{"id":"F2018L01749","name":"Currency (Perth Mint) Determination (No. 6) 2018","slug":"currency-perth-mint-determination-no-6-2018","collection":"legislative_instrument","jurisdiction":"commonwealth","status":"in_force","isInForce":true,"actNumber":null,"makingDate":null,"administeringDepartment":null,"currentVersion":{"id":439870,"registerId":"F2018L01749-fast-fetch-1775955725690","compilationNumber":null,"startDate":"2026-04-12","status":"InForce","reasons":null,"registeredAt":null},"sections":[{"sectionNumber":"1","sectionType":"section","heading":"Currency (Perth Mint) Determination (No. 6) 2018","content":"---\nmeta-content-style-type: text/css\nmeta-content-type: application/xhtml+xml; charset=utf-8\n---\n\n?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" standalone=\"no\"?>\n\n![](image.001.jpeg)\n\n \n\nCurrency (Perth Mint) Determination (No. 6) 2018\n\nI, Zed Seselja, Assistant Minister for Treasury and Finance, make the following determination.\n\nDated: 5 December 2018\n\n \n\nZed Seselja\n\nAssistant Minister for Treasury and Finance  Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasurer\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\nContents\n\nPart 1—Preliminary\n\n1  Name \n\n2  Commencement\n\n3  Authority\n\n4  Definitions\n\n5  Specification of denominations and standard compositions\n\n6  Standard weight, design and dimensions of coins\n\nSchedule 1—Standard composition, standard weight, design and dimensions of coins of specified denominations\n\nPart 1—Specifications of coins\n\n1  Specifications\n\nPart 2—Explanation of symbols\n\n2  Symbols used in Part 1\n\n \n\nPart 1—Preliminary\n\n \n\n1  Name\n\n  This instrument is the Currency (Perth Mint) Determination (No. 6) 2018.\n\n2  Commencement\n\n (1) Each provision of this instrument specified in column 1 of the table commences, or is taken to have commenced, in accordance with column 2 of the table. Any other statement in column 2 has effect according to its terms.\n\n \n\n- Commencement information\n- Column 1 Column 2 Column 3\n- Provisions Commencement Date/Details\n- 1. The whole of this instrument The day after this instrument is registered.\n\n\nNote: This table relates only to the provisions of this instrument as originally made. It will not be amended to deal with any later amendments of this instrument.\n\n (2) Any information in column 3 of the table is not part of this instrument. Information may be inserted in this column, or information in it may be edited, in any published version of this instrument.\n\n3  Authority\n\n  This instrument is made under the Currency Act 1965.\n\n4  Definitions\n\n  In this instrument:\n\nAct means the Currency Act 1965.\n\n5  Specification of denominations and standard compositions\n\n (1) This section is made for the purposes of paragraph 13(2)(b) of the Act.\n\n (2) The Act has effect, on and after the day on which this instrument commences, as if:\n\n (a) there were included in the Schedule to the Act the references to denominations of money specified in Part 1 of Schedule 1 to this instrument; and\n\n (b) there were specified in the Schedule to the Act opposite to each such denomination, as the standard composition of coins of that denomination, the standard composition specified for the denomination in Part 1 of Schedule 1 to this instrument.\n\n (3) This section does not affect any other provision of a determination made for the purposes of paragraph 13(2)(b) of the Act.\n\n6  Standard weight, design and dimensions of coins\n\n (1) This section is made for the purposes of subsection 13A(1) of the Act.\n\n (2) On and after the day on which this instrument commences, each item of the table in Part 1 of Schedule 1 to this instrument specifies the standard weight, the allowable variation from that standard weight, the design and the dimensions of the coin whose denomination and standard composition are specified in that item.\n\n (3) Each item of the table in Part 2 of Schedule 1 to this instrument explains a symbol used to describe the design of coins specified in Part 1 of Schedule 1.\n\n (4) This section does not affect any other provision of a determination made for the purposes of subsection 13A(1) of the Act.\n\nSchedule 1—Standard composition, standard weight, design and dimensions of coins of specified denominations\n\nNote: See sections 5 and 6.\n\nPart 1—Specifications of coins\n\n \n\n1  Specifications\n\n  Each item of the following table specifies the standard composition, the standard weight, the allowable variation from that standard weight, the design and the dimensions of a coin whose denomination and standard composition are specified in that item.