{"id":"F2017L00953","name":"Currency (Royal Australian Mint) Determination (No. 4) 2017","slug":"currency-royal-australian-mint-determination-no-4-2017","collection":"legislative_instrument","jurisdiction":"commonwealth","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":439278,"registerId":"F2017L00953-fast-fetch-1775955368073","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-12","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"Currency (Royal Australian Mint) Determination (No. 4) 2017","content":"---\nmeta-content-style-type: text/css\nmeta-content-type: application/xhtml+xml; charset=utf-8\n---\n\n?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?>\n\n![](image.001.jpeg)\n\n \n\nCurrency (Royal Australian Mint) Determination (No. 4) 2017\n\nI, Michael McCormack, Minister for Small Business, make the following determination.\n\nDated 24 July 2017\n\nMichael McCormack\n\nMinister for Small Business\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\nContents\n\n1 Name\n\n2 Commencement\n\n3 Authority\n\n4 Definitions\n\n5 Specification of denominations and standard compositions\n\n6 Standard weight, design and dimensions of coins\n\nSchedule 1—Standard composition, standard weight, design and dimensions of coins of specified denominations\n\nPart 1—Specifications of coins\n\n1 Specifications\n\nPart 2—Explanation of symbols\n\n2 Symbols used in Part 1\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n1  Name\n\n  This is the Currency (Royal Australian Mint) Determination (No. 4) 2017.\n\n2  Commencement\n\nThis instrument commences on the day after it is registered.\n\n3  Authority\n\n  This instrument is made under paragraph 13(2)(b) and subsection 13A(1) of the Currency Act 1965.\n\n4  Definitions\n\n  In this instrument:\n\nAct means the Currency Act 1965.\n\n5  Specification of denominations and standard compositions\n\n (1) This section is made for the purposes of paragraph 13(2)(b) of the Act.\n\n (2) The Act has effect, on and after the day on which this instrument commences, as if:\n\n (a) there were included in the Schedule to the Act the references to denominations of money specified in Part 1 of Schedule 1 to this instrument; and\n\n (b) there were specified in the Schedule to the Act opposite to each such denomination, as the standard composition of coins of that denomination, the standard composition specified for the denomination in Part 1 of Schedule 1 to this instrument.\n\n (3) This section does not affect any other provision of a determination made for the purposes of paragraph 13(2)(b) of the Act.\n\n6  Standard weight, design and dimensions of coins\n\n (1) This section is made for the purposes of subsection 13A(1) of the Act.\n\n (2) On and after the day on which this instrument commences, each item of the table in Part 1 of Schedule 1 to this instrument specifies the standard weight, the allowable variation from that standard weight, the design and the dimensions of the coin whose denomination and standard composition are specified in that item.\n\n (3) A reference in Part 1 of Schedule 1 to the maximum diameter or other dimension of a coin that is circular concave is a reference to the shortest diameter of the coin.\n\n (4) Each item of the table in Part 2 of Schedule 1 to this instrument explains a symbol used to describe the design of coins specified in Part 1 of Schedule 1.\n\n (5) This section does not affect any other provision of a determination made for the purposes of subsection 13A(1) of the Act.             \n\n \n\nSchedule 1—Standard composition, standard weight, design and dimensions of coins of specified denominations\n\nNote: See sections 5 and 6.\n\nPart 1—Specifications of coins\n\n \n\n1  Specifications\n\n  Each item of the following table specifies the standard composition, the standard weight, the allowable variation from that standard weight, the design and the dimensions of a coin whose denomination and standard composition are specified in that item.