{"id":"F2019L01176","name":"Manual of Standards (MOS) – Part 60","slug":"manual-of-standards-mos-part-60","collection":"legislative_instrument","jurisdiction":"commonwealth","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":99773,"registerId":"commonwealth-F2019L01176-current","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-02","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"Manual of Standards (MOS) – Part 60","content":"Part 60 Manual of Standards 2019 (as amended)\n\nmade under paragraph 9 (1) (c) of the Civil Aviation Act 1988 and regulation 60.020 of the Civil Aviation Safety Regulations 1998.\n\nThis compilation was prepared on 24 March 2023 taking into account amendments up to Part 60 Manual of Standards Amendment Instrument 2023, as amended and in force on 24 March 2023. It is a compilation of Part 60 Manual of Standards 2019 as amended and in force on 24 March 2023.\n\nPrepared by the Advisory and Drafting Branch, Legal, International & Regulatory Affairs Division, Civil Aviation Safety Authority, Canberra.\n\nCompilation No. 2.\n\nContents\n\n> Note This Table of Contents is for guidance only. It is not a formal part of the Part 60 Manual of Standards.\n\nPage\n\n[CHAPTER 1 PRELIMINARY](#_Toc83062607)\n\n[1 Name](#_Toc83062608)\n\n[2 Interpretation](#_Toc83062611)\n\n[CHAPTER 2 FLIGHT SIMULATOR STANDARDS](#_Toc83062612)\n\n[3 Aeroplane flight simulator standards](#_Toc83062613)\n\n[4 Helicopter flight simulator standards](#_Toc83062614)\n\n[5 Transitional arrangements — aeroplane qualified flight simulator standards](#_Toc83062615)\n\n[CHAPTER 3 FLIGHT TRAINING DEVICE STANDARDS](#_Toc83062616)\n\n[6 Aeroplane flight training device standards](#_Toc83062617)\n\n[7 Helicopter flight training device standards](#_Toc83062618)\n\n[Note to Part 60 Manual of Standards 2019](#_Toc83062619)\n\nPart 60 Manual of Standards\n\nCHAPTER 1 PRELIMINARY\n\n1 Name\n\n(1) This instrument is the Manual of Standards (MOS) – Part 60.\n\n> Note See definition of Manual of Standards in regulation 60.010 of CASR.\n\n(2) This instrument may be cited as the Part 60 Manual of Standards.\n\n2 Interpretation\n\n> Note In this instrument, certain terms and expressions have the same meaning as they have in the Civil Aviation Act 1988 and the regulations. These include: aeroplane, EASA, FAA, FARs, flight simulator, flight simulator qualification, flight simulator qualification certificate, flight training device, helicopter, ICAO, national aviation authority, operator, qualification level, recurrent evaluation and special evaluation.\n\n(1) In this instrument:\n\n> FAA FSTD Directive 2 means FSTD Directive 2 set out in Attachment 6 (FSTD Directives Applicable to Airplane Flight Simulators) to FARs, Subchapter D, Part 60, Appendix A, Qualification Performance Standards for Airplane Full Flight Simulators, as published on 31 May 2016.\n\n> qualification level D means flight simulator qualification level D in item 4 of Table 60.020-1 of CASR.\n\n(2) For this instrument, a reference to a national aviation authority (however described) or an officer of a national aviation authority, that is in a standard mentioned in sections 3 to 7, other than either of the following standards, is taken to be a reference to CASA:\n\n(a) Manual of Standards Part 60 – Synthetic Training Devices;\n\n(b) Operational Standards and Requirements — Approved Flight Simulators (FSD‑1), published by CASA.\n\nCHAPTER 2 FLIGHT SIMULATOR STANDARDS\n\n3 Aeroplane flight simulator standards\n\n(1) For subregulation 60.020 (1) of CASR, the standards for the determination of the qualification level of an aeroplane flight simulator are any of the following:\n\n(a) FARs, Subchapter D, Part 60, Appendix A, Qualification Performance Standards for Airplane Full Flight Simulators, as existing from time to time;\n\n> Note Chapter I of Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations is also known as the Federal Aviation Regulations — see definition of FARs in the CASR Dictionary. At the time this instrument commences, the latest issue of the FARs, Subchapter D, Part 60 (Flight Simulation Training Device Initial and Continuing Qualification and Use) (14 CFR Part 60), is the issue published in 2016. This issue is also known as “FARs Part 60, Change 2”.