\n\n \n\n- Specifications of coins\n- Item Denomination Standard composition Standard weight and allowable variation (g) Maximum diameter or other dimension (mm) Maximum thickness (mm) Shape Edge Obverse Reverse\n- 1 $1 At least 99.99% silver 31.607 ± 0.500 40.60 3.21 S1 E1 O1 R1\n- 2 $1 At least 99.99% silver 31.607 ± 0.500 40.60 3.21 S1 E1 O1 R2\n- 3 $25 At least 91.70% gold 8.018 ± 0.030 22.60 1.90 S1 E1 O2 R3\n- 4 $50 At least 91.70% gold 16.032 ± 0.050 28.90 2.30 S1 E1 O2 R4\n- 5 $2,000 (a) in relation to the coin—at least 99.99% gold; and(b) in relation to the attached piece (Chinese dragon) —at least 76.29% gold; 1.4% silver; and 22.2% copper 324.166 ± 0.600 60.60 16.00 S1 E1 O3 R5\n- 6 $30 At least 99.95% platinum 10.419 ± 0.050 25.60 2.00 S1 E1 O4 R6\n- 7 $100 At least 99.99% gold 31.157 ± 0.050 32.60 2.80 S1 E1 O1 R7\n- 8 $1 At least 99.99% silver 31.607 ± 0.500 40.60 3.21 S1 E1 O1 R8\n- 9 $100 At least 99.99% gold 31.157 ± 0.050 32.60 2.80 S1 E1 O1 R9\n- 10 $25 At least 99.99% gold 7.807 ± 0.030 20.60 2.00 S1 E1 O1 R9\n\n\nPart 2—Explanation of symbols\n\n \n\n2  Symbols used in Part 1\n\n  Each item of the following table contains an explanation of a symbol used in Part 1 of this Schedule to describe the shape, edge design, obverse design and reverse design of a coin.\n\n \n\n- Explanation of symbols used in Part 1\n- Item Design Feature Symbol Explanation\n- 1 Shape S1 Circular\n- 2 Edge E1 Continuously milled\n- 3 Obverse O1 A design consisting of a circle immediately inside the rim that surrounds an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II and the following:(a) “ELIZABETH II”;(b) “AUSTRALIA”;(c) Arabic numerals for the amount, in dollars, of the denomination of the coin, followed by “DOLLARS” or “DOLLAR” as the case requires; and(d) “JC”.\n- 4 Obverse O2 A design consisting of a circle immediately inside the rim that surrounds an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II and the following:(a) “ELIZABETH II”;(b) “2019”;(c) “AUSTRALIA”;(d) Arabic numerals for the amount, in dollars, of the denomination of the coin, followed by “DOLLARS” or “DOLLAR” as the case requires; and(e) “JC”.\n- 5 Obverse O3 A design consisting of a circle immediately inside the rim that surrounds an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II and the following:(a) “ELIZABETH II”;(b) “AUSTRALIA”;(c) “2000 DOLLARS”;(d) “2019”;(e) “10oz 9999 GOLD”; and(f) “JC”.\n- 6 Obverse O4 A design consisting of a circle immediately inside the rim that surrounds an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II and the following:(a) “ELIZABETH II”;(b) “AUSTRALIA”;(c) “30 DOLLARS”;(d) “2019”;(e) “1/3oz 9995 Pt”; and(f) “JC”.\n- 7 Reverse R1 A design consisting of a circular border, in the background, a coloured stylised sunset, grass and a tree, in the foreground, partially obscuring the border is a representation of a coloured kookaburra perched on a branch partially submerged in a body of water and the following:(a) “AUSTRALIAN KOOKABURRA”;(b) “2019 1oz 9999 SILVER”;(c) “AH”; and(d) “P”.\n- 8 Reverse R2 A design consisting of a circular border, in the background, a stylised sunset, grass and a tree, in the foreground, partially obscuring the border is a representation of a kookaburra perched on a branch partially submerged in a body of water, a square reverse of an Australian One Penny coin and the following:(a) “AUSTRALIAN KOOKABURRA”;(b) “2019 1oz 9999 SILVER”;(c) “AH”; and(d) “P”.\n- 9 Reverse R3 A design consisting of a representation of a laurel wreath, St Edward’s Crown, an oval enclosing 200 and the following:(a) “PERTH MINT”;(b) “AUSTRALIA”; and(c) “SOVEREIGN”.\n- 10 Reverse R4 A design consisting of a representation of a laurel wreath, St Edward’s Crown, an oval enclosing 200 and the following:(a) “PERTH MINT”;(b) “AUSTRALIA”; and(c) “DOUBLE SOVEREIGN”.\n- 11 Reverse R5 A design consisting of stylised representations of a pearl, mist and waves in the background and in the foreground a stylised Chinese dragon with an emerald and diamonds inset and the following:(a) “THE JEWELLED DRAGON”;(b) the Chinese language character (龍) pronounced lóng under the Pinyin system and meaning dragon;(c) “IJ”; and(d) “P”.\n- 12 Reverse R6 A design consisting of a patterned circular border enclosing a representation of 2 humpback whales underwater and the following:(a) “2019 HUMPBACK WHALE”;(b) “AUSTRALIAN ANTARCTIC TERRITORY”;(c) “NH”; and(d) “P”.\n- 13 Reverse R7 A design consisting of a circular border enclosing a representation of Stuart Devlin’s depiction of the Welcome Stranger gold nugget as it appeared in The Perth Mint 1986 Australian Nugget 1 ounce gold coin superimposed over radial lines and the following:(a) “AUSTRALIAN NUGGET”;(b) “WELCOME STRANGER 1869”;(c) “2019 1oz 9999 GOLD”;(d) “SD”;(e) “P”; and(f) the micro letter “P”.\n- 14 Reverse R8 A design consisting of a circular border enclosing a representation of Stuart Devlin’s depiction of the Welcome Stranger gold nugget as it appeared in The Perth Mint 1986 Australian Nugget 1 ounce gold coin superimposed over radial lines and the following:(a) “AUSTRALIAN NUGGET”;(b) “WELCOME STRANGER 1869”;(c) “2019 1oz 9999 SILVER”;(d) “SD”; (e) “P”; and(f) the micro letter “P”.