.0087 0.0069 -0.0334 -0.0137 0.0550 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- NNOR New Norcia (WA) -2414152.3855 4907778.6376 -3270644.2048 0.0073 0.0101 0.0082 -0.0475 0.0097 0.0496 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n- NORF Norfolk Island -5457454.4225 1166108.4412 -3078178.9915 0.0108 0.0064 0.0079 -0.0245 -0.0095 0.0398 0.0001 0.0002 0.0002\n- NORS Norseman (WA) -2844072.6244 4589300.5846 -3385094.4303 0.0077 0.0097 0.0082 -0.0463 0.0080 0.0498 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n- NSTA North Star (NSW) -4854589.1215 2752849.4460 -3078537.4416 0.0100 0.0076 0.0079 -0.0338 -0.0060 0.0479 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- NTJN Neutral Junction (NT) -4123557.7693 4274539.2146 -2318810.9714 0.0091 0.0093 0.0072 -0.0383 -0.0072 0.0548 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- PARK Parkes (NSW) -4554255.2336 2816652.4650 -3454059.7253 0.0107 0.0082 0.0091 -0.0363 -0.0015 0.0467 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- PERT Gnangara (WA) -2368688.0456 4881316.7047 -3341794.9832 0.0072 0.0100 0.0082 -0.0477 0.0105 0.0492 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n- PTHL Port Headland (WA) -2867484.8347 5242158.9035 -2223764.3429 0.0077 0.0105 0.0071 -0.0434 -0.0006 0.0547 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n- PTKL Port Kembla (NSW) -4599806.4409 2558778.9939 -3590075.1047 0.0097 0.0074 0.0085 -0.0356 -0.0008 0.0451 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- PTLD Portland (VIC) -3926098.9150 3110284.5673 -3935497.1023 0.0091 0.0081 0.0091 -0.0408 0.0057 0.0452 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- RAVN Ravensthorpe (WA) -2664852.2548 4602498.8340 -3509390.6903 0.0075 0.0097 0.0084 -0.0471 0.0100 0.0488 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n- RKLD Rocklands (NT) -4445289.3412 4025824.8722 -2164421.6416 0.0096 0.0090 0.0071 -0.0360 -0.0102 0.0549 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- RNSP Renner Springs (NT) -4192073.9964 4368928.5423 -1999279.4611 0.0092 0.0094 0.0069 -0.0370 -0.0100 0.0559 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- RSBY Rosslyn Bay (QLD) -5121089.4327 2863243.2391 -2493143.3267 0.0104 0.0077 0.0073 -0.0311 -0.0118 0.0503 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- SA45 Saltia (SA) -3998750.5689 3608798.4680 -3404651.9501 0.0089 0.0084 0.0082 -0.0407 0.0014 0.0493 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- SPBY Spring Bay (TAS) -3988046.7073 2498705.5337 -4290516.8739 0.0089 0.0073 0.0093 -0.0392 0.0079 0.0411 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- STNY Stony Point (VIC) -4111952.8160 2856387.6346 -3938194.1380 0.0090 0.0077 0.0089 -0.0393 0.0047 0.0444 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- STR1 Mt Stromlo (ACT) -4467103.1956 2683039.4751 -3666948.7513 0.0095 0.0075 0.0086 -0.0367 0.0006 0.0452 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- SYDN Sydney (NSW) -4648240.8652 2560636.4465 -3526317.7944 0.0097 0.0074 0.0084 -0.0352 -0.0015 0.0453 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- TBOB Tibooburra (NSW) -4383698.8936 3417850.9261 -3117538.7725 0.0095 0.0083 0.0080 -0.0379 -0.0029 0.0501 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- THEV Thevanard (SA) -3735034.6279 3908923.6964 -3372521.9614 0.0086 0.0088 0.0082 -0.0422 0.0027 0.0499 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- TID1 Tidbinbilla (ACT) -4460996.9668 2682557.0868 -3674442.6413 0.0095 0.0075 0.0086 -0.0368 0.0007 0.0452 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- TMBO Tambo (QLD) -4820440.5618 3216767.7580 -2656380.4408 0.0101 0.0081 0.0075 -0.0341 -0.0088 0.0511 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- TOMP Tom Price (WA) -2706524.4913 5221344.9493 -2461226.3836 0.0075 0.0104 0.0073 -0.0447 0.0021 0.0536 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n- TOOW Toowoomba (QLD) -4994482.4986 2663617.9997 -2931171.1620 0.0105 0.0076 0.0079 -0.0324 -0.0079 0.0481 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- TOW2 Cape Ferguson (QLD) -5054583.3999 3275504.1101 -2091538.4718 0.0102 0.0081 0.0070 -0.0312 -0.0143 0.0529 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- TURO Tuross Head (NSW) -4477434.2833 2572331.0862 -3731376.5990 0.0095 0.0074 0.0086 -0.0365 0.0010 0.0444 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- UCLA Eucla (WA) -3410392.1866 4229088.8851 -3330284.3855 0.0083 0.0092 0.0082 -0.0439 0.0043 0.0504 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- WAGN Wagin (WA) -2455774.3654 4735625.3818 -3485038.1974 0.0073 0.0098 0.0083 -0.0477 0.0110 0.0486 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n- WALH Walhallow (NT) -4344184.0483 4247715.9732 -1934909.3909 0.0094 0.0092 0.0069 -0.0360 -0.0113 0.0559 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- WARA Warakurna (WA) -3583757.5893 4538446.7010 -2683056.6941 0.0084 0.0096 0.0075 -0.0420 -0.0014 0.0537 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n- WILU Wiluna (WA) -2871830.1246 4930661.0471 -2841419.6644 0.0077 0.0100 0.0077 -0.0452 0.0039 0.0524 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n- WLAL