\n\n(c) the latest issue of the EASA Certification Specifications for Aeroplane Flight Simulation Training Devices (CS-FSTD(A)), as existing from time to time;\n\n> Note At the time this instrument commences, the latest issue of the EASA Certification Specifications for Aeroplane Flight Simulation Training Devices (CS-FSTD(A)) is Issue 2, dated 3 May 2018 (Annex to ED Decision 2018/006/R). Issue 2 entered into force on 9 January 2019 (see Article 2 of ED Decision 2018/006/R and Article 2 of the Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/1974, published in the Official Journal of the European Union on 20 December 2018). See the Annex to ED Decision 2012/010/R for the initial issue of the certification specifications.\n\n(d) subject to subsection (2), the latest edition of the ICAO Manual of Criteria for the Qualification of Flight Simulation Training Devices, Volume 1 — Aeroplanes (ICAO Doc 9625), as existing from time to time.\n\n> Note At the time this instrument commences, the latest edition of the ICAO Manual of Criteria for the Qualification of Flight Simulation Training Devices, Volume 1 — Aeroplanes (ICAO Doc 9625) is the Fourth Edition, 2015.\n\n(2) The ICAO standard mentioned in paragraph (1) (d) may be used only to determine if an aeroplane flight simulator has satisfied the requirements for qualification level D.\n\n(3) For subsection (2), device Type VII in the ICAO standard mentioned in paragraph (1) (d) is equivalent to qualification level D.\n\n4 Helicopter flight simulator standards\n\nFor subregulation 60.020 (1) of CASR, the standards for the determination of the qualification level of a helicopter flight simulator are any of the following:\n\n(a) FARs, Subchapter D, Part 60, Appendix C, Qualification Performance Standards for Helicopter Full Flight Simulators, as existing from time to time;\n\n> Note At the time this instrument commences, the latest issue of the FARs, Subchapter D, Part 60 (Flight Simulation Training Device Initial and Continuing Qualification and Use) (14 CFR Part 60) is the issue published in 2016. This issue is also known as “FARs Part 60, Change 2”.\n\n(b) the latest issue of the EASA Certification Specifications for Helicopter Flight Simulation Training Devices (CS-FSTD(H)), as existing from time to time.\n\n> Note At the time this instrument commences, the latest issue of the EASA Certification Specifications for Helicopter Flight Simulation Training Devices (CS-FSTD(H)) is Initial issue dated 26 June 2012 (Annex to ED Decision 2012/011/R).\n\n5 Transitional arrangements — aeroplane qualified flight simulator standards\n\n(1) If the current qualification level of an aeroplane qualified flight simulator was determined in accordance with a standard mentioned in subsection (2), the standard for the assessment during a recurrent evaluation of the aeroplane qualified flight simulator against that qualification level is that standard as existing at the time that qualification level was determined.\n\n> Note: Example\n\n> Note: If an aeroplane flight simulator was qualified on 1 January 2010 at Level A, B, C or D using a standard mentioned in subsection (2), then any recurrent evaluation of the simulator would check that the simulator continues to meet that standard as it existed on 1 January 2010, not that standard as it exists on the date of the recurrent evaluation.\n\n(2) For subregulation 60.020 (1) of CASR, the standards for subsection (1) are any of the following:\n\n(a) Chapter 3 of Manual of Standards Part 60 – Synthetic Training Devices;\n\n(b) Operational Standards and Requirements – Approved Flight Simulators (FSD‑1), published by CASA;\n\n(c) the ICAO Manual of Criteria for the Qualification of Flight Simulators (ICAO Doc 9625-AN/938, first edition, dated 1995).\n\n> Note See paragraph 14.1.1 of FSD-1 Version 6.2, which refers to this standard as the International Standards for the Qualification of Airplane Flight Simulators.\n\n(3) However, if CASA has changed the qualification level of the aeroplane qualified flight simulator after this instrument commences, the standard for the assessment during a recurrent evaluation of the aeroplane qualified flight simulator against the qualification level as changed is a standard mentioned in subsection 3 (1).\n\n> Note See subregulation 60.045 (3) of CASR for the qualification level against which a qualified flight simulator must be assessed during a recurrent evaluation, including if CASA has changed the qualification level since the initial evaluation.