{"id":"medical-services-traffic-parking-and-general-conduct-by-laws-2017","name":"MEDICAL SERVICES (TRAFFIC, PARKING AND GENERAL CONDUCT) BY-LAWS 2017","slug":"medical-services-traffic-parking-and-general-conduct-by-laws-2017","collection":"regulation","jurisdiction":"nt","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":177001,"registerId":"nt-medical-services-traffic-parking-and-general-conduct-by-laws-2017-current","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-05","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"MEDICAL SERVICES (TRAFFIC, PARKING AND GENERAL CONDUCT) BY-LAWS 2017","content":"NORTHERN TERRITORY OF AUSTRALIA\nMEDICAL SERVICES (TRAFFIC, PARKING AND GENERAL CONDUCT)\nBY-LAWS 2017\nAs in force at 10 August 2017\nTable of provisions\nPart 1 Preliminary matters\n1 Citation ............................................................................................ 1\n2 Definitions ........................................................................................ 1\n3 Application of By-laws ..................................................................... 2\nPart 2 Regulation of traffic and parking\n4 Vehicles within declared premises................................................... 2\n5 Parking areas .................................................................................. 3\n6 Parking permits................................................................................ 3\nPart 3 Conduct generally\n7 Littering ............................................................................................ 4\n8 Glass in certain areas ...................................................................... 4\n9 Throwing objects ............................................................................. 5\n10 Lighting or maintaining fires ............................................................. 6\n11 Interfering with plants ...................................................................... 6\n12 Structures, fixtures and equipment .................................................. 6\n13 Handbills .......................................................................................... 6\n14 Use of sound amplification system .................................................. 7\n15 Possession or consumption of alcoholic beverage or illicit\nsubstance ........................................................................................ 7\n16 Camping prohibited ......................................................................... 8\n17 Animals prohibited ........................................................................... 8\n18 Obstructing staff .............................................................................. 9\n19 Nuisance to others........................................................................... 9\nPart 4 Infringement notices\n20 Infringement notice offence and prescribed amount payable ........ 10\n21 Service of infringement notice ....................................................... 10\n22 Contents of infringement notice ..................................................... 11\n23 Electronic payment and payment by cheque ................................. 12\n24 Withdrawal of infringement notice.................................................. 12\n25 Liability of owner for infringement .................................................. 12\n26 Evidence of ownership of motor vehicle ........................................ 14\n27 Application of Part ......................................................................... 15\n\nMedical Services (Traffic, Parking and General Conduct) By-laws 2017 ii\nPart 5 Administrative matters\n28 Signs erected within declared premises ........................................ 15\n29 Power to require name and address.............................................. 15\n30 Compliance with directions ............................................................ 16\n31 Assistance of police ....................................................................... 16\nSchedule Infringement notice offences and\nprescribed amounts\nENDNOTES\n\nNORTHERN TERRITORY OF AUSTRALIA\n____________________\nAs in force at 10 August 2017\n____________________\nMEDICAL SERVICES (TRAFFIC, PARKING AND GENERAL CONDUCT)\nBY-LAWS 2017\nBy-laws under the Medical Services Act 1982\nPart 1 Preliminary matters\n1 Citation\nThese By-laws may be cited as the Medical Services (Traffic,\nParking and General Conduct) By-laws 2017.\n2 Definitions\nIn these By-laws:\ninfringement notice, for Part 4, see by-law 21(1).\ninfringement notice offence, for Part 4, see by-law 20(1).\nmotor vehicle:\n(a) means a vehicle designed to be self-propelled; and\n(b) includes a trailer when attached to a vehicle mentioned in\nparagraph (a).\nperson in charge, of declared premises to which these By-laws\napply, means the person appointed under section 7(2)(a) of the Act\nin relation to the declared premises.\nprescribed amount, for Part 4, see by-law 20(2).