Wallal (WA) -3060306.4372 5165740.4714 -2144656.6193 0.0079 0.0104 0.0070 -0.0425 -0.0023 0.0552 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n- WMGA Warramunga (NT) -4193700.6398 4289270.2735 -2160904.9452 0.0091 0.0092 0.0070 -0.0375 -0.0088 0.0553 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- WWLG West Wylong (NSW) -4471091.7745 2868001.2848 -3519326.3644 0.0096 0.0077 0.0084 -0.0370 -0.0005 0.0466 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- XMIS Christmas Island -1696344.7528 6039590.0083 -1149275.0885 0.0067 0.0116 0.0064 -0.0419 -0.0016 0.0538 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n- YAR2 Yarragadee (WA) -2389026.6188 5043317.0570 -3078529.5594 0.0073 0.0102 0.0079 -0.0472 0.0085 0.0505 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n- YEEL Yeelana (SA) -3787467.5340 3685160.4413 -3559786.1632 0.0087 0.0085 0.0084 -0.0420 0.0038 0.0486 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002\n- YELO Yellowdine (WA) -2698549.7699 4741476.9428 -3293657.2562 0.0075 0.0098 0.0081 -0.0467 0.0082 0.0501 0.0002 0.0001 0.0002\n\n\n \n\n \n\nSchedule 2—Repeals\n\nNational Measurement (Recognized-Value Standard of Measurement of Position) Determination 2017\n\n1  The whole of the determination\n\nRepeal the determination.\n\n \n\n \n","sortOrder":0}],"analysis":{"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":4,"scope_assessment":{"changed":true,"description":"This Determination replaces the earlier National Measurement (Recognized-Value Standard of Measurement of Position) Determination 2017 in full (Schedule 2) and provides an updated list of AFN station coordinates, uncertainties and velocities at Reference Epoch 2020.0 (Schedule 1). It therefore updates the numeric standards, fixes the Reference Epoch as 2020.0 and prescribes a linear propagation model valid ±15 years (sections 5–7 and Schedules 1–2). The change is an update of the recognized-value dataset and the propagation convention rather than an expansion of legal scope beyond the AFN positions set out in Schedule 1."},"complexity_factors":["Technical content: large table of numerical Cartesian coordinates, uncertainties and three-component velocities for many sites (Schedule 1).","Temporal propagation: linear epoch-propagation model with an explicit ±15-year validity window (section 7).","Reference system coupling: multiple defined reference items (Reference Ellipsoid GRS80, Reference Epoch 2020.0, Reference Frame = GDA2020 realised in ITRF2014) that must be used together for conversions (section 5 and section 6(3)).","Legal mechanism: designation of \"recognized-value\" standards under the National Measurement Act 1960; instrument-making power vested in Chief Metrologist (section 3).","Operational interoperability: requirement to use specified ellipsoid for conversions imposes software/processing constraints (section 6(3)).","Replaces prior instrument entirely (Schedule 2), requiring a full transition for users of the earlier standard."],"plain_english_summary":"## What this instrument does, in plain terms\n\n- Mechanically, the Determination declares a specific set of geodetic station coordinates, their uncertainties and velocities as the official \"recognized-value\" standards for position in the Australian Fiducial Network (AFN). The full list of stations, their Cartesian coordinates (X, Y, Z) at the reference epoch 2020.0, their 95% uncertainty values and their velocities (VX, VY, VZ) with uncertainties is in Schedule 1 (see Schedule 1). (See sections 6 and 7.)\n\n- The Determination also sets the reference geometry to be used when converting between Cartesian coordinates and latitude/longitude/ellipsoidal height: the GRS80 ellipsoid (the Reference Ellipsoid) and the Reference Frame as GDA2020 realised by AFN coordinates in ITRF2014 at epoch 2020.0 (see section 5 definitions and section 6(3)).\n\n- It prescribes the formula to compute a station’s global Cartesian coordinates at an arbitrary epoch t (in years) from the listed 2020 coordinates and velocities using a simple linear model: coordinates_t = coordinates_2020 + (t − 2020) × velocities. That linear model is declared valid only for |t − 2020| ≤ 15 years (section 7 and Schedule 1). (So the model covers years from 2005.0 through 2035.0.)\n\n- The instrument is made by the Chief Metrologist under the National Measurement Act 1960 (section 3) and, by operation of Schedule 2, it repeals the prior 2017 Determination (Schedule 2).\n\n\nWho decides and who pays\n\n- Decision maker: the Chief Metrologist of the National Measurement Institute makes the determination under the authority granted in the Act (section 3). The instrument itself specifies the recognized-value standards and the mathematical model (sections 6–7 and Schedule 1).\n\n- Who bears costs: users and system operators who rely on the AFN as the recognized-value standard (for example, surveying firms, mapping agencies, GIS and GNSS software suppliers, infrastructure owners and any party that relies on legally recognized positional values) will bear the direct costs of adopting the updated coordinates, updating software, reprocessing datasets, and adjusting workflows to the 2020.0 epoch and the linear velocity model (Schedules 1 and 7). The instrument imposes no explicit funding mechanism; it simply sets the standards that users are expected to adopt.