\n- 15 Reverse R9 A design consisting of a circular border enclosing a representation of Stuart Devlin’s depiction of the Welcome Stranger gold nugget as it appeared in The Perth Mint 1986 Australian Nugget 1 ounce gold coin and the following:(a) “AUSTRALIAN NUGGET”;(b) “WELCOME STRANGER 1869”;(c) “2019 Xoz 9999 GOLD” (where “X” is the nominal weight in ounces of the coin, expressed as a whole number or a common fraction in Arabic numerals);(d) “SD”; and(e) “P”.\n\n\n \n","sortOrder":0}],"analysis":{"kimi_summary":{"content_quality":"ok","complexity_score":3,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"This determination remains tightly focused on its original purpose: specifying technical and design standards for Perth Mint coins. It does not expand beyond the standard scope of currency determinations under the Currency Act 1965."},"complexity_factors":["Simple tabular structure with clear itemised specifications","Only 6 defined symbols (S1, E1, O1-O4, R1-R9) used consistently throughout","Minimal cross-referencing (only references to the parent Currency Act 1965)","Straightforward conditional logic limited to weight tolerances (± values)","No nested exceptions or complex procedural requirements","Length is short and focused (approximately 10 coin specifications)","Technical but precise language appropriate for manufacturing specifications"],"plain_english_summary":"The law authorises the Perth Mint to produce ten specific 2019 commemorative and investment coins, prescribing precise metal content, weight, dimensions and designs (obverse: Queen Elizabeth II; reverse: motifs like kookaburras, whales, a jewelled dragon and the Welcome Stranger nugget). It affects the Mint, coin collectors/investors and anyone encountering these coins as legal tender. Although officially currency, the pieces are chiefly collectible/bullion items with regulated quality and authentication."},"flash_summary":{"complexity_score":3,"scope_assessment":{"changed":false,"description":"The Determination operates within the established statutory power under the Currency Act to specify denominations, standard compositions and physical standards for coins. It does not extend the legal power or introduce a new regulatory subject; it simply lists particular Perth Mint coin types, their metal compositions, weights/tolerances, dimensions and artwork. Although it includes a high-value composite piece (the $2,000 coin with an attached dragon of mixed alloy), that is a variation in the types of coins specified rather than a change to the instrument’s legal scope or purpose."},"complexity_factors":["Single-layer instrument with short text but a multi-row technical Schedule (Schedule 1, Part 1 has 10 item rows).","Part 2 decodes 15 distinct symbol entries (O1–O4, R1–R9, plus S1, E1).","Several cross-references to the Currency Act: paragraph 13(2)(b) and subsection 13A(1) (sections 5 and 6).","Technical tolerances and conditional composition details (e.g. Item 5 includes two different compositions for the coin and an attached piece).","Repeated denominations with different designs (duplicates of $1 and $100 entries) increase bookkeeping/implementation complexity for mint and regulators.","Some design descriptions include multiple discrete elements (colours, insets, micro letters) that complicate authentication and production checks."],"plain_english_summary":"**What this instrument does (mechanics)**\n\n- This Determination tells the law exactly which Perth Mint coins are to be treated as official Australian coins for the purposes of the Currency Act 1965. It does that in two ways:\n  - It adds specified denominations and the metal compositions that count as the “standard composition” for those denominations (see section 5). In practical terms, the Schedule’s Part 1 entries are treated as if they were put into the Schedule to the Currency Act (so the Act operates with those entries included).\n  - It sets the standard weight (with allowable tolerance), maximum diameter/thickness, shape, edge style, and the required obverse (heads) and reverse (tails) designs for each listed coin (see section 6 and Schedule 1, Part 1). Part 2 of the Schedule explains the symbols used to describe the designs (for example, O1 = a specified obverse; R1 = a specified reverse).\n\n- The Determination takes effect the day after it is registered (see section 2).\n\n**Who it affects**\n\n- The Perth Mint and its designers and manufacturers: they must produce coins that meet the specified metal content, weight tolerances, dimensions and designs if they are to be treated as the specified legal-tender coins.\n- Coin buyers, collectors, bullion dealers and assayers: those parties rely on these specifications to identify, value and trade the coins (metal purity, weight and markings are set by the instrument).