\nvehicle means any means of conveyance over land and includes\nthe following:\n(a) a bicycle or tricycle;\n(b) rollerskates, rollerblades and skateboards;\n(c) an animal being driven or ridden;\n\nPart 2 Regulation of traffic and parking\nMedical Services (Traffic, Parking and General Conduct) By-laws 2\n(d) a motorised wheelchair or mobility aid capable of travelling at\na speed greater than 7 km/h.\nNote for by-law 2\nThe Interpretation Act 1978 contains definitions and other provisions that may be\nrelevant to these By-laws.\n3 Application of By-laws\nTo the extent of any inconsistency with local government by-laws\napplying to an area to which these By-laws apply, these By-laws\nprevail over the local government by-laws.\nPart 2 Regulation of traffic and parking\n4 Vehicles within declared premises\n(1) The person in charge of declared premises may, by sign, regulate\nor prohibit the following:\n(a) driving a motor vehicle within the declared premises;\n(b) driving or riding other vehicles within the declared premises.\n(2) A sign regulating or prohibiting the driving or riding of vehicles as\nmentioned in clause (1) may relate to the following:\n(a) all or specified vehicles, or a specified class of vehicles;\n(b) all or specified places within the declared premises.\nExamples for clause (2)\n1 A sign could direct that delivery vehicles take a certain route within the\ndeclared premises.\n2 A sign could prohibit vehicles, other than ambulances, from certain areas of\nthe declared premises.\n(3) A person commits an offence if:\n(a) the person drives or rides a vehicle; and\n(b) in doing so, contravenes a sign mentioned in clause (1).\nMaximum penalty: 10 penalty units.\n(4) An offence against clause (3) is an offence of strict liability.\n(5) It is a defence to a prosecution for an offence against clause (3) if\nthe defendant has a reasonable excuse.\n\nPart 2 Regulation of traffic and parking\nMedical Services (Traffic, Parking and General Conduct) By-laws 3\n5 Parking areas\n(1) The person in charge of declared premises may set aside an area\nof the declared premises to be a parking area.\n(2) To regulate parking in a parking area, the person in charge may:\n(a) determine the conditions for parking in the area; and\n(b) notify the conditions on signs erected in the area.\n(3) The person in charge may also install meters or ticket vending\nmachines in the area to regulate parking.\n(4) A person commits an offence if the person stands or parks a\nvehicle in a parking area:\n(a) in contravention of a sign applying to the area; or\n(b) in a bay marked as a disabled parking bay and the vehicle\ndoes not display a disabled parking permit; or\n(c) if parking bays are marked in the area – with any part of the\nvehicle outside a parking bay; or\n(d) with any part of the vehicle outside the area.\nMaximum penalty: 5 penalty units.\n(5) An offence against clause (4) is an offence of strict liability.\n(6) It is a defence to a prosecution for an offence against clause (4) if\nthe defendant has a reasonable excuse.\n6 Parking permits\n(1) The person in charge of declared premises may determine classes\nof parking permits for the declared premises and the eligibility\ncriteria for each class of permit.\n(2) An authorised officer may grant parking permits of the class, and\nsubject to the conditions, the officer considers appropriate.\n(3) Without limiting clause (2), a parking permit may be subject to\nconditions relating to all or any of the following:\n(a) the vehicle, vehicles, or kind of vehicles to which it relates:\n(b) the areas in which the permit holder is permitted to park;\n\nPart 3 Conduct generally\nMedical Services (Traffic, Parking and General Conduct) By-laws 4\n(c) the times during which, or the period of time for which, the\npermit holder is permitted to park;\n(d) the number of persons who must be in the vehicle at the time\nit arrives at, or departs from, the declared premises.\n(4) A parking permit:\n(a) takes effect on the day specified in it; and\n(b) remains in effect for the period specified in it, unless the\npermit is cancelled before the end of that period.\n(5) If the holder of a parking permit of a particular class ceases to\nsatisfy any of the eligibility criteria for that class of permit, the permit\nholder must advise an authorised officer of that fact.\n(6) A person commits an offence if the person fails to comply with\nclause (5).\nMaximum penalty: 5 penalty units.\n(7) An offence against clause (6) is an offence of strict liability.\n(8) It is a defence to a prosecution for an offence against clause (6) if\nthe defendant has a reasonable excuse.\nPart 3 Conduct generally\n7 Littering\n(1) A person commits an offence if the person deposits litter within\ndeclared premises.\nMaximum penalty: 10 penalty units.\n(2) An offence against clause (1) is an offence of strict liability.\n(3) It is a defence to a prosecution for an offence against clause (1) if\nthe defendant has a reasonable excuse.\n8 Glass in certain areas\n(1) The person in charge of declared premises may, by sign, prohibit\nglass in an area of the declared premises.