\n\n\nWhy the Determination matters (official purpose-claim and mechanical effects)\n\n- Official purpose-claim: by designating specific coordinates and a propagation model it provides a single, authoritative set of position values to be treated as recognized-value standards for the AFN. This is intended to give legal and technical certainty for positional measurements that refer to that standard (sections 6 and 7). That claim is made by the instrument itself; the Act defines the legal meaning of \"recognized-value standard\" (see section 5 note).\n\n- Mechanical effects to report and test: the Determination reduces ambiguity about which numerical coordinates and conventions are the recognized standard by (a) listing explicit Cartesian coordinates, (b) listing velocities for linear temporal propagation, (c) fixing the reference ellipsoid and epoch, and (d) specifying the epoch validity window (sections 5–7 and Schedule 1). These mechanics change the inputs used in surveying, geospatial data products and legal metrology for position.\n\n\nPractical trade-offs, risks and implementation points (source-based)\n\n- Time-limited linear model: the model in section 7 is linear in time and explicitly limited to ±15 years from the Reference Epoch. Relying on the linear model outside that window is inconsistent with the Determination (section 7). The model’s simplicity lowers computational burden but assumes station motion behaves approximately linearly over the validity window; non-linear site motion (if present) would not be captured by the model in this instrument (section 7 and Schedule 1). This is an implementation risk to users who need higher-precision long-term predictions.\n\n- Uncertainty statement: Schedule 1 provides numeric uncertainty values and states these are 95% confidence intervals (section 6(2) and Schedule 1). Users who must demonstrate compliance with a measurement tolerance should use these uncertainties as the instrument’s stated precision bounds.\n\n- Conversion rule: section 6(3) requires conversion between Cartesian and geographic coordinates to use the stated Reference Ellipsoid (GRS80). That prescribes a specific algorithmic step and imposes a minimal interoperability requirement on software and workflows.\n\n- Administrative discretion: the instrument is an exercise of the Chief Metrologist’s power under the Act (section 3). The Determination sets the standards; it does not, within the text provided, lay out procedures for dispute, amendment, or operational delivery beyond listing the numerical values and the model (see sections 3, 6–7 and Schedules).\n\n- Transition and update costs: because the instrument repeals the 2017 Determination in full (Schedule 2), organisations using the older recognized values must transition to the new listed values and model. The direct costs are those of software updates, data reprocessing, and staff time to migrate (Schedule 2; Schedule 1).\n\n- Concentration of benefit and diffusion of cost: the primary beneficiaries of the update are users who rely on the AFN recognized values for consistent legal/technical referencing (surveyors, mapping authorities). The costs of updating are dispersed across all users who must adopt the new figures. The instrument itself does not create a subsidy or fee; it declares the authoritative numbers (sections 6, Schedule 1, Schedule 2).\n\n\nConcrete behavioural changes required of users\n\n- Replace any previously used AFN recognized coordinates and velocities with the numbers in Schedule 1 when a user needs the legally recognized values (section 6(1) and Schedule 1).\n\n- When converting to latitude/longitude/ellipsoidal height, use the Reference Ellipsoid (GRS80) specified (section 6(3)).\n\n- If computing coordinates at a year t, apply the linear propagation formula in section 7, but only for t within 15 years of 2020.0.\n\n\nReference points in the instrument\n\n- Authority and maker: section 3.\n- Definitions (Reference Ellipsoid, Reference Epoch, Reference Frame): section 5.\n- Designation of recognized-value standards and uncertainty rule: section 6 (and Schedule 1 for the numeric list).\n- Linear propagation model and validity window: section 7.\n- Numeric list of stations, coordinates, uncertainties and velocities: Schedule 1.\n- Repeal of the 2017 Determination: Schedule 2.\n\n"},"kimi_summary":{"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":4,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"The legislation maintains its original narrow technical purpose—establishing recognised-value standards for position measurement. While it updates the specific coordinates and reference frame from GDA94 to GDA2020, and expands the number of stations, it has not grown beyond its original scope of providing legal metrology standards for geodetic positioning."