\n\n(4) Also, until the end of 24 March 2025, the standard mentioned in subsection (5) applies for the assessment, during a recurrent evaluation or a special evaluation, of an aeroplane qualified flight simulator against its current qualification level if:\n\n(a) that qualification level was determined in accordance with one of the following standards:\n\n(i) Chapter 3 of Manual of Standards Part 60 – Synthetic Training Devices;\n\n(ii) the ICAO Manual of Criteria for the Qualification of Flight Simulators (ICAO Doc 9625-AN/938, first edition, dated 1995);\n\n(iii) Operational Standards and Requirements — Approved Flight Simulators (FSD‑1), published by CASA; and\n\n(b) the equipment or software of the simulator has, since that qualification level was determined, been modified under regulation 60.070 of CASR for full stall training.\n\n(5) For subsection (4), the standard is:\n\n(a) the standard mentioned in paragraph (4) (a) under which the current qualification level of the aeroplane qualified flight simulator was determined, as existing at the time that qualification level was determined; and\n\n(b) the full flight simulator requirements mentioned in paragraph 4 of Section I of FAA FSTD Directive 2 that are “For FSTDs initially qualified before May 31, 2016”.\n\n(6) For paragraph 5 (b), Table A1A of Attachment 1 and Table A2A of Attachment 2 to FARs, Subchapter D, Part 60, Appendix A, Qualification Performance Standards for Airplane Full Flight Simulators are incorporated as existing from time to time.\n\nCHAPTER 3 FLIGHT TRAINING DEVICE STANDARDS\n\n6 Aeroplane flight training device standards\n\nFor subregulation 60.020 (2) of CASR, the standards for the determination of the qualification level of an aeroplane flight training device are any of the following:\n\n(a) FARs, Subchapter D, Part 60, Appendix B, Qualification Performance Standards for Airplane Flight Training Devices, as existing from time to time;\n\n> Note Chapter I of Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations is also known as the Federal Aviation Regulations — see definition of FARs in the CASR Dictionary. At the time this instrument commences the latest issue of the FARs, Subchapter D, Part 60 (Flight Simulation Training Device Initial and Continuing Qualification and Use) (14 CFR Part 60) is the issue published in 2016. This issue is also known as “FARs Part 60, Change 2”.\n\n(b) the latest issue of the EASA Certification Specifications for Aeroplane Flight Simulation Training Devices (CS-FSTD(A)), as existing from time to time.\n\n> Note At the time this instrument commences, the latest issue of the EASA Certification Specifications for Aeroplane Flight Simulation Training Devices (CS-FSTD(A)) is Issue 2, dated 3 May 2018 (Annex to ED Decision 2018/006/R). See the Annex to ED Decision 2012/010/R for the initial issue of the certification specifications.\n\n7 Helicopter flight training device standards\n\nFor subregulation 60.020 (2) of CASR, the standards for the determination of a qualification level of a helicopter flight training device are any of the following:\n\n(a) FARs, Subchapter D, Part 60, Appendix D, Qualification Performance Standards for Helicopter Flight Training Devices, as existing from time to time;\n\n> Note For information that may assist in accessing this document see the Note to paragraph 6 (a).\n\n(b) the latest issue of the EASA Certification Specifications for Helicopter Flight Simulation Training Devices (CS-FSTD(H)), as existing from time to time.\n\n> Note At the time this instrument commences, the latest issue of the EASA Certification Specifications for Helicopter Flight Simulation Training Devices is Initial issue dated 26 June 2012, (CS-FSTD(H)) (Annex to ED Decision 2012/011/R).\n\nNote to Part 60 Manual of Standards 2019\n\n> Note: The Part 60 Manual of Standards 2019 (in force under the Civil Aviation Act 1988 and Civil Aviation Safety Regulations 1998) as shown in this compilation comprises Part 60 Manual of Standards 2019 amended as indicated in the Tables below.\n\n> Note: > Note: Table of Manual of Standards and Amendments\n\n| Year andnumber | Date of registration on FRL | Date ofcommencement | Application, saving ortransitional provisions |\n| ------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------- | ---------------------------- | --------------------------------------------- |\n| Part 60 MOS | 11 September 2019 (see F2019L01176) | 12 September 2019 (see s.1A) | — |\n| Part 60 Amdt Instrument 2021 (No. 1) | 20 September 2021 (see F2021L01303) | 21 September 2021 (see s. 2) | — |\n| Part 60 MOS Amdt Instrument 2023 | 23 March 2023 (see F2023L00314) | 24 March 2023 (see s. 2) | — |\n\n```html\n