\n\n \n\n- Specifications of coins\n- Item Denomination Standard composition Standard weight and allowable variation (g) Maximum diameter or other dimension (mm) Maximum thickness (mm) Shape Edge Obverse Reverse\n- 1 $100 At least 99.99% gold 31.10 + 0.50 38.75 4.8 S1 E1 O1 R1\n- 2 50c Copper and nickel 15.55 ± 0.96 31.65 3.16 S2 E1 O2 R2\n- 3 50c Copper and nickel 15.55 ± 0.96 31.65 3.16 S2 E1 O2 R3\n- 4 50c Copper and nickel 15.55 ± 0.96 31.65 3.16 S2 E1 O2 R4\n- 5 50c Copper and nickel 15.55 ± 0.96 31.65 3.16 S2 E1 O2 R5\n- 6 50c Copper and nickel 15.55 ± 0.96 31.65 3.16 S2 E1 O2 R6\n- 7 50c Copper and nickel 15.55 ± 0.96 31.65 3.16 S2 E1 O2 R7\n- 8 50c Copper and nickel 15.55 ± 0.96 31.65 3.16 S2 E1 O2 R8\n- 9 50c Copper and nickel 15.55 ± 0.96 31.65 3.16 S2 E1 O2 R9\n- 10 50c Copper and nickel 15.55 ± 0.96 31.65 3.16 S2 E1 O2 R10\n- 11 50c Copper and nickel 15.55 ± 0.96 31.65 3.16 S2 E1 O2 R11\n- 12 50c Copper and nickel 15.55 ± 0.96 31.65 3.16 S2 E1 O2 R12\n- 13 50c Copper and nickel 15.55 ± 0.96 31.65 3.16 S2 E1 O2 R13\n- 14 50c Copper and nickel 15.55 ± 0.96 31.65 3.16 S2 E1 O2 R14\n- 15 $2 Copper, aluminium and nickel 6.60 ± 0.60 20.62 3.70 S3 E2 O2 R15\n- 16 $2 Copper, aluminium and nickel 6.60 ± 0.60 20.62 3.70 S3 E2 O2 R16\n- 17 $1 Copper, aluminium and nickel 9.00 ± 0.66 25.12 3.46 S3 E2 O2 R17\n- 18 50c Copper and nickel 15.55 ± 0.96 31.65 3.16 S2 E1 O2 R18\n- 19 50c At least 99.9% silver 18.24 ± 0.50 31.65 3.20 S2 E1 O2 R18\n- 20 $50 At least 99.99% gold 15.55 + 0.10 30.15 2.10 S3 E3 O1 R19\n- 21 $1 At least 99.9% silver 31.103 + 2.00 40.30 4.00 S3 E3 O1 R20\n- 22 $5 At least 99.9% silver 31.103 + 2.00 40.30 4.00 S3 E3 O2 R21\n- 23 $1 Copper, aluminium and nickel 9.00 ± 0.66 25.15 3.46 S3 E2 O2 R22\n- 24 $1 At least 99.9% silver 31.103 + 2.00 40.30 4.00 S3 E3 O2 R23\n\n\nPart 2—Explanation of symbols\n\n \n\n2  Symbols used in Part 1\n\n  Each item of the following table contains an explanation of a symbol used in Part 1 of this Schedule to describe the shape, edge design, obverse design and reverse design of a coin.\n\n \n\n- Explanation of symbols used in Part 1\n- Item Design feature Symbol Explanation\n- 1 Shape S1 Circular concave\n- 2 Shape S2 Dodecagonal\n- 3 Edge S3 Circular\n- 4 Edge E1 Plain\n- 5 Edge E2 Interrupted milling\n- 6 Edge E3 Continuously milled\n- 7 Obverse O1 A design consisting of an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II and the following:(a) “ELIZABETH II”;(b) “AUSTRALIA”;(c) the inscription, in numerals, of a year;(d) Arabic numerals for the amount, in dollars, of the denomination of the coin, followed by “DOLLAR” or “DOLLARS” as the case requires;(e) “IRB”;(f) 2 dots.\n- 8 Reverse O2 A design consisting of an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II and the following:(a) “ELIZABETH II”;(b) “AUSTRALIA”;(c) the inscription, in Arabic numerals, of a year;(d) “IRB”.\n- 9 Reverse R1 A design consisting of:\n\n1. lines radiating from a central circle and dividing the design into 24 equal segments; and\n2. “0h”, “1h”, “2h”, “3h”, “4h”, “5h”, “6h”, “7h”, “8h”, “9h”, “10h”, “11h”, “12h”, “13h”, “14h”, “15h”, “16h”, 17h”, “18h”, “19h”, “20h”, “21h”, “22h” and “23h”; and\n3. dots and lines intersecting dots; and\n4. a representation of each of the following:\n\n\n1. 2 fish tied together by a ribbon;\n2. a female with a band and chain on each wrist;\n3. a ram;\n4. the head of a sea monster;\n5. a giraffe;\n6. a male with a helmet and sword, holding the head of Medusa;\n7. a part of a bull;\n8. a partially obscured male holding a club and shield;\n9. 2 people holding an arrow, a lyre and a club;\n10. a cat;\n11. a bear;\n12. a crab;\n13. a lion;\n14. a partially obscured female with wings;\n15. a bearded male holding a spear, a sickle and 2 dogs by their lead;\n16. a male holding a club and a branch with leaves and apples;\n17. a dragon;\n18. a lyre;\n19. a swan;\n20. an eagle;\n21. a dolphin;\n22. a crowned male holding a sceptre and a cloak;\n23. a lizard;\n24. the head, front legs and wings of Pegasus; and\n\n\n1. “ANDROMEDA”, “CASSIOPEIA”, “PISCES”, “TRIANGULUM”, “ARIES”, “CETUS”, “CAMELOPARDALIS”, “TAURUS”, “PERSEUS”, “ORION”, “AURIGA”, “CANIS MINOR”, “GEMINI”, “LYNX”, “URSA MAJOR”, “HYDRA”, “CANCER”, “LEO”, “LEO MINOR”, “COMA BERENICES”, “CANES VENATICI”, “VIRGO”, “BOOTES”, “SERPENS”, “CORONA BOREALIS”, “URSA MINOR”, “DRACO”, OPHIUCHUS”, “HERCULES”, “LYRA”, “AQUILA”, “SAGITTA”, “DELPHINUS”, “EQUULEUS”, “CYGNUS”, “CEPHEUS”, “PEGASUS”, “LACERTA”, “Northern Sky” and “1oz .9999 Au”.