},"complexity_factors":["Technical mathematical content: Contains coordinate transformation formulas and 15-year validity constraints requiring geodetic expertise to interpret","Dense tabular data: Schedule 1 contains 134 rows of precise numerical coordinates with 12 data columns per station (X, Y, Z coordinates, uncertainties, velocities, and velocity uncertainties)","Specialised terminology: Uses geodetic terms like 'Reference Ellipsoid', 'Geocentric Datum', 'Fiducial Network', and 'International Terrestrial Reference Frame' without lay definitions","Cross-referenced standards: References external technical standards (GRS80 ellipsoid, ITRF2014) that are incorporated by reference rather than defined in the text","Temporal calculation requirements: Section 7 requires users to apply linear interpolation formulas to account for tectonic plate movement over time"],"plain_english_summary":"This legislation sets the official, legally recognised reference points for measuring position across Australia. It establishes precise coordinates for 134 geodetic stations (surveying reference points) in the Australian Fiducial Network, which surveyors, map-makers, GPS systems, and engineers rely on to ensure their measurements align with a common standard.\n\n**What it does:**\n- **Defines the legal standard for 'position'** by listing exact coordinates (X, Y, Z) for fixed ground stations across Australia, from Christmas Island to Norfolk Island.\n- **Updates the reference frame** to the Geocentric Datum of Australia 2020 (GDA2020), replacing the 2017 determination.\n- **Accounts for continental drift** by including velocity data—Australia moves north-east about 7 centimetres per year, so the legislation provides a mathematical formula to calculate accurate positions for dates between 2005 and 2035.\n\n**Who it affects:**\n- Surveyors and cartographers creating property boundaries or maps\n- Mining and construction companies requiring precise positioning\n- GPS and navigation system developers\n- Government agencies managing land titles and infrastructure\n\n**Why it matters:**\nWithout these legally recognised standards, two surveyors measuring the same land could get different results. This ensures consistency for property rights, construction safety, and national infrastructure projects. It repeals the 2017 version to reflect improved measurement accuracy and Australia's ongoing tectonic movement."},"summary":{"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":1,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"The instrument updates the numerical position standards for the Australian Fiducial Network, replacing the 2017 determination. It does not alter the regulatory framework or legal obligations for users; it only provides revised coordinate values."},"complexity_factors":["Technical geodetic terminology","Data tables with coordinates and uncertainties"],"plain_english_summary":"This instrument, made by the Chief Metrologist under the National Measurement Act 1960, sets the official recognised-value standards for measuring position at 109 geodetic stations that make up the Australian Fiducial Network (AFN). It replaces the 2017 determination and is effective from the day after it is registered.\n\nThe determination provides precise three-dimensional Cartesian coordinates (X, Y, Z) for each AFN station, expressed in the Geocentric Datum of Australia 2020 (GDA2020) and realised in the International Terrestrial Reference Frame 2014 (ITRF2014) at the reference epoch 2020.0. Each coordinate is accompanied by an uncertainty (at a 95% confidence level) and a site velocity to account for tectonic movement. There is a formula to calculate coordinates at any epoch within 15 years of 2020, using the listed velocities.\n\nIn practice, these values are the authoritative legal reference for high-accuracy positioning work in Australia. Surveyors, spatial data professionals, and anyone undertaking mapping, navigation, or engineering projects that require a nationally consistent position measurement must rely on the figures in this determination. The coordinates are based on the GRS80 reference ellipsoid, and conversion to latitude, longitude and height is defined in the instrument.\n\nThe repeals schedule confirms the 2017 determination is no longer in force, so users must update their systems to use the 2026 values. No new obligations are created beyond the updated coordinate data."}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/national-measurement-recognized-value-standard-of-measurement-of-position-determination-2026","history":"/api/acts/national-measurement-recognized-value-standard-of-measurement-of-position-determination-2026/history","analysis":"/api/acts/national-measurement-recognized-value-standard-of-measurement-of-position-determination-2026/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/national-measurement-recognized-value-standard-of-measurement-of-position-determination-2026/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/national-measurement-recognized-value-standard-of-measurement-of-position-determination-2026/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/national-measurement-recognized-value-standard-of-measurement-of-position-determination-2026/documents"}}