\n(2) A person commits an offence if the person brings glass into an area\nof declared premises where glass is prohibited.\nMaximum penalty: 10 penalty units.\n\nPart 3 Conduct generally\nMedical Services (Traffic, Parking and General Conduct) By-laws 5\n(3) An offence against clause (2) is an offence of strict liability.\n(4) It is a defence to a prosecution for an offence against clause (2) if\nthe defendant has a reasonable excuse.\n(5) A person commits an offence if:\n(a) the person intentionally breaks glass or other material within\ndeclared premises; and\n(b) the broken glass or material could cause injury and the person\nis reckless in relation to that circumstance.\nMaximum penalty: 20 penalty units.\n(6) A person commits an offence if:\n(a) the person breaks glass or other material within declared\npremises; and\n(b) the person fails to promptly and safely clean up and dispose of\nthe broken glass or material.\nMaximum penalty: 10 penalty units.\n(7) An offence against clause (6) is an offence of strict liability.\n(8) It is a defence to a prosecution for an offence against clause (6) if\nthe defendant has a reasonable excuse.\n9 Throwing objects\n(1) A person commits an offence if the person throws or propels an\nobject within declared premises in a way likely to:\n(a) damage property; or\n(b) injure a person or an animal.\nMaximum penalty: 10 penalty units.\n(2) An offence against clause (1) is an offence of strict liability.\n(3) It is a defence to a prosecution for an offence against clause (1) if\nthe defendant has a reasonable excuse.\n\nPart 3 Conduct generally\nMedical Services (Traffic, Parking and General Conduct) By-laws 6\n10 Lighting or maintaining fires\n(1) A person commits an offence if the person lights or maintains a fire\nwithin declared premises.\nMaximum penalty: 10 penalty units.\n(2) An offence against clause (1) is an offence of strict liability.\n(3) It is a defence to a prosecution for an offence against clause (1) if\nthe defendant has a reasonable excuse.\n11 Interfering with plants\n(1) A person commits an offence if the person interferes with, picks,\ncuts, removes, damages or plants a tree, shrub or plant within\ndeclared premises.\nMaximum penalty: 10 penalty units.\n(2) An offence against clause (1) is an offence of strict liability.\n(3) It is a defence to a prosecution for an offence against clause (1) if\nthe defendant has a reasonable excuse.\n12 Structures, fixtures and equipment\n(1) A person commits an offence if the person:\n(a) interferes with, defaces or damages a structure, fixture or\npiece of equipment within declared premises; or\n(b) erects or installs a structure within declared premises; or\n(c) moves a structure within declared premises.\nMaximum penalty: 10 penalty units.\n(2) An offence against clause (1) is an offence of strict liability.\n(3) It is a defence to a prosecution for an offence against clause (1) if\nthe defendant has a reasonable excuse.\n13 Handbills\n(1) A person commits an offence if, within declared premises, the\nperson:\n(a) distributes a handbill; or\n\nPart 3 Conduct generally\nMedical Services (Traffic, Parking and General Conduct) By-laws 7\n(b) affixes a handbill to a structure.\nMaximum penalty: 5 penalty units.\n(2) An offence against clause (1) is an offence of strict liability.\n(3) It is a defence to a prosecution for an offence against clause (1) if\nthe defendant has a reasonable excuse.\n14 Use of sound amplification system\n(1) A person commits an offence if, within declared premises, the\nperson uses a loudspeaker or system of sound amplification without\nthe approval of the person in charge of the declared premises.\nMaximum penalty: 10 penalty units.\n(2) An offence against clause (1) is an offence of strict liability.\n(3) It is a defence to a prosecution for an offence against clause (1) if\nthe defendant has a reasonable excuse.\n15 Possession or consumption of alcoholic beverage or illicit\nsubstance\n(1) A person commits an offence if, within declared premises, the\nperson possesses or consumes:\n(a) a beverage containing alcohol; or\n(b) an illicit substance.\nMaximum penalty: 10 penalty units.\n(2) An offence against clause (1) is an offence of strict liability.\n(3) It is a defence to a prosecution for an offence against clause (1) if\nthe defendant has a reasonable excuse.\n(4) Without limiting clause (3), it is a reasonable excuse if the person in\ncharge has given permission for the possession or consumption.\n(5) An authorised officer who believes on reasonable grounds that a\nperson has possession of a beverage containing alcohol, or an illicit\nsubstance, without the permission of the person in charge of the\ndeclared premises, may seize the beverage or substance and\ndispose of it in a manner approved by the person in charge.\n\nPart 3 Conduct generally\nMedical Services (Traffic, Parking and General Conduct) By-laws 8\n16 Camping prohibited\n(1) A person commits an offence if the person camps within declared\npremises.