\n- Treasury / regulators and anyone using the Currency Act’s Schedule as the legal reference for what constitutes particular denominations: this Determination changes what the Schedule should be read as including (see section 5(2)).\n\n**Why it matters (purpose claim and practical implications)**\n\n- Purpose claimed by the instrument: to specify denominations, compositions, weights, designs and dimensions of Perth Mint coins so they are recognised under the Currency Act (see sections 5 and 6 and Schedule 1).\n\n- Practical implications and trade-offs to test that claim against:\n  - Who pays / who benefits: the immediate, concentrated beneficiaries are the Mint (ability to issue the particular coins) and the collectors/investors who purchase them. Production costs fall on the Mint; buyers pay market prices for coins (face value is usually symbolic for bullion/commemorative coins). The Government’s administrative cost is limited to making and registering the Determination.\n  - Compliance and implementation burden: the Perth Mint must meet the technical specifications (metal purity, weight tolerances, diameter/thickness limits, required inscriptions and microletters). Assayers and dealers must verify these specs when valuing and trading the coins.\n  - Novel technical features and valuation effects: one listed item (Item 5 — a $2,000 coin) is a composite: the main coin is 99.99% gold while an attached decorative piece (a Chinese dragon) has a different alloy (76.29% gold, 1.4% silver, 22.2% copper). That introduces a concrete complexity for assayers, valuers and secondary-market traders because parts of the physical object have different metal content and likely different market value characteristics (see Schedule 1, Item 5). Other design elements (coloured areas, insets like emeralds/diamonds, microletters) affect authentication and production complexity (see Schedule 1, Part 2 items R1 and R5).\n  - Behavioural/substitution effects: these coins are minted to specification and can be legal-tender coins on paper, but the market typically treats such bullion/commemorative coins as investment or collectible items rather than circulating money. That means holders are likely to store or trade the coins as bullion/collectables rather than spend them as ordinary currency (this is an expected commercial effect of such specifications; see Schedule 1 items showing high-purity gold, silver or platinum content).\n  - Risk and administrative discretion: the Determination is technical and prescriptive; the main discretion at law remains with the power under the Currency Act to make such determinations. The Determination itself constrains the Mint to produce only the described variants if it wants the statutory recognition the Act gives.\n\n**Concrete, mechanical features worth noting**\n\n- The instrument specifies both composition and detailed physical tolerances (weight plus allowable variation in grams, maximum diameters and thicknesses) for each listed coin (Schedule 1, Part 1).\n- It uses symbol codes (S1, E1, O1–O4, R1–R9) to describe shape, edge, obverse and reverse. Part 2 of the Schedule decodes these symbols and sets out the exact inscriptions and representations required (for example, O1 requires the effigy of Queen Elizabeth II and specified inscriptions) (Schedule 1, Part 2).\n- Some denominations appear more than once with different reverse designs (for example several $1 silver and $100 gold entries), which allows the Mint to issue visually different coins of the same face value and metal content (Schedule 1, Part 1 items 1, 2, 8; items 7 and 9).\n\n**Net practical effect**\n\n- Legally, the Determination updates the technical legal description of which Perth Mint products count as particular Australian coins and the exact physical and marking standards those coins must meet. Practically, it enables the Perth Mint to issue the specified bullion and commemorative coins with statutory recognition and gives market participants clear identification and verification standards for those items.\n\n(References: sections 5–6 and Schedule 1 of the Determination.)"},"flash_summary_failed":{"failed":true,"reason":"A positive credit balance is required for all requests, including BYOK, so fallback providers remain available. Add credits at https://vercel.com/d?to=%2F%5Bteam%5D%2F%7E%2Fai%3Fmodal%3Dtop-up to continue.","source":"analysis-cron"}},"importantCases":[],"_links":{"self":"/api/acts/currency-perth-mint-determination-no-6-2018","history":"/api/acts/currency-perth-mint-determination-no-6-2018/history","analysis":"/api/acts/currency-perth-mint-determination-no-6-2018/analysis","conflicts":"/api/acts/currency-perth-mint-determination-no-6-2018/conflicts","importantCases":"/api/acts/currency-perth-mint-determination-no-6-2018/important-cases","documents":"/api/acts/currency-perth-mint-determination-no-6-2018/documents"}}