\n- 10 Reverse R2 A design consisting of:\n\n1. in the upper sector, an irregular shape containing the following:\n 1. a stylised representation of 15 rivets;\n 2. an irregular shape containing a representation of a sheet of metal; and\n2. in the lower sector, and partially obscured by a trapezoidal shape, an irregular shape containing a stylised representation of 2 rivets; and\n3. in the background, an irregular shape containing a coloured panel, wherein the panel in turn contains a light-blue and a dark-blue zigzag pattern; and\n4. in the foreground, and partially obscuring the irregular shape containing the coloured panel, a coloured representation of a blue and black Model T Ford car; and\n5. the following:\n 1. “FORD AUSTRALIAN CLASSICS”;\n 2. “50”;\n 3. “4 CYLINDER”;\n 4. “MODEL T”;\n 5. “1925-1928”.\n- 11 Reverse R3 A design consisting of:\n\n1. in the upper sector, an irregular shape containing the following:\n 1. a stylised representation of 15 rivets;\n 2. an irregular shape containing a representation of a sheet of metal; and\n2. in the lower sector, and partially obscured by a trapezoidal shape, an irregular shape containing a stylised representation of 2 rivets; and\n3. in the background, an irregular shape containing a coloured panel, wherein the panel in turn contains a light-taupe and a dark-taupe zigzag pattern; and\n4. in the foreground, and partially obscuring the irregular shape containing the coloured panel, a coloured representation of a cream Model 40 utility Ford car; and\n5. the following:\n 1. “FORD AUSTRALIAN CLASSICS”;\n 2. “50”;\n 3. “8 CYLINDER”;\n 4. “MODEL 40 UTILITY”;\n 5. “1934”.\n- 12 Reverse R4 A design consisting of:(a) in the upper sector, an irregular shape containing the following:\n\n1. a stylised representation of 15 rivets;\n2. an irregular shape containing a representation of a sheet of metal; and\n\n\n1. in the lower sector, and partially obscured by a trapezoidal shape, an irregular shape containing a stylised representation of 2 rivets; and\n2. in the background, an irregular shape containing a coloured panel, wherein the panel in turn contains a light-red and a dark-red zigzag pattern; and\n3. in the foreground, and partially obscuring the irregular shape containing the coloured panel, a coloured representation of a red Ford Mainline utility car; and\n4. the following:\n 1. “FORD AUSTRALIAN CLASSICS”;\n 2. “50”;\n 3. “8 CYLINDER”;\n 4. “MAINLINE UTILITY”;\n 5. “1952-1959”.\n- 13 Reverse R5 A design consisting of:(a) in the upper sector, an irregular shape containing the following:\n\n1. a stylised representation of 15 rivets;\n2. an irregular shape containing a representation of a sheet of metal; and\n\n\n1. in the lower sector, and partially obscured by a trapezoidal shape, an irregular shape containing a stylised representation of 2 rivets; and\n2. in the background, an irregular shape containing a coloured panel, wherein the panel in turn contains a light-blue and a dark-blue zigzag pattern; and\n3. in the foreground, and partially obscuring the irregular shape containing the coloured panel, a coloured representation of a grey Ford XK Falcon car; and\n4. the following:\n 1. “FORD AUSTRALIAN CLASSICS”;\n 2. “50”;\n 3. “8 CYLINDER”;\n 4. “XK FALCON”;\n 5. “1960-1962”.\n- 14 Reverse R6 A design consisting of:(a) in the upper sector, an irregular shape containing the following:\n\n1. a stylised representation of 15 rivets;\n2. an irregular shape containing a representation of a sheet of metal; and\n\n\n1. in the lower sector, and partially obscured by a trapezoidal shape, an irregular shape containing a stylised representation of 2 rivets; and\n2. in the background, an irregular shape containing a coloured panel, wherein the panel in turn contains a light-green and a dark-green zigzag pattern; and\n3. in the foreground, and partially obscuring the irregular shape containing the coloured panel, a coloured representation of a white Ford Cortina MK1 car; and\n4. the following:\n 1. “FORD AUSTRALIAN CLASSICS”;\n 2. “50”;\n 3. “4 CYLINDER”;\n 4. “CORTINA MK1”;\n 5. “1962-1967”.