\nMaximum penalty: 10 penalty units.\n(2) An offence against clause (1) is an offence of strict liability.\n(3) If an authorised officer believes on reasonable grounds that a\nperson has contravened, or is contravening, clause (1), the\nauthorised officer may direct the person to:\n(a) leave the declared premises; and\n(b) remove anything used for camping in contravention of\nclause (1) from the declared premises.\n(4) A person commits an offence if the person contravenes a direction\ngiven to the person under clause (3).\nMaximum penalty: 10 penalty units.\n(5) An offence against clause (4) is an offence of strict liability.\n(6) It is a defence to a prosecution for an offence against clause (4) if\nthe defendant has a reasonable excuse.\n(7) In this by-law:\ncamp includes any of the following:\n(a) stay overnight in a vehicle, tent or other temporary shelter;\n(b) stay overnight in the open air;\n(c) prepare a temporary shelter, park a vehicle, or put in place\nany equipment or bedding for the purpose of staying overnight\nor sleeping.\n17 Animals prohibited\n(1) A person commits an offence if the person brings an animal into or\nonto declared premises.\nMaximum penalty: 10 penalty units.\n(2) Clause (1) does not apply:\n(a) if the animal is an assistance dog; or\n\nPart 3 Conduct generally\nMedical Services (Traffic, Parking and General Conduct) By-laws 9\n(b) if the animal is in or on the premises with the approval of the\nperson in charge.\n(3) An offence against clause (1) is an offence of strict liability.\n(4) It is a defence to a prosecution for an offence against clause (1) if\nthe defendant has a reasonable excuse.\n(5) In this by-law:\nanimal includes a mammal, bird, reptile, fish or insect.\nassistance dog means a dog:\n(a) trained by an assistance dog training institution; and\n(b) used as an assistance dog by a person who is wholly or\npartially blind or deaf, or has another form of disability\nrequiring the use of an assistance dog.\n18 Obstructing staff\n(1) A person commits an offence if the person obstructs or hinders a\nmember of the staff at declared premises in the performance of the\nstaff member's duties.\nMaximum penalty: 10 penalty units.\n(2) An offence against clause (1) is an offence of strict liability.\n(3) It is a defence to a prosecution for an offence against clause (1) if\nthe defendant has a reasonable excuse.\n19 Nuisance to others\n(1) A person commits an offence if the person does any of the\nfollowing:\n(a) obstructs or disturbs another person in the exercise and\nenjoyment of any lawful activity while the other person is at or\non declared premises;\n(b) anything likely to annoy another person at or on declared\npremises;\n(c) behaves in a disorderly, indecent or offensive way;\n(d) uses offensive or indecent language;\n(e) behaves in a way likely to injure the person or another person;\n\nPart 4 Infringement notices\nMedical Services (Traffic, Parking and General Conduct) By-laws 10\n(f) restricts access to a facility in or at declared premises.\nMaximum penalty: 10 penalty units.\n(2) An offence against clause (1) is an offence of strict liability.\n(3) It is a defence to a prosecution for an offence against clause (1) if\nthe defendant has a reasonable excuse.\nPart 4 Infringement notices\n20 Infringement notice offence and prescribed amount payable\n(1) An infringement notice offence is an offence against a provision\nspecified in the Schedule.\n(2) The prescribed amount for an infringement notice offence is the\namount in dollars, or the amount equal to the monetary value of the\nnumber of penalty units, specified for the offence in the Schedule.\n21 Service of infringement notice\n(1) If an authorised officer believes on reasonable grounds that a\nperson has committed an infringement notice offence, the\nauthorised officer may serve a notice (an infringement notice) on\nthe person.\n(2) For clause (1), the authorised officer serves an infringement notice\non the other person when the authorised officer does one of the\nfollowing:\n(a) gives the notice to:\n(i) the person; or\n(ii) a person who is or appears to be the driver of the vehicle\nbelieved to have been involved in the offence; or\n(iii) the owner of the vehicle;\n(b) places or affixes the notice on the vehicle in a conspicuous\nposition;\n(c) posts the notice to the owner of the vehicle at the owner's\npostal address, place of residence or place of business.\n(3) Clause (2) does not limit section 25 of the Interpretation Act 1978.\n\nPart 4 Infringement notices\nMedical Services (Traffic, Parking and General Conduct) By-laws 11\n22 Contents of infringement notice\n(1) The infringement notice must specify the following:\n(a) the name and address of the person, if known;\n(b) a brief description of the vehicle (including its number plate\ndetails if known) believed to have been involved in the\ninfringement notice offence;\n(c) the date the infringement notice is served on the person;\n(d) the date, time and place of the infringement notice offence;\n(e) a description of the offence;\n(f) the prescribed amount payable for the offence;\n(g) the enforcement agency, as defined in the Fines and Penalties\n(Recovery) Act 2001, to which the prescribed amount is\npayable.