Table of Amendments

ad. = added or inserted am. = amended rep. = repealed rs. = repealed and substituted

Provision affected

How affected

s. 1A

rep. Legislation Act 2003, s. 48D

s. 1B

rep. Legislation Act 2003, s. 48C

s. 3

am. F2021L01303

s. 5

am. F2021L01303, F2023L00314

\n```","sortOrder":0}],"analysis":{"kimi_summary":{"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":6,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"The legislation maintains its original scope as a standards-setting instrument for flight simulation training devices. The 2023 amendments added specific transitional arrangements for stall-training modifications and clarified grandfathering provisions, but these represent technical refinements within the established framework rather than expansion into new regulatory territory. The instrument continues to serve its core purpose of specifying which international standards apply to Australian-registered training devices."},"complexity_factors":["Multiple overlapping standards: The instrument incorporates by reference four different international regulatory frameworks (FAA FARs Part 60, EASA CS-FSTD(A) and CS-FSTD(H), ICAO Doc 9625) with 'as existing from time to time' dynamic updating","Temporal conditional logic: Complex transitional arrangements in section 5 create time-bound exceptions — simulators qualified under old standards keep those standards for recurrent evaluations, but only until 24 March 2025 for stall-modified devices","Nested exceptions: Section 5 contains exceptions to exceptions — the general grandfathering rule (subsection 1) is overridden by the 'changed qualification level' rule (subsection 3), which is itself qualified by the stall-training modification rule (subsections 4-6)","External document incorporation: Heavy reliance on incorporated documents that are not reproduced in the instrument itself, including specific attachments and tables from FAA FSTD Directive 2","Cross-referencing density: Frequent references to CASR regulations (60.020, 60.045, 60.070) and the Civil Aviation Act 1988 require readers to hold multiple instruments in mind simultaneously","Equivalence mappings: Technical equivalence declarations (e.g., ICAO 'Device Type VII' = 'qualification level D') require specialised aviation knowledge to interpret"],"plain_english_summary":"This instrument sets technical approval rules for flight simulators and training devices in Australia, specifying which international standards operators and manufacturers may use. It affects flight training organisations, airlines, simulator makers and CASA. Aeroplane simulators may use FAA, EASA or ICAO (ICAO only for highest‑grade Level D); helicopter simulators and flight training devices may use FAA or EASA. Existing approvals are grandfathered unless CASA upgrades them, and a temporary extra FAA requirement for full‑stall training applies until March 2025."},"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":6,"scope_assessment":{"changed":true,"description":"Compared with earlier Part 60 material, this compilation updates which external standards are accepted, narrows ICAO usage to Level D, and adds explicit transitional arrangements including a temporary exception for full‑stall modifications lasting until 24 March 2025. The Table of Amendments shows section 3 and section 5 were amended (see amendment notes and dates in the instrument)."},"complexity_factors":["References multiple external, time‑varying standards whose text is 'as existing from time to time' (FARs Part 60, EASA CS‑FSTD, ICAO Doc 9625) (s.3(1), s.4, s.6, s.7).","Restricts use of one external standard to a specific qualification level (ICAO Doc 9625 only for Level D) and equates ICAO device Type VII to Level D (s.3(2)–(3)).","Transitional and grandfathering rules require recurrent evaluations to use the standard in force at initial qualification, with a specific temporary exception and sunset date (s.5(1), s.5(4)–(5)).","Incorporates particular FAA tables and directives by reference, creating direct dependency on external schedules and amendment cycles (s.5(5)–(6)).","Different treatment between full flight simulators and flight training devices, and between aeroplanes and helicopters, adds branching compliance paths (chs.2–3).","Cross‑references to primary regulations (CASR subregulations) and CASA publications increase interpretive dependency on related instruments (s.2(2), notes).","Compliance and administrative burden falls on device owners/operators to track changing external standards and on CASA to apply equivalence judgments (implied across ss.3–7 and s.2)."],"plain_english_summary":"This Manual of Standards (Part 60) tells who and how to decide if a flight simulator or flight training device meets a qualification level by adopting external technical standards (FAA FARs Part 60, EASA CS‑FSTD, ICAO Doc 9625) and setting limits on their use. It applies to aeroplane and helicopter simulators, device owners and operators, and CASA assessors. The instrument also sets transitional rules for recurrent and special evaluations (including a sunset to 24 March 2025 for certain full‑stall modifications) and names CASA as the reference authority (ss.2–6)."},"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"Unauthenticated. Configure AI_GATEWAY_API_KEY or use a provider module. Learn more: https://ai-sdk.dev/unauthenticated-ai-gateway","source":"analysis-cron"}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/manual-of-standards-mos-part-60","history":"/api/acts/manual-of-standards-mos-part-60/history","analysis":"/api/acts/manual-of-standards-mos-part-60/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/manual-of-standards-mos-part-60/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/manual-of-standards-mos-part-60/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/manual-of-standards-mos-part-60/documents"}}