\n- 15 Reverse R7 A design consisting of:(a) in the upper sector, an irregular shape containing the following:\n\n1. a stylised representation of 15 rivets;\n2. an irregular shape containing a representation of a sheet of metal; and(b) in the lower sector, and partially obscured by a trapezoidal shape, an irregular shape containing a stylised representation of 2 rivets; and(c) in the background, an irregular shape containing a coloured panel, wherein the panel in turn contains a light-tan and a dark-tan zigzag pattern; and\n\n1. in the foreground, and partially obscuring the irregular shape containing the coloured panel, a coloured representation of a tan Ford XR Falcon GT car; and(e) the following:\n\n1. “FORD AUSTRALIAN CLASSICS”;\n2. “50”;\n3. “8 CYLINDER”;\n4. “XR FALCON GT”;\n5. “1967”.\n- 16 Reverse R8 A design consisting of:(a) in the upper sector, an irregular shape containing the following:\n\n1. a stylised representation of 15 rivets;\n2. an irregular shape containing a representation of a sheet of metal; and(b) in the lower sector, and partially obscured by a trapezoidal shape, an irregular shape containing a stylised representation of 2 rivets; and(c) in the background, an irregular shape containing a coloured panel, wherein the panel in turn contains a light-red and a dark-red zigzag pattern; and(d) in the foreground, and partially obscuring the irregular shape containing the coloured panel, a coloured representation of a red Ford XY Falcon GT-HO car with black stripes; and(e) the following:\n\n1. “FORD AUSTRALIAN CLASSICS”;\n2. “50”;\n3. “8 CYLINDER”;\n4. “XY FALCON GT-HO”;\n5. “1971”.\n- 17 Reverse R9 A design consisting of:(a) in the upper sector, an irregular shape containing the following:\n\n1. a stylised representation of 15 rivets;\n2. an irregular shape containing a representation of a sheet of metal; and(b) in the lower sector, and partially obscured by a trapezoidal shape, an irregular shape containing a stylised representation of 2 rivets; and(c) in the background, an irregular shape containing a coloured panel, wherein the panel in turn contains a light-green and a dark-green zigzag pattern; and(d) in the foreground, and partially obscuring the irregular shape containing the coloured panel, a coloured representation of a light-green Ford XA Falcon car with dark-green stripes; and(e) the following:\n\n1. “FORD AUSTRALIAN CLASSICS”;\n2. “50”;\n3. “8 CYLINDER”;\n4. “XA FALCON”;\n5. “1972-1973”.\n- 18 Reverse R10 A design consisting of:(a) in the upper sector, an irregular shape containing the following:\n\n1. a stylised representation of 15 rivets;\n2. an irregular shape containing a representation of a sheet of metal; and(b) in the lower sector, and partially obscured by a trapezoidal shape, an irregular shape containing a stylised representation of 2 rivets; and(c) in the background, an irregular shape containing a coloured panel, wherein the panel in turn contains a light-blue and a dark-blue zigzag pattern; and(d) in the foreground, and partially obscuring the irregular shape containing the coloured panel, a coloured representation of a blue Ford ZH Fairlane car; and(e) the following:\n\n1. “FORD AUSTRALIAN CLASSICS”;\n2. “50”;\n3. “8 CYLINDER”;\n4. “ZH FAIRLANE”;\n5. “1976-1979”.\n- 19 Reverse R11 A design consisting of:(a) in the upper sector, an irregular shape containing the following:\n\n1. a stylised representation of 15 rivets;\n2. an irregular shape containing a representation of a sheet of metal; and(b) in the lower sector, and partially obscured by a trapezoidal shape, an irregular shape containing a stylised representation of 2 rivets; and(c) in the background, an irregular shape containing a coloured panel, wherein the panel in turn contains a light-blue and a dark-blue zigzag pattern; and(d) in the foreground, and partially obscuring the irregular shape containing the coloured panel, a coloured representation of a white Ford XC Falcon Cobra car with blue stripes; and(e) the following:\n\n1. “FORD AUSTRALIAN CLASSICS”;\n2. “50”;\n3. “8 CYLINDER”;\n4. “XC FALCON COBRA”;\n5. “1978”.\n- 20 Reverse R12 A design consisting of:(a) in the upper sector, an irregular shape containing the following:\n\n1. a stylised representation of 15 rivets;\n2. an irregular shape containing a representation of a sheet of metal; and(b) in the lower sector, and partially obscured by a trapezoidal shape, an irregular shape containing a stylised representation of 2 rivets; and(c) in the background, an irregular shape containing a coloured panel, wherein the panel in turn contains a light-tan and a dark-tan zigzag pattern; and(d) in the foreground, and partially obscuring the irregular shape containing the coloured panel, a coloured representation of a red and black Ford XE Falcon ESP car; and(e) the following:\n\n1. “FORD AUSTRALIAN CLASSICS”;\n2. “50”;\n3. “8 CYLINDER”;\n4. “XE FALCON ESP”;\n5. “1981-1985”.