\n(2) The infringement notice must include a statement to the effect of\nthe following:\n(a) the person may expiate the infringement notice offence and\navoid any further action in relation to the offence by paying the\nprescribed amount to the specified enforcement agency within\n28 days after the notice is served on the person;\n(b) the person may elect under section 21 of the Fines and\nPenalties (Recovery) Act 2001 to have the matter dealt with by\na court instead of under that Act by completing a statement of\nelection and giving it to the specified enforcement agency;\n(c) if the person does nothing in response to the notice,\nenforcement action may be taken under the Fines and\nPenalties (Recovery) Act 2001, including (but not limited to)\naction for the following:\n(i) suspending the person's licence to drive;\n(ii) seizing personal property of the person;\n(iii) deducting an amount from the person's wages or salary;\n(iv) registering a statutory charge on land owned by the\nperson;\n\nPart 4 Infringement notices\nMedical Services (Traffic, Parking and General Conduct) By-laws 12\n(v) making a community work order for the person and\nimprisonment of the person if the person breaches the\norder.\n(3) Also, the infringement notice must include an appropriate form for\nmaking the statement of election mentioned in clause (2)(b).\n23 Electronic payment and payment by cheque\n(1) If the person uses electronic means to pay the prescribed amount,\npayment is not effected until the amount is credited to the bank\naccount specified in the infringement notice.\n(2) If the person tenders a cheque in payment of the prescribed\namount, payment is not effected unless the cheque is cleared on\nfirst presentation.\n24 Withdrawal of infringement notice\n(1) The person in charge may review the circumstances in which an\ninfringement notice was issued:\n(a) if requested to do so by the person to whom the notice was\nissued, or another person; or\n(b) on the person in charge's own initiative.\n(2) If satisfied it is appropriate in the circumstances, the person in\ncharge may withdraw the infringement notice and notify the person\nto whom the notice was issued of that action.\n25 Liability of owner for infringement\n(1) This by-law applies if an offence against Part 2 is committed and\nthe name of the offender is not ascertained at the time of issuing an\ninfringement notice relating to the offence.\n(2) The owner, at the time the offence occurs, of the vehicle involved in\nthe offence is taken to have committed the offence whether or not\nthe owner in fact committed the offence.\n(3) However, the owner is not taken to have committed the offence if:\n(a) the vehicle was, at the time of the alleged offence, stolen or\nunlawfully used without the owner's consent; or\n\nPart 4 Infringement notices\nMedical Services (Traffic, Parking and General Conduct) By-laws 13\n(b) the vehicle is registered under the Motor Vehicles Act 1949\nand at the time of the alleged offence:\n(i) the owner had sold or disposed of the vehicle, but the\nregistration of the vehicle had not yet been transferred to\nthe new owner; and\n(ii) the owner had provided the Registrar with a notice of\ndisposal in respect of the vehicle as required by\nsection 20 of that Act; or\n(c) within 14 days after the owner receives or is served with the\nfirst of an infringement notice, a courtesy letter under\nPart 2, Division 3 of the Fines and Penalties (Recovery)\nAct 2001 or a summons in relation to the offence, the owner\ndelivers to the person in charge a statutory declaration made\nby the owner:\n(i) stating that another person was in control of the vehicle\nat the time the offence was committed and setting out\nthe name and address of the other person and any other\ninformation known to the owner that may assist in\nidentifying or locating the other person; or\n(ii) stating that the vehicle was sold before the offence was\ncommitted and setting out the date of the sale, the name\nand address of the person to whom it was sold and – if\nthe sale was made through an agent – the name and\naddress of the agent; or\n(iii) stating that at the time the offence was committed the\nvehicle had been stolen or was being used unlawfully\nwithout the owner's consent.\n(4) If the owner of the vehicle is a body corporate – a director,\nsecretary or manager of the body corporate may make a statutory\ndeclaration for clause (3).\n(5) If the owner of the vehicle is the Territory, the Commonwealth, a\nState, another Territory or a statutory corporation – a person\nauthorised, or apparently authorised, for the purpose may make a\nstatutory declaration for clause (3).\n(6) A person named in a statutory declaration as being in control of a\nvehicle at the time of an offence cannot be found guilty of the\noffence unless a copy of the statutory declaration is affixed to the\nsummons for the offence at the time the summons is served on the\nperson.