{"id":"F2015L00423","name":"Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code – Standard 2.5.5 – Butter","slug":"f2015l00423","collection":"legislative_instrument","jurisdiction":"commonwealth","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":315789,"registerId":"commonwealth-F2015L00423-current","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-08","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code – Standard 2.5.5 – Butter","content":"![Description: FS_Logo_K](image.001.png)\n\nFood Standards (Proposal P1025 – Code Revision) Variation\n\nThe Board of Food Standards Australia New Zealand gives notice of the making of this standard under section 92 of the Food Standards Australia New Zealand Act 1991. The Standard commences on 1 March 2016.\n\nDated 25 March 2015\n\n![](image.002.png)\n\nStandards Management Officer\n\nDelegate of the Board of Food Standards Australia New Zealand\n\n> Note:\n\n> Note: This Standard will be published in the Commonwealth of Australia Gazette No. FSC 96 on 10 April 2015.\n\nStandard 2.5.5 Butter\n\nNote 1 This instrument is a standard under the Food Standards Australia New Zealand Act 1991 (Cth). The standards together make up the Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code. See also section 1.1.1—3.\n\nNote 2 The provisions of the Code that apply in New Zealand are incorporated in, or adopted under, the Food Act 2014 (NZ). See also section 1.1.1—3.\n\nNote 3 In Australia, dairy products must be processed in accordance with Standard 4.2.4.\n\n2.5.5—1 Name\n\nThis Standard is Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code – Standard 2.5.5 – Butter.\n\nNote Commencement:  \nThis Standard commences on 1 March 2016, being the date specified as the commencement date in notices in the Gazette and the New Zealand Gazette under section 92 of the Food Standards Australia New Zealand Act 1991 (Cth). See also section 93 of that Act.\n\n2.5.5—2 Definitions\n\nNote In this Code (see section 1.1.2—3):\n\nbutter means:\n\n(a) a food that is derived exclusively from milk and products obtained from milk, principally in the form of an emulsion of the type water-in-oil; or\n\n(b) such a food with any of the following added:\n\n    (i) water;\n    (ii) salt;\n    (iii) lactic acid producing microorganisms;\n    (iv) flavour producing microorganisms.\n\n2.5.5—3 Requirement for food sold as butter\n\nA food that is sold as ‘butter’ must:\n\n(a) be butter; and\n\n(b) contain no less than 80.0% m/m milkfat.\n\n\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_\\_","sortOrder":0}],"analysis":{"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"A positive credit balance is required for all requests, including BYOK, so fallback providers remain available. Add credits at https://vercel.com/d?to=%2F%5Bteam%5D%2F%7E%2Fai%3Fmodal%3Dtop-up to continue.","source":"analysis-cron"},"kimi_summary":{"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":2,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"This standard maintains its original narrow purpose: defining butter composition. The 2016 revision appears to be a straightforward code maintenance update (Proposal P1025 – Code Revision) without expansion into related dairy products or new regulatory areas."},"complexity_factors":["Very short document (approximately 300 words)","Only 1 defined term ('butter') with a straightforward two-part definition","Single operative requirement (section 2.5.5—3) with two simple conditions","No cross-references to other standards except incidental mentions in notes","No conditional logic, exceptions, or nested provisions","Clear numerical threshold (80.0% m/m milkfat) with no calculations required"],"plain_english_summary":"This law sets a legal definition of \"butter\" in Australia and New Zealand: a milk-derived, water-in-oil dairy product with a minimum of 80% milkfat and only limited dairy-derived additions allowed. \n\nIt affects manufacturers, retailers, and consumers by preventing low-fat or non-dairy spreads from being marketed as butter, protecting buyers from misleading labels and ensuring product consistency."},"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":2,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"The instrument sets a definition and a compositional floor for butter (ss.2.5.5–2, 2.5.5–3) and references processing rules, but does not, on its face, state an expansion or narrowing of the product scope. No explicit change of scope from prior Code text is indicated in this instrument."},"complexity_factors":["Single, clear composition requirement (minimum 80.0% m/m milkfat) reduces rule volume but requires quantitative testing.","Concise definition of 'butter' limited to milk-derived products with a short list of permitted additives — potential interpretive issues about ingredient sources.","Cross-references to Standard 4.2.4 (processing) and New Zealand Food Act 2014 create external dependencies for compliance and enforcement.","Enforcement depends on laboratory measurement and accurate labelling, imposing administrative and cost burdens on producers.","Jurisdictional notes (applies in Australia and incorporated/adopted in New Zealand) require regulatory coordination across two legal systems."],"plain_english_summary":"This standard defines ‘butter’ and requires any food sold as “butter” to be derived only from milk (with limited additives) and to contain at least 80.0% m/m milkfat (ss.2.5.5–2, 2.5.5–3). It also notes dairy products must be processed in accordance with Standard 4.2.4. Mechanically, it obliges producers to formulate, test and label products to meet the composition requirement, and gives regulators a clear enforcement target; compliance costs fall on manufacturers through testing, reformulation or relabelling."}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/f2015l00423","history":"/api/acts/f2015l00423/history","analysis":"/api/acts/f2015l00423/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/f2015l00423/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/f2015l00423/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/f2015l00423/documents"}}