\n- 21 Reverse R13 A design consisting of:(a) a circle enclosing the following:\n\n1. in the background, a representation of a building with 3 flags on its roof;\n2. the foreground, and partially obscuring that building, a representation of a Model T Ford car;\n3. “50”; and(b) below that circle, the word “Ford” enclosed by a stylised representation of a winged pyramid; and(c) the following:\n\n1. “FORD AUSTRALIA – THE MANUFACTURING ERA”;\n2. “1925”;\n3. “2016”.\n- 22 Reverse R14 A design consisting of:(a) a representation of a 38-class locomotive bearing the number “38” and “01”, a coal cart and a passenger carriage on railway tracks; and(b) positioned below the railway tracks, a series of green and yellow curved stripes; and(c) a circle, partially obscured by that locomotive and by a representation of steam emitting from that locomotive; and (c) the following:\n\n1. “3801”;\n2. “STEAM LOCOMOTIVE”;\n3. “1943 – 2018”;\n4. a stylised representation of the designer’s initials “AB”.\n- 23 Reverse R15 A design consisting of:\n\n1. in the centre, a representation of a rosemary flower enclosed by 4 concentric circles; and\n2. superimposed on the concentric circles, a coloured representation of a rosemary wreath, including 6 rosemary flowers; and\n3. surrounding the concentric circles, a rosemary wreath intertwined with a ribbon and the word “Remembrance”; and\n4. a circular border; and\n5. the following:\n 1. “TWO DOLLARS”;\n 2. the designer’s initials “AS”.\n- 24 Reverse R16 A design consisting of:\n\n1. in the centre, a representation of a rosemary flower enclosed by 4 concentric circles; and\n2. superimposed on the concentric circles, a coloured representation of a rosemary wreath, including 6 rosemary flowers; and\n3. surrounding the concentric circles, a rosemary wreath intertwined with a ribbon and the word “Remembrance”; and\n4. a circular border; and\n5. the following:\n 1. “TWO DOLLARS”;\n 2. “AS”;\n 3. “C”.\n- 25 Reverse R17 A design consisting of:\n\n1. a horizontal line and a central circle; and\n2. above that horizontal line, and partially obscuring that circle, a representation of 3 poppy flowers; and\n3. below that horizontal line, and positioned inside that circle, an ornamental pattern containing the following:\n 1. a series of metal cartridges pointing down and presented in 2 row; and\n 2. a series of metal cartridges pointing up and presented in a row; and\n4. a circular border; and\n5. the following:\n 1. “ARMISTICE CENTENARY”;\n 2. “1918 - 2018”;\n 3. “ONE DOLLAR”;\n 4. the designer’s initials “AS”.\n- 26 Reverse R18 A design consisting of:(a) a representation of St Edward’s Crown positioned above the letters “EP”; and(b) a representation of the coronet of the Prince of Wales positioned on a wreath of myrtle leaves and flowers; and (c) a representation of the coronet of the Duke of Cambridge positioned on a wreath of myrtle leaves and flowers; and (d) a representation of the shield of Prince George of Cambridge positioned on a wreath wattle and myrtle leaves and flowers; and (e) the following:\n\n1. “70th ANNIVERSARY OF”;\n2. “THE ROYAL WEDDING”;\n3. “FIFTY CENTS”;\n4. the designer’s initials “AS”.\n- 27 Reverse R19 A design consisting of:(a) in the centre, a stylised representation of a flower enclosed by 3 concentric circles; and(b) a circular ornamental pattern comprising chevrons and rows of dots; and (c) a circular ornamental pattern comprising chevrons and straight lines; and (d) a circular ornamental pattern comprising chevrons, wavy lines and rows of dots, and (e) 3 concentric circles enclosing a series of chevrons arranged in a circular pattern and bisected by a circle; and (f) a circular border containing the following:\n\n1. “VISION . UNITY . ENERGY . LEGACY”;\n2. “XXI COMMONWEALTH GAMES .”;\n3. “GOLD COAST 2018”;\n4. “1/2oz .9999 Au”.\n- 28 Reverse R20 As for item 27, replacing the reference in subparagraph (f)(iv) to “1/2oz .9999 Au” with “1oz .999 Ag”.