\n\nPart 4 Infringement notices\nMedical Services (Traffic, Parking and General Conduct) By-laws 14\n(7) Unless a court orders otherwise, a statutory declaration mentioned\nto in clause (3)(c):\n(a) is admissible in evidence in a prosecution against the person\nin relation to the offence; and\n(b) is evidence that the person was the driver of the vehicle at the\ntime of the offence.\n(8) If a person is specified as the new owner of a vehicle in a notice of\ndisposal mentioned in clause (3)(b):\n(a) the person is to be taken to be the owner of the vehicle at the\ntime of the offence for this by-law (other than clause (3)(b));\nand\n(b) this by-law applies as if a reference to the owner of the vehicle\n(other than in clause (3)(b)) were a reference to the person.\n(9) Subject to clause (10), nothing in this by-law affects the liability of\nan actual offender who is not the owner of the vehicle.\n(10) If a penalty has been imposed on a person in relation to an offence:\n(a) another person cannot be charged with the same offence; and\n(b) a further penalty cannot be imposed on or recovered from\nanother person in relation to the same offence.\n(11) Clause (10) does not apply if the traffic infringement notice in\nrelation to the offence is withdrawn in accordance with by-law 24.\n26 Evidence of ownership of motor vehicle\nIn a prosecution for an offence against Part 2, a certificate issued\nby a person authorised under an Act (or an Act of the\nCommonwealth, a State or another Territory) to issue the certificate\nstating any of the following is evidence of the matters set out in the\ncertificate:\n(a) that a specified person was the registered owner of a specified\nvehicle on a particular date;\n(b) that a specified person was recorded as the new owner of a\nspecified vehicle from a particular date in a record of a notice\nof disposal in respect of the vehicle;\n(c) if the specified vehicle is not registered at the time of issuing\nthe certificate – that a specified person was the last registered\nowner of the vehicle as at a particular date.\n\nPart 5 Administrative matters\nMedical Services (Traffic, Parking and General Conduct) By-laws 15\n27 Application of Part\n(1) This Part does not prejudice or affect the start or continuation of\nproceedings for an infringement notice offence for which an\ninfringement notice has been served unless the offence is expiated.\n(2) Also, this Part does not:\n(a) require an infringement notice to be served; or\n(b) affect the liability of a person to be prosecuted in a court for an\noffence if an infringement notice has not been served in\nrelation to the offence; or\n(c) prevent more than one infringement notice for the same\noffence being served on a person.\n(3) If more than one infringement notice for the same offence has been\nserved on a person, the person may expiate the offence by paying\nthe prescribed amount in accordance with any one of the notices.\nPart 5 Administrative matters\n28 Signs erected within declared premises\n(1) The person in charge of declared premises may erect or exhibit\nsigns, including advertising signs, within the declared premises.\n(2) A person commits an offence if the person removes, alters, defaces\nor otherwise interferes with a sign mentioned in clause (1).\nMaximum penalty: 10 penalty units.\n(3) An offence against clause (2) is an offence of strict liability.\n(4) It is a defence to a prosecution for an offence against clause (2) if\nthe defendant has a reasonable excuse.\n29 Power to require name and address\nIf an authorised officer reasonably suspects a person of having\ncommitted an offence against these By-laws, the authorised officer\nmay direct the person:\n(a) to state the person's name and address; and\n(b) if the authorised officer considers further evidence of identity is\nnecessary – to provide further evidence of identity.\n\nPart 5 Administrative matters\nMedical Services (Traffic, Parking and General Conduct) By-laws 16\n30 Compliance with directions\n(1) A person commits an offence if the person contravenes a direction:\n(a) given to the person by an authorised officer; or\n(b) notified by a sign erected on or at declared premises.\nMaximum penalty: 10 penalty units.\n(2) An offence against clause (1) is an offence of strict liability.\n(3) It is a defence to a prosecution for an offence against clause (1) if\nthe defendant has a reasonable excuse.\n(4) Without limiting clause (3), it is a reasonable excuse if:\n(a) the direction given was for the person to leave the declared\npremises; and\n(b) the person was at the declared premises for treatment and, at\nthe time the direction was given, was awaiting treatment.\n31 Assistance of police\nAn authorised officer may call on a police officer for assistance in\nthe exercise of powers under these By-laws.