\n- 29 Reverse R21 A design consisting of:(a) a representation of 3 soldiers in uniform on horseback with their military equipment, wherein each soldier is holding a bayonet; and(b) a representation of the ground; and (c) in the background, positioned above a horizontal line, a representation of a mosque; and(e) the following:\n\n1. “BATTLE OF BEERSHEBA”;\n2. “1917”;\n3. “5 DOLLARS”;\n4. “1oz .999Ag”;\n5. a stylised representation of “EJ.L”.\n- 30 Reverse R22 A design consisting of:(a) a representation of 3 soldiers in uniform on horseback with their military equipment, wherein each soldier is holding a bayonet; and(b) a representation of the ground; and (c) in the background, positioned above a horizontal line, a representation of a mosque; and(e) the following:\n\n1. “BATTLE OF BEERSHEBA”;\n2. “1917”;\n3. “5 DOLLARS”;\n4. a stylised representation of the designer’s initials “EJ.L”.\n- 31 Reverse R23 A design consisting of:\n\n1. in the background, a representation of the setting in a flat landscape; and\n2. a representation of a gum tree framing the right and top areas of the coin; and\n3. positioned under that gum tree, a representation of a kangaroo lying on the ground and facing left and a representation of a kangaroo standing; and\n4. the following:\n 1. “ONE DOLLAR”;\n 2. “1oz .999 Ag”;\n 3. the number “25” enclosed by a square;\n 4. the designer’s initials “SMS”.\n\n\n \n\n \n","sortOrder":0}],"analysis":{"kimi_summary":{"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":4,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"This determination operates within its original intended scope. Currency determinations under the Currency Act 1965 have always served to specify the technical characteristics of particular coin issues. The length and detail here reflects the number of commemorative designs being authorised (24 distinct coins) rather than mission creep. The structure—definitions, specification sections, and detailed schedules—follows the standard template for Mint determinations."},"complexity_factors":["24 separate coin specifications with unique technical parameters","Extensive use of symbolic cross-referencing (S1, S2, S3 for shapes; E1, E2, E3 for edges; O1, O2 for obverses; R1-R23 for reverses) requiring lookup in Part 2","Highly detailed artistic descriptions for reverse designs—some running to 400+ words with nested sub-paragraphs (e.g., R1's astronomical/constellation design with 24 numbered elements)","Mixed measurement systems: metric weights and dimensions combined with imperial weight references (ounces) for precious metal content (e.g., '1oz .9999 Au')","Conditional weight tolerances: some coins use '±' (plus or minus) while gold coins use only '+' (minimum weight only)","Dense tabular format with 8 columns of technical data per coin specification"],"plain_english_summary":"This instrument authorises the Royal Australian Mint to produce 24 specific commemorative and investment coins and prescribes the precise technical specifications (metal composition, weight, dimensions, shape, edge and designs) they must meet.  \n\nIt affects the Mint and anyone issuing or recognising Australian legal tender: by setting the official “recipe” these coins must follow to be lawfully produced and accepted under the Currency Act 1965."},"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":4,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"This Determination performs a routine, functional task authorised by the Currency Act: it specifies denominations, compositions and technical coin specifications. It does not expand regulatory powers or add new kinds of regulatory control beyond the Act’s existing authority. What it does do is add specific commemorative and bullion coin designs and technical details to the Schedule (i.e. broaden the set of authorised coin issues), but that is an expected administrative use of the Ministerial power rather than a material change of scope beyond the Act’s original purpose (see s5–6 and Schedule 1)."},"complexity_factors":["Relatively short instrument but with detailed Schedule: Schedule 1 contains 24+ table entries (many nearly identical but with different reverse designs).","24 distinct reverse/obverse design codes explained in detail in Part 2 (R1–R23, O1–O2) with lengthy descriptive subparts (long, nested lists).","Technical tolerances and measurements across items (weights with ± tolerances, diameters, thicknesses) requiring precise manufacturing specifications.","Cross‑references to the Currency Act (paragraph 13(2)(b) and subsection 13A(1)) but otherwise low statutory cross‑reference density (primarily self‑contained) (see s3, s5–6).","Non‑standard features increasing interpretive detail: concave coin measurement rule (s6(3)), coloured panels, irregular shape descriptions and both bullion purity and nominal circulation alloys in one schedule.","Multiple entries for the same denomination with different designs (e.g., many 50c items), increasing table length and possible administrative complexity for mint production planning."],"plain_english_summary":"**What this instrument does (mechanics)**\n\n- This Determination formally sets out which coins the Royal Australian Mint may make and prescribes their technical specifications. It does this by updating the Schedule to the Currency Act 1965 with new references to denominations, standard metal compositions, weights and allowable weight tolerances, maximum diameters and thicknesses, basic shapes and edge types, and the approved obverse and reverse designs (see sections 5 and 6; Schedule 1, Parts 1–2).\n\n- Section 5 inserts the listed denominations and standard metal compositions into the Schedule to the Currency Act so those specifications take legal effect. Section 6 prescribes the standard weight, allowable variation, design and dimensions for each coin listed in the Schedule (including how to measure the diameter of concave coins) and refers to Part 2 for symbol explanations.\n\n- Schedule 1, Part 1 is a table of coin items. Each row identifies a denomination, the metal standard (for example, “at least 99.99% gold” for some coins, or copper‑aluminium‑nickel for circulating coins), the nominal weight and allowable variation, maximum diameter and thickness, shape and edge type, and codes for obverse and reverse designs.\n\n- Schedule 1, Part 2 explains the short symbols used in the table (for example S1 = circular concave; E2 = interrupted milling) and gives full textual descriptions of each obverse and reverse design code (for example R1 is a detailed star/constellation design; R2–R14 are coloured Ford car designs; R19–R21 are Commonwealth Games and commemorative bullion designs; R15–R18, R23 are commemorative motifs for circulating and bullion coins).\n\n**Who is directly affected**\n\n- Royal Australian Mint (obligations to produce coins to the specified standards) (s3, s5–6; Schedule 1).\n- Coin designers and manufacturers who must meet the design and tolerances in the Schedule (Schedule 1, Parts 1–2).\n- Businesses and operators of coin‑handling equipment (vending machines, parking meters, counting and authentication machines) that rely on coin dimensions, mass and edge patterns for recognition — they may need testing or recalibration if new shapes, concave profiles, coloured panels or dimensions differ from earlier issues (Schedule 1, Part 1; Part 2 symbol explanations).\n- Collectors and bullion buyers, because the instrument lists bullion coins by weight and purity (for example 1 oz .9999 Au, 1 oz .999 Ag) and specific commemorative designs (Schedule 1 items specifying gold and silver content).\n- The public in a general sense: listed coins become official specifications within the Currency Act framework and are therefore the recognised standards for Australian coins (s5–6).\n\n**Why it matters (purpose claims and practical effects)**\n\n- The instrument’s explicit legal purpose is to give effect to the Currency Act by specifying denominations, metal standards and physical characteristics so the Mint may lawfully produce coins to those specifications (s5–6). That is a routine administrative function: it translates policy and design choices into legally binding technical standards.\n\n- Practical effects and implementation considerations:\n  - Production and compliance costs: some entries specify advanced features (concave shapes, coloured panels, irregular shaped design fields, and precise high‑purity bullion alloys). These features increase minting complexity, require different tooling or multi‑step processes, and therefore raise production cost and technical risk for the Mint (Schedule 1, Part 1; Part 2). The Mint (or its contractors) bears these costs directly; collection buyers or premium purchasers may indirectly pay higher prices.