\n\nSchedule Infringement notice offences and prescribed amounts\nMedical Services (Traffic, Parking and General Conduct) By-laws 17\nSchedule Infringement notice offences and prescribed\namounts\nby-law 20\nProvision Prescribed amount\n(in penalty units unless\notherwise indicated)\nby-laws 4(3), 6(6), 8(2) and (6), 11(1), 13(1),\n14(1), 15(1), 16(1) and (4), 17(1) and 30(1)(b)\n1\nby-law 5(4)(a), (c) or (d) $40\nby-law 5(4)(b) $135\nby-laws 7(1), 8(5), 9(1), 10(1), 12(1), 18(1), 19(1),\n28(2) and 30(1)(a)\n2\n\nENDNOTES\nMedical Services (Traffic, Parking and General Conduct) By-laws 18\nENDNOTES\n1 KEY\nKey to abbreviations\namd = amended od = order\napp = appendix om = omitted\nbl = by-law pt = Part\nch = Chapter r = regulation/rule\ncl = clause rem = remainder\ndiv = Division renum = renumbered\nexp = expires/expired rep = repealed\nf = forms s = section\nGaz = Gazette sch = Schedule\nhdg = heading sdiv = Subdivision\nins = inserted SL = Subordinate Legislation\nlt = long title sub = substituted\nnc = not commenced\n2 LIST OF LEGISLATION\nMedical Services (Traffic, Parking and General Conduct) By-laws (SL No. 26, 2017)\nNotified 10 August 2017\nCommenced 10 August 2017\n3 GENERAL AMENDMENTS\nGeneral amendments of a formal nature (which are not referred to in the table\nof amendments to this reprint) are made by the Interpretation Legislation\nAmendment Act 2018 (Act No. 22, 2018) to: bl 1, 2, 21, 22 and 25.","sortOrder":0}],"analysis":{"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":4,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"Endnote 3 records that later amendments made by the Interpretation Legislation Amendment Act 2018 to by-laws 1, 2, 21, 22 and 25 were of a formal nature. Those amendments are described as not substantive in this text, so the operational scope of the by-laws as presented here is not altered by those formal amendments (endnote 3)."},"complexity_factors":["Widespread use of strict liability for many offences (see, for example, by-laws 4(4), 5(5), 7(2), 8(3), 12(2), 16(5), 17(3), 19(2), 30(2)) increases evidentiary but reduces mens rea complexity.","Broad delegations of discretion to the person in charge and authorised officers to erect signs, set permit classes and conditions, grant permits, seize items and give directions (by-laws 4(1)–(2), 5(1)–(3), 6(2)–(3), 15(5), 16(3), 28(1), 31).","Infringement notice framework ties into external enforcement machinery and remedies in the Fines and Penalties (Recovery) Act 2001, requiring cross-reference and procedural coordination (by-law 22(2)(b)–(c)).","Owner liability for vehicle offences when the driver is unidentified (by-law 25) creates a strict evidentiary shift and specifies statutory-declaration procedures and exceptions (by-law 25(3)–(7)).","Evidence provisions allow certificates from authorised registries to prove vehicle ownership or registration history (by-law 26), affecting proof strategies.","Numerous identical defences of having a 'reasonable excuse' create recurring adjudication points about what counts as reasonable (appears across many by-laws).","Schedule ties specific offences to prescribed monetary amounts and penalty units, so accurate mapping of offence to penalty is required (by-law 20 and Schedule).","Priority over inconsistent local government by-laws (by-law 3) affects application across areas where multiple regulatory regimes might overlap."],"plain_english_summary":"These by-laws let the person in charge of specified medical premises set and enforce rules on vehicle movement, parking, signage and general conduct (e.g. littering, glass, fires, animals). They create specific offences, many as strict liability, enforceable by authorised officers through fines or infringement notices and by other enforcement measures under the Fines and Penalties (Recovery) Act. The rules affect visitors, patients, staff, vehicle owners and permit-holders and allocate decision-making and enforcement power to the person in charge and authorised officers."},"issue_detection":{"absurdities":[],"contradictions":[]},"summary":{"complexity_score":3,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"Based on the available information, the by-laws appear to remain focused on their original stated purpose: regulating traffic, parking, and general conduct on medical service facility grounds. There is no indication of scope creep or expansion beyond these three core subject areas."},"complexity_factors":["Limited information provided — the full text of the by-laws is not included, preventing detailed analysis of specific provisions","By-laws of this type typically contain schedules of offences and penalty units, which can require cross-referencing with other legislation to understand financial penalties","Traffic and parking rules may interact with broader road traffic legislation, requiring understanding of which rules apply where","General conduct provisions can be broadly drafted, creating some uncertainty about the scope of prohibited behaviour","Enforcement mechanisms (e.g., who can issue fines, how to appeal) may not be immediately obvious without reading the full instrument"],"plain_english_summary":"These by‑laws set local rules for traffic, parking and general conduct on medical facility grounds (hospitals, health centres) to keep sites safe and accessible. They govern vehicle movement, parking locations and limits, reserved spaces, and acceptable behaviour.