\n  - Machine and commerce compatibility: non‑standard shapes (circular concave, dodecagonal), new diameters, thickness tolerances and coloured inserts can require recalibration of vending and coin‑validation equipment. That is an implementation burden on operators of such equipment; it is a technical compatibility risk rather than a change in legal tender rules (Schedule 1, Part 1; Part 2).\n  - Bullion vs circulation: several items are bullion/commemorative coins (explicit high gold/silver purities and specified troy weights). Those are typically sold on a bullion or numismatic basis rather than used in everyday transactions. The Determination formalises their physical specs under the Act but does not itself mandate how they are marketed or priced in secondary markets (Schedule 1 items specifying “At least 99.99% gold”, “1oz .9999 Au”, etc.).\n  - Concentrated benefits and branding: some designs are clearly commercial or branded collaborations (for example a series of Ford Australian Classics designs). That creates concentrated commercial gains for designers, licensors and collectors while the costs of production and distribution are borne by the Mint and purchasers (Schedule 1, Part 2 entries R2–R13, R21–R23 etc.).\n  - Regulatory discretion and predictability: the Determination exercises the Minister’s power under the Currency Act to fix standards (s3). Its mechanical nature provides clear, legally enforceable specifications for manufacturers and third parties who rely on coin dimensions and markings.\n\n**Trade‑offs, risks and opportunity costs**\n\n- Trade‑off: richer, commemorative and bullion coin programmes support collector and bullion markets (revenue and cultural recognition) but increase production and distribution complexity that may not be economically recoverable from circulation‑grade coinage sales. The Determination does not itself allocate funding or set pricing; it only fixes the technical standards that flow from those choices (s5–6; Schedule 1).\n\n- Risk of substitution and limited circulation: high‑purity gold and silver issues are unlikely to circulate and instead function as investment or collector products; that changes how the Mint allocates production capacity and how the market treats those pieces (Schedule 1 bullion items).\n\n- Implementation risk: new shapes, concave forms and coloured panels can introduce minting defects, higher reject rates or require investment in new machinery; these are operational risks for the Mint and, secondarily, for downstream users of coins (Schedule 1, Parts 1–2).\n\n**Short summary of concrete changes in this Determination**\n\n- Adds or confirms a slate of denominations and their legal standard compositions and technical specs (weights, tolerances, diameters, thickness, shapes, edge types, obverse/reverse designs) by reference to the Schedule to the Currency Act (s5–6; Schedule 1, Parts 1–2). Examples include: a $100 31.10 g 99.99% gold coin (Item 1), multiple commemorative 50 cent designs, circulating $1 and $2 pieces in copper‑aluminium‑nickel with specified dimensions, and various bullion and commemorative silver and gold coins with troy weights and purity expressed (Schedule 1 table)."},"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"A positive credit balance is required for all requests, including BYOK, so fallback providers remain available. Add credits at https://vercel.com/d?to=%2F%5Bteam%5D%2F%7E%2Fai%3Fmodal%3Dtop-up to continue.","source":"analysis-cron"}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/currency-royal-australian-mint-determination-no-4-2017","history":"/api/acts/currency-royal-australian-mint-determination-no-4-2017/history","analysis":"/api/acts/currency-royal-australian-mint-determination-no-4-2017/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/currency-royal-australian-mint-determination-no-4-2017/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/currency-royal-australian-mint-determination-no-4-2017/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/currency-royal-australian-mint-determination-no-4-2017/documents"}}