\n\nThey affect patients, visitors, staff and any drivers on facility property — breaches can lead to fines or removal. In force since 10 August 2017."},"kimi_summary":{"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":3,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"The legislation remains tightly focused on its original purpose of regulating traffic, parking, and general conduct on medical services premises. The scope has not expanded beyond the core functions suggested by the title and parent Act."},"complexity_factors":["Short, focused instrument with only 31 by-laws across 5 Parts","Straightforward offence structure: most offences follow a simple pattern of 'person commits an offence if...' with maximum penalty specified","Limited cross-referencing: primarily references the parent Medical Services Act 1982, Interpretation Act 1978, and Fines and Penalties (Recovery) Act 2001","Repetitive structure: multiple offences use identical 'strict liability' and 'reasonable excuse' defence patterns, creating predictability","Only 6 defined terms in the interpretation section (by-law 2), plus one local definition for 'camp' in by-law 16","Simple conditional logic: most provisions have at most one or two exceptions (e.g., assistance dogs exemption in by-law 17, permission exceptions for alcohol)","Single Schedule with straightforward penalty table mapping offences to prescribed amounts","No nested exceptions or complex deeming provisions beyond standard owner liability rules for parking (by-law 25)"],"plain_english_summary":"**What this legislation does:**\n\nThese By-laws set the rules for behaviour on Northern Territory hospital and health facility grounds (called \"declared premises\"). They cover three main areas:\n\n**1. Traffic and parking**\n- The person in charge of a hospital can put up signs to control where vehicles can drive and park\n- You need a permit to park in designated areas, and must follow the conditions of that permit\n- It's an offence to park in disabled bays without a permit, park outside marked bays, or ignore parking signs\n- Fines apply for parking violations ($40 for most parking offences, $135 for misusing disabled parking)\n\n**2. General conduct rules**\nThe By-laws prohibit various behaviours on hospital grounds:\n- **Littering** and bringing **glass** into certain areas\n- **Throwing objects** that could hurt someone or damage property\n- **Lighting fires**, **damaging plants**, or **interfering with hospital equipment**\n- **Distributing handbills** (flyers) or putting them on walls\n- Using **loudspeakers** without permission\n- **Drinking alcohol** or having **illicit drugs** (unless the hospital gives permission)\n- **Camping** overnight or setting up temporary shelters\n- Bringing **animals** onto the grounds (except assistance dogs like guide dogs)\n- **Obstructing staff** or behaving in a **disorderly, offensive, or nuisance** manner\n\n**3. Infringement notices (on-the-spot fines)**\n- Authorised officers can issue fines for breaking these rules\n- If you get a fine, you can pay it within 28 days to avoid court, or choose to go to court instead\n- If you don't pay, enforcement actions can include suspending your driver's licence, seizing property, or deducting money from your wages\n- For parking offences, the vehicle owner is responsible if the driver can't be identified (though owners can provide a statutory declaration to nominate the actual driver)\n\n**Who it affects:**\nAnyone visiting, working at, or passing through Northern Territory hospital grounds—including patients, visitors, staff, and delivery drivers.\n\n**Why it matters:**\nHospitals need to stay safe, clean, and accessible for emergency vehicles and patients. These rules help prevent disruptions, maintain hygiene, ensure parking is available for those who need it, and keep the environment secure for medical care."},"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"A positive credit balance is required for all requests, including BYOK, so fallback providers remain available. Add credits at https://vercel.com/d?to=%2F%5Bteam%5D%2F%7E%2Fai%3Fmodal%3Dtop-up to continue.","source":"analysis-cron"}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/medical-services-traffic-parking-and-general-conduct-by-laws-2017","history":"/api/acts/medical-services-traffic-parking-and-general-conduct-by-laws-2017/history","analysis":"/api/acts/medical-services-traffic-parking-and-general-conduct-by-laws-2017/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/medical-services-traffic-parking-and-general-conduct-by-laws-2017/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/medical-services-traffic-parking-and-general-conduct-by-laws-2017/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/medical-services-traffic-parking-and-general-conduct-by-laws-2017/documents"}}